1. science
2. physics

Ch 14 Review questions
Student Targets
801. I can distinguish
between transverse
or longitudinal
waves.
1. Give two examples of longitudinal and two examples of transverse waves.
803. I can identify:
representation.
wavelength,
amplitude,
crest, trough, and period, given a visual
2. The amplitude of a water wave is 1.0 meter. The total vertical distance between the crest & trough
is:
AM/'/...l T1.l0 ~
a 05m
f\
,10\/--+----
b: .
~
1.,-(1;(
~heabove
Answer: C
3. If a strobe light makes 10 flashes in 1.0 second of time, then the period of time between
flashes is:
a. 10 s
-
. 0.1 s
~ ..
Hz
Answer: C
804. I can solve problems
and period.
r7""j
==
-
t
==
using the relationships
between velocity,
wavelength,
frequency,
l-----
4.-A.pendUlum makes 10 complete cycles every 4 seconds. Its frequency is
a. 2.5 Hz
&
b'--O. - econds
c. 0.4 Hz
d. 2.5 seconds.
0
1
J.
~_CM_:.I_C_j_
Y .s C-<-
2, '5
'--';)d,,-,
~ 2 ~ lL=/
.,;<IT
L
Answer: A
5. If the frequency of an object doubles, the period of the occurrence:
Ifbl
Halve
uarters
quadruples
1l'
Answer: B
I
L
805. I can recognize that the speed of a wave is dependent
which the wave travels.
upon the material/medium
through
6. The speed of a wave depends on the medium through which it travels and the amount of
energy it carries.
~rue--...
. FgLsa,.)
Answer: B only the medium, not the amount of energy.
806. I can recognize
that waves transfer energy and not matter.
7. A huge tidal wave is traveling and causes a boat to be raised vertically. The boat now has
gravitational potential energy. What gave the boat its newfound gravitational potential energy?
a) The boat had kinetic energy that was converted to PE.
b)..lbe.molecules
in the water r~acted_with.the.boat~. _
q[ The water waves carried e.nergy that was use~ to raise the boa!::>
d) 1 here must ave een spnngs In the-troat-stonng-eiasltc-potentlai energy.
I
i.N Q\X.~ ca VI
Answer: C
807. I can analyze wave superposition
interference.
-t
v"
o..\r..sJev
e.v...e.lo"3 'j
in terms of the effects of constructive
and destructive
8. When two waves interfere to create a larger amplitude than either had individually, the two
waves are said to be
.fl --'?
e- '"
I
a. destructively interfering
~
{VI-. P "\L<. \ <:..
b. beating
~ constructively interfer!iii>
Answer: C
1. Determine period and frequency
phenomenon
for a system that is oscillating
or exhibiting
a cyclical
9. The frequency of a simple harmonic oscillator is the time it take for one complete cycle of
oscillation to be complete.
(l
C
I
a. T
\' =
. False
"'Ju..e~
.sec.. .
Answer: B This is the Period of an oscillator
2. I can find the period for a pendulum
and a mass/spring
system
10. The period of a pendulum is directly proportional to the mass of the bob.
a. True
W \
\
111
,IQ"'
b. False
IV (j .
I ~ 1.'t
~3
Answer: B Mass doesn't matter. Only length, and acceleration due to gravity.
11.A budding young physics teacher begins their simple harmonic motion training by swinging on
a REALLY long rope hanging in their family's barn. The youngster has a mass of 110 pounds,
is wearing a Pittsburg Steelers jacket, had mac and government cheese for lunch, digs Bob
Seger, and is swinging on a 8.0 meter long rope. What would be the period of the swing?
1. -= fr 0 '"
j e: 9 J; ",&'Answer: C
3. I can describe the effect of spring constant
on force and potential
energy for a spring.
f[
12.lf 320 J of work is done on a spring with a spring constant of 730 N/m, how far will it stretch?
a. 0.58m
b. 0.87m
\J~4Pc.s:::
c. 0.61 m
d. 0.94 m
:?IN "
Answer: 0
_
4.
I can recognize
motion.
?3E:- 1h...
• ~
~J
l~-;.::L
"l.
T
,It
the conneCtif'be~~en
oj
~~~
a linear restoring
~
force and simple harmonic
13.A spring that has a non-linear relationship between force and displacement obeys Hooke's
Law.
a. True
b. False
Answer: B
5. I can identify the variables
that affect potential energy for a spring.
14. Two springs are both stretched 0.35m. The spring that has twice the spring constant (k), will
have
twice the PE
b~l
ePE
c. four times the PE
d. one fourth the PE
6
---~L\.
~~
Answer: A
6. I can describe and make calculations
15. The fun
and interference
ental frequency of a pipe is the lowest resonant frequency.
a. _:u:e
Answer: A
related to resonance
tr ~
I
/1,1J-tS. ~
l.)
I
f1cs, ul\t1.n
1/
7. Determine the period, frequency,
quantity measures.
wavelength,
or velocity
of a sound wave given the other
16. The unit of the period of a wave is the Hertz.
~~
~se
Answer: B Second - Hertz is for frequency.
3) Spack has landed on a newly discovered planet and is instructed to determine its gravitational
strength. He constructs a simple pendulum with a length of 700.mm and observes 20.0 full swings in
1 minute and 16.7 seconds. What does he deduce the "acceleration of gravity" to be from this?
.i",
m_ )...1\ f"'l"""
0,700""
q.B6"k'
J ~::
a _
r~
I -
rr't::.
,:-1..9 • ~,S?lS",
~i12
,
aT::
)\~ j =
1:..
j
'/rr1b,7Cf)",
LJ...1f~+'=
'T1
I ,88"'/,
"'
'3,~~r;)t
lfn '1..
~
Answer: g; 1.88 ml S2
2D'':jocDlff:2
J
5) Simple pendulum A swings back and forth at twice the frequency of simple pendulum B. Which
statement is correct?
b~
rJ-~
A) Amplitude
B) Amplitude
c.[~mP:itude
D) mp i u e
Answer: C
r -\
r
~
of pendulum A is twice that of B.
of B is twice of A. Nor S",/le, - <\oUlj b <.,
cannot be etermined rom a a give •
a A IS.
a a
<
Diff: 1
8) Simple pendulum A swings back and forth at twice the frequency of simple pendulum B. Which
statement is correct?
m=
\ 2
2 l'
I
rr
A) Pendulum B is twice as long as A.
B) Pendulum B is twice as massive as A.
C) The length of B is. 4 times the length of A.
T -"
..fi times the mass of A.
of A is. ..fi times the length of B.
D) The mass of B is.
E) The length
Answer: C
rz:j
r.r: -V-j
21\
I
? ::
-
Diff:2
_
'Z.. f\ ~
r;;-
v.5.{l;
f ,l-~J.~:-l:1-
fb
vJ...
I
1
l.a~{[;
9) Grandfather clocks often are built so that each one-way swing of the pendulum is a second. How
long is the length of a simple pendulum for a 2.00 second period?
"V l..\
rr::
,/;["
1,Ous
)0~93
4.8 cm
C) 101.cm
D)0.500m
E) 500. cm
/J _
I- -
'2
j~4.~1(~
r"j':-2-nlj
1
Answer: A
Diff:2
f.
rr}-=.R.L.f1\"
)Cc, (,
Ur'-
T~~l\'J1
G
'l 2,DOs
I
I 0
15
:J
J
~'
-:O,9r3,..J
I
e) Give at least one example of each of the following:
(a) longitudinal standing wave.
(b) transverse standing wave.
Answer: (a) sound wave resonating in an organ pipe (there are many other correct answers for both)
(b) vibrating string on a violin
Diff:2
2) A 2.0kg mass is attached to the end of a horizontal spring (k = 50.Nt m) and set into simple
harmonic motion with an amplitude of 10. cm. What is the total mechanical energy of this system?
p~~Kc :: ?l>
M:z..O(~
A) 0.02J
)25
.25J
~
D)f.
J
E) 2.5 J
~ ~ S-o !J(M
jt ""
P[s~ ~~II~~ ~@pN/~~(jd~"Y-
[i 15,2,Y
().I OM.
Diff: 2
Answer: C
5) Simple Harmonic Motion is characterized by
A) constant acceleration.
Bl.-~.c£:eleration RroRortional to the acceleration of gravity.
C) acceleration ro ortional to displacement.
acceleration proportionatio veioci .
E) acceleration inversely proportional to velocity.
F:: -Iuv
Diff:2
Answer: C
Q ,,{
9) Does Simple Harmonic Motion occur when the force. acting on a mass, is positively proportional to
the displacement (F = kx)? Explain.
IJ ()
A) Yes
B) N
---.
o
'tk
'(IA.OK
,J
St-le-U"
lie'"
I
r
to /'vi..() IX
\ 1 \IJ (h'\. ~
I
Re
~v+(ev
Answer: No. F= kx (k positive) leads to unconstrained motion. One must have the force in opposite
direction. F=-kx. to produce SHM.
Diff: 2
~0
12) A mass vibrates back and forth from the free end of an ideal spring (k; 20. N/m) with an amplitude
of 0.25 m. What is the maximum kinetic energy of this vibratingoma/st~?
l
I
\~-=-LO~/iY\
A) 2.5J
B) 1.3J
~O)5:OJ
'X~ 61 t~ lV\
Ip t
U
t 1/.1'\ ::~.s
5 'Y")L
{(C _
Lf
[At
f '-'[
CJ
T(g
,
l ':'
{("cd
'!+
M/),)(
QIl1.p!t'i-t.,d
,'(,
~iJ.Illb"'l4l>l
I
z R -/" i(?o~4\') lO, z.r @:Z3S:l
",~'2.
E) It is impossible to give an answer since kinetic energy cannot be determined without knowing
the object's mass.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
.10
13) The total distance traveled by an object in one complete cycle of Simple Harmonic Motion is __
t;m~;;:PI"";_~l'
J
~
b
~
~,A..
i
C) half
0) one
E) four
~'L
ll'~")
"'I"
~
Answer: E
Diff:2
15) A mass is attached to a vertical spring and bobs up and down between points A and B. Where is
the mass located when its kinetic energy is a maximum?
? C..It ~ 0
A) at either A or B
~- midway between A or B
CjOfilrfourtll-oft
e way etween A and B
\,)J\--.e..(\,
1/ ~
I--- \.,.. :
(tJ!..~
Answer: B
Kinetic energy is maximum where potential energy is minimum.
Diff: 2
16) A mass is attached to a vertical spring and bobs up and down between points A and B. Where is
the mass located when its kinetic energy is a minimum?
~E~r =
M.O-~ "'~.
\2..t. ::. 0
&~It s rops ~
Diff: 2
Answer: B Kinetic energy has turned to potential energy at highest point.
What is the period of a pendulum with a length of 0.95m? What is the frequency?
rr,,~.e:O,'l5"~j"q,B"~,
1'=2-11ff f:+:.
r7i""
t~~~~t
According to the reading, how do geologists measure the slight variations in the acceleration due to
gravity at various places on the earth?
til W 'l.~
J~'th:"'ttJA ( -<.
What is the spring constant of a spring that stretches 2.0 em when a mass of 0.60 kg is suspended
from it?
'X =-0,0201'\
A)
B)
C)
0)
E)
0.12Nm
0.30N/m
3.0 kg-em
30 kg/m
294 N/m
M -:.6,
GO/<j
..r~~~
F~~
l~:£?C
~~ - ~
" - fUX)lj '(:'t.B"t
L
- O,02.M
Answer: E
~2qi'iM/
\
2) Simple pendulum A swings back and forth at twice the frequency of simple pendulum B. Which
statement is correct?
f -.~
A) Period of pendulum A is twice that of B.
B) Period of B is twice that of A.
C) Length of pendulum A is. .fi times that of B.
0) Mass of pendulum B must be twice that of A.
E) Length of B is. .fi times that of A.
_
-r~
=:
'T'~
Diff: 2
Answer: B
\
\
'\~ fB
t:
I
-
...•~
L1-e,
,.,
'n
I
11) Suppose you want to set up a simple pendulum with a period of 0.250 s.
rT
~
=J...
1"'=,~O-, .[=7,
2Jf If d
'fT'
(a) What length is required if g 9.80 m/s2 on Earth?
~ = i,8o"'tit.
7''-= ((ir'.1.3 @,~,)'(I,~I"I.)
2
(b) What length would be required on the moon assuming 9 is 1.66m/s (assume exac)
lj 1\'
T=
=
I..~ ~
Answer: (a) 0.0155 m
(b)0.259cm
~ (0,<CS U, b("~0 0
'i,
Diff:3
--.. CO-,O-l-t;"-SJ
~I002b3~
'-tTl'-
14) Tarzan swings back and forth on a long vine. His friend Jane notices 30. swings in 2.4 minutes.
(a) The frequency of the swing is _
(b) The vine length is meters.
.
f
30,"'1 (,
,.
0"-
t~'T'
0,21'i, =
Diff:2
1\
v'
-
rr'=
~t(J~<,.
7
21
II
t\~ -
-1.:- C9.8'ttQ
1,8
'"-
2.11Jf
l' <.
.L"
Answer: (a) 0.21 Hertz
(b) 5.7 m
~_
.,,~
S~)~
{ ;r 1
-
(~S:7M-1
:t
L{l\':r
~
:,,{
16) A mass swinging on the end of a massless string undergoes SHM.
Where is the instantaneous acceleration of the mass
greatest?
,
/
A) A and C
B) B
-
t!-.l-e.,Joe!, t ' I
0) A and 0
E) A and B
Answer: 0
Diff: 2
rWtTen he length of a simple pendulum is tripled, the
for one complete vibration increases by a factor of '""'
A) 9.
'\'
'I'!9
ll.
_
0_1/3.
I
Answer: E
Diff:2
L- sf,
Ie:
"2. \i '\ ~
2
1'1."
"\~
'"
I
I
n
~
I
'\
_~...--...
I
..
B
'I': 2.JI{-;
I '\
I
'\
I '\,
/I
C)C
B) 1/9.
C) 3.
/1'
C
1
\
.Q
r
_.JJ
I J.~Te.£(
~
time
-=--
L
26) When the mass of a simple pendulum is tripled, the time required for one complete vibration
.
~-)f'o\
A) Increllses-by-a-factor of 3.
1-,
B does not Ch~ge.~
C)-decreases to one-third of its original value.
0) decreases to 314 of its original value.
E) increases to 4/3 of its original value.
Answer: B
2.-\\
'\
....l-
f
7
2..11
'
rr.~"I
IT
~
Diff: 2
27) If you take a given pendulum to the moon, where the acceleration of gravity is less than on Earth,
the resonant frequency of the pendulum will
T -::1-,\\1{
a: ~
I'~
A) increase.
B) ot change.
-.J
..J
\
eC) decrea2.eJ')
El}-ell er increase or decrease; it depends on its length to mass ratio.
Diff: 2
Answer: C
32) A simple pendulum consists of a 0.25-kg spherical mass attached to a massless string. When the
mass is displaced slightly from its equilibrium position and released, the pendulum swings back and
forth with a frequency of 2. Hz. What frequency would have resulted if a 0.50 kg mass (same
diameter sphere) had been attached to the string instead?
~:.l.,O\-\\.
A) 1.41 Hz
B)
2Jr--/i
Hz
,c0..:Ji)
0) 1. Hz
E) 4. Hz
Answer: C
Diff: 2
33) What happens to a simple pendulum's frequency if both its length and mass are increased?
A).J1.remains.c nstant.
It decreases
&}-lHncreases.
0) It could remain constant, increase, or decrease; it depends on the mass to length ratio (mass
(BJ
I
density).
Answer: B
Diff:2
'\'
-
~
p:- ~
(1 .:.
t-
l V~
.t-
2-1f
ILt tl
P
1 ) Consider the wave shown at the right.
y(m)
4
The amplitude is
A)~
4
o
~~
t (5)
0) cannot be determined from given
information
Answer: B
Diff: 1
2) Waves on a lake pass under a floating bird causing the bird to bob up and down with a period of
2.5 seconds. If the distance from wave trough to wave trough is 3.0 meters, what is the speed of the
wave?
rr ::-2S
A) 0.21 mls
B)
C)
0)
E)
1.2 mls
1.9m/s
2.1m/s
1.5m/s
Answer: B
A~f
S
>- -:: 3,O~
1J
"0
f-
I,
*~~\.s
-V:-
tA;
@,44e1S,Otfl)
J -:: lJ- Mis I
Diff:2
3) Why can longitudinal earthquake waves 'go straight through the center of the Earth but transverse
waves cannot?
Diff: 2
Answer: The transverse wave cannot traverse the outer liquid core,
4) The lower the frequency of a sound wave, the
AUoweLit
elocity. SGl •••...~
B) greater its wavelength.
C)'Smaller-tts""i.ffiiP!1 e. '(
-V
D()~ \"
0) shorter its period. \6~
e \
E) greater its velocity. s." U '? t.,,,
'<~
1)
Answer: B
¥...'II.CJ.;J
k
L"O ~
6) A 1,33 kg dense mass is on the end of a 4.50 m "string",
l' = loti ff~.t
'I'~
7,
Diff:2
~
I
~-u\l1
=-Q't60'1F
G, 2.{:
"2.'
-i ~r
(a) What would be the period of the pendulum on Earth?
(b) If the mass were doubled, what would be the frequency 0 oscillation?
• 235'.)
(c) What would be the period on the planet Mars where gravity is 38,% that 0 fieEarth?
([!£1
\ro.
+ u 2-65(
q~'!,( 1
~.
rp::- 2.li'
m'
t"ry
Answer: (a) 4.26 s
(b) 0.235 Hz
(c) 6.9s
Diff:3
7) A pendulum makes 12 complete swings in 8.0 s.
r: \L
(a) What is its frequency?
(b) What is its period?
Answer: (a) 1.5 Hz
(b) 0.67 s
t
C
'j dUo
5,0 ,
l
T-
Diff:2
f
~.
~"~~~:R!
8) If a floating log is seen to bob up and down 15. times in a minute as waves pass by you, what is
the frequency and period of the wave?
\ ~Cl ~t\ "-..\.,----"")
] r(l, if'! ,
Answer: 0.25 Hz frequency, 4.0 second period
Diff:t'
Co
~et
~
--L
t~,
O(2~~
\': -
s"-
15) What is the velocity of a wave if the wave has a frequency of 12. Hz and a wavelength Of~3~0~q9
A) 4.0 m/s
B) 6.0 m/s
C) 0.25 m/s
0) 2.8 x 10'2 cm/s
E) 36. m
Answer: E
Diff:2
Consider the wave show" below.
'2 cjJes
-
11) The frequency
l{c;;o.-
is
0.5 Hz.
( 6)-:iS-:1-H .
C) is 2 Hz.
0) is 4 Hz.
E) cannot be determined from the given
information.
Answer: A
Diff:2
o
4
t (5)
3) When waves interfere, the result is~original waves.
A)
B)
C)
~)
always smaller than
always larger than
always the same as
-----_
sometimes smaller-man, sometimes larger th~
Answer: 0
Diff: 1
2) A spring, fixed at both ends, vibrates at a frequency of
12. Hz with a standing transverse wave pattern as shown.
What is this spring's fundamental frequency?
~:!>~
\'2.
A) 24.Hz
B) 8.0Hz
r
f3
~66H~
4.0 HZ)
E)
=-
f.
z
Answer: 0
I.h.
12.~ l'
'i
Diff: 2
J:,,-= r\ f,
J,
(\
\
t\ ~ -;
~
1.2.. f;~
~~~~
3) A string fixed at both ends is vibrating in its 8th harmonic.
A_
\
9
/\..
A.
(a) How many nodes are on the string?
~';-<.....X.
(b) The 8th harmonic wavelength is what fraction of the string length?
(c) If the 8th harmonic frequency is 976. Hz, what is the frequency of the 2nd overtone?
Answer: (a) 9 nodes
Diff:1
4) Which part of a vibrating string experiences the maximum acceleration?
Answer: C
Diff:2
10) Causing a system to vibrate at its "natural" frequency is called
Answer: C
Diff: 1
.'~
1/'1
t ~P6iJ
~
~l
.
~ .J
Ii =7
r
t
14) A stretched string is observed to have three equal segments in a standing wave driven at a
frequency of 480. Hz. What driving frequency will set up a standing wave with four equal segments?
Answer: 640. Hz
0'("2
I .
Choose from the following:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
t ~i-;:?bo
Lt 'l
~
~ (\
T4
r.
P •. t ,,1;
r,
~I\.
~
n.
1'\
~ 4 -\\r- '
meters
rad/s
degrees
Hertz
Seconds
N/m
g/cm
m/s
~II~
:J
3
=LJ~:l
r, '
':. 6iIOH~
20) The spring constant has which of the units shown above?
Answer: (f) NI m
21) Frequency has which of the units shown above?
Answer: (d) Hertz
24) A period has which of the units shown above?
Answer: (e) seconds
13) Wavelength has which of the units shown above?
Answer: (a) meters
14) Wavespeed has which of the units shown above?
Answer: (h) m/s
8. I can recognize that sound is a longitudinal
transmitted to detectors.
Answer: B
GCJI
~
wave with pressure variations
that are
I
18.lf my dog Greta is barking at some people walking past our house, I hear her sound waves
because:
a. there is a source, medium,
b. there is a source, medium,
ere IS a source, medium,
there is a source, medium,
and
and
and
and
house
window
detectoD
protector
Answer: C
9. I can recognize which wave characteristic
19. Which characteristic
a. pitch MAJb •..
<!Camplitude::l
c. wavelength ~
d. frequency -
most closely relates to pitch and/or loudness.
is most closely related to loudness?
l!or "'-~O~Al t.
a. b" I "t~l
~
/IoI.ll~
..J
.j
b t-
'/.
I
Ii
ie ro.,..
() r ..,
~r
'/'UIt{ (".
Answer: B
10. I can relate the temperature
of air to the velocity
at which sound will travel.
20. s~und wi r:~el~aster in air if the air is:
.
anm~
.
V :.3:5 I "'-~ t [fo ' 6 "/s!'ocl-\( ~ \I
"'~~
(jr
0
c. Makes no difference.........
Answer:
A
11. I can describe/recognize
between two frequencies.
what beats are and/or calculate
the apparent beat frequency
21. Beats occur when two tuning forks at equal frequencies are sounded together.
a. True~
(b-:-Fal~
w...
\J..S
r t (.
Answer: B
22. Sound beats can be described as the apparent
of two sound waves that are being
observed at the same time.
a. Changing of t e fre uency
o.-Changing of the loudnes
Lp",-S /-; WLtc'.I'
c. Soun ness 0
ness
d. Changing of the sounding board
I A +-.e.." (ell'eac{'"'
mno
Answer: B
ILJ destl","-a'fYc..
12. I can calculate and describe the amount of audible Doppler shift for sound waves.
23.A car is moving to the right at 20m/s, and its horn emits a pitch of 400 Hz. If you are standing
and the car approaches you, what frequency do you hear? (Assume the temperature of the air
is 2~5J=lZ:>/.~
b. 423 Hz ~),
c. 388 Hz
d. 120Hz
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Answer: A
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24. Because of the Doppler effect, an observer will hear a sound moving away from her as being
higher in pitch.
a. True
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b. False
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Answer: B
13. I can calculate
the velocity
of sound given the resonance
lengths of open/closed
tubes.
25.A tuning fork produces a fundamental resonance w/ a closed tube 8.3 cm long. Assuming
room temp is 20°C, what is the lowest possible frequency of the tuning fork?
a. 2072 Hz
b. 56.Hz-.....,
<,c. 103:Ll::lz/
d. 114 Hz
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15. I can describe some of the relationships
and the sounds that they produce.
3d. _
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Answer:C
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'"
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between the components
of musical instruments
26.A string instrument, which has a node at each end of the string, resonates with any whole
number of quarter wavelengths.
.( -:? ~~
a;....•,True~
b. False
'--<=-"
i\:4-W
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Answer: B
16. I can describe
and calculate
relationships
involving
loudness
and decibels
27.Compared to a quiet conversation (30dB), a loud conversation (60db) would be
a. 30x-intensity-::--..
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X
tY
c:-2Xfritensity
d. 3000x intensity
30 p; A - !f()~.D-=:"
D
ttl..-
ea.ch It? B
lOx
Answer: B
40
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1) soun&0bratio~s-Wlth
Infrasonic&-"
B u rasonics.
C) supersonics.
D) infrared.
frequencies less than 20 Hz are called
I
Q
I
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Answer: A
iff: 1
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2) Sound vibrations with frequencies greater than 20,000 Hz are called
A) infr sonics~
B
trasonics ...•...••..
C supersonics.
D) megasonics.
Answer: B
Oiff:
1
3) The pitch of sound is related to its
A) loudness.
B) velocity.
C) amplitude.
D) intensity.
(
frequenv
Answer: E
Oiff:1
4) Which of the following is false statement?
).Sound waves.are-Iongitudina"pressur~
aves. TiUJ.~
B) Sound can travel through vacuum. tJO
C) Tile transverse waves on a ibrating s ring are different from sound waves. TfUACD) Light travels very much faster than sound. -n-U Eo
E) "Pitch" (in music) and frequency have approximately the same meaning. ~~
Answer: B
Oiff: 1
5) What is the audible range of sound frequencies?
Answer: 20. Hz to 20. kHz
Oiff:/
18) The natural frequencies for a stretched string of length L, and wave speed v, are nv/(2L) where n
equals
A) 0, 1, 2, 3, .
B) 2, 4, 6, 8, .
(C}1, 2, 3, 4 ..,)
OT ,1.3,5,.
E) 1, 3, 4, 5, .
Answer: C
Oiff:2
2) What is the ratio of the speed of sound in air at 0° C to the speed at 100°C?
Answer: 0.85
1)p'
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4) The wavelength in air of a sound wave of frequency 0.50kHz is (Air Temp is 20' C)
A) 0.68 m.
B) 0.75m.
C)2.0m.
O)1.5m.
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Answer: A
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5) What is.!be speed of sound in air at freezing temperature?
11)'331 mpJY
B)
C)
0)
E)
F)
Answer:
Oiff: 1
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650 mls
331 mls
650mph
1.8 m.
:5"3, ("/
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1\
1100m/s
- 331
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1,
8) After seeing a flash of lightning, if one counts the seconds before hearing the thunder, one can
estimate the distance to the flash. How many seconds delay (Air Temp is 20' C)
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(b) per kilometer?
l):d.
Answer: (b) 3. seconds per km
Oiff: 2
t.
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9) When sound passes from air into water
A) its wavelength does not change.
B) ts freguency does not change.
C) its velocitYdoes not c ange.
Answer: B
Oiff:1
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11) Sound traveling in air at 23. ° C enters a cold front where the air temperature is 2. C. If the sound
frequency is 1500. Hz, determine the speed in the warmer air and in the colder air.
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A~swer: 345. m/s: 332. m/s
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13) If you hear thunder 5.0 s after seeing a flash of lightning, the distance to the Iightnin
About (Air Temp is 20' C)
A) 2.2km.
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C) 1'~Okt~
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E) 1.2 km.
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Answer: C
Oiff: 2
14) On a day when the speed of sound in air is 340. mIs, a bat emits a shriek whose echo reaches it
25.0 ms later. How far away was the object that reflected back the sound?
Answer: 4.25m
Oiff:2
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15) As the temperature of the air increases, what happens to the velocity of sound? (Assume that all
other factors. remain constant.) .
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B) It decreases.
f',,}C) It does not change.
D) It increases when atmospheric pressure is high and decreases when the pressure is low.
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Answer: A
Oiff:1
2) Which of the following is most closely identified with loudness of a musical note?
A) frequency •••..
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B) velocity 11.0
C) pitch
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E) phase - 1\.0
Answer: 0
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4) How many times more intense is an 80. db sound than a 60. db sound?
A)10
B) 20
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C) 2.0
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Answer: E
Oiff: 2
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Answer: B
Diff: 1
9) Which of the following increases as a sound becomes louder?
A) period
B
velen!'jt
.amplitude
D) ve ocity
E) frequency
Answer: C
Diff:1
l3
2) An unknown tuning fork is sounded along with a tuning fork whose frequency is 256. Hz and a beat
frequency of 3. Hz is heard. What is the frequency of the unknown tuning fork?
A) It must be 256 Hz.
B)Jt must be 259 Hz.
CC) It could be eilfier 253 Hz or 259 Hz; there is no way to tel.
D) It mus
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e 53-Hz.
Answer: C
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3) In order to produce beats, the two sound waves should have
A) slightly different amplitudes.
B) the same frequency.
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C) the same amplitude.
D e..-_ ~.::;;) slightly different frequencies.
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Answer: d
Diff: 1
5) Given 4 tuning forks of frequency 446,440, 443,and 449 Hz, how many different beat frequencies
could be produced and what are they?
A~swer: Three beat frequencies: 3, 6, 9 Hz
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8) If the phase angle between sound waves from two different point sources is 1800, what kind of
interfere ce-will occur?
e'
A) destructive
8 constructive
C) either constructive or destructive
Answer: A
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9) Consider the standing wave on a guitar string and the sound wave generated by the guitar as a
result of this vibration. What do these two waves have in common?
A) They have the same velocity.
B) The have the same
llelength.
,C) They have the same frequenc .
1l).Jhey nave=nothing'incommon.
Answer: C Diff: 1
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13) Two pure tones are sounded together and a particular beat frequency is heard. What happens to
the beat frequency if the frequency of one of the tones is increased?
A) It does not change.
B)J!jecreases.-:---------C) It could either increase or decrease?
D) Increases.
Answer: C
Diff 1
1) The Doppler shift explains
-I
A)J1ow sonar works. J 0" e ,w..!!s\
€!) why the siren on a.police ca cbaOQesit~p'itch as Jfraces past us.~
CTth-e15 enomenon of beats.
.
D) why a sound grows quieter as we move away from the source.
E) why it is that our hearing is best near 3000 Hz.
Answer:
Diff: 1
B or A (some sonar uses Doppler shift to find speeds)
4) Middle C has a frequency of 262. Hz. What is the frequency of C an octave higher?
'Ir
A) 2.10 kHz
B) 7fi6.J:i
C)O.524 kHz
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E) 2.62 kHz
Answer: C
Diff:/
5) The change in the frequency of a wave due to the motion of the source (or observer) is known as
A) the Bell effect.
B}-the Ma.ch effect.
C the Doppler effect.
D) In e erence.
E) diffraction.
Answer: C
Diff:/
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7) A sound source (normal frequency of 1000 Hz) approaches a stationary observer at one-half the
speed of sound:-T e observer hears a frequency of (Air Temp is 20' C)
/A
2000
L
B)
Hz.
z.
Cp50 Hz
D) 1500 H~.
E) 1414Hz.
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Answer: A
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9) A train moving 30. m/s approaches a station and sounds its whistle and passengers standing at the
station hear a pitch of 440. cyclesl second. What pitch will be heard when the train is at rest at the
0
station? (The air temperature is 20.
C)
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Answer: 402. HZlcl:Diff:2
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2) Two 'yiolin.strings, vibrating at 880.Hz and 876.Hz respectively, will cause a beat frequency of
(~~ri:
~~
C) 878. Hz.
D) 1.76kHz.
Answer:
Diff: 1
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A
3) A trombone-or-a-trumRet can be considered a(n)
A}Open organ pi e
~_closed organ pipe.
Answer: A
Diff:!
4) A closed organ pipe has a 5th harmonic frequency of 1230.Hz at 20'C.
(a) What is the length of the organ tube?
(b) What is the 1st harmonic of the pipe?
(c) If one end of the pipe were opened, what would be the 1st harmonic?
Answer: (a) 35.0cm
(b) 246.Hz
(c) 123.Hz
Diff: 3
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7) A sound wave of pure frequency can under certain circumstances cause a glass goblet to shatter.
This Wou~~ail-examplao
A co _sJH!cli e interferen e.
B resonanc
)-destructive interference.
D) overtones.
E) the Doppler effect.
Answer: B and A
Diff: 1
10) Which of the following properties of a sound wave is most closely identified with the "pitch" of a
musical note?
A) amplitude
m-w~
~~
D) phase
E) intensity
Answer: C
Diff:1
11) A closed organ pipe of length 0.750m is played when the speed of sound in air is 340. m/s. What
is the fundamental frequency? (open-closed)
~~~~~~~
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C) 570. Hz
D) 57.0 Hz
E) 171. Hz
():
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Choose from the following:
(a) meters
(b) rad/s
(e) seconds
(f) N/m
(c) degrees
(g) g/cm
(d) Hertz
(h) m/s
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Answer: B
Diff: 2
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12) Only 0
rmonics can be produced
) closed
narrow
0pa-.. VVl Cn.c:.
C) open
D) wide
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in a(n)
organ pipe.
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13) Beat frequency has which of the units shown above?
Answer: (e) Hertz
Diff 1
B~~l
14) What is the beat frequency of two sounds that have equal amplitudes and frequencies of 440. Hz
and 444. Hz
=-, y ~"\~.h-\.(l.{ D fh\
Answer: 4. Hz
Diff:2
12) A car is moving toward you as you stan
a corner in 20.0 C air. The car's horn is designed to
blow at a frequency of 400. Hz tone.
fast is the car moving if the air is steadily blowing 10. ml s
toward you in the same directio
at the car is moving?
A) 20. mls
B) 30. mls
C) 28. m
D) 1 . mls
40. mls
Answer: E
Diff: 2
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