Native Plants for Riparian Buffers in Georgia`s Coastal Plain
EcoScapes Conservation Landscaping Program Native Plants for Riparian Buffers in Georgia’s Coastal Plain Plant Choice Considerations This Georgia coastal plain native plant riparian buffer list consists of native plants that have been reported by various sources to provide valuable riparian buffer native plant vegetation. Although these plants provide numerous benefits of being native plants (e.g., reduced water needs, reduced fertilizer and pesticide use, etc.), new plantings will require regular irrigation for six weeks to six months or more before they become established. Trees larger than two inches caliper width will take longer to establish. Although native plants have evolved to local conditions, plants of any species must be allowed time to become fully established in a landscape before all of its native plant features will be evident. All plants need water while establishing their root system and during periods of extended drought. Root establishment can take from months to one to several years, depending on the original size of the plant. Larger plants will take longer to establish. Although the plants provided in the list below may be native to the coastal plain region of Georgia, individual plants may not grow everywhere in the region. In addition, the characteristics of any site will typically vary from place to place and some plants may do better than others at various places within a site. Putting plants in the right places is the key to ensuring they survive and remain healthy in your landscape. When selecting plants from this list, remember that many factors determine the suitability of a plant for a particular location. Consider light requirements, local climate, soil type, moisture, adaptability, hardiness, heat tolerance, and other factors. All plants listed are suited to the USDA Hardiness Zone 8. Please check to see if your zone falls within the 8a or 8b hardiness zone and then choose plants accordingly. Choose native plants that match and thrive under the conditions in your landscape and you will have a EcoScapes riparian buffer landscape! You will reduce the need for water, fertilizers, pesticides, and pruning while providing valuable wildlife habitat. Properly fit the plant to your site and local climate and you will have a beautiful riparian buffer landscape! For more information regarding Georgia’s coastal plain native plants, to utilize the University of Georgia Marine Extension Service/Bugwood EcoScapes Coastal Plains Native Plant search engine, or how to further protect water quality and wildlife habitat, go to the EcoScapes website: www.marex.uga.edu/ecoscapes. Georgia Coastal Plain Native Plants For Riparian Buffer Restoration Trees Acer barbatum Acer rubrum Aesculus pavia Betula nigra Carya alba Carya aquatica Carya cordiformis Carya glabra Carya ovata Castanea pumila Catalpa bignonioides Celtis laevigata Celtis occidentalis Chamaecyparis thyoides Diospyros virginiana Fagus grandifolia Gleditsia triacanthos Ilex opaca Juglans nigra Liquidambar styraciflua Liriodendron tulipifera Magnolia grandiflora Nyssa aquatica Nyssa biflora Nyssa ogeche Nyssa sylvatica Oxydendron arboreum Pinus clausa Pinus echinata Pinus elliottii Pinus glabra Pinus serotina Pinus taeda Platanus occidentalis Populus deltoides Populus heterophylla Prunus americana Quercus alba Quercus falcata Quercus incana southern sugar maple red maple red buckeye river birch mockernut hickory water hickory bitternut hickory pignut hickory shagbark hickory chinkapin southern catalpa sugarberry common hackberry Atlantic white cedar common persimmon American beech honeylocust American holly black walnut sweetgum tulip tree southern magnolia water tupelo swamp tupelo Ogeechee tupelo blackgum sourwood sand pine shortleaf pine slash pine spruce pine pond pine loblolly pine American sycamore eastern cottonwood swamp cottonwood American plum white oak southern red oak bluejack oak Quercus laevis Quercus laurifolia Quercus lyrata Quercus margarettae Quercus marilandica Quercus michauxii Quercus nigra Quercus pagoda Quercus phellos Quercus shumardii Quercus stellata Quercus velutina Quercus virginiana Robinia pseudoacacia Sabal palmetto Taxodium ascendens Taxodium distichum Tilia americana Ulmus alata Ulmus americana turkey oak laurel oak overcup oak runner oak blackjack oak swamp chestnut oak water oak cherrybark oak willow oak Shumard’s oak post oak blackoak live oak black locust cabbage palm pond cypress bald cypress American basswood winged elm American elm Small Trees Amelanchier arborea Amelanchier canadensis Asimina triloba Carpinus carolinana Cercis canadensis Chionanthus virginicus Cornus amomum Cornus florida Cornus foemina Crataegus crus-galli Crataegus flava Cyrilla racemiflora Fraxinus americana Fraxinus caroliniana Fraxinus pennsylvanica Fraxinus profunda Gordonia lasianthus Halesia carolina Ilex coriacea Ilex decidua Ilex verticillata Ilex vomitoria Juniperus virginiana Magnolia virginiana common serviceberry Canadian serviceberry pawpaw American hornbeam eastern redbud white fringetree silky dogwood flowering dogwood stiff dogwood cockspur hawthorn yellow hawthorn swamp titi white ash Carolina ash green ash pumkin ash loblolly bay Carolina silverbell large gallberry possumhaw common winterberry yaupon holly eastern redcedar sweetbay Morus rubra Ostrya virginiana Persea borbonia Persea palustris Prunus angustifolia Prunus caroliniana Prunus serotina Salix caroliniana Salix nigra Sassafras albidum Ulmus rubra red mulberry hophornbeam redbay swamp bay Chickasaw plum Carolina laurelcherry black cherry coastal plain willow black willow sassafras red elm Shrubs Alnus serrulata Amorpha fruticosa Baccharis halimifolia Callicarpa americana Ceonothus americanus Cephalanthus occidentalis Clethra alnifolia Cornus amomum Cyrilla racemiflora Erythrina herbacea Eubotrys racemosa Eunonymus americanus Fothergilla gardenii** Gaylussacia frondosa Hamamelis virginiana Ilex cassine Ilex glabra Ilex vomitoria Illicium floridanum** hazel alder desert false indigo eastern baccharis American beautyberry New Jersey tea common buttonbush coastal sweetpepperbush silky dogwood swamp titi redcardinal swamp doghobble bursting-heart dwarf witch alder** blue huckleberry America witchhazel dahoon holly inkberry yaupon holly Florida anisetree** ** PLEASE NOTE!! Fothergillia gardenii and Illicium floridanum are protected plants in Georgia. Before choosing either of these shrubs for planting, please take great care to assure that your conditions are appropriate for the necessary requirements and needs of these rare and protected plants. Itea virginica Iva frutescens Leucothoe axillaris Lindera benzoin Lyonia ferruginea Lyonia ligustrina Lyonia lucida Morella caroliniensis Virginia sweetspire Jesuit’s bark coastal doghobble northern spicebush rusty staggerbush maleberry fetterbush lyonia southern bayberry Morella cerifera Osmanthus americanus Photinia pyrifolia Rhododendron atlanticum Rhododendron canescens Rhododendron periclymenoides Rhododendron viscosum Rhus copallinum Rosa carolina Rosa palustris Rubus cuneifolius Sabal minor Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis Serenoa repens Stewartia malachodendron** wax myrtle devilwood red chokeberry dwarf azalea mountain azalea pink azalea swamp azalea winged sumac Carolina rose swamp rose (subshrub) sand blackberry (subshrub) dwarf palmetto American black elderberry saw palmetto silky camellia** ** PLEASE NOTE!! Stewartia malachodendron is a protected plant in Georgia. Before choosing this shrub for planting, please take great care to assure that your conditions are appropriate for the necessary requirements and needs of this rare and protected plant. Styrax grandifolius Symplocos tinctoria Vaccinium arboreum Vaccinium corymbosum Vaccinium crassifolium Vaccinium elliottii Vaccinium stamineum Viburnum dentatum Viburnum nudum Viburnum prunifolium Viburnum rufidulum Xanthorhiza simplicissima bigleaf snowbell common sweetleaf farkleberry highbush blueberry creeping blueberry Elliott’s blueberry deerberry southern arrowwood possumhaw blackhaw rusty blackhaw yellowroot Cactus and Succulents Yucca aloifolia Yucca filamentosa aloe yucca Adam’s needle Perennials Asclepias tuberosa Coreopsis gladiata Coreopsis lanceolata Glandularia canadensis Helianthus angustifolius butterfly milkweed coastal plain tickseed lanceleaf tickseed rose mock vervain swamp sunflower Hibiscus moscheutos Iris virginica Kosteletzkya virginica Liatris spicata Oenothera drummondii Oenothera speciosa Phlox carolina Rudbeckia hirta Rudbeckia fulgida Salvia coccinea Salvia lyrata Solidago sempervirens crimsoneyed rosemallow Virginia iris Virginia saltmarsh mallow dense blazing star beach evening primrose pinkladies thickleaf phlox blackeyed Susan orange coneflower blood sage lyreleaf sage seaside goldenrod Grasses and Sedges Andropogon gerardii Andropogon glomeratus Andropogon virginicus Arundinaria gigantea Chasmanthium latifolium Chasmanthium laxum Chasmanthium sessiliflorum Eragrostis spectabilis Muhlenbergia filipes Panicum amarum Panicum anceps Panicum virgatum Rhynchospora colorata Rhynchospora latifolia Schizachyrium scoparium Sorghastrum nutans Tridens flavus Tripsacum dactyloides Uniola paniculata** big bluestem bushy bluestem broomsedge bluestem giant cane Indian woodoats slender woodoats longleaf woodoats purple lovegrass gulfhairawn muhly bitter panicgrass beaked panicgrass switchgrass starrush whitetop sandswamp whitetop little bluestem Indiangrass purpletop tridens eastern gamagrass seaoats** **PLEASE NOTE!! Uniola paniculata is a protected plant in Georgia for its important role in beach ecosystems and shoreline stabilization. It is against Georgia law to collect the plant or its seeds from the wild. Vines Bignonia capreolata Gelsemium sempervirens Parthenocissus quinquefolia crossvine evening trumpetflower Virginia creeper Ground Covers Mitchella repens partridgeberry EcoScpaes Conservation Landscaping Program (formerly CoastScapes) www.marex.uga. edu/ecoscapes (www.coastscapes.org) Acknowledgements Written by Keren Giovengo, Program Manager Ecoscapes Conservation Landscaping Program. Layout and design by Greg Evans, Coastal Resources Specialist for EcoScapes. This document was prepared by the University of Georgia Marine Extension Service under grant award #NA08NOS4190461 from the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The statements, findings, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of OCRM or NOAA. The Coastal Management and Coastal Nonpoint Programs of the Georgia Department of Natural Resources and the U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration grant award #NA08NOS4190461 served as a partial source of funding for the development of this document.
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