WATER TREATMENT SOLUTIONS USING CHLORINE DIOXIDE Superior Biocide, 100% kill of microorganisms Cost-effective, at or below cost of traditional solutions EPA* registered Green solution *Environmental Protection Agency Bosque’s DIONIX™ System Bosque’s DIONIX™ system produces high purity chlorine dioxide through the controlled reaction of sodium chlorite, hydrochloric acid, and potable water. Chlorine dioxide is used in many industrial water treatment applications as a biocide. It is less corrosive than chlorine and superior for the control of legionella bacteria. One of the primary benefits of using chlorine dioxide is that it reacts less with organic matter present in the water, thus minimizing the formation of trihalomethanes. DIONIX’s™ two precursor system is the safest way to generate chlorine dioxide on-site. Why Water Treatment? Water is an essential component for oil and natural gas production during both the drilling and hydraulic fracturing processes. Most of this water comes from surface water sources such as area lakes, ponds, rivers, and municipal supplies. Historically, the water used in drilling and hydraulic fracturing has been a one-time use. Water recycling (produced and flowback) became an important topic because of the increase in oil and gas production in North America, coupled with fresh water shortages. With recent droughts over the previous 5 years, oil and natural gas operators have been seeking alternative sources of water to be used in aiding their production to minimize their ecological impacts. Hydrogen Sulfide Related Problems Hydrogen sulfide, or H2S, is an ever-increasing problem for natural gas and oil producers and their workers. H2S is water soluble – H2S will mix into a solution with water, and will be carried to the surface in produced water and drilling mud. Because of its characteristics, H2S is a very toxic contaminant that can harm workers and prevent full performance of wells. Bacteria Related Problems • Aerobes: bacteria that “breathe” O2 are a common corrosion-causing factor resulting in biogenic sulfide corrosion. • APB: Acid Producing Bacteria “breathe” O2, other inorganic molecules, and carbon. It produces organic acids by fermentation. • SRB: Sulfate Reducing Bacteria utilizes organic acids (rather than oxygen) to reduce sulfate to sulfide (i.e. H2S). This causes corrosion, souring, and iron sulfide formation Benefits Bosque’s DIONIX™ system produces high purity chlorine dioxide. Benefits include: • EPA approved biocide for bacteria treatment in water • Effective, fast-reacting biocide that is environmentally friendly and has a longer residual than traditional bleach based biocides • DIONIX™'s process is the safest way of generating chlorine dioxide on site, with numerous safety shutdown components and procedures • Two precursor chemical design utilizes less harmful chemicals and is more cost-effective than traditional solutions and other chlorine dioxide systems • Convenient and mobile 30' DIONIX™ trailer allows for small footprint on pad site. The DIONIX™ system is also available as a stationary unit for treating Saltwater Disposal Facilities and reserve pits. 5NaClO2 + 4HCl Sodium Chlorite Hydrochloric Acid = 4ClO2 + 5NaCl + 2H2O Chlorine Dioxide Salt Water These elements react in a “column” under a strong vacuum created by water flowing through an educator. The chlorine dioxide formed within the column is subsequently combined with the flowing water stream, where it becomes a dissolved gas in the water at a safe working concentration level according to the demand tests for each operator. Chlorine dioxide is an extremely effective biocide, yet safe to handle and apply as either a liquid treatment agent or gas. Bosque’s DIONIX System Specifications • Capabilities: Up to 500 bpm flow rate (when the 2 generators are used simultaneously) • Control: Touch screen control panels and automatic monitoring both before and after treatment of ClO2 levels in water. The system is able to run in full auto or manual modes • Power: Mobile unit powered by diesel generator • Programmable Logic Controller: Multiple system monitors and automatic shut-down safety features throughout process • Redundancy: The system has two (2) chlorine dioxide generators for redundancy and maximum generation of chlorine dioxide Key Performance Indicator Report Your dedicated Bosque Systems sales representative and our technical services team will meet with you on a monthly basis to review our performance and provide recommendations and solutions. As part of our service commitment and dedication, Bosque Systems believe that we have the responsibility to stand behind our performance and report back to our customers our results and achievements. Building relationships into partnerships based on trust is our aim! Indicators • Total barrels treated per stage and the entire job • Cost review for frac stage, job, and total • Bottle turns for each stage, and job whether at a pre-treated location, after-treatment, at the tanks or at the blender • Show our ClO2 analyzer set points and ClO2 residuals to showcase how we are treating cost-efficiently • CIO2 calculator for frac disclosures We do this on a well basis, so our customers can review the efficiency of our solutions over the entire spectrum of usage. Bosque Systems’ environmentally responsible practices ensure that throughout the recovery, transportation, storage, and handling process of the flowback and produced water, the potential contamination is reduced to a minimum. Strong standards and control methods are in place in order to eliminate the risk for the environment, our employees, and the local population. This represents Bosque’s commitment to quality services and infrastructure, making the difference for future generations. www.bosquesystems.com © 2013 Bosque Systems, LLC All Rights Reserved. Printed in the USA INSDIO 06-13 Bosque Systems, LLC’s products and services are subject to continuous improvements. Bosque Systems, LLC reserves the right to modify product design, specifications, and information in this brochure without notice and without incurring any obligations.