1. art and entertainment
2. movies and tv
3. television

1
IN THE HIGH COURT OF SOUTH AFRICA
GAUTENG DIVISION, PRETORIA
Case number:26166/2015
In the matter between:
ttv (PTY) LTD
Applicant
and
MINISTER OF COMMUNICATIONS
1
st
Respondent
Respondent
MINISTER OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS
AND POSTAL SERVICES
INDEPENDENT COMMUNICATIONS AUTHORITY
OF SOUTH AFRICA
3rd
Respondent
UNIVERSAL SERVICE AND ACCESS AGENCY OF
SOUTH AFRICA
4th
Respondent
SOUTH AFRICAN BROADCASTING
CORPORATION SOC LIMITED
5th
Respondent
ELECTRONIC MEDIA NETWORK LTD
6th
Respondent
ASSOCIATION OF COMMUNITY TELEVISION — SA
7th
Respondent
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF MANUFACTURERS
OF ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS
8th
Respondent
SOUTH AFRICAN COMMUNICATIONS FORUM
9th
Respondent
Respondent
SENTECH SOC LTD
CELL C (PTY) LTD
th
Respondent
Respondent
TELKOM SOC LTD
TELLUMAT (PTY) LTD
13th
SUPPORT PUBLIC BROADCASTING
COALITION
14111 Respondent
MEDIA MONITORING AFRICA
15th
Respondent
Respondent
2
SIXTH RESPONDENT'S ANSWERING AFFIDAVIT
I, the undersigned,
KAREN HELENA WILLENBERO
do hereby make oath and say that:
1.
I am the Director of Regulatory and Legal Affairs of Electronic Media
Network (Pty) Limited (M-Net) at 137 Bram Fischer Drive, Randburg.
2.
I am duly authorised to oppose this application and depose to this
answering affidavit on behalf of M-Net.
3.
The contents of this affidavit are true and correct and, unless otherwise
stated, fall within my personal knowledge and experience.
4.
I have followed and been involved in key aspects of the broadcasting
digital migration planning process since 2005. In the course of my
regulatory work at M-Net I have monitored and made submissions on
the development and implementation of television broadcasting policy
and regulations. Digital migration has been a key area of focus for
M-Net which, as a terrestrial television broadcaster, is directly affected
by the digital migration process. I have also played a broader advisory
role as a co-chairperson of the Content Committee of the ministerial
Digital Migration Working Group and as a member of the Digital
3
Dzonga Advisory Councils established by Ministers of Communications
Ivy
Matsepe-Casaburri
Nyanda
Siphiwe
and
to
oversee
the
implementation of digital migration in South Africa.
5.
Where I make factual allegations which are within the knowledge of
other persons,
I
refer the Court to their confirmatory affidavits filed with
this affidavit.
6.
Where I deal with technological aspects of 'digital migration', 'STBs',
'conditional
access'
'encryption',
and
I
refer the
Court
to
the
confirmatory affidavit of Gerhardus Jacobus van Eeden.
7.
Where I make submissions of a legal nature, I do so on the advice of
M-Net's legal representatives, which I believe to be correct.
TERMINOLOGY
8.
The issues canvassed
in
the
affidavits and documents in this
application involve a number of technological concepts and terms
which are specific to the television broadcasting industry. The key
terms which are used, and the meanings which I ascribe to them, are
set out hereunder:
8.1.
Analogue
terrestrial
television
broadcasting:
terrestrial
television where the broadcast signal is in analogue format;
4
8.2.
Conditional access (CA): a broad term referring to a range of
security technologies which enable a television broadcaster to
restrict access to its broadcast content based on payment or the
use of an authorised device. Conditional access generally
includes the encryption of television broadcast signals (known as
full conditional access,
broadcasters),
but
the
as used by subscription television
term
is
also
used
to
refer
to
software-based security technologies which do not include the
encryption of television broadcast signals;
8.3.
Control systema'STB control: uniquely South African terms,
initially proposed by the SABC in May 2008 to refer to softwarebased security technologies which do not include the encryption
of television broadcast signals;
8.4.
Digital migration: the transition from analogue broadcasting to
digital broadcasting;
8.5.
Digital terrestrial television broadcasting (DTT): terrestrial
television where the broadcast signal is in digital format;
8.6.
Encryption: the use of cryptography to scramble television
broadcast signals so that they can only be unscrambled and
viewed by those who have the software necessary to decrypt
those signals;
5
8.7.
Free-to-air broadcasting
services:
broadcasting
services
which viewers can access without having to pay a subscription
fee;
8.8.
Integrated digital television set (1DTV): a television set with a
built in digital tuner for receiving DVB-T2 transmissions, which
dispenses with the need for a set top box for converting digital
signals for reception on a television set;
8.9.
Satellite television broadcasting: transmission of television
broadcast signals via geostationary communication satellites;
8.10. Set top box (SIB): a device capable
of receiving DTT
broadcast signals and converting those back into analogue
format so that viewers with analogue television sets are able to
continue to watch television broadcasting services.
In
this
affidavit this term is used to refer only to the STB required to
view free-to-air terrestrial television broadcasting services;
8.11. Subscription broadcasting services: broadcasting services
which viewers can access only by paying a subscription fee;
8.12.
Terrestrial television broadcasting: transmission of television
broadcast signals via terrestrial transmitters.
6
In what follows, unless I indicate otherwise —
9.
9.1.
my reference to 'free-to-air broadcasters' and to 'free-to-air
broadcast signals' should be taken to refer to free-to-air
terrestrial broadcasters and broadcast signals;
9.2.
my reference to 'STBs' should be taken to refer to free-to-air
DII STBs; and
93.
my reference to a 'control system with encryption' should be
taken to refer to a control system in an STB which includes the
capability to 'encrypt' and 'decrypt' broadcast signals (encryption
capability).
THE APPLICATION
10.
This application concerns the Broadcasting Digital Migration Policy for
South Africa which was published by the Minister of Communications
(the Minister) on 8 September 2008 and amended on 7 February 2012,
17 February 2012, and 18 March 2015 (the Policy) in terms of
section 3(1) of the Electronic Communications Act, 36 of 2005 (the
ECA).
11.
In what follows
I
refer to the relevant iterations of the Policy as 'the
2008 Policy',1 'the 2012 Policy'2 and 'the 2015 Policy'.3
2
The Policy published on 8 September 2008
The Policy foliowing its amendment on 7 February 2012 and 17 February 2012
The Policy following its amendment on 18 March 2015
I
\J
7
12.
The main relief sought by e.tv relates to two clauses inserted in the
Policy by amendment on 18 March 2015 (the impugned amendments):
12.1. Clause 5.1.2(A), also referred to as 'the non-mandatory STB
control amendment', which provides as follows:
"In keeping with the objectives of ensuring universal access to
broadcasting seivices in South Africa and protecting government
investment in subsidised 5Th market, STB control system in the
free-to-air DTT will be non-mandatoty."
12.2. Clause
5.1.2(B)(a),
referred
also
to
as
'the
encryption
amendment', which provides as follows:
"The STB control system for the free-to-air DTT STBs shall.. .not
have capabilities to encrypt broadcasting signals for the
subsidised STBs."
13.
e.tv seeks an order -
13.1.
reviewing and setting aside the Minister's decision to enact the
impugned amendments;
13.2.
declaring the impugned amendments unlawful and invalid; and
13.3.
'remedying' an alleged defect in the non-mandatory STB control
amendment.
14.
I
have read e.tvs founding affidavit deposed to by Lara Jane Kantor.
Insofar as Ms Kantor deals with technological aspects of digital
migration, STBs, and encryption,
I
point out that she does not refer to
any qualifications which permit her to give evidence on these issues.
8
15.
As will appear from what follows, M-Net contends that e.tv has failed to
make out a case for the relief which it seeks.
16.
In this affidavit,
16.1.
I
set
out
M-Net's
general
response
to
application,
the
canvassing —
16.1.1.
M-Net's case in overview;
16.1.2.
e.tv's claim to standing in the public interest;
16.1.3.
the background to the application;
16.1.4.
the
implications of
an SIB control
system
with
encryption;
16.1.5.
the reviewability of the impugned amendments;
16.1.6.
the lawfulness of the encryption amendment;
16.1.7.
the rationality of the encryption amendment;
16.1.8.
the rationality of the non-mandatory STB control
amendment;
16.1.9.
the procedural fairness of the impugned amendments;
and
16.1.10. the relief sought by e.tv; and
9
16.2.
I deal with the individual allegations in the founding affidavit.
GENERAL RESPONSE TO THE APPLICATION
M-Net's case in overview
17.
e.tv wishes to encrypt its free-to-air television broadcast signals in the
DTT environment.
It
is the only free-to-air television broadcaster in
South Africa which wishes to do so, and its intention is at odds with the
global trend. The overwhelming
majority of free-to-air terrestrial
television broadcasters worldwide do not encrypt their broadcast
signals.
18.
The reasons which e.tv puts forward for wishing to encrypt its free-toair broadcast signals are based on flawed and incorrect assumptions
which are contradicted by e.tv's own previous statements.
19.
Contrary to the misconceptions promulgated by e.tv in its founding
affidavit, and by recent commentators in the media, encryption of freeto-air broadcasting signals —
19.1.
is
not required to prevent piracy of television broadcasting
content. As
I
explain below, this objective
is
met by the
incorporation in the STB of High-bandwidth Digital Content
Protection (HDCP), a form of digital copy protection which
prevents
unauthorised
copying
of
content.
The standard
developed by the South African Bureau of Standards (SABS) for
10
STBs, SANS 862:2013 Edition 2.1 (the National Standard),
explicitly requires the inclusion of HDCP in STBs;
19.2. is
required to enable free-to-air broadcasters to obtain high
definition content. As I explain below, the majority of free-to-air
terrestrial
broadcasters
worldwide
broadcast
their
signals
unencrypted and obtain and broadcast high definition content.
These broadcasters include, in the United Kingdom, the public
broadcaster, the BBC, and public commercial broadcasters llV
and Channel 5; in the United States, the public broadcaster
PBS, and commercial broadcasters ABC, NBC and CBS; and in
Australia,
the
public
broadcaster ABC
and
commercial
broadcasters Seven Network, Nine Network, Network Ten and
SBS. Leading international programme suppliers do not require
encryption
of
their
programmes
on
free-to-air
terrestrial
networks; and
19.3.
is not required to prevent the importation and sale of cheap, poor
quality STBs to the public. As I explain below, this objective will
be addressed by a range of conformance measures to protect
consumers against poor quality products, including the adoption
of the National Standard, the certification of compliant products,
and consumer education on the risks of purchasing STBs which
are not certified.
11
20.
At the heart of e.tv's challenge
is
the claim that the encryption
amendment will directly preclude free-to-air terrestrial broadcasters
from encrypting their broadcast signals in respect of the five million
households
which
will
have
government-subsidised
STBs,
and
indirectly preclude them from deciding to encrypt their signals at all.
Both parts of this claim are unfounded and untrue.
21.
What e.tv does not acknowledge or even disclose is that it can itself
fund the manufacture and provision of its own customised SIBs with
encryption capability for the households which it wishes to reach. As a
commercial
broadcaster which, we are told, has identified the
encryption of its signals as 'critical to its business', e.tv does not explain
why it expects the cost of this decision to be borne by government.
22.
Also absent from e.tv's account is a recognition of the transitory role
which the STB
is
expected to play in the terrestrial television
broadcasting landscape. It has always been accepted that the STB will
be a temporary feature of television broadcasting. It is attractive in the
early stages of digital migration as a low cost means of enabling an
existing analogue television
set to receive
digital transmissions.
Viewers already using iDTVs when digital migration is concluded will
not need to use STBs at all. When, as has happened globally, iDTV5
become more widely available and affordable, the STB will become
redundant.
12
23.
If the government-subsidised SIBs were to incorporate encryption
capability to meet e.tv's needs, viewers would be reliant in perpetuity
on STBs and STBs would have to be manufactured, purchased and
maintained indefinitely for e.tv's commercial benefit. Since digital tuners
can and will be built into a wide range of consumer products, including
portable TVs, viewers using all of these products would require STBs
as well.
24.
e.tv also does not deal with the other significant implications of
including encryption capability in STBs, which include not only the cost
but also the technical complexity which it will add to each STB, thus
increasing the risk of SIB malfunction and giving rise to higher
maintenance and repair costs for the consumer, and a higher risk of
replacement. As explained below, the inclusion of encryption capability
also has important implications for emerging manufacturers of STBs in
South Africa.
25.
Evidently e.tv does not wish to make the investment necessitated by its
decision to encrypt its free-to-air broadcast signals. Instead, it wants
encryption capability to be incorporated in the control system in all the
government-subsidised STBs. Having failed to persuade government of
the merits of its views for purposes of the formulation of government
policy, it now seeks to achieve this objective by way of judicial review. It
seeks, in essence, to usurp government policy for its own commercial
advantage.
13
26.
e.tv acknowledges that its views on the merits of encrypting free-to-air
broadcast signals are 'strenuously contested' by 'certain interested
parties', but asserts that its case does not depend on the Court
determining whether encryption of free-to-air broadcast signals is good
or bad for broadcasters or the country as a whole.
27.
In fact, e.tv's views on encryption are unsupported by the facts, have
no support among South African free-to-air television broadcasters,
and are aberrant globally. In these circumstances, e.tv's contention that
it brings this application in the public interest is unsustainable. The
application has self-evidently been brought only in e.tv's commercial
interest. Since the reasons afforded by e.tv for wishing to encrypt its
free-to-air broadcast signals are groundless, it can only be assumed
that e.tv has a different, undisclosed objective.
28.
For reasons which will be canvassed in legal argument, the impugned
amendments
do
not
constitute
administrative
action
and
are
accordingly not reviewable under the Promotion of Administrative
Justice Act, 3 of 2000 (PAJA). Even if they were, e.tv has not
established that the impugned amendments fall to be reviewed and set
aside on any of the PAJA grounds on which it relies.
29.
If the making of policy is reviewable as an exercise of public power in
terms of the constitutional principle of legality (a matter for legal
argument at the hearing of the application), the impugned amendments
in any event do not fall foul of legality standards.
14
e.tv's claim to standing in the public interest
30.
e.tv claims to bring the application both in its own interest and in the
public interest. For reasons which will be canvassed in legal argument,
e.tv has failed to make the allegations necessary to establish that it is
has standing to act in the public interest and its claim to such standing
is disputed.
Background to the application
31.
The process of developing national policy on broadcasting digital
migration commenced in 2005 with the Minister's establishment of the
Digital Migration Working Group.
32.
Among the issues addressed in policy planning were SIBs, which have
a key role to play in digital migration. After digital migration has been
completed, viewers who do not have iDTV5 will require STBs in order
to continue viewing terrestrial television on 'old' television sets with
analogue tuners.
33.
As is the case internationally, free-to-air STBs have always been
understood to have a transitory role. As e.tv itself explained
submissions to the Minister in March 2008,
in
15
"The box is merely a bridging mechanism to a/low analogue television
sets to receive a digita/ signal — when digital television sets are
available on a large scale, the box will no longer be required. The
notion of such a basic box is in line with international experience
including the United Kingdom.'4
34.
Since 2005 two key questions related to STBs have been debated:
first, whether STBs should include a 'control system', and second,
whether such a control system should include encryption capability.
35.
Government policy and individual television broadcasters' positions on
these issues have fluctuated over the last decade. The debates on
these issues have also been bedevilled by different parties' different
understanding (and interchangeable use) of the key terms 'control
system', 'conditional access' and 'encryption'.
Prior to September 2008
36.
In the period leading up to the publication of the 2008 Policy, the main
terrestrial broadcasters (e.tv, the SABC and M-Net) were opposed to
the encryption of the broadcasting signals of free-to-air television
broadcasting services and the inclusion of encryption capability
STBs.
Paragraph 5.1.4 of the e.tv submissions, which will be dealt with in more detail below
in
16
37.
In submissions to the Department of Communications dated 17 March
2008 (the 2008 e.tv submissions, annexed as 'KWI) e.tv furnished the
following reasons for its opposition to a control system with encryption
(which it called a 'CA system'):
37.1. CA is a subscription television concept and is 'wholly unsuited to
free-to-air television
37.2. The inclusion of CA in the basic free-to-air SIB 'raises critical
constitutional, economic, financial and competition issues'6 and
'infringes on the right of viewers to freedom of expression'.7
37.3. The inclusion of CA in the basic SIB would add 'complexity and
expense' to the entire digital migration process.8
37.4.
'The use of CA in a free-to-air environment is highly unusual and
untested in comparable jurisdictions'.9
37.5.
'It would ... cause unnecessaty complications down the line,
especially when integrated digital TV sets are introduced into the
market'.1°
(As is evident from its founding affidavit, e.tv now holds a position
which directly contradicts the views it expressed in 2008. It does not
offer any meaningful explanation as to why its position has changed.)
6
°
10
Paragraph 2.3 of the 2008 e.tv submissions
Paragraph 2.5 of the 2008 ely submissions
Paragraph 3.2.5.2 of the 2008 e.tv submissions
Paragraph 3.1.1 of the 2008 e.tv submissions
Paragraph 3.1.2 of the 2008 e.tv submissions
Paragraph 3.2.1.3 of the 2008 ely submissions
17
38.
The SABC articulated its opposition to a control system with encryption
in submissions to the Department of Communications in May 2008
(annexed as 'KW2').
39.
In a request for proposals issued by the SABC on 24 June 2008 in
respect of control system software for STBs (annexed as 'KW3') the
specifications
required
a
low-cost,
low-maintenance
solution
appropriate to a free-to-air market, capable of preventing subsidised
STBs from leaving South Africa, and capable of turning off stolen
STBs, with no encryption of broadcast signals.
The 2008 Policy, the 2012 Policy, and the National Standard
40.
The 2008 Policy, published in September 2008, provided that STBs
would have 'a control system to prevent STBs from being used outside
the borders of South Africa and to disable the usage of stolen STBs',11
and 'capabilities to unscramble the encrypted broadcast signals so that
only fully compliant STBs made or authorised for use in South Africa
[could] work on the network'.12
41.
In the period which followed, during which various amendments were
made to the Policy, the positions of some individual broadcasters have
changed.
12
Para 5.1.22 of the 2008 Policy
Para 5.1.2.7 of the 2008 Policy
18
42.
e.tv, which in 2008 was strongly opposed to a control system with
encryption for STBs, has completely reversed its position. The public
position of the SABC, on the other hand, has varied over time.
43.
The 2012 Policy provided that STBs would have 'a robust STB control
system', but deleted the reference in the 2008 Policy to 'capabilities to
unscramble ... encrypted signals'.
44.
The Department of Communications, in a presentation on 18 February
2014,13 described this amendment as follows:
"In 2012, an amendment to the BDM Policy was gazetted to soften the
use of the STB Control System. For example, Encryption was dropped
but STB Control maintained to ensure that STBs conform to SABC
(South African Bureau of Standards) standards")'4
45.
On
1
June 2012 the SABS approved the National Standard (an
updated and full copy of which is attached as 'KW4'), which noted the
need for 'control means ... to prevent subsidised STB decoders from
being used outside South Africa', and provided that the STB decoder
control specification could be obtained by manufacturers from the
incumbent terrestrial free-to-air broadcasting service licensees. No
reference was made to a control system with encryption.
13
14
Annexure LK3O to the founding affidavit
Slide 8. Emphasis added
19
The e.tv iudgment
46.
On 12 September 2012 e.tv instituted an application in the South
Gauteng High Court seeking declaratory relief on the question whether
the Minister had the power to determine who had responsibility for the
set-top box control system' for free-to-air DTT.
47.
This relief was sought in circumstances in which Minister Pule had, in
May 2012, appointed the signal distributor Sentech Limited to 'assume
responsibility for the STB control system, despite the Department of
Communications having requested the SABC, in March 2011, to work
in co-operation with other free-to-air broadcasters 'to commence a
process to select a suitable STB Control vendor'.
48.
The narrow issue which the Court was called upon to determine was
whether the Minister was entitled to determine who should 'manage'
the control system in SIBs. (On the facts before the Court, STB control
'management' involved the selection and appointment of a suitable
STB control vendor.) On the basis that the ECA draws a clear
distinction between ICASA's power to regulate and the Minister's power
to develop policy, the Court found that ICASA, and not the Minister,
had the power to decide this issue, and that in the absence of any
determination of this issue by ICASA, the responsibility lay with the
free-to-air broadcasters.
20
The e.tv judgment is not, as e.tv contends, authority for the proposition
49.
that the Minister cannot make policy on the question whether
government-subsidised STBs should have a control system with
encryption.
Proposed amendments to the 2012 Policy
On 21 May 2013 Minister Pule announced in Parliament that she had
50.
taken a decision to review the policy on the 'SIB control system' 'to
make this system non-mandatory. Before any such steps were taken,
Minister Pule was succeeded by Mr Yunus Carrim.
On 23 August 2013 Minister Carrim invited interested parties to a
51.
round-table discussion to try to reach consensus on (among other
things) the question whether STBs should have a 'control capability. In
the terms of reference for this process (annexed as 'KW5') the issues
identified to guide the discussion were (a) whether the SIB should
have a 'CA-based control system', and (b) if so, the forms and
modalities of the 'CA-based control system'.
52.
On 6 December 2013 Minister Carrim published for comment proposed
amendments to the 2012 Policy (the 2013 proposed amendments)15
which envisaged that a 'control system' for STBs would be mandatory,
but that its 'use' by broadcasters would not be mandatory.
15
Annexure LK3 to the founding affidavit
21
53.
The written comments made in response to the 2013 proposed
amendments reflect a common understanding that Minister Carrim's
reference to a 'control system' meant a control system with encryption.
54.
With the exception of e.tv, all the terrestrial television broadcasters
opposed the mandatory inclusion of a control system with encryption in
STBs.
55.
The SABC recommended that the 'control system' in STB's should be
non-mandatory and that 'the Department should subsidise the standard
box, which has no conditional access, which box the SABC supports
and will be using'. The SABC also made the point that '[t]here is no
basis for the Department to pay for conditional access because by so
doing it will be paying for commercial broadcasters, which would be in
contravention of the [Public Finance Management Act]'.16
56.
Act-SA, on behalf of all seven community television broadcasters in
South
Africa,
expressed
its
disappointment
at
the
proposed
amendments requiring all free-to-air STBs to have 'STB control',
describing it as 'a system which benefits only the chosen few who have
vested interests in a short-term technology which has no added value
to the poor'.17
16
I?
Annexure LK12 to the founding affidavit
Annexure LK14 to the founding affidavit
22
57.
M-Net canvassed comprehensively the flaws in the various arguments
in support of a control system with encryption in STBs,18 and the costs
that would be added to every part of the broadcasting value chain if this
was required.
58.
The National Association of Manufacturers of Electronic Components
(NAMEC),
representing
black-owned
small,
medium and micro
enterprises in the electronics industry, articulated
its
continuing
opposition to any form of conditional access and encryption capability
in the STBs on the grounds, among others, that:
58.1. it is an undesirable system that has never been implemented as
a government policy anywhere in the world;
58.2. the costs that the system introduced would be borne by the
South African taxpayer forever; and
58.3.
the requirements for manufacturers to produce STBs with
encryption
technology
would
prejudice
manufacturers entering the market.19
18
19
Annexure LK13 to the founding affidavit
Annexure LK1 5 to the founding affidavit
emerging
black
23
The 2015 Policy
The current Minister (Ms Faith Muthambi) published the 2015 Policy on
59.
18 March 2015. In respect of STB control, the 2015 Policy provides
that—
59.1. government-subsidised
free-to-air OTT STBs must have a
control system to prevent those STBs from functioning in nonSouth African OTT networks;2°
59.2. the STB control system for free-to-air OTT STBs will not have
capabilities to encrypt broadcast signals for the subsidised
STBs;21 and
59.3. depending
on
the
kind
of
broadcasting
services
that
broadcasters may want to provide to their customers, individual
broadcasters may at their own cost make decisions regarding
encryption of content.22
The current position is accordingly that free-to-air broadcasters who
60.
wish to encrypt their signals may do so, but will have to bear the costs
associated with this decision.
61.
At the same time that the 2015 Policy was published, the Department
of Communications announced that Government has decided to fund
the five million government-subsidised STBs fully.
20
21
22
Paragraph 5.12.2 of the 2015 Policy
Paragraph 5.1.2(B)(a) of the 2015 Policy
Paragraph 5.1.2(c) of the 2015 Policy
24
The implications of a control system with encryption
Negative impact and effects
62.
The far-reaching adverse implications of including a control system with
encryption in STBs have been canvassed fully in the 2008 e.tv
submissions (annexed as 'KWI), and M-Net's submissions of 3
January 2014 (annexure LK13 to the founding affidavit).
63.
Most compelling are the cost implications. The inclusion of a control
system with encryption
in
the government-subsidised STBs wilt
significantly increase the costs for government and consumers.
64.
The encryption system must be procured from an international
encryption vendor. I am not aware of any South African encryption
vendors.
65.
Encryption vendors require approved manufacturers to go through a
security clearance process of certification and licensing. The cost of
this
process
will
be
incurred
by
the
manufacturers
of
the
government-subsidised STBs and simply passed on to government.
66.
The STB hardware will be more costly because it will need to be
adapted to accommodate encryption.
67.
Encryption vendors will require the payment of annual license fees and
royalties for the use of their proprietary encryption systems.
25
68.
In addition, there are costs associated with the daily maintenance and
management
of
the
encryption
system
which
include
the
implementation of business systems to manage the user data base and
a call centre to address activations, de-activations, technical support
and queries.23
69.
Many of these cost considerations were highlighted by e.tv in its 2008
submissions:
"4.1.1 The cost of including CA in the basic free-to-air STB
4.1.1.1 Both the CA itself, as well as the various security
elements (necessary only to support CA) which are
proposed to be inserted into the STB from the outset,
add costs to the basic free-to-air STB. This is
unjustifiable in a situation where most South Africans
rely on free-to-air television for their information needs
and where most cannot afford the STB. Each additional
cost to the basic free-to-air STB makes the STB more
unaffordable for low-income viewers and therefore
inhibits their access to free-to-air television.
4.1.1.2 In addition, the inclusion of CA in the basic STB means
that,
in addition to the royalties payable to the CA
vendor for every box, there will be significant ongoing
costs in managing the STB both from a security and a
subscriber/viewer management perspective. The cost
of turning the free-to-air television environment into one
which is controlled through CA is not a once-off cost
These are ongoing costs which are ordinarily carried by
pay-TV operators who cover such costs from their
subscribers. In the free-to-air environment, free-to-air
broadcasters will
operational costs
stream.
23
24
need to carry these ongoing
without any additional income
,,24
encryption capability was to be included in the government-subsidised STBs, and no
free-to-air broadcaster decided to use it, these costs would fall to be carried by
government
Para 4.1.1 of the 2008 e.tv submissions
26
70.
At the time that these submissions were made, e.tv anticipated that
these costs would impact adversely on the future of its business:
"4.1.1.4
e.tv is deeply concerned that the addition of extensive
operating costs by the unnecessary inclusion of CA in the
basic free-to-air STB will be passed to broadcasters, As a
free-to-air broadcaster which is entirely dependent on
advertising revenue and which has no access to public or
state funding e.tv is concerned at the implications on the
future of its business of the unnecessary inclusion of CA in
the basic free-to-air S TB."25
71.
Another risk specified by e.tv
in
its 2008 submissions is that the
inclusion of 'cardless' encryption capabilities in STBs increases the risk
of the system being hacked, with the accompanying economic risk. As
e.tv put it, 'if the system is hacked after the STBs have been rolled out
to the existing eight million TV households, each of these STBs will
have to be replaced'.
72.
26
Ultimately the inclusion of a control system with encryption would make
consumers dependent on STBs. Viewers who had iDTVs when the
migration is effected, and viewers who acquired iDTV5 at a later stage,
would nevertheless require STBs27 in order to receive the services of
free-to-air broadcasters who had opted to use encryption, and would
have to continue to use (and maintain and replace) those STBs
in
perpetuity.
(fr\
25
26
27
Para 4.1.1.4 of the 2008 e.tv submissions
Para 4.1.2.3 of the 2008 e.tv submissions
Or another device known as a conditional access module
27
The free-to-air STBs, which were conceived of as a temporary solution
73.
(and have been employed as such in other jurisdictions) would thus
become a permanent feature of broadcasting in South Africa.
74.
The inclusion of a control system with encryption would also have a
significant adverse impact on emerging electronic manufacturers who
tendered to supply government-subsidised STBs.
As NAMEC explained
75.
in its
submissions on the 2013 proposed
amendments, the inclusion of a control system with encryption will have
numerous adverse consequences for its members.2°
76.
The encryption of the signals of free-to-air broadcasters is both unusual
and
undesirable.
Encryption
is
usually
used
by
subscription
broadcasters which wish to prevent non-subscribers from accessing
their services. The technology is costly to operate, but is considered
essential by subscription broadcasters to protect their subscription
revenue.
77.
As is confirmed in the affidavit of Andrew John Snoad, filed with this
affidavit, Futuresource Consulting Limited (Futuresource), a specialist
research and consulting firm which provides services to a range of
industry sectors, including the broadcasting sector, has found that —
28
Annexure LK15 to the founding affidavit
28
77.1. more than
150
countries worldwide have commenced or
completed digital migration and, with the exception of Ukraine,
Futuresource was unable to identify any country which has
required the
encryption
of terrestrial
free-to-air broadcast
signals;
77.2. the possibility of requiring encryption was debated, but rejected,
in countries such as the United Kingdom, the Netherlands and
Singapore, for reasons which included the cost implications and
the
inappropriateness
of
encrypting
public
broadcasting
services;
77.3. certain countries, such as Tanzania, Malaysia, Uganda and
Kenya, have provided for the optional inclusion in STBs of a
'smart card reader' or 'DVB-Cl (Common Interface) slot', which
allows for the optional introduction of encryption, but does not
require the encryption of free-to-air services, and free-to-air
services have continued to be broadcast unencrypted; and
77.4. in most jurisdictions the free-to-air OTT STBs which have been
introduced
capability.
to
the
market have not contained encryption
29
The alleged necessity of a control system with encryption
78.
e.tv contends that the encryption of free-to-air broadcasting signals is
required for three main purposes: to enable free-to-air broadcasters to
protect their content from piracy; to enable free-to-air broadcasters to
obtain high definition content; and to prevent the importation and sale
of cheap, poor quality STBs.
79.
As I have indicated above, encryption is not required for any of these
purposes.
80.
The incorporation of HDCP in STBs (in accordance with the National
Standard)29 will prevent unauthorised copying of content.
81.
As is confirmed by Mr Snoad, most free-to-air broadcasters worldwide
do not encrypt their signals, and are nevertheless able to, and do,
obtain high definition television content from international studios and
other sources. As is evident from the letters annexed as 'KW6' and
'KW7' respectively:
81.1. CBS Studios
International
(CBS),
a
leading
supplier
of
programming to the international television market, does not
require encryption of its programming (in respect of standard
definition
or
high
definition
content)
for
free-to-air linear
broadcast over analogue or digital terrestrial networks; and
29
Table 1 of the National Standard
30
81.2. The Walt Disney Company Limited (Walt Disney), another
leading supplier of programming to the international television
market, when licensing programming content (including high
definition content) in the sub-Saharan region, does not typically
require encryption of that content on free-to-air linear channels
distributed over an analogue or digital terrestrial television
network.
82.
Encryption is also not required to prevent the importation and sale of
cheap, poor quality STBs to the public. Internationally, consumers are
protected against poor quality products by less costly and less complex
measures. In South Africa the measures to be used will include the
adoption of the National Standard, the incorporation of the National
Standard into type approval regulations by ICASA in terms of section
35 of the ECA, funding by government of a conformance testing
process to be administered by the SABS, the certification of conformant
STBs, and a comprehensive consumer education campaign on the
risks of purchasing STBs which are not certified.
83.
It
is remarkable that e.tv contends that encryption is required for this
purpose.
In
its
2008 submissions
it
specifically highlighted the
alternatives to encryption which would meet this objective:
"3.2.1.4
If the concern is that the imported goods would not meet the
SABS specifications (Le. inferior products), then this
can be addressed through means other than creating a
closed system with a CA-controlled box. The following lawful
measures could be considered:
31
3.2.1.4.1 Make the standard mandatory and provide for
conformance testing. Both SABS and ICASA can
provide this facility;
3.2.1.4.2 There are secure technical solutions that can
ensure that non-compliant imports are unable to
provide the full functionality of a locally
developed and certified STB (e.g. restricting
access to the EPO application, the extended
programme information, and 7 day programme
schedules). This will not add cost to the STB bill
of materials (BoM) and would require a minimal
development overhead.
3.2.1.4.3 Consumer education and awareness campaign
(which broadcasters could support with airtime):
3.2.1.4.3.1
To promote South African STBs;
and,
3.2.1.4.3.2 To warn consumers of the dangers of
buying grey products.
In addition, broadcasters would be required only
to advertise STBs with a Digital Dzonga or.
ICASA approved logo — in the same manner as
employed by Freeview and Digital UK in the
United Kingdom.
3.2.1.4.4 Consumer incentives at retail level (Le. discount
vouchers, etc.)."3°
Review of the impugned amendments
84.
For reasons which will be canvassed in legal argument at the hearing
of the application, I am advised and submit that —
Para 3.2.1.4 of the 2008 e.tv submissions
32
84.1. the Minister's decision to make the impugned amendments did
not constitute administrative action as defined in PAJA and the
impugned amendments are accordingly not reviewable under
PAJA. Even if they were, e.tv has not established that the
impugned amendments fall to be reviewed and set aside on any
of the PAJA grounds on which they rely; and
84.2.
insofar as the impugned amendments may be reviewable in
terms of the constitutional principle of legality, the grounds on
which they may be so reviewed are limited to the standards
encompassed in lawfulness.
85.
In what follows
I
deal in any event with e.tv's challenges to the
lawfulness, rationality, reasonableness and procedural fairness of the
impugned amendments.
The lawfulness of the encryption amendment
86.
The Minister has the power, under section 3(1 )(d) of the ECA, to make
policies on matters of national policy applicable to the ICT sector,
consistent with the objects of [the ECA] and of the related legislation in
relation to ... the application of new technologies pertaining to
broadcasting services'.
87.
The
Minister
has
decided
that,
as
a
matter
of
policy,
the
government-subsidised STBs will have a control system which does
not include encryption capability.
33
88.
This decision falls within the Minister's powers under section 3(1) of the
ECA.
89.
It also accords with the distinction made in the ECA (and recognised in
the e.tv judgment) between the Minister's power to make policy and
ICASA's power to regulate.
90.
e.tv contends that
it
is by virtue of its effect that the encryption
amendment is ultra vires the Minister's powers.
It does so on the
grounds that:
90.1. the practical effect of the encryption amendment is (a)to prevent
free-to-air broadcasters who choose to encrypt from accessing
the five million households with government-subsidised STBs;
and (b) to prevent any free-to-air broadcaster from choosing to
encrypt at all; and
90.2. this is an unlawful effect.
91.
It will be argued at the hearing of the application that the effects of a
decision are not a cognisable basis for legality review. In any event, as
indicated elsewhere in this affidavit, the effects which e.tv alleges are
not supported by the facts. Nor can the encryption amendment have
any effect on the rights of free-to-air broadcasters. The effects relied
upon by e.tv could flow only from a decision based on the Policy. No
such decision is raised or impugned by e.tv in this application.
34
The rationality of the encryption amendment
92.
e.tv contends that there is an internal contradiction in the amendments
introduced by the Minister in that the encryption amendment renders
'nugatory and meaningless' broadcasters' 'right' under clause 5.1.2(C)
to make their own decisions on the question of encryption, and that this
contradiction renders the Minister's decision to enact the encryption
amendment irrational and unreasonable.31
93.
For reasons which will be canvassed in legal argument at the hearing
of the application, I am advised and submit that in legality review the
'rationality' standard requires only that the exercise of executive power
is rationally related to its purpose, and not arbitrary, and that objective
'reasonableness' is not a ground of review.
94.
The encryption amendment is rationally related to the purpose for
which the Minister's power under section 3(1) of the ECA was granted,
namely to make national policy on 'the application of new technologies
pertaining to ... broadcasting services'.
95.
The contradiction which e.tv alleges is based on the proposition that
clause 5.1.2(C) purports 'to allow broadcasters the rjgkt to make their
own decisions on the question of encryption' while clause 5.1.2(B)(a)
'render[sJ this
31
entirely nugatory and meaningless'.
Paragraph 124 of the founding affidavit
35
96.
This proposition is incorrect. To the extent that broadcasters have the
right to decide to encrypt their signals, it is not the Policy which confers
such a right on them.
97.
There is accordingly no contradiction which gives rise to arbitrariness
or irrationality. The contradiction which e.tv alleges is entirely selfconstructed and illusory.
The rationality of the non-mandatory STB control amendment
98.
e.tv contends that the non-mandatory STB control amendment has
been afflicted by a drafting error, and that it was intended to provide
that 'the use of' the STB control system would be non-mandatory.
99.
However, e.tv has not made out a case for the meaning or the
correction for which it contends.
100.
Properly interpreted, in the context of all the control system provisions
in the 2015 Policy and as confirmed in the statement issued by the
Department of Communications on 13 March 2015 (annexure LK39 to
the founding affidavit), clause 5.2.1(A) means that the Minister does not
seek to make policy on the question whether STBs other than the
government-subsidised STBs should have a control system, or whether
such a control system should contain encryption.
36
101.
I am advised and submit that, in any event, e.tv has laid no basis for
the exceptional corrective remedy which it seeks, and that this is not
competent relief. This will be a matter for legal argument at the hearing
of the application.
The procedural fairness of the impugned amendments
102.
e.tv contends that the impugned amendments should have been
published for comment before they were enacted, and that the failure to
publish them renders them reviewable for procedural unfairness.
103.
The ECA does not require the Minister, prior to making amendments to
a policy issued in terms of section 3(1), to publish the proposed
amendments for comment.
104.
In any event, the impugned amendments were made after all interested
parties had had an opportunity to comment fully on the issue whether
STBs should include a control system with encryption in response to
the 2013 proposed amendments.
105.
As is evident from the submissions made by the fifth to thirteenth
respondents in respect of the 2013 proposed amendments, this issue
was fully canvassed in the process.
106.
Minister Muthambi, in her introduction to the 2015 Policy, states directly
that
her
amendments
were
made
taking
into
consideration
submissions made by stakeholders on the amendments proposed by
the Department of Communications on 06 December 2013'.
37
107.
Contrary to e.tv's contention that the encryption amendment 'was not a
result
of the representations made to the Minister' and 'no party
proposed that only government-subsidised STBs should be precluded
from decrypting encrypted signals, the SABC in terms recommended
that the amendments should be confined to making the control system
in the free-to-air STB 'non-mandatory' and that the Department should
subsidise the 'standard box' without conditional access.32
The relief sought by e.tv
108.
For all the reasons set out in this affidavit, e.tv is not entitled to the
relief which it seeks.
RESPONSE TO SPECIFIC ALLEGATIONS IN THE FOUNDING AFFIDAVIT
Ad paragraphs Ito II
109.
For the reasons set out in this affidavit, M-Net denies that all the
allegations in the founding affidavit are true.
32
Paragraph 3 of the SABC submissions, annexure LK12 to the founding affidavit
38
110.
While it is correct to say that the 2013 proposed amendments were
different to the amendments now enacted by the Minister, both sets of
amendments canvassed the common issue whether, and to what
extent, the government-subsidised STBs should contain a control
system, and
if so,
whether that control system should include
encryption capability. Whereas Minister Carrim proposed that a control
system with encryption should be required for
all
STBs, Minister
Muthambi has made policy in respect of the narrower category of
government-subsidised STBs.
Ad paragraphs 12 to 16
111.
Minister Carrim, in seeking public comment on the 2013 proposed
amendments, did not act in accordance with section 3(5)(b) and 3(8) of
the ECA. These provisions did not at that time, nor do they now,
require amendments to a policy made under section 3(1) of the ECA to
be published for comment.
Ad paragraphs 17 to 20
112.
For the reasons set out
in this
affidavit, M-Net denies that the
impugned amendments fall to be reviewed and set aside on any
grounds, and denies the effects contended for by e.tv.
113.
e.tv presumably means to put forward its contentions on the proper
interpretation of the impugned amendments, rather than 'explain' their
meaning.
39
Ad paragraph 21
114.
For reasons which will be canvassed in legal argument at the hearing
of the application, M-Net denies that the Minister's decision to make the
impugned amendments amounts to administrative action in terms of
PAJA.
115.
To the extent that the impugned amendments may be reviewable in
terms of the principle of legality, such review is limited to the standards
encompassed by lawfulness.
Ad paragraph 22
116.
As set out in paragraph 30 above, M-Net disputes e.tv's claim to have
standing to bring the application in the public interest.
Ad paragraph 23 (including sub-paragraphs)
117.
For reasons which will be canvassed in legal argument, M-Net denies
that the encryption amendment is ultra vires or breaches any relevant
principles emerging from the e.tv judgment.
118.
The only proposition relevant to this application for which the e.tv
judgment is authority
is
that the ECA distinguishes between the
Minister's power to make policy and ICASA's power to regulate.
40
119.
There is nothing in the e.tv judgment which can be construed as
precluding the Minister from deciding, as a matter of policy, that the
government-subsidised STBs should contain a control system which
does not include encryption capability.
120.
For the reasons set out elsewhere, the encryption amendment does
preclude free-to-air broadcasters from encrypting their broadcast
signals. It simply precludes them from doing so at the government's
expense.
Ad paragraph 24 (including sub-paragraphs)
121.
For the reasons set out in this affidavit, the encryption amendment
does not preclude free-to-air broadcasters from encrypting their
broadcast signals.
122.
There is no internal contradiction in the amendments introduced by the
Minister. In the encryption amendment, the Minister states that the
control system in the government-subsidised STBs will not include
encryption capability. In clause 5.1.2(C), she states that free-to-air
broadcasters may encrypt their signals at their own cost.
123.
e.tv fails to distinguish between its freedom to encrypt its signals and its
freedom to do so at the government's expense. As
above,
clause
5.1.2(c)
does
not
broadcasters to encrypt their signals.
confer
a
I
have indicated
on
free-to-air
41
124.
The 'very significant deleterious effects' alleged by e.tv are, for all the
reasons set out in this affidavit, baseless.
Ad paragraph 25 (including sub-paragraphs)
125.
For the reasons set out above, this clause, properly interpreted, means
nothing more than that the Minister does not purport to make policy
regarding the inclusion of a control system in the STBs which are not
subsidised by government. This is precisely the meaning ascribed to
the clause by e.tv itself in paragraph 25.2 of the founding affidavit.
126.
The correction which e.tv seeks is incompetent relief, and in any event
e.tv has laid no basis for it.
Ad paragraph 26 (including sub-paragraphs)
127.
M-Net denies, for all the reasons set out in paragraphs 102 to 107
above, that the process followed by the Minister in enacting the
impugned amendments was unfair, irrational or unlawful.
Ad paragraph 27 (including sub-paragraphs)
128.
M-Netagreesthatthis application should be determined urgently.
129.
This is not because there has been 'negative reaction from a wide
range of players', but because the ongoing delay in digital migration is
preventing the release of valuable radio frequency spectrum which is
crucial to the economy.
42
130.
As for the negative commentary highlighted by e.tv, which includes
sensationalist predictions of 'television apartheid' and an 'apartheid
style content divide', the articles concerned all disclose the same
fundamental misconception that encryption is necessary for free-to-air
broadcasters to prevent piracy of content, obtain quality content, and to
protect consumers from poor quality STBs.
131.
It is in fact astounding that none of the commentators concerned has
taken the trouble to ascertain that most free-to-air broadcasters
worldwide do not encrypt their signals, and yet do not suffer any of the
disadvantages which it is suggested will befall South African free-to-air
broadcasters (and their viewers) if free-to-air signals are not encrypted.
On
the
contrary,
requiring
encryption
capability
in
government-subsidised STBs would increase the price tag to the
government, reduce the number of government-subsidised STBs
available for distribution,
and thereby result itself
in
'television
apartheid'.
Ad paragraphs 29 to 33
132.
I
point out that in addition to SABC1, SABC2, SABC3, and e.tv, there
are seven community television terrestrial channels, namely Soweto
TV, Cape Town TV, Bay TV, One KZN, Tshwane TV, North West TV
and Sara TV, broadcast by entities bearing the same names.
43
Ad paragraphs 34 to 35
133.
As pointed out by e.tv in a footnote, STBs will not be required by
viewers who have an 1DTV.
134.
While it may be correct that 1DTVs currently 'are not a practical option
for the vast majority of ordinary South Africans', this position will
change in the not too distant future. As analogue television sets age,
break down, and become obsolete, consumers may elect to buy an
iDTV when they purchase a new television set, rather than an analogue
television set with an STB. For example, in the United Kingdom, sales
of iDTVs surpassed sales of STBs in
This is also likely to occur
in South Africa, as the price of iDTVs comes down.
135.
It is not correct that the minimum cost of an iDTV is currently R5000.
An iDTV can currently be purchased for approximately R3000. Whilst
this may not be affordable for the poorest television households, it is a
viable option for many South Africans when they purchase a new
television set.
Otcom http://stakeholders.ofcorn.org.
updates/DTV charts QI 2011pdf)
44
Ad paragraphs 36 to 39 (including sub-paragraphs)
136.
I point out that while no viewers will be deprived of access to television
services as a result of this delay, South Africa's failure to meet the ITU
deadline will have far-reaching effects since there is serious ongoing
prejudice to the economy arising from the delay in freeing up valuable
spectrum.
137.
The key economic benefit of the process of digital migration is the
release of valuable radio frequency spectrum known as the 'digital
dividend'. This radio frequency spectrum will be used to provide new
and improved broadcasting services and electronic communications
services such as wireless broadband.
It will
also be significantly
cheaper to provide wireless broadband using the specific spectrum that
will be released. Since the digital dividend can only be realised after
migration is complete, any delay in the process of migration means a
delay in the release of the digital dividend.
Ad paragraphs 40 to 45
138.
I point out, with regard to the allegations in paragraphs 42 and 43, that
viewers will require either an STB pj an iDTV to watch television after
digital migration. e.tv's account implies inaccurately that viewers will
require STBs in perpetuity. This would only be the case if free-to-air
broadcast signals were to be encrypted.
45
Ad paragraph 46
139.
It
is correct that the inclusion of a control system will protect the
government's investment in the government-subsidised STBs. Clause
5.1.2(B)(b) states as much, while the encryption amendment provides
that the control system will not include encryption capability.
Ad paragraph 47 to 53 (including sub-paragraphs)
140.
It
is correct that reference has been made to 'STB control' in the
various iterations of the Policy and in the National Standard. What
it
means, and the purposes for which it has been required, has not been
made clear.
141.
The term 'STB control' has been loosely used. However, the meaning
which Ms Kantor ascribes to the term 'control system', namely, 'the
extent to which STBs can be managed from and interact with a central
point from which broadcasts originate', is flawed and overbroad.
It
describes a system involving two-way interactivity which can only be
achieved with encryption.
142.
The basic security objectives outlined in the National Standard (and set
out in sub-paragraphs 53.2.1
inexpensive software
to
53.2.3) are achievable through
security systems that do not
complexity or the expense of encryption.
require the
46
Ad paragraph 54 (including sub-paragraphs)
143.
It
is correct that the question whether STBs should have a control
system must be distinguished from the question whether such a control
system should have encryption capability. As I have pointed out above,
the Minister has made this distinction in clause 5.1.2(B) of the 2015
Policy.
144.
It is also correct that encryption technology is used by all subscription
television operators. It is highly unusual for encryption technology to be
used in the free-to-air terrestrial television environment.
145.
Whatever role the encryption of free-to-air signals would play a role in
preventing the importation of cheap, poor quality STBs, this objective
can be pursued by other, less costly means, which I address in detail in
my response to paragraph 56.1 below.
Ad paragraph 55
146.
As I have indicated above, e.tv was in 2008 strenuously opposed to the
encryption of free-to-air television broadcasting signals and to the
inclusion of encryption capability in STBs.
I
note that Ms Kantor does
not either attach e.tv's 2008 submissions (annexed as 'KWI'), or
explain on what grounds e.tv came to reverse its strongly held positions
'after discussions with various players'. For all the reasons set out in
this affidavit, STB control incorporating encryption capability
is
critical to protect the interests of free-to-air broadcasters or viewers.
47
Ad paragraph 56
147.
For reasons set out above, there is no foundation for e.tv's contention
that encryption of free-to-air broadcast signals serves any public
interest.
Ad paragraph 56.1 (including sub-paragraphs)
148.
Encryption is not required to ensure compliance with a minimum set of
specifications. The National Standard sets out the minimum technical
requirements for STBs in South Africa which, it states:
"wi/I result in a low cost, low maintenance unit that provides basic
functionality, i.e. decoding the DTT broadcasts to provide baseband
and UHF modulated outputs, and an Electronic Programme Guide
(EPG) that provides details of the available setvices."34
149.
The National Standard, together with the other conformance measures
which will be implemented, will 'allow for FTA broadcasts to be received
in the correct format and with the correct features, ensuring a uniform
and reliable viewer experience'.
Section 11 note 1 of the National Standard
48
150.
In South Africa, as in other countries, the problem
of ensuring
compliance with the National Standard will be addressed by the
implementation
of
a
certification
scheme
together
with
a
comprehensive consumer campaign to ensure that consumers are
educated about the advantages of purchasing STBs which bear the
approved
'digital
tick'
logo,
a
certification
mark
that
identifies
conformant STBs. To this end, the Department of Trade and Industry
has already funded a conformance testing facility to be administered by
the SABS which will be responsible for the testing of STBs and the
award of the 'digital tick'. The Department of Communications is also in
the process of developing a comprehensive consumer awareness
campaign.
151.
Even if this was not the case, and no certification scheme or consumer
awareness campaign was implemented, encryption would still not be
required. The goal of ensuring compliance could be achieved by ICASA
incorporating the National Standard into Type Approval Regulations in
terms of section 35 of the ECA which would render the possession,
use, supply, sale and offer of non-conformant STBs unlawful.
152.
I
take issue with Ms Kantor's assumption that viewers with non-
compliant STBs will (ignorantly) ascribe their viewing problems to the
broadcasters or to the OTT platform.
49
153.
Consumers who purchase grey' products are likely to be aware of the
risk which they take in doing so. The free-to-air broadcasters will of
course be able to explain to viewers using non-compliant products that
they are unable to improve the viewer experience.
154.
The incorporation of encryption capability in basic STBs would be a
disproportionately complex and expensive means of preventing the
sale of non-compliant STBs.
Ad paragraph 56.2 (including sub-paragraphs)
155.
I note that e.tv does not aver in direct terms that encryption of signals is
necessary for free-to-air broadcasters to obtain high definition content.
Instead it is alleged that 'e.tv would in the future likely be unable to
provide broadcasts in high definition' because content providers and
studios 'are increasingly tending to require strict levels of security for
the broadcast of HD versions of programmes' and 'this is likely to be
exacerbated as new forms of technology.., are introduced'.35
156.
No factual foundation is furnished for these vague and speculative
averments. No indication is given of particular content providers or
studios which require encryption, nor of particular forms of technology
which might necessitate encryption.
Emphasis added
50
157.
As I have set out in detail earlier in this affidavit, the non-encryption of
free-to-air broadcasting signals is not an obstacle to the acquisition of
HD content by free-to-air broadcasters. To the contrary, major
providers like CBS and Walt Disney do not require encryption for this
purpose, and leading free-to-air broadcasters globally acquire HO
content without encrypting their signals.
I
am not aware of any
anticipated technological advances which would change this position.
Ad paragraphs 57
158.
M-Net does not so much strenuously contest these views, as point out
that they have no basis in fact whatsoever. So much so, that e.tv's
perpetuation of these fundamental errors raises serious concerns about
e.tv's true motives in its efforts to obtain encryption capability in the
government-subsidised STBs.
Ad paragraph 58
159.
It is
unsurprising that e.tv does not wish this Court to determine
whether its position on encryption has any factual foundation. It does
not. However, e.tv relies on the reasons which it has put forward, not
only to establish urgency, but also to establish its standing to act in the
public interest.
51
Ad paragraph 59
160.
It
is correct that the Minister has left the way open for free-to-air
broadcasters to encrypt their signals, if they wish to do so, albeit at
their own cost.
Ad paragraph 60
161.
For all the reasons set out in this affidavit, the impugned amendments
do not prevent e.tv from making the decision to encrypt its own
free-to-air broadcast signals.
162.
I note that e.tv identifies as the focal objective of the review application
'to ensure that the BDM Policy does not prevent it making its own
decision regarding encryption of its own broadcast signal'. This makes
it clear that the application serves a purely commercial purpose, and
not any public interest. As
I
have explained, e.tv's encryption of its
broadcast signals would serve no public interest.
Ad paragraphs 61 to 69
163.
For the reasons set out in paragraphs 46 to 49 above, the e.tv
judgement is not authority for any proposition other than that the ECA
distinguishes between the Minister's power to make policy and ICASA's
power to regulate.
52
164.
In 2008 Minister Pule requested the SABC, along with other free-to-air
broadcasters to take responsibility for selecting the SIB control vendor.
It was in this context that the SABC and e.tv began preparing for the
selection and appointment of an STB control vendor.
Ad paragraphs 70 and 71
165.
The Minister has respected the ratio for the e.tv judgment, which is that
the Minister makes policy and ICASA regulates. She has made policy
in respect of the government-subsidised STBs and left it to the free-to-
air broadcasters, should they wish to encrypt their signals, to do so at
their own expense.
Ad paragraphs 72 to 74
166.
While opinion among all the stakeholders who commented on the 2013
proposed amendments might have been divided, there was a degree of
consensus among the terrestrial broadcasters.
167.
Of the ten terrestrial television broadcasters, and the nine free-to-air
terrestrial television broadcasters, e.tv alone supported the proposed
amendments.
Ad paragraphs 75 to 77
168.
Whatever the aim of the 2013 proposed amendments was, they
purported to prescribe the incorporation of a control system with
encryption capability in all STBs.
53
Ad paragraphs 78 and 79
169.
The facilitation process conducted by Minister Carrim did foster 'a
measure of consensus' among the broadcasters. The consensus
among the SABC, M-Net and the community television broadcasters
was that STBs should not contain encryption capability.
170.
ACT-SA, in its submissions on the 2013 proposed amendments,
reflected the outcome of the discussions, and its surprise that Minister
Carrim had paid no attention to it:
"4.1
ACT-SA participated in the Roundtable Discussion convened by
the Minister in September 2013 on the issue of STB controL
4.2
During this process ACT-SA joined the SABC, the emerging
manufacturers and MultiChoice in opposing the inclusion of STB
control in the free-to-air set-top-boxes. The only party which
supported the inclusion of STB control was e.tv.
5.
When we consider that every party
to
the
Roundtable
Discussion (other than e.tv) was opposed [to] the inclusion of
STB control, we are surprised at the language which the
Minister presented to Cabinet and the language which now
appears in the proposed amendments".
Ad paragraphs 80 to 92
171.
Insofar as e.tv impugns Mr Solly Mokoetle's assessment of the
anticipated 2015 Policy, it once again confuses the issue of whether
free-to-air broadcasters would be free to encrypt their signals (which
they are) and whether they would be able to do so at the expense of
government (which they are not).
54
Ad paragraph 93 (including sub-paragraphs)
172.
For reasons already canvassed
in
this
affidavit, the impugned
amendments are entirely consistent with the e.tv judgment, insofar as it
is of application to the issues in this application.
Ad paragraph 94 (including
173.
Public debate between the Department of Communications and
USAASA in respect of the tender for government-subsidised STBs is
not relevant to any issue to be determined in this application.
Ad paragraphs 95 to 101
174.
For reasons which will be canvassed in legal argument at the hearing
of this application, M-Net disputes that the Minister was obliged to give
reasons for the impugned amendments.
175.
Nor was the Minister required to give reasons for excluding certain
provisions of the Policy, or for any perceived discrepancy between
cabinet and department statements, on the one hand, and the 2015
Policy, on the other.
In
any event,
in
respect of the impugned
amendments, the Minister's responses clearly elucidate what is evident
from the words used in the amendments: encryption is possible, but not
at the expense of government.
55
Ad paragraphs 102 to 107 (including sub-paragraphs)
176.
Clause 5.1.2(C) of the 2015 Policy states, as a matter of policy, that
individual broadcasters are free to decide whether they wish to encrypt
their content. This clause does not, as is suggested in paragraph 106
of the founding affidavit, confer (or purport to confer) a rIgPt on
broadcasters to encrypt their signals.
177.
For all the reasons set out in this affidavit, the impugned amendments
do not — in their terms or
in
their effect
-
preclude free-to-air
broadcasters from encrypting their signals.
178.
The Minister has decided, as a matter of policy, that the government-
subsidised STBs will have a control system which does not include
encryption capability.
179.
This will not preclude free-to-air broadcasters from encrypting their
broadcast signals in respect of the five million television households
which receive government-subsidised STBs.
180.
The fallacious assumption underlying e.tv's contentions is that e.tv can
only encrypt its signals
if
the government funds the inclusion of
encryption capability in the government-subsidised STBs.
181.
The government has decided, as it is entitled to decide, that the STBs
which it is subsidising should not contain encryption capability.
56
182.
e.tv, as a commercial broadcaster, must accordingly decide whether it
is prepared to make the required investment in encryption. e.tv has no
entitlement to be assisted by government to follow this route.
Ad paragraph 108 (including sub-paragraphs)
183.
The encryption amendment clearly states that, as a matter of policy,
the SIBs which government will subsidise will not include encryption
capability.
184.
This policy decision will inform the technical requirements for the five
million STBs for the manufacture of which a government tender has
been issued.
185.
As indicated above, it is not correct that the encryption amendment will
preclude free-to-air broadcasters from encrypting their signals. They
are free to do so, at their own expense. If they choose to incur this
expense, they will be able to encrypt their signals and reach the five
million television-owning households to which they refer. If they choose
not to incur this expense, they must continue to broadcast their signals
unencrypted.
186.
For
reasons which will be canvassed
in
legal argument,
consequences outlined in paragraph 108.9 are disputed.
the
57
Paragraphs 109 and 110 (including sub-paragraphs)
187.
For the reasons set out in this affidavit, there is no contradiction
between clause 5.1.2(B)(a) and clause 5.1.2(C) of the 2015 Policy, nor
does the encryption amendment fall to be reviewed and set aside on
this basis or any other.
188.
The 'catastrophic' consequences outlined in these paragraphs would
follow, not from the encryption amendment, but from e.tv's decision to
encrypt its broadcasting signals without investing in its own customised
STBs with encryption capability.
189.
e.tv's comments on the issue of 'coverage' are confused.
190.
In the broadcasting environment, 'coverage' refers to the footprint of the
broadcast signal which is determined by network parameters for the
distribution of the broadcast signal. The concept of 'coverage' relates to
the size and scope of the broadcast network and the geographical area
covered by that network. An obligation to reach a particular coverage
area does not mean that everyone in the coverage area must have the
equipment (either
broadcasting signal.
an STB or
a
television
set) to
receive the
For example, viewers within the coverage area
may not even own a television set, yet this would not impact on a
broadcaster's coverage obligations. Provided the broadcast network
distributes the signal across the coverage area, free-to-air broadcasters
will have met their coverage obligations. e.tv's suggestion of a breach
58
by either it or the SABC of the Digital Migration Regulations and/or their
licence conditions is thus without any foundation.
191.
Likewise, if e.tv's advertising revenue depends on its reaching a
minimum percentage of households, it cannot encrypt its signals if by
doing so it will lose critical advertising revenue.
192.
In each case, e.tv must make a commercial decision and weigh up the
benefits and disadvantages of encryption of its signals.
193.
It does not follow that, because e.tv wishes to encrypt its signals,
government must assist it to meet its advertising revenue targets.
194.
Once again, I point out that the Minister has not conferred or purported
to confer a 'right' on free-to-air broadcasters with regard to encryption
of their signals.
Ad paragraphs 111 to 112
195.
For reasons which will be canvassed in legal argument, the impugned
amendments do not constitute administrative action under PAJA. Nor
do they,
in
any event, adversely affect the rights or legitimate
expectations of free-to-air broadcasters or the public.
196.
Insofar as e.tv has a right to encrypt its broadcast signal (as opposed to
a right to encrypt its broadcast signal at the expense of government),
the impugned amendments have no adverse effect on this right.
59
197.
For reasons which will be dealt with in legal argument, I am advised
and submit that no statements of Minister Carrim did or could have
given rise to any legitimate expectation cognisable under the law.
198.
The impugned amendments also have no adverse effect on the public's
constitutional right to receive free-to-air broadcasting services.
Ad paragraph 114
199.
For reasons which will be canvassed in legal argument at the hearing
of the application, if the making of policy is reviewable as an exercise of
public power in terms of the constitutional principle of legality, the
impugned amendments do not fall short of any legality standards.
Ad paragraphs 116 to 122
200.
For all the reasons set out in this affidavit, particularly in paragraphs 86
to 91, the encryption amendment was not ultra vires.
201.
The Minister has not purported either to prescribe to free-to-air
broadcasters how to manage STBs or to make binding decisions
relating to STB control. Nor does the encryption amendment have any
'un/awful' effects.
202.
The Minister has decided that, as a matter of policy, governmentsubsidised STBs will not include encryption capability.
60
203.
If e.tv is unable to encrypt its signals without courting commercial
catastrophe, that is because encryption of free-to-air signals has
significant consequences and a broadcaster which wishes to follow this
route must be prepared to invest in the necessary infrastructure.
Ad paragraphs 123 to 128
204.
For all the reasons set out in this affidavit, particularly paragraphs 92 to
97, the encryption amendment is not irrational or unreasonable.
205.
The Minister has not proscribed the encryption of free-to-air broadcast
signals, nor does she have the power, under section 3(1) of the ECA,
to do so. In any event, the encryption amendment does not directly or
indirectly prevent free-to-air broadcasters from encrypting their signals.
206.
For reasons which
I
have set out in this affidavit, the amendments
introduced by the Minister are not self-contradictory.
207.
The Minister has stated, in clause 5.1.2(C) of the 2015 Policy, that
broadcasters may encrypt at their own cost if they wish to do so. As I
have indicated, this clause does not confer on free-to-air broadcasters
a 'right' in respect of encryption.
208.
It
is quite incorrect to say that the serious effects of the encryption
amendment have nothing to do with costs.
Added costs for
government and consumers are among the most serious implications
of including encryption capability in the government-subsidised STBs.
61
Ad paragraphs 129 to 135
209.
For all the reasons set out in this affidavit, particularly in paragraphs 98
to
101,
the non-mandatory STB amendment is not irrational or
unreasonable, and the corrective remedy which e.tv seeks is neither
competent, nor is there any basis for it.
Ad paragraphs 136 to 144
210.
For all the reasons set out in this affidavit, particularly in paragraphs
102 to 107, the process pursuant to which the impugned amendments
were made was not procedurally unfair.
211.
The ECA does not require the Minister, prior to making amendments to
a policy issued in terms ot section 3(1), to publish the proposed
amendments for comment, or to consult ICASA or USAASA.
212.
In any event, the impugned amendments were made after all interested
parties had had an opportunity to comment exhaustively on the issue
whether STBs should include a control system with encryption
response to the 2013 proposed amendments.
in
62
CONCLUSION
213.
On all the grounds and for all the reasons set out in this affidavit, I ask
that the application be dismissed with costs, including the costs of two
counsel.
KAREN HELENA WILLENBERG
The Deponent has acknowledged that she knows and understands the
contents of this affidavit which was signed and sworn to before me at
on this the .&1L. day of May 2015, the regulations contained in
Notice No. 1258 of 21 July 1972, as amended and Government Notice No.
R 1648 of 17 August 1977, as amended having been complied with.
COMMISSIONER OF OATHS
GISELLE ANDREA CLEMSON
Le Var, North Block, South Wing
45 Jan Smuts Avenue
(Corner The Valley Road)
Westolift, Johannesburg
Practising Aft orney, Commissioner of Oaths
1
ON THE DRAFT
e.tv SUBMISSION TO THE pEPARTMENT OF COMMUNICATIONS
DTT SET TOP
SHORT-FORM SPECIFICATIONS FOR THE BASIC FREE-TO-AIR
BOX
1.
Introduction
1.1 e.tv thanks the Department of Communications
for the opportunity to
specifications on the digital
make this submission on the draft short-form
terrestrial television ("DTT") set top box ('SIB").
Working Group in 2005, e.tv has
1.2 Since the formation of the Digital Migration
together with other
played a central role in contributing to policy formulation
stakeholders.
1,3As e.tv
is
South Africa's only private commercial free-to-air television
and with no access to
licensee, relying entirely on advertising for its revenue
digital migration of free-topublic, state or subscription funding, the process of
e,tv's business. As a free-to-air
air services is critical to the future of
the SABC, which dominates
broadcaster e.tv competes for advertising with
well as with M Net and DSTV. Any
the advertising market in South Africa, as
business will have a
adverse effects of digital migration on e.tv's free-to-air
knock-on effect on its shareholder base.
("Sabido"), the majority of whose shares
1.4e.tv is owned by Sabido (Pty) Limited
HCI is a
Hosken Consolidated lnvdstments Limited ("hICI").
are held by
the JSE and is
leading Black Economic Empowerment ("BEE") listed on
The BEE
South Africa's Number 1 financial services BEE company.
approximately 40% of its
component of HCI is approximately 54.3% with
Clothing and Textile Workers Union
shares being held by the South African
The
controlled by SACTWU. and its social benefit trusts.
("SACTWU'D. HCI is
100 000 clothing and textile
members of SACTWU comprise approximately
workers together with their
workers. The beneficiaries of the trusts are these
2
dependants. A large portion of investment income from
I-Id
and its
programmes to
subsidiades (including e.tv) is allocated to SACTWU welfare
their dependants. Over
provide the social benelits to SACIWU members and
has been provided
the last six years some R15 million of funding per annum
The range of projects funded
to the fund's social responsibility programmes.
support, employment
by the welfare programmes primarily covers educational
healthcare projects and housing.
creation and protection projects, RIV AIDS,
where broadly based black
HCI is one of the few companies on the JSE
social responsibility initiatives
empowerment shareholders with substantial
have a major economic interest.
about the process followed
1 .5At the outset, e.tv records its concerns
in
developing the draft short-form specifications:
in
workshop on DTT STB specifications in Sandton
e.tv
attended
a
1.5.1
At this meeting certain issues,
June 2007 ("the Sandton meeting").
should be included in the STB,
specifically whether conditional access
e.tv
and disagreement between the parties.
were the subject of debate
opposed the basic entry-level STB
was one of the parties which
CA-ready, while the
incorporating conditional access ('CA") or being
were in favour of CA in the
SABC and several key STB manufacturers
of economic, competition
basic free-to-air OTT box. e.tv raised a range
both at the meeting and in written
and legal concerns in this regard
have been
submissions to the DoC. To date, none of these concerns
the Sandton meeting
addressed in any manner. Despite the fact that
would be
concluded that a further draftof the specifications
shortly, no such draft was circulated.
attention that there had been secret
.1.5.2 In February 2008 it came to e.tv's
and South African set-top-box
meetings between the Dod
South African set-topmanufactUrers regarding the STB specifications.
3
box thanufacturers have a vested financial interest in the design and
directly and
specifications of the SIB as they stand to benefit
financially from the production and sale of the STBs. At least one of
these meetings had also been attended by the Chair of the Digital
Dzonga who is also the SABC employee responsible for the SABC's
digital migration. The SABC is e.tv's primary competitor in the free-tothese secret
air terrestrial television market. e,tv was excluded from
meetings.
1.5.3
regarding the issue
Following repeated approaches by e.tv to the DoC
2008, an invitation to
of the SIB, the DoG sent to e.tv, on 29 February
workshop" to be held on 6 March
a "final set top box specifications
to Parliament's
2008. At a briefing by the Minister of Communications
Portfolio Committee on
Communications on 4 March 2008,
a
representative of the DoC said that the DoC had already determined
presented to broadcasters
which box it wanted and that this would be
following week, to the
for their consideration before being sent, the
for
South African Bureau of Standards (SASS)
He
an
advantage among
broadcasters as the Chair of the Digital Dzonga,
who had attended at
also
admitted
that
the SABC had
had
On the same day (4
least one meeting, was also an SABC employee.
Director-General of the DoC to
March 2008) e.tv's CEO wrote to the
Also on the same day, two days
record e.tv's concerns at the
received a draft short-form
prior to the scheduled workthop date, e.tv
time to consider the document
STB specification. It had insufficient
addition, e.tv did not receive
prior to the workshop on 6 March 2008. In
despite the fact that it now
the long-form specification for comment
appears that this document existed at the time.
1.5.4
raised with the DoC, a
During the workshop on 6 March 2008, e.tv
representative of the set top box manufacturers and the Chair of the
4
Digital Dzonga (all of whom attended the meeting) the concerns set out
above, among others. e.tv also noted that it has expected a workshop
between all the interested parties to take place at which e.tv would be
able to consider the submissions made by other stakeholders and
those stakeholders would be able to hear e.tv's submissions. However,
each stakeholder was met separately (and in private) by the DoC and
the Chair of the Digital Dzonga. While the Chair of the Digital Dzonga
(an SABC employee) has been in a position to hear and consider
all stakeholders in the process, etv (the SABC's only
submission
competitor) has not had the same opportunity.
requested the DoC, the Chair of the Digital
1.5.5 During the meeting e.tv
to
Dzonga and the representative of the set top box manufacturers
provide it with an indication of the pricing of the main components
other
reflected in the set top box specification. It is no secret among
stakeholders that one of e.tv's primary concerns with the inclusion of
which this would
CA or CA-ready components in the STB is the cost
add to the STB. Despite the parties agreeing that this information
e,tv during
would be supplied to e.tv and despite repeated requests by
e.tv. Because
the past week, this information has not been supplied to
e.tv was unable to fully consider the document in the short time
it with the
available to it, e.tv requested that the DoC provided
with
opportunity to seek urgent technical advice on the SIB and revert
the time e.tv believed the
a written submission on 17 March 2008. At
process would be put on hold until it had the opportunity to make this
recommendation and have
it
considered by all relevant parties
including the DoC.
consultant, e.tv
1.5.6 On '10 March 2008, on the advice of e.tv's STB
requested a copy of the full specification for the STE as the consultant
dralt
difficult to comment properly on the short-form
found
it
had not
specifications because they lacked sufficient detail. While e.tv
S
at any stage been advised that such a document existed, e.tv
requested a copy of this document from the DoC but received no
response to its e-mail.
1.5.7 On 12 March 2008, at a meeting of the South African Bureau of
Standards IC 74 committee to consider this matter, e.tv discovered for
the first time that a full SIB specification had in fact been drafted by
and
the set top box manufacturers and the DoC but that the existence
contents of this document had been kept secret from e.tv.
1.5.8
While e.tv has used its best endeavours to make comments on the
draft short-form STB specs in this submission, it is limited in its
submission given that it:
specification to
has still not received a copy of the full
1.5.8.1
comment on;
1.5.8.2
did
not receive
the
component pricing
breakdown
as
requested;
1.5.8.3
has not had sight of the submissions of other stakeholders
of other
and has not had the opportunity to hear the arguments
stakeholders concerning the STB.
1.5.9
e.tv is also concerned that the delays in establishing the Digital
Dzonga have resulted in a situation where there has been no
representation of átakeholders in decisionà which directly at!ect them
and no procedure for making decisions on critical issues affecting
industry stakeholders.
attended a meeting of the
1.5.10 As stated above, on 12 March 2008 e.tv
Bureau of
TC74 committee ("the committee") of the South African
6
Standards ("SABS"). At this meeting, the committee set out the
procedure required for setting a standard for the SIB, particularly that:
1.5.1 9.1
an STB working group (as a sub-group of TC74) be set up
to discuss and recommend the standard for the STB;
1.5.10.2
this working group be broadly representative of
all
the
stakeholders in the industry including broadcasters and that it be
chaired by an independent person (Linden Petzer); and,
1.5,10.3
the full draft STB specification
be provided to all the
members of this working group for their consideration.
endorsed the process
1.5.11 At the TC74 meeting on 12 March 2008 the DoC
like to place on record that it also
outlined by SABS. e,tv would
set out in
supports the procedure for determining the STB standard as
copy of.this
the SABS committee meeting. In the circumstances, a
committee, also be
submission will, as requested by the 1074
submitted to the TC74 SIB working group.
SNORT FORM TECHNICAL
2. GENERAL COMMENTS ON THE DRAFT
SPECIFICATIONS
specifications. The comments
2.1 e.tv's comments relate to the draft short4orm
not received a copy of the long-form
are limited by the fact that e.tv has
and the
spedfications which were drafted' by the set top box manufacturers
DoC e,tv therefore reserves its right to submit further
the long-form specification is made available to it.
comments as and when
in the STB of components
2.2e.tv's comments primarily concern the inclusion
(CA). At the workshop
which envisage the introduction of conditional access
7
on 6 March 2008 representatives of the DoC stressed that the draft
the
specifications did not provide include CA in the STB. However
documents provided to e.tv prior to this workshop clearly envisage the
introduction of CA and the draft specification requires components which are
documents are:
only necessary to support CA. The relevant statements in the
2.2.1
"It is specified to be capable of supporting both Interactive Services
using MHEG at launch and Conditional Access at a later stage."
(emphasis added) (second bullet point on page four of the powerpoint
document entitled "DTI SIB specifications 4 March 2008" ('the
powerpoint document")).
2.2.2 "It
therefore
contains
a
secure
loader,
secure
bootstrap
and
"cardless" CA capabilIty at inception." (third bullet point on page
four of the powerpoint document).
2.2.3
liSmaticard interface optional — main functions will be addressabilitY,
control, which can be
licence •fee collection and geographic
cardless CA
implemented through a combination of MHEG/Sl and a
solution". (emphasis added) (second bullet point on page 14 of the
powerpoint document).
adoption of a software
2.2.4 "The decoder specification allows for the
(Page 4 of
based conditional access system .. .' (emphasis added).
document titled "SIB specification explanation").
the migration of existing
2.3 In South Africa, digital migration primarily concerns
services — SABC1, 2 and 3 and e.tv — to
analogue free-to-air television
unsuited to freedigital. Conditional access is a pay-TV concept and is wholly
a free-to-air terrestrial
to-air television. Introducing mandatory CA into
free-to-air television
environment fundamentally changes the nature of
free-to-air
broadcasting — in essence, it removes the control over access to
8
television from the viewer/citizen to the broadcaster transmission provider or
a third party.
viewer has any control
2.4 In the analogue environment, no person other than the
to free-to-air television services — all the viewer
over the viewer's access
acquisition of this
requires is a television set and, if necessary, an aerial. The
receiving equipment is entirely the viewer's responsibility and s/he exercises
to freefull control over the equipment and consequently over her/his access
the viewer's control over
to-air television. Inclusion of CA in the STB removes
hands of another
her/his access to free-to-air television and places it in the
party — the party which will
the SIB.
environment where CA has
2.5e.tv is not aware of any other free-to-air television
é.tv further
been introduced to manage access to free-to-air television.
has used or
understands that no other country embarking on digital migration
the
STB. e.tv submits that
intends to include CA in the basic free-to-air
STB raises critical
envisaged inclusion of CA in the basic free-to-air
of which
economic, financial and competition issues, none
constitutional
determining the draft
appear to have been considered in the process of
arguments set out in
specifications. e.tv further submits that the sketchy
do not justify the disproportionate
favour of CA in the basic free-to-air SIB
will have on the free-to-air
impact which the inclusion of CA in this SIB
and
there are less intrusive
television environment. Indeed, as set out below,
of the security measures which
less expensive means for achieving many
have been raised as apparent industry concerns.
why CA is being proposed as a
2.6 In addition, in many instances, it is not clear
that certain decisions have
solution for a basic free-to-air STB and it appears
which e.tv has not had sight of.
been based on proposals from the SABC
9
the basic free-to-air STB
3. Arguments relating to the necessity of CA in
provided to it concerning the
3.1 e.tv submits that the documents that have beau
sufficient justification why
draft specifications for the basic SIB do not provide
box includes CA or must be CA-ready. Nor does it
it is necessary that the
of alternative measures to CA
appear that there has been any consideration
documents. e.tv submits
to achieve the objectives which are alluded to in the
given:
that the consideration of alternatives is critical
3.1.1
the complexities and expense which the inclusion of CA
SIB adds to the entire digital migration process;
in the basic
economic and competition issues which it raises,
3.1.2 the constitutional,
potentially highly
which have not been addressed and which are
advertising for
prejudicial to free-to-air broadcasters relying solely on
such as e.tv; and
income (and with no public or state subsidy),
3.1.3
the use of CA in a free-to-air environment
is
highly unusual and
untested in comparable jurisdictions.
free-to-air STB
the inclusion of CA in a
3.2 Despite the fact that the necessity for
attempted to address some of the
has not been properly motivated, e.tv has
made at
various discussions including comments
concerns expressed to it
the SABS 1C74 meeting
3.2.1 The need to prevent "grey imports"
.1
Firstly, it is
not clear what is meant by the term "grey
is to stop
imports"; It is also not clear whether the intention here
meet a basic standard. At
"any imports" or just those which do not
the DoC representative
the SABS TC74 meeting on 12 March,
10
had been
stated that the reason that the long-form specification
kept secret was that there was a concern that foreign companies
Africa.
would begin to manufacture STBs for import into South
e,tv submits that
3.2.1.2
it is
contrary to South Africa's trade
to block
obligations to design a specification in such a manner as
goods.
imported goods from competing with locally manufactured
standard would not
The SABS committee confirmed that a SABS
manufactured — the
exclude an STB on the basis of where it was
required SABS
committee stated that provided an SIB met the
was
it would qualify for SABS approval whether it
standard
manufactured within or outside the country.
If the intention of the set top box
3.2.1.3
manufacturers is to use CA
effectively shuts out foreign
to create a closed system which
e.tv
imports (whether or not they comply with the standard),
breach of South African
submits that this would be unlawful and in
complications
trade agreements. It would also cause unnecessary
are
integrated digital TV sets
down the line, particularly when
this is a matter for
introduced into the market. e.tv submits that
cannot be addressed by
considered policy formulation and that it
mandatory CA in the
creating a closed market through introducing
that, from a policy point of
basic free-to-air STB. e.tv further submits
would be the
view, a lawful and more constructive approach
production of STBs
Incentivizing of local manufacturers in the
attempted blocking of imports. In addition, e.tv
rather than the
local set top box
requests the DoC to investigate whether the
the capacity to produce 10 million
manufacturing industry
in 2008.
boxes within the space of three years starting
would not meet the
If the concern is that the imported goods
products), then this can be
SABS specifications (i.e. inferior
3.2.1.4
11
addressed through means other than creating a closed system with
a CA-controlled box. The following lawful measures could be
considered:
3.2.1.4.1 Make the standard mandatory and provide for conformance
testing. Both SABS and ICASA can provide this facility;
that
3.2.1.4.2 There are secure technical solutions that can ensure
non-compliant
Imports are
unable
to
provide
the full
functionality of a locally developed and certified STB (e.g.
restricting access to the EPG application the extended
programme information, and 7 day programme schedules).
(BoM) and
This will not add cost to the STB bill of materials
would require a minimal development overhead.
(which
3.2.1.4.3 consumer education and awareness campaign
broadcasters could support with airtime):
3.2.1.4.3.1
To promote South African STBs; and,
3.2.1.4.3.2
To warn consumers, of the dangers of buying grey
products.
In
addition
broadcasters would be required only to
advertise STBs with a Digital Dzonga or.ICASA approved
logo — in the same manner as employed by Freeview and
Digital UK in the United Kingdom.
discount vouchers,
3.2.1.4.4 consumer incentives at retail level (i.e.
etc.).
12
state-subsidised STB
3.2.2 The need to prevent the export of a
3.2.2.1
subsidy would
Firstly, there is no clarity on how the proposed
granted to the manufacturer
work — whether the subsidy would be
would receive a direOt
or retailer or whether individual viewers
submits that it is essential
subsidy and how they would do so. e.tv
implementing measures which
to select the subsidy system prior to
prevent the export of subsidized
may or may not be necessary to
where no direct STB
STBs. For example, in an environment
blocking this opportunity
subsidy is provided, it is not clear whether
of increasing
in agreement with the other governmental
is
exports to other African countries.
3.2.2.2
solutions (which do
In any event, there are secure technical
South African free-to-air STB
not require CA) that would ensure any
broadcast network would not
that had been exported into another
result in the STB not tuning
operate as specified. This could either
only providing basic
to any transmission (i.e. blank screen), or
schedule information).
zapper features (e.g. no EPG or
decoders
3.2.3 Ability to turn off
3.2.3.1
reasonable policy basis for
e.tv submits that there is no
STB in order to enable the
including CA in the basic free-to-air
free-to-air television. The
switching off of an individual's access to
switch off the STB in case
reference to the necessity to be able to
there is
justify the inclusion of CA in the STB —
of theft do not
sets in the case of
currently no means of switching off television
is a far more expensive piece of
theft even though the television set
is useless. In any
equipment and without a television set the box
event,
this
would
require
a
box management
system
for
13
approximately 10 million households by 2011 — the costs of such a
management system far outweigh any benefit which may be gained
by inhibiting theft. It is also questionable whether integrated digital
television sets would be subject to the same forms of control.
3.2.3.2
addition
In
by
access
any measure which allows control over the
individuals
to
free-to-air television
fundamentally
DTT
changes the nature of FTA television. In successful free-to-air
responsibility models around the world, the box is the consumers
network, broadcaster
it is not the responsibility of the transmission
network or other third party is
or any third party. A model where the
TV model and not a free-to-air
responsible for the box is a pay
model.
3.2.4 Stop the download of unauthorized software
It
3.2.4.1
provides in a
is unclear what advantages this capability
free-to-air environment.
3.2.4.2
STB against
a subsidised environment securing the
level of
unauthorised code installation is critical. However, the
In
economic cost of
protection should be commensurate with the
levelling of the
mass-market piracy. At a subsidy level of <$5 (i.e. a
local and far eastern manufacturers),
cost differences between
and the physical
jimple protection methods such as signing
subsystems,
protection of the code in the hardware of the memory
market piracy.
would provide a significant economic barrier to mass
has been in
These methods provide a level of protection that
free-to-air and payoperation in the United Kingdom market in both
issues. The
TV networks for 10 years without significant piracy
manufacturing cost of this method is minimal.
14
3,24.3
In the UK Freeview market some manufacturers implement a
external data
simple challenge/response password protection on an
interface.
3.2.5
Licence fee collection and addressable messaging
CA to be included in
3.2.5.1 The SABC has previously stated that it wants
controlling access to
the basic free-to-air STB as a means of
have paid their
television by viewers on the basis of whether they
STB specification
licence fees. The documents concerning the
which may be
specifically refer to 'control over access to services
simply turning off the
in the form of reminder messages and not
This certainly
decoder" (page 4 of STB Specification Explanation).
free-to-air STB is a means
envisages that including CA in the basic
(where the viewer alone
of removing control from the viewer
free-to-air service)
determines whether or not s/he has access to a
and vesting it in the SABC or a third party
critical constitutional issues in that it
3,2,5.2 e.tv submits that this raises
of viewers to freedom of expression. In the
infringes on the right
can
current environment no person, and certainly no broadcaster,
free-to-air television
the access by an individual viewer to
control
in the
inclusion of
services. In the DTT environment, with the
the free-to-air services
basic free-to-air STB, the viewer's access to
third party.
will be controlled by the broadcaster or a
3.2.5.3
CA in the basic
The SABC has also argued the necessity of
messaging". Again, it
free-to-air STB on the basis of "addressable
meant by "addressable messaging", what the
is not clear what is
there has beert- any
SABC seeks tc achieve by it and whether
to achieve
consideration of less intrusive and less costly measures
be possible to using other
the same objectives. For example, it may
15
personal messaging products (e.g. mobile SMS) to achieve the
same goals.
It may also be the case that in a significant number of cases
3.2.5.4
a free-to-air SIB may be passed to multiple viewers across
its
lifespan. As a result the original link between subscriber
purchaser and CA account holder) and the entitled viewer could be
incorrect.
Moreover, the co-operation of pay-TV operators will be
3.2.5.5
required to providing a consistent experience in pay-TV and free-to-
the SABC sends screen
messages or switches off a licence defaulter who views his
air
environments.
For example
if
address or
services on a basic free-to-air STB, how will the SABC
services on a
switch off a licence defaulter who views his free-to-air
likely to be. in
DSTV decoder? Given that the DSTV viewer is more
this would result in an
a position to afford his/her licence fee,
inequitable situation.
3.2.5.6
(as
If the SABC's intention is to provide broadcast messages
simple
opposed to individual addressable messaging) there are
through
non-CA dependant technical solutions to achieve this goal
the use of interactive applications.
3.2.5.7
In any event, the necessity of any of these services
is
with the
unclear giyen the government's stated intention to do away
SABC licence fee.
3.2.6 CA not required for e-governnient
referred to can be
The e-government objectives which the DoC has
basic free-toaddressed through applications in the middleware of the
16
air STB. CA or a CA-re'aady STB is unnecessary to enable egovernment.
4. Arguments against the inclusion of CA in the STB
arguments in favour of
4,1 e.tv has set out above the reason why the apparent
now sets
STB..
CA do not justify the inclusion of CA in the basic free-to-air
legal, economic and competition factors which militate
out the technical
against the inclusion of CA in the basic STB:
4.1.1 The cost of including CA in the basic free-to-air STB
4.1.1.1
elements
Both the CA itself, as well as the various security
proposed to be inserted
(necessary only to support CA) which are
basic free-to-air SIB.
into the STB from the outset, add costs to the
Africans rely on
This is unjustifiable In a situation where most South
most
free-to-air television for their information needs and where
the basic free-to-air
cannot afford the STB. Each additional cost to
STB makes the STB more unaffordable for low-income
therefore inhibits their access to free-to-air television.
4.1.1.2
viewers and
basicSTB means that,
In addition, the inclusion of CA in the
vendor for every box,
in addition to the royalties payable to the CA
the SIB both
there will be significant ongoing costs in managing
perspective.
from a security and a subscriber/viewer management
into one
The cost of turning the free-to-air television environment
cost. These are
which is controlled through CA is not a once-off
pay-TV operators who
ongoing costs which are ordinarily carried by
the free-to-air
cover such costs from their subscribers. In
carry these
environment, free-to-air broadcasters will need to
stream.
ongoing operational costs without any additional income
17
4.1.1.3
Ihefollowing components necessary for CA add costs to the
basic free-to-air STB in circumstances where CA is unnecessary for
the
viewers to receive free-to-air television. e.tv has requested
not been
costing on these components from the DoC but they have
made available:
4.1.1.3.1 Costs which CA adds to the box:
ready (CA
Cost of CA and security elements to make SIB CA
drivers, secure bootloader, secure download):
o
Secure processor core;
o
Smart card interface;
CA vendor
o CA driver development and integration per
o CA supplier compliancy testing per CA vendor
US$4.20
Cost of above (BoM) amortised over 100k volume;
(SAR33) per SiB.
•
<$1 and $5
Additional cost for per box CA royalty costs between
depending on the level of content security required.
per SIB,
4.1.1.3.2 Costs which CA adds at source
Set up costs:
•
•
Cost of integrating CA at the head end;
Set up costs for subscriber/viewer
management systems (scalable to 8 to 10
million households);
•
Set-up costs for customer call centre (scalable
to 8 to 10 million households);
18
Set up costs for trusted
•
3Fd
party (secure
environment).
Annual costs:
Annual cost of Trusted Third Party (secure
•
management and control of software download
processes)
Annual
cost
of
code
bandwidth allocation and
(multiplex
scheduling on per
updates
box' basis)
•
Annual operating costs for subscriber/viewer
management systems (scalable to 8 to 10
million households);
•
•
-
Annual operating costs for customer call centre
(scalable to 8 to 10 million households);
Cost of replacing 8 to 10 million, boxes in the
event of a security breach on cardless CA.
the
It is evident that in the drafting of the STB
4.1.1.4
STB or making the STB
financial implications of including CA in the
considered. At a briefing in Parliament's
CA-ready were not
March 2008, the
Portfolio committee on Communications on 7
would be required to
National Treasury stated that broadcasters
through the tariffs payable to
finance the digital migration process
concprned that the
Sentech for signal distribution. e.tv is deeply
unnecessary inclusion
addition of extensiVe operating costs by the
passed to broadcasters.
of CA in the basic free-to-air STB will be
entirely dependent on
As a free-to-air broadcaster which is
to public or state
advertising revenue and which has no access
the future of its
funding e.tv is concerned at the implications on
basic free-to-air
business of the unnecessary inclusion of CA in the
STB.
4
4.
19
4.1.2 Technical difficulties with cardless CA
GA
The draft short-form specifications propose a cardiess
4.1.2.1
solution for the basic free-to-air STB.
e.tv is unaware of any other encrypted broadcast platform
4.1.2.2
paywith no return path, using a cardless CA system (free-to-air or
-
consideration is being given to an
TV). e.tv is concerned that
where:
untested and untried CA system in an environment
4.1.2.2.1 DTT is launching in less than eight months time;
illumination timeframe
4.1.2.2.2 south Africa has set the shortest dual
in the world; and,
4.1.2.2.3 There is
4.1.2.3
regarding subsidies for dual illumination.
the CA
With cardless CA, the economic risk of a hack to
involves STB replacement
system has a higher impact, as recovery
This means that if the
as opposed to a normal card replacement.
been rolled out to the
system is hacked after the STB5 have
households, each of these
existing eight million South African TV
system CA
STBs will have to be replaced. In a card-based
providers usually
expect a card replacement
operation. A secure processor
is
aff.Qr
—5yrs
in
predicted to strengthen the
CA creates the
protection of the CA system; however cardless
irrespective of the probability
potential for high commercial impact,
of the decision
of occurrence. e.tv submits that the consequences
adequately considered in
to implement cardless CA has not been
the process of drafting the STB specifications.
4.1.2.4
would
Moreover, it is unlikely that any existing CA vendor
CA system (for future
merely accept the security of the cardless
20
preferred CA provider
implementation). As there is presently
significant costs and time delays will be incurred by the set top box
potential CA
manufacturers if the SIB has to be qualified against all
all potential CA providers
providers. If it is not qualified against
provider will
there is a considerable possibility that no existing CA
CA in the cardless CA system. This would
be willing to risk its
render
the
entire
process
of
producing
a
CA-ready
box
meaningless and wasteful.
4.1.2.5
Party has not been
The responsibility of the Trusted Third
this body will be
clearly defined although it is expected that
mechanism. As such,
responsible for the security of the download
by each of the
the entity will itself need to be qualified as secure
secure environments,
potential CA vendors (which may require
if it is not qualified by all
and well as servers and networks). Again
possibility that no
potential CA providers there is a considerable
its CA in the cardless CA
existing CA provider will be willing to risk
consequences as set out In paragraph
system with the same
4.1.2.4 (above).
4.1.3 Secure software download
4.1.3.1
download mbchanism
A mandatory requirement for a secure
development cycle (hence
creates additional complexity in the STB
delivering free-to-air
cost), which Is unnecessary for the purpose of
content S part of the digital migration process.
ongoing
4.1.3.2
By its very nature, a free-to-air service has no
broadcasting.
commitment to the viewer other than to continue
download service would be a
Hence the only beneficiary of a
of a deployed
manufacturer wanting to increase the reliability
respond to consumer choice
product. Over time manufacturers will
21
for
by implementing and using a download service if it is necessary
incorporate this in
their own products. It is therefore unnecessary to
the basic free-to-air STB.
4.1.3.3
Security within the download is only required if there is a
revenue stream or cost associated with the entity being protected.
deployed is capable
In the defined free-to-air platform, the STB as
and as a result there
of supporting the free-to-air business models
deployed STB. In
is no need for a broadcaster to update the
little
addition the very low cost of the STB platform provides
the cost of
the professional pirate to entertain
incentive for
(assuming
repurposing the STB through an unauthorised download
the cost of repurposing the
any subsidisation of the cost is less than
pirate
STB). There are limited if any additional capabilities that a
could enable through modifying deployed software.
4.1.3.4
the
the UK Freeview service, it is not mandated in
manufacturers support
baseline Freeview specification STB. and
In
methods to implement
various mechanisms with a range of security
software download.
4.1.3.5
costly exercise.
Ultimately downloading code live is a
for extended
Bandwidth needs to be reserved on a multiplexer
periods1. Using a forced download, 80% success can be
weeks.
in 2 or 3 days, 99% coverage can take >2
4.1.3.6
achieved
is unlikely a
In operiting a consumer Opt-in download, it
all the STBs in the
manufacturer would ever be able to update
installed base.
mins, +5kb/s on all muxes. Sentech as transmission
IFor code size4MB, cycle times — 120
capacity based on request from every person with SIB
operator must also consider scheduling of
in field.
22
4.1.4. The secure processor
requirement for a
The strength of the STB security provided by the
and download
secure processor (embodied by the secure boot,
considering the
functionality) could be seen as excessive
In the
commercial value of free-to-air content, and the STB itself.
(exci. the HD PVR) a
UK, in both Freeview, and pay-N networks
requirement. In addition it
secure processor is not a mandatory STB
increase the price
is unclear whether the core silicon providers will
to
recover
the
additional
costs
involved
in
managing
and
configuring the silicon for an individual CA provider.
4.1.5 The SIB as an interim measure
4,1.5.1
The purpose of the basic free-to-air DTT box is to enable
signal. It
analogue television sets to receive and display the digital
interim or bridging measure to ensure ongoing
is intended as an
the introduction of
reception of free-to-air television signals pending
pending the viewer's
integrated digital television sets (idTVs) and
is not clear how such
ability to afford such a digital TV set. It
CA was mandated in
television sets would work in the event that
that all such television
the basic free-to-air STB as it would require
CA-enabled. The cost of producing such television
sets also be
(as they would have to be
sets solely for the South African market
which results from
configured specifically for the closed market
mandatory CA), would be
free-to-air boxes incorporating
prohibitive.
4.1.5.2
-
DVB Common
If CA is mandated, idTV's will require a
made compatible
Interface slot (or equivalent add-on) in order to be
currently retailing in the
with the DTT services. These modules are
23
UK for
(R450). This would constitute
a
significant and
unnecessary expense for the South African viewer in order merely
to receive free-to-air television services.
4.1.6
CompetItion difficulties with mandatory CA
Including mandatory CA In the basic free-to-air STB or
4.1,6.1
mandating a CA-ready basic free-to-air STB ultimately provides an
automatic market of 8 million + households for pay-TV operators in
circumstances where they would otherwise not have such access.
In effect, if a subsidy is involved, government would be subsidising
one industry player ahead of others.
As the CA would be in all STBs, this would effectively result
4.1.6.2
in South Africa adopting a CA standard using a particular CA and
excluding all others, to the benefit of the company which owns the
CA system. Given the likelihood that the basic free-to-air STB will
be
subsidised
through
public
funding,
this
raises
serious
competition issues — in effect the government would be subsidising
the profits of a single CA provider in circumstances where CA is
unnecessary for the purposes of digital migration.
4.2e.tv further submits that the inclusien of CA-necessary components in the
basic free-to-air STB 'in case of' the introduction of CA at a later stage — and
unnecessary
thus avoid addressing these issues now — would constitute an
development and
and wasteful exercise. There is nothing preventing the
of
manufacture of more technologically advanced boxes during the course.
to acquire
digital migration and giving interested consumers the opportunity
such STBs.
24
5. Conclusion
5.1 e.tv's position on the basic free-to-air STB for OTT is based on
the following
principles:
5.1.1
Allowing the consumer the greatest possible choice. This is based on
box
the principle that the consumer is being compelled to purchase a
to continue to watch free-to-air television.
5.1.2
Ensuring that the box is as low-cost as possible to ensure that as many
people as possible can afford it. This is based on the fact that most
need to be
South Africans simply cannot afford to buy a box and will
subsidised in one way or another.
to high subsidy costs. Once again, the
5.1.3 Limiting government's exposure
cheapest possible box will achieve this purpose as in this case more
the subsidy will
people will be able to purchase the STB and the cost of
be lower.
and upgrades) the
5.1.4 Making the STB (including repairs, maintenance
normal
responsibility of the consumer as would be the case with a
to allow
television set. The box is merely a bridging mechanism
analogue television sets to receive a digital signal — when digital
longer be
television sets are available on a large scale, the box will no
required. The notion of such a basic box is in line with international
experience including the United Kingdom.
free-to-air STB runs contrary to
5.2 In this context, the inclusion of CA in the basic
principles. It is unnecessary for digital migration, it
all of the
adds costs to the STB,
it
adds extensive costs to broadcasters and
transmission operators by requiring enormous (for 8 to 10 million households)
(in the absence of
subscriber/viewer management systems and call centres
25
additional revenue streams), it inhibits consumer choice and increases the
subsidy cost to government.
5.3e.tv submits that, given the tight timeframes for digital migration and the short
period of dual illumination, South Africa should adopt tried and tested
United
approaches in successful digital migration markets such as the
Kingdom. This includes making the basic free-to-air STB simple and
affordable so that there is a minimal delay in the production and take-up of
DTT STBs.
5.4e.tv thanks the DoC for the opportunity to make these submissions and would
commitment to a fast-tracked and successful South
like to reiterate its firm
African digital migration process.
civ
17 March 2008
II
SABC
Vuka Sizwe!
16 May 2008
Themba Phiri
Department of Communications
Private Bag X860
Pretoria
0001
Dear Themba
STB CONTROL
As you are aware, there has in recent months been intense debate about the possibility
of including conditional access in the minimum specifications for the DII Set-Top Box.
The SABC has been one of the proponents of the argument that the basic STB should
be capable of having some form of conditional access, It has been our view that this
need not be a conditional access system along the lines of the traditional, costly
systems used for pay-TV but that some form of hybrid solution using only a softwarebased solution may suffice.
This continues to be our view.
While we acknowledge the fact that there has been vociferous opposition to conditional
access by other broadcasters, we are of the view that stakeholders are speaking at
cross-purposes on this issue.
We therefore wish to make a proposal on how this matter might be resolved in the
Broadcasting Digital Migration Policy and final SIB specification. In essence, we
believe that there is general agreement on many of the core issues related to
conditional access. We believe that reformulating the issue as one of STB control and
making clear that there is no intention to limit viewers' access to free-to-air television,
should help ensure the support of different stakeholders and enable the Department to
move forward on this mailer.
1. Importance of STB control
There are various public-interest reasons why some form of control of the SIB is
important. It should be noted that this SIB control can be achieved through certain
hardware specifications, security requirements and the inclusion of STB control
South African Broadcasting corporation Limited Registration Number: 2003/023915/06
Ms christine Ounta (Deputy chairperson),
Ms Kanyisiwe Mkonza (chairperson),
Non-Executive Directors
Prof. Ailson
Ms Fadiia Lagadien, Ms Gloria Serobe, Ms Nadia Bulbutia, Adv Pansy Tiakula, Mr A Mbeki, Mr Peter vundla,
Mr Desmond CoWing, Mr Ashwin Trikamjee, Mr Bheki Khumaio
Executive Directors: Adv. Dali Mpofu (Group Chief Executive Officer), Ms chariotte Manipane (Acting) Chief Operating Officer)
Mr Robin Nicholson (chiol Financial officer)
company Secretary (Acting) Ntando Simelane
Oiiiiwaid,
software. The encryption of services is not required. This would therefore not be a
conditional access system in the traditional sense of the term.
We believe the public-interest reasons for STB control should have the support of all
stakeholders. These public-interest reasons are:
To prevent subsidisod STBs leaving SA
•
There is a real risk that STBs could be shipped out of South Africa and used in
other territories. This has happened in other jurisdictions. If the South African
STBs are subsidized, this would effectively mean that government funds would
be wasted. This should obviously be avoided and can be prevented by
configuring the STB so that it is able to validate authenticated network
messages and parameters and only operates in their presence.
•
For the method to remain secure in the long term the use of asymmetric
cryptography is essential. In this way discovery of keys held in the STBs would
not allow hackers to generate legitimate messages. It must not be possible to
change these keys within the STB, or at least the cost must be greater than
manufacturing a new STB, However, it may not be necessary for these keys to
be kept secret for the system to remain secure, as there is no requirement to
encrypt broadcast services using secret keys. Ideally the keys and the unique
address would be programmed into the chipset at the time of chipset
manufacture. Alternative but less secure means might allow for the information
to be programmed during STB manufacture, It is not possible to programme this
unique data at a later stage, since the means to target any message carrying
unique data is dependent on the address and means of validation being present
in the STB.
To be able to turn off stolen STBs
•
The value of stolen STBs can be minimized by ensuring that particular STBs, if
reported stolen, can be disabled. It is therefore necessary for the STB to be able
to process messages that turn the STB on and off. As above, the STB must be
able to validate the authenticity of these messages. In addition, as it can never
be certain that the STB will receive a switch-off message, the system should
require that the STB receives periodic addressed switch-on messages. The
effective duration of these messages should be variable and may in typical
operation be set to be around 1 — 3 months, An efficient means of addressing
is also required and the address of the STB must be stored in a secure way
(along with the key data mentioned above), otherwise this might be modified and
messages destined for one STB might be processed by another. The STB
address will best be stored within the STB chipset but it might be possible to
achieve sufficient security if the address is stored within the secure boot sector
of the memory referred to below.
To secure software download capability
•
The STBs will require software download capability and it is important that this is
done securely, in order to prevent illegal software being loaded into the STB
which might be used to circumvent the mechanisms described above. A secure
loader can be implemented in many ways: the most important features are the
validation of the software, again requiring the use of asymmetric cryptography,
and a requirement that the loader software cannot be modified. Furthermore, the
loader must be designed to be efficient and operating in the presence of errors,
so for example the design should not require that the whole image is resent in
the case of a few errors. The operation of a secure loader requires a secure boot
process, which is described below. As the loader is an essential component of
the STB and required for reliable operation it must not be possible to corrupt the
loader software. Accordingly, the loader software should be stored in such a way
that it cannot be modified by the application software.
•
All of the above requirements could be circumvented if the STB can be made to
start up using alternative software. Most STB chipsets incorporate hardware that
allows for the boot-up (start-up) software to be validated before any software is
run in the STB. The use of these chipsets requires data to be stored at the time
of STB manufacture. Software based validation methods are not as secure as
the chip set based methods and are not recommended for high volume
production.
To target messages to STBs and groups of STBs
•
It is one of government's expectations that DTT could be used for the delivery of
e-government messages. It is also the SABC's strong belief that DTT should
allow for messaging so that TV licence fee reminders can be sent. The SABC
expects that this will result in substantially improved licence fee collections. This
would require the inclusion of a unique address in the STB. The application
software may later be changed or may make use of group addresses that are
programmed using the unique address. For example, one group might be
customers with subsidized STBs and another might be customers in a given
region. As the unique address is the same as that required for the functions
described above, this requirement has no impact on the STB manufacturing
process. However, application software to make use of this address will be
required and ideally the system will make use of the MHEG application
environment to enable a wide range of interesting and useful messages to be
displayed.
It should be apparent that no encryption of services is required to meet any of these
four public-service objectives
In the light of these requirements for STB control, the SABC makes the following
specific recommendations:
4
3
Recommendations
1. The policy should specifically state that there will be no encryption of free-to-air
services on the DTT platform. In our view this should go a long way to assuage
the fears of other broadcasters on the matter of conditional access.
2.
In light of this, it is the SABC's further recommendation that any references to
"Conditional Access" in the STB specification should be changed to "STB
control".
3.
Finally, the STB specification should include the following requirements
•
a secure bootstrap loader,
•
unique serial number (SA DTT ID), and keys
•
secure download function
•
secure hardware layout
It should be noted that if there is no encryption of services, the ability to restrict the
entrance of non-conformant STBs into the South African market will be weakened.
However, the use of other mechanisms such as strong regulation, a well-organised
conformance regime and import tariffs can act to protect the domestic market, although
these are not easily achieved. In our view, the risks associated with the conformance
issues are mitigated by the advantages secured by getting the agreement of all
stakeholders on the matter of STB control.
The SABC thanks you for the opportunity to share our views on this important matter.
We are available for future discussions on this matter.
Yours sincerely
—
I
Yusut Nabee
DTT PROJECT LEADER
A
a
SABC F
VukaSizwe!
LIMITED
SOUTH AFRICAN BROADCASTING CORPORATION
DETAILS OF THIS
TENDERERS ARE REQUIRED TO TREAT THE
PROPOSAL AS CONFIDENTIAL
REQUEST FOR PROPOSAL (RFP) - S0E108104
RFP TITLE: SET- TOP BOX (5Th) CONTROL SOFTWARE
CONTENTS
WHEN TENDERING
DOCUMENT A: CONDITIONS TO BE OBSERVED
PROPOSAL
DOCUMENT B: GENERAL CONDITIONS OF THE
DOCUMENT C: QUESTIONNAIRE
DOCUMENT D: DECLARATION OF INTEREST
BROADCASTING EQUIPMENT
DOCUMENT E: GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR
DOCUMENT F: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
DOCUMENT G: NOTICE TO TENDERERS
INFORMATION
DOCUMENT H: SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION AND
DOCUMENT I: BROAD BASED BLACK ECONOMIC
EMPOWERMENT (BBBEE)
SUPPLIERNENDOR REGISTRATION FORML
DOCUMENT J: VENDOR FORM (SABC
(ATTACHED SEPARATELYJ
RFP Number: SGE/08/04
RFP Title: STB Control Software
Mandatory Documents
AC
frkL)
P
Vuka Sizwe!
TENDER TITLE: SET-TOP BOX (STB) CONTROL SOFTWARE
EXPECTED TIMEFRAME
rTENDER_PROCESS
EXPECTED DATES
U:.:.
.24JUfle2008
July2008
and for
to change the timeframe whenever necessary
The Corporation retains the right
whatever reason it deems fit.
MANDATORY DOCUMENTS
1) Valid Tax Clearance Certificate
Directors) (If Applicable)
2) Valid TV Licence (Cothpany'S and all
3) BBBEE Certificate (If Applicable)
(Document D)
4) signed Declaration of Interest Form
5) signed Tender Form (Document E)
Statements
6) Last Three Years Audited Financial
Confidential and Proprietary Information
Page
2
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Tender Document
RFP Number: SGE/08/04
RFP Title: STB Control Software
Document A: Conditions To Be Observed When Tendering
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DOCUMENT A
CONDITIONS TO BE OBSERVED WHEN TENDERING
1.0
LODGING OF PROPOSALS
1.1
1.2
Form and initial all
Tenderers are required to complete and sign the Tender
pages (including brochures).
original, one (1) copy of the
Tenders must be submitted in triplicate, one (1)
be enclosed in a seated
original and 1 (one) electronic copy (CD) by hand and
This
envelope must not bear
envelope marked distinctly with the tender number.
Tenders
must be lodged in the
the name of or any reference to the Tenderer.
Tender Box, Main Entrance, Radio
South African Broadcasting
Johannesburg, by not later than
Park Office Block, Henley Road, Auckland Park,
Tenders not received by the specified
12-noon on the closing date as specified.
will be liable to
time and date as set out on front page of the Tender Enquiry,
rejection.
also be accepted but the South African
Please note that electronic submission will
tenders to SABC Tender Office.
based suppliers are encouraged to submit their
1.3
2.0
documents sold, irrespective of whether a
No refund will be made for tender
tender is submitted or awarded or not.
COMPLIANCE WITH GENERAL CONDITIONS OF PROPOSAL
2.1
the General Conditions of Contract shall
No alteration, amendment or variation of
Should the Tenderer desire in
be permitted unless otherwise agreed in writing.
amendments
to the General Conditions of
case of non-compliance to make any
in
which
case and where possible
Contract, he shall stipulate his tender clearly
tenders. The
cost involved by such
also stating any increase or decrease in
Corporation reserves the right to reject such a tender.
3.0
COMPLIANCE WITH TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
3.1
in accordance with stipulated
All Tenderers are required to submit tenders
Failure to comply with the
technical specification as indicated on this tender.
disqualification.
required technical specification will result in
Confidential and Proprietary Information
Page
3
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Tender Document \)
RFP Number: SGE/08104
A
RFP Title: STB Control Software
Document A: Conditions To Be Obsewed When Tendering
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SCHEDULE OF QUANTITIES
4.0
4.1
Quantities indicating
Tenderers are required to submit a detailed Schedule of
This schedule shall contain itemised
how the tender amount is composed.
descriptions, quantities and unit prices.
5.0
TENDER PRICES
5.1
amended after receipt and
No change in the submitted tender prices shall be
before award of a contract.
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5,6
5.7
outside the Republic of South Africa,
In the case of equipment manufactured
of the country of
prices must be quoted "free on board" (f.o.b.) in the currency
price in Rand stating exchange
origin, and if possible, in US dollars, or a fixed
included.
Value Added Tax should
rate used, with clarification of import charges
be transparent.
be a separate item. Any hedging calculations must
the Republic of South Africa, prices
In the case of equipment manufactured in
separate item.
are to be quoted in Rand with VAT as a
the Republic of South Africa and
In case of equipment partially manufactured in
into its relevant proportions
partially elsewhere, the total price must be broken up
and quoted as above in 5.2.
preferred. consequently Tenderers
Fixed tender prices and delivery periods are periods will remain fixed or flexible
shall clearly state whether prices and delivery
for the duration of the contract.
is a
Tender prices for supplies in respect of which
specified.
delivered on site as
requirement, shall include ALL costs on a basis of
include packing. If desired, packing
Tender prices shall, where necessary, provided the amount of credit that will
material may be returned to the Tenderer
forwarded railage to pay, is shown against
be allowed for the returnable packing,
each item concerned.
6.0
SOURCE OF SERVICE AND MATERIAL
6.1
6.2
or completely designed and/or
In the case of equipmentlgoods which are partiallyTenderers
shall state the local
manufactured in the Republic of South Africa,
content percentage.
shall be submitted.
Documentation certifying the local content percentage
Confidential and Proprietary In formation
Page 4
of 48
Tender Document
RFP Number: SGE/08/04
RFP Title: STB Control Software
Document A: Conditions To Be ObseNed When Tendering
A
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ACCEPTANCE OF PROPOSALS
7.0
Economic Empowerment
The Corporation applies a policy of Broad Based Black
programmes, practices and business
(BBBEE) in all its employment,
relationships.
7.1
consideration during the tender
Information submitted will be taken into
Association of Black
adjudication process The BBBEE certificate from an
submitted.
Verification Agencies (ABVA) affiliated Agency should be
7.2
7.3
7.4
the lowest or any tender nor shall
The Corporation does not bind itself to accept
tosses which may be incurred by the
it be responsible for or pay any expenses or
The Corporation reserves
Tenderer in the preparation and delivery of his tender,
tenders
for any one or more of
the right to accept a separate tender or separate
the right to
the sections of a specification. The corporation also reserves
withdraw the tender at any stage.
accepted unless and until a formal
No tender shalt be deemed to have been
contract / letter of intent is prepared and executed.
it necessary, to monitor every
The Corporation reserves the right, should it deem
stage of the contract to ensure:
in control of the
that the directors who were awarded the tender are
of the
—
company and/or that changes in directors
contract adversely;
does not affect delivery
company
that, if there are changes in the control of the
brought to the attention of the Corporation
—
—
these should be
thereof is to be subcontracted
that in the event that the tender or any part
the tender was awarded, the
to another company or organisation after
Corporation and the Corporation
Tenderer must immediately advise the
shall approve as it deems fit.
termination of the contract
successful delivery of the contract, or timeous
the Corporation.
should such action be in the best interest of
the Corporation for a period of 120
Tenders shall remain open for acceptance by
Enquiry.
days from the closing date of the Tender
—
7.5
7.6
8.0
Audit the successful
Tenderer's contract from time to time
DEFAULT BY TENDERERS
8.1
tender(s) within the period for which they
If Tenderers purport to withdraw their
remain open for acceptance, or fails to enter
have agreed that their tender shall
do so, or fails to accept an order in
into a written contract when called upon to without prejudice to any other legal
terms of the tender, the Corporation may,
Confidential and
In formation
Page 5
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Tender Document
RFP Number: SGE108104
A
RFP Title: STB Control Software
Document A: Conditions To Be Obsen.'ed When Tendering
#4
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remedy which it may have, accept their tender(s) notwithstanding the purported
call for
withdrawal or proceed to accept any other less favourable tender or
additional
tenders afresh and may recover from the defaulting Tenderers any
expense to which it has been put by reason of the calling for new tenders or the
acceptance of any less favourable tender.
9.0
AMPLIFICATION OF PROPOSALS
9.1
Tenderer to
The Corporation may1 after the opening of tenders; call on the
and such
not
clear
in
the
Tenderer's
tender
amplify in writing any matter which is
amplification shall form part of the original tender.
9.2
9.3
within the
In the event of the Tenderers failing to supply such information
specified timeframe, the tender will be liable to rejection.
The Corporation reserves the right to:
9.3.1
9.3.2
9.3.3
9.3.4
93.5
9.3.6
this tender
not evaluate and award tenders that do not comply strictly with
document.
and
make a selection solely on the information received in the tenders
Tenderer(s)
enter into negotiations with any one or more of preferred
based on the criteria specified in the evaluation of this tender.
clarify any
contact any Tenderer during the evaluation process, in order to
evaluation
information, without Informing any other Tenderers. During the
shall be sought offered
process no change in the content of the tender
or permitted.
award a contract to one or more Tenderer(s).
accept any tender in part or full at its own discretion.
cancel this tender or any part thereof at any time.
will be chosen on
Should Tenderer(s) be selected for further negotiations, they
not
necessarily
on the
the basis of the greatest benefit to the Corporation and
basis of the lowest costs.
10.0
IMPORT/EXPORT PERMITS
10.1
11.0
equipment and/or
Tenderers are required to include complete information on
components requiring export/import permits.
COST OF BIDDING
associated with preparation and
The Tenderer shall bear all costs and expenses
11.1
circumstances be
submission of its tender, and the Corporation shall under no
without
limitation the
responsible or liable for any such costs, regardless of,
selection
process.
conduct or outcome of the bidding1 evaluation, and
Confidential and
In formation
Page
6
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Tender Document
RFP Number: 50E108104
AP
RIP Title: STB Control Software
Document A: Conditions To Be Obse,ved When Tendering
12.0
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QUERIES FROM TENDERERS
12.1
12.2
12.3
questions or queries that
The SAOG has provided a single point of entry for any
and directed to
the Tenderer may have. All queries must be submitted in writing
communication
with any
Mr Mpumelelo Chiliza - Tender Office. Unauthorised
to
this
tender
is
other personnel or member of staff, of the SABC with regard
respective
strongly discouraged and will result in disqualification of the
Tenderer's tender submission.
and SABO;
Should there be a difference of interpretation between the Tenderer
SABC reserves the right to make a final ruling on such interpretation.
days before the deadline
The closing time for clarification of queries is 3 (three)
be sent to all Tenderers,
for tender submission. The question and response will
All
Tenderers will receive a
please bear this in mind when asking the question.
with the answers.
copy of all the questions received together
Authorised contact's details are as follows:
13.0
BRIEFING SESSION
NIA
END OF DOCUMENT A
Confidential and Proprietw Information
Page
7
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Tender Document
RFP Number: SGEIO8/04
RFP Title: STB Control Software
Document B: General Conditions Of Tender
A
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DOCUMENT B
GENERAL CONDITIONS OF PROPOSAL
1.0
COMPLIANCE WITH COMPLETION OF PROPOSAL
1.1
redrafted but photocopies may be
The tender forms should not be retyped or
prepared and used.
1.2
1.3
1.4
2.0
photocopied signatures or other such reproduction of
of mechanical devices, for example
Should tender forms not be filled in by means
fill in tenders.
typewriters, ink, preferably black, must be used to
and satisfy themselves that
Tenderers shall check the numbers of the pages
shall be accepted in regard to claims
none are missing or duplicated. No liability
duplicated. Incomplete tenders
arising from the fact that pages are missing or
will result in disqualification.
COMPLIANCE WITH TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
3.0
that is in ink - forms with
Tender forms must be signed in the original; signature will be rejected.
the Tenderer at the time of tendering, the
Unless a departure is clearly stated by
the Technical Specifications and
works shall be taken as complying in detail with
the terms and conditions of the contract
the Tenderer shall be held liable on all
departures. Technical specifications contained in
as if this tender contained no
submitted shall apply for acceptance test
any brochures or any other descriptions
purposes.
specifications form an integral part of the
Where items are specified In detail, the
in the space provided whether the
tender document and Tenderers shall indicate
items are to specification or not.
offered are strictly to specification,
In respect of the paragraphs where the items
Tenderers shall insert the words "as specified".
the
to specification, the deviations from
In cases where the items are not
specifications shall be indicated.
WARRANTY
5.1
failure of goods to meet the specifications
If there are any defects arising from
the Tenderer shall replace the
within the period specified in the contract,
refund the Corporation such costs as the
defective items at his expense or shall
item. The Tenderer shall also
Corporation may incur in replacing such defective
items to the place of destination.
bear the cost of transporting replaced/repaired
RFP Number: SGE/08/04
RPP Title: STB Control Software
Document B: General Conditions Of Tender
4.0
P
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INSPECTION
Corporation's representatives
The Teriderer shall permit and assist the
specifications.
6.1
5.0
A
in
carrying out any inspections that are called for in the contract or
PACKAGING
7.1
protected and securely
Goods purchased on this tender must be adequately
Goods
the destination.
packaged during shipment and until delivery at
securely
packaged
purchased on this tender must be adequately protected and
anticipated
during storage at the SABC for a period of six months under
temperature and humidity conditions.
7.2
6.0
description of contents
Goods must be clearly marked with the Tenderer's name
and the Corporation's order number and delivery address.
RISK
8.1
to or loss of goods bought in
The Tenderer shall bear the risk of damage
delivered to SABC Stores in
accordance with this contract until the goods are
Auckland Park.
7.0
DELIVERY
9.1
8.0
TV Stores of SABC Ltd situated in
Delivery will be to the Radio Park Stores and
The contractual
Auckland Park, Johannesburg Republic of South Africa.
be preceded
and
each
delivery
must
delivery date must be strictly complied with
take
place
within the
If delivery does not
or accompanied by delivery note.
notice
contract
without
further
period stipulated, the Corporation may cancel this
to
any
other
course
effect without prejudice
to the Tenderer and with immediate
the
Corporation
to recover any damages out of such delay.
of action available to
not be regarded as acceptance
Receipt of the goods by the Corporation will tested in compliance with the
thereof until the goods have been acceptance
Technical Specifications.
PAYMENT
10.1
will be made by means of a
Payment, in currency other than South African Rand,
telegraphic or wired bank transfer.
The Teriderer must provide:
—
—
—
10.2
9.0
Name and address of their bank.
Company account number to be credited.
Sort/swift code of bank.
30 days from date of statement.
The Corporation's standard payment terms are
ASSIGNMENT OF CONTRACT
RFP Number: SGE/08/04
SABC p
RH' Title: SIB Control Software
Document B: General Conditions Of Tender
11.1
10.0
The Tenderer shall not have the right to cede any right or delegate any obligation
approval of
in terms of this contract to any third party unless with the prior written
the Corporation.
COMMISSION
12.1
11.0
Vuka Sizwel
The Corporation shall not in any way be responsible or liable for payment of the
commission due on this contract in so far as the total contract amount would be
exceeded by any addition of such commission. The payment of commission
Corporation
shall be the exclusive liability of the Tenderer which indemnifies the
hereby against agent's claims for commission of any nature.
PUBLICATIONS
13.1
The Tenderer shall not permit or allow any information regarding the contract
works to be published in any scientific, engineering or other newspaper,
Corporation
periodical or publication without first obtaining the consent of the
thereto.
12.0
LAW APPLICABLE
14.1
13.0
TENDERERS
PROPOSALS ARE CONSIDERED TO BE BINDING ON THE
15.1
14.0
concluded, it shall be
Irrespective of where this contract happens to be finally
entered
into
in
the
Republic
of South Africa
consistently deemed to have been
in
this
connection.
whose law and courts' jurisdiction shall prevail throughout,
in respect of
Representations made in the tender, including claims madethe
Tenderer at
commitments to dates of delivery, shall be considered binding on
noted by the Tenderer in the
the time of contract negotiation, unless specifically
tender;
FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH THESE CONDITIONS
16.1
to comply therewith may
These conditions form part of the tender and failure
invalidate a tender.
END OF DOCUMENT B
Confidential and Proprietary Information
10 ci 48
tihder Document
C
RFP Number: SGE/08/04
RFP Title: STB Control Software
Document C: Questionnaire To Be Completed When Tendering
DOCUMENT C
QUESTIONNAIRE TO BE COMPLETED WHEN TENDERING
item cannot be inserted in the space provided
if the information required in respect of each
sheet of paper with a suitable reference to
additional information may be provided on a separate
the questionnaire number concerned.
1.
What is the tender number?
2.
What is!are the item tendering for?
(Please List]
3,
Are you registered in terms of section
23(1) or 23(3) of the Value-added Tax
Act, 1991 (Act 89 of 1991)?
so,
state
your VAT registration
4.
If
5.
full
Are the prices quoted fixed for the
period of contract?
6.
7,
original current tax
number
clearance certificate to be submitted
and
in the
is the delivery period stated
tender firm?
What is the address in the Republic of
South Africa where an Item of the type
inspected
conditions?
preferably under working
(Where Applicable)
offered
by you
may
be
South Africa for this
in the Republic of
particular item? (If required).
rea re the stockheld?
items offered?
Where are these facilities available?
factorleslsupPliers where, the
supplies will be manufactured and may
be inspected, If re9uired?
the
Confidential and Proprietary Information
Page
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48
Tender Document
RFP Number: SGEIO8/04
RFP Title: SIB Control Software
Document C: Questionnaire To Be Completed When Tendering
13,
Turnover (R): Kindly indicate your
company's annual turnover for the past
three years? (Rands)
Please provide Financial Statements or
Audited Letter
14.
Has your company been accredited for
BBBEE?
Please provide a BEE certificate from
ABVA affiliated agency
* ALSO INDICATE WHICHEVER IS NOT APPLICABLE
END OF DOCUMENT C
Confidential and Proprietary In formation
Page 12 of
48
REP Number: SGE/08/04
REP Title: 5Th Control Software
P
Document 0: Declaration Of Interest
Vuka Sizwe!
DOCUMENT D
DECLARATION OF INTEREST
SABC, may make an offer or
Any legal or natural person, excluding any permanent employee of
favouritisni, should the
offers in terms of this tender invitation. In view of possible allegations of
resulting tender, or part thereof be awarded to(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
consultant or service
any person employed by the SABC in the capacity of Tenderer
provider; or
any person who acts on behalf of SABC; or
employed by, or
any person having kinship, including a blood relationship, with a person
who acts on behalf of SABC; or
contemplated in paragraph
any legal person which is in any way connected to any person
(a), (b) or (c),
it is required that
his/her position vis-a-vls SABC
The Tenderer or his/her authorised representative shall declare
interest,
where
it
is
known
that
any such relationship exists
and/or take an oath declaring his/her
employed
by
SABC
in
any
capacity.
between the Tenderer and a person
Does such a relationship exists? [YES/NO]
please add additional pages
If YES, state particulars of all such relationships (if necessary,
containing the required information):
[2]
NAME
POSITION
OFIFICE WHERE EMPLOYED
TELEPHONE NUMBER
RELATIONSHIP
2.
3.
.
.
.
certificate may be interpreted to mean
Failure on the part of a Tenderer to fill In and/or sign this
exists.
that an association as stipulated in paragraph 1, supra,
with an association as stipulated in
In the event of a contract being awarded to a Tenderer
false information was provided in
paragraph 1, supra, and it subsequently becomes known that
to
any
other
remedy it may have:
response to the above question, SABC may, in addition damages incurred or sustained by SABC
recover from the Tenderer all costs, losses or
as a result of the award of the contract; and/or
suffer by having to make
cancel the contract and claim any damages, which SABC may
less favourable arrangements after such cancellation.
SIGNATURE OF DECLARANT
DATE
TENDER NUMBER
POSITION OF DECLARANT
Confidential and Proprietary Information
NAME OF COMPANY OR TENDERER
Page
13 of
48
Tender Document
AFP Number: S0E108104
RFP Title: S TB Control Software
Document E: General SpecificatiOnS
DOCUMENT E
EQUIPMENT
GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR BROADCASTING
INTRODUCTION
1.0
and general performance requirements
This specification establishes the documentation
the Corporation. Specific performance
for equipment and systems to be used by
Document F.
requirements for this tender request are detailed in
and
this document must be duly completed
The schedule of compliance at the end of
signed.
standard equipment and software wherever
is the Intent of the Corporation to utilize
not all manufacturers' equipment and software
possible. Further, it is recognized that
Therefore, tenders will be considered which are in
provides identical design features.
provided that the tender explicitly indicates
minor variance with these specifications,
these variations.
It
2.0
TELEVISION TRANSMISSION STANDARDS
South Africa,
(PAL-I) which is used in the Republic of
Television
Standard
System
The analogue
of Television Standards for 625 Line
is detailed in the publication: "Specification
1976).
South Africa". (Revised edition February
I Transmission In the Republic of
standards
the DVB suite of standards and other
solution
will
conform
to
For DTT the
shall be MPEG4 AVC (H.264) Broadcast
indicated under 3.0 below. The video standard
Definition @ L4. Audio standard will be AAC
quality Standard Definition © L3 and High
and HE MC for effiticient use of bit rate.
3.0
APPLICABLE STANDARDS
DVB suite of standards.
ISO/IEC 1318-1, ISO/IEC 1318-2, ISO/IEC 1318-3
EN 300 468, EN 300 292
TRIOI 211
TS 101 154
ITU-R BT1119-2, ITU-R.775
4.0
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
Confidential and Proprietary Information
Page 14
of 48
Tender Document
RFP Number: SGE/08/04
RIP Title: STD Control Software
Document E: Genera! Specifications
shall comply with the
All items of electronic equipment if proposed by tenderers,
following:
4.1
Power Input
equipment tendered shall meet the
The power input shall be 220V 50Hz. The
changes plus minus 10% and
performance specification when the input voltage
the frequency by plus minus 4%.
4.2
operating Conditions
4.2.1
4.2.2
the reference
Unless otherwise specified in this tender document,
rated temperature and
ambient temperature will be 23°C and the
equipment specifications are
humidity ranges of use, within which the
valid must be:
—
TEMPERATURE +5°C TO +40°C
—
HUMIDITY 20% to 60% without condensation.
temperature and humidity limits
The Tenderer must also indicate the equipment is possible. A clear
within which satisfactory operation of the
conditions must, however,
distinction between the two sets of operating
be made.
4.3
connectors
generally accepted, professional broadcast
All connectors shall comply with
standards.
type fitted with retaining clips.
Power connectors shall be of the IEC 1OA
and XLR must be supplied with the
All mating connectors other than BNC
equipment.
specified in Document E, shall be mounted at
All connectors unless otherwise
clearly identified as to their function.
the rear of the equipment and shall be
Confidential and Proprietary Information
page 15 of 48
Tender Document
RFP Number: SGEIO8/04
RFP Title: STB Control Software
Document E: General Specifications
4.4
Earthing
connector.
All metal work shall be connected to mains earth on the mains
connectors
Internal audio earth (0 Volts) shall be connected to pin 1 on all XLR
and bridged to mains earth.
4.5
Impedances
Unless otherwise specified in the tender document, all equipment impedances
shall be:
AES/EBU infout
:
Analogue Audio Input
Analogue Audio Output
Video
Pulse
4,6
:
:
:
:
Balanced 110 ohms (nominal)
unbalanced 75 ohms
Balanced, 10K ohms minimum
Balanced, Less than 150 ohms
75 ohms (nominal)
75 ohms (nominal)
Operating Levels
the normal operating levels of
Unless otherwise specified in the tender document
equipment shall be:
Audio Output
Audio Input:
0 dBu nominal (0 dRu = 0,775V R.M.S.
Max. Headroom:
+ 6 dBu peak
+ 20 dBu
= -4W)
Gain:
Freq. Response:
Dynamic Range:
Signal to Noise:
Total Harmonic:
Distortion:
Digital Audio
AES/EBU — IEC 958
Max Headroom:
Test Level:
> 80dB
0.1% (-4dB at I kHz)
200 mV to 10 V p-p
+18 dBFS
-18 (IEC 60268-18)
I V p-p composite
2 V p-p
Video
Pulse
Confidential and Proprietary In formation
Adjustable to + 20 dB
20 Hz —20 kHz ± 0,5 dB
> 80 dB, 20 Hz — 20 kHz
Page 16
of 48
a
Tender Document
RFP Number: SGE/08/04
RFP Title: STB Control Software
Document E: General Specifications
TV Production Standards
4.7
MPEG4 1-1.264 and DVB
All standard definition equipment shall comply with
studio encoding parameters
suite of standards, ITU-R BT6OI-5 which describes
16:9 aspect ratios.
of digital television for standard 4:3 and wide-screen
4.8
Current Corporate Software Environment
architecture solutions. Tenderers shall
The SABC strives for open data
third party integration and open solutions.
demonstrate their approach to
Operating Systems
Linux Redhat
Microsoft Windows
Enterprise Software
SAP R3
Database Software
Oracle 9i
Oracle 100
SQL
4.9
software Maintenance
sold outright or licensed.
Tenderers shall indicate whether software is
license costs shall be quoted.
All licensing costs, inclusive of third party
options shall be fully specified and priced.
All software support and maintenance
4.10
special Equipment Maintenance Facilities
for the cost of any specialized items
The Tenderer shall provide a list and quote
required to maintain the equipment.
assemblies or units which form part of
The Tenderer shall specify whether any
and/or
equipment as a whole1 require special repair
the equipment or the
Details of service facilities available
alignment facilities not normally available.
be given.
for these units and assemblies must
4.11
Extender Boards
maintenance or alignment shall be
Extender Boards required for equipment
specify the type and quantity
supplied as part of the equipment. Tenderer to
offered.
4.12
Rack Mounting Equipment
Confidential and Proprietary In formation
Page 17
of 48
Tender Document
RFP Number: SGEIOB/04
RFP Title: STB Control Softwaro
Document E: General Specifications
Unless otherwise specified in Document E, all equipment shall be rack
mountable in standard 482,6mm (19 inch) racks and shall be in multiples of
44,5mm (1,75 inches) high.
4.13
Colour and Finish
The colour and finish of all items shall be specified in the tender.
5.0
SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS
5.1
system Design Information
Clause 7: submittal
The Tenderer shall deliver no later than the date specified in
to complete
Requirements, all necessary information to allow the Corporation
the
equipment
to be
system designs and wiring diagrams, in order to incorporate
supplied into associated equipment and systems.
not be limited to the
The information supplied shall, where applicable include, but
following:
—
Weight of each unit and sub-system offered.
alone or desk top
External mechanical dimensions of control panels, stand rack space to be
enable
control
desk
floor
and
units, and rack equipment to
allocated
—
—
—
—
5.2
mounted into control
Accurate mounting details for all panels designed to be
and
fixing information
desks. These must include cut out hole sizes, recess
depth and cable entry clearance requirements, etc.
Mating connector types,
"pin
outs'
and recommended cables for
all
interconnecting and system cables not supplied with the equipment.
be removed from each
The maximum distance that units of a system may
panels and central
between
remote
control
other e.g. maximum distance
electronic chassis.
Air flow and cooling requirements.
Quality Assurance Provisions
5.2.1
Quality Control
effective quality standards
The Contractor shall provide adequate and
All
this specification.
while manufacturing the equipment as per
proper use of
equipment shall be verified for correct identification,
following:materials, finishes and records, in accordance with the
—
Identification
Confidential and Proprietaflf Information
Page 18
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Tender Document
RFP Number: SGE/08/04
RFP Title: STB Control Software
Document E: General Specifications
A positive means for signifying identification of the end item
equipment and each major portion of sub-equipment functioning
Such identification shall
as a separate entity shall be established
description
along
with Contractor's part,
include the nomenclature
displayed.
type or model number permanently and prominently
be
Accountability by serial numbers or reference designators shall
used.
—
Records
Complete manufacturing and test documentation essential to
This data shall
productive effort shall be released and maintained.
representatives of the
be available for review at any time by
Corporation
5,2.2
Reliability and Maintainability
best professional broadcast
The equipment supplied shall be of the and shall be designed and
It shall have good reliability
quality.
constructed for ease of maintenance.
demonstration and shall be
These requirements may be subject to
quality of materials and
considered in the design approach relative to
equipment shall be
workmanship required. Discrepant materials and remedial action. An
comprehensively analyzed to determine the need for
the discrepancies
effective follow-up shall be administered to ensure that
are corrected at the earliest possible date.
5.3
Test Activity
5.3.1
Test Plan Submittal
later than that specified in
The Contractor shall submit, at a date not
of a recommended
paragraph 7: submittal Requirements two (2) copies
by
the
Corporation.
acceptance test plan for review and approval
53.2
Test Plan Content
comprehensive and include detailed
The acceptance test plan shall be
sheets. A list of all required test
test procedures and test data recording
shall be included.
equipment and necessary equipment set-up diagrams
demonstrate
satisfactorily
The test plan shalt ensure that the testing shall
functional
the
with
compliance
system equipment and software
this
specification.
mechanical, electrical and electronic requirements of
5,3,3
Acceptance Testing
conducted using the
Performance specification measurements shalt be
approved
by
the Corporation.
procedures as specified in 5.3.1 above as
5.3.4
witnessing of Tests
Confidential and Proprietary Information
Page 19
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Tender Document
RIP Number: SGE/08!04
RH' Title: STB Control Software
Document E: Genera! Specifications
The Corporation reserves the right to witness any or all tests conducted in
accordance with the approved acceptance test plan (refer clause 5.3.2) at
given to the
the Contractor's facility. Notice of such testing shall be
Corporation at least twenty (20) days prior to actual test performance
stating the anticipated time necessary to conduct such acceptance.
5.3.5
Test Data Sheets
requirements
All equipment and software purchased to this specification's
recorded.
shall be completely tested and test data shall be accurately
procedures
shall
Tolerances and limits corresponding to those of the test
be designated on the data sheets. One legible copy shall accompany
reproducible (photocopy).
each equipment shipment. The copy shall be
Electronic copies of test data shall be provided to the nominated SABC
representative on completion of tests.
5.3.6
Factory Test Equipment
used at the
Calibrated standard or special test equipment shall be
acceptance test
Contractor's facility to perform the tests comprised in the
configure
equipment for
plan. Any test cables and adaptors used to
factory acceptance shall be provided by the Contractor.
5.3.7
Certificate of Compliance
shipment of equipment,
A certificate of compliance shall accompany each
specification.
the
requirements
of
this
certifying full conformity to
Confidential and Proprietary Information
Page
20 of
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Tender Document
RIP Number: 50E108/04
RFP Title: STB Control Software
Documo iii E: General Specifications
5.4
Spare Parts
5.4.1
specified in Clause 7:
The Contractor shall at a date not later than that
parts
recommended to
Submittal Requirements, submit a list of spare
failure.
ensure prompt equipment repair in event of
5.4.2
5.4.3
5,4.4
5.4.5
5.4.6
and expendable
At the same time, a comprehensive list of spares
equipment operation
maintenance items necessary to ensure satisfactory
list shall include the component
for two (2) years shall be submitted. The
type/model number.
manufacturer's name part description and complete
of
any
item or group of
Unit prices shall be established to allow purchase
items.
Mechanical and Electrical items shall be listed separately.
to the extent of the spares
The Contractor shall give an indication asthe equipment offered.
holdings in the Republic of South Africa for
both
delivery times for spare parts
The Contractor shall state estimatedCorporation
items
and
for
emergency
for the normal spares holding of the
equipment failure.
which may be required in the event of
Contractor shall be readily identifiable
Any spare parts kits offered by the
re-ordering, if
reference number in order to permit
by means of a
required, at some future date.
5.4.7
a complete listing of the
Spare parts kits must be accompanied by marked
so as to allow easy
contents. All parts contained therein shall be
identification by non- technical personnel.
5.4.8
ordered, either of the same or
In the case of more than one kit being packed and clearly marked with
differing types, each shall be separately
and the Corporation's order
the equipment type, kit reference number
number.
the Contract shall be delivered
Any spare parts kits ordered as a result of supplied by the Contractor.
complete according to the contents listing
Delivery of incomplete kits is not acceptable.
offered must be available on CD or PC
5.4.10 All parts lists for the equipment
compatible format.
5.4.9
Confidential and Proprietary In formation
Page
21 of
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Tender Document
RFP Number: SGE/08/04
RIP Title: STB Control Software
Document E: General Specifications
5.5
Maintenance Instruction Handbooks
the English
The Contractor shall deliver equipment and system handbooks in
installation, operation
language in sufficient depth to allow for proper
but not be
maintenance and repair of the equipment. Handbooks shall include,
limited to the following:
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
General description.
Theory of operation.
Operating procedure.
Maintenance instructions.
Schematic, logic and wiring diagrams.
breakdown).
Parts list and locations (preferably with exploded view
Test equipment.
Pictorial views (locations
replaceable parts),
of
all
controls,
connectors,
indicators
and
good commercial
The maintenance instruction handbooks shall be prepared to
standards in the English language.
for broadcasting
The Tenderer should indicate whether equipment handbooks
EBU code of practice
equipment have been designed in conformity with the
HANDBOOKS FOR
3239-E
'THE
DESIGN
OF
described in document TECH
BROADCASTING EQUIPMENT.
5.6
System Integration and Turnkey Solutions
5.6,1
Design Review
Corporation a complete
The contractor/Integrator shall submit to the specified in clause 7:
later
than
that
design package at a date no
of, but not be
Submittal Requirements. This design package shall consist
flows
and
proposed
limited to, equipment list, design concept, signal
workflows.
and after discussion with
The design will be reviewed by the Corporation
The Corporation review
the Contractor a final concept will be approved.
receipt of the design
will be completed within three (3) weeks after
shall
be
necessary for the
After the design approval it
package.
for any deviations
Contractor to obtain approval from the Corporation
for further detail.
from the approved design. Please refer to document E
5.6.2
Drawings and Documentation
Drawings and documentation shall include:
—
technical panels
Detailed mechanical designs of technical furniture,
and equipment required for manufacture.
Confidential and Proprietary Information
Page 22
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Tender Document
RPP Number: 5GE108104
RFP Title: STB Control Software
Document E: General Specifications
cable route
All relevant floor plans, rack and equipment layouts and
—
drawings.
For each facility/area as appropriate:
—
Digital and analogue audio flows
Video flows
Talkback System Flows
Control flows
Pulse flows
Power and earthing flows
Computer network drawings
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Patch bay, connector panel and terminal block drawings.
—
Cable and connector termination sheets.
—
blocks.
Labelling for all cabling patch bays and terminal
—
Labelling of all equipment, racks and facilities,
location and serial
— A detailed inventory of each facility, complete with
numbers.
and item of
Operational and technical handbooks for each system
equipment being supplied by the Integrator.
—
—
5.6.3
provide a number of
Following final acceptance the Integrator will
changes and to
copies of the documentation, updated to contain finalsystem installed.
reflect accurately the delivered equipment and
agreed). In
presented in loose leaf binders (exact number to be
shall
be supplied
addition to hard copies of the information drawings
format and complying with SABC
on computer disks in AutoCAD
Wiring schedules will be supplied on a
drawing conventions.
Microsoft compatible spreadsheet.
Installation
installation of all equipment,
The Systems Integrator shall carry out the
detailed
in
this document, It shall be
technical furniture and systems as
Integrator
to
manufacture
any remote panels1
required of the Systems
connector panels and mounting equipment.
interface frames etc., and
All types of hardware used for plugs, sockets
with the SABC before
choice of cabling to be used shall be agreed
installation commences.
for the following:
The Systems Integrator shall be responsible
Confidential and
Information
Page 23
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Tender Document
APP Number: SGE/08/04
APP Title: STB Control Software
Document E: General Specifications
Supply and administration of the installation team to carry out this
work and ensure adherence to any Safety and Health regulations.
(SABC reserves the right to request use of its own installation team,
—
subject to workload).
—
Supply of all cabling, connectors and installation materials.
—
The supply of all tools and installation equipment.
—
5.6.4
the installation
The security of all equipment and materials during
SABC
period or until such facilities are accepted as complete by the
or its appointee.
Mechanical Installation
5.6.4.1 Layout
Rack layouts will be decided and agreed with the nominated
consideration to
SABC representative prior to installation with due
equipment
operational aspects, ventilation (allowing 1 RU between
items
located
heat) and air flow (deeper
known to generate
towards the bottom of the rack).
5.6.4.2 Supports
supports will be fitted
Where practical and appropriate equipment
the risk of accidents during equipment
to the bays to reduce
removal.
56.4.3 Equipment Fixings
chrome finish
Equipment will be fixed in bays and desks using
washers.
Posidrive screws, plain washers and black plastic cup
5.6.4.4 Bay Fixings
bays fixed to
Normally a wooden plinth shall be provided for the
Desks are normally
the floor. The bays will be fixed directly to this.
left free-standing.
5.6.5
Technical Wiring
5.6.5.1 General Standard
engineering practice
In general the contractor shall follow good
and standards for wiring and installations.
5.6.5.2 Looming
racks, desks and
All cables will be loomed to cable trays in lacing twine shall
quality plastic tie wraps or
monitor stands. High
CQnfidontlal and Proprietary Information
Page 24
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Tender Document
APP Number SGE/08104
RFP Title: STB Control Software
Document E: General Specifications
be used and cut using an appropriate tool to ensure no sharp
edges remain.
5.6.5.3 Cable Separation
wiring
Wherever practical video, audio, data, control and power
looms will be kept separate.
5.6.5.4 Maintenance
equipment and
All cables shall be left long enough such that
jackfields can be withdrawn forward for maintenance purposes.
5,6.5.5 cable Numbers
end by a cable
All cables will be uniquely identified at each
to the
number and/or a letter, which will allow
used will be the
wiring schedules and drawings. Cable numbers
around labels
plastic coloured type or computer generated wrap
e.g. Brady Laser Tab Markers.
Allocation of numbers shall
commencement of the project.
be
agreed
upon
before
5.6.5,6 Cable Identification
be regularly removed for
Where equipment is likely to
describing where it
maintenance, etc., cables will be given a label
created using the "Brady
is plugged in. These labels will be
the number described
Marker System" and will be in addition to
above.
5.6.5.7 Jackfield Normalling
jackfield normalling is
Generally, unless specifically requested,
jackfield
rather
than
on the interface frame.
done on the rear of the
the hot
Analogue audio jackfields are usually half normalled, i.e.
hot
and
cold of
and cold of the upper row outers are wired to the
jacks
are
bussed
and
the lower row inners. The sleeves of the
rack
earthing
connected by a single earth wire per row to the
point.
jackfields,
through
Microphone circuits are not usually taken
normalled, hot and cold of
required,
they
will
be
however, if this is
the lower row Inners This
the upper row inners to hot and cold of
paralleled. The jack
prevents the microphone circuits being
but not connected
sleeves are also normalled from the upper row
to earth.
the same way as
Balanced digital audio circuits are normalled in
Unbalanced
digital audio
specified above for microphone circuits,
Confidential and
in formation
Page
25 of
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Tender Document
RFP Number: SGE/O8/04
RFP Title: STB Control Software
Document E: General Specifications
patchi9elds and shall
circuits shall be routed through co-axial video
be normalled in the same way as for video circuits.
5,6.6
on-Site Working
5.6.6.1 Safety
shall be expected
The Systems integrator and its sub-contractors
specifications.
to fully comply with the local safety
within the confines of the
All work on site shall be executed
SAFETY ACT — ACT NO. 85
"OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND
FOR OCCUPATIONAL
OF 1993, THE COMPENSATION
OF 1993" as well
INJURIES AND DISEASES ACT — ACT NO. 130
Requirements
and all statutory
as the SABC Safety and Security
laws and by-laws applicable to the installation.
5.6.6.2 Cleaning and Waste Disposal
working area is kept
The Systems Integrator will ensure that their
what
facilities
are available
clean and tidy. The SABC shall advise
for waste disposal.
5.6.6.3 working Hours
normal working
On-site working hours shall be agreed however,
7am and 7pm. Weekends
hours shall be deemed to be between
shall be worked if deemed necessary
5.6.6.4 Security Passes
list of all on-site staff on
The Systems Integrator shall provide a
may be issued.
request so that any appropriate security passes
all times.
These passes shall be visibly worn at
Confidential and ProprietarY In formation
Page 26
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RFP Number: SGE/O8/04
RFP Title: STB Control Software
Document E: General Specifications
6.0
TRAINING, INSTALLATION AND COMMISSIONING SUPPORT
6.1
Training
instruction
The Contractor will be required to provide, in Johannesburg, technical
equipment
operation
and
maintenance
of
the
of an agreed standard in the set-up,
covered by this specification.
The Corporation will provide lecture room accommodation and the necessary
Contractor must provide
access to the equipment and specified facilities, but the
their staff, All lecture
all travel, transport, accommodation and subsistence formaterial other than the
notes, diagrams, manuals, etc., and other instructional
be provided by the
technical literature normally supplied with the equipment, shall
Contractor.
6.2
Installation Support
Johannesburg, the services of
The Contractor may also be required to provide in
installation, set-up and check-out of the
a skilled field engineer to assist in the
support shall be quoted
equipment covered by this specification. Prices for such
as follows:
6.3
Commissioning Support
Johannesburg, the services of a
The Contractor may be required to provide, in
of the equipment covered by
field service engineer to assist in the commissioning
this contract.
Confidential and
In formation
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RFP Title: STB Control Software
Document F: General SpecificationS
7.0
SUBMITTAL REQUIREMENTS
Refer Clause
System Design
Information
2 Sets
Within 30 days after order.
5.1
5.3.1
Test Plan Submittal
2 Copies
Within 30 days after order.
5.3.5
Test Data Sheets
2 Copy
Within each item of equipment.
5.3.7
Certificate of
Compliance
I Copy
With equipment delivery.
Spare Pads Usts
2 Copies
Within 30 days after order.
5.4.1
5.4.2
2 Year Maintenance
Items List
2 Copies
Within 30 days after order.
5.5
Maintenance
Instruction
Handbooks
2 Sets
On receipt of order.
2 Sets
With each piece of equipment delivered.
5.6.1
Design Review
Within 30 days after order
N
Confidential and proprlotaq In formation
Page 28 of 48
Tender Document
RFP Number: SGE/O8/04
RFP Title: 5Th Control Software
Document E: General Specifications
EQUIPMENT
GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR BROADCASTING
CERTIFICATE OF COMPLIANCE
Confidential and Proprietary In formation
Page 29 of 4 a
________________________
RFP Number: SGE/08104
RPP Title: STB Contro! Software
Document E: General
CLAUSE COMPLY:
S
REMARKS
YES!NO
SIGNATURE OF CONTRACTOR
END OF DOCUMENTf
Confidential and proprietary in formation
Page 30 of 48
Tender Document
RFP Number: SGE/08!04
RFP Title: STR Control Software
Document F: Technical Specifications
DOCUMENT F
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR:
SET-TOP BOX (STB) CONTROL SOFTWARE
I
Introduction
whereby the South African Broadcasting
This document is an official request for proposal
STE control software system for the
Corporation (SABC) will appoint a Vendor to supply a
launch will happen in the 2nd quarter of
forthcoming DTT launch. It is envisaged that the market
November 2008. Vendors should advise their
2009 and that this will be preceded by a pilot in
ability to meet the above deadlines.
Terrestrial Television ('OTT') services SABC is taking a
In preparation for the launch of Digital
preparations for an efficient and effective launch.
for
leading role in assisting the authorities with the
platform are that, apart from releasing spectrum
initially
The Government's objectives for the DTT
The
OTT
STB5
will
to the whole population.
other services it should bring new services deployment they may be subsidised. Major events
be sold through retail outlets. Later in their
Government's focus, thus being able to
such as the FIFA soccer World Cup are part of the
is considered important.
present and promote these events in innovative ways
be a primary objective may be subsidised,
Achieving a low-cost design is also considered to
of services
has to be considered together with the value
however the total cost of operation also
that can be supported.
demonstrating that their proposed approach and
Vendors are required to respond to this RFP
for the
methodologies are a probable fit to SABC's requirements.
given by management or staff of SABC is solely
their
complete
and
submit
All information contained in this RFP or
information with which to
purpose of providing Vendors with relevant
proposals.
confidentiality of the information
to respect the
expected that
Recipients of this document will be expected
obtained in the course of business It is
contained therein or any other information
and
associates
are aware
that their employees
Vendors will take all reasonable steps to ensure
of the need for confidentiality.
2 BACKGROUND
2.1.1 Business
which is
South Africa, with a public service mandate
public
broadcaster
in
The SABC is the
SABC is licensed to operate three
defined In the country's Broadcasting Act. Currently,
eighteen radio stations.
terrestrial free-to-air television channels and SABC enjoys a mixed funding model 18% of
Unlike some public broadcasters elsewhere,
and close to 80% from commercial revenues. The
which emanates from the TV licence fee
balance is made up from government grants.
"Broadcasting for Total Citizen Empowerment." This
The SABC mission is summarized as:
mission Is to be:
• people-centered
•
Content-driven
• Technologically-enabled
•
•
A sustainable public service broadcaster
Confidential and
in formation
Page 31 of 48
Tender Document
RFP Number: SGE/08104
RFP Title: STB Control Software
Document F: Technical Specifications
and branding can be found at
Further information about the SABC, its services
Other relevant broadcasters
3
involved in the migration from analogue television to
Other terrestrial television broadcasters
'etv' and pay-terrestrial player M-Net (owned by
DTT include the free-to-air commercial player pay-TV platform DStv), New pay-Services may
similar to
MIH, which also controls the dominant satellite
though primarily this is a free-to-air environment
be launched by any of the operators,
the world.
that of many other IDTT platforms around
Further information on MIH can be found at:
While more information on etv can be located at:
possible Multiplex Allocation
4
DTT
responding to
finalised, However, for the purposes of
allocations
are
not
yet
The DTT multiplex
broadcasting
this brief the following should be assumed:
which will be dedicated to public service
multiplexes,
one
of
Two national
(PSB), the other to commercial services
will be on the PSB multiplex
All of the SABC's public servicestime-shared
•
channels on each multiplex.
services
There are expected to be many
•
Dli over the next 2 to 3 years. Regional
additional
services
on
It is unclear at
SABC expects to have
the DTT platform within the first three years.
multiplex
or if some
are expected to be introduced on
services will be available on the PBS
this stage as to whether all of these
commercial multiplex.
services will be made available on the
commercial multiplex.
new services on the
defined. However, it
It is also expected that eTV will launch
regional multiplexes with services to be
In addition there will be one or two
will be allocated to DVB-H,
is possible that these multiplexes
non-DVB-H multiplexes.
Radio services will also be supported on
S
Technical considerations
the whole population1
the STBs have to be accessible to
official
languages.
The DTT network, the services and
South Africa has 11
which Implies support for multiple languages.
than
advanced MPEG-4 suite of standards rather
equivalent
video
services
DTT services will be broadcast using the
there will be at least eight full-time
significantly more services being
MPEG-2, and it is assumed that
time-sharing of channels will result in
will be
However,
per multiplex.
expected to be many radio services. Radio
presented by the EPG. Meanwhile, there are
proposition.
a key element of the DTT
of interactive
will be used to support a wide range
interactive
environment
channel
The MHEG-5
some of which may be allocated their own
service-bound
and
unbound,
services, both
of the limited bandwidth
(e.g. games channels).
chosen to allow for the optimum use
specification
has
been
and the need
The STB
MPEG 4 with advanced audio compression
available. This has led to support for
EPG data.
to support caching of applications and
Confidential and proprietary Information
Page 32
of
48
Tender Document
RFP Number: SGE/08104
RFP Title: STB Control Software
Document F: Technical Specifications
6
OPPORTUNITY OVERVIEW
not limited to:
Envisaged services provided by the selected Vendor may include but are
Management of unique addresses
•
Management of software signing process
•
Specification or validation of secure download process
•
Specification of secure boot process
•
Provision of the STB software defined in this RFP
•
7 STATEMENT OF REQUIREMENTS
SummarY of Requirements
The high level requirements for the STB control software:
Be low-cost
•
Be low-maintenance
•
Efficient addressing means
Provide for a secure software download means
•
Provide for a secure boot
•
Specify an appropriate level of hardware security
•
Approve chip sets against the stated requirements
•
Encryption of services is not required
•
Confidential and Proprietary in formation
Page 33 of 48
a
Tender Document
APP Number: SGE/O8/04
APP Title: 5Th Control Software
Document F: Technical Specifications
Statement of Requirements
Extended Description and Requirements
Top Level Requirement
The solution must be
provided as embedded
software
The solution shall not require the use of a smartcard or any other
external security device
The STB should operate only on the networks carrying the
appropriate and necessary authentication data.
To prevent subsidised STBs
leaving SA
to be
The network authentication should not require secret data
therefore
Asymetric
cryptography
is
held in the STB. The use of
considered as a requirement
not
Discovery or modification of data in one STB should
compromise another STB
stored in one SIB at
It should not be possible to modify the data
a cost that is lower than building a new STB
Extended
and
that turn the STB
The STB should be able to process messages
able
to
validate
the
on and off. As above, the SIB must be
addressing
An
efficient
means
of
authenticity of these messages
is also required
I
will receive a
In addition, as it can never be certain that the SIB
should
require
that
the STB
switch-off message, the system
The
effective
I receives periodic addressed switch-on messages.
Tobe able to turn off stolen duration of these messages should be variable and may in typical
operation be set to be around 1 — 3 months.
The STB shall be manufactured with a unique
easily be modified
address that cannot
Implemented by all
An addressing scheme is required that can be
STB manufacturers
To tar et
Confidential and Proprietary Information
page
34 of 48
Tender Document
RFP Number: SGEfO8IO4
RFP Title: STB Control Software
Document F: Technical S ecifications
It should be possible to target messages at individual STB5 or
STB5 and groups of STBs
groups of STBs and for these messages to trigger the display of
embedded or broadcast MHEG applications
It should be possible to store and modify group addresses or
criteria
other means of allowing STBs to be identified according to
to be decided later
make the
Message addressing for each of the above needs to
best use of the limited bandwidth available
To secure software
download capability
To Secure STB start-up or
"Boot-up'
A low cost solution
appropriate for a free to air
market
that
To allow the software to be modified in a secure manner so
appropriate
only properly approved software signed by the
authorities will be accepted by the STR
STB
To ensure that only the authorised software runs in the
and has to
The solution cannot be funded from Pay TV revenues
be appropriate for the OTT market in South Africa
COSTING BREAKDOWN
set out in
low cost system delivering the specification as
The requirement is for a lightweight
Statement of Requirements above,
account the following options
Pridng options should be provided, taking into
•
•
*
•
•
Licence costs
upfront integration charges
Annual maintenance payments with and without
manufacturer)
manufacturers
(cost
to
Support for new STB
Support for new STB models (cost to manufacturer)
Expected headend hardware costs
Vendors should advise how these cost items may
change in time and by volume.
cost per annum to support the OTT network
Consideration should be given to offering a single
based on the following total STB volumes
0-100,000 STB5
2. 100000 —500,000 STBs
3. 500,000— 1 million STBs
STB5
4. 1 million to 2 million
1.
Con fidential and Proprietary Information
Page 35 of 48
Tender Document
RFP Number: SGE/08/04
RFP Title: STB Control Software
Document F: Technical Specifications
5. Greater than 2 million STBs
9
GENERAL INFORMATION
9.1
contact Persons for Tenderer Queries
Enquiries in respect of this tender should be addressed to:
Mpumelelo Chiliza — Tender Supervisor
Procurement Division
Radio Park Office Block
Henley Road
Auckland Park
Johannesburg
South Africa
E-mail:
Phone: 011 7144938
9,2
Evaluation criteria
Tenderers will be evaluated on the following criteria:
B-BBEE — 20%
Price — 30%
Technical Compliance — 35%
Customer support— 15%
these weightings as may be
The Corporation reserves the right to adjust
applicable.
9.3
Project Schedule
detail with the successful Tenderer but
The project schedule will be discussed in
appropriate solution available for
should take cognisance of the need to have the
the proposed trial/pilot on 1 November 2008.
END OF
Confidential and Proprietary Information
Page 36
of 46
Tender Document
APP Number: SGE/O8/04
A
APP Title: STB Control Software
Document G: Evaluation and Selection Criteria
p
Vuka SlzweI
DOCUMENT G
NOTICE TO TENDERERS
1.0
COLLECTION AND INSPECTION OF PROPOSALS
above-mentioned requirement to SABO, on or
RFP is awaited from invited Tenderers to supply the
Inspected at, and are obtainable from
before the 9 July 2008, 12h00. The Tender documents may be
1.1
Tender Advise Centre:
South African Broadcasting Corporation Limited
Tender Advice Centre (Floor 20)
Radio Park
Cnr Artillery and Henley Road
Auckland Park
Address:
Mpumelelo Chiliza
Contact Person:
Telephone no: (011) 7144749
Email:
2.0
QUERIES
2.1
if
wilt be faxed or emailed to all potential Tenderers,
Any additional information or clarifications
necessary
2.2
to:
Enquiries in respect of this RFP should be addressed
Supervisor
Mpumelelo Chiliza - —Tender
E-mail:
Phone: 0117144947
3.0
3.1
SUBMISSION
SABC Bid Adjudication Committee before the
Final Proposals in triplicate must reach the Secretary
be enclosed in a sealed envelope which must have
closing hour on the date shown below, and must
inscribed on the outside: The Tender number
be accepted but the South African based
Please note that electronic submission will alsoto SABC Tender Office.
suppliers are encouraged to submit their tenders
3.2
Box at Radio Park Building which is located on
The envelope is to be DELIVERED into the Tender should be addressed as follows:
Corner Artillery and Henley Road Main Entrance and
THE TENDER ADVICE CENTRE
SOUTU AFRICAN BROADCASTING CORPORATION
RADIOPARK BUILDING
Confidential and Proprietary Information
Page 37
of 48
Tender Document
RFP Number: SGE/O8/04
RFP Title: STB Control Software
Document G: Evaluation and Selection Criteria
Vuka Sizwel
AUCKLAND PARK
3.3.
Late submissions will be disqualified
12:00 ON THE 9 July 2008
3.3.1. PLEASE NOTE THAT THIS TENDER CLOSES PUNCTUALLY AT
3.4.
not be considered and will be
If responses are not delivered as stipulated herein, such responses will
considered as "UNRESPONSIVE".
3.5
NO E-MAIL OR FACSIMILE RESPONSES WILL BE CONSIDERED
3.6
expiry of the time advertised
The responses to this RFP will be opened as soon as practicable after the
for receiving them.
3.7
pertaining to the tenders I
SABC shall not at the opening of responses, disclose any confidential details
information received to any other company, i.e. pricing, delivery etc.
3.8
other than that shown on the
Envelopes must not contain documents relating to any TENDER
envelope.
3.9
additional conditions must be embodied
No slips are to be attached to the response documents. Any
additions or deletions to the actual
in an accompanying letter. The Tenderer must not make alterations,
TENDER documents.
COMMUNICATION
4.0
should any attempt be made
Tenderers are warned that a response will be liable to disqualificationemployees of SABC in respect
by a Tenderer either directly or Indirectly to canvass any officer(s) or
award of the business.
of a tender between the closing date and the date of the
4.1
4.2
AND TIME direct any enquiries
A Tenderer may, however, BEFORE THE CLOSING DATE
5.0
RFP SCHEDULE
(2.2).
relating to the TENDER to the SABC employee as indicated in
this time, short-listed
Tenderers will be contacted as soon as practicable with a status update. At
Tenderers
to
provide
a list of
Tenderers may be asked to meet with SABC representatives.
negotiate
on
behalf
of
their
company.
persons and their contact details who are mandated to
5.1
INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING THE TENDER
6.0
6.1
each page. ThIs set will serve as the legal
Sign one set of documents, sign and date the bottom of
original document.
and binding copy. The duplicate can be a Photostat copy of the
-
above.
Both sets of documents to be submitted to the address specified
tenders:
The following returnable documents must accompany all
- The supplier's latest audited financial statements;
- The supplier's valid Tax Clearance Certificate.
Confidential and Proprietary in formation
Page 38
of 48
Tender
RFP Number SGE/08/04
RPP Title: 8Th Con trot Software
Document 6: Evaluation and Selection Criteria
A
p
Vuka Sizwel
- TV Licenses (applicable for South African companies)
7.0
COMPLIANCE
and all applicable State and Local
The Tenderer shall be in full and complete compliance with any
laws and regulations.
8.0
8.1
ADDITIONAL NOTES
must be returned with the
All returnable documents as indicated in the tender form
response
8,2
8,3
8.4
8.5
8.8
quoted for the duration of any resulting
Tenderers are to note that tenders in which firm prices are
adjustment.
contract may receive precedence over prices which are subject to
considered after the closing date.
changes by the Tenderer to his/her submission will not be
legally authorized by the Tenderer to do so A
The person or persons signing the tenders must bebehalf must be submitted along with the tender,
list of the person(s) authorized to negotiate on your
service item that SABC will be charged (note: this
All prices must be in Rands and cents. (Price per
for at least a year)).
price should be the lowest possible and preferably be firm
any
undertake post-tender negotiations with the preferred Tenderer or
sABc reserves the right to
number of short-listed Tenderers.
REQUIREMENTS MAY RESULT IN THE
FAILURE TO OBSERVE ANY OF THE
TENDER BEING OVERLOOKED.
9.0
9.1
DISCLAIMERS
committed to any course of action as a result of its
Tenderers are hereby advised that SABC is not
in response to it. In particular, please note
issuance of this TENDER and/or its receipt of a tender
that SABC may:
re-bid on any changes.
9.1.2 change all services on tender and to have Supplier
instructions
and specifications issued herein
9.1.3 reject any tender which does not conform to
deadline
9.1.4 disqualify tenders after the stated submission
the
lowest
priced
tender
9.1.5 not necessarily accept
9.1.6 reject all tenders, if it so decides
tender at any time
9.1.7 award a contract in connection with this
9.1.8 award only a portion as a contract
Supplier
9.1.9 split the award of the contract to more than one
contract.
9.1.10 make no award of a
Tenderer for any preparation costs or other work
Kindly note that SABC will not reimburse any
the Tenderer is awarded a contract.
performed in connection with this tender whether or not
Confidential and
Information
Page 39
of 48
Tender Document
______
RFP Number: SGEIOO/04
A
RFP Title: STB Control Software
Document 13: Evaluation and Selection Criteria
10.0
Vuka Sizwel
CONFIDENTIALITY
after completion is to be treated with strict
All information related to this tender both during and
information gleaned from the service
confidence. Should the need however arise to divulge any
written approval to divulge such
which is either directly or indirectly related to SABC Ltd,
information will have to be obtained from SABC
to negotiation and review of the proposed
Any TENDER submitted by a Tenderer Is subject
contract by SABC's Legal Counsel.
NAME
TENDERER
OF
ADDRESS
PHYSICAL
Name:
Tenderer's contact person:
Telephone:
Mobile:
Fax.:
E-mail address:
END OF DOCUMENT G
Confidential and Proprietary In formation
Page 40
of 48
Tender
RFP Number: SGE/O8/04
RFP Title: STB Control Software
Document H: Supporting Documentation and In formation
DOCUMENT H
SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION AND INFORMATION
1.0
TAX (VAT) REGISTRATION NUMBER
The Tenderer must state hereunder the tax registration
added tax.
2.0
number which is applicable to value
TAX CLEARANCE CERTIFICATE
Tenderers are required to forward a valid copy of their
with their tender/quotation.
Company's Tax Clearance Certificate
Indicate tax clearance certificate expiry date
3.0
TV LICENSE INFORMATION
Confidential and ProprietarY Information
page 41
of 48
Tender Document
\
________________
RFP Number: .SGEIO8/04
RFP Title: STB Control Software
Document H: Supporting Documentation and In formation
TV Licence number
Name & Surname
ID Number
H
Physical address
Telephone & cellular phone numbers
E-mail address
TV Licence number
4.0
RETURNABLE DOCUMENTS
following returnable documents with their responses
Tenderers are required to submit the
Years (for EME's)
Audited Financials Statement for Past Three
EME's)
Letter from a reputable audit firm (for
acknowledge and accept
the Tenderer is deemed to
TENDER
documents,
By signing the
including those contained in any printed
governing
this
TENDER,
that all the conditions
will recognize no claim for relief
form part thereof and SABC Limited.
failed
form stated to
Tenderer overlooked any such condition or
based on an allegation that the
Confidential and ProprietarY Information
Page 42 of 48
Tender Document
4
_____________________________________
RiP Number: SGE/08/04
RFP Title: STB Control Software
Document H: Supporting Documentation and In formation
prices or
properly to take it into account for the purpose of calculating tendered
otherwise.
this
SIGNED at
day of
2008.
WITNESSES ADDRESSES:
WITNESSES:
1.
2.
2.
TENDERER
END OF DOCUMENTII
Con fidential and Proprietary in formation
Page 43
of 48
Tender Document
RFP Number: SGE/08/04
RFP Title: STB Control Software
DOCUMENT!: Broad Based Black Economic Empowerment Form
DOCUMENT I
BROAD BASED BLACK ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT FORM
1.0
SABC B-BBEE
1,1
Government's Broad-based Black
The SABO fully endorses and supports the
that all South African Business
Empowerment Programme and it is strongly of the opinion
Economic
of the past.
Enterprises have an equal obligation to redress the imbalances
business enterprises who share these same
SABC will therefore prefer to do business with local continued business relationships with such
values. To this end, SABO will seriously reconsider
BBBEE "recognition level" of at least level 5.
local business enterprises that do not possess a
and QSE's- see below) to have
SABC consequently urges Tenderers (large enterprises
Agencies available, who do their
themselves accredited by any one of the various Accreditation
February
(I.e. those promulgated on 9
BBBEE ratings in accordance with the latest Codes ABVA
BEE
Verification
(Association of
1.2
1.3
1.4
2007) and whose names appear on the present
ABVA website (www.abva.co.za).
Agencies) — "List of Full Members" as displayed on the
Accreditation
by SANAS (SA NatIonal
Although no agencies have, as yet, been accredited
who
have been
certificates of Tenderers
System), SABC will, in the interim, accept rating
verified by any of the listed agencies.
into a Joint Venture or subcontract portions of
In addition to the above, Tenderers who wish to enter
their
tenders the percentage, of the total contract
in
the contract to BBBEE companies, must state
companies,
should they be successful in being awarded
sub-Tendererls as
value that will be allocated to such BBBEE
certificate In res ect of such BBBEE JV- artners and I or
any business. A ratin
aforementionedi
well as a breakdown of the distribptionpf the
1.5
places on Broad-based Black Economic
In view of the high emphasis which SABG
awarding this tender. However, Price
Empowerment SABC will allocate more points to BBBEE in
and delivery head time will also play a very
1.6
important factor.
result
of the above to SABC. Failure to do so will
Each Tenderer is required to furnish proof
BBBEE.
in a score of zero being allocated for
items of this document. Compliance is
Tenderers are required to respond to all the
request information to support
Mandatory. The SABC reserves the right to audit and/or
prior to
provided in response to the BEE questionnaire
or validate of any of the figures
the award of the tender.
Confidential and Proprietary Information
Page 44 of 48
Tender Document
RFP Number: SGE/08/04
RFP Title: STB Control Software
DOCUMENT!: Broad Based Black Economic Empowerment Form
2.0
BUSINESS DETAILS OF TENDERER
2.1
Name of company or close corporation:
2.2
Company or Close Corporation registration number
2.3
VAT number
2.3
Postal Address
2.4
street address
2.5
Telephone Number_____________________ Fax Number
2,6
Contact Person
2.7
gender and % shareholding (In case
Full Names of Shareholders/Members by race and
10%):
of a public company, shareholders with more than
NAME
SURNAME
Con fiden tie! and Proprietary Information
I
ID NUMBER JThACE
Page 45 of 48
Tender Document
RFP Number: SGE/08/04
RFP Title: STB Control Software
DOCUMENT I: Broad Based Black Economic Empowerment Form
it is awarded to
Name(s) of responsible officers that will be assigned to this contract if
your company.
2.8
2.9
Name and address of bankers: —
Branch___________________________
2*10
Name and Address of attorneys:
2.11
Name and address of
Account No._________________________
officer
3.0
ASSOCIATED COMPANIES
BUSINESS DETAILS OF HOLDING SUBSIDIARY AND
3.1
Name of Group Holding Company:
3.2
Registration Number of Group Holding Company
3.3
Postal Address
3.4
street Address
Confidential and Proprietary Information
Page 46
of 48
Tender Document
RPP Number: SGE/08/04
RFP Title: STB Control Software
DOCUMENT!: Broad Based Black Economic Empowerment Form
3.5
Names and addresses of all subsidiary companies
4.0
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
4.1
4.2
where applicable, of the
Audited financial statements for the last three financial years,
enclosed
with your tender
tendering company and the holding company must be
application.
associated companies that will be
State the names of group holding, subsidiary or
this tender and state the nature and
supporting contract undertakings In connection with
extent of this support
4.3
associated company been liquidated or placed under
Has the tendering company or any
give full details and reasons:
provisional liquidation or judicial management? If so,
4.4
tendering company ever been declared
Has any director or former director of the
insolvent and if so has such director rehabilitated?
AND STRATEGIC ALLIANCES
5.0
CORE BUSINESS,
5.1
business in the field in which they
Tenderers must supply a brief description of their core
of their services.
are tendering together with the major users
Confidential and Proprietary Information
page 47
of 48
Tender Document
RFP Number: SGE/08/04
RFP Title: STB Control Software
DOCUMENT!: Broad Based Black Economic Empowerment Form
5.2
be sub-contracted?
What business activities are being sub-contracted or can
END OF DOCUMENT I
END OF THE REQUEST FOR PROPOSAL DOCUMENT
Confidential and Proprietary Information
Page 48 of 48
Tender Document
of your Personal Computer with access only
Copydght protected. This standard is exclusively for Calvo Mawela of Muitichoice for use on the local drive
is permitted. You can make one paper copy of the
and access
your personal use. No local area network, wide area network, intranet or internet storage reproduced
in any way.
standard. No paper copy may be photocopied or
SANS 862:2013
ISBN 978-0-626-28809-9
Edition 2.1
SOUTH AFRICAN NATiONAL STANDARD
Set-top box decoder for free-to-air digital
terrestrial television
C-:::
This
ad$di4feI!$&bttiet
Published by SABS Standards Division
Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001
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+27123441568
Tel: +27124287911 Fax:
© SABS. Single-user licence only: copying and
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networking prohibited. Note that only one printout of the
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Calve Mawela ol Multicholce [or use on the local drive of your Personal computer with access
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is
permlttaø.
You
can
make
one
paper
copy
your personal use. No local area nelwork, wide area network, intranet or internet storage reproduced in any way
standard. No paper copy may be photocopied or
SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
Table of changes
Change N2i
Date
Amdt I
2013
j
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Scope
Amended to update the normative references (see Clause 2). to
define single RF
I include the abbreviation CGMS-A (see 3.2), to
frequency. TFS, NM and HEM input modes (see 4.3.1) to
clarify the situation regarding the levels of RF channels when TFS is
supported (see 4.3.3.5.3), to indicate that CGMS-A (copy once set)
should be provided with composite (CVBS) video output and that the
HDMI output with HDCP enabled
I decoder shall provide a single
4.4.2.5),
to Indicate that receivers shall
output for HD content (see
include an HIDMI output with HDCP enabled for HD content (see
(see
144.3.7.2), to make all the descriptions in table 10 compulsory
carried and to
schedule
information
shall
be
14.7.2); to change the way
(see 4.7.4), to modify the
I delete reference to an MHEG application
(type
A
with HDCP) enable (see
requirements for HDMI connectors
DVB-SSU
simple
proffle
with the DVB-SSU
14.12.3), to replace the
replace the
I enhanced profile (see 6.3.2,1 and 6.3.3) and to
(see
clause
7).
_jjequlrements for the user interface
Acknowledgement
the
the valuable assistance derived from
The SABS Standards Division wishes to acknowledgereceiver
cable, satellite,
decoders
for
use
In
publication NorDig unified requirements for integrated
terrestrial and (P-based networks (ver 2.2,1).
Foreword
National Committee SABS/TC 074, communication
This South African standard was approved by
SABS Standards Division, in compliance with
technology, in accordance with procedures of the
annex 3 of the WTOITBT agreement.
This document was published in January 2014.
has been technically modified by amendment
A vertical line in the margin shows where the text
No. 1.
This document supersedes SANS B62:2012 (edition 2).
South
broadcasting service licensees, In
At various places in this document, reference is made toservice licensees or their appointed agents
Africa, this means the free-to-air individual broadcasting
service licensees are available from
(trusted third parties). Contact details for these broadcasting
Africa
(ICASA):
the Independent Communicalion Authority of South
Independent Communication Authority of South Africa
Blocks A, B, C and 0, Pinmill Farm
164 Katherine Street
Sandton
2146
© SASS
made.
prohibited. Note that only one printout of the standard maybe
© SABS. Single-user licence only; copying and networking
only for
He local drive of your Personal computer with access
Copyright protected. This slandard is exclusively for Calvo Maweta of Muttloholce For use on
and access is permitted. You can make one paper copy of the
your personal use. No local area network, wide area network, intranet or internet storage reproduced in any way.
slandard. No paper copy may be photocopied or
SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
Introduction
has been trialled in South Africa since
Digital terrestrial television (DTT) broadcasting
Terrestrial System (DVB-T). In
1 November 2008 using the Digital Video Broadcasting
System (DVB-T2) was
January 2011 the Second Generation Digital Video Broadcasting Terrestrial
Therefore this revision of
confirmed as the transmission standard to be used in South
for
DVB-T2.
SANS 862 Incorporates the requirements
analogue network, but it
Initially, the DTT service will be available in parallel with the existing
is
December 2013.
anticipated that the analogue network will be switched off from
set-top box decoder (5Th decoder)
The objective of this document is to provide requirements for a
will provide good quality video and sound
which, in conjunction with an analogue television receiver
free-to-air set-top box decoder.
for the viewer, and to ensure the lowest possible cost for the
regarded as being optional. The
Where the document is silent on a specific feature that feature is
marketing
strategy
of the manufacturer.
inclusion of optional features can be seen as part of the
applications and data will be used to avoid the
For the South African DTT networks, cached MI-lEG
high bandwidth needs of caroilsels,
184 and
with ISOI1EC 13522-5, ETSI ES 202
The MHEG-5 application environment in accordance
South African
seiected
for
easy
integration.
The
the MHEG-5 Profile for South Africa, has been
this document.
MHEG-5 profile supports a return path, but this is optional in
provide a defined framework for conformance
The DTT Free to Air User Interface Specification will http://www.sabc.00.Za/Wp5/P0
SABCfdtt or
available at
measurement. Information will be
http:ilwww.etv.c0.Za/dtt.
interactive services, and control moans are
The 5Th decoder should also be capable of providing used outside South Africa.
required to prevent subsidized STB decoders from being
The main functional elements specified for security are:
loader;
a) a secure over-the-air software and bootstrap
functioning in non-RSA DTT networks;
b) a mechanism to prevent STB decoders from
messaging.
c) STB control system that will enabte mass
document. The STB decoder manufacturer
Detailed security requirements are not specified in this requirements specified by the free-to-air
configuration of the
is responsible for the implementation of the security
service licensees in South Africa and for the proper
individual
chipsets.
the free-to-air individual
Manufacturers can obtain the security requirements from
agents (trusted third parties)
appointed
their
from
or
service licensees in South Africa
(sea foreword).
standard may be made.
networking prohibited. Note that only one printout of the
licence
only;
copying
and
© SABS. Single-user
only for
the local drive of your Personal Computer with accessof the
Copyright protected. This standard is exclusively for calve Mawela of Multichoice for use on
and
access
is
permitted.
You
can
make
one
paper
copy
your personal use. No local area nelwmk, wide area network. intranet or internet storage reproduced in any way.
standard. No paper copy may he photocopied or
SANS 862:2013
$
Edidon 2.1
Contents
Page
Acknowledgement
Foreword
Introduction
S
I
Scope
2
Normative references
3
Definitions, abbreviations and symbols
4
Performance requirements
5
7
11
11
4.1
4.2
4,3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4,7
4.8
4.9
General
spectrum and DTT modulation and coding
Radio frequency
Do-multipleXing and decoding
subtitling
Teletext
service information (SI) and programmesPecific information (PSI)
Menlory
Graphics capabilities
12
12
25
30
31
31
33
4.10 standby operation
4.11 Power supply
4.12 Interfaces
36
STB decoder control
5
36
5.1
5.2
5.3
control requirements
Menu operation
south African OTT identification number
36
36
Applications
e
6.1
6.2
6.3
MHEG-5 Interactive application environment
applications
Electronic Programme Guide (EPG) and cached
updates
Secure downloads and
37
37
37
39
User interface
7
7.1 to 7.8 deleted by amendment No. I
B
Remote control unit (RcU)
39
a.i
8.2
8.3
$,4
Minimum functionality
Alternative RCU design
RelIability
Packaging
40
40
40
©SABS
2
SASS. Single-user licence only; copying and networking
be made.
prohibited. Note that only one printout of the standard may
6
only (or
Calvo Mawela of Multicholce for use on (he local drive of your Personal Computerwith access of the
Copyright protected. This standard is exclusively for
and accoss is permitted. You can make one paper copy
your personal use, No local area network, wide area network, intranet or Internet storage reproduced in any way.
standard. No paper copy maybe photocopied or
SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
Contents (continued)
Page
41
compliance
g
9.1
9.2
9.3
41
41
41
Health and safety
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)
Performance
41
10 Accessories
42
11
Packaging
42
BiblIography
Tables
C
Table I
various RD configurations
— Main hardware/firmware functions for the
12
Table 2 — Mandatory frequency bands
Table 3
11
Modulation and transmission parameters
performance requirements
Table 4 — A limited set of DVB-T2 modes for
decoders
Table 5 — Maximum noise figures for set-top box
13
14
15
GEE reception of DVB-T (with 1/4 guard
Table 6 — Minimum required C/N for
interval and FFT size a K) for prof ties I and 2
17
GEE reception of DVI3-T2 at K) for profiles I and 2....
Table 7 — Maximum required C/N forinterval
PP2 and EFT size 32
18
DVB-T
(Pmin.) for GEE reception of
Table 8 — Minimum input signal levels
profiles
1
and
2
(with 1/4 guard interval and FFT size 8K) for
19
TS output (with 1/8 guard
reception of DVB-T2
Table 9 — Minimum input signal levels (Pmin.) for GEE
extended bandwidth
(with 1/8 guard interval, PP2 and FFT size 32 K
for profiles 1 and 2)
for GEE reception with Interfering
signals
20
Table 10— Minimum required
21
co-channel analogue TV carrier
Table 11 — C/I for QEF in the presence of a
co-channel analogue
Table 12— C/I for QEF of DVB-T2 in the presence of a
TV carrier
dynamically varying echo
Table 13— C/N for GEE reception of DVB-T with
power levels
21
dynamically varying echo
Table 14— C/N for GEE reception of DVB-T2 with
power levels
guard interval for 8 MHz DVB-T
Table 15— GEE reception for echoes outside the
22
22
23
24
© SABS
standard may be made.
networking prohibited. Note that only one printout of the
© SABS. Single-user licence only; copying and
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Ciihro Mawela of Multichoice for uso on the local drive of your Personalmake
one paper copy of the
Copyright protected. This standard is exclusively for
storago
and
access
is
permitted.
You
can
your personal use, No local area network, wide area network, intranet or Internet
reproduced
in
any
way.
standard. No paper copy nay be photocopied or
SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
Contents (concluded)
Page
for 8 MHz DVB-T2
Table 16— QEF reception for echoes outside the guard interval
24
Table 17— Video decoder— Resolutions and frame rates
Table IS — Video decoder—Colour frame aspect ratio
26
27
32
Table 19— 81 table structure
Table 20 — South African OTT identification number
Table 21
Parental control ratings for South Africa
37
Deleted by amendment No, I
I
4
© SASS. Single-user licence only: copying and
©SABS
standard may be made.
networking prohibited. Note that only one printout of the
of your Personal Computer with access only for
Copyright protected. This standard is exclusively for Calve Mawela of Multicholce for use on the local drive
is permitted. You can make one paper copy of the
wide
area
network,
intranet
or
Internet
storage
and
access
your personal use. No local area network,
standard. No peper copy may be photocopied or reproduced in any way.
SANS 862:2013
Edition 2,1
Set-top box decoder for free-to-air digital terrestrial television
I Scope
standard-definition and high1.1 This standard sets out the minimum technical requirements for a
In
South Africa.
definition set-top box decoder for free-to-air digital terrestrial television
the
maintenance unit that provides basic functionality, I.e. decoding
Guide (ERG)
NOTE 1 This will result In a low cost, low
and
an
Electronic
Programme
OTT broadcasts to provide baseband and UHF modulated outputs,
that provides details of the available services,
set-top box
only to free-to-air OTT set-top box decoders, any other
NOTE 2 Although this standard appliesthe free-to-air OTT services should ensure that the audio and video
decoder which is capable of receiving
without any alteration or hindrance.
services and over-the-air applications are displayed fully,
changes
is
given
in
Annex
A.
NOTE 3 A breakdown of the
1 ,2 This standard applies to
a) broadcasters.
b) broadcasting signal distributors,
c) decoder manufacturers and
d) the public.
1.3 This standard does not cover
integrated digital television (IDTV).
2 Normative references
for the application of this document. For
The following referenced documents are indispensable
undated
references, the latest edition of the
applies. For
dated references, only the edition cited
amendments) applies. Information on currently valid national
referenced document (including any
SABS Standards Division,
and international standards can be obtained from the
Amdt I
OTT, Free to Air User Intedace Specification
Subtitling systems.
ETSI EN 300 743, Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB);
Guidelines 00 implementation and usage of
ETSI TR 101 211, Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB);
Sen/Ice Information (SI).
Specification for the use of Video and Audio
ETSI TS 101 154, Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB);
MPEG-2 Transport Stream.
Coding in Broadcasting Applications based on the
(DVB); Specification for System Software Update in
ETSI TS 102 006, Digital Video Broadcasting
DVB Systems.
EnhancedAC-3) Standard.
ETSI TS 102 366, Digital Audio Compression (AC-3,
©SABS
networking prohibited. Note that only one printout of the
© SABS. Single-user licence only; copying and
5
standard may be made,
the local drive of your Personal Con-iputer with access only for
Copyright protected. This standard is exclusively for Calvo Mawela of Multichoioe for use on
and access is permitled. You can make one paper copy of the
your personal use, No local area netwoik, wide area network. intranet or Internet storage reproduced in any way.
standard No paper copy maybe photocopied or
SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
interactive sen/ices — Part 6:
IEC 60728-5, Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and
Headend equipment.
specification — Radio frequency
IEC 61169-2, Radio-frequencY connectors — Part 2: Sectional
coaxial connectors of type 9,52.
characteristics of analogue interfaces
EC 61938, Multimedia systems — Guide to the recommended
to achieve interoperability.
of
— Part 4: General principles
ISO 639-4, Codes for the representation of names of languages
guidelines.
entities, and application
coding of the representation of names of languages end related
of moving pictures and associated
ISO/lEO 13818-7, Information technology — Generic coding
audio information — Part 7: Advanced Audio Coding
objects — Part 3: Audio.
ISO/IEC 14496-3, Information technology — Coding of audio-visual
Pad 10: Advanced
Information technology — Coding of audio-visual objects —
ISOREC 14496-10,
Video Coding.
1TU-R BT.624-4, Characteristics of television systems.
standards for production and international
lu-B BT.709-5, Parameter values for the I-IDTV
programme exchange.
signals for conventional analogue television
ITU-R Bt1700, Characteristics of composite video
systems.
MHEG-5 profile for South Africa.
household and similar purposes for use in South
SANS 164-1, plug and socket-outlet systems for
Africa -. Pad 1: Conventional system, 16 A 250 V ac.
receivers and associated equipment — Radio
SANS 213/CISPR 13, sound and television broadcast
measuremenL
disturbance characteristics — Limits and methods of
of names of languages — Pad 2: Alpha -3
SANS 528-21150 639-2, Codes for the representation
code.
Level Integrated Receiver Decoders.
SANS 894, Test specifications for SD and HD
broadcast receivers and associated equipment —
SANS 2200/CISPR 20, sound and television
measurement.
Immunity characteristics — Limits and methods of
technology — Generic coding of moving pictures and
SANS 1381 8-1/ISOIIEC 13818-1. Information
associated audio information: Systems.
electronic apparatus — Safety requirements.
SANS 50065/IEC 60065, Audio, video and similar
for household and similar general purposes —
SANS 60320-I IIEC 60320-1, Appliance couplers
Part 1: General requirements.
cord sets.
Electrical accessories — Cord sets and interconnection
SANS 60799/lEG 60799,
compatibility (EMC) — Part 3-2: Limits — Limits for
61000-3-2, Electromagnetic
SANS
16 A per phase).
harmonic current emissions (equipment input current
6
SASS. Single-User licence only; copying and networking
a:
be made,
prohibited. Note that only one printout of the standard may
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use on the iocai drive of your Personai make
one paper copy of (he
Copyright protected. This standard is exclusively for Caivo Mawela of Multichoice (or
storage
and
access
is
permitted.
You
can
your personal use. No local area network, wide area network, intranel or internet
reproduced
in
any
way.
slandord. No paper copy may be photocopied or
SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
compatibility (EMC) — Part 3-3: Limits —
SANS 61000-3-3/IEC 61000-3-3, Electromagnetic
fluctuations
and
flicker in pub/ic low-voltage supply systems,
(ion of voltage changes, voltage
subject to conditional connection.
16
A
per
phase
and
not
for equipment with rated current
Testing and
compatibility (EMC) — POd 4-2:
SANS 61000-4-2/IEC 61000-4-2, ElectromagnetiC
measurement techniques — Electrostatic discharge immunity test.
compatibility (EMO) — Part 4-3: Testing and
SANS 61000-4-3/lEG 61000-4-3, Electromagnetic
field immunity test.
measurement techniques — Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic
ElectromagnetIc compatibility (EMG) — Part 4-4: Testing and
SANS 61000-4-4IIEC 61000-4-4,
immunity test.
measurement techniques — Electrical fast transient/burst
compatibility (EMC) — Part 4-5: Testing and
SANS 61000-4-5/IEC 61000-4-5, Electromagnetic
measurement techniques — Surge immunity test.
compatibility (EMO) — Part 4-Il: Testing and
SANS 61000-4-1 1/lEO 61000-4-Il, Electromagnetic
and voltage variations immunity tests.
measurement techniques — Voltage dips, shod interruptions
for Service
Video Broadcasting (DVB); Specification
SANS 3004681ETS1 EN 300468, Digital
lnfonnation (SI) in OVA syslom.s.
broadcasting (OVA); Framing structure channel
SANS 300744/ETSI EN 300744, Digital Video
coding and modulation for digital terrestrial television.
Broadcasting (OVA); Frame structure channel coding
SANS 302755/ETSI EN 302755, Digital Video terrestrial television broadcasting system (DVB-T2).
and modulation for a second generation digital
sample structure, digital representation and digital
SMPTE ST 274, Television — 1920 x 1080 image
timing reference sequences for multiple picture rates.
sample structure — Analog and
image 4:2:2 and 4:4:4
SMPTE ST 296, 1280 x 720 progressive
digital representation and analog interface.
symbols
3 DefinitionS, abbreviations and
apply.
following definitions, abbreviations and symbols
For the purposes of this document, the
3.1 Definitions
3.1.1
impaired, that provides a spoken description of
ancillary service, primarily provided for the visually
the video component of a service
audio description
3.1.2
digital terrestrial television
UHFNHF frequency bands using the DVB-T2
terrestrial delivery of digital transmissions in the
OTT
standard as set out in SANS 302755
3.1.3
received without payment of subscription fees
service which is broadcast and capable of being
free-to-air
.
-
3.1,4
multiplex
output
'flux
channels that are combined together into one
group of digital terrestrial television (DTT)
signal for broadcast
©SABS
7
of the standard may be made.
and networking prohibited. Note that only one printout
licence
only;
copying
© SABS. Single-user
Computer with access only tar
use on the local drive of your Personal make one paper copy ot the
Copyright protected This standard is exclusively for Calvo Mawela of Muttichoico for
storage
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You
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standard. No paper copy may be photocopied or reproduced in any way.
SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
3,1.5
private data stream
which is ignored by other DVB decoders that
DVB data stream desIgned for a specific application
are not designed to use the data
3.1.6
set-top box decoder
STB decoder
decoder
video and audio signals for
stand-alone device that converts a DVB-T signal into analogue
device
presentation on a television receiver or another suitable display
3.2 Abbreviations and symbols
a/v
AC-3
ACE
AudioNisUaI
rnultichannel digital audio)
Audio Coding 3 (Dolby Digital used for 5,1
Active Constellation Extension
AEC
Audio Description
Automatic Frequency Control
AFD
Active Format Descriptor
AD
ASCII
Application Programming Interlace
American Standard Code for Information Interchange
AVC
Advanced Video Coding
BAT
BCH
Bouquet Association Table
Bose Chaudhllri Hoequerighem Code
BER
Bit Error Rate
bw
Bandwidth
API
C/(N1-I)
Copy Generation Management System Analog
Ratio of Carrier to Noise plus Interference
Ratio
C/I
Ratio
C/N
CPU
CRC
Central processing Unit
Cyclic Redundancy Check
DTT
Composite Video Baseband Signal
Digital Terrestrial Television
DVB
Digital Video
DVB-H
Digital Video
CVBS
DVB-T
DVB-T2
E-EDID
— Handheld
— Terrestrial
Digital Video
Video
Broadcasting Terrestrial System
Second Generation Digital
Enhanced Audio Coding
EDID
3
Extended Display Identification Data
Enhanced Extended Display Identification Data
EPS
Electrically Erasable programmable Read-OnlY Memory
Event Information Table
Electronic Programme Guide
EPT
Effective Protection Target
EEPROM
EIT
Atndtl
© SASS
8
be made.
Note that only one printout of the standard may
and
networking
prohibited.
© SASS. Single-user licence only; copyIng
Computer with access only for
use on the local drive of your Personal make
one paper copy of the
Copyright protected. ThIs standard Is exclusively for Calvo Maweta of Muttichoice for
storage
and
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peniiitted.
You
can
your personal use, No local area network, wide area network intranet or internet
pholocopiod
or
reproduced
in
any
way.
standard. No paper copy maybe
SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
Centre Frequency
FEC
Forward Error Correcflon
FEF
Future Extension Frame
FFT
Fast Fourier Transform
FM
Frequency Modulation
FTA
Free To Air
HO
HOOP
High Definition
High-Bandwidth Digital Content Protection
HDMI
High-Definition Multimedia Interface
Television
HOTV
HE-AAC V2
High Efficiency Advanced Audio Coding
HEM
High Efficiency Mode
HL
High Level
HP
High Profile
Wanted Carrier
Signal Level Ratio
I/C
IDTV
Identification
Integrated Digital Television
IRD
Integrated Receiver Decoder
ID
L
LCN
LED
MFN
Level
Logical Channel Number
Light-EmittinQ Diode
Network
Information Coding Experts Group
MISO
Multimedia and Hypermedia
Multiple Input Single Output
ML
Main Level
MP
MPEG
Main Profile
Moving Picture Experts Group
N
Gaussian Noise
NEC
Nippon Electric Company
NF
Noise Figure
MHEG
NICAM
NIT
NM
NVRAM
OFOM
P
PAL
Near Instantaneous Companded Audio Multiplex
Network Information Table
Normal Mode
Non-Volatile Random Access Memory
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
profile
Phase Alternating Line
Ratio
F'APR
PCM
Pulse Code Modulation
PER
PES
Packet Error Ratio
Packetized Elementary Stream
PID
packet Identifier
@SABS
© SASS. Single-user licence only; copying and
9
standard may be made,
networking prohibited. Note that only one printout of the
local drive of your Personal Computer with access only for
Copyright protected. This standard Is exclusively for Calve Mawela of Multicholce for use on tho
and access is permitted. You can make one paper copy of the
No local area network, wide area network, intranet or internet storage reproduced
your personal
in any way.
standard. No paper copy may be photocopIed or
SANS 862:2013
Edition 2,1
PIN
Personal Identification Number
PLP
Physical Layer Pipe
Pmin.
Minimum Input Signal Level
PP
PSI
Pilot Pattern
programme-specific Information
PTS
Presentation Time Stamp
QAM
Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
QEF
Quasi Error Free
Quaternary Phase Shift Keying
QPSK
RCA
Code Rate
Radio Corporation of America
RCU
Remote Control Unit
RF
Radio Frequency
RGB
Red/Greenfalue
r.m.s.
Root Mean Square
RST
Running Status Table
Rx
Transmission Receiver
so
SDT
Standard Definition
Service Description Table
SDTV
Standard-Definition Television
SEN
Single Frequency Network
R
SI
Service Information
SMPTE
Single Input Single Output
Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers
S/POlE
sony/Phillips digital interface
soi
Signal Quality Indicator
siso
Signal Strength Indicator
SSU
System Software Update
STB
Set-Top Box
TOT
Time and Date Table
Time Frequency Slicing
TFS
TOT
TPS
Time Offset Table
Transmission Parameter Signalling
TR
Tone Reservation
TS
T0
Transport Stream
Useful symbol time
TV
Television
UHF
Ultra-High Frequency
USB
Universal Serial Bus
VCR
Video Cassette Recorder
VHF
Very High Frequency
10
© SABS. Singlo-User licence only; copying and
©SABS
standard may be
networking prohibited. Note that only one printout of the
only br
use on the local drive of your Personal Computer with access
Copyright protected. This standard Is exclusively for Calvo Mawela of Muttichoice for
storage and accesS IS permitled. You can make one paper copy of the
your personal use. No local area network, wide area network, intranet or Internet
slandard. No paper copy may be photocopied or reproduced in any way.
SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
4 Performance requirements
4.1 General
coding. Transmission shall be DVB-T2 in
The DTT transmissions in South Africa utilize MPEG-4
UHF bands.
accordance with SANS 302755, and shall be in the VHF and
functions in the STB decoder, Detailed
Table 1 indicates some of the major hardware and firmware
requirements are specified in the appropriate performance requirements.
Table I —Main bardwarelflrmware
functions for the various IRD configurations
Functions
2
3
DVB-T
DVB-T2
decodinglpr000sstflg
[MPEG.2 MP@ML SDTV video
AVC HL@L4 SDTV+ HDTV video
[Audio docodlnglprOcessin9
including down-mix to stereo
E-AC-3 (E-AC-3 converted to AC-3) digital output
HE-AAC V2 (Mono or stereo audio pairs)
subtitling
(HDTV) subtitling
flietext and API
IDVB MHEO-5
Embedded STB Control
ces
[DVS-T_front end
DVB-T2 front end
UHF re-modulator
RF female Input connector
RF male output connector
Analogue SD video output
HDMI output
HDCP
Analogue audio left output
Analogue audio right output
CGMS-A
i2 V DC input
M = Mandatory
Amdt I
.
©SABS
only; copying and networking
© SABS. Single-user licence
'ii
be made.
prohibited. Note that only one printout of the standard may
Personal computer with access only for
for use on the local drive of your
You can make one paper copy of the
copyright prolected. This standard is exclusively for calvo Mawola of Multicholce
internet
storage
and
access
is
permitted.
your personal use. No local area network wide area network, intranet or photocopied or reproduced in any way.
slandard. No paper copy may be
SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
4.2 Spectrum and D1'T modulation and coding
4.2.1 spectrum
UHF television broadcasting bands as shown in
The STB decoder shall operate within the VHF and
table 2 using 8 MHz channel spacing.
Table 2 — Mandatory frequency bands
4.2.2 OTT modulation and coding
300744 (the
mode of operation in accordance with SANS
shall
support
the
B
K
specified
performance
with any of
The STB decoder
of achieving full
guard
interval as
DVB-T standard). The decoder shall be capable
FEC coding and
the combinations of modulation
specified in SANS 300744.
and extended
and 32 K modes, as well as the normal
The STB decoder shall support the 16K
carrier modes as defined in SANS 302755.
of
specified performance with any of the modes
capable
of
achieving
full
The decoder shall be
operation defined for DVB-T2 in SANS 302755.
4.3 Radio frequency
4.3.1 DII tuner/demodulator
reception of signals
single oTT tuner/demodulator for the
300744
(for OVB-T) and
The STB decoder shall be provided with a
in accordance with SANS
transmitters
broadcasting
with any
from terrestrial
capable of receiving transmissions broadcast
with
accordance
SANS 302755 (for DVB-T2). It shall be
in
parameters
modulation and transmission
allowable combination of
tables 3 and 4.
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SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
Table 3— ModulatiOn and transmission
parameters
DVB-T2
QPSK, I6-QAM, 64-QAM, 256-QAM
(rotated and non-rotated)
QPSK, 16-QAM,
ConstellatIOn
Code
64-QAM
Tu/4
Guard interval
Transmission mode
PIlot pattern
8 K
N/A
SlSO/ MISO
N/A
PAPR
N/A
FEC frame length
N/A
Input mode
1/2, 3/5, 2/3, 3/4, 4/5, 5/6
1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6, 7/8
rate
N/A
114
T0/18,
T0/128,
I K, 2 K, 4 K, 8 K, 16 K, 32 K normal and extended
PPI, PP2, PP3, PP4, FF5, PPS, PP7, PPB
Both modes to be supported
No PAPR used, ACE-PArR only used,
TR PAPR only used, ACE and TR PAPR used;
64800, 16200
Mode A (single PLP) or
I
Input Mode B (Multiple PLPs — Common PLP. Type
allowed
figure
255).
and 2 up to the maximum
The STB Decoder shall automatically detect which
mode is being used.
Both input modes to be supported
Both input modes to be suppQrted
streams
decode
STB decoder not required to demodulate or
auxiliary
streams
but
the
content of FEE parts and
shall
existence of FEE or auxiliary streams (or both)
not cause the STB decoder to malfunction.
Amdt I
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standard. No paper copy may be
SANS 862:2012
Edition 2
E
C.
0)
t
C)
t
0
0)
0.
•0
a
E
('1
I-;
>
a
15
(0
•0
4,
4.
E
0)
.0
Ce
F-
© SABS
14
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be
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standard. No paper copy may be
SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
4.3.2 TunIng
4.3.2.1 General
non-DTT sources such as ENS-H
The decoder shall ignore all services originating from any
services, to avoid confusing the consumer.
4.3.2.2 AutomatiC tuning
automatic tuning over the frequency ranges
The STB decoder shall be capable of performing services received in the complete frequency
and
indicated in table 2, to find all the multiplexes
detect which mode is being used (see table 3). It shall
decoder
shall
automatically
range The STB
parameters found in the SI/PSI (e.g. within the NIT).
also be able to interpret and respond to tuning
PLPs (i.e. Mode B), the decodet' shall analyse and
When receiving a DVB-T2 signal with multiple
interrogate the SI information per PLP.
the service list (thereby avoiding duplication
The decoder shall display a given service only once in
an original network
this service (i.e. the same path comprising
received
from
more than one
of the same service) even if
identifier) is
Identifier, transport stream identifier and servicefrom the transmission with the highest quality (as
transmitter. In such a case, the service emanating be the one chosen to be entered into the service
defined by signal strength and signal quality) shall
list.
4.3,2.3 Manual tuning
manual tuning
STB decoder shall be capable of performing
shall tune
automatic
tuning,
the
viewer.
The
decoder
In addition to
(or both) is entered by the
services and
modes,
add
any
new
where the channel number or frequency
search all available DTT
to the channel entered by the viewer,
in
the
service
list.
replace existing services
list (thereby avoiding duplication
service only once In the service comprising an original network
The decoder shall display a giventhis
service (i.e. the same path received from more than one
if
of the same service), even Identifier
and service Identifier) is
quality (as
identifier, transport stream
from the transmission with the highest the
the
service
emanating
service
to
be
entered
into
transmitter. In such a case,
shall be the one chosen
defined by signal strength and signal quality)
list.
4.3.3 Tuner performance
4.3,3.1 Noise
operational
decoder tuner shall not exceed 6dB across the
The maximum noise figure (NF) of the
frequency range in accordance with table 5.
box decoders
TableS— Maximum noise figures for set-toj)
15
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SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
4.3.3,2 Return loss
equal to or loss than —6dB (75 0) across
input return loss measured at the antenna input shall be
the operational frequency range.
4,3.3.3 Centre frequencies and signal bandwidth
frequency,
The decoder tuner shall be capable of tuning to the centre
DVB-T2 signal, as follows:
of the incoming DVB-T and
a) in the case of VHF tuning
= 178 MHz 4' (K — 4)X8MHZ
where
signal, in megahertz;
is the centre frequency of the incoming DVB-T
K
is an integer from 4 to 13.
b) in the case of UHF tuning
fc = 306 +
where
f0
signal, in megahertz;
is the centre frequency of the incoming OVB-T
K
is an integer from 21 to 68.
corresponds to a signal bandwidth of 7,61.
For a DV8-T signal, an 8 MHz channel
the
signal bandwidth oF 761 MHz in
8 MHz channel corresponds to aFFT
the extended
size
16
K
and
32
K
in
NOTE 2 For a OVB-T2 signal, an
K and 7,77 MHz for
normal carrier mode, and 7,71 MHz for FFT size 8
NOTE I
carrier mode
4,3.3.4 MaXiflThfll frequency offset
nominal
signals with an offset of up to 50 kHz from the
The Sm decoder shall be able to receive
centre frequency.
4.3.3.5
ratio
event per hour over the entire frequency
4.3.3.5,1 The C/N shall be less than one uncorrected error
range.
uncorrected
SANS 300744, where QEF means less than one
NOTE This requirement is given as QEF in 10-Il at the input of the MPEG de.muitlplexer.
error event per hour and corresponds to BER =
event per transmission
"less than one uncorrected error
to a TS
SANS 302755 defines QEF for DVB-T2 as service
approximateJY
correspondino
decoder",
hour at the level of a 5 Mbit/s single TV
PER < 10-7 before the
specified for two profiles:
4.3.3.5.2 The C/N values in tables 6 and 7 are
bandwidth
together with the wanted carrier (I) in a signal
noise
(N)
is
applied
a) Profile 1: Gaussian
of a OVB-T signal. No echo is applied.
16
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SANS 862:2013
Edition 2,1
signal and an echo. The echo has the
b) profile 2: the wanted carrier (I) includes the direct path delayed from 1,95 ps to 0,95 times the
same power (0dB echo) as the direct path signal and Is
channel centre.
guard interval length, and has a 0 degree phase at the
Input Mode A (single PLP) and Input
4.3.3.5.3 The C/N as given in table 7 applIes generally for all
frequencies).
When IFS is supported, the levels
Mode B (multiple PLP5) including TFS (using 2-6
profile is also identical on all RF
identical
and
the
0
dU
echo
of all RF channels involved are
Amdt I
channels.
DVB-T (with 114 guard
of
Table 6— Minimum required CR4 for QEF reception
interval and FFT size B K) for profiles I and 2
17
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SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
at TS output
Table 7—Maximum required C/N for QEF reception of DVB-T2 and 2
and
PET
size
32K)
for
profiles
I
(with 118 guard Interval, PP2
(1
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standard, No paper copy may be photocopied or reproduced in any way.
SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
4.3.3.6 MinImum decoder Input signal levels
and the UHF bands for the minimum
The 8Th decoder shall provide QEF reception in both the VHF
input signal levels (Prom.), which can be derived as follows:
Pmmn. = —105,2 + NW + CIN
where
(dBm);
Pmin. Is the minimum input signal level, in decibels
NF
is the noise figure, in decibels (dBm);
C/N
is as specified In tables 6 and 7, in decibels (dAm).
The required Pmin. are summarized in tables 8 and 9.
Table
of DVB-1'
Input signal levels (Pmin.) for QEF reception
and FET size B K) for profiles I and 2
(with 114 guard Interval
Minimum input signal level (F'mln.)
Profile 1: Gaussian
—93,1
Profile 2: 0 dE echo
—89,4
—91,3
—84,5
—90,3
—80,8
—89,3
—88,5
—
—
—87,4
—84,9
—85,1
—80,3
—83,6
-'76,1
-82,6
—82,2
—
—
—81,7
—79,2
—79,5
—75,0
—78,0
—70,6
—78,6
—
—75,7
19
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Internet
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standard. No paper copy may be
SANS 862:2013
Edition 2,1
reception of DVB-T2
Table 9—Minimum input signal levels (Pmin.) for QEF
bandwidth for profiles I and 2)
(with 118 guard interval, PP2 and EFT size 32 K extended
1
4
2
Minimum input signal level (Pmln.)
d8
Prof lie 1: GaussIan
ProfIle 2:0dB echo
—95,6
—93,9
—94,4
—92,3
—93,5
—90,7
—92,5
—89,3
-91,9
—88,2
—91,4
—87,0
—90,4
—88,2
—89,0
—86,4
—87,7
—84,8
—86,6
—82,8
'45,8
—81,3
—85,3
—80,2
—86,1
—83,1
—84,3
—82,9
—79,4
—81,4
—77,1
—80,4
—75,1
—79,7
—73,6
—82,1
—79,7
I
—81,1
—78,5
—76,0
—78,3
—74,0
—76,2
—71,1
—74,8
'48,3
—74,0
—65,5
levels
4.3.3.7 Maximum STB decoder input signal
up to an input level of
reception for DVB-T and DVB-T2 signalsmaximum
(where the
shall
provide
QEF
The STB decoder
—20 dBm
signal level is restricted to carrier
modulated
at
peaks
of
the
—35 dbm. The analogue TV input
value of the vision
analogue TV signal is defined as the r,m.s.
envelope).
combination of modes:
input signal level is valid for the following
This maximum
8 K, 64QAM, R = 2/3, &Tu = 1/8
8K, 64-QAM, R = 2/3.
= 1/4;
BK, 64-QAM, R = 3/4. &T0 = 1/4.
modes shown in table 10.
The DVB-T2 signal input is valid for the
20
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SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
4,3.3.8 STB decoder immunity to analogue signals in other
channels
adjacent-channel PAL-I carriers of up to 33 dB
The 5Th decoder shall maintain QEF reception with
higher power levels.
sound carrier level relative to the vision carrier is —13 dB, and the level of
NOTE In South Africa the PAL FM
the NICAM signal relative to the vision carrier is —20 dB.
shall be maintained with analogue PAL
On channels other than adjacent channels QEF receptionThis applies to IJVB-T transmissions with
carriers up to 44 dB higher than the wanted DVB-T signal.
the combination of modes given in 4.3.3.7.
signals in the UHF and VHF bands for the
For DVB-T2, the requirements in this subclause refer to
modes defined in table 4.
channels
4.3.3.9 STB decoder immunity to digital signals in other
signal level ratio (I/C) at which the
Table 10 gives the lowest values of the
of an interfering DVB-T signal. This
decoder shah maintain QEF performance in the presence
of modes given in 4.3.3.7, and for
requirement applies to DVB-T transmissions with the combination
DVB-T2 with the modes given in table 4.
with interfering
Table 10— Minimum required IIC for QEF reception
DVB-TIDVB-T2 signals
analogue TV signals
4.3.3.10 Immunity to co-channel Interference from
TV is specified as the minimum
The sensitivity for interference from analogue
ratio (C/I) requ red for QEF reception.
specified in tables 11 and 12 when an 8MHz
The SIB decoder shall operate at QEF at values
co-channel PAL-I signal including video
DVB-T or IJVB-T2 signal is exposed to interference from a
with teletext, and an FM sound carrier (see 4.3.3.8).
of a co-channel analogue TV carrier
Table ii — C/I for QEF in the presence
21
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SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
Table 12— C/I for QEE of DVB-T2 in the presence of a co-channel
266-QAM
Constellation
Code rate
Lc/
3/5
2/3
3dB
5dB
analogue TV carrier
I
7dB
4.3.3.11 PerformanCe in time-varying channels
signal-time variations that naturally exist in
The STB decoder shall be able to operate with all
(e.g. swaying mast, moving antenna) and in-house portable
connection with fixed roof-top reception
reception (e.g. people in the vicinity of the receiving antenna).
d13 echo with
be less than 3dB for a 0
The Increase in required C/N for QEP reception shall
of
20
is (corresponding to a Doppler shift of
frequency separation equal to 20 Hz and a delay
separation equal to 1 Hz and a delay
± 10Hz (after AFC)), compared to a 0dB echo with frequency
AFt)), for the following modes:
of 20 pa (corresponding to a Doppler shift of ± 0,5 Hz (after
8 K, 64-QAM, R = 2/3,
1/8;
BK, 64-QAM, R = 2/3, A/I0
1/4.
shall be less than 3dB for a 0dB echo with
The increase in required C/N for QEF reception of 20 is (corresponding to a Doppler shift of
frequency separation equal to 10 Hz and a delay frequency separation equal to 1 Hz and a delay
± 5 Hz (after AFG)). compared to a 0dB echo with
(after AFC)), for mode 8 K, 64-QAM, R 3/4,
of 20 ps (corresponding to a Doppler shift of ± 0,5 Hz
table 4.
A/Ia = 1/4 and for DVB-T2 for the modes given in
In single frequency networks
4.3.3,12 SynchronizatIon for varying echo power levels
For modes
BK, 64-QAM, ft = 2/3, A/Ta = 1/8,
8K, 64-QAM, ft = 2/3, A/Ta = 1/4,
8K, 64-QAM, ft = 3/4, A/L = 1/4,
the
in table 13 (defined at 0dB level crossing) when
the reception shall be QEF at the C/N specified
guard
interval
length
1,95 ps up to 0,95 timeS
channel contains two paths with relative delay from dynamically varying, including 0 dB echo level
and the relative power levels of the two paths are
crossing.
dynamically
Table 13— C/N for QEE reception of DVB-T with
levels
varying echo power
R
Modulation
Coda rate
2/3
dB
26,2
30,6
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SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
C/N value, specified in table 14, for QEF
195 p5 up
For the DVB-T2 modes given in table 4, the required
two paths with relative delay from
reception shall be obtained when the channel contains
paths
are
dynamically
power levels of the two
to 095 times guard interval length and the relative
is defined at 0dB level crossing.
level
crossing.
The
C/N
value
varying, including 0 dB echo
dynamically
Table 14— C/N for QEF reception of DVB-T2 with
varying echo power levels
networks
4.3.3.13 C/(N+i) performance in single frequency
for the time synchronization that will
shall
II there are more than one FFT window positions
EPT, the STB decoder
available CI(N+l) larger than or equal to the required
be
able
The
decoder
shall
also
give an aggregate
independently of echo profile.
be able to find one of these positions
to
to correctly equalize the signal for echoes up
ps), and
equalization — for an 8 MHz DVB-T signal, up to 260
a) 7 T,,/24 (the interval of correct
scattered pilots (after time interpolation) for a
Nyquist time for the
b) 57/64 (= 89,1 %) of the pattern
and RF bandwidth for DVB-T2.
particular FFT size, pilot
4,3.3,13.1
4,3,3.13.2 For modes
8 K, 64-QAM, R = 2/3, A/T0 = 118,
OK, 64-QAM, R = 2/3,
1/4,
8 K, 34-QAM, R = 3/4, A/Ta = 1/4,
obtained when the channel
4.3.3.5) for QEF reception shall be
interval length,
2
(specified
in
the C/N for profile
from 1,95 ps up to 0,95 times guard
contains two static paths with relative delay
amplitudes and phases of the two paths.
independently of the relative
(specified In table 7)
4, the required C/N value for profile 2
modes
shown
in
table
with relative delay
For the DVI3-T2
the channel contains two static paths
amplitudes and
shall
be
obtained
when
independently
of
the
relative
for QEF reception
interval length,
0,95
times
guard
from 1,95 ps up to
phases of the two paths.
approxiniateiy the same
specific echo attenuation, the C/N shall have
median value shall be
In
the
case
of
4.3.3.13.3
length. The deviation in C/N from the
guard
interval
length.
value, independent of the actual delay
up to 0,95 times
less than I dU for any echo length from 1,95 ps
for
In the case of echoes outside the guard interval,
the values
shail be possible with echo levels up to
signal:
QEF
reception
a) an 8 MHz DVB-T
defined In table 15;
to the values
reception shall be possible with echo levels up
b) an 8 MHz DVB-T2 signal: QEF
defined in table 18.
23
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SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
interval for 8 MHz DVB-T
Table 15 — QEF reception for echoes outside the guard
guard Interval for 8 MI* DVB-T2
Table 16— QEF reception for echoes outside the
4.3.4 Response to changes In modulation
error-free IS.
changes in modulation parameters and output
shall
recover
from
change of
The STB decoder
The STB decoder shall be able to detect a
the
in
order
to
reduce
This should take less than I a for any change.
of the DVB-T signal,
modulation parameters signalled in the TPS data
recovery time.
changes in P1,
transmission shall automatically recover from
5 s for any
The STB decoder tuned to a
shall
be
available
within
An error-free TS
LI pro-signalling data and Li post signalling.error-free TS shall be output within 5 s for any LI postP1 or Li (or both) pro-signalling change. An other Li post-signalling change.
signalling FEF change and within 2s for any
24
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SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
4.3.6 Bypass
independently of the operational or
The path from RE input to RE output shall allow HF bypass
that connocted equipment (e.g. a TV set) can continue to operate.
standby status of the decoder, so
the frequency ranges in table
The RF bypass gain shall be in the range —1 dB to +3dB over
2.
4.3.6 UHF re-modulator
receiver
output for use with a PAL TV
4.3.6.1 The STB decoder shall provide a UHF re-modulated
which shall
accordance with ITU-R BT.624-4, except
a) modulate the decoded baseband signal onto PAL-I in
that dual side bands shall be allowed;
0 (—39 dBm);
b) have a peak signal level of 3 mV nominal across 75
c) have a return loss at the output of less than 6 dB;
d) be tunable from 470 MHz to 854 MHz;
e) be preset at the factory to channel 63;
output, with a volume control;
f) support PAL mono-audio
at —12dB full-scale transmitter output setting
g) have an audio FM deviation of 40 kHz ± 5kHz
(equivalent to +6 dBm studio sound level);
h) have a
carrier ratio of 16dB ± 4 da;
levels that do not exceed
i) produce spurious output
2): 12 dl3pV max.,
1) in band (as in table
(
in band above): 43 dBIJV max.; and
2) out of band (30 MHz to 1 GHz, excluding
of
output voltage leakage to the "HF in" terminal
terminated
in
75
0.
exhibit
an
j) with the "RF out"
SfidBpVmax.
that provides feeds for
an HF bypass facility
output, measured in
4.3.6.2 The HF output shall be combined withintermodulation
at
the
HF
analogue TV5 and VCRs. The second-order
than
—60 dBc.
be equal to or lower
accordance with IEC 60728-5 with 85 dBpV input, shall
4,3.7 TIme interleaving
that corresponds to the
include time-interleaving capability
219 + 216 OFDM cells for a data
The STB decoder shall, at least,
SANS 302755, I.e.
maximum time interleaving in accordance with
PLP and its common PLP together.
4.4
and decoding
4.4.1 support of MPEG-4
only.
level 3 decoding for standard definition display
support
MPEG-4
AVC/H.264
The decoder shall
25
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copying
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Personal computer with access only for
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permitted. You can make one paper copy of the
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standard. No paper copy may be
SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
13818-1. and the video profile level shall be main
The transport stream shall comply with SANS
profile level 3 In accordance with ISO/IEC 14496-10.
video resolution of 720 x 576. The decoder shall
The STB decoder shall support standard-definition
and standard-definition display.
support MPEG-4 AVC/H.264 video decoding for both
of
resolutions
and
frame
rates given in table 17.
The STB decoder shall support the minirnufli set
Table 17— Video decoder — Resolutions and frame rates
4.4.2 Video
4,4.2.1 General
decoder shall
with 4.4.2.2 to 4.4.2.5. The set-top box
Video decoding shall be in accordance
SD output.
provide an HO output and a
4.4.2.2
of HO video for SD output
by the SD format
decoded HO video shall be
Down.Conversion of pictures shall be
For RF-PAL and CVBS outputs, the
these outpllts.
converter to SD resolution for output via encoded HO full screen luminance resolution values
the
incoming
implemented from any
to so resolution (720 x 576).
(1920 x 1080, 1440 x 1080, and 1280 x 720)
x 1080) in the
aspect ratio format (i.e. 1280 x 720 or 1920
any
1:1
pixel
pixels centred in
shalt
be
720
x
576
When
resolutIon, the target
decoder composition output to 720 x 576 inserted at the start of the 720 pixel active line and nine
HO video shall be
the 720 x 576 grid with nine black pixels
active tine. The
allowed
as
a display option,
pixels inserted at the end of the 720 pixel
cut shall not be
4:3
displays.
Centre
displayed as 16:9 letterbox on
production.
since it would limit the safe area to 4:3 for HO
re-Interlacing).
appropriate re-interlacing (field mode integration
converter
shall
apply
frame
aspect
ratio video
The SD format
576i25 in a 4:3 frame aspect ratio or 16:9
and
output
720
x
It shall process
standards listed in table 18.
with colours in accordance with the
© SABS
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standard. No papal
SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
Table 18— Video decoder — Colour frame aspect ratio
3
I
2
resolution In the decoder
composition output
(horizontal x vertical)
Standards for appropriate
colour processing
lTU-R BT.1700
720 x 576
Comments
Note
that 576 lines
interlaced
scan
in
(5761)
both
and
progressive scan (576p) shall
be processed and output with
equal colour parameters.
1280 x 720
parameters
The
(SMPTE ST 296)
as In ITU-R BT.709-S.
lTU-R 61.709-5
1920 X 1080
colour
ITU-R 61.709-5
(SMPTE ST 274)
in
SMPTE ST 296 are the same
The
colour
parameters
in
SMPTE ST 274 are the same
as in rru-a 61.709-5.
4.4.2.3 Aspect ratio
(widescreen) and 4:3 picture format changes including
defined in
The STB decoder shall support both 16:9
the active format descriptor (AFD) as
support for the correct aspect ratio and use of
ETSI TS 101 154.
provided by the
be able to use the EDID information
For the HO outpllt, the STB decoder shall
output.
display to automatically
I
determine the STU decoder
the same formal as
"Original Format option i.e. to output
shall
provide
an
lithe
received format is
The STB decoder
by the EDID information, the best possible video
received if supported by the display, as indicateddisplay
mode that provides
not supported, the 5Th decoder shall select the from going black, if there is a mismatch between
quality. This is to prevent the STB decoder output
received format and display capabilities.
fixed
the default output format from the SIB decoder to a
it shall also be possible to manually set
format.
For the
aspect ratio.
manual selection of the required
SD format, the decoder shall support
ratio information
lID video, the combination of coded frame aspect
encoder into the video sequence header, shall
plus the use of the AFD, embedded by the MPEG
provide the viewer with the following options:
For SD video and
shall provide the following viewer options:
a) 16:9 material on 4:3 displays: the decoder
4:3 frame; or
1) display the material as a 16:9 letterbox within a
within the
originating material and present this full frame
2) perform a 4:3 centre cut-out on the
operation;
support a 'pan and scan'
4:3 display. In this case the decoder shall
27
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standard, No paper copy may be
SANS 862:2013
Edition 2,1
"pillarboxing" of 4:3 material into a
b) 4:3 material on 16:9 displays: the decoder shall allow originating material.
correct
aspect
ratio
of
the
frame, in order to maintain the
16:9
4.4.2.4 Support of still pictures
still pictures (frame), i.e. a video sequence
The STB decoder shall be able to decode and display bitstream will cause the buffer to underfiow.
that contains a single intra-coded picture. Such a video
the display
decoding process shaH continue to examine the buffer,
the normal
In this situation, while the
previously
decoded
picture
until
process associated with the decoder shall repeat the
operation of the buffer can resume.
4.4.2.5 Outputs
signal shall be presented as specified in 4.3.6.1 on a
A PAL-I modulated SD video and audio
connector as defined in 4,12.3,
video output with CGMSA-A (copy once set) on
The decoder shall also provide a composite (CVBS)
signal levels shall be in accordance with
RCA socket as defined in 4.12.3. The composite video
version for output via this
an
a
lEO 61938. For HD content, the decoder shall derive
provide a single HDMI output with I-IDCP enabled
Amdt I
interface as described in 4.4.3. The decoder shall
(copy never set) for HD content.
4.4.3 AudIo
4.4.3.1 General
adjusting the audio-delay on the S/PDIF output (if
The STB decoder shall support the possibility of
steps, as the STB decoder might have
available) up to 250 ms. It should be adjustable in 10 msdelays, e.g. the STB decoder might be
several different user set-ups, resulting in different a/v
and the STB decoder might be connected to
connected to several types of external audio.ampliflers
several types of external screens.
streams. Receivers shall also support the
SPDIF.
Receivers shall support decoding of E-AC-3 elementary
AC-3
bitstream
for output via E-tDMl and
an
requirements
conversion of E-AC-3 elementary streams toelementary
comply
with
the
stream shall
The decoding and conversion of an E-AC-3MPEG-I Layer II (Musicam) is not required. The decoder
audio service
in ETSI TS 102 366. support for decoding
to determine the languages of
shall use the language descriptors in ISO 639-4
audio service information.
elements, handle dynamic changes, and present
14496-3
V2 encoding in accordance with ISO/IEC
The decoder shall also comply with the HE-AACshall primarily be for mono or stereo video services
and ISO/lEG 13818-7. The use of HE-MO V2
or radio services (or both).
4.4.3.2 Audio mode
first independent substream of an E-AC-3 elementary
Receivers shall
Receivers shall be capable of decoding the
to 5.1 channels of audio.
two
channels of
stream (independent substream 0) containing up
functionality that is capable of outputting at least
contain
more
than two
implement E-AC-3 decoding
of E-AC-3 streams that
decoded PCM. Receivers shall support downmixing
channels of audio.
4.4.3.3 Bit rate
to
elementary streams encoded at bit rates of up
Receivers shall support decoding of E-AC-3
3 024 kbit/s.
28
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SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
4,4.3.4 SamplIng frequency
encoded at a sample rate of
Receivers shall support decoding of E-AC-3 elementary streams
48 kHz.
4.4.3.6 Substream support
streams that contain more than one
Receivers shall be able to accept E-AC-3 elementary
independent substream 0. Support for decoding
substream. Receivers shalt be capable of decoding
of additionat dependent substreams is optional.
4.4.3.6 AudIo description
4.4,3.6.1 General
decoding two different programme elements (main
Receivers shall be capable of
separate E-AC-3 elementary streams, or in
audio and audio description) carried either in two
elementary stream, and then combining
separate independent substreams within a single E-AC-3
Receivers shall, in addition to the decoding
the programme elements Into a complete programme.
implement audio description decoding with the
requirements specified In sections 4.4.3.2 to 4.4.3.5,
capabilities given in 4.4.3.6.2 to 4.4.3.6.6.
4.4.3.6,2 AudIo mode
capable of decoding a single independent substream
shall be
The audio description (AD) decoder shall be
to 5.1 channels of audio. The AD decoder support
AD
decoder
shall
from an E-AC-3 elementary stream containing up
of decoded PCM. The
capable of outputting at least two channels
audio.
that
contain
more
than two channels of
downmixing of E-AC-3 streams
4.4.3.6.3 sampling frequency
encoded at
of E-AC-3 substreams and elementary streams
The AD decoder shall support decodingrate of the AD service does not match the sample rate of the
a sample rate of 48 kHz. If the sampledecode only the main audio service.
main audio service, the receiver shall
4.4,3.6.4 Substream support
values of
single independent substreani. Substream ID
support
decoding
of
a
The AD decoder shall
shall be able to select a single independent substream
and route this
0, 1, 2 and 3 shall be supported. Receivers
contains multiple independent substreams
the same
services
delivered
within
from an E-AC-3 elementary stream that
shall support AD
single substrearfl to the AD decoder. Receiversand delivered using a separate E-AC3 elementary
E-.AC-3 bitstream as the main audio service,
broadcast transport stream
stream carried in a separate PID within the
4.4.3.6.5 MixIng metadata
and delivery
mixing metadata from the E-AC-3 bitstream
support
extraction
of
The AD decoder shall
component within the receiver. The
of this mixing metadata to an audio mixing
AD synchronization requirements.
decoded, have
services, which are to be simultaneously
If audio access units from two audio corresponding PES headers, then the corresponding audio
synchronous decoding.
identical values of PTS indicated in their
the audio decoder for simultaneous units), corresponding
access units shail be presented to
audio
frames
(access
that for corresponding
Synchronous decoding means
time.
audio samples are presented at the identical
29
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internet storage and access is permitted. You can make one paper copy of the
your personal use. No local area network wide area network intranet or photocopied or reproduced in any way.
standard. No paper copy may be
SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
synchronous)
audio encoding was not frame
If the PTS values do not match (indicating that the audio service may be presented to the audio
(access
units)
of
the
main
then the audio frames
by the P15. An AD service, which is
decoder for decoding and presentation at the time indicatedwhich are in closest time alignment (as
being simultaneously decoded may have its audio frames,decoded, presented to the audio decoder
indicated by the PTS) to those ol the main service being
reproduced out of sync by
In this case, the associated service may be
for simultaneous decoding.
as much as 1/2 of a video frame.
4,4.3.7 Mono-audiO
4.4.3.7.1 General
menu to replace the analogue Stereo Left
There shall be a configurable option in the on-screen
derived analogue monofeed.
signal output via one of the RCA sockets with a
4.4.3.7.2 HDMI outputs
enabled (copy never set), as described In
Amdt I
I Receivers shall include an HDMI output with HDCP
be implemented:
4.12.3, and the following audio-specific requirements shall
decoding capability of a connected HDMI sink device bY
a) Receivers shall determine the audio
reading the E-EDID structure of the sink device.
output the
for E-AC-3 decoding, the receiver shall
b) If the 1-IDMI sink device indicates support
device.
E-AC-3 elementary stream directly to the HDMI sink
AC-S
support for E-AC-3 decoding, but supports
c) If the HOMI sink device does not Indicate
elementary stream to an AC-S bitstream before
decoding, the receiver shall convert the E-AC-3
HDMI output.
F-AC-a decoding, or the user has
support for either AC-S or
does
not
indicate
d) If the sink device
the receiver shall decode the elementary
selected "stereo" output via the on-screen menu,
stream to stereo PCM before HOMI output.
4,4.3.7.3 S/PDIF audio outputs
requirements
described In 4,12.3, and the following
Receivers shall include an S/PDIF output, as
shall be implemented:
elementary stream to AC-a before S/PDIF output.
a) The receiver shall convert the F-AC-3
deoode the
via the on-screen menu, the receiver shall
b) If the user has selected "stereo" output
output.
elementary stream to stereo PCM before SIPDIF
4.4.3.7.4 Analogue audio outputs
described in 4.12.3, and deoode the audio
Receivers shall include an analogue audio output, as
elementary stream before analogue audio output.
4.5 Subtitling
in accordance
displaying subtitles for the hearing impaired
subtitle
text
on
the picture.
The STB decoder shall be capable of
capable of overlaying the
with ETSI EN 300 743. The decoder shall bediffer from the normal subtitles by the amount of text
The subtitles for the hearing impaired may
the broadcasted content.
displayed per second, which is controlled by
30
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permitted.
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standard. No paper copy may be
SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
languages when
subtitles In the eleven official
The decoder shall be capable of displaying
determined by the broadcaster.
transmitted. The order of the transmitted subtitle services will be
shall be in accordance with SANS 528-2
The language codes of the transmitted subtitle descriptors
and as given below:
air
Afrikaans
(Afrikaans)
English
(English)
Ndebele
(IsiNdebele)
nbl
Sotho, Northern
(Sepedi)
nso
Sotho, Southern
(Sesotho)
sot
Swati
(SiSwati)
ssw
Tsonga
(Xitsonga)
tao
Tswana
(Setswana)
tsn
Venda
(Tshivenda)
yen
Xhosa
(IsiXhosa)
xho
Zulu
(IsiZulu)
zul
enabled,
enabling or disabling the display of subtitles. When
allow
manual
selection
The decoder shall provide the option of
disabled, the decoder shall
to configure
subtitles will automatically be displayed. When
subtitle
services.
The decoder shall allow the user displayed,
UsI
of
broadcasted
from the available
subtitle services, which will be automatically
be presented.
the preferred first and second language
available, the first available subtitle language shall
another
presented
or
of
selecting
when available. Should neither be
disabling the language
provide
the
option
of
The decoder shall
available language.
Banner.
indicated by a subtitle icon on the Now and Next
subtitle
services
shall
be
available
subtitle
The presence of
the remote control unit, the list of
When the languages button is selected on select his preference.
languages shall be displayed and the user can
where
displaying subtitling and interactive graphics
The decoder shall be capable of
available.
4.6 Teletext
services, including teletext-like services.
MHEG-5 shall be used to provide all Interactive
information (PSI)
4.7 service information (SI) and
4.7.1 SI tables
300744 and
PSI shall be in accordance with SANS and optional
implementation
of
SI
and
The general
SI table structure and the mandatory
SANS 300468. Table 19 sun,marizes the
descriptors as defined in SANS 300468.
and optional•
the PSI/SI tables, including the mandatory
The STB decoder shall be able to process"Othel" transport streams.
PSI/SI tables, both for the 'Actual" and for
4.7.2 Networks and bouquets
Services will be broadcast on
bouquets: will be allocated on a regional basis.
information
on all events. The STB
It is anticipated that
SI tables containing
regional
basis
with
the
31
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copy
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standard. No paper copy may be
SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
the LCN functionality to construct accurate Now
decoder shall use the descriptors in the BAT and appropriate menu screen.
and Next Information for the region identified on the
Table 19— SI table structure
Actual transport stream
Other transport stream
Mandatory
Optional
Mandatory
N/A
Mandatory
Optional
EIT present-/following
Mandatory
Mandatory
Eli schedule
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
N/A
Optional
NIA
Optional
N/A
—
TOT
TOT
RST
Amdt I
4.7.3 Service configuration
service information
detect configuration changes, such as
The STB decoder shall automatically frequency (see 4.2) as well as the adding or the deleting
disruption to
(see table 19), modulation (see 4.2) and
operation accordingly without user intervention or
of services, and shall amend its
services.
NOTE It Is anticipated that
bandwidth.
4.7.4 FIT
In terms of the use of available
the OTT service wilt include a dynamic element
actual/other and EIT schedule
extended event
information shall be broadcast, inclyding
Only [IT presentlfoltoWin9 (Now and Next) transport streams, I.e. [IT presentlfollowing including
information, for services carried in all OTT
Schedule information for a full function EPG
series descriptors.
Amdt I
genre tables, parental control and
schedule.
will be carried in [IT
4.7.5
services
of the multiplex
of time.exclusiVe services, i.e. where part
of
the
day.
The
services shall
The STB decoder shall support the use
depending upon the time
support
different
services
for normal
capacity is used to
and users shall be able to select them as the service
multiplex
capacity
(I.e.
be shown within the relevant channel listings
is not using the
services. During the time period when a service
screen (the Placehotder) provided by an
display
the
notification
operation. The
the
decoder
shall
is inactive)
provide the service name and its hours of
Mt-lEG application
MHEG application which will typically
will
be
defined
by
the
location and parameters of the placeholder screens
the user
between active and inactive states so that
provide
seamless
transitions
and
vice
versa.
The decoder shall
with the active service,
experiences the replacement of the Placehoider screen
32
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area
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intranet or internel storage and access Is permitted. You can make one paper copy
your personal use. No local area network,
standard. No paper copy may be photocopied or reproduced in any way.
SANS 562:2013
Edition 2.1
4.8 Memory
4.8.1 The STB decoder shall have a memory capacity of
a) 64 Mbytes flash memory and
b) 256 Mbytes RAM.
security-related data, shall be stored in non-volatile
4.8.2 settings and parameters, for example
memory.
decoder dedicated for
4.8.3 There shall be at least 32 Mbytes of free flash memory in the STB
MHEG non-volatile memory
MHEO file system acceleration cache and 512 KB dedicated for the
persistent store.
flash memory in which case some parts of this
4.8.4 Manufacturers may emulate EEPROM in
(
data shall be enciphered in the NVRAM.
lowest component price
4.8.5 The memory specification has been chosen to allow for the alternative technologies,
assuming the use of NAND Flash, but manufacturers are free to propose these comply with the
such as a hybrid solution making use of NOR and WAND Flash, where
requirements of this standard.
4.9 Graphics capabilities
4.9.1 ResolutiOn
STB deooder shall include a look-up
The colour resolution shall be at least 16 bits (4:4:4:4) and the
entries.
of
256
x
24-bit
ROB
colour/transparency
table capable of storing a minimum
4.9,2 MultIple display planes
The STB decoder shall have three display planes:
(
MHEG-5 graphics and on-screen display
a) Graphics plane ("front" plane), that supports full screen
ratio, regardless of the
information. The sizing of the graphics display plane shall be a 4:3 aspect
video aspect ratio.
b) Video plane, that supports a full screen MPEG video stream or
still image.
c) Background plane ("back" plane), that comprises a single-colour
default setting of black.
(24-bit ROB) background with a
with active video. A minimum of 16
Each display plane shall have the capability of blending
individual transparency levels shall be supported.
4.10 Standby operation
4.10.1 Passive standby operation
standby mode, with the main CPU
Passive standby shall be provided and shall be the main
active.
disabled but the RCU Rx function active and the re-modulator bypass
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SANS 862:2013
Edition 2,1
4.10.2 Active standby operation
passive standby with the power requirements given in
Where it is not possible to provide a
After selecting standby, the
4,10.4(c), the STB decoder shall provide an active standby slate.
decoder shall remain in active standby for 5 mm
before switching to passive standby.
DVB-SSU (including SIB decoder control
This mode shall support the downloading of data using
information, if this capability is installed) to the STB decoder flash memory.
4,10.3 Power"Up times
The STB decoder shall generate an
message within lOs of the start of a reboot
operation confirrfliflg that the decoder is powering up.
standby operations:
The following time limits shall apply to transitions in and out of
a) 5Th decoder off to service display:
a maximum of 20 s;
b) active standby to service display:
a maximum of 5 s;
c) passive standby to service display:
a maximum of los.
4.10.4 Power consumption
maximum power consumption:
The decoder, together with its power supply, shall have the following
a) normal operation:
10W;
b) standby (active):
6 W;
c) standby (passive):
3 W.
consumption when technologically possible.
NOTE These values will be reviewed to reduce energy
4.11 Power supply
in a voltage range of 10,8 V to 14,4 V d.c. with a
The Sm decoder shall be capable of operating
Protection against overvoltage or undervoltage and
socket for connection to a 12 V d.c. source.
reversed polarity shall be incorporated.
of operating on a 230 V ac. ± 10% mains
In addition, the decoder may have the optional capability
of the manufacturer, be incorporated in
supply. The mains supply power unit may, at the discretion
the decoder.
maximum current of 100 mA suitable for
A d.c. power supply of +5 V capable of supplying a
The d.c. power
on the input RF connector.
powering an external antenna amplifier shall be available
supply shall be
RF
input.
The
d.c.
power
supply should not degrade the performance of the switch the d.c. power supply on or off via a
protected against short circuits. It shall be possible to initialization and resetting to factory default
selection In the menu structure. The default at first-time
shall be the d.c. supply switched off.
34
©SABS
standard may be made.
networking prohibited. Note that only one printout of the
© SABS. Single-user licence only: copying and
Personal Computer with access only for
for use on the local drive of
You can make one paper copy of the
Copyright protected. This standard is exclusively for Calvo Mawela of Multicliolco
internet
storage
and
access
is
permitted.
your personal lisa. No local aree network, wide area network, inlranet or photocopied or reproduced in any way.
standard. No paper copy may be
SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
4.12 tnterfaces
4.12.1 LED indications
4.12.1.1 Ri-colour LEDS
LED5 (LED1 and LED2) on the front panel.
The STB decoder shall have a minimum of two bi-colour
each other either by their physical position
The two LEDs shall be clearly distinguishable from
of a label.
(separation, left side LED and right side LED), or by means
left-hand side.
LED1 shall be defined as the power LED on the
right-hand side.
LED2 shall be defined as the status LED on the
The colours of the power LED shall be red/green.
The colours of the status LED shall he red/green.
4.12.1.2 Power LED — Red/green
The power LEO indications shall be as follows:
a) standby: red;
b) operate: green: and
(either red or green).
c) reception of RCU command: flashing single burst
4.12.1.3 Status LED
Red/green
The status LED indications shall be as follows:
a) system boot/programme
search: flashing green:
b) normal operation: continuous green;
c) fault/no signal found: continuous red;
red.
d) software download in progress: flashing
4.12.2 controls
the front panel:
The following controls shall be provided on
a) programme selector Pt and P-i
b) volume selector V+ and V—;
c) standby/on.
4.12.3 connectors
The following connectors shall be used:
complies with IEC 61169-2.
a) An RE input female connector that
35
©SABS
printout of the standard may benlade.
and networking prohibited. Note that only one
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only;
copying
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Personal Computer with access only for
for use on the local drive of your
permitted. You can make one paper copy of the
Copyright protected. This standard is exclusively for calvo Mawela of Multichoico
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storage
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is
your personal use. No local area network wide area network intranet or photocopied or reproduced in any way:
slandard. No paper copy may be
SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
61169-2.
b) An RF output male Connector that Complies with IEC
and stereo audio.
c) Colour-coded RCA sockets for composite (CVBS) video
d) A dc. power jack of length 9,5 mm, outside diameter
(00) of 5,5 mm, centre pin of 2,5 mm, and
earth.
with the centre pin as +12 V and the outer contact as
use).
e) A USB 2,0 port via a LJSB type A jack (for future
Amdt I
set).
if) HDMI — type A with I-lOOP enabled (copy never
g) S/PUIF (electrical).
The use of a 08 ac. power inlet in accordance with
the STB decoder is optional.
SANS 60320-1, if the power supply Is built into
4.12.4 identIfication
information:
The decoder shall have an external label with the following
(or both);
a) identification of the manufacturer or the supplier
14 model number of the decoder; and
-
c) serial number of tile decoder.
5 Sit decoder control
5.1 control requirements
implemented
requirements for STB decoder control shall be
The minimum hardware and software control specification for free-to-air OTT in South Africa.
in accordance with the STB decoder
specification from the incumbent terrestrial freeparties)
Manufacturers can obtain the STB decoder control
Africa
or their appointed agents (trusted third
to-air broadcasting service licensees in South
(see foreword).
5.2 Menu operation
control support, accessed from
page for STB decoder
The menu structure shall Include a dedicated
South
African OTT identification
shall contain the unique
the Main Menu page. The dedicated page
information:
number, plus headings for the following minimum
and
a) the system name: a maximum of 10 characters;
characters.
b) the software version number: a maximum of 8
53 South African OTT identification number
African OTT identification number stored securely In
Each SIB decoder shall have a unique South number shall be the same as the serial number of
fully write-protected, non-volatile memory. Thisshall be a maximum of 14 digits. The unique address
the STB decoder. The decoder serial number shall be from the most significant digit first and
comprises only 10 of the digits. Numbering
subsequently as shown in table 20.
36
©SABS
printout of the standard may be made. —
and networking prohibited. Note that only one
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only;
copying
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Multicholce for use on the local drive of your
permitted.
You can make one paper copy of the
Copyright protected. This standard is exclusively for Calve Mawela of
internet storage and access is
your personal use. No local area nelwork, wide area network. intranel or photocopied or reproduced in any way.
standard, rio paper copy may be
SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
Table 20— South African DTT Identification number
2
6
3
7
8
loll
12
13
14
South African DTT Identification number
Manufacturer's Manufacturers Transmission
model
Identification
numbers
9
number"
1st
2nd
3rd
digit
digit
digit
Unique serial
typed'
4th
5th
6th
7th
6th
9th
10th
11th 12th Check°
digit
digit
digit
digit
digit
digit
digit
digit
digit
digit
checke
digit
The format of the numbers shall be ASCII.
broadcasting service licensees (see foreword).
° The manufacturer's code is allocated by free-to-air
manufacturer.
The manufacturer's model number is selected by the
manufacturer.
The transmission type e.g. I DYF Is selected by the
The serial number Is made up of consecutive numbers.
check digit scheme.
Two check digits using an approved cyclic redundancy
6 Applications
environment
6.1 MHEG-5 interactive application
for South
mandatory requirements of the MI-lEG-b Profile
shall
implement
ali
the
The 8Th decoder
Africa.
(EPO) and cached
6.2 Electronic programme guide
applications
Next Banner.
application and shall include the Now and
broadcasting service
The EF'G shall be provided by an MHEG
by
the
PTA
broadcast object carousel
The application shall be delivered over
agents (trusted third parties) (see foreword).
licensees in South Africa or their appointed
schedule data
single press of a key on the RCU. The EPO
shalt
be
launched
by
a
current day
The EPG function
DTT PTA platform for that region for the
shall describe all the services carried on the
plus the following 7 d.
appropriate signalling is selected
a service carrying the
data. In addition,
In order to provide a timely response) when
EPG application and the EPG schedule application and
the decoder shall cache both the MHEG
and
cache
the
PPG
it may download
when the 8Th decoder is in active standby,
in
4.10.2
and
4.10.3.
schedule data as described
6.3 Secure downloads and updates
6.3.1 Support for downloads
support the over-the-air downloads of authorized
The STB decoder control function shall
software.
6.3.2 Secure download function
enhanced profile download
shall include the DVB-SSU
6.3.2.1 The STI3 decoder operating systemupdating
stored
in flash memory (a code
of any code
the
partial
or
total
function that supports
authentication by a double signature process. with
update). All downloads shall be subject to and the body responsible for the engineering channel
Amdt I
downloads signed by both the manufacturer
frequency
network.
on the DTT
prIntout oF the standard may be made.
and networking prohibited. Note that only one
licence
only;
copying
0 SABS. Single-user
Personal Computer with access only br
for use on the local drive ci your
oF the
Copyright protected. This standard is exclusively [or Calve Mawela oF Multicholco
Inlernet storage and access is pennilted. You can make one paper copy
your personal use. No local area network, wide area network, intranel or photocopied 01 reproduced in any way.
standard, No paper copy may be
SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
from any segment in the
the loader shalt be capable of starting
To support reliable downloads,
order.
Where
a
downloaded segment is
any
download, and of receiving subsequent segments in download
for that segment alone, rather than
found to contain an error, the loader shall repeat the
restart the whole process.
be approved by the free-to-air broadcasting
The download function employed In the decoder shall parties) (see foreword). The decoder shall
service licensees or their appointed agents (trusted third
power is applied or whenever the
check for the presence of an applicable code update whenever
decoder comes out of passive standby.
7 days if a check has not been triggered.
The decoder shall check for updates at least every
labelled as
6.3.2.2 An applicable code update is one that is
(
of the SIB decoder, and
a) intended for the specific hardware build
the flash
number than that of the code currently stored In
b) being a version with a later version
memory.
present an
applicable code update, the 5Th decoder shall
6.3.2.3 On detecting the presence of an
responses;
advisory message to the user and prompt one of three
a) update now;
b) update later; or
c) do not update.
update
update, the decoder shall commence the
6.3.2.4 Where the user requests an immediate
indication of its progress.
process whilst displaying a dynamic
once an
complete. the decoder shall abort the process shall be
update
process
fall
to
error
messages
6.3.2,5 Should the
of 10 mm from initiation. Unique
error is detected or after a time-out period
displayed for
data:
a) failure to complete the download of the new
b) failure of the CRC check; and
time-out period.
c) failure to complete the update within the
placed in
the decoder shall take no action until next
and
indications
shalt be
6.3.2,6 where an update is requested for later,
Advisory messages
complete
the
update
process.
standby, when it wilt first
provided to the user as In 6.3.2.3. (See also 4.10.3.)
being
standby within 24 h of an applicable code update
is
not
placed
in
03:00,
as
6.3.2.7 If an 5Th decoder
process at the following local time of
detected, the decoder shall Initiate the update
determined from the appropriate SI tables.
6.3.3 over-the-air updates
enhanced
software update mechanism (DVB-SSU
downloaded
Over-the-air updates shall use the IJVB system
SIB
decoder
shall ensure the security of
service
profile) specified in ETSI TS 102 006. The
mechanism specified by the free-to-air
Amdt I
digital
signature
data by the use of a
foreword).
licensees (see
38
©SABS
be made.
prohibited. Note that only one printout of the standard may
and networkIng
licence
only:
copying
© SABS. SIngle-user
Personal Computer with access only for
for use on the local drive of your
permitted.
You can make one paper copy of the
Copyright protected This standard is exclusively for Calvo Mawola of Muttichotce
internal storage arid access is
your personal use. No local area network, wide area network iniranet or photocopied or reproduced in any way.
standard. No papor copy may be
SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
reference which shall be used by the decoder
Each software release has a unique model or version
decoder
shall only respond to updates that contain
to establish whether it is to be downloaded. The
shall not respond to updates targeted at other
this unique identifier. In particular. the decoder
decoder models produced by the same manufacturer.
enable laboratory and field trial tests of new
The system shall allow for separate test keys todecoders.
software without affecting the in-field population of
any updates issued after
mode enabled, such that
Decoders shall be supplied with the download
part of the initial setting up
recognized
and
processed
as
the production date will immediately be
operation.
'7 User interface
The STB decoder shall imploment all the mandatory
Specification.
requirements of the OTT Free to Air User Inleffaco
Amdt I
8 Remote control unit (RCU)
8.1 Minimum functionality
8.1.1 ProtocOl
RCLJ with which the full functionality of the decoder
Each STB decoder shall be supplied with an
shall be operated.
The decoder shall use a standardized RCU protocol.
should use the NEC protocol for the RCU,
For nteroperability. the manufacturers
8.1.2 Infrared
frequency
shall be 38 kHz.
The infrared carrier frequency for the RCU
8.1.3 Keys and layout
perform the following functions by means of
8.1.3.1 It shall be possIble to
channel number by numeric keys:
the RCU:
a) enter the programme
b) access and navigate the menu structure;
and event) and programme informatiOn
c) access the EPO (Now and Next Banner
d) confirm an option selection;
(up. down, left, right);
e) control the on-screen cursor
f)
exit from the menu and information structure;
down (P+ and P—);
g) select the next service up or
h) increase or decrease the audio level;
I)
J)
restore to previous setting;
adjust the audio level to zero (mute) and
display and suppress subtitles;
©SABS
printout of the standard may be made.
and networking prohIbited. Note that only one
licence
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copying
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Computer with access only tor
use on the local drive of your Personal
You can make one paper copy of the
Copyright protected. This standard is exclusively for Celvo Mawela of Mutticholce for
storage
and
access
is
permitted.
your personal use. No local area network, wide area network, intranet or Internet
slandard. No paper copy may be photocopied or reproduced in any way.
SANS 862:2013
Edition 2,1
standby operation;
k) toggle between normal and
I)
toggle between television and radio services; and
m) provide a short cut to interactive services and overlay
text.
with the SA-MHEG profile.
8.1.3.2 The RCU shall implement all the keys in accordance
by the free-to-air broadcasters.
8.1.3.3 The design requirements for the RCU will be provided
8.1.4 Operation
8.1.4.1 Response time
system shall ensure a maximum time of
The design of the STB decoder and the RCU operating
commencement of the specified response.
100 ms between the release of the key and the
8.1.4.2 Channel entry
assigned a three-digit LCN. The RCU shall be
All television, radio and interactive services shall be
configured for three-digit LCN operation.
8.1.4.3 N-key rollover
system shall prevent unintended repeated entries.
The design of the keypad and the RCU operating completion of a key press and the recognition of
This shall include a delay of 100 ms between the
the next entry
8.2 Alternative RCU design
for those with impaired vision or impaired
Manufacturers should make available alternative RCUs
fonts,
and shaped keys).
manual dexterity (e.g. over-sized keys and character
8.3 Reliability
8.3.1 Robustness
which is
frequent usage. It shall have a robust case
The RCU shall be designed to withstand
resistant to damage when dropped onto hard surfaces.
8.3.2 Environmental
The RCU shall be designed to work in the same
and humidity) as the SIB decoder.
environmental conditions (i.e. ambient temperature
8.4 Packaging
packaging
carton as the 5Th decoder. The internal
transit.
Batteries
shall be
The RCU shall be included in the same shipping
scuffing to the RCU during
shall be sufficient to prevent any damage or
during transit.
provided separately and packaged to prevent accidental
40
©SABS
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of your Personal Computer with access
Mawela of Multicholce for use on the local drive
permitted. You can make one paper copy of the
storage
and
access
is
Copyright protected This standard is exclusively for Calvo
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wide area
reproduced in any way.
your personal use, No local area network,
standard No paper copy may he photocopied Of
SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
9 CompHance
9.1 Health and safety
shall comply with SANS 60065.
The STB decoder and all accessories
compatibility (EMC)
9.2
9.2.1 The 5Th decoder and all accessories
a) Emissions:
SANS 213;
b) Immunity:
SANS 2200.
shall comply with the following standards:
9.2.2 The following test methods shall be used:
I
a) SANS 61000-3-2;
b) SANS 61000-3-3;
c) SANS 61000-4-2:
test level (4 kV contact/S kV air);
d) SANS 61000-4-3:
test level (10 V/m);
e) SANS 61000-4-4:
test level 3;
I) SANS 61000-4-SI
test level 4;
g) SANS 61000-4-11.
9.3 Performance
and the RCU with the performance
Compliance of the STB decoder
given in SANS 894.
requirements shall be
determined using the relevant test methods
io Accessories
with the following accessories:
The 5Th decoder shall be supplied
(in the case of an external power supply).
a) 230 V ac. to 12 V d.c. converter
60799 and that incorporates a
least 1,5 m, that complies with SANS
connector
C7 that complies with
set,
of
length
at
b) Mains cord
and an appliance
with
SANS
164-1,
plug that complies
internal power supply).
SANS 60320-1 (in the case of an
doubie.Screened),
1,5 m (RG6 or equivalent
of
length
?t
least
c) RF flexible coaxial 75 0 cable,
male and one female) at either end.
fitted with TV aerial connectors (one
length al least 1,5 m. terminated with RCA
audio
cable,
of
d) Composite (CVBS) video/stereo
connectors.
"M" or
requirements in clause 8, together with
complies
with
the
e) Remote control unit (RCU), that
"AAA" sized batteries.
I) User manual.
© SASS
copying and networking
© SABS. Single-user licence only;
the standard may be mode.
prohibited. Note that only one printout of
with access only (or
Multlchoice for use on the local drive of your Personal Computer
of the
Gopyrighi protected. This standard is exclusively For Catvo Mawela oF
Internet storage and access is permitted. You can make one paper copy
network wide area network, inlranel or
your personal use. No local area
photocopied or reproduced in any way.
standard. No paper copy may be
SANS 862:2013
Edition 2.1
wiring
other official language) that contains a basic
VCR, and with
g) Quick guide (in English and at least one
installations
with
and
without
a
diagram, which shows alternative connections forthe television display.
and without baseband (video and audio) input to
ii Packaging
to protect it against possible damage during
11.1 The SIB decoder shall be securely packaged
transit.
set out in clause 10, and the following
11.2 The packaging shall contain all the accessories
of the packaging:
information which shall be visible on the outside
a) the identification of the manufacturer:
b) the model number of the decoder:
decoder.
c) the serial number of the
BibliographY
ETSI ES 202 184, MHEG-5 Broadcast Profile.
and hypennedia
Information technology — Coding of multimedia
ISO/IEC 13522-5,
applications.
Pad 5: Support for base-level interactive
grated receiver decoders for use in cable,
NorDig unified requirements for into
Unified. 2010.
and IP-besed networks. Ver 2.2.1. NorDig
information —
terrestrial
© SABS
42
and networking prohibited.
© SABS. Single-user licence only: copying
be made.
that only one prIntout of the standard may
Personal Computer with access only br
tar use on the local drive of your
permitted.
You can make one paper copy of the
Copyright protected. ThIs standard is exclusively for Calvo Mawela of Multichoice
internet storage and access is
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standard. No paper copy maybe
SASS
Standards Division
to develop promote and maintain South African
The objective of the SASS Standards Division is
Standards Act, 2008 (Act No.8 of 2008).
National Standards. This objective is incorporated in the
Amendments and Revisions
-
amendment or revision. Users of South African
South African National Standards are updated by
amendments or editions.
National Standards should ensure that they possess the latest
quality of its products and services and would
The SASS continuously strives to improve the
this standard would
or ambiguity while using
therefore be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy
which
can be found in
responsible the identity of
inform the secretary of the technical committee
the foreword.
which ensures that subscribers automatically
The SASS offers an individual notification service,
Standards.
amendments and revisions to South African National
receive notification regarding
E-mail:
Tel: +27 (0)124286883 Fax: +27 (0) 124286928
Buying Standards
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Contact the Sales Office for South African and
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6928 E-mail:
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from the SASS website
are also available online
Standards
National
South African
Information on Standards
information on both
wide range of
updating
service called
The Standards Information Centre provides a
standards. The Centre also offers an individual
regarding
national and international
notification
receive
that subscribers automatically
ensures
which
INFOPLUS,
standards.
amendments to, and revisions of, international
E-mail:
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copyright
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Standard or any other publication published by
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Standard
based on
The copyright in a South African National
of a South African
under
Standards Division vests in the SABS or, In the case
adopted
the
standard
from which the SASS
standard,
in
the
organization
obligation
to
protect
such
an international
the
agreement. In the latter case, the SASS has
retrieval
reproduced
stored
in
a
licence or membership
extract may be
copyright. Unless exemption has been granted, no without prior written permission from the SASS
in
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or
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means
system or transmitted
the free use, In the course of implementing the
Standards Division. This does not preclude
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details are to be used for any purpose other than
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Services.
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"
MINISTRY: COMMUNICATIONS
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA
Private Bag X860, Pretoria, 0001. Tel: +27124278270 Fax: *27124278115
Tel: +27 469 5223 Fax: +27 462 1646
Private Bag X9151, Cape Town, 8000
23 August 2013
Mr Imtiaz Patel
Chief Executive Officer
Multichoice
P0 Box 1502
Randburg
2125
Dear Mr Patel
Set Top Boxes Round table 10 september, 10:00, Johannesburg
As you are aware, the government sees the digital migration process of the
broadcasting services as critical in meeting a number of the country's socio-economic
needs. The digital migration process is, as you know, seen as leading to a "digital
dividend" that will enable the country to transform our communications environment
to enable faster and cheaper broadband services among other benefits.
There have been many delays in the digital migration process, and the Ministry of
Communications accepts our fair share of responsibility for the delays. But we have to
move on. We simply cannot afford any further delays! It's just not in the country's
interest.
Government is ready to move fast. But we cannot take significant steps forward
because of the differences among key stakeholders on the Set Top Boxes (STBs),
particularly whether they should have a control capability or not. To try to secure a
degree of consensus on the matter round table discussions will be held on the above
date. You are invited to send two representatives to participate in the discussions. You
will be notified of the venue shortly.
Enclosed is an outline of the process envisaged. Kindly respond to this document as
soon
as
possible.
You
can
contact me
and
through
or 012-4278000.
(I
We look forward to seeing you on the
Yours sincerely,
Yunus Carrim MP
Minister of Communications
10th
and convey good wishes.
\'
®rr, OS) )iiR)S
IN I
SNA1 tONAL
70
MO: (lien Marques, Esq.,
Electronic Media Network Proprietary Urn ited
137 I lendrik Verwoerd Drive,
Randhurg 2194,
South Africa
14 April 2015
Dear Glen
CBS licensed
p'rarjjnjjn'
loilowi rig our conversation, I am just dropping you a quick note to explain CBS's position C MNet were
to seek to license CBS progranini rig (SD and I-ID content) lbr free—to—air I near broadcast. Given that iii
Id be ci istributed free—to—air over analogue or digital
these circumstances the CBS progranirning
terrestrial networks CBS would riot require encryption of its progranim rig.
With best wishes
Michelle Payne
V ice President Regional Sales, C l3S
Stud ins International
Company
Europe, Middle East & Africa
The
Multichoice (Pty) Limited
251 Oak Avenue
Rand burg
South Africa
1p't'( toil
Date:
To whom it may concern,
programming content in the
The Walt Disney Company Limited hereby confirms that when licensing
typically require encryption of that
sub-Saharan region, including high definition content, it does not
over an analogue or digital terrestrial
content for broadcast on free-to-air
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television network.
\
Limit\d tak1s the protection of its content
Notwithstanding the toregoin4, TheWalt Disney
very seriously and considers the recjuirements
\
Yours faithfully,
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content licence
/
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a case by case basis
1
1;
/
•/
For and on behalf of the Walt Disney Company Limited
Sasha Haines
Deputy Regional Counsel
the Wait Disney company Ltd.
3 Queen
lei
Street. Harnniersnhith. LondorrW6 9PE. Un,tect i<ingdom
(0)208222
TheWait Disnay Company Limited. Registered clOse: 3 Queen Caroline Street. Ranimersnirth. London
Registered i. Errgland anti Waies, Registered No. 530001
LtStIIY
W6 9P5