Basic Properties and Application Examples of
PGS Graphite Sheet
PGS Graphite Sheet
1.
2.
3.
Basic properties of PGS Graphite sheet
Functions of PGS Graphite sheet
Application Examples Presentation
[Sales Liaison]
Panasonic Electronic Devices Co., Ltd.
Capacitor Business Unit PM Group Goods Team
PGS Contact Direct Line (0774)31-7366
[For inquiries of technology issues]
Panasonic Electronic Devices Japan Co., Ltd.
Ceramic Division Engineering Team4
PGS Contact Direct Line (0123)23-8149
PGS Graphite Sheet
PGS Graphite Sheet
PGS (Pyrolytic Highly Oriented Graphite Sheet) is made of graphite with a structure that is
close to a single crystal, which is achieved by the heat decomposition of polymeric film.
PGS is a competitive conductive sheet with high thermal conductivity and high flexibility.
High heat conductivity: Each material has high heat
conductivity.
PGS Graphite Sheet:C99.9% or more
Heat conductivity of each material (a-b plane)
PGS 25µ
PGS 70µ
PGS 100µ
Pure copper
[Layered Structure ]
Aluminum
3.354~3.356
x 10-8cm
Magnesium alloy
Stainless steel
Heat conductive sheet
c axis
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Heat conductivity (W/[m/K])
a-b plane
1400
1600
Flexibility of PGS Graphite Sheet
PGS Graphite Sheet
[Bending Test]
[Bending Limitation]
Bending Radius( R )
The sheet is fixed
< 0.98N >
Bending Angle
PGS Graphite Sheet
90 degrees
Bend Radius: R
180 degrees
R =2(mm)
R =5(mm)
10,000 cycls
100,000 cycls
or more
or more
3,000 cycls
or more
30,000 cycls
or more
Bending Angle
180 degrees
90 degrees
Flexibility: PGS is bending-resistant due to its flexibility.
PGS can be used for areas such as curved
surfaces and corners because its heat
conductivity will remain unchanged in the
absence of folds in PGS.
Material Characteristics of Graphite Sheets
PGS Graphite Sheet
PGS 100µm
(100 +/- 30µm)
PGS 70µm
(70 +/- 15µm)
PGS 25µm
(25 +/-10µm)
X,Y
direction
600 to 800
750 to 950
1500 to 1700
Z
direction
15
15
15
Thermal diffusivity (cm2/s)
9 to 10
9 to 10
9 to 10
Density (g/cm3)
0.85
1.10
2.10
Specific Heat (50deg.C)(J/gK)
0.85
0.85
0.85
Heat resistance (deg.C)
400
400
400
X,Y
direction
19.6
22.0
30.0
Z
direction
0.4
0.4
0.1
Bending test (times)
R5 180 deg.C
30000 or more
30000 or more
30000 or more
Electric Conductivity (S/cm)
10000
10000
20000
Thermal Conductivity
(W/m K)
Extensional strength　(MPa)
Applications of PGS Graphite Sheet (two functions)
PGS Graphite Sheet
1)Thermal Transfer
PGS Graphite sheet
Carrying the heat
PGS Graphite sheet
A
B
Heat source
(MPUs, PAs, Graphic chips, etc)
Diffusing the heat
B
B
Heat sink
A
B
Heat source
B
2)Thermal Interface
Decreasing the thermal resistance
and diffusing the heat
Heat sink
Heat sink
PGS Graphite sheet
PGS Graphite sheet
B
Package
Heat source
Without PGS
Package
With PGS
The peak temperature
drops
Surface temperature of
the package
A
Application Example of PGS Graphite Sheet (Transfer)
■ Inspection 1
Size;18x180x0.1mm
PGS Cu Al
Resistance heater 10x10mm
Applied voltage 8V (appro.12W)
PGS Graphite Sheet
The heat transfer was monitored with thermograph after the heater was
attached to the lower part of PGS, Copper and Aluminum.
«Heat conductivity when the heater was on.» « Cooling state when the heater was turned on
during the heat balance state»
After 10 seconds
After 20 seconds
PGS Cu Al
PGS Cu Al
·PGS Graphite Sheet carries the heat
rapidly due to high heat conductivity
·PGS Graphite sheet has high cooling
effect .
Application of PGS Graphite Sheet (Transfer)
■Inspection 2
PGS Graphite Sheet
The heat transfer was monitored with thermograph after the heater was
attached to the center part of PGS, Copper and Aluminum.
[Measuring method]
Heater size 10×10mm
Resistance Heater　Electric power 12W
Sample size(heat sink)
90×90×0.3mm
Ambient Temperature:25 deg.C
*The surface of the samples and the heater was
subjected to black oxide treatment.
After 30 minutes
Aluminum
Copper
PGS Graphite Sheet
·The temperature of the heater reveals that PGS Graphite Sheet carried the heat, keeping the heat temperature
lowest among the three materials.
·The low temperature of PGS surface shows that PGS has high heat dissipation.
Thermal Resistance of PGS Graphite Sheet (Ｉｎｔｅｒｆａｃｅ)
PGS Graphite Sheet
■Thermal resistance property
Thermal resistance represents the degree of non-conductivity of the heat. Materials with lower thermal
resistance are a more efficient conductor of heat (Thermal resistance depends on hardness of, and surface
condition of material as well as heat conductivity.)
[Measuring Method]
Thermal resistance
Rth = (T1-T2) / W
(deg.C/W)
Transistor
1.5x2cm=3cm2
P =approx. 7W
Transistor
7w
Sample
15 x 20mm
Temperature
of the transistor
T1
Thermal resistance
1.0
Thermal resistance (deg C, cm2/W)
The sample is placed and fixed
between the transistor and the fin to
measure temperature difference,
from which the thermal resistance
is calculated.
Silicon Sheet
0.8
0.6
Competitor’s Graphite
PGS 0.1mm
0.4
PGS 0.07mm
PGS 0.025mm
0.2
Silicon Grease
0.0
Temperature of the fin
T2
Heat sink fin
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Pressure(kg/cm2)
150x20mm
PGS has low thermal resistance due to its high conductivity and flexibility.
Shield Effect of PGS Graphite Sheet
PGS Graphite Sheet
Shielding Effectiveness Test (KEC Method)
140
130
Shield Effect (dB)=-20log(Vs/V0)
120
Shield Effect for Electric Field
110
Shield Effect (dB)
100
90
80
70
60
50
Shield Effect for Magnetic Field
40
30
20
10
0
10
100
Frequency (MHz)
1000
10000
PGS Graphite Sheet Application Development(PGS100µseries)
PGS Graphite Sheet
■ PGS100µseries
Adhesive type
Type
1. PGS only
PGS
2. Insulative
strong
adhesion type
PGS
Separatin
g paper
3. Insulative thin
adhesion type
PGS Separating
paper
Insulation type
4. Low thermal
resistancetype
5. High heat
resistance type
PGS
PGS Separating
Separating
paper
paper
6. Polyester
tape type
PGS
7. Polyimide tape
type
PGS
Multilayered type
8. One-sided
type
PGS
9. Double-sided
type
PGS
Structure
Acrylic
double-sided
adhesive tape
30µm
Acrylic
double-sided
adhesive tape
10µm
Acrylic adhesive
10µm
Heat-resistance
Acrylic adhesive
tape 30µm
• Adding one-side
adhesion
• Employing high
heat resistance
double-sided tape
Polyester tape
30µm
Polyimide tape
30kµm
Silicon
100µm
Silicon
100µm
• Improving oneside thermal
contact and
absorbing
roughness of
contacted face
• Low adhesion
• Heat resistance
• Maximizing the
heat property and
the flexibility of
PGS
•Adding one-side
adhesion
•Employing
insulating adhesive
tapes
• Adding one-side
adhesion
• Employing
insulating adhesive
tapes
• Adding one-side
adhesion
• Improving thermal
conductivity in
adhesive layers
Thickness
100μm
130µm
110µm
110µm
130µm
130µm
130µm
200µm
300µm
Thermal
conductivity
600 to 800
W/m K
500 to 600
W/m K
550 to 650
W/m K
550 to 650
W/m K
500 to 600
W/ m K
500 to 600
W/ m K
500 to 600
W/m K
250 to 350
W/m K
200 to 300
W/m K
Withstand
temperature
400 deg.
100 deg.C
100 deg.C
100 deg.C
150 deg.C
100 deg.C
180 deg.C
180 deg.C
180 deg.C
Part No.
Standard
size
EYGS182310
EYGA091210A
EYGA091210M
EYGC091210C
EYGA091210T
EYGA091210P
EYGA091210K
EYGM121810SS
EYGM121810SW
180 x 230mm
90x115mm
90x115mm
90x115mm
90x115mm
90x115m
90x115mm
115x80mm
115x180mm
Maximum size
360x460mm
Features
• Ensuring one-side • Ensuring one-side
insulation
insulation
• Employing
• Employing heatinsulating film
resistant insulating
film
115x180mm
• Improving oneside thermal
contact and
absorbing
roughness of
contacted face
• Low adhesion
• Heat resistance
PGS Graphite Sheet Application Development
(PGS70, 25µseries)
PGS Graphite Sheet
■ PGS70,25µseries
Adhesive Type
1. PGS only
TYPE
PGS
2. Insulative
strong adhesion
type
Separating
PGS paper
3. Insulating thin
adhesion type
PGS
Separating
paper
Insulation type
4. High heatresistance type
PGS
Separating
paper
6. Polyester
tape type
PGS
7. Polyimide tape
type
PGS
Structure
Acrylic double-sided
adhesive tape 30µm
PGS
70µSeries
PGS
25µSeries
Acrylic double-sided Heat-resistance Acrylic
Polyester tape 30µm Polyimide tape 30µm
adhesive tape 10µm adhesive tape 30µm
Thickness
70µm
100µm
80µm
100µm
100µm
100µm
Thermal
conductivity
750 to 950
W/m K
550 to 700
W/m K
650 to 800
W/m K
550 to 700
W/m K
550 to 700
W/m K
550 to 700
W/m K
Withstand
temperature
400 deg.C
100 deg.C
100 deg.C
150 deg.C
100 deg.C
180 deg.C
Part No.
EYGS182307
EYGA091207A
EYGA091207M
EYGA091207T
EYGA091207P
EYGA091207K
Standard size
180x230mm
90x115mm
90x115mm
90x115mm
90x115mm
90x115mm
Maximum size
180x460mm
115x180mm
115x180mm
115x180mm
115x180mm
115x180mm
Thickness
25µm
55µm
35µm
55µm
55µm
55µm
Thermal
conductivity
1500 to 1700
W/m K
650 to 800
W/m K
1100 to 1250
W/m K
650 to 800
W/m K
650 to 800
W/m K
650 to 800
W/m K
Withstand
temperature
400 deg.C
100 deg.C
100 deg.C
150 deg.C
100 deg.C
180 deg.C
Part No.
EYGS121803
EYGA091203A
EYGA091203M
EYGA091203T
EYGA091203P
EYGA091203K
Standard size
115x180mm
90x115mm
90x115mm
90x115mm
90x115mm
90x115mm
Maximum size
115x180mm
115x180mm
115x180mm
115x180mm
115x180mm
115x180mm
ＰＧＳ Graphite Sheet Application Method
PGS Graphite Sheet
1.Application Example of PGS through simulation
2.General Thermal Design Model
1.Application Example of PGS (Simulation with heat)
PGS Graphite Sheet
◆ In this simulation test, thermal diffusivity will be measured by analyzing heat spot of a layered
sample mainly consisting of PWB, IC (heating element), PGS and a case face (ABS Resin).
[Model]
35 mm
ABS Resin 35x50x1mm
K=0.18 W/m K
50 mm
Graphite Sheet 25x40mm
Thickness : 0.025mm , 0.07mm
Measurement point
Insulated film 25x40x0.03mm
K=0.25 W/m K
9X9 mm
at 35 deg.C
at 1atm
Silicon 9x9x0.5mm
K=1 W/m K
IC 9x9x1.2mm
P=1W
PWB 25x40x1mm
K (xy)=60W/mK,K(Z)=1W/mK
1．Application Example of PGS (Simulation with heat)
PGS Graphite Sheet
◆ Temperature distribution of ABS surface without PGS: The heater (IC) temperature appeared on
ABS surface as a heat spot.
Model A
ABS
Result
99.85 deg.C
Silicon
IC
101.9 deg.C
PWB
96.25 deg.C
Model B
ABS
IC
PWB
Result
93.65 deg.C
103.2 deg.C
97.26 deg.C
1.Application Examination of PGS (Simulation with heat)
◆Heat distribution of the ABS surface with PGS70µ: Diffused the heat and broke the heat spot.
Model A-2-70
25x40x0.07 mm
with
25x25x0.07 mm
with
25x40x0.07 mm
without
25x25x0.07 mm
without
83.84 deg.C
88.89 deg.C
85.31 deg.C
89.08 deg.C
93.26 deg.C
89.06 deg.C
77.17 deg.C
99.76 deg.C
94.19 deg.C
80.86 deg.C
100.96 deg.C
95.31 deg.C
TYPE
PGS size
Silicon
ＰＧＳ　Ｇｒａｐｈｉｔｅ　Ｓｈ
Model B-1-70
Model B-2-70
ｅｅｔ　Model A-1-70
Result
Surface Temp
IC Temp
PWB Temp
You can choose whichever application you think is suitable for your purposes-whether to lower the
temperature of heat source or to lower the surface temperature.
2．Typical Thermal Design with PGS Graphite Sheet
<Blocking and Sealing of Heat Source>
[Before]
[After]
<Heat diffusion to the whole chassis>
PGS Graphite Sheet is attached to heat
sources to diffuse heat to the whole chassis.
Heat spot
PGS Graphite Sheet
<Heat transfer to the chassis
with larger heat capacity>
PGS Graphite Sheet is attached to heat sources in
Order to lower the temperatures by heat transfer to
larger heat capacity area such as hinge.
PGS Graphite Sheet
PGS Graphite Sheet
Heat diffusion to the whole chassis
PGS Graphite Sheet
Case
Heat dissipation to the hinge with larger
heat capacity.
Heat dissipation to the intermediate
chassis with larger heat capacity.
PGS Graphite Sheet is attached to a case
side in order to diffuse heat spots such as
PA, resulting in lowered surface temperature.
Heat transfer to cooler area
Heat spot 8 to 9℃ reduced
PGS Graphite Sheet
PGS Graphite
Sheet
PGS Graphite Sheet
PA
Isolator
PGS Graphite sheet is attached to heat sources in
order to lower the temperature of the heat source
by heat transfer to cooler area.
Intermediate
chassis such as
metal frame
PGS Graphite Sheet is placed between heat sources
and the intermediate chassis with larger heat capacity
In order to reduce the temperatures of heat sources.
PGS Graphite Sheet, an excellent heat transfer material, meets thermal design for various devices with
various structures.