1. business and industrial
2. metals

WELDING WIRE
a n d E L ECTRODES
1 WELDING WIRE
and
ELECTRODES
Quality…it’s what we’re all about.
The company that is today known as Techalloy
to continue the fine legacy established by Reid
Welding Products was founded in 1919 and is
Avery – and to pursue innovative product devel-
devoted to the manufacture and sale of weld-
opments. As part of this effort, Techalloy became
ing consumables for shielded metal arc welding
the first company in the United States to pro-
(SMAW), submerged arc welding (SAW), tungsten
duce imprinted TIG rods, saving welders hours of
inert gas welding (TIG) and gas metal arc weld-
wasted time with traditional tags.
ing (MIG). The product range consists of welding
New production equipment and technological
wires and coated electrodes in stainless steel,
nickel and nickel-based alloys, special purpose
types together with a number of low alloy steels.
advancements in the last few years have focused
on ensuring the manufacture of premium quality
welding consumables. The company has received
The original company, Reid Avery, stood for
ISO 9001 and 14001 certification to comple-
great craftsmanship and expertise. Since adopt-
ment its existing significant number of certifica-
ing the Techalloy name, a pledge has been made
tions and registrations.
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WELDING WIRE
and
ELECTRODES
2
TECHALLOY and Central Wire Group
Techalloy is a member of the Central Wire Group, one
Techalloy produces its welding consumables in
of North America’s largest and most highly regarded
Baltimore, Maryland and Perth, Ontario, and supports
drawers of specialty wire. This affords Techalloy signifi-
its sales and marketing activities with strategically
cant advantages in terms of financial, technical, and
located warehouse locations throughout North America.
operational resources on a global basis.
Important Notice
Techalloy Welding Products sells all of its products subject to the “Terms and Conditions of Sale”
which are issued by Techalloy Welding Products and are available for review upon request. These
Terms and Conditions of Sale are incorporated for all purposes as if fully set forth in this handbook. There are no warranties whatsoever, whether written, oral, implied, express, or statutory,
other than those specified in these Terms and Conditions of Sale. There is no warrant of merchantability of fitness for a particular purpose.
The data contained in this handbook is intended for general information only, and not for specification purposes.
Applications suggested for these alloys are made to permit you to make your own evaluation and
decision, and are not to be construed as either express or implied warranties of fitness for these
or other applications.
All analyses should be considered as typical or average values, and are minimum or maximum only
where indicated. They are not intended for specification purposes.
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3
WELDING WIRE
and
ELECTRODES
CERTIFICATIONS
Certifications are important to a company because they
Certifications are important to you, the buyer,
represent the hard work and diligence that has gone
because they represent quality, dependability, and
into creating a quality product.
peace of mind.
Techalloy holds certifications of
ISO 9001, 14001
Military Qualified Products
ASME Section III Certification
TUV (Germany)
American Bureau of Shipping
Brazil Welding Foundation (FBTS)
Canadian Welding Bureau
DHV (Norway)
ISO
9001:14001
CERTIFIED
American Bureau of Shipping
308
308L
309
309L
310
316
316L
347
Canadian Welding Bureau
308
310
347
HC276
630
Techrod 112
308L
312
385
622
208
Techrod 276
308LHS
316
409CB
410NiMo
413
Techrod 122
309
316L
2209
Weld A
418
Techrod 182
309L
316LHS
625FE
502
617
309LHS
317L
EN606
505
718
Military Qualified Product List
308
316
308-15
308MOT-15
316L-15
Techalloy 606
308L
316L
308L-15
309-15
347-15
Techalloy 625
309
347
308-16
309-16
410-15
Tech-Rod 182
309L
410
308L-16
310-15
Techalloy 418
Tech-Rod 190
310
307-15
308MOT-16
310-16
Techalloy 413
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WELDING WIRE
and
ELECTRODES
4
CONTENTS
CERTIFICATIONS..............................................................................................................................3
NICKEL ALLOY FILLER METAL..........................................................................................................5
Nickel and High Nickel Alloy Welding Wires............................................................................ 5
Recommended Welding Parameters.................................................................................. 8
Typical Chemical Composition........................................................................................... 8
Nickel and High Nickel Alloy Electrodes.................................................................................. 9
Typical Electrode Sizes & Currents.................................................................................. 12
Typical Chemical Composition......................................................................................... 12
Suggestions for Welding Nickel and High Nickel Alloys......................................................... 13
STAINLESS STEEL FILLER METAL ..................................................................................................14
Stainless Steel Welding Wires............................................................................................... 14
Recommended Welding Parameters................................................................................ 18
Typical Chemical Composition......................................................................................... 19
Stainless Steel Electrodes..................................................................................................... 20
Typical Chemical Composition......................................................................................... 23
Typical Electrode Sizes & Currents.................................................................................. 23
Suggestions for Welding Stainless Steels ............................................................................. 24
LOW ALLOY STEEL FILLER METAL..................................................................................................28
Low Alloy Steel Wires............................................................................................................ 28
Typical Chemical Composition......................................................................................... 30
Recommended Welding Parameters................................................................................ 30
Suggestions for Welding Low Alloy Steels............................................................................. 31
PACKAGING OPTIONS....................................................................................................................32
TABLES AND CHARTS....................................................................................................................33
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5
WELDING WIRE
and
ELECTRODES
NICKEL & HIGH NICKEL ALLOY WELDING WIRES
MECHANICAL
TYPICAL CHEMICALPROPERTIES OF
COMPOSITIONALL WELD METAL
PRODUCT USESOF THE WIRE
(AS WELDED)
Techalloy 55
No AWS Specification
Techalloy 55 is used for TIG and MIG welding of
cast iron. This filler metal is extensively employed
to overlay cast iron rolls. It is also used to repair
castings. The weld metal of Techalloy 55 is harder
than that of Techalloy 99. However, machining can
be accomplished by using carbide tipped tools.
A preheat and interpass temperature of 350°F
(175°C) minimum is recommended during welding,
without which the weld and heat affected zones
could develop cracks.
Techalloy 72
AWS A5.14 ERNiCr-4
Techalloy 99
AWS A5.15 ERNiCl
FM 61
AWS A5.14 ERNi-1
Techalloy 276
AWS A5.14 ERNiCrMo-4
FM 67
AWS A5.7 ERCuNi
Tensile Strength
89,500 PSI 620 MPA
Yield Strength
62,000 PSI 430 MPA
Elongation Techalloy 99 is used for TIG and MIG welding
of cast iron. This wire is extensively employed
to repair gray iron casting. It can also be used
for overlay and buildup. Dilution from the casting influences the mechanical properties of
the metal. The welds are easily machinable.
Carbon .05 Manganese .22
Silicon .05 Nickel 99.6
Tensile Strength
66,500 PSI 460 MPA
Yield Strength
36,000 PSI 250 MPA
Carbon Manganese Silicon Aluminum Titanium Nickel .06 .30
.40
.5
3.0
95.5
Tensile Strength
66,500 PSI 460 MPA
Yield Strength
38,000 PSI 260 MPA
.01 .55 .04
15.55 16.1
3.65
.15
Balance
5.5
Tensile Strength
105,000 PSI 720 MPA
Yield Strength
81,000 PSI 560 MPA
Nickel 31.0 Manganese .75
Silicon .10
Iron .55 Titanium .35 Copper Balance
Tensile Strength
53,000 PSI 360 MPA
Yield Strength
21,000 PSI 140 MPA
Techalloy 208 is used for TIG, MIG, and SAW
welding of nickel 200 or 201. This filler metal
is also employed for overlaying on steel as well
as repairing cast iron castings. It can also be
used for dissimilar joints between nickel or
nickel alloys to stainless or ferritic steels.
Techalloy 276 is used for welding of materials
of similar chemical composition (UNS Number
N10276), as well as dissimilar materials of
nickel base alloys, steels and stainless steels.
This wire also can be used for cladding steel
with nickel-chromium-molybdenum weld metal.
Techalloy 413 is used for TIG, MIG, and oxyfuel welding of 70/30, 80/20 and 90/10 copper-nickel alloys. This filler metal can be used
for MIG overlay on steel after a first layer with
Nickel 208 (Filler Metal 61). Dissimilar-welding applications include joining copper-nickel
alloys to Nickel 200 or nickel-copper alloys.
Carbon Manganese Silicon Chromium Molybdenum Tungsten Vanadium Nickel Iron www.techalloy.com / 1-800-638-1458 / Techalloy Welding Products
.03 Tensile Strength
0.50 107,000 PSI 43.6
Balance Elongation 35%
Carbon Titanium Chromium Nickel This alloy, due to its high molybdenum content,
offers excellent resistance to stress corrosion cracking, pitting, and crevice corrosion.
Techalloy 413
.05 .25 .15
43.6 55.9
High Chromium Nickel alloy used for joining, repair and overlay cladding of Ni-Cr and
Ni-Fe-Cr components. Material is resistant to
high temperature corrosion including fuel-ash
corrosion and erosion in atmospheres containing sulpher. This material is primarily used for
boiler tube overlay in coal fired boiler systems.
A preheat and interpass temperature of 350°F
(175°C) minimum is recommended during welding.
Techalloy 208
Carbon Manganese Silicon Iron Nickel Elongation Elongation Elongation Elongation 740 MPA
30%
40%
28%
40%
32%
WELDING WIRE
and
ELECTRODES
6
NICKEL & HIGH NICKEL ALLOY WELDING WIRES
MECHANICAL
TYPICAL CHEMICALPROPERTIES OF
COMPOSITIONALL WELD METAL
PRODUCT USESOF THE WIRE
(AS WELDED)
Techalloy 418
FM 60
AWS A5.14 ERNiCu-7
Techalloy 606
FM 82
AWS A5.14 ERNiCr-3
Techalloy 617
AWS A5.14 ERNiCrCoMo-1
Techalloy 418 is used for TIG or MIG welding of
nickel copper alloys (ASTM B127, B163, B164,
and B165 UNS Number N04400). This filler metal
can be used for MIG overlay on steel after a first
layer with nickel 208 (Filler Metal 61). Dissimilar
welding applications include joining nickel-copper alloys to Nickel 200 copper-nickel alloys.
Carbon .05
Manganese 3.45
Silicon .77
Titanium 2.25
Nickel 65.2
Copper Balance
Tensile Strength
76,500 PSI 530 MPA
Yield Strength
52,500 PSI 360 MPA
Techalloy 606 is used for TIG, MIG and SAW
welding of base metals such as ASTM B163,
B166, B167 and B168 – alloys which have UNS
Number N06600. It is one of the most used
nickel alloys whose applications range from
cryogenic to high temperatures. This filler metal
can also be used for dissimilar welding applications between various nickel alloys and stainless
or carbon steels, as well as for overlaying.
Carbon
.03
Manganese
2.85
Silicon
.22
Chromium
20.4
Columbium + Tantalum 2.5
Nickel
72.9
Tensile Strength
86,000 PSI 590 MPA
Yield Strength
52,000 PSI 360 MPA
Techalloy 617 is used for TIG, MIG, and SAW
welding of nickel-chrome-cobalt-molybdenum
alloys as well as between themselves and dissimilar
metals, such as stainless, carbon or low alloy steels.
This filler wire also can be used to overlay welding
where similar chemical composition is desired.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Cobalt
Molybdenum
Aluminum
Titanium
Nickel
.06
.20
.11
21.8
12.45
9.05
1.25
.25
Balance
Tensile Strength
112,000 PSI 770 MPA
Yield Strength
88,000 PSI 610 MPA
Techalloy 622 is an alloy of nickel with chromium,
molybdenum and tungsten as principal alloying
elements. It is used to weld alloys of similar
composition as well as dissimilar joints between
nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloys and stainless
or carbon or low alloy steels. It can also be used
for cladded overlay as well as spraying applications.
Techalloy 622 offers excellent corrosion resistance
in oxidizing as well as reducing media in a wide
variety of chemical process environments. It offers
an outstanding resistance to stress corrosion cracking, pitting, and crevice corrosion.
Carbon
Manganese
Iron
Chromium
Molybdenum
Tungsten
Nickel
.008
.20
3.1
21.5
13.5
3.5
Balance
Tensile Strength
115,000 PSI 790 MPA
Yield Strength
82,000 PSI 570 MPA
Techalloy 652 is used to weld base metal Alloy
690, and used extensively in the power boiler and
nuclear power industries. This filler metal contains
high levels of Chromium to resist stress corrosion
cracking and increased Niobium to resist ductility
dip cracking. Techalloy 652 can be used to overlay
low alloy and stainless steels.
Carbon
.03
Manganese
.25
Silicon
.30
Sulfur/Phosphorus .01/.01
Chromium
29.50
Nickel
58.00
Molybdenum
.01
Niobium/Tantalum
.75
Iron
9.00
Copper
.10
Cobalt
.02
Aluminum
.60
Titanium
.70
Aluminum + Titanium 1.30
Boron
.002
Zirconium
.005
The weld metal provides optimum strength and
oxidation resistance from 1500°F (815°C) up
to 2100°F (1150°C).
Techalloy 622
AWS A5.14 ERNiCrMo-10
TECHALLOY 652
AWS A5.14 ERNiCrFe-7A
Elongation Elongation Elongation Elongation 34%
38%
28%
38%
Tensile Strength
92,000 PSI
634 MPA
Yield Strength
52,000 PSI
360MPA
Elongation
45%
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7
WELDING WIRE
and
ELECTRODES
NICKEL & HIGH NICKEL ALLOY WELDING WIRES
MECHANICAL
TYPICAL CHEMICALPROPERTIES OF
COMPOSITIONALL WELD METAL
PRODUCT USESOF THE WIRE
(AS WELDED)
Techalloy 625/
625HWT
AWS A5.14 ERNiCrMo-3
Techalloy 625 is used for TIG, MIG, and SAW welding of nickel-chrome-molybdenum alloys. This filler
metal is very versatile in its applications. It can
be used for welding of dissimilar joints between
nickel-chrome-molybdenum alloys and stainless
or carbon or low alloy steels. It can also be used
for cladding as well as for spraying applications.
Techalloy 625 with low iron (less than 0.8%) is
preferred in various applications where dilution
of iron must be controlled to the minimum.
Carbon
.009
Manganese
.05
Silicon
.12
Chromium
21.9
Molybdenum
8.65
Columbium + Tantalum 3.7
Nickel
Balance
Iron
.40
Tensile Strength
114,500 790 MPA
Yield Strength
85,000 PSI 590 MPA
Techalloy 625FCA is a gas shielded, all position flux cored wire that provides a final weld
chemistry equivalent to the compostion requirements of AWS A5.14 ERNiCrMoT-3 solid wire.
Used for dissimilar welding of NiCrMo Alloys
to Steel, for surfacing Carbon & Low Alloy
Steels, and for joining Ni-Cr-Mo alloys.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Columbium
Molybdenum
Nickel
Tensile Strength
110 PSI
786 MPA
Yield Strength
80 PSI
550 MPA
Techalloy 718 is used for TIG welding alloys 718,
706, and X-750. It is mainly used for welding
high-strength aircraft components, and liquid
rocket components involving cryogenic temperatures. This alloy can be age hardened to higher
strengths.
Carbon
.04
Manganese
.25
Silicon
.2
Chromium
19.0
Molybdenum
3.1
Columbium + Tantalum 5.05
Titanium
.9
Aluminum
.4
Nickel
Balance
Iron
17.55
Elongation 27%
The high alloy content of Techalloy 625 enables it
to withstand highly corrosive environments. The
combination of nickel and chromium provides the
resistance to oxidizing conditions and the combination of nickel and molybdenum provides resistance
to reducing conditions. Due to its molybdenum
content, this alloy offers resistance to stress corrosion cracking, pitting, and crevice corrosion.
Techalloy 625HWT is engineered to work with the
standard Gas Tungsten Arc process with an AC
power source to preheat the welding wire before
introduction to the GTA heat source. This enables
automated systems with continuous wire feed to
achieve a high quality, high deposition rate overlay.
TECHALLOY 625
FCA
AWS A5.34 ENiCrMo3T1
Techalloy 718
AWS A5.14 ERNiFeCr-2
Techalloy 825
AWS A5.14 ERNiFeCr-1
Techalloy 825 is used for TIG, MIG, and SAW welding of nickel-iron-chromium-molybdenum-copper
alloys. This can also be used to overlay cladding
where similar chemical composition is required.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Iron
Chromium
Molybdenum
Copper
Nickel
Titanium
Techalloy ® is a registered trademark of Techalloy Welding Products
www.techalloy.com / 1-800-638-1458 / Techalloy Welding Products
.04
.35
.30
21.5
3.5
9.0
59
.01
.45
.25
29.0
21.5
3.1
2.0
42.6
1.0
Elongation
30%
Tensile Strength
125,000 PSI 860 MPA
Yield Strength
91,000 PSI 630 MPA
Elongation 27%
Tensile Strength
88,500 PSI 610 MPA
Yield Strength
61,000 PSI 420 MPA
Elongation 34%
WELDING WIRE
and
ELECTRODES
8
NICKEL & HIGH NICKEL ALLOY WELDING WIRES
RECOMMENDED WELDING PARAMETERS
FOR TIG, MIG, & SAW WELDING OF NICKEL ALLOYS
ProcessDiameter of Wire
Voltage (V)
Amperage (A)
Gas
TIG .035 inches (0.9 mm) 12-15 60-90 100% Argon
.045 inches (1.2 mm) 13-16 80-110 100% Argon
1/16 inches (1.6 mm) 14-18 90-130 100% Argon
3/32 inches (2.4 mm) 15-20 120-175 100% Argon
1/8 inches (3.2 mm) 15-20 150-220 100% Argon
.035 inches (0.9 mm) 26-29 150-190 75% Argon + 25% Helium
.045 inches (1.2 mm) 28-32 180-220 75% Argon + 25% Helium
1/16 inches (1.6 mm) 29-33 200-250 75% Argon + 25% Helium
3/32 inches (2.4 mm) 28-30 275-350 Suitable Flux may be used
1/8 inches (3.2 mm) 29-32 350-450 Suitable Flux may be used
5/32 inches (4.0 mm) 30-33 400-550 Suitable Flux may be used
MIG SAW TYPICAL CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF NICKEL & HIGH NICKEL WIRES
Product Specification
C Mn Si Fe
Cr
MoNi Cb
AWS A5.14 +Ta
Techalloy 55 None .05 Techalloy 72 ERNiCr-4
.03
.25 .15 43.6 Techalloy 99 ERNiCl (AWS A5.15) .05 43.6
W
.22 .05 99.6
.30 .40 95.5 Techalloy 276 .01 .55 .04 5.5 15.55 16.10 BAL Techalloy 413 (FM 67) ERCuNi (AWS A5.7) .75 .10 .003 .008 .5 31.0 .40
65.2
.002 .009
Techalloy 606 (FM 82) ERNiCr-3 .03 2.85 .22 1.1 20.4 72.9 2.5 .001 .003
Techalloy 617 (FM 617) ERNiCrCoMo-1 .06 Techalloy 622 ERNiCrMo-10 .008 .20 .04 3.1 21.5 13.5 Techalloy 652 ERNiCrFe-7A .03
.05 3.45 .77
.20 .11 .25 .30
.75 21.8 9.00 29.50
Ti
9.05 BAL BAL .01 58.0 0.50
3.00 0.02
.006 .1 .35 BAL
2.25 BAL
.001 .005 1.25 .25 12.45 Co
3.5 .002 .005
.01 .01 .60
.70
Techalloy 625/625HWT ERNiCrMo-3 (FM 625)
.009 .05 .12 .40 21.9 8.65 64.5 3.7 .002 .006 .17 .19
Techalloy 625FCA*
.62 21.5
9.0
.015 .020
ENiCrMo3T1
Cu
3.65 .002 .009
.55 Techalloy 418 (FM 60) ERNiCu-7 Al
Bal
.06 ERNiCrMo-4 P
55.9
Techalloy 208 (FM 61) ERNi-1 .10 S
.04
.35 .30
Techalloy 718 (FM 718) ERNiFeCr-2 .04 .25 .20 17.55 19.0 3.10 53.3 5.05 59
3.5
.004 .001 .40 .90
Techalloy 825 (FM 65) ERNiFeCr-1 .01 .45 .25 29.0 21.5 3.1
.001 .015 .10 1.0 42.6 .10
2.0
*Specification: AWS A5.34
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9
WELDING WIRE
and
ELECTRODES
NICKEL & HIGH NICKEL ALLOY ELECTRODES
Techalloy’s extensive line
of nickel alloy coated electrodes blends weld-appeal
with proper metallurgy for
optimum performance.
MECHANICAL
TYPICAL CHEMICALPROPERTIES OF
COMPOSITIONALL WELD METAL
PRODUCT USESOF THE DEPOSIT
(AS WELDED)
Tech-Rod 55
AWS A5.15 ENiFe-Cl
Tech-Rod 99
AWS A5.15 ENi-Cl
Tech-Rod 112
AWS A5.11 ENiCrMo-3
Tech-Rod 55 is used for welding of cast irons to
themselves as well as for joining cast irons to
mild steels. It is also employed for the repair of
castings. The welds are moderately hard and
require carbide tipped tools for machining. A
preheat and interpass temperature of not less
than 350°F (175°C) is required during welding.
Carbon .9 Manganese .74
Silicon
2.09
Iron
40.2
Copper
1.9
Nickel
54.5
Tensile Strength
84,000 PSI
580 MPA
Yield Strength
59,500 PSI 410 MPA
Tech-Rod 99 is designed for welding of gray
iron castings to themselves as well as joining them to mild steels or stainless steels. It
is also used extensively to repair castings.
The welds are quite machinable. A preheat
and interpass temperature of not less than
350°F is recommended during welding.
Carbon
.85
Manganese
.25
Silicon
1.73
Iron
4.2
Copper
1.45
Nickel 91.50
Tensile Strength
72,000 PSI 500 MPA
Yield Strength
56,500 PSI 390 MPA
Tech-Rod 112 is a covered electrode which is
used to weld nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloys.
It is also used extensively in overlay cladding
where similar chemical composition is required
on the clad side. Its applications include dissimilar
joints between nickel-chromium-molybdenum
alloys to either stainless steels, carbon, or low
alloy steels. These electrodes are used in applications where the temperature ranges from
cryogenic up to 1800°F.
Carbon
.03
Manganese
.35
Silicon
.34
Iron
1.5
Chromium
21.5
Molybdenum
9.2
Columbium + Tantalum 3.55
Nickel
Balance
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Elongation Elongation 8%
5%
Tensile Strength
114,500 PSI 790 MPA
Yield Strength
89,500 PSI 620 MPA
Elongation
34%
WELDING WIRE
and
E L E C T R O D E S 10
NICKEL & HIGH NICKEL ALLOY ELECTRODES
MECHANICAL
TYPICAL CHEMICALPROPERTIES OF
COMPOSITIONALL WELD METAL
PRODUCT USESOF THE DEPOSIT
(AS WELDED)
Tech-Rod 117
AWS A5.11 ENiCrCoMo-1
Tech-Rod 117 is a covered electrode which is
used for welding of nickel-chromium-cobaltmolybdenum alloys (UNS number N06617).
This electrode can also be used for overlay
cladding where similar alloy is required.
Carbon
.06
Manganese
.45
Silicon
.35
Iron
1.5
Chromium
21.65
Molybdenum
8.8
Cobalt
11.85
Aluminum
.65
Nickel
Balance
Tensile Strength
110,000 PSI
760 MPA
Yield Strength
87,000 PSI 600 MPA
Tech-Rod 122 electrodes are used for welding of
nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloys as well as
for overlay cladding on carbon, low alloy, or stainless steels. They are also used for dissimilar joints
between nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloys
and stainless, carbon, or low alloy steels. Typical
specifications for the nickel-chromium-molybdenum
base metals are ASTM, F574, B619, B622, and
B626 – all of which have UNS Number N06022.
Tech-Rod 122 offers excellent corrosion resistance
in oxidizing as well as reducing media in a wide
variety of chemical process environments. It offers
an outstanding resistance to stress corrosion cracking, pitting, and crevice corrosion.
Carbon
.014
Manganese
.35
Silicon
.16
Chromium
21.2
Molybdenum
13.1
Tungsten
3.3
Nickel
Balance
Iron
3.9
Tensile Strength
114,000 PSI 790 MPA
Yield Strength
78,500 PSI 540 MPA
Tech-Rod 135 is a covered electrode which is used
for nickel-iron-chromium-molybdenum-copper
alloys. This can also be used for overlay cladding
where similar chemical composition is required.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Iron
Chromium
Molybdenum
Copper
Nickel
Weld metal provides optimum strength and
oxidation resistance above 1500°F up to
2100°F, especially when welding on base
metals of nickel-iron-chromium alloys.
Tech-Rod 122
AWS A5.11 ENiCrMo-10
Tech-Rod 135
No AWS Specification
Tech-Rod 141
AWS A5.11 ENi-1
TECH-ROD 152
AWS A5.11 ENiCrFe-7
Tech-Rod 182
AWS A5.11 ENiCrFe-3
Tech-Rod 141 is used for welding of cast and
wrought forms of commercially pure nickel. These
electrodes can also be used for surfacing as well
as dissimilar welding between nickel and steel
or stainless steel.
.02
2.1
.40
27.4
29.3
3.2
1.8
35.2
Elongation
26%
Impact Strength
600 ft. lbs. at
Room Temperature
Elongation
36%
Impact Strength
60 ft. lbs at
Room Temperature
Tensile Strength
87,000 PSI 600 MPA
Yield Strength
71,000 PSI 490 MPA
Elongation 33%
Carbon
.04
Manganese
.45
Silicon
.50
Iron
.35 Titanium
1.05
Nickel
97.6
Tensile Strength
64,500 PSI 500 MPA
Yield Strength
58,500 PSI 400 MPA
Tech-Rod 152 electrodes are used for welding
Nickel-Chromium-Iron alloys such as Alloy 690.
The weld metal contains high Chromium that
imparts excellent resistance to general corrosion and stress corrosion cracking. The higher
Niobium content provides resistance to ductility dip cracking. The electrode can be used for
overlays of low alloy and stainless steels.
Carbon
.03
Manganese
3.25
Silicon
.40
Sulfur/Phosphorus .01/.01
Chromium
29.75
Nickel
54.50
Molybdenum
.32
Niobium + Tantalum 2.25
Iron
9.50
Tensile Strength
90,000 PSI
620 MPA
Yield Strength
55,000 PSI
379 MPA
Tech-Rod 182 electrodes are used for welding of nickel-chromium-iron alloys to themselves, and for dissimilar welding between
nickel-chromium-iron alloys and steels or stainless steels. The applications include surfacing
as well as clad-side welding. High manganese
of this weld deposit reduces the possibility of
micro fissures. High manganese reduces creep
strength, which limits its usage up to 900°F.
Carbon
.03
Manganese
6.5
Silicon
.42
Iron
7.4
Chromium
15.25
Columbium + Tantalum 1.75
Nickel
68.60
Elongation
Elongation
26%
40%
Tensile Strength
84,500 PSI 580 MPA
Yield Strength
53,500 PSI 370 MPA
Elongation 36%
www.techalloy.com / 1-800-638-1458 / Techalloy Welding Products
11 W E L D I N G W I R E
and
ELECTRODES
NICKEL & HIGH NICKEL ALLOY ELECTRODES
MECHANICAL
TYPICAL CHEMICALPROPERTIES OF
COMPOSITIONALL WELD METAL
PRODUCT USESOF THE DEPOSIT
(AS WELDED)
Tech-Rod 187
AWS A5.6 ECuNi
Tech-Rod 190
AWS A5.11 ENiCu-7
Tech-Rod 276
AWS A5.11 ENiCrMo-4
Tech-Rod 187 is a copper-nickel, all-position
electrode for shielded metal arc welding of
wrought or cast alloys of similar composition
as well as 80 Cu + 20 Ni and 90 Cu + 10 Ni
alloys. It is also used for the clad side of copper-nickel clad steels. This filler metal is widely
used in marine applications because of its good
resistance to the corrosive elements of sea water.
Nickel
30.5
Manganese
1.8
Silicon
.35
Iron
.62
Titanium
.2
Copper
Balance
Tech-Rod 190 is used for welding materials
of nickel-copper-alloys to themselves (such as
ASTM, B127, B163, B164, B165 – all of which
have UNS Number N04400). They also can be
used for overlay welding as well as for welding
of clad steels where nickel-copper surfacing is
required. Dissimilar welding applications including joining nickel 200 and copper-nickel alloys.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Iron
Titanium
Copper
Nickel
.03
3.2
.9
.95
.65
28.2
67.6
Tech-Rod 276 is used for welding materials
of similar composition. This low carbon nickelchromium-molybdenum filler metal can also
be used for dissimilar welding between nickel
base alloys and stainless steels, as well as for
surfacing and cladding.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Iron
Molybdenum
Tungsten
Chromium
Nickel
.015
.4
.14
5.5
16.1
3.25
15.5
59.1
Tensile Strength
106,000 PSI 730 MPA
Yield Strength
78,500 PSI 540 MPA
Carbon
.04
Manganese
1.75
Silicon
.32
Chromium
15.5
Molybdenum
1.5
Columbium + Tantalum 1.25
Iron
8.5
Nickel
71.15
Tensile Strength
89,000 PSI
610 MPA
Yield Strength
72,000 PSI 500 MPA
Due to high molybdenum content this alloy
offers excellent resistance to stress corrosion
cracking and pitting and crevice corrosion.
Tech-Rod Weld A
AWS A5.11 ENiCrFe-2
Tech-Rod Weld A electrodes are used for welding
of nickel-chromium-iron alloys to themselves
as well as for dissimilar welding between various nickel alloys and carbon or stainless steels.
These electrodes can also be used for overlay
cladding where similar alloy is needed. These
electrodes have wide applications ranging
from cryogenic temperatures up to 1500°F.
Techalloy ®, Tech-Rod® is a registered trademark of Techalloy Welding Products.
www.techalloy.com / 1-800-638-1458 / Techalloy Welding Products
Tensile Strength
54,500 PSI 380 MPA
Yield Strength
37,500 PSI 260 MPA
Elongation 28%
Tensile Strength
75,500 PSI 520 MPA
Yield Strength
52,000 PSI 360 MPA
Elongation
Elongation
Elongation
39%
39%
36%
WELDING WIRE
and
E L E C T R O D E S 12
NICKEL & HIGH NICKEL ALLOY ELECTRODES
TYPICAL ELECTRODE SIZES & CURRENTS FOR SMAW WELDING OF NICKEL ALLOYS
ProcessDiameter of Wire
Voltage (V)
Amperage (A)
Flat
Vertical & Overhead
65-75
3/32 inches (2.4 mm) 24-28 70-85 1/8 inches (3.2 mm) 26-30 85-110 80-90
5/32 inches (4.0 mm) 28-32 110-140 100-120
3/16 inches (4.8 mm) 28-32 120-160 110-130
SMAW TYPICAL CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF NICKEL & HIGH NICKEL COVERED ELECTRODES
Product Specification C Mn Si Fe Cr Mo Ni Cb
AWS A5.11
+Ta
W
S
P
Ti Al Other
Tech-Rod 55 ENiFe-Cl (AWS A5.15) .9
.74 2.09 40.2
54.5
.006
.012
1.9 Cu
Tech-Rod 99
ENiCl (AWS A5.15)
.85
.25 1.73
4.2
91.5
.005
.015
1.45 Cu
Tech-Rod 112 ENiCrMo-3
.03
.35
.34
1.50 21.5
9.20 63.15 3.55
.005
.009
.09 .10
Tech-Rod 117 ENiCrCoMo-1
.06
.45
.35
1.50 21.65
8.80
.005
.012
.10 .65 11.85 Co
Tech-Rod 122 ENiCrMo-10
.014
.35
.16
3.90 21.20 13.1
3.30 .005
.012
Tech-Rod 135 None
.02
Tech-Rod 141 ENi-1
.04
.45
.50
Tech-Rod 152 ENiCrFe-7
.03
3.25
.40
9.5
29.75
Tech-Rod 182 ENiCrFe-3
.03
6.50
.42
7.4
15.25
Tech-Rod 187 ECuNi (AWS A5.6)
1.80
.35
Tech-Rod 190 ENiCu-7
.03
3.20
.90
Tech-Rod 276 ENiCrMo-4
.015
.40
.14
5.5
1.75
.32
8.50 15.50
Tech-Rod WELD A ENiCrFe-2
.04
2.1
.40 27.4
29.3
3.20
BAL
BAL
35.2
.005
.009
97.6
.005
.01
.01
.01
68.6 1.75
.007
.012
.62
30.5
.004
.009
.20
.95
67.6
.006
.009
.65 .05 28.2 Cu
3.25 .004
.012
.35
.32 54.50
15.50 16.10
59.1
1.50 71.15 1.25
.006
1.8 Cu
1.05
Bal Cu
.009
www.techalloy.com / 1-800-638-1458 / Techalloy Welding Products
13 W E L D I N G W I R E
and
ELECTRODES
SUGGESTIONS FOR WELDING NICKEL & HIGH NICKEL ALLOYS
Nickel and High Nickel Alloys are used in fabrication
joint, which will provide better accessibility to the
of equipment which has to withstand highly corrosive
welder. Another characteristic of nickel alloy weld
environments. Often the corrosion is enhanced by the
metal is the lower penetration. This necessitates the
operating conditions of high pressure and temperature.
use of a smaller land at the root of the joint. For join-
Various high nickel alloys are developed and are being
ing tubes and pipes, they should be purged and filled
developed to meet these demanding conditions. In
with inert gas before welding to avoid oxidation at the
some cases the mild and low alloy steel equipment and
root. For manual welding, appropriate current ranges
vessels are clad by nickel alloys to combat corrosion.
should be used to avoid overheating. Overheating of
Techalloy Welding Products manufactures nickel and
the electrode could result in loss of deoxidizers and
nickel alloy welding consumables for TIG, MIG, SAW
and SMAW processes. The products and process
parameters are provided in the tables on pages 8 and
12 for easy reference.
Welding of nickel is different from welding other metals
and alloys. Two characteristics contribute to this difference:
• Nickel could form a tenacious viscous oxide
during welding which restricts the wettability
and flow of the weld metal.
• Nickel is highly susceptible to embrittlement
by sulfur, phosphorus, lead and other lowmelting substances.
The weld metal flow problem can be reduced by:
• Selecting an appropriate joint design.
• Choosing the correct type of gas and gas
breakdown of the binder of the flux, leading to defective welding. MIG welding calls for helium additions
to argon to improve the wetting of the weld metal.
For TIG welding, argon or argon-helium mixtures are
generally used. Gas flow rates of 30 to 50 CFH are
required to obtain high quality welds. With submerged
arc welding, the flux may need to be pre-baked before
welding to reduce the chances of weld defects due to
moisture. A procedure test is generally required to
assure that the proposed welding parameters and filler
metals result in sound and acceptable chemical and
mechanical properties of the welds.
As the cleanliness of the welding consumables is of
paramount importance, Techalloy Welding Products
has incorporated in-line cleaning systems to ensure the
requisite degree of cleanliness.
flow rate to ensure proper protection from
Should you need to have more information or discuss
atmospheric oxygen.
applications or welding parameters, do not hesitate to
• Clean welding consumables which do not contain any lubricants or oxides or contaminants.
• Selecting a superior formulated covered electrode to ensure proper flow and cleanliness.
call us at 1-800-638-1458.
Electrode Storage & Reconditioning
Coated electrodes just removed from sealed containers are intended for use as is out of the container.
The weld area on both sides of the weld joint must
Electrodes from open containers should be stored in
be lightly ground to remove oxide from the surface.
a holding oven at 215°F – 240°F.
Interpass cleaning is essential to ensure complete slag
Open cans of electrodes exposed to a high humidity
removal as well as fusion between the weld beads.
atmosphere for more than four hours or low humid-
Weld joint designs used for nickel alloy welding should
ity for more than eight hours should be reconditioned
be different from those used for welding steels. The
before using by baking in a drying oven for 1-2 hours
sluggish nature of the weld metal calls for more open
at 400°F – 500°F.
www.techalloy.com / 1-800-638-1458 / Techalloy Welding Products
WELDING WIRE
and
E L E C T R O D E S 14
STAINLESS STEEL WELDING WIRES
MECHANICAL
TYPICAL CHEMICALPROPERTIES OF
COMPOSITIONALL WELD METAL
PRODUCT USESOF THE WIRE
(AS WELDED)
Techalloy 307
A popular European grade 1.4370 used for automotive exhaust applications and dissimilar stainless
grades.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Nickel
WRC FN Techalloy
308/308H
Techalloy 308/308H is used for TIG, MIG, and
submerged arc welding of unstabilized stainless
steels such as Types 301, 302, 304, 305, 308. This
filler metal is the most popular grade among stainless steels, used for general-purpose applications
where corrosion conditions are moderate.
Can also be certified as ER308H.
Carbon
.05
Manganese
1.65
Silicon
.46
Chromium
20.45
Nickel
9.85
WRC FN
8
Techalloy 308/308L has the same analysis as
type 308 except the carbon content has been
held to a maximum of .03% to reduce the possibility of intergranular carbide precipitation.
Ideal for welding Types 304L, 321, and 347
stainless steels. This is a suitable wire for
applications at cryogenic temperatures.
Carbon
.019
Manganese
1.72
Silicon
.46
Chromium
20.8
Nickel
10.1
WRC FN
8
Techalloy 308LHS is a stainless steel welding
wire for MIG welding. This wire is used to weld
equipment made with 304 and 308 stainless
grades. Welding speed is higher than 308 or
308L due to improved wettability of weld metal.
Carbon
.016
Manganese
1.65
Silicon
.85
Chromium
20.65
Nickel
10.00
WRC FN
8
AWS A5.9 ER308H
AWS A5.9 ER308
Techalloy
308/308L
AWS A5.9 ER308L
AWS A5.9 ER308
Techalloy
308LHS
AWS A5.9 ER308LSi
Techalloy
309/309L
AWS A5.9 ER309L
AWS A5.9 ER309
Techalloy
309LHS
AWS A5.9 ER309LSi
Techalloy
309LMo
Techalloy 310
AWS A5.9 ER310
.07
6.6
.90
18.7
8.9
5
Tensile Strength
88,500 PSI
610 MPA
Yield Strength
59,500 PSI
410 MPA
Elongation 39%
Tensile Strength
85,000 PSI
590 MPA
Yield Strength
57,000 PSI
390 MPA
Elongation 40%
Tensile Strength
86,500 PSI 600 MPA
Yield Strength
59,000 PSI 410 MPA
Elongation 39%
Techalloy 309/309L is of similar composition as
Techalloy 309 except for the carbon content being
lower than .03%. The lower carbon content reduces
the possibility of intergranular corrosion. Techalloy
309L is preferred over 309 for cladding over carbon or low alloy steels, as well as for dissimilar
joints that undergo heat treatment.
Carbon
.021
Manganese
1.75
Silicon
.51
Chromium
23.40
Nickel
12.70
WRC FN
12
Tensile Strength
85,000 PSI 590 MPA
Yield Strength
58,000 PSI 400 MPA
Techalloy 309LHS is of the same chemical composition as 309L, with higher silicon content to
improve the bead appearance and increase welding
ease. The weld beads are exceptionally smooth due
to good wetting.
Carbon
.019
Manganese
1.85
Silicon
.84
Chromium
23.50
Nickel
12.95
WRC FN
10
Tensile Strength
89,500 PSI 620 MPA
Yield Strength
60,500 PSI 420 MPA
Techalloy 309LMo is of the same composition
as ER309L, with the addition of 2.0-3.0 percent Molybdenum to improve pitting corrosion
properties in chloride containing environments.
Techalloy 309LMo can be used to join base metals of similar composition, dissimilar ferrous alloys
and is most often used to overlay carbon and low
alloy base metals.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Sulfur/Phosphorus
Chromium
Nickel
Molybdenum
Copper
Nitrogen
WRC FN
.01
1.40
.40
.01/.02
22.30
15.00
2.60
.10
.05
9
Techalloy 310 is used for the welding of stainless steels of similar composition in wrought or
cast form. The weld deposit is fully austenitic
and calls for low heat during welding. This filler
metal can also be used for dissimilar welding.
Carbon
.11
Manganese
1.90
Silicon
.40
Chromium
27.10
Nickel
20.95
WRC FN
0
Elongation Elongation Tensile Strength
85,000 PSI
Yield Strength
45,000 PSI
Elongation
36%
34%
585 MPA
310 MPA
40%
Tensile Strength
89,500 PSI
620 MPA
Yield Strength
60,500 PSI
420 MPA
Elongation 34%
www.techalloy.com / 1-800-638-1458 / Techalloy Welding Products
15 W E L D I N G W I R E
and
ELECTRODES
STAINLESS STEEL WELDING WIRES
MECHANICAL
TYPICAL CHEMICALPROPERTIES OF
COMPOSITIONALL WELD METAL
PRODUCT USESOF THE WIRE
(AS WELDED)
Techalloy 312
AWS A5.9 ER312
Techalloy
316/316L
AWS A5.9 ER316L
AWS A5.9 ER316
Techalloy
316LHS
AWS A5.9 ER316LSi
Techalloy 317L
AWS A5.9 ER317L
Techalloy 320LR
AWS A5.9 ER320LR
Techalloy 330
AWS A5.9 ER330
Techalloy 347
AWS A5.9 ER347
Techalloy 312 is used to weld cast alloys of
similar composition and is used to weld dissimilar metals and weld overlays. This alloy has
very high ferrite. When welding similar cast
alloys, limit welding to two or three layers only.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Nickel
Molybdenum
WRC Ferrite
.11
1.64
.44
29.6
8.9
.08
30 min
Techalloy 316/316L has the same analysis as
ER316, except that the carbon content is limited
to a maximum of 0.03% in order to reduce the
possibility of formation of intergranular carbide
precipitation. This filler metal is primarily used
for welding low carbon molybdenum-bearing
austenitic alloys. This low carbon alloy is not as
strong at elevated temperatures as ER316H.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Nickel
Molybdenum
WRC FN
.016
1.87
.48
19.32
13.2
2.25
6
Techalloy 316LHS is similar to 316L, with higher
silicon content for optimum ease in welding
and smooth bead appearance. Higher productivity could be realized in MIG welding.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Nickel
Molybdenum
WRC FN
.022
1.80
.85
19.25
12.60
2.45
8
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Nickel
Molybdenum
WRC FN
.017
1.66
.44
19.4
13.85
3.25
6
Techalloy 317L is used for welding stainless
steels with similar composition. Due to its
higher molybdenum content, this alloy offers
high resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion. Lower carbon makes the weld metal less
susceptible to intergranular corrosion.
Tensile Strength
109,500 PSI
760 MPA
Yield Strength
78,500 PSI
540 MPA
Elongation 45%
Tensile Strength
86,000 PSI
590 MPA
Yield Strength
58,000 PSI 400 MPA
Elongation 36%
Tensile Strength
86,500 PSI
600 MPA
Yield Strength
58,500 PSI
400 MPA
Elongation 36%
Tensile Strength
84,500 580 MPA
Yield Strength
58,000 PSI 400 MPA
Elongation 35%
Techalloy 320LR has a composition similar to
Techalloy 320, except that carbon, silicon, phosphorus, and sulfur levels are kept at lower levels as
well as the columbium and manganese being specified at a narrower range. The low melting residuals
are limited in this alloy to reduce the possibility of
microfissuring. It is for this reason that this alloy is
often used for welding Type 320 stainless steels.
Carbon
.025
Manganese
1.6
Silicon
.05
Chromium
19.6
Nickel
34.1
Molybdenum
2.5
Columbium + Tantalum .25
Sulfur
.001
Phosphorus
.007
Copper
3.4
WRC FN
0
Tensile Strength
86,000 PSI 590 MPA
Yield Strength
57,500 PSI 400 MPA
Techalloy 330 is used to weld cast and wrought
material of similar chemical composition. The
weld metal provides excellent heat and scale
resistance up to 1800°F. However, high sulfur
environments may adversely affect elevated
temperature performance. This being a fully
austenitic alloy, heat input is necessary.
Carbon
.23
Manganese
1.95
Silicon
.42
Chromium
15.95
Nickel
35.2
WRC FN
0
Tensile Strength
84,000 PSI 580 MPA
Yield Strength
56,500 PSI 390 MPA
Techalloy 347 is a columbium-stabilized stainless steel welding wire used to weld Types 321
and 347. Addition of columbium reduces the
possibility of chromium carbide precipitation
and consequent intergranular corrosion.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Nickel
Columbium
WRC FN
www.techalloy.com / 1-800-638-1458 / Techalloy Welding Products
.04
1.65
.52
19.9
9.75
.72
10
Elongation Elongation 35%
29%
Tensile Strength
86,500 PSI 600 MPA
Yield Strength
57,000 PSI 390 MPA
Elongation 35%
WELDING WIRE
and
E L E C T R O D E S 16
STAINLESS STEEL WELDING WIRES
MECHANICAL
TYPICAL CHEMICALPROPERTIES OF
COMPOSITIONALL WELD METAL
PRODUCT USESOF THE WIRE
(AS WELDED)
Techalloy 385
AWS A5.9 ER385
(904L)
Techalloy 409Cb
AWS A5.9 ER409Cb
Techalloy 410
AWS A5.9 ER410
Techalloy 385 is used for welding materials of
similar chemical composition which are used
for fabrication of equipment and vessels for
handling of sulfuric acid and many chloride containing media. This filler metal may also find
applications for joining Type 317L material where
improved corrosion resistance in specific media
is needed. In order to reduce the propensity for
fissuring and hot cracking, the low melting constituents such as carbon, silicon and phosphorus
are controlled to lower levels in this alloy.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Nickel
Copper
Molybdenum
WRC FN
.019
2.05
.35
20.5
25.1
1.6
4.6
0
Tensile Strength
86,500 PSI 600 MPA
Yield Strength
59,500 PSI 410 MPA
Techalloy 409Cb is a ferritic stainless steel welding wire which is used to weld type 409 and 409Ti
base materials. Addition of columbium leads to a
preferential reaction with carbon, saving chromium
from forming carbides. This improves corrosion
resistance, increases strength at high temperatures, and promotes ferritic micro-structure.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Columbium
.05
.62
.48
11.5
.35
Tensile Strength
67,000 PSI 460 MPA
Yield Strength
50,500 PSI 350 MPA
Elongation Techalloy 410 is used to weld Types 403, 405,
410, and 416. It is also used for welding overlay
on carbon steels to resist corrosion, erosion, or
abrasion. This material, being an air hardening
type, calls for preheating of the joint to 350°F
before welding.
Carbon
.11
Manganese
.45
Silicon
.39
Chromium
12.5
Tensile Strength
89,000 PSI 620 MPA
Yield Strength
78,500 PSI 540 MPA
Elongation NOTE: Mechanical properties listed to the right
reflect utilization of a post-weld heat treatment
between 1350°F and 1400°F for one hour.
Elongation 36%
26%
24%
www.techalloy.com / 1-800-638-1458 / Techalloy Welding Products
17 W E L D I N G W I R E
and
ELECTRODES
STAINLESS STEEL WELDING WIRES
MECHANICAL
TYPICAL CHEMICALPROPERTIES OF
COMPOSITIONALL WELD METAL
PRODUCT USESOF THE WIRE
(AS WELDED)
Techalloy
410NiMo
AWS A5.9 ER410NiMo
Techalloy 410NiMo is used primarily to weld cast
and wrought material of similar chemical composition. Preheating and interpass temperature of not
less than 300°F are required.
NOTE: Mechanical properties listed to the right
reflect utilization of a post-weld heat treatment
between 1100°F and 1150°F for one hour.
Techalloy 420
AWS A5.9 ER420
Techalloy 420 has a higher carbon content than
Techalloy 410. This alloy is often used for surfacing
applications which call for superior resistance to
abrasion. It requires preheat and interpass temperatures of not less than 400°F, followed by slow
cooling. Post weld heat treatment is used to temper
the weld deposit.
Carbon
.02
Manganese
.45
Silicon
.4
Chromium
11.8
Nickel
4.50
Molybdenum
.55
Tensile Strength
118,500 PSI 820 MPA
Yield Strength
92,000 PSI 630 MPA
Carbon
.29
Manganese
.45
Silicon
.35
Chromium
13.2
Tensile Strength
145,000 PSI 1000 MPA
Yield Strength
120,000 PSI 830 MPA
Carbon
.07
Manganese
.44
Silicon
.36
Chromium
16.5
Tensile Strength
77,500 PSI 530 MPA
Yield Strength
59,000 PSI 410 MPA
Elongation Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Columbium
Tensile Strength
74,000 PSI
Elongation 20%
NOTE: Mechanical properties are greatly influenced
by changes in welding parameters such as preheat
and interpass temperatures.
Techalloy 430
AWS A5.9 ER430
Techalloy 430 is a ferritic stainless steel which
offers good ductility in heat treated condition.
In addition to the applications of welding similar
alloys, it is also used for overlays and thermal
spraying.
NOTE: Mechanical properties listed to the right
reflect utilization of a post-weld heat treatment
between 1400°F and 1450°F for two hours.
Techalloy
430LCb
Techalloy 430LCb is stabilized ferritic steel, which
offers superior mechanical properties to 430
grade. In addition its fatigue resistance is also
higher, the fact that lead to its spontaneous
popularity in the automotive industry. This product is also used for overlay cladding as well as
in thermal spray applications. Preheating of the
joint to a minimum of 300°F is recommended.
Welding must be done with very low heat input.
.01
.51
.40
18.20
.40
Yield Strength
60,000 PSI
25%
510 MPA
40 MPA
Elongation 25%
Carbon
.03
Manganese
.54
Silicon
.43
Chromium
16.49
Nickel
4.78
Copper
3.6
Columbium + Tantalum .22
Tensile Strength
150,000 PSI 1030 MPA
NOTE: Mechanical properties reflect the heattreated specimen at 1400°F to 1450°F for
two hours.
Techalloy 630
AWS A5.9 ER630
(17-4PH)
Techalloy 630 is a precipitation hardening stainless steel used for welding of materials of similar
chemical composition. Mechanical properties of this
alloy are greatly influenced by the heat treatment.
NOTE: Mechanical properties listed to the right
reflect utilization of a post-weld heat treatment
between 1875°F and 1925°F for one hour,
followed by precipitation hardening between
1135°F and 1165°F for four hours.
www.techalloy.com / 1-800-638-1458 / Techalloy Welding Products
Yield Strength
135,000 PSI
Elongation 930 MPA
10%
WELDING WIRE
and
E L E C T R O D E S 18
STAINLESS STEEL WELDING WIRES
MECHANICAL
TYPICAL CHEMICALPROPERTIES OF
COMPOSITIONALL WELD METAL
PRODUCT USESOF THE WIRE
(AS WELDED)
Techalloy 2209
AWS A5.9 ER2209
(Duplex Grade)
Techalloy 2594
AWS A5.9 ER2594
(Super Duplex Grade)
Techalloy 2209 is a filler material designed to
weld duplex stainless steels such as UNS Number
N31803. The welds are characterized by high
tensile strength and improved resistance to stress
corrosion cracking and pitting. The wire is lower in
ferrite compared to that of base metal in order to
obtain improved weldability.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Nickel
Molybdenum
Nitrogen
WRC FN
.016
1.4
.45
22.4
8.5
3.2
.18
40 min.
Tensile Strength
105,000 PSI 720 MPA
Yield Strength
80,500 PSI
560 MPA
Techalloy 2594 provides matching chemistry and
mechanical property characteristics to wrought
superduplex alloys such as 2507and Zeron
100, as well as to superduplex casting alloys
(ASTM A890). The welding wire is overalloyed
2-3 percent in Nickel to provide the optimum
ferrite/austenite ratio in the finished weld. This
structure results in high tensile/yield strength and
superior resistance to SCC and pitting corrosion.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Nickel
Copper
Molybdenum
Nitrogen
.02
1.00
1.00
25.50
9.25
.50
3.90
.250
Tensile Strength
123.0 PSI
850 MPA
Yield Strength
94.0 PSI
650 MPA
Elongation 26%
Elongation
28%
Recommended Welding Parameters for Stainless Steels
ProcessDiameter of Wire
Voltage (V)
Amperage (A)
Gas
.035 inches
(0.9 mm)
12-15 60-90
.045 inches (1.1 mm) 13-16 80-110 100% Argon
1/16 inches
(1.6 mm)
14-18
90-130
100% Argon
3/32 inches
(2.4 mm)
15-20
120-175
100% Argon
1/8 inches
(3.2 mm)
15-20
150-220
100% Argon
TIG
100% Argon
MIG
.030 inches (0.8 mm) 24-28
140-180 99% Argon + 1% Oxygen or
97% Argon + 3% CO2
.035 inches (0.9 mm) 26-29
160-210 99% Argon + 1% Oxygen or
97% Argon + 3% CO2
.045 inches (1.1 mm) 28-32 180-250 99% Argon + 1% Oxygen or
97% Argon + 3% CO2
.0625 inches (1.6 mm) 29-33 200-280 99% Argon + 1% Oxygen or
97% Argon + 3% CO2
3/32 inches
(2.4 mm)
28-30
275-350
1/8 inches (3.2 mm) 29-32 350-450 Suitable Flux must be used
5/32 inches (4.0 mm) 30-33 400-550 Suitable Flux must be used
SAW Suitable Flux must be used
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19 W E L D I N G W I R E
and
ELECTRODES
STAINLESS STEEL WELDING WIRES
Typical Chemical Composition of Stainless Steel Wires
Product Specification
C Mn Si
Fe
Cr
MoNi
CbN
+Ta
S
P
Cu
FN
Techalloy 307 1.4370
.07
6.6
.90 BAL 18.7
8.9 .007
.015
5
Techalloy 308/308H
AWS A5.9 ER308H
.05
1.65
.46 BAL 20.45
9.85
.005
.016
8
Techalloy 308/308L
AWS A5.9 ER308L
.019 1.72
.46 BAL 20.80
10.10
.003
.013
8
Techalloy 308LHS
AWS A5.9 ER308LSi
.016 1.65
.85 BAL 20.65
10.00
.008
.016
8
Techalloy 309/309L
AWS A5.9 ER309L
.021 1.75
.51 BAL 23.40
12.70
.006
.014 12
Techalloy 309LHS
AWS A5.9 ER309LSi
12.95
.004
.012
10
.01
.02
.019 1.85
.84 BAL 23.50
Techalloy 309LMo
.01
1.40
.40
Techalloy 310
AWS A5.9 ER310
.11
1.90
.40 BAL 27.10
20.95
.003
.012
0
Techalloy 312
AWS A5.9 ER312
.11
1.64
.44 BAL 29.60
8.90
.012
.017
30 min
2.25 13.2
.010
.019
6
Techalloy 316/316L AWS A5.9 ER316L
.016 1.87
22.30
.48 BAL 19.32
2.60 15.00
.05
.10
9
Techalloy 316LHS AWS A5.9 ER316LSi
.022 1.80
.85 BAL 19.25
2.45 12.6
.004
.013
8
Techalloy 317L
AWS A5.9 ER317L
.017 1.66
.44 BAL 19.40
3.25 13.85
.006
.012
6
Techalloy 320LR
AWS A5.9 ER320LR
.025 1.6
.05 BAL 19.6
2.5
.001
.007 3.4
0
Techalloy 330
AWS A5.9 ER330
.23
1.95
.42 BAL 15.95
35.20
.005
.014
0
Techalloy 347
AWS A5.9 ER347
.04
1.65
.52 BAL 19.9
9.75 .72
.005
.014
10
Techalloy 385
AWS A5.9 ER385
.019 2.05
.35 BAL 20.50
25.10
.015
.014 1.6
Techalloy 409Cb
AWS A5.9 ER409Cb .05
.62
.48 BAL 11.50
.35
.016
.018
Techalloy 410
AWS A5.9 ER410
.11
.45
.39 BAL 12.5
.010
.014
Techalloy 410NiMo
AWS A5.9 ER410NiMo .02
.45
.40 BAL 11.8
4.50
.009
.012
Techalloy 420
AWS A5.9 ER420
.29
.45
.35 BAL 13.20
.008
.014
Techalloy 430
AWS A5.9 ER430
.07
.44
.36 BAL 16.50
.010 0.14
4.6
.55
34.1
Techalloy 430LCb
.01
.51
.40 BAL 18.2
Techalloy 630
AWS A5.9 ER630
.03
.54
.43 BAL 16.49
.2
Techalloy 2209
AWS A5.9 ER2209
.016 1.4
.45 BAL 22.40
Techalloy 2594
AWS A5.9 ER2594
.02
1.00 1.00 BAL 25.50
.25
0
.40
.008
.020
4.78 .22
.021
.017 3.6
3.20
8.50
.18
.017
.014
3.95
9.25
.25
.010
.025 0.50 40 min
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40 min
WELDING WIRE
and
E L E C T R O D E S 20
STAINLESS STEEL ELECTRODES
MECHANICAL
TYPICAL CHEMICALPROPERTIES OF
COMPOSITIONALL WELD METAL
PRODUCT USESOF THE DEPOSIT
(AS WELDED)
Tech-Rod
308/308L
AWS A5.4 E308L-16
AWS A5.4 E308L-17
Tech-Rod
309/309L
AWS A5.4 E309L-16
AWS A5.4 E309L-17
Tech-Rod 310
AWS A5.4 E310-16
Tech-Rod 312
AWS A5.4 E312-16
Tech-Rod
316/316L
AWS A5.4 E316L-16
AWS A5.4 E316L-17
Tech-Rod 317L
AWS A5.4 E317L-16
Tech-Rod 308/308L is a low carbon electrode used
to weld Types 304L and 347. The weld deposit
contains a maximum of .04% carbon, which minimizes the formation of chromium carbides, and
consequent susceptibility to intergranular corrosion. The weld deposit, with controlled ferrite, gives
excellent notch toughness at -320˚F (-196˚C).
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Nickel
Iron
WRC FN
.03
1.65
.43
19.4
9.3
Balance
7
Tensile Strength
84,500 PSI
580 MPA
Yield Strength
55,000 PSI
380 MPA
Tech-Rod 309/309L gives a weld deposit similar to
309, with reduced carbon levels (0.04% maximum)
that offer increased resistance to intergranular corrosion. Type 309/309L is ideal for joining stainless
steel to themselves or to carbon or low alloy steels.
Tech-Rod 309L is preferred to Tech-Rod 309 for
cladding over carbon or low alloy steels, as well as
for dissimilar joints which undergo heat treatment.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Nickel
Iron
WRC FN
.035
1.58
.53
23.45
12.6
Balance
8
Tensile Strength
88,500 PSI
555 MPA
Yield Strength
59,000 PSI
410 MPA
Tech-Rod 310 electrodes are used to weld stainless
steels of similar composition in wrought and cast
form. The weld deposit is fully austenitic, and as
such calls for minimum heat input during welding.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Nickel
Iron
WRC FN
.11
1.90
.52
26.2
20.95
Balance
0
Tensile Strength
90,500 PSI
625 MPA
Yield Strength
61,500 PSI 425 MPA
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Nickel
Iron
WRC FN
.12
1.80
.56
29.3
9.4
Balance
30 min
Tensile Strength
109,000 PAS 750 MPA
Yield Strength
78,000 PSI 540 MPA
The weld deposit of Tech-Rod 316L electrodes
is similar to that of Type 316, except the carbon
is limited to a maximum of 0.04%. Precise control of the carbon content in Tech-Rod 316/316L
electrodes provides a weld deposit matching the
corrosion resistant qualities of Type 316/16L
stainless steel. The extra low carbon content
reduces the possibility of carbide precipitation and consequent intergranular corrosion.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Nickel
Molybdenum
Iron
WRC FN
.035
1.75
.52
18.7
12.65
2.30
Balance
7
Tensile Strength
85,800 PSI
590 MPA
Yield Strength
58,000 PSI
400 MPA
The weld deposit of Tech-Rod 317L is similar to
that of Type 317, except the carbon is limited to a
maximum of 0.04%. In addition to the resistance
to pitting and crevice corrosion, this consumable
offers good resistance to intergranular corrosion.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Nickel
Molybdenum
Iron
WRC FN
.035
1.65
.55
18.75
13.0
3.4
Balance
7
Tech-Rod 312 electrodes are used for welding
wrought and cast alloys of similar composition
as well as for welding dissimilar metals. The weld
deposits exhibit high tensile strength and offer
good resistance to abrasion.
Elongation
Elongation
Elongation Elongation Elongation 40%
36%
34%
23%
36%
Tensile Strength
82,500 PSI
570 MPA
Yield Strength
58,000 PSI
400 MPA
Elongation
38%
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21 W E L D I N G W I R E
and
ELECTRODES
STAINLESS STEEL ELECTRODES
MECHANICAL
TYPICAL CHEMICALPROPERTIES OF
COMPOSITIONALL WELD METAL
PRODUCT USESOF THE DEPOSIT
(AS WELDED)
Tech-Rod 320LR
AWS A5.4 E320LR-16
Tech-Rod 330
AWS A5.4 E330-16
Tech-Rod 347
AWS A5.4 E347-16
Tech-Rod 385
AWS A5.4 E385-16
(904L)
Tech-Rod 410
AWS A5.4 E410-16
Tech-Rod 320LR is similar in composition to
Tech-Rod 320, with carbon, silicon, phosphorus, and sulfur controlled to lower limits and
columbium and manganese kept to a narrower
range. This composition is designed to reduce
the possibility of microfissuring; however,
low heat input is advisable for welding.
Carbon
.024
Manganese
2.05
Silicon
.24
Chromium
19.8
Nickel
33.9
Molybdenum
2.4
Columbium + Tantalum .27
Copper
3.55
Sulfur
.011
Iron
Balance
WRC FN
0
Tensile Strength
85,000 PSI 590 MPA
Yield Strength
57,000 PSI 390 MPA
Tech-Rod 330 electrodes are used to weld
wrought and cast forms of stainless steel of
similar chemical composition, which offer good
heat and scale resistance above 1800˚F (980˚
C). However, high sulfur environments adversely
affect the high temperature performance. The
heat input has to be kept to a minimum during
welding to avoid the possibility of microfissuring.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Nickel
Iron
WRC FN
.21
1.9
.48
15.45
34.4
Balance
0
Tensile Strength
84,500 PSI
580 MPA
Yield Strength
57,000 PSI
390 MPA
Tech-Rod 347 electrodes are columbium stabilized stainless steel electrodes used for welding
Types 347 and 321 stainless and stainless clad
steels. The columbium content is approximately
ten times the carbon content, and when this
product is used to weld stabilized Type 347 or
321 parent metal, it precludes intergranular
corrosion under severe operating conditions.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Nickel
Columbium
Iron
WRC FN
.050
1.65
.52
19.15
10.15
.6
Balance
7
Tensile Strength
86,000 PSI
590 MPA
Yield Strength
57,000 PSI
390 MPA
Tech-Rod 385 is used for welding materials of
similar chemical composition (UNS Number
N08904). These materials are used in fabrication
of equipment and vessels for handling and storing
sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid. The weld metal
is fully austenitic and, as such, the low melting constituents such as carbon, silicon, and phosphorus
should be kept low. Welding must be done with
low heat input, using stringer bead technique.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Nickel
Molybdenum
Copper
Iron
WRC FN
.015
2.1
.45
20.5
25.2
4.6
1.75
Balance
0
Tensile Strength
88,000 PSI
610 MPA
Yield Strength
65,500 PSI
450 MPA
Tech-Rod 410 is designed to weld stainless steels
of similar chemical composition as well as to overlay carbon steels to impart corrosion, erosion, and
abrasion resistance. This material, being an airhardening type, calls for a preheat and interpass
temperature of not less than 400˚F (200˚C)
during welding.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Iron
.12
.68
.52
12.1
Balance
Tensile Strength
78,500 PSI
540 MPA
Yield Strength
63,000 PSI
430 MPA
Elongation
Elongation
Elongation Elongation 34%
26%
35%
32%
Elongation
23%
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Nickel
Molybdenum
Iron
Tensile Strength
110,500 PSI 800 MPA
Yield Strength
91,000 PSI 630 MPA
NOTE: Mechanical properties listed to the right
reflect utilization of a post-weld heat treatment
between 1550˚F and 1650˚ F for two hours.
Tech-Rod
410NiMo
AWS A5.4 E410NiMo-16
Tech-Rod 410NiMo is designed to weld
materials of similar chemical composition in
cast and wrought forms. Preheat and interpass temperatures of not less than 300˚F
(150˚C) are recommended during welding.
NOTE: Mechanical properties listed to the
right reflect utilization of a post-weld treatment
between 1100˚F and 1150˚F for one hour.
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.03
.52
.45
12.1
4.55
.52
Balance
Elongation 17%
WELDING WIRE
and
E L E C T R O D E S 22
STAINLESS STEEL ELECTRODES
MECHANICAL
TYPICAL CHEMICALPROPERTIES OF
COMPOSITIONALL WELD METAL
PRODUCT USESOF THE DEPOSIT
(AS WELDED)
Tech-Rod 430
AWS A5.4 E430-16
Tech-Rod 2209
AWS A5.4 E2209-16
(Duplex Grade)
Tech-Rod 2594
AWS A5.9 E2594-16
(Super Duplex Grade)
TECH-ROD
WELD-ALL
Tech-Rod 430 is designed to weld materials of
similar chemical composition as well as overlay
on carbon steels. The undiluted weld metal is
ferritic, but with the dilution from mild or low alloy
steel, it could become martensitic. Therefore,
preheating and interpass temperatures of 300˚F
(150˚C) during welding are recommended.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Iron
Elongation Tech-Rod 2209 is used to weld duplex stainless
steels such as UNS Number N31803. The welds
offer excellent resistance to stress corrosion cracking, and pitting. The micro-structure of the weld
metal consists of austenite and ferrite. The ferrite
of weld metal will be lower than the ferrite of Type
2205 base metal. Welding of duplex stainless steels
calls for controlled parameters to achieve specified
mechanical and corrosion resistance properties.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Nickel
Molybdenum
Nitrogen
Iron
WRC FN
.02
1.65
.52
22.4
8.9
3.3
.16
Balance
35 min
Tensile Strength
102,000 PSI 700 MPA
Yield Strength
87,000 PSI 600 MPA
Tech-Rod 2594 is a superduplex grade electrode that provides matching chemistry and
mechanical property characteristics to wrought
superduplex alloys such as 2507 and Zeron 100,
as well as to superduplex casting alloys (ASTM
A890). The electrode is overalloyed 2% to 3% in
nickel to provide the optimum ferrite/austenite
ratio in the finished weld. This structure results
in high tensile and yield strengths and superior resistance to SCC and pitting corrosion.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Nickel
Copper
Molybdenum
Nitrogen
Iron
WRC FN
0.02
1.00
1.00
25.50
9.25
0.50
3.90
0.25
Balance
40 min
This electrode is used for joining and overlaying
a variety of steels such as carbon and spring
steels, tool and die grades, stainless steels and
dissimilar steels. Deposits are of high strength
with satisfactory elongation and resistance to
wear, corrosion, and impact. Not heat treatable.
Tensile Strength
120,000 PSI
830 MPA
Yield Strength
65,000 PSI
450 MPA
Elongation is 2”
15 - 25%
Hardness WELDING PROCEDURES: Clean weld area and
bevel heavy sections. Hold a short arc and run
stringer beads for high alloy tool steels. Preheat to
400˚F. Peen to relieve stresses. Weld AC or DC.
.05
.65
.42
16.4
Balance
Tensile Strength
74,000 PSI
530 MPA
Yield Strength
58,500 PSI
400 MPA
23%
Elongation 22%
Tensile Strength
130.0 PSI
900 MPA
Yield Strength
101.0 PSI
695 MPA
Elongation
31%
200-300 BHN
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23 W E L D I N G W I R E
and
ELECTRODES
STAINLESS STEEL ELECTRODES
Typical Chemical Composition of Stainless Steel ELECTRODEs
Product Specification
C
Mn Si Fe
Cr
MoNi
CbN
+Ta
S
P
Cu
FN
Tech-Rod 308/308L
AWS A5.4 E308L-16
AWS A5.4 E308L-17
.03
1.65
.43 BAL 19.40
9.3
*
.020
.021
7
Tech-Rod 309/309L
AWS A5.4 E309L-16
AWS A5.4 E309L-17
.035 1.58
.53 BAL 23.45
12.6
*
.021
.024
8
Tech-Rod 310
AWS A5.4 E310-16
.11
1.9
.52 BAL 26.2
20.95
*
.012
.016
0
Tech-Rod 312
AWS A5.4 E312-16
.12
1.80
.56 BAL 29.3
9.4
*
.021
.022
30 min
Tech-Rod 316
AWS A5.4 E316-16
.055 1.70
.56 BAL 18.85
2.35 12.90
*
.024
.025
4
Tech-Rod 316/316L
AWS A5.4 E316L-16
AWS A5.4 E316L-17
.035 1.75
.52 BAL 18.70
2.30 12.65
*
.022
.024
7
Tech-Rod 317L
AWS A5.4 E317L-16
.035 1.65
.55 BAL 18.75
3.40 13.00
*
.019
.022
7
Tech-Rod 320LR
AWS A5.4 E320LR-16
.024 2.05
.24 BAL 19.80
2.40 33.90
*
.011
.014 3.5
0
Tech-Rod 330
AWS A5.4 E330-16
.21
1.90
.48 BAL 15.45
34.4
*
.023
.021
0
Tech-Rod 347
AWS A5.4 E347-16
.050 1.65
.52 BAL 19.15
10.15
*
.017
.024
7
Tech-Rod 385
AWS A5.4 E385-16 .015 2.10
.45 BAL 20.50
4.60 25.20
*
.009
.018 1.7
0
Tech-Rod 410
AWS A5.4 E410-16
.12 .68
.52 BAL 12.10
*
.021
.022
Tech-Rod 410NiMo
AWS A5.4 E410NiMo-16 .03
.52
.45 BAL 12.10
*
.019
.018
Tech-Rod 430
AWS A5.4 E430-16
.05
.65
.42 BAL 16.40
Tech-Rod 2209
AWS A5.4 E2209-16
.02
1.65
Tech-Rod 2594
AWS A5.9 E2594-16
.02
1.00 1.00 BAL 25.50
.52 BAL 22.4
.52
.27
.60
4.55
*
.024
.023
3.3
8.9
.16
.012
.016
3.90
9.25
.25
.01
.025 0.50 40 min
35 min
Tech-Rod Weld-All
* Nitrogen in these weld deposits is usually between .04% and .08%
TYPICAL ELECTRODE SIZES & CURRENTS FOR SMAW WELDING OF Stainless Steels
ProcessDiameter of Wire
SMAW Voltage (V)
Amperage (A)
Flat
Vertical & Overhead
65-75
3/32 inches (2.4 mm) 24-28 70-85 1/8 inches (3.2 mm) 26-30 85-110 80-90
5/32 inches (4.0 mm) 28-32 110-140 100-120
3/16 inches (4.8 mm) 28-32 120-160 110-130
www.techalloy.com / 1-800-638-1458 / Techalloy Welding Products
WELDING WIRE
and
E L E C T R O D E S 24
SUGGESTIONS FOR WELDING STAINLESS STEELS
Stainless steels were primarily developed to render
be eliminated by choosing low heat input processes
corrosion resistance. There are certain other require-
along with restricted low melting constituents in the
ments that must be met in every stainless application.
weld metal.
They may include corrosion resistance in a particu-
Welding Requirements
lar medium, avoidance of contamination of product,
resistance to oxidation and carburization at elevated
temperatures as well as the ability to provide requisite mechanical strength. There are several grades
of stainless steels which can be broadly grouped into
300 Series, 400 Series and others. 300 Series stainless steels contain iron, chromium, nickel and carbon
To weld stainless steels, three factors are to be considered:
• The type of stainless steel material that is to be
welded.
• The process of welding.
• The distortion caused by welding.
as principal ingredients. 400 Series stainless steels
Welding 300 Series Stainless Steels
contain iron, chromium, and carbon as principal ingre-
The 300 Series consists of two types of material: those
dients. Not all 400 Series are weldable.
which contain ferrite and austenite, and those which
Weldable 400 Series stainless steels are also called
contain only austenite.
straight chromium steels, since their major alloying
None of the above requires any preheat or interpass
element is chromium. The 400 Series can be divided
temperature or post weld heat treatment. However,
into ferritic grades and martensitic grades. Each grade
heating up to 150˚F before welding is advisable to
calls for different preheat and interpass welding tem-
evaporate any condensed moisture in the joint. The
peratures. The martensitic grades contain chromium
stainless steels which do not contain any ferrite are
from 11-14% and are air hardenable unless modified
called fully austenitic steels. These materials are prone
with an addition of aluminum, titanium, columbium,
to develop micro-fissures during welding. Formation of
or carbon levels below 0.1%. These modified grades
micro-fissures could be avoided by selecting the low
and the higher chromium grades up to 30% have
heat input process of welding such as TIG or shielded
markedly decreased hardenability and are called
metal arc with up to 1/8” diameter electrodes. The
ferritic stainless steels.
consumables selected for welding these materials
The second group of stainless steels is the 300 Series.
These grades are very popular in the fabrication
industry, as they can withstand a variety of corrosion
media. The chromium content of these steels ranges
from 16% to 30%, and the nickel content from 5% to
35%. These are called austenitic steels, as the microstructure of these grades is predominantly austenite.
Nonetheless, there is some ferrite in several grades.
The other grades which do not contain any ferrite are
called fully austenitic grades. A small amount of ferrite
is necessary to stop cracking during solidification of
welds. However, in certain media, ferrite reduces corrosion resistance, and the only choice for such media is
to opt for fully austenitic grades. Fully austenitic grades
give rise to micro-fissuring during welding, which could
should be able to deposit weld metal with low levels
of impurities and low melting constituents. Welding
of austenitic stainless steels with more than 10% ferrite should be done with low interpass temperature
in order to avoid temper embrittlement, which could
occur between 800˚F and 1100˚F. Some grades such
as 309L, 309LSi and 312, which contain higher ferrite
are used for welding dissimilar metals, in which case
the resulting ferrite in the weld deposit, after dilution
from the base materials, should be taken into consideration. If the ferrite after dilution is too low – say, 2FN
or less – there could be a problem of microfissuring in
the welds. If the resulting ferrite is too high, such welds
undergo faster embrittlement and it is advisable to
limit such welds to one or two layers.
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25 W E L D I N G W I R E
and
ELECTRODES
SUGGESTIONS FOR WELDING STAINLESS STEELS
Welding 400 Series Stainless Steels
Welding Processes
Welding most of the 400 Series stainless steels calls
Influence of welding processes and parameters also are
for maintaining preheat and interpass temperatures,
to be considered for welding stainless steels. The major
and in some cases post-weld heating to avoid forma-
welding processes are:
tion of brittle structure called martensite.
Techalloy 409Cb, 430 and 430LCb grades which
are ferritic do not require preheat, but it is advisable to heat to 200˚F to avoid condensation in the
joint. Techalloy 410 calls for a preheat and interpass
• Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW)
• Submerged arc welding (SAW)
• TIG welding
• MIG welding
• FCAW
temperature of 400˚F to avoid possible formation of
SMAW Welding
martensite. Techalloy 420 is a martensitic grade, and
In shielded metal arc welding, the consumable used for
is extremely sensitive to air hardening, and should be
welding is a coated electrode. The coating flux contains
preheated and welded above 600˚F and subjected to
various minerals in order to impart different characteris-
post-weld heating at 500˚F for one hour.
tics to welding. Some principal functions of the flux are:
Welding Duplex and
Super Duplex Stainless Steels
• To ionize the arc atmosphere and improve metal
Duplex and super duplex stainless steels were developed
• To generate shielding gases, and thus protect the
to combine the best properties of austenitic and ferritic
steels. They have higher yield strength, 65 Ksi (450 N/
mm2), and higher tensile strength, 100 Ksi (69 N/mm2),
compared to 300 Series stainless steels. These steels
transfer
molten weld metal from atmospheric oxidation
• To provide slag coverage to the molten weld metal
• To provide deoxidants to react with dissolved
are resistant to corrosion as well as to stress corrosion
oxygen in the weld metal and protect alloying
cracking and pitting from hydrocarbon compounds.
elements
Filler metals to weld duplex and super duplex stainless
• To provide alloying elements to the weld
steels will have similar chemical composition to that
• To make a clean slag-metal separation on solidi-
of the parent metal except that the nickel is higher by
3% to 4%. Higher nickel is required to reduce ferrite in
order to obtain optimum mechanical properties.
Duplex and super duplex stainless steels are sensitive to embrittlement around 900˚F and could rapidly
form brittle inter-metallic phases (such as “CHI” and
“SIGMA”) between 1300˚F and 1500˚F. Control of
heat input during welding is essential to avoid formation of intermetallic phases. Heat input in the range of
15-60 KJ/inch is recommended for welding.
Duplex stainless steels typically have a pitting index
between 35 and 38, and super duplexes typically have
a pitting index above 40. Pitting index is calculated
with the following formula:
PITTING INDEX = %Cr +3.3 (%Mo) +16(%N)
fication.
The electrodes should be transferred to a holding oven
when the package is opened to stop them from absorbing moisture from the atmosphere.
Electrode Storage & Reconditioning
Coated electrodes just removed from sealed containers are intended to be used as is from the container.
Electrodes from open containers should be stored in a
holding oven at 215˚F – 240˚F.
Open cans of electrodes exposed to a high humidity
atmosphere for more than four hours or low humidity for more than eight hours should be reconditioned
before using by baking in a drying oven for 1-2 hours
at 400˚F – 500˚F.
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WELDING WIRE
and
E L E C T R O D E S 26
SUGGESTIONS FOR WELDING STAINLESS STEELS
SAW Welding
assume an important role. Shielding gases are chosen
In submerged arc welding, the flux is separately fed
taking quality, cost and operability into consideration.
into the joint where the consumable wire establishes
an arc beneath the flux. In the heat generated from
the arc, the wire as well as some part of the flux melts.
As the welding head moves along the joint, slag and
metal separate by virtue of the difference in their
specific gravities, and on solidification, the weld metal
makes the joint, and the slag will be chipped off. The
functions of the flux are similar to those in shielded
metal arc welding. Heat input is high in SAW leading
to higher productivity.
Control of Distortion Due to Welding
Two factors contribute to distortion:
• The thermal coefficient of expansion of austenitic
stainless steels is very high compared to that of
mild steels.
• The conductivity of heat of stainless steels is
much less than that of mild steels.
Due to the combination of the above factors, stainless
steels undergo distortion, which must be controlled by
using suitable jigs, fixtures, and balanced heat input
TIG Welding
during welding.
In TIG welding, the arc is struck between the workpiece and a non-consumable electrode like thoriated
tungsten for welding ferrous materials, and zirconiated
tungsten for aluminum. The consumable wire is melted
in the arc atmosphere and the inert gases like argon
or helium or their mixture are used as shielding gases.
TIG is extremely suitable for joining thin sheets and
tubes, and for making root pass welding in pipes, since
the heat input in this process is minimal. TIG welds do
not cause any undercuts or excessive penetration, and
the distortion is the lowest of any welding process. TIG
welds provide superior quality weld metal, but the pro-
Estimation of Delta Ferrite in
Austenetic Stainless Steel
There are three methods of estimating ferrite in stainless steels:
• By measuring with instruments like MagnaGauge, which work on the principle of measuring
the magnetic strength.
• By calculating from the chemical composition with
the help of diagrams developed by Schaeffler,
DeLong, and Welding Research Council.
• By metallographic methods.
ductivity is low.
Of the above, the first two items are popular, while the
MIG Welding
can be measured from an undiluted weld metal employ-
third approach is laborious and time-consuming. Ferrite
Gas-Metal-Arc welding is generally called MIG (metal
inert gas) welding. In this process, the consumable
travels through a nozzle and a tip before it strikes an
arc with the workpiece. The arc atmosphere is shielded
by gases like:
ing a calibrated instrument. Ferrite can also be estimated from the chemical composition of undiluted weld
metal using multiple regression charts. Measured ferrite
and estimated ferrite could differ to a certain extent.
The welding parameters, thermal experience, and the
• 100% argon
size, shape, and orientation of ferrite could influence
• 99% argon with 1% oxygen
• 97% argon with 3% carbon dioxide
the accuracy of measurements.
MIG welding is a high-productivity process. MIG welding doesn’t need expensive machinery, and the welding
machines are easily transportable, making this process
very popular on construction sites. In MIG welding,
shielding gas, welding parameters, and the consumable
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27 W E L D I N G W I R E
and
ELECTRODES
SUGGESTIONS FOR WELDING STAINLESS STEELS
WRC-1992 DIAGRAM FOR STAINLESS STEEL WELD METAL
22
26
28
30
18
4
0
16
8
A
24
12
16
20
24
14
10
AF
14
20
6
16
2
28
45
30
26
22
12
14
35
18
Nieq = Ni + 35C + 20N+ 0.25Cu
18
18
40
FA
50
60
70
12
85
95
80
90
F
20
65
75
0
10
10
18
55
22
24
26
Creq = Cr + Mo + 0.7 Cb
10
28
30
NICKEL EQUIVALENT = % Ni + 30 X % C + 30 X % N + 0.5 X % Mn
DELONG (FN) DIAGRAM FOR STAINLESS STEEL WELD METAL
21
20
WRC FERRITE NUMBER
19
0
AUSTENITE
18
2
4
17
6
8
PRIOR MAGNETIC
PERCENT FERRITE
16
15
0%
SCH
A
A + EFFL
ER
M
LIN
E
14
13
2%
10
12
14
16
18
4%
6%
6%
7. %
2
9. .7%
10 .3%
12 .8%
13
12
11
AUSTENITE
PLUS FERRITE
10
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
CHROMIUM EQUIVALENT = %Cr + %Mo + 1.5 x %Si + 0.5 x %Cb
DELONG DIAGRAM: Calculate the nickel and chromium equivalents from the weld metal analysis. If nitrogen
analysis of the weld metal is not available, assume 0.06% for GTA and covered electrode, or 0.08% for GMA weld
metals. The DeLong diagram predicts the WRC Ferrite Number within plus or minus 3 in approximately 90% of the
tests for the 308, 309, 316, and 317 families.
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WELDING WIRE
and
E L E C T R O D E S 28
Low Alloy STEEL Wires
A strong tradition has helped position Techalloy as a leading supplier of Low Alloy solid wires for critical fabrications.
MECHANICAL
TYPICAL CHEMICALPROPERTIES OF
COMPOSITIONALL WELD METAL
PRODUCT USESOF THE WIRE
(AS WELDED)
Techalloy 80S-B2
AWS A5.28 ER80S-B2
Techalloy 80S-B2 is designed for the gas metal arc
welding of 1-1/4 Cr / 1/2 Mo steels, which are used
for high temperature service. Preheating and interpass temperatures of not less than 300˚F must be
used during welding.
NOTE: Mechanical properties (listed to the right)
reflect utilization of a post-weld heat treatment
between 1125˚F and 1175˚F for one hour.
Techalloy 80S-B6
(Techalloy 502)
AWS A5.2 ER80S-B6
Techalloy 80S-B6 is designed to weld materials of
similar chemical composition, for high temperature
service applications. This is an air-hardening material and as such calls for preheat and interpass
temperatures of 350˚F minimum during welding.
NOTE: Mechanical properties (listed to the right)
reflect utilization of a post-weld heat treatment
between 1550˚F and 1600˚F for two hours.
Techalloy 80S-B8
(Techalloy 505)
AWS A5.28 ER80S-B8
Techalloy 80S-B8 is designed for welding materials
of similar composition. This alloy, being an air-hardening type, calls for preheat and interpass temperatures of not less than 350˚F during welding.
NOTE: Mechanical properties (listed to the right)
reflect utilization of a post-weld heat treatment
between 1550˚F and 1600˚F for two hours.
Techalloy 90S-B3
AWS A5.28 ER90S-B3
Techalloy 90S-B3 is designed for gas metal arc
welding of 2-1/4 Cr / 1 Mo steels, which are used
for high temperature applications. A preheat and
interpass temperature of not less than 350˚F
should be maintained during welding.
NOTE: Mechanical properties (listed to the right)
reflect utilization of a post-weld heat treatment
between 1250˚F and 1300˚F for one hour.
Techalloy 90S-B9
AWS A5.28 ER90S-B9
For welding 9 CrMo P91 grade steels. Requires
controlled preheat, interpass and post weld heat
treatment.
NOTE: Mechanical properties (listed to the right)
reflect utilization of a post-weld heat treatment
of 1400˚F for two hours.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Molybdenum
.09
.55
.48
1.35
.55
Tensile Strength
85,000 PSI
590 MPA
Yield Strength
71,500 PSI
490 MPA
Elongation
Impact Strength
@ 32˚F (0˚C)
60 ft-lbs
80 Joules
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Molybdenum
Tensile Strength
78,500 PSI
540 MPA
Yield Strength
60,500 PSI
420 MPA
.07
.44
.36
5.45
.55
21%
Elongation
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Molybdenum
Tensile Strength
79,000 PSI
550 MPA
Yield Strength
63,000 PSI
430 MPA
.08
.45
.34
9.15
1.05
32%
Elongation
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Molybdenum
Tensile Strength
94,500 PSI
650 MPA
Yield Strength
80,500 PSI
550 MPA
.10
.62
.48
2.55
1.08
30%
Elongation 19%
Impact Strength
@ 68˚F (20˚C)
80 ft-lbs
105 Joules
Carbon
.11
Manganese
.60
Silicon
.19
Chromium
9.0
Nickel
.5
Molybdenum
.95
Vanadium
.18
Columbium
.07
Iron
Balance
Tensile Strength
112,000 PSI
772 MPA
Yield Strength
100,000 PSI 690 MPA
Elongation
17%
Impact Strength
40 ft-lbs at room temp.
54 Joules
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29 W E L D I N G W I R E
and
ELECTRODES
Low Alloy STEEL Wires
MECHANICAL
TYPICAL CHEMICALPROPERTIES OF
COMPOSITIONALL WELD METAL
PRODUCT USESOF THE WIRE
(AS WELDED)
Techalloy 110S-1
AWS A5.28 ER110S-1
Techalloy 110S-1 is intended for applications where
high strength, combined with low temperature ductility are prime considerations. Applications include
welding of HY100 and other high strength, low
alloy steels. A preheat and interpass temperature
of not less than 300˚F is required during welding.
NOTE: Mechanical properties of welds (listed to the
right) are greatly influenced by the preheat, interpass temperature, the heat input, and the postweld heat treatment.
Techalloy 120S-1
AWS A5.28 ER120S-1
Techalloy 120S-1 is a high strength, low alloy steel
welding wire developed for welding HY100 and
other high strength steels. The weld deposits also
give adequate low temperature toughness down to
-60˚F. A preheat and interpass temperature of not
less than 300˚F is recommended during welding.
NOTE: Mechanical properties of welds (listed to the
right) are greatly influenced by the preheat, interpass temperature, the heat input, and the postweld heat treatment.
Techalloy 515
AWS A5.23 EB2
Techalloy 515 is a 1-1/4 Cr / .5 Mo wire for submerged arc welding applications of steels with
similar chemical composition. A preheat and interpass temperature of not les than 300˚F should be
maintained during welding.
NOTE: Mechanical properties (listed to the right) of
welds are greatly influenced by the flux used as well
as the heat input and the post-weld heat treatment.
Mechanical properties listed to the right reflect
utilization of a post-weld heat treatment of 1125˚F to 1175˚F for one hour.
Techalloy 521
AWS A5.23 EB3
Techalloy 521 is a 2-1/2 Cr / 1 Mo wire for submerged
arc welding applications of steels with similar chemical
composition. A preheat and interpass temperature of
not less than 350˚F should be maintained during
welding.
NOTE: Mechanical properties of welds (listed to the
right) are greatly influenced by the flux used as well
as the heat input and the post-weld heat treatment.
Mechanical properties reflect utilization of a postweld heat treatment of 1250˚F to 1300˚F for one hour.
Techalloy 4130
Techalloy 4130 is a high strength, low alloy welding
wire for joining steels of similar chemical composition, as well as for overlays where moderate hardness is required. This wire can be used for TIG, MIG
and submerged arc welding applications. A preheat
and interpass temperature of not less than 400˚F is
required during welding.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Nickel
Molybdenum
Iron
.07
1.55
.45
.30
2.30
.42
Balance
Tensile Strength
114,500 PSI
790 MPA
Yield Strength
98,000 PSI
680 MPA
Elongation
17%
Impact Strength
@ -60˚F / -51˚C
60 ft-lbs
87 Joules
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Nickel
Molybdenum
Iron
.08
1.55
.48
.35
2.55
.50
Balance
Tensile Strength
124,000 PSI
860 MPA
Yield Strength
106,500 PSI
730 MPA
Impact Strength
@ -60˚F / -51˚C
60 ft-lbs 80 Joules
Carbon
.10
Manganese
.65
Silicon
.25
Chromium
1.45
Molybdenum
.54
Iron
Balance
Tensile Strength
84,500 PSI
580 MPA
Yield Strength
71,000 PSI
490 MPA
Carbon
.09
Manganese
.69
Silicon
.22
Chromium
2.55
Molybdenum
1.02
Iron
Balance
Tensile Strength
94,500 PSI
650 MPA
Yield Strength
80,500 PSI
560 MPA
Carbon
.31
Manganese
.52
Silicon
.28
Chromium
.93
Molybdenum
.20
Iron
Balance
NOTE: Mechanical properties of welds (listed to the
right) are governed by the heat treatment undergone by the weld metal. Mechanical properties are
for weld metal oil quenched from 1550˚F and tempered
at 1050˚F.
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Elongation
Elongation
Elongation
15%
22%
19%
Tensile Strength
145,000 PSI
1,000 MPA
Yield Strength
130,000 PSI
Elongation
900 MPA
11%
WELDING WIRE
E L E C T R O D E S 30
and
Low Alloy STEEL Wires
MECHANICAL
TYPICAL CHEMICALPROPERTIES OF
COMPOSITIONALL WELD METAL
PRODUCT USESOF THE WIRE
(AS WELDED)
Techalloy AK-10*
AWS A5.28 ER100S-G
*This grade can also be used
for submerged arc welding,
where its relevant classifications is AWS A5.23 EG
Techalloy AK-10 is a low alloy steel welding wire
developed for welding of high strength steels with
adequate ductility at low temperatures. The hardness of the undiluted weld will be less than 235
BHN. The requirement of preheat and interpass
temperatures should be determined taking the base
plate chemistry and thickness into consideration.
Carbon
Manganese
Silicon
Chromium
Nickel
Molybdenum
Iron
.12
1.45
.60
.30
.95
.40
Balance
Tensile Strength
104,000 PSI 720 MPA
Yield Strength
88,000 PSI 610 MPA
NOTE: Mechanical properties (listed to the right)
of welds are greatly influenced by the preheat,
interpass temperature, the heat input, and the
post- weld heat treatment.
Impact Strength
@ -75°F/-59°C
50 ft-lbs
Elongation
25%
67 Joules
TYPICAL CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF low alloy wires
Product Specification C
Mn
Si Fe Cr Mo Ni Techalloy 80S-B2
AWS A5.28 ER80S-B2
.09
.55
.48
BAL
1.35
.55
Techalloy 80S-B6
AWS A5.2 ER80S-B6
.07
.44
.36
BAL
5.45
.55
Techalloy 80S-B8
AWS A5.28 ER80S-B8
.08
.45
.34
BAL
9.15
1.05
Techalloy 90S-B3
AWS A5.28 ER90S-B3
.10
.62
.48
BAL
2.55
1.08
Techalloy 90S-B9
AWS A5.28 ER90S-B9
.11
.60
.19
BAL
9.0
Techalloy 110S-1
AWS A5.28 ER110S-1
.07
1.55
.45
BAL
Techalloy 120S-1
AWS A5.28 ER120S-1
.08
1.5
.45
BAL
Techalloy 515
AWS A5.23 EB2
.10
.65
.25
BAL 1.45
.54
Techalloy 521
AWS A5.23 EB3
.09
.69 .22
BAL
2.55
1.02
Techalloy 4130
.31
.52
.28
BAL
.93
.20
Techalloy AK-10
.12
1.45
.60
BAL
.30
.40
AWS A5.28 ER100S-G
.95
.5
.30
.42
2.30
.35
.50
2.55
V
.18
.95
RECOMMENDED WELDING PARAMETERS
FOR TIG AND MIG WELDING OF LOW ALLOY STEELS
ProcessDiameter of Wire
Voltage (V)
Amperage (A)
Gas
TIG
.035 inches
10-12
50-70
100% Argon
.045 inches
10-12
70-100
100% Argon
1/16 inches
12-15
100-125
100% Argon
3/32 inches
15-20
125-175
100% Argon
1/8 inches
15-20
175-250
100% Argon
MIG – Spray Transfer
.035 inches
28-32
165-200
98% Argon + 2% Oxygen
.045 inches
30-34
180-220
75% Argon + 25% CO2
1/16 inches
30-34
230-260
100% CO2
MIG – Short Circuiting Transfer
.035 inches
22-25
100-140
100% CO2*
.045 inches
23-26
120-150 75% Argon + 25% CO2
*With 100% CO2 gas shielding, weld metal undergoes globular transfer.
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31 W E L D I N G W I R E
and
ELECTRODES
suggestions for welding Low Alloy STEELs
Low alloy steels are used for higher strengths and ser-
by gases such as 100% argon, 98% argon with 2%
vice environments of high and low temperatures. They
oxygen, 75% argon with 25% carbon dioxide, and
contain carbon, manganese, chromium, molybdenum,
100% carbon dioxide.
and nickel – and in some specific types vanadium and
copper appear as alloying elements. Low alloy steels
with chromium and molybdenum are designed for
moderately high temperature applications, since they
have high creep resistance. For still higher temperatures, ferritic and martensitic stainless steels are used.
The smooth functioning of MIG welding depends on
welding parameters, shielding gases, and the consumables. The welding parameters are amperage, voltage,
feed of the wire, speed of welding, and flow rate of the
shielding gas. The feed of the wire has to be adjusted
to suit the voltage and amperage. Voltage, amperage,
TIG WELDING
and speed determine the heat input. If these param-
In TIG welding, the arc is struck between the workpiece
eters are not synchronized, the welding does not per-
and the non-consumable electrode like thoriated tung-
form well. There could be burnback fusing the tips, or
sten for welding of ferrous materials and zirconiated
there could be insufficient melting of the wire, resulting
tungsten for aluminum. The consumable wire is melted
in improper fusion. If the gas pressure is insufficient,
in the arc atmosphere and the inert gases like argon
the metal gets oxidized, leaving inclusions and porosity
or helium or their mixture are used as shielding gases.
in weld metal.
TIG is extremely suitable for joining thin sheets and
There are two different techniques in MIG welding
tubes, and for making root pass welding in pipes, since
• Spray transfer
the heat input in this process is minimal. TIG welds do
• Droplet transfer/short-circuit type
not cause any undercuts or excessive penetration, and
the distortion is the lowest of any welding process. TIG
welds provide superior quality weld metal, but the productivity is low.
In spray type, the liquid weld metal travels from the
tip of the consumable in the form of tiny globules to
the workpiece. Spray transfer is achieved with higher
current densities. In droplet transfer, the liquid metal
MIG WELDING
travels in the form of droplets, and operates at lower
Gas-Metal-Arc welding is generally called MIG (metal
current densities. Usually the droplet or short-circuit-
inert gas) welding. In this process, the consumable
ing technique is used in root pass welding, followed by
travels through a nozzle and a tip before it strikes an
spray transfer for the rest of the welding.
arc with the workpiece. The arc atmosphere is shielded
www.techalloy.com / 1-800-638-1458 / Techalloy Welding Products
WELDING WIRE
and
E L E C T R O D E S 32
PACKAGING OPTIONS
Unless a customer specifies that exact metric
STANDARD DIAMETERS
size is required, standard imperial size will be
substituted. For example, .045” standard will be
GMAW (MIG)
.030”
.035”
.045”
1/16”
supplied instead of 1.2 mm wire unless otherwise
GTAW (TIG)
1/16”
3/32”
1/8”
5/32”
specified at the time of the order.
SAW (Sub-Arc)
1/16”
3/32”
1/8”
5/32”
SMAW (Electrodes)
3/32”
1/8”
5/32”
3/16”
PACKAGING OPTIONS
Item
Standard Package
GMAW
2# Spool
20 spools – 40#/box
A
10# Spool
4 spools – 40# /box
A
33# Plastic Spool
1 spool – 33#/box
S
33# Wire Spool
1 spool – 33#/box
S
60# Spool
1 spool – 60#/box
A
GTAW
60# Coil
1 coil – 60#/box
10# Tubes (36”)
3 tubes-30#/box
S
60 cartons/skid
S
50# Bulk (36”)
SAW
SMAW
S
250# Reel
3 reels/skid
A
500# Reel
3 reels/skid
A
250# Tech Pak
2 paks/skid
A
500# Tech Pak
2 paks/skid
A
500# Pay-off Pak
4 paks/skid
A
700# Pay-off Pak
4 paks/skid
A
8# Poly Tube (3/32” x 12”)
3 tubes - 24#/box
S
10# Poly Tube (3/32” x 14”)
3 tubes – 30#/box
S
S – Standard Packaging (may vary by alloy)
A – Available upon request
# – Pounds
www.techalloy.com / 1-800-638-1458 / Techalloy Welding Products
33 W E L D I N G W I R E
and
ELECTRODES
tables and charts
LINEAR MEASUREMENTS
WEiGHT MEASUREMENTS
Linear Measures
Metric Equivalents
Weight Measures
Metric Equivalents
1 centimeter
0.3937 inches
1 gram
0.03527 ounce
1 inch
2.54 centimeters
1 ounce
28.35 grams
1 decimeter
3.937 inches / 0.328 foot
1 kilogram
2.2046 pounds
1 foot
3.048 decimeters
1 pound
0.4536 kilogram
1 meter
39.37 inches / 1.09.36 yards
1 metric ton
0.98421 English ton
1 yard
0.9144 meter
1 English ton
1.016 metric ton
1 dekameter
1.9884 rods
1 rod
0.5029 dekameter
1 kilometer
0.621.37 mile
1 mile
1.609.3 kilometers
TEMPERATURE CONVERSIONS
SQUARE MEASUREMENTS
Fahrenheit
Celsius
Fahrenheit
Celsius
212˚F
100˚C
59˚F 15˚C
122˚F
50˚C
50˚F
10˚C
113˚F
45˚C
41˚F
5˚C
104˚F
40˚C
32˚F
0˚C
Square Measures
Metric Equivalents
1square centimeter
0.1550 square inches
98.6˚F
37˚C
23˚F
-5˚C
1 square inch
6.452 square centimeters
95˚F
35˚C
14˚F
-10˚C
1 square decimeter
0.1076 square foot
86˚F
30˚C
5˚F
-15˚C
1 square foot
9.2903 square decimeter
77˚F
25˚C
-4˚F
-20˚C
1 square meter
1.196 square yards
68˚F
20˚C
-13˚F
-25˚C
1 square yard
0.8361 square meter
1 acre
160 square rods
1 square rod
0.00625 acre
1 hectare
2.47 acres
1 acre
0.4047 hectare
1 square kilometer
0.386 square mile
1 square mile
2.59 square kilometers
MEASURE OF VOLUME
FRACTION/DECIMAL EQUIVALENTS
FractionDecimal
FractionDecimal
FractionDecimal
1/64
.01563
3/8
.375
47/64
.7344
1/32
.03125
25/64
.39063
3/4
.7500
3/64
.04688
13/32
.40625
49/64
.7656
1/16
.0625
27/64
.42188
25/32
.7813
5/64
.07913
7/16
.4375
51/64
.7969
3/32
.09375
29/64
.45313
13/16
.8125
7/64
.10938
15/32
.46875
53/64
.8281
Volume Measures
Metric Equivalents
1 cubic centimeter
0.061 cubic inch
1/8
.125
31/64
.48438
27/32
.8438
1 cubic inch
16.39 cubic centimeter
9/64
.14063
1/2
.50
55/64
.8594
1 cubic centimeter
0.0353 cubic foot
5/32
.15625
33/64
.51563
7/8
.8750
1 cubic foot
28.371 cubic decimeters
11/64
.17188
17/32
.53125
57/64
.8906
1 cubic yard
0.7646 cubic meter
3/16
.1875
35/64
.54688
29/32
.9063
1 stere
0.2759 cord
13/64
.20313
9/16
.5625
59/64
.9219
1 cord
3.264 steres
7/32
.21875
37/64
.57813
15/16
.9375
1 liter
0.908 quart dry /
15/64
.23438
19/23
.59375
61/64
.9531
1.0567 quarts liq.
1/4
.25
39/64
.60938
31/32
.9688
1 quart dry
1.101 liters
17/64
.26563
5/8
.6250
63/64
1 quart liquid
0.9463 liter
9/32
.28125
41/64
.6406
1
1 dekaliter
2.6417 gallons / 1.135 pecks
19/64
.29688
21/32
.6563
1 gallon
0.3785 dekaliter
5/16
.3125
43/64
.6719
1 peck
0.881 dekaliter
21/64
.32813
11/16
.6875
1 hektoliter
2.8375 bushels
11/32
.34375
45/64
.7031
1 bushel
0.3524 hektoliter
23/64
.35938
23/32
.7188
www.techalloy.com / 1-800-638-1458 / Techalloy Welding Products
.9844
1.0000
WELDING WIRE
and
E L E C T R O D E S 34
tables and charts
WIRE GAUGE TABLE
GaugeInchesMillimeters
GaugeInchesMillimeters
0000
.46000
11.6840
29
.01126
0.28594
000
.40964
10.4049
30
.01003
0.25464
00
.36480
9.2659
31
.00893
0.22676
0
.32486
8.2514
32
.00795
0.20194
1
.28930
7.34814
33
.00708
0.17983
2
.25763
6.54371
34
.00630
0.16014
3
.22942
5.82734
35
.00561
0.14261
4
.20431
5.18940
36
.00500
0.12700
5
.18194
4.62129
37
.00445
0.11310
6
.16202
4.11538
38
.00397
0.10072
7
.14428
3.66485
39
.00353
0.08969
8
.12849
3.26364
40
.00314
0.07987
9
.11443
2.90636
41
.002800
0.07113
10
.10189
2.58819
42
.002494
0.06334
11
.09074
2.30485
43
.002221
0.05641
12
.08081
2.05253
44
.001978
0.05023
13
.07196
1.82783
45
.001761
0.04473
14
.06408
1.62773
46
.001568
0.03984
15
.05706
1.44953
47
.001397
0.03547
16
.05082
1.29085
48
.001244
0.03159
17
.04525
1.14953
49
.001108
0.02813
18
.04030
1.02369
50
.000986
0.02505
19
.03589 0.91162
51
.000878
0.02231
20
.03196
0.81182
52
.000782
0.01987
21
.02846
0.72295
53
.000697
0.01769
22
.02535
0.64380
54
.000620
0.01576
23
.02257
0.57332
55
.000552
0.01403
24
.02010
0.51056
56
.000492
0.01249
25
.01790
0.45467
57
.000438
0.01113
26
.01594
0.40489
58
.000390
0.00991
27
.01420
0.36057
59
.000347
0.00882
28
.01264
0.32109
60
.000309
0.00786
Other useful conversionS
MeasurementsConversions
Temperature
˚F = 1.8 x ˚C + 32
Coating Weight
1 oz./ft. 2 = 305.5g/m 2
Draw Speed
Feet per minute / 196.8 = meters per second
Stainless Steel
Diameter 2 x 2.7 = pound per lineal foot
Metric Distance
1 Foot x .3048 = 1 meter
1 inch / 25.4 = 1 millimeter
1 Micron = .001 millimeter = .0000394 inches
Tensile Strength
PSI = mPa / .006895
Weight
1 kg = 2.2 pounds
www.techalloy.com / 1-800-638-1458 / Techalloy Welding Products
Techalloy Welding Products is part of a worldwide met-
Those advantages go straight to you, the customer,
als group owned by Central Wire. This alliance provides
through faster turnaround times, more stock on hand,
Techalloy an international reach, with advantages in finan-
and better pricing.
cial, technical and operational resources.
Techalloy Welding Products
7402 Neuhaus
2310 Chesapeake Avenue
Houston, Texas, USA, 77061
Baltimore, Maryland, USA, 21222
Phone: (800) 231-0539
Phone: (800) 638-1458
Fax: (713) 466-7425
Fax: (410) 633-2033
2500 “A” Street
Techalloy Welding Products
Perris, California, USA, 92570
2044 Rogers Road
Phone: (800) 233-3418
Perth, Ontario, Canada K7H 1P9
Fax: (951) 943-6061
Phone: (888) 267-3761
Fax: (613) 264-5551
Worldwide… a Name
North America's Leader
Printed in USA in
to
Rely ON
Stainless Steel
and
Nickel Alloy Wires
08091M