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Mutations
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Homework: Mutations
1. Sickle-shaped red blood cells result from a mutation in the gene that codes for hemoglobin.
This mutation results in sickle-cell anemia. A partial sequence of bases from a normal
hemoglobin gene and a sequence that results in sickle-cell anemia are shown below.
What type of mutation is depicted in this sequence?
A Substitution
B Insertion
C Deletion
D Frameshift
Sequence 1:
THE DOG SAW THE CAT
Sequence 2:
THE DOG SAW THE TAC
2. The change between the original and altered sequences above is most similar to which of the
following types of mutations?
A translocation
B duplication
C inversion
D deletion
3. The change between the two chromosomes above is best described as which of the
following types of chromosomal mutations?
A translocation
B duplication
C inversion
D deletion
4. Early-onset Alzheimer’s disease affects people under the age of 65. Less than five percent of
people who are diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease have this type. Many cases of early-onset
Alzheimer’s disease are inherited, a type known as familial Alzheimer’s disease (FAD). Which
statement is best supported by this information?
A FAD is the result of a genetic change in one or more chromosomes.
B Natural selection will continue to reduce the incidence of FAD.
C FAD affects only the genes of middle-aged people.
D Deletion of one amino acid causes FAD.
Original Sequence: THE RED CAT SAW THE FAT RAT
Altered Sequence: THE RED CAT SAW THE FAT FAT RAT
5. The change between the original and altered sequences above is most similar to which of the
following types of mutations?
A translocation
B duplication
C inversion
D deletion
6. A deletion of a DNA base from a gene affects an organism by —
A causing future gametes to have additional chromosomes
B changing the sequence of amino acids in a protein
C causing chromosome fragments to form long chains
D changing the structure of ribose sugar in nucleic acids
7. The picture below shows the chromosomes of a human. What
caused the chromosomal alteration in number 21?
A part of one chromosome attached to another (translocation)
B some of the genes on a chromosome were reversed (inversion)
C a duplicated chromosome failed to separate (nondisjunction)
D a part of a chromosome was lost (deletion)
8. Which of the following is a change that could be passed on to an organism’s offspring?
A Damage to the DNA of gamete cells
B Damage to skin cells from exposure to sunlight
C Damage to DNA in the cytoplasm of cheek cells
D Damage to hair pigment cells with permanent dyes
9. The diagram to the right demonstrates how
non-homologous chromosomes might incorrectly
exchange genetic material. This form of chromosomal
mutation is referred to as –
A translocation
C duplication
B inversion
D nondisjunction
10. A change within a single base pair in DNA is least likely to be observable if the change
affects —
A the production of a stop codon
C an unexpressed recessive trait
B actions of a codominant allele
D the expression of a sex-linked trait
11. The diagram shows the normal sequence of genes in a particular chromosome. Which
chromosome could have resulted from an inversion that occurred in this chromosome?
A
C
B
D
12. The assembly of a messenger RNA strand that normally begins with UAC has been changed
so that the newly assembled messenger RNA strand begins with UAG. Which of the following
will most likely occur?
A Missense mutation
C Nonsense Mutation
B Silent Mutation
D Frame shift