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IJSART - volume 1 Issue
3 –MARCH 2015
ISSN [ONLINE]: 2395-1052
FOUR WHEEL STEERING SYSTEM
Mr. Swapnil A. Handgar 1, Mr. Sandesh A. Godse2, Mr. Mahesh D. Pingale 3, Mr. Mayur M. Deshmukh4,
Prof. Avinash B. Verma 5
Department of Mechanical Engineering
1, 2,3,4,5
Shree Ramchandra college of Engineering Pune, India
Abstract- in this project I would like to demonstrate major
problems which are available in steering system like under
steer, Oversteer and neutral steer. So, we think to create such
steering system which overcomes those problems. In this
project a small model is created to show how a four wheel
steering system works. Primary function of the steering
system is to achieve angular motion of the front wheels to
negotiate a turn. A system that uses all four wheels to turn a
vehicle is known as a four wheel steering. Four wheel steering
is must nowadays and is relatively a new technology that
improves maneuverability in cars, trucks, trailers etc. There
are some different steering systems like crab steer, zero
turning system and four wheel steering system. In that the
turning radius is reduced by some angle.
use in monster trucks, where maneuverability in small areas.
Intercity buses also utilize 4WS, to assist maneuverability in
bus terminals and also to improve road stability. Some of
major problem is overcome and is describe as below:
Keywords- Understeer, Oversteer, Negotiate, Maneuverability, crab
steer.
A two wheel steering system has a bigger turning
radius while in four wheels steering system has smaller. In two
wheels steering system only front wheels are turn in left/right
direction hence there is a bigger turning radius to turn a
vehicle. In four wheel steering system, front wheels are turn in
left direction while rear wheels are turn in right direction
hence there is reduced in turning radius by some angle.
I. INTRODUCTION
A four wheel steering system is developed to
overcome such problems which are available in two wheel
steering system. A steering system is created to show a actual
working of four wheel steering system. Normally, when we
drive a vehicle we face some problems like under steering,
over steering and we also have face problems in parking a
vehicle in small place, while changing lane on highways. If
four wheels steering is used then all such problems are
reduced easily. With the help of Four wheel steering system a
turning radius will reduce and it helps in parking a vehicle in
small areas and when a vehicle in traffic we can easily get our
vehicle from that. In Crab steering system all wheels are turn
in same direction like parallel so on highways we can easily
change our lane by this steering system. A four wheel steering
system doesn’t require a any extra effort. It improves
maneuverability in any vehicle.
Also there are some systems in which attendance
make some sort of easy doing it automated like RFID OR
BIOMATRIC Systems. But those are not suitable for huge
crowed also not giving 100% correctness.
Some Documents Information
developing desired system are as below:
is
useful
for
 Turning Radius:
 Understeer/Oversteer:
In two wheels steering system, while turning a vehicle
in full speed on road there are some problems like understeer,
oversteer are comes. So, when four wheel steering system is
available at that time then such problems are doesn’t exists.
[2]
III. FOUR WHEEL STEERING SYSTEM
The Four wheels steering system can be used in two
modes:
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
a) Crab turning radius mode:
In the present system all work is done on paper. We did all
calculations by our self on paper. A model of four wheel
steering system is created to test all the possible cases
available in this steering system. Four wheels steering system
is critical and it is also popular in large farm vehicles and
trucks. Some of the modern steering found it most widespread
Page | 18
In the Crab turning radius mode, where in all wheels turn in
same direction. This system is used at high speeds. This helps
reduced centrifugal force on turns and prevents skidding of
vehicle.
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IJSART - volume 1 Issue
3 –MARCH 2015
ISSN [ONLINE]: 2395-1052
Fig.1. Crab turning radius mode
b) Reduced turning radius mode :
In the Reduced turning radius mode, where in pair of wheels
turn in alter direction. This system is used at low speeds. This
enables the vehicle to turn in minimal possible space.
Fig.3. All wheel steering vehicle
Fig 2. Reduced turning radius mode
Fig.4.Worm & worm wheel gear
IV. MODEL OF FOUR WHEELS STEERING SYSTEM
V. ADVANTAGES
Four wheels steering system is as shown in figure
below. Four steering motors are used to drive a vehicle at any
direction. This model is works on 12V DC battery and a
DPDT switch. A worm and worm wheel gearbox is
manufactured and it placed on chassis where each wheel is
moved in each direction.
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1. Better steering control at high speeds on turns.
2. Lesser tyre wear.
3. Zero turning radius makes vehicle turn in minimum space.
4. Easy parking in low space conditions.
5. Both reduced turning radius and zero radius turning is
possible, Makes versatile operation.
6. Low cost of manufacturing
7. Low cost of running and maintenance.
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IJSART - volume 1 Issue
3 –MARCH 2015
ISSN [ONLINE]: 2395-1052
VI. CONCLUSION
Four wheels steering system is must nowadays. It is very
useful in low speed as well as high speeds. From four wheels
steering systems we overcomes the all problems and we get a
necessary desire output. The accuracy is maintain in this type
of steering system.
REFERENCES
[1] K. Lohith, Dr. S. R. Shankapal, M. H. Monish Gowda,
“DEVELOPMENT OF FOUR WHEEL STEERING
SYSTEM FOR A CAR”, Volume 12, Issue 1, April
2013.
[2] Md. Danish Akhtar, Global Academy of Technology,
Bangalore Vishveshvarya Technological University,
“Wheel steering System”.
[3] Unknown,
Four
wheel
steering
report,
http://www.scribd.com/doc/34677964/Four-WheelSteering-report, Retrived on 13th Sep 2012.
Page | 20
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