FACT SHEET CCD™ Process What’s Different? Reverse Osmosis has finally evolved with Desalitech’s patented Closed Circuit Desalination (CCD) process. ReFlex™ RO products, featuring CCD technology, utilize principles similar to simple filtration to operate RO membranes at optimum efficiency and maximum recovery. Feedwater passes through the membranes at a 100% water recovery rate while dissolved solids are retained and concentrated within the closed circulation loop. Periodically, all of the concentrated waste is flushed out of the system and replaced with incoming feedwater. The average feedwater pressure required is lower in a ReFlex system than in traditional RO systems, resulting in reduced energy consumption. Cross flow velocity can be independently controlled to wash membrane surfaces and limit fouling and scaling. This combination of high recovery, energy savings, improved reliability and unmatched flexibility are significant advantages that conserve water and reduce operating costs. ReFlex products incorporate standard RO system components and are assembled into patented process designs that significantly improve RO performance. The CCD process works by circulating water through a single stage until the desired recovery level is achieved instead of using the traditional method of sequentially passing the water to multiple stages. Brine is periodically replaced with fresh feedwater without stopping permeate flow. Recovery is flexible and can be set at the system control panel. Over 97% recovery has been demonstrated in a single stage ReFlex system, reducing brine waste by 50% - 75%. ReFlex products save energy. The required pressure is initially low and rises during circulation until it reaches the final pressure continuously required by an equivalent traditional RO system. CCD systems typically consume 35% less energy in brackish and industrial applications and 20% - 35% less energy in seawater desalination. ReFlex products operate reliably on feedwaters that challenge traditional RO systems. The cross flow required for ReFlex RO membrane operation is controlled with an internal circulation pump. Frequent and complete brine flushing prevents scale precipitation and disrupts bio fouling, making very high recovery rates possible even from mineral-laden or contaminated feedwaters. In addition, ReFlex products offer unmatched flexibility. Permeate flow, cross flow velocity and system recovery are independently controlled in ReFlex systems, supporting process optimization. Desalitech’s ReFlex products are the premier solution for high-recovery, low-energy, reliable water purification. www.desalitech.com