Challenges during LTE rollout – and how to tackle them Christian Fischer Product Manager Drive Test Tools Rohde & Schwarz, Munich, Germany Rohde & Schwarz – The company group at a glance l History Established 1933 in Munich, Germany l Type of enterprise Independent family-owned company l Global presence In over 70 countries, approx. 60 subsidiaries Sales office in Nieuwegein, Service in Belgium l Net revenue Approx. EUR 1.9 billion (FY 12/13, July through June) l Export share Approx. 90 percent l Employees 9300 worldwide, with approx. 5500 in Germany l Success A leading international supplier in all of its fields of business Oct 2013 | LTE challenges | 2 LTE roll out – Challenges over challenges Why do we do all of this? 800MHz is not 900MHz – and what about 2600MHz? There are already plenty of antennas and cabinets on the rooftop…. Oct 2013 | LTE challenges | 3 LTE roll out – why do we do all of this? l Main reasons for LTE roll out l Provide high throughput for data services – for customers l Achieve more efficient use of spectrum – for operators l Broadband coverage of rural areas – for regulators l Availability and throughput of data services are the main customer satisfaction parameters l End user behavior is best represented when measurements are performed with smartphone based measurement systems Oct 2013 | LTE challenges | 4 QualiPoc LTE measurements Serving cell Neighbor cells Data download Also available for GSM, WCDMA, WiFi Oct 2013 | LTE challenges | 5 Navigation QualiPoc Test Cases 2-2.5G Air Interface logging Forcing Functions (Technology/Band, preferred UARFCN) Voice Call testing (Call To Any) Speech Testing (P.862, SQUAD or P.863 NB and WB) 3G 4G           ** **                  ** **   M->L and M->M, MOC and MTC, DL and UL Data Ping, FTP DL/UL, HTTP DL/UL, Capacity DL (multi thread HTTP), Iperf UDP/TCP HTTP Browsing Messaging (SMS, MMS, Email) YouTube Video Streaming Multi-Mix job (Sequence of Voice and Data) Multi-RAB job (Simultaneous Voice and Data) Parallel jobs (Up to 3 jobs independently) Oct 2013 | LTE challenges | 6 **CSFB or SVLTE Finding reasons for low data rates l To find the reasons for low data rates, a radio network scanner is used Good coverage, low SINR  why? Low coverage, low SINR RSRP SINR Areas of low data rates Oct 2013 | LTE challenges | 7 Good coverage, but low SINR: missing dominance RSRP Best server SINR RSRP SINR Oct 2013 | LTE challenges | 8 Pilot Pollution: Coverage measurements l Using a mobile radio network scanner provides easy and fast information about coverage and interference l No band limitations Several technologies in parallel High measurement speed Easy one click evaluation showing coverage and pilot pollution problem spots l l l Oct 2013 | LTE challenges | 9 800MHz is not 900MHz l 800 MHz – missing experience in this frequency band l For some operators 900MHz experience is available since years l Operators are potentially re-using their existing propagation models l Expectation that 800 MHz is quite similar to 900 MHz l BUT - reality is different: l High danger of interference due to long ranging signals l Coverage measurements required to calibrate propagation models and to learn about real coverage – and finally capacity Oct 2013 | LTE challenges | 10 The larger picture Oct 2013 | LTE challenges | 11 LTE800 frequency assignment plan l Example from Germany 782,0 Frequency [MHz] 8 MHz Channel 60 Potential interference danger in low cost DVB-T receivers having bad or no RF input filters Oct 2013 | LTE challenges | 12 The real world TV Transmitter sideband emissions Oct 2013 | LTE challenges | 13 RF Power Scan l RF Power Scan is a “Spectrum Analyzer light” functionality inside the mobile radio network scanner Applications: l Finding mobile radio networks l Finding external interferers l Measuring uplink frequencies l Spectrum clearance measurements Oct 2013 | LTE challenges | 14 Advantages: l Included in scanner – no separate box needed l Spectrum may be recorded in the background l Geographical location available l No band limitations (80MHz…6GHz) RF Power Scan RF Power Scan Spectrum view shows l All defined sweeps (all bands, downlink, uplink) l Selected sweep (incl. Markers) l „Waterfall diagram“ Oct 2013 | LTE challenges | 15 Complete Spectrum … and what about 2600MHz? l LTE 2600MHz – unknown frequency behavior l Mainly used as capacity extension on hot spots and indoors – Trade fairs, airports, downtown, shopping malls l Small cells, Het Net, micro cells, WiFi offloading l In a nutshell: everything new… l Tele2 live network l Testing of data rates and handovers with smartphone based measurement systems l Coverage and interference tests with scanner Oct 2013 | LTE challenges | 16 in Stockholm, Sweden l FDD2600MHz, 20MHz l HTTP 140MB DL transfer LTE 1800MHz – the compromise? l LTE 1800MHz has turned out to be more than a compromise l Frequencies are well known for many operators l 1800MHz Propagation is beneficial Source: gsacom.com Number of commercially launched LTE FDD networks in Sept 2013 …however, in many cases refarming is necessary Oct 2013 | LTE challenges | 17 Single RAN integration and refarming l Single RAN: Integration of several technologies into one cabinet l Refarming: Re-use of frequencies for new technology l Long term advantages l reduction of space, equipment, site rental costs, power l Spectrum used more efficiently l Fewer suppliers l Short term disadvantages l Equipment swap - Service interruption l Measurements for Quality assurance l Installation and commissioning with potential errors Oct 2013 | LTE challenges | 18 Handheld Cable & Antenna Analyzer R&S ZVH Handheld Spectrum Analyzer R&S FSH Connected to BTS Basic: BTS maintenance and trouble shooting Antenna matching Antenna isolation Cable faults Cable loss BTS output spectrum BTS Parameter measurements DL Signal quality measurements Extended: interference hunting and cable and antenna test BTS output power BTS output spectrum Interference hunting Interference analysis Geotagging Cable loss, Cable faults, BTS Output power Oct 2013 | LTE challenges | 19 Over-The-Air (OTA) R&S ZVH and FSH Highlights Measurement Wizard & Report Generator l The wizard guides the user through the measurement sequence. Written instructions and pictures can be added to each measurement step l Back in the office report is ready after a couple of mouse clicks Oct 2013 | LTE challenges | 20 Conclusion High data rates should be achieved New frequencies need to be managed New interference scenarios come up Still classical installation problems remain These challenges can be overcome and solved by using Rohde&Schwarz measurement equipment Oct 2013 | LTE challenges | 21 R&S LTE Portfolio for chipset, component, device and base station testing Signal Generator / Fading Simulator R&S®SMW200A R&S®SMBV100 Testing of - Protocol Layers - Operator Scenarios - E2E Application - Max. Throughput - IP4/6 - MIMO - Handover R&S®CMW500 including 3GPP conformance tests Radio Network Analyzers incl. ROMES Drive Test Tools LTE functionality since May 2008 Signal Analyzer / Power Meter R&S®FSW R&S®FSV Signaling Conformance TD-LTE, LTE FDD, GSM, WCDMA/HSPA(+) and CDMA2k in one box! Installation and Maintenance RF Conformance 1st TD-LTE RF test cases validated by GCF R&S®NRP R&S®TS8980 RF Test System & RRM Test System One box Mobile Radio Tester for Calibration, Verification and Functional Test R&S®CMW500 RF Development and Production R&S®CMW500 Protocol Stack and IOT Oct 2013 | LTE challenges | 22 R&S®FSH/ZVH Field Testing TS8980FTA + out-of-band and TV interferer tests Conformance Testing R&S LTE information, App. Notes, Videos, etc. www.rohde-schwarz.com/ Oct 2013 | LTE challenges | 23 Rohde & Schwarz Netherlands Contact details ROHDE & SCHWARZ Netherlands Test and Measurement Perkinsbaan 1 · 3439 ND · Nieuwegein P.O. Box 1315 · 3430 BH · Nieuwegein Tel +31 (0)30 6001722 Mob +31 (0) 6 46324415 Marcel Tersteeg email: [email protected] Internet: www.rohde-schwarz.com Webshop: www.testenmeetwinkel.nl Account Manager Broadcast & Telecom operators Oct 2013 | LTE challenges | 24 Thank you for your attention! Any questions? Oct 2013 | LTE challenges | 25