DISEASE STATISTICS Kidney disease is the 8TH leading cause of death in the United States.1 An estimated 31 million people in the United States (10% of the population) have chronic kidney disease (CKD). 2 9 out of 10 people who have stage 3 CKD (moderately decreased kidney function) do not know it.3 CKD is more common among women, but men with CKD are 50� more likely than women to progress to kidney failure (also called end-stage renal disease or ESRD).4 Some racial and ethnic groups are at greater risk for kidney failure. Relative to whites, the risk for African Americans is 3.8 times higher, Native Americans is 2 times higher, Asians is 1.3 times higher, and Hispanics also have increased risk, relative to non-Hispanics.5 Leading Causes of Kidney Failure 1 Diabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure. Diabetes causes 38.4% of all cases of kidney failure. In 2009 it was the primary diagnosis for 214,909 kidney failure patients. 2 An estimated 25.8 million people have diabetes; 7 million of them are undiagnosed.8 About 40% of people with diabetes will develop CKD.7 African Americans with diabetes are 2.5 to 5.6 times more likely than whites to develop kidney disease.6 Most people (69%) participating in a 2011 nationwide survey by the American Kidney Fund could not name diabetes as a leading cause of kidney disease, despite the fact that over half (55%) had a loved one with diabetes.9 2 High Blood Pressure is the 2ND leading cause of kidney failure. High blood pressure (HBP) causes 25% of all cases of kidney failure. In 2009 it was the primary diagnosis for 139,910 kidney failure patients. 2 An estimated 73 million people have HBP; 31.6% of them are undiagnosed.10 Most people (85%) participating in a 2011 nationwide survey by the American Kidney Fund could not name high blood pressure as a leading cause of kidney disease, yet most of them (75%) had a loved one with high blood pressure.9 Kidney Failure by Primary Diagnosis2 38.4% Diabetes 25% High Blood Pressure (HBP) Diabetes 38.4% High Blood Pressure 25% Glomerulonephritis 14.6% Cystic/hereditary congenital disease 7% Interstitial nephritis/ pyelonephritis 3.7% Secondary GN/vasculitis 3.2 % Kidney Failure In 2009 (the most recent statistics available), there were 116,395 new kidney failure diagnoses, 571,414 people living with kidney failure and 90,118 deaths among people with kidney failure.2 Of the 398,861 people on dialysis in 2009, 380,760 were on hemodialysis (95% of all dialysis patients) and 18,101 were on peritoneal dialysis (5% of all dialysis patients).2 Kidney Failure Treatment2 3% Peritoneal Dialysis 30% Transplant Patients 67% Hemodialysis Patients Kidney Transplants In 2009, 172,553 people were living with functional kidney transplants. As of February 2012, more than 90,000 people were on the waiting list for a kidney transplant; in 2011, about 14,000 kidney transplants were performed.11 Dialysis patients have adjusted all-cause mortality rates 6.5-7.4 times higher than the general population; the rate is 1.1-1.6 times higher for transplant patients.2 Hemodialysis Patients 67% Transplant Patients 30% Peritoneal Dialysis 3% Cost of Treating Kidney Failure In 2009, overall Medicare expenditures for people with CKD totaled $33.8 billion, of that total, expenditures for people with CKD and diabetes accounted for $18 billion.2 The savings to Medicare for each kidney disease patient who does not progress on to dialysis is estimated to be $250,000.7 Medicare Expenditures Per Patient/Per Year for Kidney Failure2 $100 K In 2009, Medicare spent $29 billion (6.7% of its total budget) on kidney failure.2 *During the year that a kidney transplant takes place, Medicare spends about $98,000 for that patient’s treatment; however, Medicare spends only $11,000 per patient, per year thereafter for the treatment of patients with functioning kidney transplants. 2 $25 K 0 Hemodialysis $50 K Transplant* $82,285 for hemodialysis patients $61,588 for peritoneal dialysis patients $29,983 for transplant patients* $75 K Peritoneal Dialysis Treatment costs to Medicare per patient, per year in 2009 were:2 References 1 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2009). Leading Causes of Death. Retrieved from www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/lcod.htm 2 US Renal Data System (2011). USRDS 2011 Annual Data Report: Atlas of Chronic Kidney Disease and End-Stage Renal Disease in the United States. National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease. Bethesda, MD 3 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2011). Kidney Disease. Retrieved from www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/kidbladd.htm 4 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2010). National Chronic Kidney Disease Fact Sheet. Retrieved from www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pubs/factsheets/kidney.htm 5 National Kidney Disease Education Program (2011). Health Professionals: Chronic Kidney Disease Information. Retrieved from www.nkdep.nih.gov/professionals/ chronic_kidney_disease.htm#riskfactors 6 American Diabetes Association. Living With Diabetes, African Americans & Complications. Retrieved from www.diabetes.org/ living-with-diabetes/complications/african-americans-and-complications.html 7 Diabetes Leadership Initiative (2012). Addressing a Major Complication of Diabetes to Reduce Health Care Costs. National Association of Chronic Disease Directors . Atlanta, GA. 8 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2011) National Diabetes Fact Sheet 9 American Kidney Fund (2011) Pair Up Survey 10 National Stroke Association (2012). High Blood Pressure (Hypertension). Retrieved from www.stroke.org/site/PageServer ?pagename=HighBloodPressure 11 Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (2012). Retrieved from optn.transplant.hrsa.gov/data © 2012 American Kidney Fund 08/12