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05/12/15 Inca Origins • High plateau of Andes Mountians • Settled in Valley of Cuzco • 1200 had established small kingdom 1 05/12/15 Origins • Belief that Incan ruler was descendant of the Sun God- Inti • Only men from 11 different noble lineages Empire • 1438 Pachacuti • Concurred all of Peru • 1500 empire spanned 2,500 mi along coast • 16 million people 2 05/12/15 Empire • Diplomacy and military force • Gave enemy chance to surrender Inca Government • Divided empire into units • Strong economy • Large road system • Created schools Government • Total control • Economic and social • Control of production and trade of goods 3 05/12/15 Ayllu • Extended family • Chief led family • All worked together Mita • Tribute as labor • Work for state for certain amount of years • Similar to socialism today • State took care of people in hardships Religion • Fewer gods than Aztecs • Nature spirits • Inca god of creation- Viracocha 4 05/12/15 Religion • Mamakuna • Yamacuna • Virgins of the sun • Unmarried • Trained in religious activities • Full time workers of the state • Religious activities Religion • Temple of the Sun • Cuzco religious capital in Empire • Machu Picchu Fall of the Empire • Emperor Huayna Capac dies • Empire is split between sons • Atahualpa claims to empire • Civil war follows 5 05/12/15 Fall of Inca • About this time Spanish arrive • Take advantage of weakness of Inca • Beringia- Bering Straight • “Mother Cultures” Olmec and Zapotecs • Location and geography of Olmecs and Zapotecs • Mayan, Aztecs, and Inca geography, gov’t and religion • Sacrifices of the Mayans, Aztecs, and Inca 6
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