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. , "f/ , 70(
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¼
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(1)
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5 134 b 133 Ç , 1986 , ¬i , %8 , p>( , M/;R 188
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ØE 1$K 2( *o /( , VNY zX -/ %2" 1( % ( L0; n , l0N
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¼ 1~ %$ :<; 708"( B/ ¦ Ói¤1 70;0; pL*/ (< -( g" %$ f
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,
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;
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¼ F& 2H
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5 1$K 2( 0zN1n / GH , *0^ ©fg
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Fi m$ =D -/ ,70+v ¦/ =D -/ " )w2P4 x/ 2E£,%P
. / 71q %$
U i0f( r e 7";< _ z i( :2g/ n2z; r2/ Gf8 l(
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¼ 708/< FGH !fN+ VN&
H>/+ I V:2N1 n, .
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8 *0E81 , k %21 !f (< -( 34 *81 P 0X I r2f1
:Ñ =/}Ð b 7f( pE I 8^ L$ b " ¦E8 " I \f
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:fNE1 \G , C
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5 )*81i I )H
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: Ñ^2Ð g rX , )"s (
"(f+ 9:$ MH , 0^ * "«
C; k
l P.M
FM k + )K5 kp k

6 U !

8
;. G 5 i
p k 6 ~ E j ;£ G 5 } 1 7
E + 7 k

S|+1 ) Ô
¨;_M
_ . k +8;!
(2)
\G pDC i+ r¢ I , B8 2; I pi , 70:X 7sE 34 g Y f
=0 =$ B =01 n %( 71¶ p/ , Tv Ç&
2 -*80( r =D m 1
.
(3)
5 =( pv
~ MH n )1
Æ MH n MN e 7f" $ _ *8 r 7fE8 )f I *Á MN A0^
nmlkjihg f edcb Ú : 3+ rX
129 : 1
Û z y x w v u t s r qp o
5 f/ P : ®
+) , P¤/ N/ : 3.x 6 e1_
5 226 Ç , 103 © , %21 , (< -( e2_
5 130Ç , >E+ , MS20 -1 rD ¸ ² -( -1 rD : s81 e3_
225
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC'H‫א‬V'‫א‬:W8X‫א‬+‫א‬
=0 L80( 5 2 " *0^ y % ( ,H2Ó MN, ~+N^. . ; %$ g = )"s^
\G
x2 GH BK4 =D /< !g0^ , pDC i+ m( %$ 3+ 8/ G&
5 & -/ 6$(
. ±C+ L80& , . ; ±C %$ \G , m
5$A( H28X -1G rG =E( & - HiN(, 8 +N^ =0/ -/ 2}g1 %}^ g /
:Ñ^2Ð OX (< -( g: L$

& [
e ;Y , 4+ ;j [6 n§
(1)

@6
l
E k
K;'
¥ 3 6 :
@ ) ¥ ; ~
¥ ~ _ ¿," -² 2;" I +i NsE Eo2/
5 )1} %f I +BD N" e :@) ;
5 22 : -² Û ] \ [ Z Y Ú : 3+ rX
pE( Z8N/ , PN/ 0" ^ \G , &Q 2*g N080; I g |
: ÑÅ0Ð :< vf:R 8D |z
0^ Á "¼ , 7"0"D
.

1 3 8 ; |9
) 4 3 | 8
8 |3
_ <+_8 Ep 9j
(2)
G F E D C B A Ú : 3+ *0^ r2f1 MN, 71} 71¶ V8/ -/ 0EN/
77 : 4 Û S R Q P O N M L K J I H
!g1 1 -~ 0 , :$ +Z: , Fi¼ mz \G , &Q -/ =D X g^
F/^ %2^ FiS L80& b 0" b V;2/ M8" =& L$ , // )0 !"E80^ , %i , *0^ ^ t< ~ . . 1, 5 h (1 / -, . f1S =¨ , F( É1 %(
(3)
5 © -/ 70gP n , %2^ -/ 2P
¤¤" 11 ( , i& n , (
Æ )" I :( P 7;8/ I W1 &Q |1 5 49 Ç , 3 © , %21 , (< -( e1_
5 399 Ç , 185 © , E: e2_
5 419Ç , >E+ , MS20 -1 rD ¸ ² -( -1 rD : s81 e3_
226
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"I +i NsE N/ ,7; 7^/ 1Cq )" -/ T"1 / 7;E: 0i , %D
:ÑÅ0Ð g rf^ 5 " -² 2;
S ) 49 ~) 4
' j V &;
¥ ~ k¥ . | 8
885

(1)
20 :
Û ] \ [ Z Y Ú : 3+ rX
" 7L ( "FL;
¼ , bH 640 78; 1$K U< :< %/ ( e 7N; _ 70( 7;8( F>(+ -& +2X
|1 g rX , %:/ %1¤/ >6$ !"P 2& xND l0&
:ÑÅ0Ð 7ZDN %>: iª4 I &Z:

& 8 '
8 36 + , 9 F 5 ) : ' 5
(2)
: %f p1 -/ 71 I i V8/ -/ 0EN/
^] \ [ Z Y X W V U T S R Q P O NÚ
66 : c, Û h g f e d c ba ` _
-/ r(, iN;n " ¤0*N r&
~ ( Y~ =06 *0^
J 7D 8 X21
, .
-( 04 >g1 \G V8 %$ TG}^ 5 i^R iE =D -/ )w>: 9:$ ,×Ez8N^
% n4 k8 ( 7XE m K , =Xf -NE y4 )*¿ , B 8H % \ ; (<
MN )J& %>: ×Ez1 , )Hi2* )*zzP =z1 ; Bn¤H =} i( %$ >/<
5 if1R BESR ( / p*0*^, ( wX21
I 1¼ ¤/ 1 70(/ 70: :"( 9j MN , 1$K U 7;0( ZÙ h + X 9:i \G )$ jg 2H b g m& b :< ; 1f ¸ 32 -/ Tv
(3)
:Ñ=12zÐ g rX 5 H$ 2S
5 44 Ç , 2 © , %21 , (< -( e1_
5 139Ç , 62 © , E: e2_
5 345Ç , 162© , E: e3_
227
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC'H‫א‬V'‫א‬:W8X‫א‬+‫א‬
9 x

6 G 5
. G
R
`
Ë F
° ± &
Ï
n )5 Fi *y>; e78 _ t< % 3+ *0^ ( MN , 71} 71¶ 34 Tv I s81 2H
u t s r q p o n m l Ú
(1)
)*8 º -1G ,%2
105 : 39 Û x wv
(2)
V8 GH I P p1 8H
:µ X 8$ b r2f1 L0^ / FGH I %$ , ØE 1$K U / I g g: 71/ 7;8( FGH 9:$ b 8 E 0" =Z+ MN , p FGH -/ ±vL: 34
bH641 78; Tv %$ 5 & :< %/
Vfy2 ( TN; -, $
, N//4 xN1
. >1
~ -/. =D v4
. NP MN ,N;0; !^
~
)*H,}1~ % i iÆ n :< -/ %$ -, 0^
. 9C: MN 71¶ -/ Tv I 0EN/
e)} f _Vfy2 ( TN1 L:$ ( -/¤1 %z0g( E}1 \G =D , ;R
5 E: n MN ,fP ( 80(
-/ s& -12^2 =6/ "6/, OL: I "f+ " +µ/ )}( (< -( i^
(3)
:Ñ=12zÐ mS =$ -/ MD8 pD 34 ^1 % , %z" 70Y&
O m~ 7Rp I3
¥ )) S : ;
5 4+ ))
!
*

, ~9 ¤ 3 8 P.
*
M t k + 8 )
!
z ;

Ú : 3+ rX
256 : 3
Û 5 438Ç , >E+ , MS20 -1 rD ¸ ² -( -1 rD : s81 e1_
¢ ¡ â: *8/ ; P p1 V8 GH I :s81 e2_
5Ñ128 : < Ð ã « ª©¨§ ¦ ¥ ¤ £
5 82 Ç , 25 © , %21 % (< -( e3_
228
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC'H‫א‬V'‫א‬:W8X‫א‬+‫א‬
, 0E f( g -/ :L14
)Z WP4 , + MÁ )*80( -, /
,
X 5>} I pi p(z =XX / %X rP 2:$ -1G < _
k8 =} 0 / q, e >$ N8 )*N/f/ I %20E )y %&2 Mf
n4 + 8 2E"1 u , )" 34 )*&28D )¥0: © - %P¶ %( ¼. 7j(
:3+ rX rE:< 2; I -12$G, N} =H( *0g+ 7 8 EP
61: C'9 Û Ú
~
)""
¼ P
¦8¨ % 0: -/ b 3+ :; b m"S X 5 " 7W1X28( " *8/ 71 I
(2)
: Ñ1Ð g rX 5 =$2N1 , )*&28D r& I )HH1
TE +1 ) 7 ) !'j 8
3 7 _p9

¥T;~ ±
' o W;=
Te
\ M \)
' M
' . ?5

(1)
$ i¢ , 8 )*^i 0E( (< -( Z4 -}1 u
% rÁ %$ L:4 , i
ÔN1
u 2 , 70:z" 7(N} 7~ */. /X~ r. &. 04 9"$ ¼ 7j( , M; )*f. S: %2}1
5 70¤ FGH -/ µ/ i(R E" $ \G r< FzP m}+1
I N( N^fy " =WE( -1>6$ %i -/ =WE >y<
)*80( y2}/ r2S %$ L$
.
-/_ )H, . % I 70^$ 9:$ MN , )*80( HWX MN AE 34 7^R( , 70;0 -1
)*Nz"; }&4 )¥2z; , %" MX( ( )*N:}/ 1 , )HÀ N1
e #
7:} FGH 2"N& *"WE( MN ,70^ )*XP , 70D# 70"P 2/< >0+ I
*0^ *gN; MN " 7g0: " 7X B*Y =X -/ (N I *8/ ; 7X2/
~
8 =0; I 2G( 8& B( %2" ( *0^ , M} u; -( x0( 2( 0fE j0Y
5 244Ç , >E+ , MS20 -1 rD ¸ ² -( -1 rD : s81 e1_
5 121Ç , 50 © , %21 , (< -( e2_
229
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC'H‫א‬V'‫א‬:W8X‫א‬+‫א‬
(1)
: ÑfNÐ g rf^ 5 P< ( KE^ 70 )*;2E: i*g e
kA _ a & 5 & me
k! ¿ ;
C
; 6
:Ñ =12zÐ W1 rX
) j AM
¿

(2)
, ; ' KM G 5 g m
M
%
: 2X *8/ $G: , >6} 3+ p1 -/ ´ FGH g VfN; X
3 : Q
Û Q P O NM L K J I H Ú
Û Æ Å Ä Ã Â Á À ¿ ¾ ½ ¼ Ú: 2X
200 : G_ CN
! 0$+ , 6$ 2X +n2 Mz0 ; g *NX MN , 70:f p1¶ -/
b ( P
¼ MN 71¶ E0o2+ - 0N 0, N0( -/ ´6 90 -/ r< zg I 8z1
: )Ó1 ( V1 )H2~: ¼ 8/¤" 2X -1G pf^8 f^8 7{^ b 3+ :;
h g f e d c b a ` _ ^ ] \ [ Z Y Ú
b :( \ ; 13 : 8/ Û t s r q p o n m l k j i
5e )$2: -/ _ BR f GP: b HÔ}( b :2"*/ : b Bs )W(
(3)
:Ñ=/Ð:g rf^
U
? S p S .p k U 95 k z 9 k j % ;
¢;
_ 8
5 229 Ç , 105 © , !( e1_
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5 108Ç , 43© , E: e3_
230
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(1)
9 ) P 3+ 9 9 9 â
U F zU p Î & ã kj;
5 9NgN %C 8 x^+ , 8/ s8( N1 % 2 -/ m"z1 2*^
2: (Y :< ; (< -( 34 m8+ MN ,71g p - ±81 B0N;n G*^
5 & I (G :C& ¿
¼ F2}g1 \G, m0 28( *S< B0f+< 8/¤
Ú : r2N )1 (zP I 3+ 2X N0( I L*"N/ g )s: X
25 : k8) Û S 34 7D /(
9:$ , 7"j8 9£ tj HBD ¼ )1/ 34 D2/ m"z
5 0 34 i2+ *80 fN^
, *gz \+ µ ( p2fN+
)1/ zXN( =O: mS ÅX+ g1 "D , 70:f ´( g x~ g+
7&E / - + , 70E: 7ni x08 G b 3+ :; b H/ ¼ BG
(2)
: ÑÅ0Ð rf^ , ØE >/< 1z =O: + MN 7Z*

*
® r ej
4 . c9 CY 9 pV T , [p ! )
x n 7 p, ÊF?
g rX + 1 g g: bH 643 78; 9:$ MN , 71 70( 7;8(
(3)
: Ñ=12zÐ
g p[9 8 ; O
>
: g F ! 9 x
w Sp 5
7

(4)

z+7 AF ( z .
*F;
O@p ' 6 @M
3 6 M
3A A
: 2*g N0:28( i2² -(
!; X e1_
h 1i4 / \G , ´2Y< :f/ -(
~ -² ~ g
.
80 9^. v -1: -/ ¦ On
© b.
5 B(
,
,

5e214¹1,m0z ¦E: :s81_ 5 :s,: : 2f( *NP
¼ 2b: -/ :4 )$2: -/ Nf:
,
*
5 e 295¹15 , %" , 2s8/ -(: s81_ 5 TNY : b
5 76Ç , 23 © %21 , (< -( e2_
5 369 Ç , 172 © , E: e3_
e4_
5 e 254¹10 , %" , 2s8/ -(: s81_ 5 N: : ß@'6
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10 : :M
Û z y x w v u t sÚ : 3+ 2X -/ 0&2N/
FY )1} %f ( PC1 \G, \2" rL BER (< -( Hi , 71¶ FG*^
e + MÁ_ &Q H %( Mf"N x8f+ Fg/ =f8+ , 712X 71>+ pXz( N /

m*g(
)*+ L:4 m^
GJ |N}1
u 5 )¥12q =z( , i S0g 2f( iS
~
5Hi + )HBY 8+ , X& )*X£
2/ :< %/ ( 70( 34 >g/ , 1$K U / I g g: L$
=$ I 71 p VN& , x0 pJ MN , +&2N^ k8 =$ 9j MN , .+2X
I p2 34 "D FiX 78NE : if14 34 ; -/ )$ , B\D -/ )}^ 5/ =$ I / (1)
:Ñ^2Ð t< x/ 712N/ /$ 92£ rD -/ )$ , %z" &
(2)
AF &F Ñ h
k
4 )
;@ ½
5 Ñ ½

. M

¥ D
;') 3 C 3 ~ k
p 4'1 6 A j : 0 C

e 7f _ 7/0f 21 r2H 2
¼ ¼ )1} %f -/ 7E FGH g N; X
»;_8 , §+, &e g;Oj 20 GH I k8 %2}1 21 , 2H( 2"f f+ MN
$$ -1/ %;8 l ; 8 G5 l 0|.
kA
(3)
!0? 'o W, W;
j \ ; Û [ Z Y X W V Ú
$$ J \) ¦;+16 z+7
(4)
4 : Û [ ZY X W VÚ :3+ rX
5 403 Ç , 189 © , %21 , (< -( e1_

, e2_
78NE : X2/ : |,
* 5 e 93¹4 , %" , 2s8/ -(: s81_=0" 2H B\D t/ : a
I i2 \ ; 7Yg# 9~ \G : ¶;@a, * 5e 32¹13 %" , 2s8/ -(: s81_ 5 5 e 94¹4 , %" , 2s8/ -(: s81_ 5 h if8/ \ 55 E: )s
5 808 Ç , >E+ , MS20 -1 rD ¸ ² -( -1 rD e3_
5 809 Ç , E: e4_
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U p&2N^ -/ =D :& zN f( N , 0E( S+ Y 34 i21 p FGH =6/ I m =
5 )*04 n4 E/ n :< ; )*O4 , )J 7};LN NX ÝE
", / :2N( 2H , 1< ( 9"f+ ¼
p*o e 708"( _ :< ( ´6 8S2/ {Z
.
r/¶ B / , =ZN/ ,2/q
. , r8 0 LS< 7(G}
(1)
/~ r2f1 & , 0" ÔN/
: ÑÅ0Ð F .HK h *s
OM
_ <p -
r , S )
CK
SU ) G19d
^ .o ¨ ¯

7 8
E0"}+ 7s -/ B( >6$ p;8/ I *8/ p( L */2"1 , E: f1 7f0f I 2H
5 %2( F/ -, /. 1 EN& Mf % 34 , 70:z" 7(N}(
( 80( *NEY}/ , (N E:
. g 7&/ / N1 p0(< FGH Úf^
=ZN1 L$ , 04 r22 -}1 n/ 34 x"zN1 L80& E: m1G+ =ZN1 L:}^ 5 E:
(2)
$$ 4) ^.o 49j 4
;75 4.U Y
495 ¦5 VU T S G E}
37 :39 Û\ [ Z Y X WV U T S Ú : 3+ rX
%2 1 Z¼ ;~ h ¼$ %2N01 -1G , 34 J (fN , 8
¼ i %0( HC ( I
:Ñ^2Ð g r2f1 , (< 2"f 0^ m"fN+ /21 %2^ )J (

)
-;
M £
8 ) 9d \ M 6 -;
~ A~

(3)
5 364Ç , 169 © , %21 , (< -( e1_
5 430 Ç , >E+ , MS20 -1 rD ¸ ² -( -1 rD e2_
5 437 Ç , 1 © , %21 , (< -( e3_
233
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-1G 8/¤ pE
¥1 ( I | MN , Z 2; -/ V8 GH GP
(f -/ ^2P )J i , Z¥ 0: k8
=0"( )¥ )*DW/ - )J28D xE++
~
Ú: 3+ rX , )*XK Q fE8/ ,N² I /S
16 : U1
Û e-/¤_ B *04 E1 / >6$ MN , 70:L1R 7 FGH XG+ -/ g r& N: n
\G 2z¼ , u g GH 7j( , ©z *D I Ä~. + , 1< // iÄ 2. ., + L80&
5 m+ mHv L81 =Ä Á~ N^fy "( : -o
8/ fN0^, & )"s1 n, f¼ & B. j1 n \G , 34 i21 % q ^
5 S ^2P 11 ( B} , 0 0f , pi,p2"(
7081 N^fy - ±8+ MN , (< -( *8/ iEN; MN, 70:f ´ -/ 8H

5 Fµ
F>P ; OWf( , ( %L1R( ¦"N1 %( N"H MN
-/ 6$ F I , N} È^ 2H , } GH =6/ 8/ 1 % 1q 0
; 0( # m:D 34 , |1µ l1& n 7ª
% -/ f1 2*^ 5 H/
H2"&
X / Tv -^ 0" Åj1 n , D L( ß1 % %:R )"s1 n ×z n f
(1)
:Ñ=12zÐ
p.
+ 6 mM p<o ) T;.p Êp o F 4 9p ) 5
< 1 F V ; ~ !

< a1
³ ~ E J x S ' 8 Ï Gp 4 .
, Êa1 6 V
: 3+ rX, 11 ( =S 0+1 n \G , N$ 04 mHG1 L0^ {}N/
Û ~ } | { z y x w v Ú
51 : ;+

5 449 Ç , 20 © , !( e1_
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%f -/ (< -( H&2N; MN , 71g ´ r8N: , p;NXn -/ ¸1 L0^
pX0; 34 ¸< *X0; -/ e ¸< H8/ m"X _ *"12£ x/ , oE -/ 0EN/ , )1}
5 g( 7P
78; ØE 1$K U 34 (< -( */X MN , N1C¿ I X / , Y< T"+ -/
:Ñ=/}Ð >/< *0^ W*8N/ , 708"( 0 ( bH5635

G
< F5 w O 3 6 ³
! m
;
5
p Q 9 8[e

+? !
S !

, ; ' | +?
!
9
M AM 5 ) n§
>)

(1)
:< vf:4 34 1 %( @N >/< -/ l0N g m"z1 ´6 90 ME^
B0N;n ( , *N&/ -/ 2f: VN& , Y Y N& =H Ç& MN
5 8/¤ *"H ÝE( n4 *0" ÝE n 5 781 2"+ 781/ *0"
: 3+ 2X I V8 GH Z: -:
ÆÅÄÃÂÁÀ¿ Ú
41: Û 8 I % Tv ; 71¶ ÝE |o X %$ %4 , g 8
\G >q
~ V8 -}
Ø M8 ¦NE(
~ f~ ,8+. MN , )*( , 7}/ =H< h (zP ´f
: \g 90 ME^
71¶ I L80( , *0" B0N;n( %2$ *^S -/ f8 1~ t< %'^
5 TG$ 7Z0N8 |"N« ©0 -} , & >N i^ 5 7$ 2NE( 7. }/ t f8+
(2)
!
w & & 6
K 5 t 5
:Ñ=/}Ð 2X I /

.o & ~
3. U &
! K5
5 36 Ç , 1 © , %21 , (< -( e1_
5 33Ç , 1 © , E: e2_
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mHN1 20P ¼0~ e 1$K U _ ( @. N" 1£ 0^ , *Nf($ 90 7;8^
Ú : 3+ r2X 34 s:
. :$ 5 :< iA1 , -1ÀP )Hi1 , B< rNf
®¬ « ª © ¨ § ¦ ¥ ¤ £ ¢ ¡ 64: Íd Û ´ ³ ² ± °

B8( TO( -/ 0" f+ -, /. |
: V8( ; )0D %z0g 2H mS. j^
¼ jN;
, 70 34 i =$
¼ >/C
r2/< I )*$Y , Ö I g $( ¦, B. CD n l. , ( n %( )H~ , , :C -/ in/< -/ 2D
%< ; 7E"N« 7. X¼ 2N 7Z0N8 %2}N;
¼
äå :Íd lÀ ¿ ¾ ½ ¼» º ¹ ¸ ¶ ! Ú: i
5 8/¤ "" Ò L*0"$ %z0g $ % 2
mÁ -, /. G1 % =W^
\G , m0 )"o , ©E u -/ 2}g >6$ g %$ X
/ >q
F2H I F/ 7f0f& 9^ 0" 9"S 2 5 1Y %C& v -/ 01 L( r
~ .
y+ -/ $N/ 2 xD -/ & B2; 0N0( I 9y X g^ 5 ( / ) -/ T(<
:ÑÅ0 Ð g rf^ , ( / 2^ v4 -1P¶
(2)
;@9
9 6 ;
+ ( 8 <, ³; e
³;s
~ ;
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¥ ¯7
) w ¸
:
1 ' 9
zU
3 !

(3)
5 379 Ç , >E+ , MS20 -1 rD ¸ ² -( -1 rD : s81 e1_
5 109Ç , 43© , %21 , (< -( e2_
5 e 220¹15 , %" , 2s8/ -(: s81_ 5 · Y -/ fN+
f ©Ä + : ~;
e3_
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F>q =*D ( b 3+ :; b J P 7;8/ I )1} %f -/ N; X

3+ %< ; 28/¤1 n % T/LNq( , ) -1¼ C" \ ; e pÔ&
)*0" TE: mHG+ ^ _
(1)
5 0" )ÓKZ0; , )*08( )0"
Æ
$ I %< ; TG$ -}1 u *E0o2+ % n4 , & 71¶ -/ N ÝE< 9:$ %'^
I 2H h 8& )y4 µ -/ :2"E1 / )w 28o -1G , E} x08 @A$n h 0w
5 !N )HBCD %2f"0; %2"E1 / )"1 !# %< ; )*0" Ô& ^ , Tv >q 7f0f
~ } Ú :3+ rX
8 M Û Bh 0N; 7E"Nj +1 ´ )1} %f ÝE< (< -( g B0N; %$ f
7j( 70:f 7/( 7081 N^fy K1 , 7*D -/ F~ »
~ F}^ - |g}1 ; 0 ^
7081 B2D< x/ P 34 , K Í0 xX2 2D -/ TG( Mf"N =f80 ; P 7*D -/
*"Ä $ )*~, N ; FY I 7; f ÝE< FGJ N:N; , p1¶ FG E0o2+ rP -/ , 7f0

5 7h f0 p2+
1D i( mN}+ MN, 71g g 7( B8q4 I
5 575Ç , >E+ , MS20 -1 rD ¸ ² -( -1 rD : s81 e1_
237
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8§
¦;3
Z8/ ) ¢3+FV :D 34 %$ L:4 , g 8/ Aq \G , 0&2 kf . 2H %f -}1 u
>} /LNH -/ (: , 0h Bh 0N; (< -( 8/ V&2N; \G , |1 \28 l1
5 (
5 |1µ l1& n 7ª -/ 6$ b 8
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1998 ,
1D 7S , ¬i , %i< , x1K2N 8" 70 }^< 90(
%8 p>( ,}E i , } -8 ,Mf*0 ¸ -( -( ² }( 2( , Mf*0 b 2
5pi , ¬i
7N}/ ,´< -1 : :p ,\G/A -8; ,\G/A V0 , \G/A b 3
15¬ ,71i2 70( 7}" , t1
7N}/ ,´< -1 : :p , ii U -8; , ´NZ lY< -( %L0"; , ii 2( b 4
5pi , 1¬ ,71i2 70( 7}" , t1 ,
m0*~ 2( : ( V8N , )"/ ¦0 , 2( , \2(08 \>gf ±Z -( )"/ b 5
5 1998 , ¬i , x1K2N 8" 70 }^< 90( M/}
7N}/ ,´< -1 : :p ,MO8 -8; ,MO8 m0Y -( ² , MO8 b 6
51¬ ,71i2 70( 7}" t1
7N}/ , ´< -1 : :p ,D/ -( -8; ,M81Cf 1C1 -( _ 7D/ -( b 7
5 pi ,1¬ ,71i2 70( 7}" t1 ,
: -& O.
*+j
51986 ,2¬ ,p>( ,MK< i,AY< ¦ :¦+ , N} N4 , (< -( b 8
455
! "# 8" 70:2N ,k !0"+ BX ,(< -( %21i , (< -( b 9
5 1956 2 , ¬5 OC ,±55i
70/;R 7^f6 7N}/ , M80 z -& :¦+ , ´6 BC , 7"}N ,(< -( b 10
19565 Hf
70/;R mN} i , \0(< )0H(4 : ¦+ , if 7E£ N$ -/ mWNf , (< -( b 11
5 1982 2¬ , p>(, ´8" N} i , Hf , \ N} i
5 1985 , 2¬ , Hf , i , :¤/ & : ¦+ , B> 7" , (< -( b 12
5 1987 1¬ , !g/i , }E i , 71 %2 : ¦+ , "O; , r# U -( b 13
: !0f£ 7;i , ÂO2 BWX N$ , 0: U -( =O; 72¢ , 0: U -( b 14
5 1993 , 1¬ %8 ,p>( , 70^f6 mN} 7;¤/ , z ² if : 0" !" ff¼ & / X , g m+} i I O =6 , -1 B0 , >y< -( b 15
5 pi , ¬i , Hf 7ZE 8 xz" / 7Ww i , :S \( I2 ²
:µ !0f£ , %8 , p>( b i i , Z& -( k %21i , Z& -( k b 16
51979 , 3¬ , )Z: |;21
b Hf , 70/;R mN} i , if 7E£ N$ -/ mWNf , \0(< )0H(4 b 16
51982, 2¬ ,p>(
=0 i , \2PE 8& : )1f+ µ , r< "Z , \A %21i , \A b 17
5 pi , p>(
i ,Z8 )0" : 7+ , r< BC , U i< 1+, r$ , %L"$( b 18
5 1959 , 2¬ , / ,
K 2Y -( Hz : µ !0f£ x , i( -( g( %21i , i( -( g( b 19
2007 , ¬i , OC , 7^f6
456
! "# ,\2 -1 : &µ X , r< BC , i( -( g( %21i , i( -( g( C 20
5 1998 , 1¬ , p>( , 8 7z" r 7N}/ i
H2 M8& -& : )1f+ , ´ZN 7"& , ² -( -( 2( , ´ZN b 21
19815 , ¬i , :2+ , 00 , N}" 70( MZ:# 7N}/ xS , %H : !0f£ , x( BC , 0N %0 , È& b 22
1998 , 7 ¬ , Hf , MZ:# 7N}/ , 1960 , 2¬ ,(
P:!0"+ , >E+ , MS20 -1 rD ¸ ² -( -1 rD b 23
5 pi , ¬i , 0$+ , r2:N; , %; 7N}/ , D2 Ø
5 1981 , ¬i , p>( , i i , MOz )+& %21i , MOz )+& b 24
7D2# -( m0 : !0f£ )1f+, B(i< ±À B" ±*8/ , M8DSf K& b 25
5 1981, 2¬, %8 , p>( , M/;R i
3¬,
Hf , i,%H : !0f£ , : * , C& -( b 26
5 1971
: X g/2H mN$ &µ , \:< 9(y -( %& %21i , 9(y -( %& b 27
5 1994 , 2¬ , %8 , p>( 70" mN} i , 8*/. 5
ff& -1C0 p1q -1K p1 , ?:< 0; -( V;2/ -( ¸ - 2( b 28
¬i , & S :D \( ² ² 0Z /& \0(< )0H(4 0" !" 5 1955
¬5i , / 71># 7z , < 71q i< 7:CP , ¸ }( 2( -1 Mf+ , \2 b 29
51394
:;*^ g/2H x X , ´6 BC , U %21i µ , \C1N m0z# b 30
5 1994 , 2¬ , p>( , U N} i ;< MD
457
! "# -& ´ : !0f£ , I2f t. I I} N$, \C1N m0z# b 31
5 1994 , 3¬ , Hf( MZ:# 7N}/
p>( i i , k %&4 : !0f£ , %/C B8( B:< %0< p0^ ,%}"P -( b 32
5 pi , ¬i , %8
-/ )H -, /. ( 1+ I # 4N %21i, - , %"P -( b33
$K =0*;:7D/, iY =0"P:k*E §2 x -N Å , $< %g \v
5 2001 , 2000 ,¬i %8 , p>( , x1K2N 8 7z" }E i
2¬ , %8"+>( , 7^ i , kLS
²: &µ ( V8N , B8# %21i , B8# b 34
5 2004
l6 BC,70/;R p; @2" =0^ T" C$/ , Y( ?Y -1 >P b 35
5 2002 , 1 ¬
71>/< 7z/ , 12; , x0Z" )" i =H Y I z , 70&i -( b 36
5 1987 , 1¬ 8 7A p;" kS i , 71 %2 :!0f£
61i& ± P ff & , B8 >; , %L6 -( ² -( -1 Y , MHG b 37
%8 , p>( , x1K2N 8 7z" 7; 7;¤/ , ¬»:< m0Y : 0" !" 5 134¹19 , 1984 , 1 ¬
r< BC Ff: (i g -; I ,- ¸ 2( , ´>f !0Y -( b 38
2001 , 1¬ p>( , 0 , 71 7N} , \8H 0 :!0f£
¬i , p>( 7^f6 i , k %&4: ² , ?8" I %21i , ?8" I b 39
5 1960
%&4: X , mq -( U , ?8" I %21i , I b 40
5 1983 , 2¬, Hf p>( ,© i , k
458
! "# x1K2N 8" =0 i , x pf" µ , ² -( 2( , ´KC b 41
5 pi , ¬i , %8 , p>( , *YR
Hf 8 7z" / 7Ww , )0s ¸: ¦+ , %21 7/f/ , %1K -( b 42
5 1957, ¬i
%8 p>( , 8 7z" 70( 7W*8 i , Bg pfS , M ; -( b 43
5 1968 , ¬i , U @A 8" 70/ 78Z" i4
B0&4 i , VEz/ M$+ ¬»:< ² : B8N !0f£ ,p0^2( I2 , \E b 44
5 2000 , 1¬ , %8 , p>( , U @A
: -( C1C :!0f£ ,g 0 , ² -( - 2( , \2" SS -( b 45
5 2005, !g/i , N} i£ p2g8/ , x:
i , %& i2/ : ¦+ rf TE rf T; , &2 , 2z -( b 46
19955 , ¬i , M/;R !"¼ F X Z( ´ i , Hf( ´ 7z/ , 7q À , ´D Hf b 47
5 pi , ¬i , $Y i2 : 0"
7^f6 i , k %&4 : ¦+ , , x( BC , 7"}N =1G : ·$ T b 48
51973 , 1¬ , ki BC %8 , p>(
k %&4 7E18( : ¦+ , , x( BC , 7"}N =1G : ·$ T b 49
51964 , ¬i , %8 , p>( 7^f6 i
70" mN} i p2g8/ , P 0j"+ I mZ ,·$ ¸ &2 b50
5 1998, 1¬ , %8 , p>(
¦( : !0f£ 71Z( 7( 7O I BL" -/ ~ -, 0^
. 71 %28 , ² M81 b 51
19705 ,OC , x1K2N 8" 708S2 7$ ,:2(
459
! "# p>( i i , k %&4 : ¦+ , m0S :< -q -/ m0z ¦E: , \f b 52
589¹2 , 1988, pi
b -1&2 )X b . :( U
70" mN} i , 2^ ¸ : ¼X z &µ , ©iKE %21i , ©iKE b 55
5 1987 , 1¬, %8 , p>(
D )0 -& : X , Bg g , )"/ -( 2( ,70NX -( b 56
5 1986 ,2¬ , %8 p>( , 2" B0&4 i , %1 )8 :;*^
8 xz" MZ:# 7N}/ , VEz/ rL$ : ¦+ ,g f: , ±E 2( ,ED -( 7/X b 57
5 1978 , 3¬ ,
Hf , x1K2N
51958, ¬i , i( , ´X# ¸ : !0f£ , < 71w , \8gf"f b 58
0 -1 M : ¦+ , ´6 BC , p0^2 p2^ , $Y -( , MN} b 60
5 1974 , p>( , 7^f6 i
7$ %8 :!0f£ , 7S:q P I 7S&R , m0z# -( -1 % b 61
5 1977 , 1¬ , x( "Z , Hf , 8 7z" 71
5 1983 , ¬i , p>( , 8 7z" p>( i , M8N %21i , M8N b 62
1 ¬ , %8 p>( , U }E i , M/Y MÁ : !0"+ , M8N %21i µ M8N b 63
1997
0; :¦+ , P 0j"+ I mZ , ¸ -( &2 , ·$ b 64
19635, Hf , %1
460
! "# 8" 70:2N , ?12 m0 :¦+ , i -( N %21i , i -( N b 65
19755 , ¬i
7z" }E i , T/ -( 70E =0f -( µ , 0 -1 MÁ b 66
1974 , 6¬ , r< BC , x1K2N 8
r< BC , r6/< x¢ , \2(08 )0H(4 -( -( ² =WE 2( , ´0 b 67
5 2003 , ¬i p>( , 0 , 71 7N} , 0 -1 M : !0f£
i , )0H(4 =WE 2( : !0f£ ,´0(G 7(8 %21i , ´0(G 7(8 b 68
5 pi , 2¬ , Hf
p>( U N} i , MN : 8&: µ , ´0(G 7(8 %21i , ´0(G 7(8 b 69
2004 , ¬i , %8
=0 i , MD2*X =0"P )0"; : ;*^ &µ ff& , k2: U %21i , k2: 2( b70
5 2003, ¬i , %8 , p>(
: \~, : 9
5 pi , ¬i , / 7Ww 7z/ , 712" p2< , 0: )0H(4 b 71
19885 , 6¬ , Hf , 71 2"Z:< 7N}/ ,g Vf0;2/ , 0: )0H(4 b 72
5 1994 10 ¬ , Hf( 71 7W*8 7N}/ , Ui< f8 r2 , m1g ² b 73
¬i %L © i , z( |O2z , ?:< i< 1+ , k %&4 b 75
5 1997
5 1983 3¬,p>( , 7^f6 i , 8 Ui< f8 1+ , k %&4 b76
, 708E 7022 H1WX , :< I ¦1 0X , Z: i2 µ b 77
20035, 1¬ , / , 8 7z 0: B^2 i ,|O2z
461
! "# u M N}" D , ?:< g I p , = ² , 0 %L14 b 78
5 2006 , 1¬ , x1K2N 8" l1 mN}
2"Z:< 7N}/ H0"f+ 70(i< rL< }N( I 7;i b 70(i< pXÔ ,7:S \( b 79
5 1975 , 4¬ , Hf , 71
M^ i , D , x1K2N 8 8 i , 70( 7q )Z/ , 7:S \( b 80
5 1988 , 3¬ , t1 , x1K2N 8 7z
:( , 8 7z"
19135 / , r 7z/ ,l6 BC , 70( 7" i 1+ , %1K MDD b 82
5 pi ,¬i , z8S , g 7z/ , ?:< i( =0 i, r< Þ I 70( 0f 7/f/ , %2z & b 84
5 1981
V0 x , ´>f \" "m =0 1 " 0X p/ , ´>f \ b 85
5 1921, ¬i , %8 , r 7z/ , ´8" 2" 8};
M" I I} , MO8f m0Y -( i -( ² k 2( -1 *Y , Ç2# b 86
Hf , 7081 7^f6 7N}/ , i2f i2f : !0f£ , I2f t
2006 , 1¬
OC ,7"0"/ , i , 70( 0f I M8E B8 2z+ , 7/; -( , M( b 87
20065 , ¬5i
1ZN B0&R r2< ( \2/< 71w VN& 0X : mH , 70/ b 88
5 1981 , ¬i , !g/i , M/2f iYR 7^f6 K p2g8/
7z/ 70E 71i2 N 1+ \22" )0H(4 -( 2( , ·$C b 89
5 bH 1289 , 1¬ , 70:2N 7
462
! "# 71 7{0 b 70" 7^/ ±N:R 7 b U g f14 t ,\ 0; b 90
5 1993 N}" 7/
1968 1¬ 7^ i , 70" 7;i / , U g Vf0;2/ , i0 \}Y b91
5 p i 8 ¬ ,( i b ¸H b U i< 1+ , |0 MX2Y b 92
5 1980 2¬ , p>(, 1 N} i , Ç2: =O; , Z8 -1 b 93
Hf i , 7E"E 1N i( , 7^f6 i , 8 Ui< f8 1+ , k %&4 b 95
r< BC , 3¬ , 912} , *N8 Y 34 Y , m0z b 96
Ui< \i8 , 71f: 70+ 7;i , 71g p , =0L;4 -² b 975 1989
5 1994 , ¬i D
1960,p>(1963 , ¬i,p>(, i2 i,i¾ ?E8 >EN,=0L;4 -1 C b98
¬i ,718};R( g8/ , g I BX , 71g p0" ,V0 \K2^ b99
5 1977
8 7z 0: B^2 i, -1&2 I ?:< g , V0 \K2^ b 100
20075 , 1¬ ,/ , 718};R
vg ¦+ , 70E 7 Úi/ I 70;E , M80z8f GE8f -( b 101
5 1968 , :2+ , 8" 70:2N M$A 0Z
¬i ,%8 p>( , 70( 7W*8 i , :< I U i< , !0N C1C b 102
5 1974
7z" 70( 7W*8 i , U g I ´D2 Fn , Åf if b 103
5 1981 , 2¬ ,8
463
! "# 2 I 7;i , \Z ´6 %f P VN& U g I 2 , =z ¸ b 104
5 1980 , 1¬ , x1K2N 8 7z" :( ,
i2 i ,U f8 I g 1WX , -² )0H(4 , b 107
1981
¬i , p>( M/;R i , 7( i I m0z 2( 2( , 7E18( b 108
5 pi
I Hi Þ0 *+ , 70E 78z" , \2z Þ b 109
5 1986 , ¬i , %8 , p>( , M/;R i M/;R
1975, ¬i , / , Hf , U }E i , ?:< i( , p2;2"
U If6 C$ , e Ç8N 70Z0+ A; _ \g z# =0"£ , NE/ b 111
5 1992 , 3 ¬ , , BW0 ¢ b 19135113 , 2¬ , } 70( mN} i , B" =O; , ¸ i$ b 112
5 pi , 3 ¬ , *NS / 7Ww 7N}/ , 1 %C0 I , 8/
iYR 7^f6 K p2g8/ , 708E 2 7; 7/f/ , I0 -& )0: b 114
5 1982 , ¬i , !g/i , M/2f
i 7:K2/ 71f: 7;i , ?:< g I p , \Z 2"; M$S :21 b 115
5 2008 , 1¬ , %8 , p>( , 70" mN}
464
! "# : k~, : Y

%8 p>( %µ: %8 7N}/ , H2z+ 70q p"z )Z/ , 2"z/ ² b 116
5 2007, 2¬
5 1984 2¬ , %8 , p>( , 1" )" i , Ui< )Z : 2D , 28 b 117
1¬ , / 0 7N}/ i , k2/f H2D -Q k ±+ :+/ , \0(C b 118
5 e/_ i/ bH1306
\i BC , % , Mf1^R \:< =WE 2( -1 r , 2s8/ -( b 119
b %8 , p>( , 9^21i'b ¦ i , ºf 0Y P:0Y2& !" : Å ,
20065 , 1¬ , BW0 26¬ %8 , p>( © i, < 7" I Z8 , Hf , 70( 7" x¢ b 120
5 1973
: ª, \~, : p;i >; , M8N :< BY x/ , eGarcia Gomez) l/2q 0;q b 121
5 1983 , 3¬ , / , Hf i , 70: p;i , M}/ ² Hz : m1+
: )e :7 :;<a, : 1)o
p*81 :S 0N( V8N , %( -(n % -( 0X µ , %( -( b 122
e / , |1 HK< pS2z«: ¬2zj / , 310465 :7j8 )X ¬2z«_\Ki
5bH1846%0 , 8N# -12P< 7z/
b ¬2z« b F2N$i 7&S , :< I 70/;R 78 i , 7/; -( M( b 123
5 1992 b 1991 , OC 7/D
465
! "# 7&S , 12; !g/i 7/D b (i +0& b ?8" (< -( , rCq %: b 124
1998 b 1997 , e¬2z«_ , F2N$i
pS2z« xX2/ , =0 Vf"/ N$, \ %L0"; -( -( ² B 2( b 125
i ¹ 325592 : 7j8 )X , 1304 , ( 7:Z8N}( 7j: -/ =f: , HK< 7N}/
e ¬2z«_
7/D 1Z ki /# :f I :( ,70}1/< 7/ , m1i< ?:< (< -( , D>HK ,H/ b 127
5 1983 %1C& , ¬2z« ,F2N$i
: :8
:mU, : ?&?
i555557^ 7"¢ ,¸H g 7;i I \208( Â*8/ 2: , rL$ , m1i 2( b 128
19785,195
7{0 r2^ 7"¢ , MJ :7+ , 0f I eGilder Vanne_ %^ "0D b 129
51986 , ´6 i ki "Z N}" 7/ 71
e rf/ _ 70"H I 71i2D2 , eWalter Braouna, A^ , 7:( b 130
5 1963 ,%1C& x( i , 70:6 78 , 712 7^ 7"¢
:2+ *YR 8 7z" 7( 7z/ , 70: p;i 7"¢ , 7j0Y 7 b 131
19895,´6 i
7^f6" M8S2 "Z b 7"¢ b 7^ u , 8 )" z# 7q( , =W^ b 132
5 1992 ,164 i , 912} , i¶ %28E
b 7"¢ b %0;i %/21, ?:< ?8" (< -( rL I BX , \1 VEz/ b 133
2002,, D , 70::R 2" i¶ 70"$ p2g8/
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Summary in English
The aim of this research is to study the poetry of the poet
“Ibn al-Abbar al Alcodai” in order to show its characters,
intellectual and technical structures, so that we can add, at
least, a brick to the tower of the previous studies. To fulfill this
goal we should answer the problematic question which
consists of: How did “Ibn Al Abar” build his topics? In which
way did he transmit his experience as a poet? How did he
represent the historical tensioned actuality in which he lived
with poetry during both Andalusia and African eras as
mentioned in his collection, however his main field was history
and translations? How did he succeed to be creative while he
was under exile in one hand, and busy with official missions
beside the rulers and politicians in the other hand? To which
limit he became famous during that era, although what was
written about him? To what extent did his end become tragic,
even so he was the servant man of the rulers who took away
his soul later on, and who burnt his books?
My choice of this topic which is marked as: the poem
building in Ibn Al Abar Al Alcodai poetry (595A.im658A.im) is not on purpose of the research necessity only, but
it is also due to my interest in Andalusia literature in general,
and ingenuity of Andalusia’s people in all domains
specifically, since my bachelor’s degree studies where I had a
look at this literature and to its development phases, its
characteristics and its relationship with the oriental literature.
And what made me insist more on this choice is to know more
bc‫א‬/)a`D‫א‬
about the life of this Balansiya’s poet “Ibn Al Abar” and to
learn also about his tragedy with Hafsids who signed for his
death certificate with spears, so that he will never appear over
them again, in addition to read his diverse, profuse poems,
and to read as well some researches which are concerned
with this encyclopedic personality.
From this came my desire to study his poems, with the
circumstances which led to a tragic end of a man of science,
literature and history. Perhaps, for more familiarity about the
topic and about the plentiful creativity which was the
consequence of certain conditions during sixty three years
contained in a collection of four hundred ninety six (496)
pages, to reach this target ,this research is planned in: two
rubrics under which there are four chapters ,then the
conclusion with indexes of Quran verses, Hadith and other
translations, in addition to the sources and approved
references as well, finally the index of topics.
I took in the first rubric different purposes of “Ibn Al Abar”
poetry; they are distributed in four chapters through praise,
appeal, propitiation then description and flirtation with other
purposes3
Moreover the second rubric is allocated to the technical
structure of the poems, I divided it into four chapters in which
come-respectively- many topics such as: the structure of the
poem, the hypertextuality , then comes the image and the
rhythm at the end.
To detect the text structure, this research is reclined on
more than one method, so, I sought help from, firstly, the
historical approach in order to know the historical
hypothalamus of the blogger and to stand-especially-on the
bc‫א‬/)a`D‫א‬
conditions and occasions of some political texts that make the
distinctions in the poet’s life which was not normal.
Secondly, the political approach; in order to detect about
the aesthetics creative text through technical structures as a
creator reference to form its images and harmony; Thirdly, the
statistical approach, in which there is a dominance of an aim
over another, and the recurrence of specific, harmonic pieces,
besides the predominance of one another in order to interpret
them, consequently to know what do they consist of! I found
help when going back to the essential references and sources
that dealt with the biography of the poet independently, some
suggested one side whereas others suggested many sides of
this latter’s poems and life. Finally-Praise the Lord- this
research reached many results such as:
-The rareness of praise in the poet’s poems is due to his
preoccupation with studying and writing in Valencia
rulers palaces, however in Tunisia it wasn’t the case
because of his need to be near the Hafsids Sultans
since he was a new comer there.
- -the descent of the poet “Ibn Al Abar” from his vanity
and arrogance to maintain his status near the rulers.
- -the diversity of the poet’s purposes and the multiplicity
of events with variation and length.
- - The poet wrote two famous poems in scream purpose
“siniah” and “hamziah”, they are the same in length,
appropriateness and purpose.
- - The initiation with flirtation onset in his long poems.
- - The rareness of description, complaint, wisdom and
other arts.
- - The revolution against the
- - The quotation from Quran and Sunnah by the poet is
due to his religious background and education.
bc‫א‬/)a`D‫א‬
Modulating by the poet represents the big acquaintance
of the ancient heritage.
- - The poet’s expressions and inspirations of the historical
events and figures show his consciousness and good
presentation.
- - The multi kinds of images used by “Ibn Al Abar” are
direct, imaginable, psychological and symbolic ones.
- - The contribution of the rhythmic phenomena in
transferring experiences and feelings to the recipient

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