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SCIENCE TIME
TO THE QUESTION OF NATIONAL LANGUAGE
PICTURE OF THE WORLD
Badrutdinova Liliya Albertovna,
Ziatdinova Gulnaz Irshatovna,
Zelenodolsk Institute of mechanical
Engineering and Information Technology
(Branch) KNITU-KAI, Zelenodonsk
E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract. This article touches on some aspects of studying out the national
picture of the world, including tatar linguistics.
Key words: the language picture of the world, the national picture of the world,
the national concept, connotation.
The problem of perception of world around always drew attention of the person.
At the most different stages of development of science about language reproduction of
model of the world happened in the course of judgment of communication of language
and reality. Nature of attitude of different people is reflected first of all in word
meaning.
"The person aspires in any adequate way to create in itself a simple and clear
picture of the world to come off the world of feelings to a certain extent to try to
replace this world with the picture created thus. The artist, the poet, the theorizing
philosopher and the scientist everyone in own way is engaged in it. To this picture and
its registration person transfers the center of gravity of the spiritual life, what in it to
find rest and confidence which it can't find in too close dizzy circulation of own
life" [Einstein, 1967, 136]
Interest in language picture of the world is found even in works of V. Humboldt
who wrote that "various languages are for the nation bodies of their original thinking
and perception".
Now there are a lot of works devoted to this problem.
Yu.D. Apresyan notes, for example, two directions in modern researches: a) on
the one hand, "stereotypes" of the language and common cultural consciousness,
separate concepts, characteristic for this ethnos are investigated. The author calls them
some kind of lingvo cultural isoglosses and bunches of isoglosses. These are such
typically Russian concepts as soul, melancholy, destiny, daring, will, etc.) on the other
hand it is specific connotations of nonspecific concepts (for example, symbols of
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colors designation in different cultures) [1]. According to the author, each natural
language reflects a certain way of perception and the organization (conceptualization)
of the world. Values expressed in it develop in a certain uniform frame of reference,
some kind of collective philosophy which is imposed as obligatory for all native
speakers.
Speaking about specific national ways to recreate world models, G. D. Gachev
speaks: "…what "a grid of coordinates" these people catch the world and, respectively,
such space is built before its eyes. It is special "turn in which life to these people
appears, and makes a national image of the world" [2].
The language picture of the world of each people has the features. Means,
assimilation of any second language is followed by assimilation of a new language
picture of the world, i.e. acquisition of the second language means mastering not only
one more language code, but also a certain sum of knowledge of a picture of the world
of this linguistic community. To learn a national picture of the world in the learned
language - means to like outlook of the people - its carrier, to penetrate into his
language consciousness.
The special place in semantic space of language is taken by connotation level.
Connotations reflect cultural representations and traditions of the people which speaks
this language. For example, the bloodsucker in Tatar language can symbolize a
harmonious beautiful figure (сөлек кебек егет) that can be difficult, understand to
Russian person who at the word a bloodsucker has absolutely other associations
The objective reality is reflected in our consciousness in concepts, and concepts
are put into words. The content of concepts as forms of knowledge of objective reality
is identical to all people irrespective of, what language they speak. However ways of
verbal expression of concepts of different languages aren't identical: for expression of
the same concepts different images symbols can be used. For example: needle’s ear in Tatar language - инə күзе - needle eye; shovels - арка калагы – back of spoon.
Various languages not simply differently designate the same subject, and reflect
different visions of this subject, i.e. national vision of the world. Respectively each
ethnos, each lingvo cultural community possesses the national picture of the world
which forms type of the relation of the person to the world, defines standards of
behavior, including speech behavior of the person in society. For example, Tatars,
greeting with each other, can say: «Ни хəллəрдə ятасың?” that literally means "In
what circumstances you lie? ". And so, the national picture of the world defines a
national language picture of the world of this ethnos.
But the difference of language pictures of different people creates obstacles at
communication and studying of language as nonnative. The knowledge of culture of
people facilitates the solution of this difficult task.
Models of the world differ owing to that display all sum of ideas of the world in
various ethnos. However the world model in each culture consists of a set of the
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interconnected universal concepts, equally accessible for the general perception all
mankind and proceeding from the general message. At the same time that is reflected
in it specific which is inherent only in the carrier of concrete culture.
In Tatar linguistics R.R.Zamaletdinov (the monograph "Tatar Culture in
Language Reflection" (2004)) deals with a problem of language picture of the world.
To research of questions of Tatar language picture of the world Z.A.Motygullina's
works "A concept "destiny" in Tatar and English language picture of the
world" (2006) are devoted, to A.Sh.Vasilovoy "the lingvo cultural concept
“Melancholy” in Tatar language picture of the world" (2006), L.Kh.Shayakhmetova
"the Concept of "Fire" and its reflection in R. Mingnuling's lyrics" (2007),
L.R.Garipova "Concepts of Tatar language picture of the world: representations in
lexeme “ the world”(2007), G.R. Galiullina "Tatar personal names in a context lingvo
cultural traditions" (2009), R.R.Danilova concept "Heart" in Tatar language picture
of the world, G.I.Ziatdinova concept "War" in the Tatar language picture of the
world" (2009).
In all listed researches universal and national and specific signs of studied
concepts come to light that subsequently promotes accumulation of the necessary
material for studying of Tatar language as foreign and to the most complete idea of
reflection of national concepts in conscience of Tatar people.
Literature:
1. Apresyan Yu. D. Chosen works: in 2 t. / Yu. D. Apresyan. – M.: Languages Russian.
Cultures, 1995. – T. . Integrated description of language and system lexicography. –
767 pages. . Writer, 1988.
2. Gachev G. D. National images of the world. General questions. Russian. Bulgarian.
Kirgirz. Georgian. Armenian. - M.:
3. Zamaletdinov R. R. Tatar culture in language reflection / R. R. Zamaletdinov. Kazan: Magarif, 2004. – 238 p.
4. Maslova of A.V. Lingvokulturologiya: school book for Higher educational
establishments . - M.: Publishing center "Akademiya", 2001. – 64 p.
5. Khayrullina R. H. phrase logical picture of the world: from a mirovideniye to
outlook / R. H. Khayrullina. – Ufa, 2000. – 285 p.
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