Where Did My Lost Water Go?
Where Did My Lost Water Go? Justin Mahon March 19, 2015 Imagine the2015 result 1 6 March © 2013 ARCADIS Learning Objectives • Basics of Non-Revenue Water • Business drivers for managing NRW • Actions implementable by medium sized utilities • Lessons learned 2 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS Agenda • What is Non-Revenue Water? • Business Drivers for NRW Reduction • Actions Taken • Results Obtained • Take Home Messages 3 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS What is Non-Revenue Water? 4 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS NRW Concept NRW is the difference between the volume of water put into the distribution system and the amount of water actually billed to customers. Water Production Water Distribution Metering and Billing Revenue $$$ 5 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS What is Non-Revenue Water? Water Exported Billed Water Exported Authorized Consumption Own Sources Billed Authorized Consumption Billed Metered Consumption Billed Unmetered Consumption Total System Input Water Supplied Water Imported Water Losses Unbilled Authorized Consumption Unbilled Metered Consumption Apparent Losses Unauthorized Consumption Unbilled Unmetered Consumption Customer Metering & Data Inaccuracies Leakage on Mains Real Losses Leakage on Service Lines (before the meter) Leakage & Overflows at Storage Standard Water Balance Diagram (Ref. IWA/AWWA) 6 Revenue Water 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS NonRevenue Water Business Drivers for NRW Reduction 7 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS Benefits of Water Accountability Improved Water Accountability can: • Raise revenue • Reduce avoidable collateral impacts of leakage • Promote collaboration among departments • Support Effective Utility Management • Lower water supply and delivery costs • Support Community Sustainability through water use efficiency 8 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS Sustainable Infrastructure: Federal Guidance EPA’s Four Pillars of Sustainable Infrastructure - EPA believes that the following practices will help utilities to operate more sustainably: 1. 2. 3. 4. 9 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS Full Cost Pricing Better Management Efficient Water Use Watershed Approaches 10 Attributes of Effectively Managed Water Utilities • Utilities use EUM attributes as a flexible framework to set goals and service levels, to monitor and measure progress, and to recognize success. • NRW Management enhances all of these attributes, some directly • EUM Initiative is a basis for AMWA’s annual recognition program 10 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS NRW Management Enhances the “Triple Bottom Line” NRW Management Helps optimize economic, social, and environmental performance “Providing an adequate and reliable water supply of desired quality - now and for future generations in a manner that integrates economic growth, environmental protection and social development” (AWWA) Triple Bottom Line 11 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS QualServe Benchmarking Performance Indicators • Service affordability • System Renewal and Replacement rate • Distribution system integrity • Distribution system water loss • Existing water demand • Available future water supply • O&M cost ratios Triple bottom line index Also: Return on assets, and cash reserves, others 12 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS Actions 13 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) • 1,560 Replacement Meters w/ Radios • 1,624 Conversions to Radios • 138 New and Replacement • 1,486 Older Than 7 Years Remaining • Most Tested Meters w/i One Percent • Digital Data 14 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS Million gallons/month Track NRW 15 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS Percent NRW Track NRW 16 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS 2011 Water Audit • NRW 36% • Priorities - Test master meters - Use master meter data - Evaluate water use by customer block 17 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS Leak Detection • Customer Notifications • 1/3 Direct Contract 14 Leaks 25 Gallons per Minute (0.25 to 8) $26,000 Annual Savings ROI 0.6 years to 19 years • 2/3 Consultant Subcontract Zero Leaks 18 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS Master Meter Accuracy • Primary Entry Point -Propeller meter w/ factory calibrated internals installed in 2011. -Registers between 100 and 101 percent -No evidence of trapped air or solids • Other Entry Points -10+ years since calibration or -Unmetered normally closed • Utility Pump Stations -10+ years since calibration 19 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS 2014 Water Audit PERFORMANCE INDICATORS Financial Indicators Non-revenue water as percent by volume of Water Supplied: Non-revenue water as percent by cost of operating system: Annual cost of Apparent Losses: Annual cost of Real Losses: 27.2% 11.4% $33,900 $224,260 Operational Efficiency Indicators Apparent Losses per service connection per day: 3.84 gallons/connection/day Real Losses per service connection per day*: 97.07 gallons/connection/day Real Losses per length of main per day*: N/A 1.39 gallons/connection/day/psi Real Losses per service connection per day per psi pressure: Unavoidable Annual Real Losses (UARL): 22.93 million gallons/year From Above, Real Losses = Current Annual Real Losses (CARL): 111.96 million gallons/year ? Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) [CARL/UARL]: ? 4.88 * only the most applicable of these two indicators will be calculated WATER AUDIT DATA VALIDITY SCORE: *** YOUR SCORE IS: 69 out of 100 *** A weighted scale for the components of consumption and water loss is included in the calculation of the Water Audit Data Validity Score PRIORITY AREAS FOR ATTENTION: Based on the information provided, audit accuracy can be improved by addressing the following components: 1: Water imported 2: Customer metering inaccuracies 3: Unauthorized consumption 20 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS For more information, click here to see the Grading Matrix worksheet Audit Validity Score Focus 21 Level III (Validity Score 51-70) Audit Data Collection Establish/revise procedures for data collection Short-term Loss Control Establish mechanisms for customer meter accuracy testing, active leak control and infrastructure monitoring Long-term Loss Control Begin to assemble business case for long-term needs based on improved data becoming available Target-setting Establish long term apparent and real loss reduction goals Benchmarking Use Infrastructure Leakage Index for performance comparisons for real losses. 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS Audit Recommendations 22 Area Action Imported Water • Adequate meters on all imported water interconnections • Annual meter accuracy testing • Repair or replace meters outside of +/- 6% accuracy Customer Meter Inaccuracies • Test a statistically significant number of meter makes/models • Replace significant number of poor performing meters annually Unauthorized consumption • Ensure that all known occurrences are outlawed and penalized • Create written procedures for use and documentation of various occurrences as they are uncovered 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS Plans 23 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS Meters • Locate older meters • Confirm unserved properties have alternate water supplies • Compile water usage for all customers annually. • Compile the total volume delivered through each meter • Report zero reads monthly • Revise monthly read list • Review the meters serving the 30 largest users 24 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS Meters continued • Test larger meters to establish replacement frequency • Test master meters every five years. • Test approximately five percent of the meters in each age cohort • Budget for replacing meters • Budget for the replacing batteries. Coordinate budget with the probable cost of the technology being considered • Use Water Meters-Selection, Installation, Testing, and Maintenance (AWWA M6) and Sizing Water Service Lines and Meters (AWWA M22). 25 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS Loss Control • Field check for unauthorized consumption (2014 audit used 0.25 percent default value). - Potential unmetered users and - Users having consumption much lower than comparable similar users • Fix active leaks; for example locate and eliminate the source of chlorinated water found in the abandoned chemical feed vault at the former filter plant. 26 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS Loss Control continued • Monitor infrastructure: Verify that fire hydrants are not leaking during semi annual flushing Verify annually that unmetered interconnections are not leaking. Repeat leak detection surveys Meter private water main extensions Verify that services have been properly abandoned Utilize the Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) to assess potential initiatives 27 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS Managing NRW is Complicated • NRW is complicated because information is spread across disparate systems in different formats • Technology can help the decision making process • Prioritize activities to increase ROI • Reduce costs and increase efficiency • Reduce Leaks • Maximize resources • Conserve Energy 28 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS Reporting 29 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS Parting Words "Measurement is the first step that leads to control and eventually to improvement. If you can't measure something, you can't understand it. If you can't understand it, you can't control it. If you can't control it, you can't improve it." H. James Harrington 30 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS Learning Objectives • Explain basics of Non-Revenue Water • Identify the business drivers for managing NRW • List steps in the information supply chain from meter to revenue • Recognize how information technology can help optimize utility operations, including NRW 31 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS Questions? 32 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS Imagine the result 33 6 March 2015 © 2013 ARCADIS
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