Key Links Writing
What is Key Links Writing? Key Links Writing • Key Links Writing is designed for beginning writers: Foundation to Year 2 • It is designed to give them the skills to: – compose or create original text in writing – make the “head to page” trip using three roles: PLANNING THINKING WRITING Three writing roles Plan topic, ideas, vocabulary, audience, purpose Think in sentences using the plan Write (scribe), review and edit sentences Beginning writing – Foundation-Year 2 Teaching Writing Assessing Writing Key Links Writing Tools TOOLS for Teaching Writing WHAT TO TEACH Writing Targets HOW TO TEACH Writing Approaches TOOLS for Assessing Writing • Feedback student’s writing • Focused teaching • Assess for development WHAT TO TEACH Teacher Tools Key Links Writing Targets x 3 – Based on Australian Curriculum: English • Foundation, Year 1, Year 2 – Targets for: • Deeper features – working with the meaning • Surface features – conventions • Process HOW TO TEACH Teacher Tools Key Links Writing Approaches Cards – Sample lessons • • • • Modelled Writing Shared Writing Mirrored Writing Guided Writing – Based on shift in writing roles from teacher to student Writing Approaches Gradual Release of Responsibility Model Pearson and Gallagher 1983 High High Student Responsibility Teacher Responsibility Low Low BY STUDENTS TO STUDENTS WITH STUDENTS Modelled Shared Mirrored Guided Independent Writing Writing Writing Writing Writing MODELLED WRITING Explicit teacher demonstration – small group Teacher’s role Students’ role • Plan topic, audience, purpose, ideas, vocabulary • Think in sentences • Write and review sentences IDEA SEED Each lesson starts with an “idea seed”: - point of discussion - source of ideas - establishes topic Sample IDEA SEEDS, such as this one, are included in the Key Links Writing box. MODELLED WRITING Beginning of sample lesson Teacher defines topic, audience and purpose. Makes and labels plan TEACHER I’m going to write a description of this lion for you. STUDENT I could describe its teeth mouth The teeth look sharp and pointy. Teacher thinks of ideas and vocabulary. Thinks aloud in sentences Teacher writes text. Thinks aloud while writing I’m going to write The lion has pointy teeth. Watch me write it. I start with a capital letter to begin my sentence. Watch me write The The You write The on the floor I leave a space. Now I’ll write lion. It starts with l. The lion The HOW TO TEACH Modelled Writing Cards 12 sample topics • some focused on text-type, others on the craft of writing • • • • • • • Recount x 2 Opinion x 2 Description x 1 Report x 1 A Moment in Time x 2 Using the Senses x 2 Show Don’t Tell x 2 The cards are designed to provide sample lessons for teachers that they can replicate on other topics. HOW TO TEACH Modelled Writing Cards Topics have sample lessons at three curriculum levels of the Australian Curriculum: English: • Foundation, Year 1, Year 2 NOTE: In the sample of Red Shoes below, you can see how the plan (and also the rest or the lesson) becomes more challenging across the curriculum year levels. SHARED WRITING Joint writing based on a common experience – whole class Teacher’s role Students’ role • Plan topic, audience, purpose, ideas, vocabulary • Think in sentences • Write in sentences and review sentences SHARED WRITING – based on common experience Beginning of sample lesson TEACHER Let’s write a description of this lion for our class. Teacher defines topic, audience and What could we describe? purpose. Makes and labels plan based on students’ ideas teeth Students think of ideas, vocabulary and “think in sentences”. teeth, mouth mouth What words could describe the teeth? pointy, sharp, big How could we write that in a sentence? The lion has big, pointy teeth. Watch me write it. I start with a capital letter to begin my sentence. Watch me write The The Teacher writes text. Thinks aloud while writing STUDENTS I leave a space. Now I’ll write lion. It starts with l. The lion HOW TO TEACH Shared Writing Cards 6 sample topics • some focused on text-type, others on the craft of writing • • • • Narrative x 2 Character description x 2 Factual description Procedure To ensure students share a common experience, visual Idea Seeds for each sample lesson are included in the Key Links Writing Box. HOW TO TEACH Shared Writing Cards Each Shared Writing sample lesson includes: • Visual idea seed • Sample of possible teacher – student discussion The Shared Writing cards are designed to give teachers several sample lessons. Teachers may use these as the basis of their own lessons. MIRRORED WRITING Teacher as author and scribe Students practise writing correct conventions Teacher Students • Plans topic, audience, purpose, ideas, vocabulary • Thinks in sentences • Write and review sentences MIRRORED WRITING – focus on conventions Beginning of sample lesson TEACHER Let’s write a description of this lion for ourselves. STUDENTS Teacher defines topic, audience and We could describe purpose. Makes and labels plan. teeth Teacher thinks of sentence. Students think in a sentence. Teacher writes word by word. Students “mirror” what teacher is writing. mouth We could write The lion has big teeth. Watch me write the first word. I start with a capital letter to begin my sentence. T h e The Now you write The The I leave a space before I write lion. Now I’ll write lion. It starts with l, then i o n Now you leave a space and write lion like me. The lion The lion HOW TO TEACH Mirrored Writing Cards Focus on concepts of print and beginning writing conventions • Visual idea seed • Two samples of step-by-step approach used in mirrored writing The Mirrored Writing cards are samples of focused writing lessons used to teach conventions. GUIDED WRITING Teacher prompts Students plan, think and write Teacher’s role Students’ role • Plan topic, audience, purpose, ideas, vocabulary • Think in sentences • Write and review sentences GUIDED WRTING Beginning of sample lesson TEACHER Tell me what you’re going to write Teacher asks student about about the topic and plan. What are you going to describe? STUDENT The lion It’s teeth teef Teachers prompt the student about their ideas and thinking of their ideas in sentences. The student writes the text. What words might you use to describe the teeth? big, sharp Can you think of a sentence to start with? The lion has big teeth. What do you have to remember at the beginning of your sentence? Use a capital letter What do you do after the first word? OK. Off you go. Leave a space The linn has big teef HOW TO TEACH Guided Writing Cards Teachers prompt students about their plans and ideas for writing • Three guided writing cards • Sample prompts to use depending on students’ writing targets. The Guided Writing cards are samples of prompts teachers might use with individual students as they write. HOW TO TEACH Teacher Tools Key Links Writing Approaches Cards – Sample lessons Modelled Writing Shared Writing Mirrored Writing Guided Writing Students Write Independently Teacher Student Modelled Shared Mirrored Guided Independent Writing INDEPENDENT WRITING Student Tools • Idea Seeds • My Writing book – Five senses – My Writing Ideas • Writing Step Cards – Three levels – 20 copies of each • Alphabet and blend cards – Large copy for teacher – Multiple copies for students • My Word bank – Individual spelling/word bank ASSESSMENT Teacher Assessment Independent Writing Teacherstudent conference • Acknowledges what student “can” do • Evaluates against Writing Targets • Identifies focused teaching opportunities Student Selfassessment • Students aware of what they “can” do • Students discuss goals for development Student Tools • My Writing book • I can… checklists – • ASSESSMENT 3 levels My Word bank – Develop personal spelling list Teacher Tools • Student-teacher conference cards – • I can… stickers – • 3 levels Writing Targets – • 3 levels 3 levels Writing Progressions – Exemplars with crossreference to Writing Targets, notes for teachers and sample comments for students PUBLISH Samples of published writing CLASSROOM ORGANISATION and Teacher’s Resource Teacher Tools: Suggestions for: • Daily organisation • Weekly organisation Teacher’s Resource Book • Overview and explanation of Key Links Writing SUMMARY: What’s in the box? What’s in the box? Teacher Tools WHAT TO TEACH: Writing Targets HOW TO TEACH: Writing Approaches Cards • • • • Modelled Writing Shared Writing Mirrored Writing Guided Writing • Alphabet and Blend Cards ASSESSMENT • Teacher-Student Conference Cards • I can… stickers (replaceable) • Writing Progressions PUBLISHING • Publishing Samples ORGANISATION • Classroom Organisation Charts Teacher’s Resource Book What’s in the box? Student Tools INDEPENDENT WRITING • My Writing book x 30 (replaceable) • Idea Seed cards • Writing Steps cards • Alphabet and Blend cards • My Word Bank x 30 (replaceable) SELF-ASSESSMENT/DEVELOPMENT • I can… checklist (in My Writing book) • What I want to learn (in My Writing book) What’s in the box?
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