Consultative Committees in the European Union No Vote – No Influence? Diana Panke, Christoph Hönnige and Julia Gollub © Diana Panke, Christoph Hönnige and Julia Gollub 2015 First published by the ECPR Press in 2015 Cover Image © ShutterStock 89530405 The ECPR Press is the publishing imprint of the European Consortium for Political Research (ECPR), a scholarly association, which supports and encourages the training, research and cross-national co-operation of political scientists in institutions throughout Europe and beyond. ECPR Press Harbour House Hythe Quay Colchester CO2 8JF United Kingdom All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. 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Contents List of Figures and Tables vii Abbreviations and Acronyms xi Preface Chapter One – Introduction Chapter Two – Consultative Committees in the EU xiii 1 15 Chapter Three – Three Empirical Puzzles: The Influence of Consultative Committees 27 Chapter Four – A Sender-Receiver Model: Exchanging Information and Legitimacy for Influence 43 Chapter Five – Quantitative Analysis 63 Chapter Six – Three Case Studies 89 Chapter Seven – Conclusions 161 Appendices 179 Bibliography 211 Index 227 List of Figures and Tables Figures Figure 2.1: The CoR and the EESC in EU decision-making 18 Figure 3.1: Influence on receiver and the final policy outcome for extent and importance of changes 32 Figure 3.2: Histograms: Influence on receivers 33 Figure 3.3: Histograms: Influence on the final policy outcome 33 Figure 3.4: Influence of CoR and EESC by receiver 37 Figure 3.5: Influence of CoR and EESC by receiver (means) 38 Figure 3.6: Influence of CoR and EESC by type of initiative 39 Figure 3.7: Influence of CoR and EESC by type of initiative (means) 39 Figure 4.1: A general sender-receiver model of the role of consultative committees 48 Figure 6.1: Timeline of the decision-making process of the ECI regulation 105 Figure 6.2: Timeline of the decision-making process of the third postal directive 129 Figure 6.3: Timeline of the decision-making process of the EGTC regulation 148 Figure 6.4: Timeline of the decision-making process of the amendment of the EGTC 157 Figure 7.1: Summary of findings 170 Appendix D: Quantitative Analysis – OLOGIT Models 1–8 effect plots 195 viii Consultative Committees in the European Union Tables Table 2.1: Typology of committees 17 Table 2.2: Formal involvement of the CoR and EESC in EU legislation 2004–2010 21 Table 2.3: Delivery rates for opinions of CoR and EESC 2004–2010 (type of legislation) 23 Table 2.4: Delivery rates for opinions of CoR and EESC 2004–2010 (type of initiative) 25 Table 3.1: Pairwise correlations between variants of the dependent variable 35 Table 4.1: Overview of the hypotheses 59 Table 5.1: The complete sender-receiver model 65 Table 5.2: The sender-receiver model split into senders and receivers 77 Table 5.3: CoR and EESC models 81 Table 5.4: EP and Council models 83 Table 6.1: Characteristics of the case studies 90 Table 6.2: Amendments suggested by the EESC and the CoR (ECI) 93 Table 6.3: Reflection of the CoR’s recommendations in the final policy (ECI) 97 Table 6.4: Reflection of the EESC’s recommendations in the final policy (ECI) 101 Table 6.5: Reflection of the EESC and CoR amendments in the final policy (ECI) 103 Table 6.6: Amendments suggested by the EESC and the CoR (Postal) 117 Table 6.7: Reflection of the EESC’s recommendations in the final policy (Postal) 118 List of Figures and Tables ix Table 6.8: Reflection of the CoR’s recommendations in the final policy (Postal) 122 Table 6.9: Reflection of the CoR’s and EESC’s amendments in the final policy (Postal) 128 Table 6.10: Amendments suggested by the EESC and the CoR (EGTC) 140 Table 6.11: Reflection of the CoR’s recommendations in the final policy (EGTC) 141 Table 6.12: Reflection of the EESC’s recommendations in the final policy (EGTC) 145 Table 6.13: Reflection of the CoR’s and EESC’s amendments in the final policy (EGTC) 147 Table 7.1: Overview of findings 166 Appendix A: Quantitative Analysis – Descriptive Statistics 179 Appendix B: Quantitative Analysis – OLS Regressions 181 Appendix C: Quantitative Analysis – OLOGIT Models with DV2 190
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