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Multiplication Practice Sheets: Grade 4
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Multiplication Practice Sheets – Grade 4
Week after week…month after month. Multiplication just never seems to end for
fourth graders! Looking for a way out? Don’t bother – you’re trapped. The only
thing you can do is keep plowing ahead. If you keep practicing and building a
strong foundation now, you’ll be ready to tackle division and more complicated
concepts later on.
Use these multiplication worksheets to reinforce what you’re learning in class, to
prep for standardized tests, or to keep your math mind in gear during the
summer. But before you jump in, take a look at the “Math Hints and Reminders”
sheets. You may want to refer to these pages and their tips as you go through
the worksheets.
Table of Contents
Multiplication Concepts and Facts
Math Hints and Reminders
Reviewing the Meaning of Multiplication
Exploring Patterns in Multiplying by 0, 1, 2, 5, and 9
Multiplying with 3 and 4 as Factors
Multiplying with 6, 7, and 8 as Factors
Exploring Patterns in Multiples of 10, 11, and 12
Exploring Factors
Multiplying by 1-Digit Factors
Math Hints and Reminders
Multiplying Tens
Multiplying Multiples of 10, 100, and 1,000
Estimating Products
Multiplying 2-Digit Numbers
Multiplying 3-Digit Numbers
Multiplying Money
Mental Math: Special Products
Multiplying 3 Factors
Multiplying by 2-Digit Factors
Math Hints and Reminders
Multiplying Multiples of 10
Estimating Products
Multiplying by Multiples of 10
Multiplying with 2-Digit Factors
Estimating Greater Products
Choosing a Calculation Method
Multiplying Money
© 2000-2003 Family Education Network, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Math Hints and Reminders: Multiplication Concepts and Facts
Reviewing the Meaning of Multiplication
When you’re putting together equal numbers, you can use addition or
multiplication: Adding four 6s (6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 24) is the same as multiplying 4 x 6
= 24, except multiplication is quicker! Here’s a little multiplication vocab to get
you started:
Factors
Product
Place
value
Multiple
Numbers that are multiplied together to get a product
The number you get after multiplying factors – in other words, the answer!
The value given to a digit’s place in a number: 423 = 4 hundreds, 2 tens, 3
ones
The product of a given number and any other number:
6 x 2 = 12
6 x 3 = 18 PXOWLSOHVRI
There’s no trick to memorizing your multiplication facts. You just have to do it.
Flash cards can help. Once you have the facts down, multiplying 2-digit and 3digit numbers is just a matter of adding a few steps onto what you already know.
Exploring Patterns in Multiplying by 0, 1, 2, 5, and 9
Identifying patterns can help you learn your multiplication facts, and it will help
you with division later on. Here are a few patterns and properties that you should
memorize, if you haven’t already:
Order
Property
Zero
Property
One
Property
Multiples
of 2
Multiples
of 5
Multiples
of 9
Two numbers can be multiplied in any order: 3 x 4 = 4 x 3
The product of 0 and any number is 0: 0 x 3 = 0
The product of 1 and any number (except 0) is that number: 1 x 3 = 3
End in 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8
End in 0 or 5
The sum of the digits is nine. And the digit in the tens place of the product
is one less than the other factor.
Multiplying with 3 and 4 as Factors
You can use what you know about multiplying by 0, 1, and 2 – and a little bit of
addition – to help you multiply by 3 or 4.
You can use a 2s fact plus a 1s fact to find
any multiple of 3. To find 3 x 7, multiply:
2 x 7 = 14
1x7= 7
Then add: 14 + 7 = 21
You can double a 2s fact to find any
multiple of 4. To find 4 x 6, multiply:
2 x 6 = 12
2 x 6 = 12
Then add: 12 + 12 = 24.
© 2000-2003 Family Education Network, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Multiplying with 6, 7, and 8 as Factors
You can use what you know about multiplying 2, 3, 4, and 5 – and a little bit of
addition – to help you multiply by 6, 7, and 8.
You can double a 3s fact to You can use a 5s fact plus
find any multiple of 6. To
a 2s fact to find any multiple
find 6 x 9, multiply:
of 7. To find 7 x 4, multiply:
You can double a 4s fact to
find any multiple of 8. To
find 8 x 8, multiply:
3 x 9 = 27
3 x 9 = 27
5 x 4 = 20
2x4=8
4 x 8 = 32
4 x 8 = 32
Then add: 27 + 27 = 54
Then add: 20 + 8 = 28
Then add: 32 + 32 = 64
Exploring Patterns in Multiples of 10, 11, and 12
Here’s how to find the multiples of 10, 11, and 12:
Multiples of 10
To multiply a number by 10,
add a 0 to the end of the
number being multiplied by
10.
10 x 4 = 40
10 x 5 = 50
10 x 6 = 60
10 x 7 = 70
Multiples of 11
To multiply a number less
than 10 by 11, write the
number being multiplied by
11 in the tens place and the
ones place.
Multiples of 12
To multiply a number by
12, find the multiple of 10,
and then add twice the
number. To find 12 x 4,
multiply:
11 x 3 = 33
11 x 4 = 44
11 x 5 = 55
10 x 4 = 40
2x4= 8
40 + 8 = 48
Exploring Factors
Factors are numbers that go into other numbers evenly, without a remainder. A
“prime number” is a whole number that is greater than 1 and has only two
factors, 1 and itself: 2, 3, 5, 7, etc. A “composite number” is a whole number
that’s greater than 1 and has at least three factors: 4, 6, 8, 9, etc. To figure out
whether a number is prime or composite, systematically check it. Ask yourself: Is
there a 2s fact that has this number as a product? A 3s fact? A 4s fact?…
© 2000-2003 Family Education Network, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Name _________________________________________________
Reviewing the Meaning of Multiplication
Complete each number sentence.
1.
a.
1
5
b.
3
5
a.
1
1
b.
3
5
a.
1
1
b.
3
5
a.
1
1
b.
3
5
2.
1
5
3.
5
4.
1
5
5. Draw two different pictures to show 2 3 5.
6. Can you use multiplication to find 7 1 7 1 7? Explain.
© Pearson Education
Answer Key
Reviewing the Meaning of Multiplication
Complete each number sentence.
1.
a.
b.
9
2
1
3
3
1
5
3
1
6
4
1
3
9
9
5
3
4
1
5
5
1
6
6
1
5
18
18
2.
a.
b.
3
5
3
12
1
3
5
15
5
15
6
24
1
6
5
12
5
24
3.
a.
b.
3
5
4.
a.
b.
3
5
5. Draw two different pictures to show 2 3 5.
6. Can you use multiplication to find 7 1 7 1 7? Explain.
Yes. 3 equal groups of 7 are 3 3 7 5 21.
© Pearson Education
Name _________________________________________________
Exploring Patterns in Multiplying
by 0, 1, 2, 5, and 9
Complete.
1. Multiples of 2 end in
2. Multiples of 5 end in
,
,
or
,
, or
.
3. Describe the pattern that multiples of 9 follow.
4. Does 4 3 5 5 5 3 4? Explain.
Find each product.
5. 2 3 4 5
6. 5 3 3 5
7. 5 3 9 5
8. 9 3 3 5
9. 4 3 5 5
10. 5 3 6 5
11. 9 3 6 5
12. 2 3 6 5
13. 0 3 1 5
14. 4 3 1 5
15. 9 3 95
16. 7 3 5 5
17. 2 3 8 5
18. 1 3 5 5
19. 4 3 9 5
20. 5 3 5 5
21. 8 3 0 5
22. 7 3 2 5
23. 2 3 0 5
24. 9 3 2 5
25. 3 3 2 5
26. 9 3 1 5
27. 2 3 5 5
28. 9 3 8 5
29. Find the product of 5 and 5.
30. Find the product of 7 and 9.
31. Which is greater, 3 3 5 or 2 3 6? Explain.
32. Which is less, 5 3 8 or 4 3 9? Explain.
© Pearson Education
.
Answer Key
Exploring Patterns in Multiplying
by 0, 1, 2, 5, and 9
Complete.
1. Multiples of 2 end in
2. Multiples of 5 end in
0
0
2
,
5
or
4
,
,
6
, or
8
.
.
3. Describe the pattern that multiples of 9 follow.
Possible answers: The sum of the digits is always 9. The
tens digit is 1 less than the other factor.
4. Does 4 3 5 5 5 3 4? Explain.
Yes: The Order Property states that two numbers can
be multiplied in any order.
Find each product.
5. 2 3 4 5
8. 9 3 3 5
11. 9 3 6 5
14. 4 3 1 5
17. 2 3 8 5
20. 5 3 5 5
23. 2 3 0 5
26. 9 3 1 5
8
27
54
4
16
25
0
9
6. 5 3 3 5
9. 4 3 5 5
12. 2 3 6 5
15. 9 3 95
18. 1 3 5 5
21. 8 3 0 5
24. 9 3 2 5
27. 2 3 5 5
29. Find the product of 5 and 5.
30. Find the product of 7 and 9.
15
20
12
81
5
0
18
10
25
63
31. Which is greater, 3 3 5 or 2 3 6? Explain.
3 3 5; 3 3 5 5 15 and 2 3 6 5 12
32. Which is less, 5 3 8 or 4 3 9? Explain.
4 3 9; 4 3 9 5 36 and 5 3 8 5 40
© Pearson Education
7. 5 3 9 5
10. 5 3 6 5
13. 0 3 1 5
16. 7 3 5 5
19. 4 3 9 5
22. 7 3 2 5
25. 3 3 2 5
28. 9 3 8 5
45
30
0
35
36
14
6
72
Name _________________________________________________
Multiplying with 3 and 4 as Factors
Find each product.
1.
3
2.
31
5.
9.
5
33
6.
7
10.
33
13.
17.
14.
3
18.
4.
3
33
6
34
7.
8
11.
34
4
39
31
3.
4
32
4
37
8.
3
12.
32
3
38
15.
4
19.
31
3
36
5
34
3
34
4
34
16.
4
20.
38
9
33
3
35
21. 6 3 4 5
22. 4 3 3 5
23. 5 3 7 5
24. 7 3 3 5
25. 0 3 3 5
26. 1 3 4 5
27. Find the product of 4 and 7.
28. Find the product of 9 and 3.
29. Find the product of 8 and 3.
30. Find the product of 4 and 6.
31. To multiply 8 by 3, you can find the product of 2 and 8
and the product of 1 and 8 and
them.
32. To multiply 4 by 7, you can find the product of 5 and 7
and __________ the product of 1 and 7.
© Pearson Education
Answer Key
Multiplying with 3 and 4 as Factors
Find each product.
1.
5.
2.
3
13.
3
33
36
3
8
9
18
6.
5
33
7
7.
6
34
24
10.
8
8.
4
37
28
11.
3
5
34
20
12.
3
33
34
32
34
21
32
6
12
4
39
14.
36
17.
4.
3
32
15
9.
3.
4
31
3
3
38
15.
24
18.
4
4
34
16.
16
19.
4
9
33
27
20.
3
31
31
38
35
3
4
32
15
21. 6 3 4 5
24. 7 3 3 5
24
21
12
0
22. 4 3 3 5
25. 0 3 3 5
27. Find the product of 4 and 7.
28. Find the product of 9 and 3.
29. Find the product of 8 and 3.
30. Find the product of 4 and 6.
23. 5 3 7 5
26. 1 3 4 5
28
27
24
24
31. To multiply 8 by 3, you can find the product of 2 and 8
and the product of 1 and 8 and
add
them.
32. To multiply 4 by 7, you can find the product of 5 and 7
subtract the product of 1 and 7.
and ____________
© Pearson Education
35
4
Name _________________________________________________
Multiplying with 6, 7, and 8 as Factors
Find each product.
1. 73 3 5
2. 6 3 4 5
3. 8 3 6 5
4. 43 2 5
5. 8 3 7 5
6. 6 3 8 5
7. 8 3 3 5
8. 7 3 2 5
9. 4 3 1 5
10. 6 3 7 5
11. 8 3 9 5
12. 9 3 7 5
13. 7 3 7 5
14. 6 3 3 5
15. 6 3 6 5
16. 8 3 8 5
17. 5 3 6 5
18. 6 3 9 5
19.
6
33
20.
3
38
21.
8
35
22.
4
36
23.
8
33
24.
7
34
25.
3
36
26.
2
37
27.
4
37
28.
2
36
29.
4
38
30.
8
36
32.
5
37
33.
7
38
34.
31.
35. Draw an array for 8 3 8 5 64. Explain why it makes
sense to call 64 a square number.
© Pearson Education
8
34
6
37
Answer Key
Multiplying with 6, 7, and 8 as Factors
Find each product.
1. 73 3 5
4. 43 2 5
7. 8 3 3 5
10. 6 3 7 5
13. 7 3 7 5
16. 8 3 8 5
19.
6
33
21
8
24
42
49
64
20.
18
23.
8
33
4
37
24.
8
36
48
8. 7 3 2 5
11. 8 3 9 5
14. 6 3 3 5
17. 5 3 6 5
3
38
21.
7
34
28.
2
36
25.
5
37
6. 6 3 8 5
9. 4 3 1 5
12. 9 3 7 5
15. 6 3 6 5
18. 6 3 9 5
22.
3
36
29.
4
38
24
26.
2
37
14
30.
8
34
32
33.
35
7
38
32
34.
6
37
56
35. Draw an array for 8 3 8 5 64. Explain why it makes
sense to call 64 a square number. Check students’
The array is a square; 8 3 8
48
48
4
63
36
54
4
36
18
12
32.
8
35
3. 8 3 6 5
40
28
28
31.
5. 8 3 7 5
24
24
27.
24
56
14
72
18
30
2. 6 3 4 5
42
drawings.
Name _________________________________________________
Exploring Patterns in Multiples
of 10, 11, and 12
Complete.
1. Multiples of 10 end in
.
2. Describe the pattern that multiples of 11 follow.
3. Multiples of 12 end in
,
,
,
or
.
Find each product.
4. 10 3 2 5
5. 11 3 7 5
6. 10 3 6 5
7. 5 3 10 5
8. 4 3 11 5
9. 12 3 7 5
10. 10 3 3 5
11. 12 3 6 5
12. 10 3 7 5
13. 11 3 3 5
14. 3 3 12 5
15. 2 3 11 5
16. 10 3 11 5
17. 4 3 12 5
18. 9 3 11 5
19. 12 3 5 5
20. 11 3 11 5
21. 11 3 8 5
22. 12 3 12 5
23. 2 3 12 5
24. 10 3 5 5
25. How can you use the fact 11 3 6 5 66 to solve 11 3 7?
26. If you have 4 dozen bagels, how many bagels do you have?
Explain.
27. Sophie has 6 jelly beans. Ted has 10 times as many.
How many jelly beans does Ted have? Explain.
© Pearson Education
Answer Key
Exploring Patterns in Multiples
of 10, 11, and 12
Complete.
0
1. Multiples of 10 end in
.
2. Describe the pattern that multiples of 11 follow.
Possible answer: The ones digit increases by 1 each time.
3. Multiples of 12 end in
0
,
2
,
4
,
6
or
8
.
Find each product.
4. 10 3 2 5
7. 5 3 10 5
10. 10 3 3 5
13. 11 3 3 5
16. 10 3 11 5
19. 12 3 5 5
22. 12 3 12 5
20
50
30
33
110
60
144
5. 11 3 7 5
8. 4 3 11 5
11. 12 3 6 5
14. 3 3 12 5
17. 4 3 12 5
20. 11 3 11 5
23. 2 3 12 5
77
44
72
36
48
121
24
6. 10 3 6 5
9. 12 3 7 5
12. 10 3 7 5
15. 2 3 11 5
18. 9 3 11 5
21. 11 3 8 5
24. 10 3 5 5
25. How can you use the fact 11 3 6 5 66 to solve 11 3 7?
Possible answer: Add 11 to 66 to get 77.
26. If you have 4 dozen bagels, how many bagels do you have?
Explain.
48: There are 12 bagels in a dozen. 4 3 12 5 48 bagels
27. Sophie has 6 jelly beans. Ted has 10 times as many.
How many jelly beans does Ted have? Explain.
60; 6 3 10 5 60
© Pearson Education
60
84
70
22
99
88
50
Name _________________________________________________
Exploring Factors
Write a definition for each term.
1. factor
2. prime
3. composite
Complete. Then list all the factors for each number.
4.
3
56
3
56
5.
3
58
3
58
6.
3
List all the factors for each number. You may draw
rectangles on grid paper to help you.
7. 14:
8. 32:
9. 23:
10. 18:
Write whether each number is prime or composite.
11. 15
12. 17
13. 13
14. 66
15. 63
16. 16
17. 14
18. 31
19. 51
Complete each list of prime numbers.
20. 3, 5, 7,
21. 31, 37, 39,
22. 23, 29, 31,
23. 7, 11, 13,
Complete each list of composite numbers.
24. 12, 14, 15,
25. 35, 36, 38,
26. 2, 4, 6,
27. 20, 21, 22,
© Pearson Education
3
59
59
Answer Key
Exploring Factors
Write a definition for each term.
A factor is a number that divides another number evenly.
A prime number has only 2 factors: itself and 1.
2. prime
3. composite A composite number has more than 2 factors.
1. factor
Complete. Then list all the factors for each number.
4.
1
3
6 56
3 2 56
1, 2, 3, 6
3
1
2
5.
8 58
3 4 58
1, 2, 4, 8
3
6.
1
3
9 59
3 3 59
1, 3, 9
3
List all the factors for each number. You may draw
rectangles on grid paper to help you.
1, 2, 7, 14
8. 32: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32
9. 23: 1, 23
10. 18: 1, 2, 3, 6, 9
7. 14:
Write whether each number is prime or composite.
11. 15
14. 66
17. 14
Composite
Composite
Composite
12. 17
15. 63
18. 31
Prime
Composite
Prime
13. 13
16. 16
19. 51
Prime
Composite
Prime
Complete each list of prime numbers.
11
37
20. 3, 5, 7,
22. 23, 29, 31,
,
,
13
39
21. 31, 37, 39,
23. 7, 11, 13,
41
17
,
,
43
19
Complete each list of composite numbers.
16
24. 12, 14, 15,
26. 2, 4, 6,
© Pearson Education
8
,
18
,
10
25. 35, 36, 38,
27. 20, 21, 22,
39
24
,
,
40
25
Math Hints and Reminders: Multiplying by 1-Digit Factors
Multiplying Tens
You probably already know the multiples of 10, right? (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, etc.)
Now, to multiply by these numbers, just use the basic multiplication facts that you
already know, and tack a zero onto the product: 7 x 60 = 420 or 7 x 6 tens = 42
tens.
Exploring Multiplication Patterns
Once you have a basic multiplication fact down, like 6 x
6 = 36, multiplying by tens, hundreds, and thousands is
just a matter of counting up the number of zeros in the
factors and tacking them onto the basic fact. Take a look
at the pattern:
6 x 6 = 36
6 x 60 = 360
6 x 600 = 3,600
6 x 6,000 = 36,000
6 x 60,000 = 360,000
Estimating Products
Some questions don’t require an exact answer. Sometimes an estimate will do!
To estimate answers for multiplication problems, first you need to “round” one of
the factors to a number that’s easy to work with – such as a number that ends in
zero. Then use your basic multiplication facts.
Here’s a tip to help you with rounding: Circle the leading digit in the number and
then underline the digit to its right. If the underlined digit is less than 5, round
down to the nearest ten or hundred. If the underlined digit is greater than or equal
to 5, round up to the nearest ten or hundred: 65 626 Multiplying 2-Digit Numbers
There are a couple of ways you can multiply by a 2-digit number. You can
“regroup,” or name a number in a different way: 13 ones = 1 ten and 3 ones. You
can also use “partial products”: Multiply the ones and record the product, multiply
the tens and record the product and add to reach an answer. Here’s how both
methods work:
To find 6 x 27 using regrouping…
Multiply the ones. Regroup.
4
27
x6
2
Multiply the tens. Add the extra tens.
4
6 x 7 = 42 ones
Regroup 42 ones as 4 tens and 2
ones.
27
x6
162
6 x 2 = 12 tens
12 + 4 = 16 tens
So… 6 x 27 = 162
© 2000-2003 Family Education Network, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
To find 2 x 26 using partial products…
Multiply the ones.
Multiply the tens.
26
x2
12
2 x 6 = 12 ones
26
x2
12
40
52
2 x 2 tens = 4 tens or 40
Add the products. So… 26 x 2 = 52
Multiplying 3-Digit Numbers
Seeing 3-digit numbers in a multiplication problem can be intimidating, but it’s
really not much harder than what you’ve already been doing. Whether you’re
multiplying with 2 digits or 3 digits, the rules are the same. You just have to follow
them one extra time!
Multiplying Money
Multiplying money is just like multiplying other numbers, but with an added twist!
When you’re done multiplying, you add a dollar sign to the left of the answer, and
a decimal point to the left of the tens place. Just how important is that little
decimal point? Well, what’s the difference between $5,070 and $50.70? About
$5,000… big difference!
Mental Math: Special Products
Mental math may sound like some strange telekinetic number game, but it’s
really just about multiplying numbers quickly, in your head. The key to multiplying
in your head is to break a problem down into numbers that are easy to work with,
such as numbers that end in zero.
Find 44 x 2
Find 98 x 3
Think of 44 as 40 + 4
Think of 98 as almost 100
40 x 2 = 80
and
4x2=8
100 x 3 = 300
80 + 8 = 88
Subtract 2 groups of 3
So… 44 x 2 = 88
So… 98 x 3 = 294
300 - 6 = 294
When you round up to reach a workable number, subtract in the next step. When
you round down, add in the next step.
Multiplying 3 Factors
When you’re multiplying 3 factors, the parentheses tell you which numbers to
multiply first. Keep in mind that changing the grouping of the numbers will not
change the product. When choosing which numbers to multiply first, your best
© 2000-2003 Family Education Network, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
bet (in most cases!) is to start off with the two least factors. This usually makes
multiplying the third factor a little simpler.
© 2000-2003 Family Education Network, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Name _________________________________________________
Multiplying Tens
Use a multiplication fact table to help you find each product.
1. 4 3 2 tens 5
tens
2. 6 3 3 tens 5
4 3 20 5
3. 3 3 7 tens 5
6 3 30 5
tens
4. 5 3 8 tens 5
3 3 70 5
5. 7 3 9 tens 5
tens
6. 2 3 8 tens 5
tens
2 3 80 5
tens
8. 8 3 7 tens 5
4 3 40 5
8 3 70 5
9. 9 3 80 5
10. 6 3 70 5
11. 3 3 80 5
12. 4 3 60 5
13. 6 3 50 5
14. 4 3 40 5
15. 8 31 0 5
16. 6 3 60 5
17. 9 3 20 5
18. 7 3 20 5
19. 7 3 50 5
20. 6 3 80 5
21. 9 3 10 5
22. 5 3 10 5
23. 3 3 70 5
24. 9 3 40 5
25. 3 3 60 5
26. 8 3 50 5
27. 8 3 70 5
28. 9 3 30 5
29. 9 3 60 5
30. 7 3 30 5
31. 3 3 90 5
32. 8 3 20 5
33. Can you use the same multiplication fact to find 3 3 60
and 2 3 90? Explain.
34. Can you use the same multiplication fact to find 4 3 60
and 6 3 40? Explain.
© Pearson Education
tens
5 3 80 5
7 3 90 5
7. 4 3 4 tens 5
tens
tens
Answer Key
Multiplying Tens
Use a multiplication fact table to help you find each product.
8
80
4 3 20 5
21
3. 3 3 7 tens 5
210
3 3 70 5
63
5. 7 3 9 tens 5
7 3 90 5 630
7. 4 3 4 tens 5
16
4 3 40 5
160
1. 4 3 2 tens 5
9. 9 3 80 5
12. 4 3 60 5
15. 8 31 0 5
720
240
tens
tens
tens
tens
18
6 3 30 5
180
4. 5 3 8 tens 5
40
5 3 80 5
400
6. 2 3 8 tens 5
16
2 3 80 5
160
8. 8 3 7 tens 5
56
8 3 70 5
560
2. 6 3 3 tens 5
tens
tens
tens
tens
10. 6 3 70 5
420
11. 3 3 80 5
13. 6 3 50 5
300
14. 4 3 40 5
240
160
16. 6 3 60 5
360
17. 9 3 20 5
180
18. 7 3 20 5
80
140
19. 7 3 50 5
20. 6 3 80 5
480
21. 9 3 10 5
90
22. 5 3 10 5
350
50
23. 3 3 70 5
24. 9 3 40 5
360
25. 3 3 60 5
180
26. 8 3 50 5
210
400
27. 8 3 70 5
560
28. 9 3 30 5
270
29. 9 3 60 5
540
30. 7 3 30 5
210
31. 3 3 90 5
270
32. 8 3 20 5
160
33. Can you use the same multiplication fact to find 3 3 60
and 2 3 90? Explain.
No. The multiplication facts are different, even though the
products are the same.
34. Can you use the same multiplication fact to find 4 3 60
and 6 3 40? Explain.
Yes. 6 x 4 and 4 x 6 both equal 24. So, 4 x 60 and 6 x 40 both
equal 240.
© Pearson Education
Name _____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mental Math: Multiplying Multiples
of 10, 100, and 1,000
1. 7 60
2. 6 300
3. 5 9,000
4. 3 4,000
5. 4 70
6. 9 80
7. 8 400
8. 8 5,000
9. 5 700
10. 7 9,000
11. 6 6,000
12. 3 9,000
Use the information in the table to solve Exercises 13 and 14.
13. If Mary can say 300 words in 1 minute,
how many words can she say in 5 minutes?
14. Both John and Sergio read aloud for
6 minutes. How many more words does
John read than Sergio?
Number of words
Person said in one minute
Anna
200
Mary
300
Sergio
400
John
600
15. Algebra Find the value of 5n if n 4,000.
16. Math Reasoning What happens to the product of 2 300
if both factors are tripled?
Test Prep Circle the correct letter for the answer.
17. When a number is multiplied by 8, the product
is 64,000. What is the number?
A 80
© Scott Foresman
B 800
C 8,000
D 80,000
Answer Key
Name _____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mental Math: Multiplying Multiples
of 10, 100, and 1,000
1. 7 60
420
5. 4 70
2. 6 300
3. 5 9,000
4. 3 4,000
1,800
45,000
12,000
6. 9 80
7. 8 400
8. 8 5,000
3,200
40,000
280
720
9. 5 700
10. 7 9,000
11. 6 6,000
12. 3 9,000
3,500
63,000
36,000
27,000
Use the information in the table to solve Exercises 13 and 14.
13. If Mary can say 300 words in 1 minute,
how many words can she say in 5 minutes?
1,500 words
14. Both John and Sergio read aloud for
6 minutes. How many more words does
John read than Sergio?
1,200 words
15. Algebra Find the value of 5n if n 4,000.
Number of words
Person said in one minute
Anna
200
Mary
300
Sergio
400
John
600
20,000
16. Math Reasoning What happens to the product of 2 300
if both factors are tripled?
The new product, 6 ⴛ 900 ⴝ 5,400, is 9 times
as great as the original product, 2 ⴛ 300 ⴝ 600.
Test Prep Circle the correct letter for the answer.
17. When a number is multiplied by 8, the product
is 64,000. What is the number?
A 80
© Scott Foresman
B 800
C 8,000
D 80,000
Name _____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Estimating Products
Round so you can estimate the product mentally.
1. 3 ⫻ 323
2. 2 ⫻ $19.63
3. 4,798 ⫻ 6
4. 7 ⫻ $7.35
5. 4 ⫻ $6.94
6. 3,052 ⫻ 8
7. Is 6,704 a reasonable answer for 856 ⫻ 9? Estimate by finding a range.
8. Is 14,949 a reasonable answer for 3 ⫻ 4,983? Estimate by finding
a range.
9. Math Reasoning In the number sentence 7 ⫻ 989,
when you round 989 up to 1,000, will your estimate be
more or less than the exact product? Explain.
Test Prep Circle the correct letter for each answer. Use the
information in the table to solve Exercises 10–11.
10. About how much laundry did the four
Laundry per Month
families wash in one month altogether?
A About 350 lb
C About 263 lb
B About 250 lb
D About 150 lb
Family
Numbers of
Pounds
Washington
46
11. Estimate how much more laundry the
Carver
37
Adams family did than the King family
in 3 months.
Adams
124
F About 480 lb
H About 120 lb
G About 204 lb
J About 80 lb
© Scott Foresman
King
56
Answer Key
Name _____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Estimating Products
Round so you can estimate the product mentally.
900
7 ⫻ $7.35 $49
1. 3 ⫻ 323
4.
$40
$28
5. 4 ⫻ $6.94
2. 2 ⫻ $19.63
3. 4,798 ⫻ 6
6. 3,052 ⫻ 8
30,000
24,000
7. Is 6,704 a reasonable answer for 856 ⫻ 9? Estimate by finding a range.
No; The answer must be between
900 ⴛ 9 ⴝ 8,100 and 800 ⴛ 9 ⴝ 7,200.
8. Is 14,949 a reasonable answer for 3 ⫻ 4,983? Estimate by finding
a range.
Yes; The answer must be between
3 ⴛ 5,000 ⴝ 15,000 and 3 ⴛ 4,000 ⴝ 12,000.
9. Math Reasoning In the number sentence 7 ⫻ 989,
when you round 989 up to 1,000, will your estimate be
more or less than the exact product? Explain.
More than; the rounded factor is greater
than the original factor.
Test Prep Circle the correct letter for each answer. Use the
information in the table to solve Exercises 10–11.
10. About how much laundry did the four
Laundry per Month
families wash in one month altogether?
A About 350 lb
C About 263 lb
B About 250 lb
D About 150 lb
Family
Numbers of
Pounds
Washington
46
11. Estimate how much more laundry the
Carver
37
Adams family did than the King family
in 3 months.
Adams
124
F About 480 lb
H About 120 lb
G About 204 lb
J About 80 lb
© Scott Foresman
King
56
Name _________________________________________________
Practice
5-5
Multiplying 2-Digit Numbers
Find each product. Estimate to check.
1.
94
8
2.
92
3 6
8.
3
7.
13. 8 6
3 9
32
7
3.
29
3 3
9.
3
14. 5 7
3 4
19. 27 3 6 5
37
4
4.
66
3 8
10.
3
93
5
5.
41
3 3
11.
3
15. 7 9
3 6
20. 81 3 7 5
16. 3 4
3 2
85
2
6.
80
3 7
12.
3
17. 3 3
3 2
3
56
3 7
18. 5 4
3 8
21. 47 3 2 5
22. Find the product of 5 and 59.
23. Find the product of 46 and 4.
24. Estimate to decide if the product of 72 and 5 is less than or
greater than 300.
25. Use estimation to find the greater product: 903 3 2 or 803 3 3.
© Pearson Education
46
8
Answer Key
Practice
5-5
Multiplying 2-Digit Numbers
Find each product. Estimate to check.
1.
3
94
8
2.
3
752
7.
92
3 6
32
7
3.
3
224
8.
29
3 3
4.
37
4
3
148
9.
66
3 8
93
5
5.
3
465
10.
41
3 3
85
2
6.
3
170
11.
80
3 7
46
8
368
12.
56
3 7
552
87
528
123
560
392
13. 8 6
3 9
14. 5 7
3 4
15. 7 9
3 6
16. 3 4
3 2
17. 3 3
3 2
18. 5 4
3 8
774
228
474
68
66
432
19. 27 3 6 5
162
20. 81 3 7 5
22. Find the product of 5 and 59.
295
23. Find the product of 46 and 4.
184
567
21. 47 3 2 5
24. Estimate to decide if the product of 72 and 5 is less than or
greater than 300.
Greater than
25. Use estimation to find the greater product: 903 3 2 or 803 3 3.
903 3 2 is about 900 3 2 5 1,800; 803 3 3 is about
800 3 3 5 2,400. 2,400 is the greater product.
© Pearson Education
94
Name _________________________________________________
Multiplying 3-Digit Numbers
Multiply.
1.
362
9
2.
547
7
3.
396
4
4.
5.
606
3
6
6.
421
3
3
7.
543
3
9
8.
729
3
5
9.
622
3
8
10.
304
3
8
11.
607
3
4
12.
705
3
9
13.
432
3
6
14.
804
3
7
15.
618
3
8
16. 5 6 8
3
7
17. 7 2 4
3
4
18. 3 6 5
3
9
19.
424
6
20. 2 3 3
3
5
21. 1 9 8
3
7
22. 6 3 1
3
3
23.
550
3
2
24. 8 7 5
3
8
3
3
3
25. 725 3 8 5
26. 7 3 953 5
27. 6 3 849 5
28. 4 3 666 5
29. Find the product of 6 and 707.
30. Find the product of 3 and 214.
31. Multiply 6 and 337.
32. Multiply 8 and 856.
© Pearson Education
3
3
457
8
Answer Key
Multiplying 3-Digit Numbers
Multiply.
1.
3
362
9
2.
3
3,258
5.
606
3
6
622
3
8
6.
421
3
3
432
3
6
10.
304
3
8
14.
804
3
7
5,628
17. 7 2 4
3
4
18. 3 6 5
3
9
2,896
3,285
21. 1 9 8
3
7
22. 6 3 1
3
3
1,386
1,893
27. 6 3 849 5
5,800
5,094
32. Multiply 8 and 856.
543
3
9
2,022
6,848
4.
3
11.
15.
607
3
4
8.
729
3
5
3,645
12.
705
3
9
2,428
6,345
618
3
8
16. 5 6 8
3
7
4,944
3,976
424
6
20. 2 3 3
3
5
2,544
1,165
550
3
2
24. 8 7 5
3
8
1,100
7,000
19.
3
23.
457
8
3,656
4,887
28. 4 3 666 5
30. Find the product of 3 and 214.
© Pearson Education
7.
26. 7 3 953 5
29. Find the product of 6 and 707.
31. Multiply 6 and 337.
396
4
1,584
2,432
2,592
25. 725 3 8 5
3
1,263
4,976
13.
3.
3,829
3,636
9.
547
7
4,242
642
6,671
2,664
Name _____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Multiplying with Money
1. $0.95
4
5. $0.79 8
2.
$64.22
2
6. $114.65 6
3.
$56.26
9
4.
$49.50
6
7. $4.37 9
8. $237.92 5
9. Andy bought 7 videos at the mall. Each video
cost $14.95. How much money did he spend?
10. Mental Math Find 6 x $300.00.
Use the table at the right for Exercises 11–13.
11. What would the total cost be to
make 3 of each item?
12. How much would you collect
Item
Cost to Make Selling Price
Hat
$2.75
$4.55
T-Shirt
$6.32
$14.10
Button
$0.58
$0.95
altogether if you sold 4 hats,
2 T-shirts, and 5 buttons?
13. Marie made $18 for making and then selling 10 of one of
the items shown in the table. Which item was she selling?
Test Prep Choose the correct letter for each answer.
14. Joe bought 6 plates for $5.99 each and 4 glasses for $6.50 each.
How much did he spend in all?
A $65.50
B $61.94
C $55.95
D $59.90
15. It costs you $3.75 to make a bird house. How much
money do you make if you sell 5 bird houses for $6.00 each?
F $30.00
© Scott Foresman
G $18.75
H $11.25
J $10.25
Answer Key
Name _____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Multiplying with Money
1. $0.95
4
$64.22
2
$3.80
$128.44
$506.34
6. $114.65 6
7. $4.37 9
2.
5. $0.79 8
$6.32
3.
$56.26
9
4.
$687.90
$297.00
$39.33
9. Andy bought 7 videos at the mall. Each video
$49.50
6
8. $237.92 5
$1,189.60
$104.65
$1,800.00
cost $14.95. How much money did he spend?
10. Mental Math Find 6 x $300.00.
Use the table at the right for Exercises 11–13.
11. What would the total cost be to
make 3 of each item?
$28.95
12. How much would you collect
Item
Cost to Make Selling Price
Hat
$2.75
$4.55
T-Shirt
$6.32
$14.10
Button
$0.58
$0.95
altogether if you sold 4 hats,
2 T-shirts, and 5 buttons?
$51.15
13. Marie made $18 for making and then selling 10 of one of
the items shown in the table. Which item was she selling?
hats
Test Prep Choose the correct letter for each answer.
14. Joe bought 6 plates for $5.99 each and 4 glasses for $6.50 each.
How much did he spend in all?
A $65.50
B $61.94
C $55.95
D $59.90
15. It costs you $3.75 to make a bird house. How much
money do you make if you sell 5 bird houses for $6.00 each?
F $30.00
© Scott Foresman
G $18.75
H $11.25
J $10.25
Name _________________________________________________
Mental Math: Special Products
Use mental math to find each product.
1. 36 3 4
2. 4 3 18
3. 22 3 8
4. 23 3 4
5. 8 3 42
6. 59 3 7
7. 74 3 3
8. 49 3 4
9. 68 3 4
10. 44 3 6
11. 55 3 8
12. 61 3 6
13. 43 3 6
14. 4 3 36
15. 54 3 8
16. 22 3 7
17. 6 3 49
18. 4 3 49
19. 45 3 4
20. 88 3 9
21. 4 3 34
22. 6 3 27
23. 49 3 4
24. 8 3 55
25. 43 3 5
26. 21 3 5
27. 8 3 88
28. 14 3 9
29. Find the product of 61 and 7 mentally.
30. Find the product of 78 and 3 mentally.
31. Multiply 5 and 89 mentally.
32. Describe how you would find the product of 65 and 5 mentally.
© Pearson Education
Answer Key
Mental Math: Special Products
Use mental math to find each product.
1. 36 3 4
144
2. 4 3 18
72
3. 22 3 8
176
4. 23 3 4
92
5. 8 3 42
336
6. 59 3 7
413
7. 74 3 3
222
8. 49 3 4
196
10. 44 3 6
264
9. 68 3 4
272
11. 55 3 8
440
12. 61 3 6
366
13. 43 3 6
258
14. 4 3 36
144
15. 54 3 8
432
16. 22 3 7
154
17. 6 3 49
294
18. 4 3 49
196
19. 45 3 4
180
20. 88 3 9
792
21. 4 3 34
136
22. 6 3 27
23. 49 3 4
196
24. 8 3 55
440
25. 43 3 5
215
26. 21 3 5
105
27. 8 3 88
704
28. 14 3 9
126
29. Find the product of 61 and 7 mentally.
427
30. Find the product of 78 and 3 mentally.
234
31. Multiply 5 and 89 mentally.
162
445
32. Describe how you would find the product of 65 and 5 mentally.
Possible answer: Think of 65 as 60 + 5. 60 x 5 = 300,
5 x 5 = 25, 300 + 25 =325
© Pearson Education
Name _________________________________________________
Multiplying 3 Factors
Find each product.
1. (3 3 8) 3 5 5
2. 7 3 (4 3 8) 5
3. (14 3 3) 3 6 5
4. 6 3 (3 3 6) 5
5. 7 3 (28 3 3) 5
6. (15 3 2) 3 4 5
7. 5 3 (7 3 7) 5
8. 3 3 (81 3 3) 5
9. (25 3 5) 3 4 5
10. (2 3 6) 3 9 5
Find each product.
11. 16 3 4 3 7
12. 9 3 7 3 13
13. 5 3 8 3 7
14. 4 3 12 3 3
15. 24 3 2 3 5
16. 6 3 7 3 8
17. Write 9 3 4 3 3 in three different ways.
18. Write 12 3 6 3 8 in three different ways.
19. Explain how you would find the product of
(4 3 5) 3 0 3 (6 3 2) 3 8 3 3.
20. Explain how you would find the product of 15 3 5 3 20.
21. Write three factors. Find their product.
© Pearson Education
Answer Key
Multiplying 3 Factors
Find each product.
1. (3 3 8) 3 5 5
120
2. 7 3 (4 3 8) 5
224
108
3. (14 3 3) 3 6 5
252
4. 6 3 (3 3 6) 5
5. 7 3 (28 3 3) 5
588
6. (15 3 2) 3 4 5
120
8. 3 3 (81 3 3) 5
729
7. 5 3 (7 3 7) 5
9. (25 3 5) 3 4 5
245
500
10. (2 3 6) 3 9 5
108
Find each product.
11. 16 3 4 3 7
448
14. 4 3 12 3 3
144
12. 9 3 7 3 13
13. 5 3 8 3 7
819
15. 24 3 2 3 5
280
16. 6 3 7 3 8
240
336
17. Write 9 3 4 3 3 in three different ways.
Possible answers: (9 3 4) 3 3, or (3 3 4) 3 9, or (9 3 3) 3 4
18. Write 12 3 6 3 8 in three different ways.
8 3 (12 X 6), or 12 3 (8 3 6), or (8 3 12) x 6
19. Explain how you would find the product of
(4 3 5) 3 0 3 (6 3 2) 3 8 3 3.
When one of the factors is zero, the product is zero.
20. Explain how you would find the product of 15 3 5 3 20.
15 3 (5 3 20) 5 15 3 100 5 1,500
21. Write three factors. Find their product.
Answers will vary.
© Pearson Education
Math Hints and Reminders: Multiplying by 2-Digit Factors
Exploring Multiplication Patterns
Once you have a basic multiplication fact down, like 6 x 6
= 36, multiplying numbers that end in zero (multiples of
10) by tens, hundreds, and thousands is just a matter of
tacking on the right number of zeros! Take a look at the
pattern:
60 x 6 = 360
60 x 60 = 3,600
60 x 600 = 36,000
60 x 6,000 = 360,000
Estimating Products
How can you tell when to estimate? Look for the word “about” in the question. To
solve estimation problems with two 2-digit factors, you first need to “round” both
factors to numbers that are easy to work with – such as a number that ends in
zero. Then use your basic multiplication facts. (See “estimating products” on the
previous hints sheet.)
Multiplying by Multiples of 10
Remember, you can use basic multiplication facts (such as 6 x 2 = 12) and what
you know about zero (any number times 0 is 0) to help you multiply 2-digit
numbers.
Find 40 x 38
Multiply 38 by the digit in the ones
place: 38 x 0 = 0.
38
x 40
0
Multiply 38 by the digit in the tens place:
38 x 4 = 152.
38
x 40
1,520
Multiplying with 2-Digit Factors
There are a couple of ways that you can multiply two 2-digit numbers, but you
should work toward “multiplying in 2 steps” because it’s quicker. If you’re having
trouble with the 2-step method, try writing the zero in the ones place before you
multiply the tens.
Multiplying in 2 Steps
Multiplying in 4 Steps
Find 25 x 36
Find 46 x 29
Step 1: Multiply by
ones.
Step 2: Multiply by tens.
1
3
3
25
x 36
150 → 25 x 6
x
25
36
150
750 → 25 x 30…Add
900
46
x 29
54
360
120
800
1,334
→
→
→
→
Multiply 9 x 6
Multiply 9 x 40
3. Multiply 20 x 6
4. Multiply 20 x 40…Add
1.
2.
© 2000-2003 Family Education Network, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Estimating Greater Products
See “Estimating Products" on previous page.
Choosing a Calculation Method
There are lots of ways to find the answer to a multiplication problem, but
depending on the situation, some are better than others! Here are two ways to go
about it:
• Numbers that end in 0 (multiples of 10) are easy to multiply in your head.
Take 600 x 500. Just multiply the basic fact (6 x 5 = 30). Count the number of
zeros in the factors (4) and add them on to the answer (300,000).
• For numbers that require a lot of regrouping, a pencil and paper or a
calculator might be the best bet. If you’re using a calculator, remember to
“punch” the problem twice to make sure your answer is correct.
Multiplying Money
See the previous “Math Hints” sheet.
© 2000-2003 Family Education Network, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Name _____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mental Math: Multiplying Multiples of Ten
Use a basic fact you know and a pattern of zeros to multiply mentally.
70 500
Start with basic facts.
7
5 35
70 50 3,500
70 500 35,000
Remember that the number of zeros in both factors equals the number
of zeros in the product.
Find the products using mental math.
1. 4 2 2. 5 3 4 20 5 30 400 200 500 300 3. 6 1 4. 7 3 6 10 7 30 6 100 7 300 5. 400 600 6. 7,000 2,000 7. 50 400 8. 900 60 Use the table to solve Exercises 9–10.
9. How many whales
would there be in
60 pods?
10. How many penguins
would there be in
80 colonies?
© Scott Foresman
Animal Groups
Name
Number in Group
Pod of whales
20
Mob of kangaroos
25
Colony of penguins
300
Answer Key
Name _____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mental Math: Multiplying Multiples of Ten
R 5-1
Use a basic fact you know and a pattern of zeros to multiply mentally.
70 500
Start with basic facts.
7
5 35
70 50 3,500
70 500 35,000
Remember that the number of zeros in both factors equals the number
of zeros in the product.
Find the products using mental math.
1. 4 2 4 20 400 200 3. 6 1 6 10 6 100 8
80
80,000
6
60
600
2. 5 3 5 30 500 300 4. 7 3 7 30 7 300 15
150
150,000
21
210
2,100
5. 400 600 240,000
6. 7,000 2,000 7. 50 400 20,000
8. 900 60 14,000,000
54,000
Use the table to solve Exercises 9–10.
9. How many whales
would there be in
60 pods?
Animal Groups
1,200
10. How many penguins
would there be in
80 colonies?
© Scott Foresman
24,000
Name
Number in Group
Pod of whales
20
Mob of kangaroos
25
Colony of penguins
300
Name _____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Estimating Products
Round and estimate the products mentally.
1.
2.
3.
25
39
62
3
4
5
6.
7.
603
22
$4.93
12
4.
8.
311
6
5.
9.
408
62
1,218
78
11. 16 189 12. 31 137 13. 27 $19.15 14. 350 17 15. 261 41 16. 2,311 14 $1.75
4
10.
2,579
78
17. Algebra When Jessica computed 47 18, she got an answer of 8,460.
Show how you would estimate to check if her answer is reasonable.
Test Prep
Circle the correct letter for the answer.
18. If Rosemary’s mother spends about $20.00 on lunch each week, what is a
reasonable estimate of the amount of money she spends on lunch each
month?
A $40.00
C $140.00
B $80.00
D $180.00
19. In one day, 1,265 people visited the Washington Monument. Estimate the
number of visitors to the Washington Monument in 28 days.
F 39,000
H 41,030
G 26,000
J 30,000
© Scott Foresman
Answer Key
Name _____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Estimating Products
Round and estimate the products mentally.
1.
2.
3.
25
39
62
03
04
05
90
6.
160
7.
603
022
$4.93
0 12
12,000
$50.00
11. 16 189 13. 27 $19.15 15. 261 41 4,000
$600.00
12,000
4.
300
8.
5.
311
06
1,800
9.
408
062
$8.00
10.
1,218
0 78
24,000
14. 350 17 16. 2,311 14 2,579
0 78
80,000
12. 31 137 $1.75
0 4
240,000
3,000
8,000
20,000
17. Algebra When Jessica computed 47 18, she got an answer of 8,460.
Show how you would estimate to check if her answer is reasonable.
Multiply 50 ⴛ 20 ⴝ 1,000 to estimate. So, 8,460 is
not a reasonable answer.
Test Prep
Circle the correct letter for the answer.
18. If Rosemary’s mother spends about $20.00 on lunch each week, what is a
reasonable estimate of the amount of money she spends on lunch each
month?
A $40.00
C $140.00
B $80.00
D $180.00
19. In one day, 1,265 people visited the Washington Monument. Estimate the
number of visitors to the Washington Monument in 28 days.
F 39,000
H 41,030
G 26,000
J 30,000
© Scott Foresman
Name _____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Multiplying by a Multiple of Ten
1.
15
20
46
50
2.
3.
6. 20 96
10. 30 445
7. 70 6,507
11. 633 90
272
60
4.
1,507
80
5.
8. 45 50
12. 82 60
3,317
30
9. 95 40
13. 2,270 20
14. Mental Math Find 98 30.
15. Algebra Find the value of 70x 84 when x is 65.
16. If 25 children flew 23 kites on 27 out of 365 days, on how many days that
year did children not fly kites?
17. Math Reasoning
Test Prep
What happens to any product if both factors are cut in half?
Circle the correct letter for each answer.
18. New World monkeys, the kind found in the rain forest in South America,
have 36 teeth. Most monkeys live in groups of 20. What is the total
number of teeth one group of 20 New World monkeys has?
A 400
B 720
C 760
D 1,440
19. Old World monkeys have 32 teeth. What is the total number of teeth
one 20-monkey group has?
F 640
© Scott Foresman
G 460
H 520
J 1,280
Answer Key
Name _____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Multiplying by a Multiple of Ten
1.
15
20
2.
300
2,300
46
50
3.
6. 20 96
10. 30 445
11. 633 90
5.
99,510
9. 95 40
2,250
12. 82 60
4,920
3,317
0 30
120,560
8. 45 50
56,970
14. Mental Math Find 98 30.
1,507
0 80
16,320
455,490
13,350
4.
7. 70 6,507
1,920
272
060
3,800
13. 2,270 20
45,400
2,940
15. Algebra Find the value of 70x 84 when x is 65.
4,634
16. If 25 children flew 23 kites on 27 out of 365 days, on how many days that
year did children not fly kites?
17. Math Reasoning
338 days
What happens to any product if both factors are cut in half?
The product is 4 times smaller.
Test Prep
Circle the correct letter for each answer.
18. New World monkeys, the kind found in the rain forest in South America,
have 36 teeth. Most monkeys live in groups of 20. What is the total
number of teeth one group of 20 New World monkeys has?
A 400
B 720
C 760
D 1,440
19. Old World monkeys have 32 teeth. What is the total number of teeth
one 20-monkey group has?
F 640
© Scott Foresman
G 460
H 520
J 1,280
Name _____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Multiplying by Two-Digit Numbers
1.
54
⫻ 14
2.
ᎏᎏᎏ
6.
63
⫻ 35
3.
49
⫻ 98
8.
ᎏᎏᎏ
$0.70
⫻ 45
ᎏᎏᎏᎏᎏ
11. 31 ⫻ 56
7.
77
⫻ 36
4.
96
⫻ 23
9.
ᎏᎏᎏ
ᎏᎏᎏ
12. $0.65 ⫻ 16
H
$0.57
⫻ 51
5.
ᎏᎏᎏᎏᎏ
ᎏᎏᎏ
13. 72 ⫻ 27
21
⫻ 97
82
⫻ 44
ᎏᎏᎏ
10.
ᎏᎏᎏ
94
⫻ 96
ᎏᎏᎏ
14. 75 ⫻ $0.99
15. To raise money for the band trip, 13 students showed up to help at the
Benefit the Band Car Wash. They charged $12 for a car wash and by the end
of the day had washed a total of 68 cars. How much money did they earn?
16. Algebra Find the value of 56 ⫻ n when n ⫽ 82.
17. Math Reasoning
Test Prep
Find 47 ⫻ 45 and explain your answer.
Circle the correct letter for each answer.
18. A fourth-grade class made its own cartoon. Each student made 8 drawings
every day for 3 days. There were 27 students in the class. How many
drawings did they make?
A 216
B 648
C 81
D 612
19. Your class decides to make 2 cartoons that are each 9 seconds long. Each
second requires 24 drawings. How many drawings will your class have to
make?
F 324
© Scott Foresman
G 432
H 216
J 612
Answer Key
Name _____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Multiplying by Two-Digit Numbers
1.
54
⫻ 14
2.
756
2,205
ᎏᎏᎏ
6.
63
⫻ 35
ᎏᎏᎏ
$0.70
⫻ 0 45
ᎏᎏᎏᎏᎏ
$31.50
11. 31 ⫻ 56
7.
49
⫻ 98
ᎏᎏᎏ
4,802
3.
4.
ᎏᎏᎏ
8.
$29.07
96
⫻ 23
9.
ᎏᎏᎏ
21
⫻ 97
82
⫻ 44
ᎏᎏᎏ
3,608
94
⫻ 96
ᎏᎏᎏ
2,037
13. 72 ⫻ 27
5.
10.
ᎏᎏᎏ
2,208
$10.40
$0.57
⫻ 0 51
ᎏᎏᎏᎏᎏ
2,772
12. $0.65 ⫻ 16
1,736
77
⫻ 36
9,024
14. 75 ⫻ $0.99
1,944
$74.25
15. To raise money for the band trip, 13 students showed up to help at the
Benefit the Band Car Wash. They charged $12 for a car wash and by the end
of the day had washed a total of 68 cars. How much money did they earn?
$816
16. Algebra Find the value of 56 ⫻ n when n ⫽ 82.
17. Math Reasoning
4,592
Find 47 ⫻ 45 and explain your answer.
47 ⴛ 45 ⴝ 2,115
45 ⴛ 47 ⴝ 45 ⴛ (40 ⴙ 7)
ⴝ (45 ⴛ 40) ⴙ (45 ⴛ 7)
ⴝ 1,800 ⴙ 315
ⴝ 2,115
Test Prep
Circle the correct letter for each answer.
18. A fourth-grade class made its own cartoon. Each student made 8 drawings
every day for 3 days. There were 27 students in the class. How many
drawings did they make?
A 216
B 648
C 81
D 612
19. Your class decides to make 2 cartoons that are each 9 seconds long. Each
second requires 24 drawings. How many drawings will your class have to
make?
F 324
© Scott Foresman
G 432
H 216
J 612
Name _________________________________________________
Estimating Greater Products
Estimate each product.
1. 595 3 41 5
2. 395 3 68 5
3. 215 3 38 5
4. 632 3 63 5
5. 489 3 53 5
6. 553 3 47 5
7. 717 3 38 5
8. 837 3 91 5
9. 6 7 2
321
10. 5 1 3
335
11. 4 9 1
378
12. 3 2 3
346
13. 2 8 8
368
14. 8 2 1
359
15. 4 2 8
327
16. 3 5 1
376
17. 5 9 1
342
18. 1 2 0
389
19. 2 7 6
368
20. 3 6 4
389
21. 3 7 5
364
22. 9 2 8
385
23. 6 7 2
333
24. 7 9 4
339
25. 6 2 0
383
26. 5 7 5
371
27. 9 3 1
384
28. 5 0 6
349
29. Estimate the product of 549 and 68.
30. Estimate the product of 978 and 61.
31. Write two different sets of factors that you estimate would have a
product of about 40,000.
© Pearson Education
Answer Key
Estimating Greater Products
Estimate each product.
1. 595 3 41 5
3. 215 3 38 5
5. 489 3 53 5
7. 717 3 38 5
24,000
8,000
25,000
28,000
2. 395 3 68 5
4. 632 3 63 5
6. 553 3 47 5
8. 837 3 91 5
28,000
36,000
30,000
72,000
9. 6 7 2
321
10. 5 1 3
335
11. 4 9 1
378
12. 3 2 3
346
14,000
20,000
40,000
15,000
13. 2 8 8
368
14. 8 2 1
359
15. 4 2 8
327
16. 3 5 1
376
21,000
48,000
12,000
32,000
17. 5 9 1
342
18. 1 2 0
389
19. 2 7 6
368
20. 3 6 4
389
24,000
9,000
21,000
36,000
21. 3 7 5
364
22. 9 2 8
385
23. 6 7 2
333
24. 7 9 4
339
24,000
81,000
21,000
32,000
25. 6 2 0
383
26. 5 7 5
371
27. 9 3 1
384
28. 5 0 6
349
48,000
42,000
72,000
25,000
29. Estimate the product of 549 and 68.
30. Estimate the product of 978 and 61.
35,000
60,000
31. Write two different sets of factors that you estimate would have a
product of about 40,000.
Possible answer: Any factors that round to 50 3 800 or
80 3 500, such as 49 3 788 or 77 3 465.
© Pearson Education
Name _________________________________________________
Choosing a Calculation Method
Find each product. Estimate to check.
1.
113
2.
348
5.
575
332
9.
2,1 6 4
3
13
3.
6,0 0 0
70
4.
7.
5,0 0 0
3
70
8.
2,0 6 0
3
30
11.
4,6 3 3
3
15
12.
2,0 3 7
3
38
425
315
6.
10.
3
214
321
4,625
3
14
13. 15 3 2,160 5
14. 14 3 2,3225
15. 2,124 3 37 5
16. 777 3 14 5
17. 3,104 3 33 5
18. 305 3 305 5
3
19. Find the product of 263 and 15.
20. Find the product of 4,269 and 12.
21. Find the product of 1,321 and 11.
22. How would you use mental math to find the product of
280 and 100?
23. How many digits are in the product of 676 and 78?
© Pearson Education
3,0 5 0
31
Name _________________________________________________
Multiplying Money
Multiply. Estimate to check.
1. 12 3 $1.55 5
2. 23 3 $3.39 5
3. 11 3 $5.91 5
4. 21 3 $6.99 5
5. 15 3 $2.67 5
6. 10 3 $16.02 5
7.
$1 6.3 5
3
14
8.
$5.4 5
12
12.
11.
3
15.
$6.4 5
3
45
$4 0.3 1
3
18
9.
$8.3 6
16
13.
3
16. $1 6.8 9
3
28
$1 7.0 6
3
23
10.
$8.0 5
33
14.
3
17. $1 2.7 5
3
41
19. Find the product of $14.89 and 14.
20. Multiply $4.37 by 25.
21. Could you buy 13 posters at $7.50 each with $100?
Explain.
22. Could you buy 25 posters at $7.50 each with $170?
Explain.
© Pearson Education
$1 9.8 6
3
19
3
$9.1 5
56
18. $1 7.7 2
3
27
Answer Key
Multiplying Money
Multiply. Estimate to check.
1. 12 3 $1.55 5
$18.60
2. 23 3 $3.39 5
$77.97
3. 11 3 $5.91 5
$65.01
4. 21 3 $6.99 5
$146.79
5. 15 3 $2.67 5
$40.05
6. 10 3 $16.02 5
7.
$1 6.3 5
3
14
8.
$228.90
11.
3
$5.4 5
12
9.
$4 0.3 1
3
18
$725.58
12.
3
$8.3 6
16
$1 7.0 6
3
23
10.
$392.38
13.
3
$8.0 5
33
$1 9.8 6
3
19
$377.34
14.
3
$9.1 5
56
$65.40
$133.76
$265.65
$512.40
$6.4 5
3
45
16. $1 6.8 9
3
28
17. $1 2.7 5
3
41
18. $1 7.7 2
3
27
$290.25
$472.92
$522.75
$478.44
15.
19. Find the product of $14.89 and 14.
20. Multiply $4.37 by 25.
$208.46
$109.25
21. Could you buy 13 posters at $7.50 each with $100?
Explain.
Yes. 13 3 $7.50 5 $97.50.
22. Could you buy 25 posters at $7.50 each with $170?
Explain.
No. 25 3 $7.50 5 $187.50.
© Pearson Education
$160.20
Answer Key
Choosing a Calculation Method
Find each product. Estimate to check.
1.
5.
113
2.
315
5,424
6,375
575
332
2,1 6 4
3
13
28,132
13. 15 3 2,160 5
3
7.
4,494
10.
4,625
3
14
6,0 0 0
70
4.
3
420,000
214
321
6.
18,400
9.
3.
425
348
5,0 0 0
3
70
94,550
2,0 6 0
3
30
8.
350,000
11.
64,750
32,400
4,6 3 3
3
15
61,800
2,0 3 7
3
38
12.
69,495
77,406
32,508
14. 14 3 2,3225
15. 2,124 3 37 5
78,588
16. 777 3 14 5
10,878
17. 3,104 3 33 5
102,432
18. 305 3 305 5
93,025
19. Find the product of 263 and 15.
20. Find the product of 4,269 and 12.
21. Find the product of 1,321 and 11.
3,945
51,228
14,531
22. How would you use mental math to find the product of
280 and 100?
Multiply 28 times 1 and add 3 zeros.
23. How many digits are in the product of 676 and 78?
5 digits
© Pearson Education
3,0 5 0
31