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BioControl in the Greenhouse
Sponsored by:
1:00 to 1:25 pm Eastern
IMPORTANCE OF A
PROACTIVE APPROACH
WITH A BIOLOGICAL
CONTROL STRATEGY
Why is it important to be proactive with BCA strategies?
Ronald Valentin
Syngenta Flowers, Home and Garden
[email protected]
Ronald Valentin
Technical Lead – Bioline
Syngenta Flowers, Home and Garden
©2015 Syngenta: Classification: Public
©2015 Syngenta: Classification: Public
Pro-active approach to maximize efficacy of BCAs:
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Life cycle of the target pest problems?
Where does BCA affect the target pest?
Eggs, larva, pupa and adults
Threshold ornamentals vs. vegetable production
Starting ‘clean’
Role of cutting production / propagation
Residues (on plant material and greenhouse)
Inspection young plants upon arrival
Communication (the good and the bad)
BCAs is a systems approach
An example on Thrips control…..
Thrips
Biological control is preventing
problems, not fixing them!
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©2015 Syngenta: Classification: Public
©2015 Syngenta: Classification: Public
Some back ground info on Thrips Æ
Thrips damage:
TSWV
TSWV on
peppers
Echinothrips
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● Small insects 2-3 mm
● Frankliniella occidentalis Æ brown-black colour, 8 segment antennae
● Other common thrips species:
- Thrips tabaci Æ brown-black colour, 7 segment antennae
- Echinothrips americanus Æ black with white stripe, white larvae, all
stages on plant
- Scirtothrips dorsalis Æapprox. 1/3 of the size of WFT
T
● Where on the plant?
● Life cycle
● Damage done by larvae and adults
- Flowers
- Leaves
- Virus transmission (TSWV/ INSV)
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©2015 Syngenta: Classification: Public
Development of thrips in 60 days (at 68°F)
Development of thrips in 60 days (at 68°F)
30 days
30 days
30 days
30 days
One female thrips
One female thrips
± 90 thrips
± 90 thrips
± 5800 thrips
± 5800 thrips
Start here = Success
Too late = Disappointment
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Thrips life cycle and BCA target!
Larva
L
Egg
(In leaf tissue)
1&2
(on plant Æ
exposed)
68 F
6 days
3
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Thrips life cycle and BCA target!
Pupa
(in soil)
3 + 3 days
6 days
Adult
up to 60 days
1&2
3
Pupa
1&2
(in soil)
6 days
3 days
3 + 3 days
1.5 + 1.5 days
6 days
3 days
©2015 Syngenta: Classification: Public
(on plant Æ exposed)
up to 60 days
20 - 40 days
©2015 Syngenta: Classification: Public
Thrips life cycle and BCA target!
Pupa
(in soil)
3 + 3 days
1.5
.5 + 1.5 days
6 days
3 days
Adult
Larva
L
Egg
(on plant Æ exposed)
(In cell tissue)
1&2
(on pl
plant Æ
exposed)
ex
up to 60 days
20 - 40 days
68°F
86°F
6 days
3 days
3
Amblyseius spp (L1 only)
3 + 3 days
1.5
.5 + 1.5 days
Pupa
(in
n soil)
6 days
d
da
3 days
da
Amblyseius spp
Orius insidiosus
Orius insidiosus
Hypoaspis miles
Steinernema feltiea
S. feltiea
Atheta coriaria
(side effect)
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Adult
3
10
Larva
L
6 days
3 days
68°F
86°F
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(on pl
plant Æ
exposed)
ex
68°F
86°F
(In cell tissue)
(on plant Æ
exposed)
Thrips life cycle and BCA target!
(In cell tissue)
Larva
L
Egg
(on plant Æ exposed)
©2015 Syngenta: Classification: Public
Egg
©2015 Syngenta: Classification: Public
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©2015 Syngenta: Classification: Public
Adult
(on plant Æ exposed)
up to 60 days
20 - 40 days
Thrips life cycle and BCA target!
Thrips life cycle and BCA target!
Larva
L
Egg
(In cell tissue)
Pupa
1&2
68°F
86°F
6 days
3 days
3
3 + 3 days
1.5
.5 + 1.5 days
6 days
d
da
days
3 da
up to
to 60 days
40 days
20 - 4
6 days
3 days
3
Amblyseius spp
(on plant Æ exposed)
(in
n soil)
(on pl
plant Æ
exposed)
ex
68°F
86°F
Adult
Pupa
1&2
(In cell tissue)
(on plant Æ exposed)
(in
n soil)
(on pl
plant Æ
exposed)
ex
Larva
L
Egg
Adult
3 + 3 days
1.5
.5 + 1.5 days
6 days
d
da
3 days
da
up to
to 60 days
20 - 40
4 days
Amblyseius spp
Orius insidiosus
Orius insidiosus
Orius insidiosus
Stratiolaelaps scimitus
S. feltiea
S. feltiea
(Hypoaspis miles)
Orius insidiosus
Hypoaspis miles
S. feltiea
Atheta coriaria
Dalotia coriaria
(side effect)
(Atheta coriaria)
S. feltiea
● Fecundity in vegetative stage vs when pollen is available
● Fecundity in different crops
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What about Thrips and vectoring virus?
©2015 Syngenta: Classification: Public
Bioline portfolio against thrips
Swirskiline as
Amblyline cu
In the plant tissue
EggOn
Adult
Oviposition
TSWV
1st instar
tar
the plant
Moulting
Eclosion
Amblyseius swirskii
Amblyseius cucumeris
2nd instar
Oriline i
Exhibitline sf
Acquires
TSWV
Transmits
TSWV
Steinernema feltiae
Orius insidiosus
Emergence
Pupa
Moulting
Pre-pupa
a
Under the ground
Hypoline m
Moulting
Stratiolaelaps scimitus
(Hypoaspis miles)
Staphyline
Dalotia coriaria
(Atheta coriaria)
Thripline ams
Thrips pheromone
After Kawai, 1989 for Thrips palmi
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©2015 Syngenta: Classification: Public
Amblyline cu – Amblyseius cucumeris
Amblyline cu
• Predatory mite Amblyseius cucumeris
• Eats L1 larvae of thrips
• Can be used in wide range of crops
• Active from 12-15°C
Amblyseius cucumeris
• No diapause Æ active at low light levels
• Strong side effect on tarsonemid mites
©2015 Syngenta: Classification: Public
Breeding sachets
● What’s in a sachet
- Bran
- Prey mites
- Food for the prey mites
- Predatory mites
- Culture
• Can establish and sustain in some crops where
pollen is available (peppers)
• Available as breeding system (sachets, Bugline)
and loose material
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©2015 Syngenta: Classification: Public
Amblyline - mini
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©2015 Syngenta: Classification: Public
Swirskiline as – Amblyseius swirskii
Swirskiline as
Oriline i – Orius insidiosus
• Predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii
Oriline i
• Eats L1 larvae of thrips, whitefly eggs and pollen
• Can kill up to 80 adult thrips per day
• Can be used in wide range of crops
• Can feed and establish on pollen
• Active from 18-20°C, but prefers warmer
Amblyseius swirskii
• Predatory bug Orius insidiosus
• Eats larvae and adults of thrips
Orius insidiosus
• Sensitive for low light levels and low temperatures
(< 18°C)
• To enhance establishment, can be fed with
Bugfood (Ephestia eggs)
• Curative treatment in hotspots (nymphs)
• Strong side effect on tarsonemid mites
• Active from 12-15°C
• Available as breeding system (sachets, Bugline)
and loose material
• Diapause sensitive Æ less active at low light
levels
• Best benefit: activity at higher temperatures and
crops where both thrips and whitefly are present
• Also feeds on other small pest, e.g. TSSM, moth
eggs
• Available in a carrier
• Best benefit: in crops with pollen
• Also used with banker plants (purple flash
pepper)
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Oriline i – Orius insidiosus
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Exhibitline sf – Steinernema feltiae
Exhibitline sf
• Insect pathogenic nematodes Steinernema feltiae
• Penetrates thrips and releases bacteria
• Active from 14-28°C
Steinernema feltiae
• Temperatures above 30 °C are harmful
• Steinernema spp. also used for sciarids, vineweevil, cutworms, etc
• Available as sealed trays
• Often used as dip application or overhead in
propagation
• Contact is critical for best results
Orius insidiosus
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©2015 Syngenta: Classification: Public
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©2015 Syngenta: Classification: Public
BioControl in the Greenhouse
Pro-active approach to maximize efficacy of BCAs - take home
messages:
● Make a plan that fits your operation/crop
● Start as early as possible, even before the crop has
started Æ Planning
● Pro- active approach Æ insurance = success rate
● Understand life cycle of both pest and BCA
● Systems approach Æ don’t let your efforts on one pest
be torpedoed by another
● Communicate Æ with young plant material suppliers
● Communicate Æ with specialists and other growers
who have made the switch before you
● Communicate with producer/supplier of BCAs
● Consider banker plants as part of your strategy
Coming Up Next:
1:30 to 1:55 Eastern
Grower Experience with
Banker Plants for Aphid
Control
Rich Densel
Biological control is preventing
problems, not fixing them!
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©2015 Syngenta: Classification: Public
Time
©2015 Syngenta: Classification: Public
Topic
2:00 to 2:25
Pesticides- Are They Ever Compatible with a Biocontrol
Program?
2:30 to 2:55
The Fundamentals of Biocontrol of Fungal and Bacterial
Diseases