Name:
What can you remember?
What is matter? _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________
What is a state of matter? _____________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ Write down the 3 main states of matter. __________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ Watch the video
Changing water:
states of matter
http://goo.gl/LRzZhY
You already know that matter exists in 3 main states or forms: solid, liquid and gas.
Remember “All matter can move from one state to another“
Practical activity:
You will need: A few blocks of ice, a beaker, tripod stand, gas burner, matches.
BE CAREFUL! Your teacher will help you with this experiment because the apparatus will become very hot!
Here’s what to do:
1) Place the blocks of ice into the beaker.
2) Put the beaker onto the tripod stand with the gas burner underneath it. Light the gas burner.
3) Watch what happens to the ice.
What do you observe / see happening to the ice?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
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Grade 4 Natural Science Term 2 : Matter and materials; materials around us; Change-in-state GRADE 4
Materials around us: change in state
GRADE 4
What do you observe / see happening to the
water?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
Here’s what is really happening:
Ice is a SOLID. As you heat it up, it changes state from solid to
LIQUID. We call this process MELTING.
When you keep on heating the water, it boils and changes state again, from liquid, to
GAS. We call this process EVAPORATION.
These changes / processes happen because we are HEATING the matter.
Fill in the states of matter in the diagram below:
Melting
Evaporating
HEATING MATTER
Other changes happen when we cool matter.
Practical Activity continued…
Your teacher will demonstrate this part for you because it is dangerous to handle hot equipment.
You will need: The apparatus from the previous part of the experiment, a pair of tongs
and a ceramic plate.
Here’s what to do:
1) Make sure the water in the beaker is boiling and making steam.
2) Using the tongs, hold the plate above the beaker, over the steam.
What do you see? __________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________
Your teacher will now take a container of liquid water and place it in a freezer.
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Grade 4 Natural Science Term 2 : Matter and materials; materials around us; Change in state
4) Let the water boil over the gas burner and watch what
happens next.
_________________________________________________________
Here’s what’s happening:
Water vapour (in the steam) is a GAS. As it travels up
onto the surface of the plate, it cools down. It becomes
a LIQUID (water droplets) on the plate. This is called
CONDENSATION.
If we take liquid water and cool it even more, it will change into ice, a SOLID. This is
called SOLIDIFYING.
These changes / processes happen because we are COOLING the matter.
Fill in the states of matter in the diagram below:
Grade 4 Natural Science Term 2 : Matter and materials; materials around us; Change-in-state GRADE 4
What do you think will happen to the liquid water? ______
_______________________________________________________
Solidifying
Condensing
COOLING MATTER
Revision Activity
1) Can matter change from one state to another?
______________________________________________________________________
2) Write down an example of matter changing state.
______________________________________________________________________
3) Fill in the PROCESSES that cause the matter to change state.
HEATING MATTER
SOLID LIQUIDGAS
COOLING MATTER
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GRADE 4
Did you know:
At pressures below and temperatures above the Triple Point, the change of state will skip the liquid phase and go directly from a solid to a gas. E.g. Dry Ice
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Grade 4 Natural Science Term 2 : Matter and materials; materials around us; Change in state
4) Give 3 examples of changes in state because of heating.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
5) Give 3 examples of changes in state because of cooling.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
What can you remember?
What is matter? Matter is everything that makes up the world we see around us.
What is a state of matter? The form matter takes; the state of the matter tells us
what characteristics it will have.
Write down the 3 main states of matter. Solid, liquid, gas
Practical Activity:
What do you observe / see happening to the ice? It melts and turns into liquid water.
What do you observe / see happening to the water? It is boiling and turning into steam.
Fill in the states of matter in the diagram below:
Melting
Evaporating
SOLID
LIQUID
GAS
HEATING MATTER
Practical Activity continued…
What do you see? The steam becomes little water droplets on the plate surface.
Your teacher will now take a container of liquid water and place it in a freezer.
What do you think will happen to the liquid water? It will get very cold and freeze
into solid ice.
Fill in the states of matter in the diagram below:
SOLID
LIQUID
GAS
Solidifying
Condensing
COOLING MATTER
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Grade 4 Natural Science Term 2 : Matter and materials; materials around us; Change-in-state GRADE 4
Memorandum
1) Can matter change from one state to another?
GRADE 4
Yes.
2) Write down an example of matter changing state.
Any* Example: Water freezing into ice, water boiling to make steam, etc.
Grade 4 Natural Science Term 2 : Matter and materials; materials around us; Change in state
Revision Activity
3) Fill in the PROCESSES that cause the matter to change state.
HEATING MATTER
MELTING
EVAPORATION
SOLIDLIQUIDGAS
SOLIDIFYINGCONDENSATION
COOLING MATTER
4) Give 3 examples of changes in state because of heating.
Ice-cream melts from solid to liquid.
Chocolate melts from a solid bar to liquid.
Plastic spoon melts if left on the hot stove plate.
5) Give 3 examples of changes in state because of cooling.
Hot candle wax solidifies when candle is no longer burning.
Freeze liquid juice to make ice-lollies.
Melted chocolate cools to make a solid at room temperature.
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