1. art and entertainment
2. books and literature
3. poetry

SPEECH
HOW
TO
USE
IT
EFFECTIVELY
THE
TITLES
TEN
IN
THE
SERIES
EFFICIENCY
MENTAL
HOW
POISE:
TO
HOW
CHAEACTER:
HOW
TIMIDITY:
IT
ATTAIN
TO
TO
STRENGTHEN
IT
OVERCOME
IT
Yoritomo-Tashi
HOW
INFLUENCE:
TO
EXERT
IT
Yoritomo-Tashi
HOW
SENSE:
COMMON
IT
EXERCISE
TO
Yoritomo-Tashi
PRACTICALITY:
HOW
R.
TO
ACQUIRE
IT
MAKE
THE
NiCOLLE
HOW
OPPORTUNITIES:
MOST
L.
OF
TO
THEM
Charley
PERSEVERANCE:
IT
DEVELOP
TO
HOW
Besser
H.
HOW
SPEECH:
TO
IT
USE
EFFECTIVELY
Xanthes
HOW
PERSONALITY:
H.
TO
BUILD
Laurent
"::"
"
FUNK
COMPANY
WAGNALLS
Puhlishers
NEW
YORK
AND
LONDON
IT
EFFICIENCY
MENTAL
SERIES
SPEECH
HOW
USE
TO
IT
EFFECT-
IVELY
By
Annotated
XANTHES
B.
by
Dangennes
Mv.v:
AUTHORIZED
EDITION
Translated
Mme.
Leon
FUNK
J.
"
NEW
Beethelot
by
de
Boileveeie
la
WAGNALLS
COMPANY
YOEK
LONDON
1916
"
"
'
^
"
.
o
".
"
'_ ,'
""
"
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.
1
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"
"
"
"
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"
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"
1
"
"
1
Copyright,
[Printed
the
in
All
bt
COMPANY
WAGNALLS
"
FUNK
1915,
Utiitcd
rights
States
reserved
of
America]
?N
ANNOUNCEMENT
The
of
purpose
CO
of
this
book,
who
need
is to
guide
a
words
teach
to
O
speech
^
the
a
treatise
a
them
who
speaker
00
^
UJ
acquire
to
and
convincingly,
of
Xanthes
and
close
the
whom
As
mind
to
of
this
it is
as
Author
that
business
power
man
of
sublimity
both
of
to
to
the
much
satisfy
"
and
iii
thinker
of
markable
re-
his subject
of
duty
his.
em-
in
constantly
it is the
as
convince
thought
bears
who
as
man
a
lief,
be-
all
keen
develops
he
treatise
please his audience
of
those
with
observer
who
teachings
the
a
in
say
this
describes
he
that
incisively
speaking
qualities of
rare
of
aiding
expounds
he
judgment.
the
of
of
is he
support
of
art
to
manner
purpose
one
"
the
bodying
In
the
wish
belief
forceful
and
attention.
for
It is his
has
of
serve
may
powers
he
his
use
their
what
presents
clear, concise,
and
oi
utilize
to
impressively.
most
commands
to
how
which
subject
the
on
thor
au-
of
effective
the
to
CN!
the
those
to
present
CO
readers
Dangennes,
IVIr. B.
an
orator
of
purpose
It
gaining
elegance
a
in
the
attention
by
lies
of
expres-
iv
ANNOUNCEMENT
sion, and
and
is
of
of
of
before
speak
we
stimulus
dictum
the
by
effervescence
that
natural
the
conviction
carrying
the
heart
the
which
lowing
Fol-
feel
must
we
speak
can
netism
mag-
enthusiast.
Seneca,
we
personal
what
what
feel.
we
,
It
of
Dean
was
Land
the
of
hot
air, of
But
Franciscus
continual
their
exhausted
faints
it is in
the
we
wish
who
they
desire
think
they
They
injure
These
the
to
which
use
to
are
do
should
to
be
please,
admired,
their
the
recover
the
that
bore;
never
tongue
living
other
talkative
hated.
are
When
when
they
laughed
are
benefit
harm
the
exertion."
put
us
they
friends,
incalculable
remember
they
eye
by
tongue
from
loved
the
to
longest
reminds
of
wearied
the
we
truly
hand,
rest
but
from
Plutarch
and
require
of
the
become
distinguished
are
creatures.
people
and
"
organ
flash
it;
ear
energies;
or
that
the
action,
falters
And
and
eye,
the
human
with
compared
air
tongue.
at
rapid
the
upon
nimblest
the
of
of
animals
all
marveled
"The
he,
be
the
foot,
activity
Said
not
the
creator
Travels
feed
to
has
"
the
of
said
Junius
astonishing
speech.
is
course
and
that
us
which
chameleon,
inimitable
the
Lilliput
told
who
Gulliver,
can
Swift,
to
wisdom
their
at.
mies,
ene-
themselves.
of
Solo-
ANNOUNCEMENT
MON
is
There
"
silent.
''Learn
famous
old
'
'
of
exhorter
words
Five
wit
more
words
as
thine
such
as
such
and
said
that
Bishop
Fuller,
and
tinued,
con-
Zacharias
cost
deeds
affections
thy
will
so
be
"Such
will
weeks
should
words.
thine
forty
aim
our
affections
thy
be
to
tongue,"
than
will
so
are
time
a
thy
speech
In
and
speak
to
hold
to
silence,"
show
time
a
v
be
to
thy
as
be
esteemed
deeds
be
;
also;
life," said
thy
Socrates.
the
course
book
is
In
this
words
the
of
art
right
to
oratorical
to
master
and
on
; on
speech
the
power
of
of
the
on
in
into
voice
and
on
lace.
neck-
presented
on
the
eloquence
; on
;
in
on
public;
and
attitude
over
speech
a
chapters
business
of
thread
conversation
thought;
used
of
be
speaking
the
study
the
vocabulary
and
in
thought,
must
follow
one's
art
with
they
Then
as
of
strung
are
debates
the
automatism
idea
effective
word
relation
the
of
discusses
He
scientific
classification
beads
enriching
on
of
treats
which
treats
right
the
urges
order.
Author
the
using
of
lectures
language.
dominant
be
logical
of
of
the
beautiful
To
life
he
the
which
art
the
urges
compares
in
comprized
and
Next
ideas,
twelve
always
place,
words.
the
mosaics
the
as
of
and
the
;
how
on
ture;
ges-
family
feelings.
ANNOUNCEMENT
Ti
and
of
development
exercises,
of
the
most
considered
of
to
teach
such
subjects,
voice,
vocal
and
as
human
every
aims
Author
the
gestures,
is
Speech
allied
other
many
on
etc.
determining
the
and
act,
the
ing
breath-
changes,
attitude,
Reader
as
ment
ele-
such
how
it.
The
the
as
Publishers.
to
the
make
PREFACE
It
Lyceum
into
changed
tie
Centuries
rdty,
of
is
It
also,
with
the
eloquent
speaker,
to
by
the
us,
thinker
lessons
of
still
art
his
deep
eter-
State
the
for
necessity
a
for
ence
exist-
the
he
was
rather
expression
his
was
a
from
orators,
epoch,
influenced
thoughts
them.
vii
all
whose
him
as
an
known
un-
alone,
orator.
inspired
was
Greek
his
yet
lived
popular
received
of
as
who
man
than
he
great
of
a
which
that
formulating
name
have
we
works
the
of
whose
for
that
interest,
translation
illuminated
of
either
need
the
of
vortex
developed
understanding
The
was
conviction.
received
a
the
governing,
has
were
oratory
"
into
creating
by
eloquence,
and
of
art
individual,
the
or
the
but
called
words,
that
the
together.
souls
fallen
have
of
porch
-of
pictures
bound
Aristotle
which,
power
living
which
the
thoughts
magic
the
when
days
beneath
awakening
"
by
the
the
philosophy
his
taught
forth
before
long
was
well
him
in
the
stellation
con-
glory
in
as
the
in
viii
PREFACE
Looking
his
over
information,
all
of
He
teaches
of
prestige
the
speech,
of
means
view,
above
remarkable.
most
affording
this
cultivating
the
by
the
at
us
able
valu-
and
consideration
win
to
us
of
judgment
find
shall
one
points
new
exactness
an
writings,
time
same
priceless
gift:
eloquence.
At
present,
daily,
defend
their
The
unions,
for
by
this
interests
the
even
seeking
are
ordinary
their
whose
opinion
or
explain
to
welfare
general
eloquence
tageously
advan-
present
forth
set
the
of
is
allowed
principles
the
people
in
place
taking
are
interested
person
to
the
portance
im-
rights.
reunions
day
Every
and
the
tions,
deputa-
state
to
to
victions.
con-
important,
more
sufficiently persuasive
of
their
organizations,
orators
claims
able
are
justify
and
creases
in-
speakers
they
and
more
and
public
means
becoming
their
each
of
industrial
all
be
number
complex
syndicates,
will
the
which
offer
to
referring
to
or
to
his
the
individual
an
claim.
Lectures
As
an
idea
others
becoming
are
are
and
in
olden
the
happy
they
to
and
more
days,
have
understand
those
it
that
quent.
fre-
more
who
cherish
appreciated
the
most
by
effi-
PREFACE
cacious
public
the
is
nothing
But
which
is
is
vite
in-
to
development
the
to
expound
of
inspired
by
philosopher,
the
famous,
exquisite
the
on
teachings
for
these
delicacy
immortalized
to
it
interesting
Xanthes,
which
delivered
banks
of
unless
most
us
of
orations
the
idea
an
be
a
stated.
inexactly
principles
the
than
defended,
seemed
also
has
It
disastrous
more
inadequately
claim,
rightful
and
listen
to
desire
their
subject.
the
by
accomplish
to
way
ix
those
of
of
that
by
the
the
who
principles
the
by
Ilissus,
this
made
initiate
art
which
ancient
us
was
Greeks.
B.
Dangennes.
to
were
ancient
and
also
period
into
the
glorified
CONTENTS
LESSON
PAGE
Announcement
iii
Preface
I.
II.
vii
"Words
and
Language
Word
Spoken
The
13
and
the
Thought
27
.
III.
IV.
Sword
of
"Wealth
of
V.
Of
Shield
or
41
and
Eloquence
Opulence
"Wit
57
Eloquence
71
"
.
"VI.
Oratorical
Rivalry
tion
Conversa-
and
89
"VII.
"VIII.
How
to
Acquire
Automatism
the
and
Art
of
Speaking
122
Thought
.
IX.
Attitude
and
in
Gesture
.
.
Speech
Delivery
X.
Speech
as
Family
XI.
and
Speech
107
138
in
Used
Business
and
Life
156
Instruction
167
....
XII.
The
Power
of
the
"Voice
Over
the
176
Feelings
zi
LESSON
WORDS
"Words
AND
mind,
our
of
them
to
of
or
combined
articulation,
of
in
LANGUAGE
sounds,
are
vibrations
I
the
whose
of
which
object
divers
association
force
by
sentiment
the
with
habit,
is
which
duces
pro-
the
pearance
ap-
designated
they
by
intended
are
express.
This
representation
according
the
to
is
thus
more
of
nature
the
or
word
less
exact,
which
calls
re-
it.
Certain
words
little
the
awaken
calculated
confused
a
impress
to
flection,
re-
itself
upon
mind.
Others,
they
are
"In
"This
ordered
the
a
to
the
observation
number
were
light
changed
to
present
of
beginning
language
veritable
are
vivid
"primitive
considerable
time,
contrary,
with
Xanthes,
imitate
the
on
illuminating
in
only
our
the
man
of
was
the
imitative
into
13
subject
which
imagination.
world,"
says
contented
to
animals.
furnished
of
the
torches,
them
words,
syllables.
with
which,
a
SPEECH
14.
and
the
always
these
for
men
of
of
the
for
the
the
the
came
be-
soon
very
race
same
were
used
this
effort
sounds
same
and
objects,
same
which
syllables,
insured
one,
every
limited
very
distinctive
special affinities.
their
''These
then
existence,
same
of
repetition
mark
of
needs
"The
the
of
manifestation
of
union
designate
to
first
the
was
and
mental
rial
mate-
life.
and
the
was
the
the
of
of
murmur
to
came
received
"In
the
in
thunder,
from
and
imitated
various
syllables
better
so
separation
"Words
were
"These
primitive
little
by
cries,
thus
little
united
form
to
adapted
absolutely
of
rumbling
which
unconsciously
were
either
as
wind,
the
them.
by
existence,
into
coming
or
ways,
larged
en-
imitate
impressions
all the
were
of
the
inarticulate
these
time,
to
that
brooklets,
without
them
was
produced.
waters,
word,
a
syllables
in
the
creased
in-
were
contented
animals
the
sound
"The
existence
imagination
longer
no
which
sounds
of
field
the
; man
of
necessities
the
"Later,
to
and
or
separated
variety
a
the
jointed
dis-
these
mentality
this
rendered
of
just
union
necessary.
created.
elements
the
gestures
of
language
of
came
be-
sensibility.
16
SPEECH
words
to
alone
similar
"For
little
became
tongue,
the
for
each
We
we
prehistoric
that
true
and
both,
to
of
Violent
pain
Impatience
even
a
in
word,
the
of
the
which
his
at
common
possible
it
that
animals
emotions
find
firmed
con-
pleasure.
imitated
we
is
it is
believe
to
man
a
animals.
cry
makes
which
was
when
mon
com-
are
larity
simi-
absolute
an
or
all
nothing
"
us
impels
anger
to
ultra-civilized,
these
same
without
in
us
from
escape
expression
more.
groan,
articulated
being
grumbling
In
in
it
as
sociologists,
make
when
forth
emitted
sounds
holds
his
manifestation.
calls
Fear
Xanthes
violent
the
analyze
exercised."
inclined
more
are
to
us
under
frequently
observations,
of
felt, and,
he
proportion
celebrated
many
one
which
his
have
to
in
which
most
by
sought
agile,
tection
pro-
heart,
multiplied
words
more
opinion,
with
joy
more
and
better
This
in
little, the
by
his
he
the
be
to
and
sympathy
reasons,
share
companions
in
born
being
was
not
it.
of
need
undefined
"An
of
order
in
grief,
realization
the
in
was
his
express
of
syllables.
allow
to
conscious
un-
us.
excessive
resembles
violent
the
sensations
emotion,
the
festation
maniamong
of
do
it in
not
use
a
it is not
that
and
thought,
with
balanced
un-
strengthen
to
it in
formulate
to
we
understood
people
order
in
who,
of
here
the
since
is well
It
question
a
is indeed
sympathy,
solitude.
minds
their
for
longing
expression
17
word
spoken
the
this,
than
More
LANGUAGE
AND
WORDS
words,
ter
ut-
it aloud.
order
in
united
of
pictures,
perfect, strengthens
less
of
force
words,
these
collection
a
or
more
the
weakens
or
form
to
cohesion,
whose
of
association
the
is
Language
representative
the
figures.
day,"
"One
call
his
with
finger
representing
in
colored
with
handfuls,
with
fall
wall
the
attributes.
her
toward
and,
stones
them
let
went
on
pointed
large
a
picking
his
through
vase
them
up
fingers
in
cascades.
iridescent
"
he
hung
plaque
a
goddess
rising,
"Then,
filled
a
to
language.
replying,
without
philosopher,
"The
and
words
between
existing
ence
differ-
the
was
to
went
man
what
him
asked
and
Plato
on
"a
Xanthes,
says
'These,'
said
he,
'are
the
words
or
the
rials.
mate-
he,
ing
show-
'
"
here
'And
the
mosaic
plaque,
of
a
most
is the
language,'
which
delicate
was
added
nothing
more
workmanship.
than
a
SPEECH
18
"
'are
the
only
of
"
"
'Taken
minor
and
their
the
than
'If,
skilled
"
artist, they
form
"
'If
only
'
'
"
side
by
time
to
for
more
and
their
colors
of
If
is
will
be
passed
of
will
produce
orations
by
chosen
future
will
picture.
whose
is questionable,
taste
mutually
repellent,
whole.
words.
down
and
they
they
harmonious
stones
grouped
appreciated
be
one
true
scattered
these
will
in
blending
same
artist
a
meaning.
child
a
confused
an
hand,
without
by
by
masterpiece.
a
unskilful
side
cleverly
and
color
allowed
combined
are
an
by
by
which
a
played
scintillations
combination
naive
a
'The
'
a
Distributed
instead
"
is
scarcely
produce
can
by
placed
represent
'
their
part
has
they
however,
'Manipulated
will
only
moment.
a
"
face
a
present
the
one
variegated
their
enjoy
of
observation
thought,
as
one.
observes
eye
this
finished;
is
stones
they
the
and
form,
registered
be
to
when
;
present
pletion
com-
oration,
separately,
interest
the
to
reproduction
the
to
are
the
the
to
are
words
what
like
picture
'They
philosopher,
indispensable
elements
a
the
continued
stones,'
'These
become
can
to
by
which
a
words
posterity,
a
talented
will
be
generations.'
work
tor
ora-
known
"
And
adds:
Xantlies
still
is
"There
the
words
"According
to
between
beauty
violent
comparison
the
artist,
flowers
imperfection,
or
forest
a
or
of
the
by
these
forms
produce
can
ground
the
to
stone
sky
clear
nearly
over
the
of
stones:
of
fancy
the
which
a
these
eind
from
monsters,
point
another
scintillations
recall
19
LANGUAGE
AND
WORDS
or
bent
trees
of
ravages
a
storm.
"Words
they
"
different
in
manner
not
the
on
the
to
what
language
of
the
upon
in
manner
the
tiny
and
production,
success
much
so
sent
repre-
used,
artist's
whole
the
as
the
to
upon
according
are
to
are
to
are
oftentimes
uses,
they
words
minerals
called
are
sentiments,
which
"These
also
pends,
de-
orator
an
words
which
which
he
he
employs
them."
It
is
relation
It
an
a
of
the
that
sound,
only
which
articulated
an
sound
find
of
race
has
has
people
its
to
of
most
the
relation
evanescent
the
idea
which
stituted
con-
tion
concep-
analogy
some
but,
and
natural
a
things.
according
imitation,
exists
to
and
each
vocabulary
harmonious
there
words
between
is certain
endeavor
to
error
with
time,
between
it
presents.
re-
SPEECH
20
If
it
otherwise,
were
which
language,
there
would
only
one
universal.
be
signification of words
The
be
would
is, therefore, always
arbitrary.
indicated
"Similarity,
said
terms,"
special
defined
by
species,
but
each
which
term
which
to
of
also
there
of
class
things,
ways
alplicity.
sim-
mental
great
words
many
by
belong,
definitions
many
are
thing
a
equally
or
the
only
species,
the
a
became
not
designating
ignorance
are
as
of
individuals
indicates
species,
individual
characterizes
many
"There
defining
general
little
by
terms,
fact
the
"However,
the
"little
Xanthes,
by
first
at
for
to
each
express
a
which
can
be
of
ment,
reinforce-
sentiment.
"There
also
are
qualified
for
possessing
as
they
' '
It
exact
an
able
to
"To
that
it
it is not
our
observations
all
wish
that
an
his
tangible
to
his
to
see
and
understand
but
renders
of
conception
; we
must
different
employing
we
suffice
not
make
of
power
enunciation
picture
does
the
permit
whose
the
words
certain
to
tinct
dis-
more
image.
should
orator
subjects
;
he
have
be
must
hearers.
distinctly
present
by description
pressions,
ex-
in
the
such
is
well,
subject
a
manner
of
listen
who
those
that
LANGUAGE
AND
WORDS
to
21
in
participate
us
spired
in-
the
revelation.
* '
Too
orators
many
his
that
gestures
attempting
"Before
of
contemplation
''And
* '
for
light,
which
be
in
forth
pleases
which
that
then
tonished
as-
perceived.
not
call
would
must
we
us,
to
want
we
the
others
have
should
words
These
of
nature
for
quality
of
the
the
to
the
mount
para-
speech.
' '
following
the
us
of
is
expression
gives
few
the
which
those
are
two-edged
clad
warriors
marching
"There
of
sounds,
in
are
which
purple.
royal
metallic
clanking
words,
"pompous
says,
mantle
a
wear
"Others,
full
seem
to
us
armor.
furnished
with
a
blade.
form
the
crudities
"Certain
others
he
are,"
to
over
in
commentaries:
"There
A
adapted
exactly
the
Xanthes
now
typical
'
first
question.
the
for
importance
seem
be
in
object
the
search
"The
And
consists
orator,
an
words.
of
choice
'
and
who
admire.
them
as
man
were
to
that
light
with
surround
a
darkness
absolute
in
gesticulate
like
are
depict
words
drapery
which
poetry
throws
sentiment.
of
awaken
struggle
and
visions
bitterness.
of
purity;
22
SPEECH
"There
diffusing
around
which
that
each
they
lightning,
made
are
all
them.
in
order
produce
of
hearers,
the
should
placed
be
words
sustain
times
"At
others,
without
by
value
the
on
they
should
surrounding
them
mission
whose
also
forth
be
is
to
prepared.
it
with
of
possibility
the
that
and
contrary,
burst
minds
them.
should
they
words
the
on
belong,
important,
should
they
they
strengthen
to
"At
effect
these
indispensable
where
less
and
is
full
their
given
with
it
of
one
intended
the
should
that
like
flash
of
light
the
"But,
be
which
those
are
is
jet of flame,
a
their
necessary
having
been
foreseen.
is
"It
other
of
cover
well
also
words
hide
might
humble
of
toga
of
will
indulgence
the
concluded
the
have
of
them
makes
flow
as
a
robe
should
whip,
from
a
of language
philosopher;
as
the
a
under
ereign
sov-
the
whole
while
"words
but
or
of
lence.
benevo-
in
taken
the
pression
im-
words
of
spring
formidable
the
give
is found
little significance,
a
under
significant,
brilliant
words
from
science
them
philosopher,
the
blows
conceal
less
his
satirical
"Certain
"All
to
this,"
arately
sep-
grouping
graceful,
SPEECH
M
defect
neither
comes
in
shelter
of
lack
vital
if
and,
energy
into
quickly
it
means;
does
one
not
habitual
an
takes
becomes
which
inertness,
mental
degenerates
of
insufficiency
the
from
nor
ignorance
voluntary
from
a
react,
of
atrophy
will.
the
Xanthes
"Language,"
"may
on,
leaves
compared
be
the
are
"Its
borrow
or
iliaries.
aux-
cribed
des-
have
of
already
special
a
supports
we
signated
de-
have
we
that
luminous
which,
will
of
words
the
are
tree, whose
which
title
farther
little
beautiful
a
words
the
flowers
and
to
spoken
under
a
says
selves,
themtheir
from
beauty
environment.
interior
of
the
its
in
strengthens
all
the
'
If
the
have
not
they
wiU
represent
roots
from
substance
soul, which
'
thought,
ments.
senti-
generator
movements.
"Finally,
And
personify
tree
powerful
is the
trunk
"The
this
of
branches
"The
of
form
the
other
been
are
allowed
produce
a
sap
idea,
depths
tracting
ex-
of
the
and
nourishes
parts."
adds
philosopher
flowers
the
the
not
to
judiciously:
atrophied,
become
magnificent
too
fruits.
and
if
they
numerous,
WORDS
"But
the
symbolical
sterile
of
the
this
to
flowers
which
taken
often
only
the
prune
to
the
remove
would
of
detriment
this
can
to
and
absorb
a
vigorous
the
weariness
instant
such
a
rich
in
the
be
the
poraries.
contem-
obstacle
In
can
sories
acces-
of
tension,
mind
of
subject
repetition
the
flowering,
and,
mendations
recom-
these
audience.
the
many
an
of
mental
great
thinks
our
value
the
;
pher
philoso-
the
is always
of
a
one
concerning
composition
by creating
as
that
could
estimate
a
the
orations,
admits
one
of
which
their
embellishment
proper
to
with
overburden
advice
much
Too
rhetoric
Xanthes
useful
much
smiling,
help
oneself,
of
make
the
not
like
spite of
of
fruit,
understanding
flowery
pedants
a
of
otherwise
to
sap,
can
the
to
been
which
reading
one
in
its
like
are
branches."
living
In
orations
half-dead
flowers
part
of
has
when
25
profusion
quality
care
branches
of
the
tree;
if
ripen
LANGUAGE
majority
the
impairs
of
AND
phors,
metacauses
midst
the
hardly
choice.
Scarcely
does
established,
when
appearance
of
it
believe
it finds
another
its
choice
itself
object
none
attracted
the
definitely
by
less
the
liant.
bril-
SPEECH
26
This
of
direction
it
to
Let
of
only
a
in
add,
us
Xanthes
to
these
among
and
sterile
We
*
'
for
which
of
waste
life
the
with
the
is
bear
made
and
minutes,
up.'*
ancient
fruit
for
are
blooming.
their
no
that,
majority
the
of
orator
the
sents
repre-
conclusion,
trace
which
orations
the
comparison
the
ultimate
flowers
no
which
follow
to
conclude
both
useless
leave
must
The
order
many
in
picture.
confused
its
hesitate,
drifting
things,
of
medley
a
it
makes
itself
finds
attention
its
and
it,
bewilders
opulence
his
only
orator
only
:
sent,
repre-
audience,
too
few,
a
of
II
LESSON
SPOKEN
THE
AND
WORD
THE
THOUGHT
order
In
In
symbolical
the
been
speaking
seen
that
tree
produce
of
which
the
fruit
orator,
"The
shall
"The
in
be
"It
brain,
"This
acts
the
with
he
form
upon
before
first
of
parts
destined
to
of
old
the
says
without
a
its
the
which
noise.
useless
is
which
the
analysis."
phases
the
"is
says,
whose
gradation
philosopher.
presented
to
at
us
perception.
receptive
the
appealing
period
ment
develop-
different
thought,
with
follow
idea,"
all
were
only
many
now
the
the
idea,
precedes
includes
fed
of
discourse,"
the
consistent
This
first
all
would
idea
sequence
we
is
origin
have
we
science.
of
''there
word
spoken
of
the
flowers
the
base
the
"At
was
has
Xanthes
chapter,
preceding
it alone
that
and
the
idea
the
which
of
tree
the
in
we
us,
ourselves.
understand
first
must
understand
others
make
to
is
to
that
27
our
of
faculties
of
understanding.
emission.
our
28
SPEECH
"We
emit
idea
an
before
thinking
about
what
it is worth.
"At
times
common
it is
that
sense
before
it
worthless
so
denuded
so
unconsciously
we
had
has
or
time
reject
itself
impress
to
of
it
the
on
mind.
"At
other
which
merits
""We
it is presented
being
fertilized.
therefore,
ought,
it
consider
to
the
at
first,by
us
which
under
ourselves
oblige
to
form
a
ta
from
which
it
isolating
it from
all
angle
do
fail
not
to
graft
peared
ap-
the
selves
them-
it.
on
"If
from
ideas
parasitic
thus
idea,
the
to
the
domain
it
will
then
of
point
that
times
confusedly
of
be
things
time
which
view
perceived,
of
possible
consider
to
will
permit
tion,
realizait
its
longs
be-
from
perfect
development.
"In
order
of
should
idea,
an
it is
productive
indispensable
with
impregnated
be
the
accomplish
to
many
that
kinds
knowledge.
of
"(1)
That
"(2)
Of
its
"
(3)
Of
its
(4)
The
"
"(5)
The
its
substance;
form;
essence;
cause
final
for
cause.
which
it
was
created;
templation
conwe
of
tlie word
"By
the
''The
idea
to
subjects
or
be
order
with
imbued
well
in
be
substance
order
to
of
table,
vege-
the
first
to
the
idea,
in
which
tract
dis-
may
it to
diverge
defined,
properly
once
think
in
form
the
out
aroussd
has
which
from
cause
person,
ward
to-
subjects.
analogous
"The
a
animal,
substance
and
to
etc.
etc.,
thoughts
all
attention
our
the
necessary
the
eliminate
to
object,
to
kingdom,
understood
is made.
an
belonging
is, therefore,
"It
to
29
be
to
idea
the
refer
can
mineral
or
is
substance
which
of
matter
THOUGHT
AND
WORD
SPOKEN
of
mind
our
it will
object
the
of
feeling
a
perception.
be
in
necessary
the
afterward
of
perceptions
for
A
which
that
"It
form
are
presenting
"It
the
their
essence,
same
cause
will
operation
that
dissimilar
a
certain
afterward
which
has
to
group
determine
to
it and
between
order.
will
be
the
essence.
two
subjects
concerns
of
the
and
existing
same
happen
may
will
recollections
define
to
difference
the
our
belongs
mental
similar
to
order
sentiment
this
which
* '
appeal
energetic
"An
essence,
form
and
or
necessary
of
the
perhaps
their
same
of
the
dimensions
diversity.
be
necessary
produced
the
to
idea.
establish
30
SPEECH
"Lastly,
final
cause,
which
the
And,
should
one
that
is
idea
joining
Xanthes
celebrate
Substance.
'
'
The
substance
The
form
of
the
toward
the
tion,
demonstra-
:
presented
under
of
this
man
man.
initial
the
is
a
was
pect:
as-
man.
Sage,
a
legislator,
remarkable
a
to
living being.
a
living being
this
an
oration
an
great
is that
that
moment
a
a
captain,
or
a
or
a
orator.
"The
is the
mind
the
to
the
this
that
renown
tion
representa-
present
has
man
which
idea
the
produced
having
cause
carried
has
to
pronounce
of
essence:
celebrated
to
is
'
valorous
purpose
for
virtues
idea
"The
the
example
the
to
'
'
say,
to
suppose
the
"The
unfolding
directed."
undertakes
orator
the
continues:
shall
"We
'
is
delay
known
how
acquire.
"The
final
inciting
virtues, by
final
"The
initial
the
whose
"It
is the
cause
cause
cause,
purpose
by
the
is
in
as
his
reality
audience
is
sometimes
the
initial
produces
mental
desire
the
to
proclaim
to
imitate
him.
for
mistaken
cause
is
his
the
one
mined
deter-
movements
operation.
the
desire
which
one
ex-
SPEECH
32
thought
is
"It
wish
we
''From
birth
give
"To
of
field
of
domain
of
idea
to
and
large
en-
within
endure
can
of
ambition
the
jority
ma-
of
would
with
by
advises
only
which,
leads
by
us
a
the
to
us
far
from
obsession.
of
the
mistrust
the
produce
to
name
us
whose
atmosphere
long
the
advise
not
the
of
chain
scarcely
transmission
very
which
impose
to
does
an
take
not
known
phenomenon
pretend
not
rated
sepa-
superiority."
consequently
ourselves
thoughts
divergent
its
does
it is
when
value
idea
this
that
forget
not
weaken
and
us
uniformity
our
dis-
and
if it be
idea,
the
whole
mass
Xanthes
imbue
ideas
to,
sufficiently
not
sense,
be
its
the
upon
He
wise
is
enunciated
new
a
must
fail to
But
it
observations.
our
to
we
from
not
view,
common
have
only
will
of
idea
the
orators.
"However,
can
the
forcing
of
illuminate
can
we
should
discussion,
us.
to
already
times;
the
the
point
thoughts
many
give
consider.
to
every
reject
cust
thoughts
of
to
therefore,
question,
a
projection
that
is able
alone
contemplation
which
precision,
absolute
acquire
to
ceptible,
per-
subject
of
meditation.
Again,
he
counsels
us
that,
even
while
con-
SPOKEN
attentively
from
all
in
consider
thoughts
the
will
one,
which
thought,
in
far
which,
initial
the
our
direct
and
magnetize
will
on
way
33
should
we
from
away
us
salutary
a
idea,
corollary
the
turning
act
initial
the
templating
THOUGHT
AND
WORD
they
admirable
most
way.
He
analysis
perfect
better
of
idea
the
attention
the
to
determine
will
far
of
laws
all-powerful
the
study
long
than
strict
giving
that
says
persuasion.
in
However,
which
him
know
how
not
of
head
"All
offspring
of
of
his
in
will
in
soon
order
be
to
if
"But
a
partner
kept
type
to
necessary
recognize
crossings
have
each
strictly
from
them
groups.
compared
family
all
of
to
the
are
them
have
of
one
all
fainter,
stimulate
place
the
of
the
of
traces
taken
generations
the
as
grows
some
those
among
be
and
proportion
initial
the
multiply,
for
traits.
distinctive
"However,
present
into
them
same
patriarch
this
fusion
con-
discipline
to
this
of
members
the
always
might
of
danger
family.
large
a
the
divide
to
idea
principle
"The
some
ideas
it is well
rigorously,
avoid
to
corollary
does
who
the
order
in
foreign
race,
it
memory,
it if
ous
numer-
marriage.
children
his
and
has
and
contact,
chosen
if he
the
has
type
SPEECH
34
will
in
aeeentnated
be
relief, and
bold
instinctive
an
the
than
rather
forth
stand
will
qualities
good
need,
will
defects
the
;
become
of
result
a
reasoning.
**
However,
will
considered,
its
government,
his
form
they
"Every
should
"Around
issue
from
and
all
with
of
his
who
of
gave
"The
ideas
danger
to
which,
diverge
or
be
far
ideas
the
ing
absorb-
impress
to
be
orator
by
one
every-
a
are
municated
com-
sympathetic
inclines
the
hearers
of
who
knows
thought
with
it to them
present
it.
be
the
by
which
thought,
the
entirely
power.
assemblage
the
with
family')
are
to
desires
who
presented
appropriate
to
which
should
contact
him
the
supplementary
oratorical
to
exchange
these
injurious
ideas
"The
may
together,
imbued
of
existence
their
owe
thought
of
than
symbol.
('head
themselves,
group
be
to
this
idea
maintain
"To
how
living
patriarch
wishes
remember
the
ideas
other
who
orator
idea
the
to
him
life.
them
its
self-
own
to
nearer
the
dividual
in-
family,
its
altho
and,
around
groups
this
have
family,
own
family
brother's
of
member
every
avoided
starting
from
thrown
into
him
oratorical
is
a
the
power.
diffusion
single
confusion."
point,
advises
make
to
us
order,"
"In
around
than
the
he
have
there
other
severely
of
tirst
think
as
way
no
not
are
:
confusion
a
afterward
separate
can
Greek
disorderly
a
should
subdivisions
many
as
and
orator
which
division,
into
idea
old
the
it, if they
weaken
to
disciplined,
main
in
ers
speak-
of division
escape
crowd
principal
the
the
method
the
he, ''to
says
35
young
eluding,
of
use
ideas, which
of similar
effect
of
capable
rarely
are
which
eventuality
that
avoid
To
THOUGHT
AND
WORD
SPOKEN
different
are
groups.
each
**In
his
of
ideas,
derogatory
which
' '
"He
bear
comes
will
is
be
to
words,
to
the
all
the
initial
for
among
and
or
the
an
to
to
order
know
reserve
retain
to
the
to
that
and
time
remove
contented
to
the
the
essential
will
essentially
establish
order,
"It
and
according
value
Then
he
develop,
to
they
that
belong
wishes
proceed
will
he
ideas.
signifies
"This
their
effected,
choice
coordination
he
development
the
to
tinguish
dis-
will
he
groups
argument,
''This
those
these
appropriate
ideas
of
of
one
theme
will
he
of
degree
that
estimate
ship
relation-
idea.
classification,
these
of
how
them
ideas
a
ological
chron-
importance.
to
as
grade
suasive
per-
arguments
SPEECH
30
admitting
the
no
and
discourse
of
character
according
answer,
ideas
the
contrary,
should
be
that
may
to
they
that
and
of
may
in
the
ought
will
* '
Unless
the
he
of
wants
the
the
of
"And
"Without
the
made,
suddenly
will
main
re-
blending
perfect
the
operations
form
the
same
it will
have
only
be
finished,
are
sketched.
been
engulfed
by monotony,
dwelling
avoid
divergent
in
branch
and
the
abandoning
forth
it
long
too
on
group.
same
"Without
call
to
should
orator
ideas
will
task
orator's
the
which
water
specific gravity
least
different
these
"When
a
pours
obtained,
be
not
one
care
minds
the
to
the
too
surface,
the
on
sentiments'
as
into
be
the
having
liquid
one's
manner
drop,
mixture
the
"If
great
conviction
same
the
on
uniformly.
color
to
any
in
brutally
with
unfolded
carry
by
cordial, drop
the
to
others,
assemblage;
offend
not
they
others,
according
presented
be
must
impress
order
of
nature
audience.
the
"Certain
all
above
the
to
idea,
which
ones
of
main
ideas
will
belonging
to
he
be
will
sented
pre-
another
family.
continue
abandoning
thus
the
all
through
main
his
idea, he
course.
dis-
will
on
it,at
the
time
same
ideas, which
of
in order
"But
should
conformity, it
differences
some
listener
the
as
different
these
that
trouble
not
reinforce
adding a varietyin the types
fundamentally identical,
are
they present
altho
will confirm and
others which
touch
37
THOUGHT
AND
WORD
SPOKEN
is necessary
by
to form.
groupings
their lack
create
to
of
harmony
them.
between
"Here
idea makes
its
appearance."
loves
Xanthes, who
And
ing
is called the lead-
notice that what
we
to
monstrations
illustrate his de-
by symbolic fables,relates
followingstory.
"A
philosopher,of
to
us
to
be
the
by
"
you,
followed
'Master, I have
lesson
said to him
who
of his disciples,
one
what
you
day
:
religiouslyyour
speaking;tell me, I beg of
ing
understand
by the words "lead-
the art
on
profest
questionedone
of Aristotle,was
followers
who
those
of
idea"?
"
'Do
you
think
indispensableto
it
a
course
dis-
?
"
"At
on
this moment
his bare
shells
"The
was
of it,what
is the nature
'What
neck
a
a
little child
necklace
is its object?'
passing;
was
of thin
iridescent
clasped.
philosopherby
a
sign called
2rA7Vy2
to
the
38
SPEECH
and
boy
young
offered
him
to
piece of
small
a
money.
*'
'Give
this,' said
me
pointing
he,
the
to
ornament.
*'
'My
"
'Yes,
asked
necklace?'
it with
"Suddenly
held
"They
thread
a
the
learned
the
and
of
beads
shells.
slipt
down
all
spread
broke
man
pearly
were
head
string
the
and
offered
the
the
along
out
the
over
in
posite
op-
cord
broken
in
ground
disorder.
dazzling
and
child
"The
his
over
look.
jerking
directions
which
it
passed
questioning
a
surprize.
necklace.'
your
child
"The
in
child
the
the
without
beheld
disciple
understanding.
"The
a
then
moment,
"
allowed
philosopher
'Pick
toward
turning
said
up,'
them
them
he,
reflect
to
the
'I
for
child:
them
return
to
you.'
"
right
the
to
the
"Over
smile
"
if
'Then,
of
I
take
success,
'This
back
face
and,
said
I
have
money,
shells?'
my
the
of
child,'
piece of
the
keep
old
sage
turning
he,
there
toward
'has
just
which
held
a
passes
the
pupil
answered
you:
"
'Bound
by
the
thread
them
to-
:
SPEECH
40
for
search
disastrous
not
all
for
exact,
expression
to
both
determining
be
not
can
essential
therefore,
without
speaking;
are
is,
idea
The
and
and
the
its
position,
alone
permits
eliminates
delivered
orations
thinkers
it
to
speakers.
of
art
guage
lanthe
ambiguity,
by
those
who
III
LESSON
**
Speech/'
of
"It
of
of
become
order
"Speech
by
his
show
to
body,
clever
a
to
be
likened
the
us
fense,
self-de-
protector
sudden
whose
starts
road
swords,
imaginary
destined
forth,
advanced
soldiers
to
of
shield
sword,
these
of
who
proved
question
the
attack.
adversary.
burst
chief,
of
to
wound
attack.
the
to
out
which
a
ished
brand-
weapon
impetuously
must
to
lead
them
victory.
"But
a
the
the
may
a
scorn
shock
has
is
ment
instru-
an
weapon
has
it
not
sometimes
who
terrible
brandish
the
flames
all
when
intimidate
"From
him
a
should
to
flashes
the
ignore
not
time
same
Demosthenes
all,
one
in
or
great
above
that,
the
at
defense
"The
do
who
those
tual
effec-
most
influence.
its
can
*.'is the
Xanthes,
says
instrument
power
SHIELD
OR
SWORD
to
the
the
influence
weapon
of
speech
warrior.
41
heart
must
as
be
well
handled
as
the
by
42
SPEECH
does
"Victory
such
never
"Speech
is used
by
have
power
only
becomes
a
his
in
or
"When
in
"The
few
oratorical
"One
of
the
attack
in
sterile
'
'
will
be
not
"His
strong,
tation
osten-
of
resume
a
wound
can
is
thought
sword-thrnsts
not
can
densed
con-
be
those
are
feints.
useless
by
would
who
absorbing
strongly
too
commended
re-
victorious
be
should
thoughts
to
not
in
be
to
strength
waste
harassed, breathless, and
the
lack
long
his
his
his
and
of
made
loses
without
vital
will
thought,
adversary,
exact."
he
with
fatigue
in
success
before
enemy
hand,
of
the
point and
blows,
declare
steel
useless
efforts.
of
to
his
weak
because
other
and
combat.
Otherwise,
reach
in
they
hindered
least
him
to
the
that
conciseness
"Also,
hand
sure
the
are
brilliant
is the
one
a
it
words.
most
where
when
weapon
lost
conceived,
condition
on
and
attacks.
phrases
strongly
deeply,
real
be
feeble,
masses.
with
to
unjustifiable
the
thought
the
a
blows
the
to
over
striking
man
allowing
not
belong
not
his
aim,
force,
him
compel
and
if
his
he
the
will
troubled
attacks, it
confidence.
will
but,
never
on
soon
very
fall under
latter
be
the
the
clever,
SWORD
From
this
all, the
"Conciseness
know
and
SHIELD
interesting
above
draw,
OR
is
how
to
which
we
take
comparison
following
force
a
of
acquire
we
should
we
should
lesson:
which
if
advantage,
must
4-3
if
we
attain
can
do
we
not
it,
possess
it."
Who
has
listen
long
to
sum
time
suddenly
is the
stroke,
is to
the
of
a
doctrine
of
undo
the
of
of
his
the
chariot
the
minds
it
increased
act
of
by
as
apply
to
on
mission
this
;
solves
re-
saber
a
whose
is also
the
ciples
prin-
and
energy
symbolic
the
sword,"
the
action
making
which
a
held
severed
it
ander,
Alex-
attempt
yoke
to
says
of
vain
the
consecrated
Gordian
which
lined?
out-
conception.
of
knot
heavy
"This
based
it
saw
defense
irresistibly
the
of
son
of
the
instead
who,
we
to
appeared
dis-
purpose
orators,
desire
of
"recalls
Xanthes,
shaft
who
courage
use
of
obliged
argument
an
ideas
those
"This
to
the
of
undaunted
whose
difficulty,
province
propagate
right
by
the
being
thought
we
debates
up
from
discourses,
each
To
suffered
not
to
the
Jupiter
by
with
one
blow
sword.
mainly
was
others
the
a
intended
favorable
confidence
of
create
in
impression,
for
to
the
superstitious
SPEECH
44
the
empire
the
yoke
And
of
from
"How
a
to
the
shaft."
clever
from
this
was
of
skein
definite
separate
extricated
have
complicated
less
not
fame,
legendary
to
using
by
the
disentangle
ambiguities.
principle
the
was
called
of
talent
whom
Phocion,
Demosthenes,
master,
promising
would
orators
phrase
and
warrior
the
common
our
hatchet
'the
brated
cele-
of
his
that
he
'
discourse.
"This
could
of
knot
sophisms
"This
oracle
who
position
a
and
decisive
him
the
:
many
themselves
than
Asia
adds
he
in
all believed
soldiers, who
talent
was
understand
not
natural
so
him
to
forth
it called
why
such
admiration.
unfolded
had
he
wonderful
from
be
many
I
said
the
former
the
toward
stupid
some
speakers
after
honey,
such
burst
a
forth
his
friends,
them:
modeled
To
applause
turning
then,
asked
'Have
How
in
talent
audience.
"Phocion
"
special
that
speech,
extemporary
an
this
manner
the
simply
during
day,
"One
the
of
modern
applause
seems
of
which
distribution
ought
times
general
Athenian
"
thing?'
like
to
!
delicious
is their
due.
Those
speakers
45
who
rare
are
is
what
friends
their
asking
SHIELD
OR
SWORD
the
of
think
would
of
cause
noisy-
approbation.
We
the
these
Generally
they
the
reward
finding
their
it with
such
can
not
such
tasted
of
in
attaining
excellence.
general,
and
them
does
culture
the
that
they
sincerity?
its
appreciate
in
themselves,
Athenian
the
dwelt
as
wishes
who
should
permit
not
of
souls
sterner
his
audience
search
must
be
will
which
and
"But,"
to
these
"There
for
most
are
cultivate
very
of
he
this
or
less
that
himself
approbation
precious
that
in
receive;
to
find
should
the
criticism.
the
trenchant
more
it is within
most
honest
who
praise,
principles
again
continues
all
;
the
him
to
himself
it is in
the
on
himself
perfect
to
rely
not
sincere, of
find
by
ancestors.
he
given
of
astonishes
intellectual
But
wisest
that
rarely
efforts
their
with
accurately
Xanthes'
and
is
critical
standard
as
applause
doubts
he
for
them,
Modern
art
orators
agree
praise
very
are
personal
own
that
of
of
beverage
to
discretion.
without
Is
and
recognized
is
talent
whose
justice
render
however,
should,
philosopher,
the
and
decisive
few
among
art
of
"it
is
oratory
not
to
words.
public
speakers
46
SPEECH
who
know
who
them,
recognize
the
categorical
will
few
by
"We
became
"As
the
is
the
of
mass
at
these
for
other
of
ers
speaka
cause
battle
a
as
the
?
that
all
masses
at
of
majority
when
acquired
of
use
reserved
thought
we
the
the
word-sword,
deed
if
of
it is with
eloquence
of
err
leaders
fewer
uttered
triumph
the
heroic
should
gift
the
know
some
be
that
a
that
virtue
by
won
is
and
never
achieved
conclude
phrases
privileged
should
they
far
moment,
then
we
first place, and
the
that
psychological
"Must
is
in
these
once.
all
talents,
our
decided
has
one
men
to
win.
"It
is
in
succeed
uttering
situation
the
"Ideas
said
in
those
first
preceding
be
be
be
imbued
that
study
which
phrases
wound
decide
sary.
adver-
the
analyzed,
has
as
we
been
chapter.
studied
must
must
we
rational
dangerously
or
should
the
"They
and
slow
by
with
most
attentively,
them
in
a
and
definite
manner.
"Then
which
"The
must
we
there
is
moment
it in
no
try
to
form
an
from
opinion
appeal.
will
phrases.
then
have
arrived
to
mulate
for-
SPEECH
48
modern
a
the
reducing
By
utilitarian
and
daily
application
Yes,
the
of
theory
Xanthes
proportions,
of
advice
the
to
we
more
shall
find
he
gives
which
us.
decisive
situations
resolve
could
What
weak
of
judges
knot;
vain
with
leans
tries
unfasten
to
a
him
tience
pa-
tion
associa-
what
which
the
is
a
he
appears;
energy
glance
;
it is not
by
untying
this
too
valuable
to
to
others
and
suppresses,
present.
and
his
able
inextricbe
lost
in
his
phrase
least
the
the
;
he
rises
the
allows
in
of
one
any
place
he
involved
annihilates
in
tangle,
take
unending
intention,
eradicating
at
be
before
and,
the
upon
him,
reflects.
become
to
preceded
discussions
to
seem
have
looks
obstacle,
orators
anticipate
telling
who
it, then
arguments,
by
at
at
nails
discourses
prolix
able
of
man
time
the
over
around
own
enduring
vain?
a
all the
Long
the
to
attempts.
As
he
his
necessary
around
knot
situation
his
ruin
to
way
the
most
institution,
in
sudden
a
often
the
what
strive
of
All
which
its Gordian
not
ones
is
elucidate.
not
family,
has
word
their
them
and
is
with
useless
difficulty, which
form
which
it
assumes
jectures
con-
he
SWORD
Shall
we
No,
certainly
in
'
'
but
he
it
compels
thus
way,
and
thought
it?
the
be
to
ating
regener-
results
which
produced.
therein
tells
who
is Xanthes
It
49
annihilated
different
very
of
SHIELD
has
not;
a
field
the
he
that
say
presented
are
OR
is
Conciseness
us
:
of
element
an
in
success
every
discourse.
conciseness,
"By
of
shortness
and
long
contains
fewest
*
'
be
the
if
in
exprest
one
very
concise,
very
each
be
can
it
the
possible words,
Those
do
who
but
of
sword
Passing
which
will
have
rule
in
and
babblers,
speech
to
on
Athenian
"Speech,
the
the
composes
old
this
observe
not
the
will
never
their
hands
of
appearance
knife."
jagged
the
time
ideas,
understand
not
discourse
a
;
same
many
anything
the
a
duration
at
must
one
of
interpretation
title
second
of
the
this
picture
chapter,
continues:
in
certain
is
cases,
distinctively
a
shield.
"We
have
did
Greece
view
"One
in
just said
not
that
consider
cases
of
defense.
can
but
admire
the
it
the
greatest
from
depth
this
of
of
orator
point
this
of
ciple.
prin-
SPEECH
50
blows
the
ought
"And
to
question
of
weapon,
fall
the
upon
this
is
attack,
above
when
is
it
willing
be
all;
shield.
means,
to
therefore,
ought,
of
force
the
weaken
a
endure
to
the
timidate
in-
to
invulnerability
the
by
adversary
than
blows
less
used
be
to
it confers.
which
hesitate
would
"One
him
attack
to
which
scales
with
covered
seems
pierced
be
not
can
who
by
sword.
"And,
of
use
the
approaching
him
of
to
a
consider
"It
clude
ex-
fear,
force
to
near
in
reach
disturbing
as
unwise
is
some
The
part
use
that
guard."
to
to
of
then
of
it defeats
finest
the
attacks
may
serenity.
and
defect
to
tempered-steel
shield
posed
com-
adversary
oneself
the
to
sword-word
the
his
expose
perceive
the
his
that
to
therefore
ought
of
thoughts
ideal
adversary
sense,
not
within
was
one
orator
alongside
shield
of
* '
that
does
might
one
sufficiently
enemy
prudent
"Every
the
shield
sword.
his
wear
a
sword,
the
himself,
show
of
bearing
the
as
the
on
defensive
only
use
the
in
to
shield
"The
a
a
all.
them
to
is
shield
"The
is valuable
and
puts
to
be
allow
found
cuirass.
in
this
prudence
SWORD
In
less
with
symbolical
Xanthes
influence
that
of
one
his
plans,
it is
always
invulnerable
man.
is
This
and
one
their
arrows
them,
or
in
knowingly
Let
add
us
that
adversary,
It
our
all
the
enthusiasts
ardent
allow
the
his
behind
present
his
according
oneself
off
as
fearing
shield,
it best
only
some
to
break
will
spare
employ
to
who
one
pears
ap-
it
to
baffles
always
reserve
does
not
cherished
allow
him
projects
to
the
or
conceal.
in
valuable
of
desire
be
dialog,
for
it
realization, which
apparent
without
lating
calcu-
consequences.
in
Strong
each
flight intriguers
to
solid
great
we
above
dissembles
himself
of
which
is
the
discover
to
pass
attacking
because
any
sentiment
all
fears.
to
think
self-
coolness,
own
who,
a
to
fight.
to
perceive
to
will
least
at
easy
an
people,
his
formulate
his
clever
against
and
desire
of putting
way
evil-minded
them
of
how
impression
will
one
interpretation
Then
an
each
agree
knows
apparent
will
shall
we
reserve
an
his
adversaries
which
the
to
his
produce
under
61
who
orator
by
will
that,
SHIELD
language,
the
people
possession
more
OR
his
apparent
the
shield
objections
apathy,
of
reserve
or
his
he
who
hides
knows
how
projects
with
SPEECH
52
such
impenetrable
an
unable
are
he
attaches
leading
in
times
in
that,
shield,
The
in
Athenian
forms
indifference
of
by
interested
un-
used
in
discussion,
appropriate
at
cessions
con-
they
secure,
formulate
sitions
propo-
relinquishment.
had
already
public
if
we
itself
quired.
ac-
speaking
or
believe
may
adopt
can
to
is
obtaining
to
they
philosopher,
and
of
their
which
when
parliamentary
the
is completely
they
compel
to
privileges
the
them
he
hoped
where
tending
of
versaries
ad-
importance
deceives
instead
had
they
point
the
that
expression
the
which
reach
what
he
his
only
not
them.
marked
so
but
think
to
that,
divine
to
them,
to
them
Truth
air
thousand
a
different
many
names.
"For
many,"
by
of
class
pressing
too
"Other
tedious
"The
take
in
refuge
which
order
to
presented
re-
this
elude
proclaim
constitutes
a
principles
whose
series
magnificent
of
arguments.
"Still
whose
behind
be
may
resolutions.
orators
total
sum
may
shield
idea,
general
a
people
he, *'the
says
a
few
influence
invoke
more
reasoning
majority
take
is
the
ideas
under,
established.
shelter
behind
high-
OR
SWORD
sounding
SHIELD
such
words,
63
abnegation,
as:
virtue,
patriotism.
"We
do
for
sincerity,
in
from
compelling
his
the
for
are
of
they
orator
this
make
to
them
of which
of
skill
lack
foundation
shadow
respect
and
audience
solid
the
the
they
among
the
but
entrenched;
are
of
under
arguments,
that
number
large
a
insinuate
to
convinced
absolutely
their
wish
not
sists
con-
conviction
share
them
this
conviction,"
insists
Xanthes
as
follows
the
which
the
will
aid
means
to
to
us
he
theme
truth,
reasoning
this
he
uses
the
that
to
orations,
results, by
them
opponents,
to
tablish
es-
to
introducing
all
phrase
word-shield.
struct
in-
words,
by
which
ploying
em-
to
or
other
into
last
not
how
their
attitude
mental
signification of
when
into
ment
argu-
are
know
they
in
of
these
side;
permit
confute
that
line
whose
obtaining
which
the
of
element
the
in
words
their
seems
idea
them
clearly
It
his
develops
if
admired,
defensive
inquirers,
the
brilliant
no
least
the
strengthen
orators
some
are
presents
insert
and
which
that
on
:
"There
always
further
ideas"
''shield
the
calls
still
the
their
cussions."
dis-
lates
recapituAthenian
SPEECH
54
is in
It
the
reality
adversary's
to
protect
of
wise
surest
This
in
is,
for
the
is
also
from
one
the
whom
he
these
know
two
is
how
to
wield
so
weapons,
ments
argu-
is
say,
when
to
his
of
the
arguments
in
the
hope
which
of defense
and
has
attitude,
employed,
ceals
con-
intentions
the
combating.
''a
Xanthes,
says
in
his
by
thought
of
power
unfold
that
bulwark
him
"Finally,"
will
to
force
reserve
this
destroying
those
to
defensive
the
orator
successively
has
without
the
allowing
disconcerted
the
he
permits
perceptible
because
the
adversary,
exhausted
which
being
understanding,
with
among
thought.
its influence
of
triumph,
permits
the
attitude
one's
exert
method
a
debate
of
ability
escape.
to
of
the
confusion
artifice
an
to
tension
reason
which
resisting
an
dissemble
word,
a
it should
whom
the
assume
create
is to
reflection
mental
It
we
to
way
opponents,
time
while
oneself,
it is also
but
attacks,
of
means
expectancy.
The
one's
the
only
not
to
his
clever
advantage
own
and
different
orator
yet
both
so
indispensable.
"He
will
when
moment
back
understand
his
breath,
his
to
how
to
tired
opponent,
detach
for
a
for
the
will
get
watch
moment
out,
the
shield
SPEECH
56
properly,
or
take
be
sure
will
reserve
of
cause
avoid
to
the
the
of
shield
serious
most
of
is
orator
an
due
usually
to
wit.
clever
there
So
behind
refuge
failure.
popularity
The
his
to
are
who
talent
exceedingly
with
some
hold
not
can
able
respectof
attention
the
the
public.
far
Others,
of
charming
in
succeed
them
causing
only
It
recognize
is
the
of
defense
dash
charm
sudden
a
of
These
"Not
force
orators
in
only
when
defects
practise
the
and
which
art
chapter.
taking
in
refuge
both
possess
and
sary
adver-
an
upon
or
a
the
enigmatic
the
the
words
when
they
they
say
in
attention
of
"
"
extent
thinker.
the
and
the
to
qualities.
swashbuckler
the
oratory,
brilliant
they
reserve,
of
art
their
all
down
attack
of
full
of
this
in
sweeping
Alternately
in
who
latter
the
hearers
forget
their
speaks
Xanthes
their
to
to
in
versed
less
a
celebrated
but
speak,
nothing.
spite
""
of
thing,
every-
proverb
even
at
ments
mo-
IV
LESSON
AND
ELOQUENCE
OF
WEALTH
OF
is,"
"There
WIT
"a
Xanthes,
says
LENCE
OPU-
cious
capri-
very
bird.
"They
in
few
are
he
caught;
he
pastoral
flute,
"He
the
came,
in
order
"But
far
is
escape
enters,
listens
for
he
listen
the
sweet
different
does
intention
the
to
also
of
to
away
his
wild.
be
is
stay
voice
soon
dow.
win-
open
as
other
of
the
attracted
the
to
then,
song
melody
being
an
some
human
of
moment
a
easily
sound
to
from
instrument,
flies
to
from
willingly
which
and
a
he
himself
there
simple
the
for
be
to
the
at
sounds
sound
"He
quickly
musical
some
he
the
him
keep
to
himself
allows
comes
allows
"He
of
how
know
cage.
a
"However,
by
who
the
quickly
urges
as
habitation
lute.
and
momentary,
ringing
trills
out
in
him
place.
not
of
take
flight,
returning.
57
however,
without
a
ward
to-
58
SPEECH
(("
'It is not
these
unusual
various
only
the
"At
far
and
times,
his
native
before
elapses
departs
he
will
very
back
comes
the
tured.
cap-
him
very-
long
time
the
to
wing,
be
lead
a
is
presence
on
will
flight
haunts;
he
his
imagines
also, his
after
reappear
but
he
he
moment
from
him
see
migrations;
evanescent,
from
to
of
point
departure.
"But,
of
most
and
definitely,
by
a
of
a
he
from
cage,
"The
how
all)
"This
all
all
his
songs,
attraction
the
charm
of
of
the
and
the
adds:
shuts
him
up
to
the
by
bird
tention.
At-
sity
diver-
the
with
successfully
neighboring
unwind
knew
important
(most
how,
in
escape.
person
attract
compete
shepherd's
to
grasp
this
knew
to
the
is that
which
to
from
try
with
air
an
agreeable
not
charms
continuing
Xanthes
does
this
variety,
the
story,
he
lowed
fol-
that
away
gently
bird-fancier
of
And,
him
away
absences.
sometimes
fly
not
for
unite
to
does
soar
appearances,
particularly
which
reason
not
prolonged
seem
seizes
who
one
of
will
then
;
less
or
does
he
brief
it happens
song
him
time,
makes
more
"However,
or
the
lute
or
with
flute."
the
thread
of
his
AND
ELOQUENCE
he
"But
of
assured
"If
by
neglects
he
of
to
bird,
song,
the
cage,
will
the
variety
triumph
his
dies
melo-
if he
permits
and
monotonous
to
silence
Attention
of
falling
will
alone
this
from
escape
before
long
which
from
;
able
being
wait
bird
charms
one-chord
a
not
not
slumber
manifold
infinite
listen
to
the
interest
to
the
their
and
a
in
asleep
victory.
means
bird
fall
not
must
59
WIT
his
asleep,
awaken
him."
The
is
what,
"the
have
To
for
is
Now,
the
est
great-
the
greatest
difficulties.
of
the
public"
always
the
like
will
effort
constant
faithful
the
going
showing
to
to
to
plies
im-
attract
tell
us
to
"Most
orators,"
"With
some
abundance
this
of
what
is
old
ih'e
origin
having
Athenian
of
it, by
it.
combat
he
it.
the
us,
him
from
principle, after
to
their
story,
far
recall
to
his
mistake
how
us
vain
the
wander
and
in
in
bird
the
escape
striving
indicated
an
demands
fact,
audience.
attention
is
speaks
philosopher
also
ear
orator
an
Otherwise,
who
of
offers
and
the
which
matter
a
as
care
his
of
capture
says,
"err
disposition
high-sounding
is
through
manifested
words.
tremes.
ex-
by
SPEECH
60
'
'
accumulate
without
without
'
'
Certain
of
individual
the
from
particular
"Their
of
made
spread
resemble
sparkling
scales,
them
all, forming
light, seeming
of
blaze
"Generally
of
"This
those
lack
Orators
those
to
who
will
of
whom
terminology
the
of
the
in
is
glance
a
distance
the
arrest
trumpet
flute.
words,
one
be
to
attention
which
is
of
also
as
creating
weariness
a
evident
the
by
be
of
simplicity
the
method
only
thought
of
dying
reme-
discipline.
we
listen
understand
dispassionate
of
at
short
to
cuirasses
reflection
whose
a
absolute
to
expression
and
one
attention.
the
return
this
are
certain
of
listen
who
of
"To
'
fail
inevitably
ends
flagging
'
both
accumulation
among
and
metal.
each
audience.
their
ideas,
at
of
sheet
single
one
of
appreciated.
discourses
over
which
multiplicity
brilliancy
being
them.
all, words
their
but
effects,
and
analyze
to
above
seek,
startling
prevents
leisure
they
method
systematized
any
them
ideas, which
excessof
an
themselves
giving
produce
in
in
indulge
Others
how
phrases,
gives the
bursting
with
real
to
mingle
words
whose
impression
forth
pleasure
upon
of
the
serious
ous
sonor-
the
call
theme
AND
ELOQUENCE
''We
admire
the
but
of
murmur
"The
"But
should
"We
the
in
easily
if
violent
it
to
tinues,
con-
keep
to
the
the
any
brook
of
roll
and
nor
awake,
us
of
song
shocks
would
tempest
a
startled
be
thunder
the
should
powered
over-
wait
for
a
sound.
do
if
and
pling
rip-
a
soporific effect.
spontaneous
should
storm
in
restful
the
asleep
thunder,
same
power
be
of
the
clashing
if the
return
the
the
by
fall
of
babbling.
blowing
have
61
harmony
can
of
waves
wind
we
its
have
"Neither
more
we
rumbling
will
the
restful
the
stream,
WIT
the
if
same
deafening
the
followed
calm
a
a
suddenly
tempest
abated.
"In
the
the
gentle
attention
caused
this
of
of
ideas
ourselves
brook
our
different
the
to
ceive
per-
until,
by
up
description
that
of
concentration
should
not,
the
and
great
of
of
wealth
indefinitely,
continued
We
the
diverted
more
vivid
therefore,
powers
should
we
languor
monotony."
by
From
no
give
we
of
murmur
being
sounds,
follows
which
lull
Greek
poverty
eloquence,
becomes
among
think
however,
orators
of
should
we
a
barrier
one's
that
approves
terminology.
clude,
con-
if it be
to
the
hearers.
ple
disci-
the
of
lack
62
SPEECH
After
having
opposite
"An
the
and
which
relates
habitual
be
of
part
"It
that
of
"This
not
of
oratory,
the
attention
cultivation
which
rhythm,
studies
all
ought
pursued
by
of
to
those
there
the
on
this
cedure
pro-
understanding
of
moderation,
the
to
simplicity
will
the
and
superb
object
intend
who
on
them.
strong
be
but
of
the
acquire
on
and
effort
understand
and
desirable
prevent
mental
phraseology
foundation
words
observation
will
one
rhythmic
sure
for
attentive
by
in
mind
expressions,
elegant
to
terms:
his
opulence
the
study
to
us
concentrate
audience
his
against
following
the
necessity
no
is
in
to
of
use
advises
he
should
guard
our
on
ideas
orator
should
us
extravagance,
expression
that
put
of
all
in
speak
to
public.
moderation
"This
it will
ought
conflict
never
with
be
to
that
applied
so
of
outbursts
oratorical
inspiration.
is
"It
a
after
and
circumspect
overflowing
words,
have
*^'
the
power
Noble
and
in
others
dispassionate
a
to
just
in
make
legitimate
magnificent
discussion
simplified
with
lyrical
hearts
that
will
language,
beat.
passion, revealing
will
phrases,
proportion
and
explanation
as
it
be
aroused
compels
self
itin
atten-
64
SPEECH
from
ceeding
branches,
divergence
branch
if
because,
from
the
long
take
not
main
the
in
not
exists
there
this
source
lel
paral-
the
least
deviation
converted
be
to
and
into
would
decided
a
split.
"Now
conviction
him,
object
the
into
what
Xanthes
then
who
of
subject
"It
is
make
of
a
ideas
least
weariness
for
"Too
listen
to
his
discourse
the
inherent
analyze
them
the
danger
like
out
the
upon
their
and
for
can
all,
them
brain.
and
thus,
their
proper
if he
finds
orator
wishes
himself
and
concisely
very
is
result
hearers.
find
of
ideas
orators,
of
is why
a
speech
they
is
a
fault
common
who
do
all the
rarely
not
know
superfluous
succeea
a
waves,
can
not
the
tor
ora-
of
tumultuous
them
inexperienced
"That
against
an
not
exhaustively,
"Prolixity
take
warn
which
unfold
ideas.
"to
assault
ideas
of
wealth
a
disadvantage
them
to
us
says,
single address,
a
elaborate
forced
he
which,
many
in
to
great
enough
disorderly
"The
place
too
impossible,"
strongly
torrent
indicates
of
disadvantages
to
those
instil
to
be."
may
to
of
the
is
speaker
every
mind
the
matter
no
of
in
among
how
ter.
mat-
having
AND
ELOQUENCE
their
created
be
'
As
to
reflect
to
deduce,
the
then
Xanthes
be
even
of
he
that
fail
claim
to
facts
"What
be
able
will
"He
because
to
originators
the
all
"For
the
subject
of
"Besides,
great
of
an
will
for
the
is
of
these
must
abundance
expression.
in
will
the
lieving
benot
if
perspicacity,
than
orator
an
to
?
quickly
believe
in
easily
long
and
disposed
rewarded,
be
to
devoted
themselves
to
be
it.
it
reasons,
intelligence
it
it
more
more
they
be
not
illusion
an
that,
followed
his
of
selves
them-
they
them,"
stated
has
success
violent
too
who
made
be
that
adds:
it.
all
when
order
confirm
one
every
cause
a
be
and
shrewdly
such
create
to
coordinate,
of
glory
greater
well
must
conceived
has
to
to
veloped
de-
only
direction
he
the
able
are
in
suggested
argument
it is not
positively
cases,
concisely
operations
the
take
may
majority
explanation.
listeners,
to
can
without
seen,
not
can
too
these
but
conviction
classify,
to
65
thought
already
deeply,
intelligible
"It
a
uttered
have
we
And
to
as
and
'
for
adopted,
theories
WIT
a
of
a
is
unwise
most
hearer
to
to
tics
gymnas-
nature.
not
of
be
ideas
forgotten
hinders
that
too
precision
66
SPEECH
i
1
1
'This
of
strength
"What
the
is
"It
ought
therefore,
a
in
"One
can
'
a
empty
not
in
"He
for
are
need
only
"The
the
not
ment
argu-
not
one
would
it
insist
his
is,
which
on
sent
prea
small
this
on
last
his
combining
cites
teaching,
that
looked
place
to
in
way
the
if
astonished
have
pellcase
his
in
?
would
stupid,
most
as
upon
this
trifles
this
to
them
put
useless
act
want
you
you
care
with
superficially
clever
idea
who,
would
should
be
as
the
placing
example,
taking
case,
it
:
admired;
who
by
with
be
he
and
purpose
present
strongly
illustration
a
this
Xanthes,
encumbered
room
them.
to
follow
to
tracted
at-
room.
too
argument
objects
mell
object
an
Suppose,
ten
be
pleasure
accepted
continued
following
'
them
to
have
to
pedestal
favorite
ness
weari-
must
unfolded
accomplish
to
valuable
point,"
for
necessary
desires
one
they
coveted
a
is
orator.
an
order
"In
avoided
that
seem
duty
basic
listeners.
arguments
to
prescribed
of
one's
unconsciously
the
the
speaking,
absolutely
of
part
by
a
be
must
on
"It
public
all
is
however,
exactness,
questionably
un-
and
knicknaeks
appreciated.
salesman,
on
the
contrary,
will
AND
ELOQUENCE
take
to
care
oording
in
walk
around
them
from
"He
such
whose
"The
if
take
is
should
be
appreciated
"He
will
for
idea
once
puerile
the
tention
at-
from
that
to
the
thoughts
his
audience
and
valued
care
not
to
and
then
they
as
serve
de-
of
to
to
in
he
would
of
the
his
returning
again,
the
to
he
wanted
to
seized
again
the
quicken
the
act
his
shop,
his
take
vantage
ad-
part
the
memory
of
ciated,
appre-
the
order
statue
arm.
that,
salesman
buyer
in
picture,
have
the
chant
mer-
statue,
a
a
up
of
outline
the
of
profits
to
quickly
he
like
do
order
admire
did
it
leave
which
as
outside
one,
abandon
second.
down
it
well
obliged
second
boasted
began
So
good
thus
acting
then
'
a
the
design
'
with
inspiration
his
submit
to
quickly
first
who
and
going
take
of
the
litter
to
be.
to
putting
not
distract
desires
he
he
"By
admire
to
them
would
should
orator
the
to
visitors.
which
to
arately
sep-
possible
careful
exhibits
he
presence
example,
first
be
ac-
side.
where
of
them
able
being
thus
objects
place
it will
that
scrupulously
be
these
will
he
;
way
every
room
objects,
this
a
them,
will
the
up
value
their
to
of
each
arrange
67
WIT
would
to
be
recall
68
SPEECH
merits
the
had
of
each
of
one
of
works
the
he
art
seen.
*'He
would
perfection
of
admiration
the
and
the
of
the
and
"We
of
these
to
nation
imagi-
in
outlines
the
latter,
this
given
review
his
between
perception
the
which
objects
beauty
"Too
of
Some
so
sired
de-
he
them
one
probability,
the
nor
resemble
in
and
described,
these
ideas
mass
other
exhibited
unsatisfactorily
orators
many
the
all
inadequately
so
was
in
that,
neither
purchase
whose
be
interposed
be
conclude
can
will
the
if
evoke.
to
* '
would
picture
he
of
the
upon
himself
to
would
he
beauties
recollections
rather
not
when
deciding
asking
drawing,
a
ought
statue,
before
hesitate
merchants.
indescribable
an
disorder.
"Others
present
them
obliged
unite
of
to
the
be
undertake
a
conclusion
of
that
so
real
are
numerous
aggressive,
of
from
pell-mell,
in
order
the
with
one
listener
the
task
tering
scat-
is
to
not
evolution
other.
the
"Very
to
simultaneously,
them
two
"There
the
so
much
fable, they
different
are
those
also
so
who
that,
seem
to
allow
like
have
them
the
taurs
cen-
sprung
beings.
those
who,
as
with
blows
AND
ELOQUENCE
from
overwhelm
hatchet,
a
which
which,
for
"But
those
are
opulent
the
and
allowed
they
blow
his
who
time
when
the
they
dazed
tener
lis-
wits.
the
join
of
eloquence,
aimed
allowing
back
get
to
"There
to
is
without
another
time
guments
ar-
understood.
scarcely
deliver
with
conclusive,
if
be,
69
public
believe
would
be
to
the
they
perhaps,
them
WIT
which
of
wealth
have
we
ideas
already
spoken.
"So
do
well
that
deafened
one
desire:
the
experience
to
understands
of
is
how
to
have
only
and
to
the
discreet
enclose
the
minds
his
simple
by
ideas,
renew
possible.
as
tightened
net
words,
the
of
flood
torture
seldom
as
pose
pur-
beneath
the
loud
this
escape
different
the
drowned
by
blast
the
their
accomplish
submerged
by
"How
these
audience,
the
metaphors,
vnth
all
who
speaker
of
others
and
pregnable
im-
arguments.
"He
a
does
time,
is
all
his
acceptable
by
"He
not
will
harsh-sounding
how
to
use
them
before
he
at
tains
ascer-
it
and
it
one.
despise
words,
so
it
idea
one
understand
hearers
each
than
more
abandoning
never
that
unfold
not
that
but
abrupt
he
they
will
will
phrases
and
understand
lose
none
of
SPEECH
70
and
effect,
their
their
that
way
will
will
appeal
in
them
employ
be
a
incitement
sure
a
such
conviction.
to
when
moment
its
wings
he
fills
to
the
fly
with
from
the
seize
of
spreads
which
auditorium
his
voice,
and
he
will
which
diversion
some
upon
public
his
the
it."
retain
Would
not
one
some
had
of
sound
the
immediately
will
attention
away
certainty
with
decide
will
he
"Finally
before
years
just
'
who
for
becoming
are
the
more
ten
writ-
lines,
of
beginning
the
published
been
these
that
suppose
era,
our
of
use
turers,
lecevery
numerous
day!
If
these
that
acknowledge
redundant
it
true
the
be
sincere,
be
to
is
success
inflated
and
will
wish
latter
speaker
any
of
inheritance
the
not
a
will
they
lot
of
a
than
more
too-prolific
thinker.
It
belongs
his
effects
all
speakers
flight
few
him
to
and
among
migratory
the
caging
would
understands
who
like
them
to
are
bird,
and
capture
able
varying
to
arrest:
which
whose
tention.
At-
SPEECH
72
"Eloquence
is
''It
who
fervent
become
to
those
only
reaches
crowds
above
all,
the
times,
at
of
and
disciples.
is,
also,
ready
all
convinced,
are
deciding
the
of
means
of
acts
to
power
suade.
per-
attracting
self-
and
heroism
sacrifice.
'
'
this
in
However,
it is not
form
last
often
so
used.
effort
"Impassioned
only
life,
in
a
the
have
of
step
every
others
of
need
the
but
limited
relatively
of
secret
belong
and
ladder,
it in
who
those
the
powerful
most
exists
conviction
developing
the
to
sess
pos-
ordinary
in
power
inspiring
social
the
emotions
tender
and
of
hearts
in
race
the
world.
*
'
Heroic
times
brilliant,
more
results
achieves
eloquence
but
they
a
at
are
thousand
times
less
definite.
"The
state
the
word,
of
inspired
of
state
in
a
things
ill carried
and
And
the
be
of
moment
old
by
in
aid
environment,
heroic
reaching
eloquence
modified,
in
surroundings,
the
mind,
the
enthusiasm
;
but,
clusions
con-
if this
made
resolutions
often
are
a
regretted
out,"
Greek
psychologist,
orator,
continues
who
as
is
also
follows:
a
found
pro-
''"WTio
of
for
preparation
the
who
dazzling
bloom
the
sky,
of
dome
of
not
amid
serenity
upon
they
have
admirable
an
orations?
under
flowers,
the
blue
the
aid
precious
a
persuasion,
recently
been
have
is
"This
why
its
words
which
"Less
striking
in
'
the
motives.
cepts
pre-
of
power
who
adepts,
more
no
eloquence
the
magic
present
tion.
situa-
from
the
to
is the
efficacious
artifice
quence
elo-
derives
and
situation.
abnormal
compel
of
is contented
it, and
its
to
by
the
by
admission
pret
inter-
potence
omnithose
it addresses."
According
kind
only
power
eloquence
speech
of
beware
demonstrate
truth,
of
whom
of
form
This
must
adopts
an
their
their
case
roars,
convinced.
but
from
the
adapted
are
which
benefit
in
we
borrows
which
tempest
and
losing
of
least
at
the
clouded
danger
in
are
and
falls
becomes
mentality
the
'
speak
night
when
"But
no
the
to
?
nature
of
of
conclusion
the
people
it is
that
think
not
we
subjected
"been
not
?
scenery
"Should
"Wise
has
us
among
influence
73
ELOQUENCE
OF
should
to
be
Xanthes,
inspired
eloquence
by
three
of
whatever
principle
SPEECH
74
With
the
defines
he
them
follows
as
"The
first
"All
polemics
:
justice.
is
motive
characteristic,
is his
which
exactness
ought
based
be
to
this
upon
motive.
"It
defended,
cleverly
"The
of
of
chance
a
being
of
full
be
orator
the
are
talent,
reasons:
himself
be
may
whose
argument
an
principle,
rare.
orator
reason
convinced,
point
of
and,
if
by
departure
erroneous.
"In
of
case,
he
is
he
will
be
able
the
truth,
real
will
this
his
them
in
long
do
not
from
either
of
attitude.
time,
crumble
proclaimir.g
of
disciples
that
the
of
orator
which
scorn
deserves.
wish
and
arguments
the
expressing
refer
to
recognizes
orator
question
this
with
the
doctrine
false
"'We
the
be
not
and
will
suasive,
per-
hearers
of
period
error,
upon
simultaneously
ruins
brief
a
be
he
his
convince
to
during
faith, resting
this
in
sincere
this
veracity
its
but
a
if the
following
"The
is
is
fact
the
unjust
an
have
may
received,
favorably
but
that
happen
can
a
insists
he
feeling
self-interest
of
the
where
case
of
foundation
weak
the
yet
to
on
vanity
influences
presenting
or
him
because
to
take
"But
fails
falsehood
such
arguments
mark
which
"On
the
which
all
and,
like
speaks
should
influence
cause
which
is
"One
may
talent,
person,
whom
"However,
in
convincing
knew
"This
did
or
not
out
with-
he
that
the
case
protection
of
to
who
of
the
where
unjust,
a
humanity
in
argue
be
to
of
favor
and
he
a
presses
ex-
thus:
that
object
they
the
called
were
judges
of
innocence
of
nized
recog-
own
viction
con-
a
guilty
to
upon
have
them
among
many
their
against
the
of
men
many
argued
have
proclaiming
by
fall
force,
justice
foresees
knows
himself
ers,
listen-
the
the
orator
an
of
stop
defending."
good
he
of
of
persuaded
be
the
minds
the
phrases
conviction
indispensable
Xanthes
will
and
results.
any
he
for
desire
like
the
aim,
times,
little
deprived
is, therefore,
However,
"
beyond
pass
speakers
too
reaching
arrows
which
cause
attain
to
other
at
with
accomplishing
''It
public
contrary,
before
half-way
them
the
persuasion.
uttered
are
overshoot
violently, they
too
is called
which
for
audience;
an
always
almost
which
at
target
impress
to
it is intended
shot
arrows
75
ELOQUENCE
OF
succeeded
which
innocence
defend.
they
exist.
assertion
is
true,
and
so
many
famous
76
SPEECH
confirm
examples
of
doubt
a
'
'
But
are
the
redemption
"The
beauty
the
when
to
desire
of
a
conscience
of
the
they
him
able
"We
will
might
which
day
every
give
who
insist
not
we
see
the
to
appeal
The
pathetic
use
indulgence
to
is
heart
in
insincere
not
are
to
get
for-
them
future
because
redemption
will
efforts
be
punishment.
is
the
of
often
confounded
of this
truth
opinion,
because
contemporary,
a
of eminent
example
of
support
criminals,
how
the
very
soul,
a
innocence,
the
a
' '
on
that
be
they
oratorical
redemption.
of
that
of
and
makes
this
justice
by
contributing
well-deserved
for
desire
"The
with
from
save
;
of
their
whom
to
motive
thinking
only
are
of
who
men
action
purpose
pleading
are
possibility
no
these
such
the
of the
error
they
of
moved
that
forget
sentiment:
noble
is
there
not
must
crime
that
its truth,
to
as
one
defend
it
their
favor
of
accents,
with
talent
lawyers
whom
they
making
which
edged
acknowl-
to
fervent
a
every
know
generous
filled.
motive,
second
according
to
Xanthes,
is
destination.
'
'
Before
should
have
"Whether
everything
a
a
to
be
eloquent
aim.
definite
serious
discourse
or
frivolous,
real
or
vision-
ELOQUENCE
OF
ary,
this
mind
of
will
purpose
the
orator
demonstrate
After
for
"If
careful
the
questioning
'
of
'
will
They
the
want
exceed
them
seemed
of
their
long
and
able
if
benefit, they
would
surely
begin
by
it
will
the
if,
refuse
change.
it will
last,
what
know
should
seemed
to
if
the
in
fact, they
derive
not
an
make.
surmount,
could
make
obstacles
the
attractions,
they
to
projected
have
no
displays.
to
to
journey
to
that
thought
how
difficult
too
to
of
be
the
strength,
object
ing
strik-
it
time
much
it,
will
they
tion,
destina-
will
they
learn
making
length
the
the
to
for
reason
acquaintances
"If
is
hard
so
which
how
about
what
find
friends
some
replying
you
and
occupy
to
before
excursion,
obscure
an
comparison
scrutiny
propose
you
direct
to
concerning
following
the
him
would
explanations
find
definite
' '
clearly.
some
we
himself
tlie
ing
prov-
a
toward
hearers
he
which
conclusion
to
his
in
orations
for
difficult
be
of
attention
the
his
interpreting
not
would
it
theory,
outlined
exactly
otherwise,
;
and
nothing
be
77
any
to
route
special
accompany
you.
"It
them
found
happen,
might
might
you
join
an
you
however,
at
the
incompetent
that
outset;
guide,
some
but
among
if
stopping
they
at
78
SPEECH
all
the
uninteresting
the
own
"It
is
the
"His
of
that
the
and
less
refuse
listen
to
and
conclusion,
no
as
in
his
applies
mis-
who
beginning
perceive
they
finally
which
course
unable
less
are
and
lectures
the
and
the
vain, they
arguments
in
bewildered
becomes
is
his
at
soon
so
in
to
their
pursue
orator
him
as
do
interested
will
destination.
but
to
without
to, they
to
the
follows
effort
ing
choos-
home.
return
of
discourse,
lead
either
with
same
audience
his
to
science
the
roads
they
you,
simply
or
way
leave
to
and
places
monotonous
where
exactly
hesitate
not
and
long
knowing
wayside
lead
to
of
which
he
to
solve
his
problems.
There
is, according
whose
motive,
all
public
'
to
'
speakers:
quest
please
and
this
which
of
to
make
beauty,
'
'
while
charm
should
not
of
'
he
says,
third
'
to
beauty.
desire
is the
information.
giving
which
words
these
attached
be
a
indispensable
principle
the
yet
to
them
instance.
"Beauty
will
is
trifling signification
sometime
in
Xanthes,
cooperation
The
"The
to
know
is most
resides
how
to
humble
that
in
discover
as
in
is;
which
it
that
as
which
a
well
is
thinker
in
that
cent.
magnifi-
80
SPEECH
presents
ideal
no
of
inspirations
This
it is
that
of
explanation
which
merit
be
just
able
be
must
we
difficulties
by
awakening
at
the
One
able
or
the
their
weariness.
One
a
up
thing
an
at
' *
If
to
whose
the
everything
for
the
journey,
a
of
journey
them
meet
its
courageously
of
hope
how
to
compensation
interest
that
beginning,
absolutely
among
you,
excursion
up
the
halls,
them
they
necessary
forget
may
is
also,
present
to
aim.
definite
Who
on
very
the
end.
know
from
relieve
them
journey's
must
also
heard
companions
to
in
been
it is not
says,
least
at
of
indisputable.
assemble
to
is
of those
aspect
have
Xanthes
as
and
studies,
deserted
is
ing
caus-
discouragements,
many
orators
many
however
But
to
the
without
the
create.
of
secret
it
accumulation
the
to
discontinued
many
in
which
admired,
apply
to
mind
the
fails
the
the
by
much
too
wish
who
enriching
never
is
This
of
those
repugnance
difficulties
illuminated
be
not
can
for
of
means
is not
memory."
philosophy
because
sure
and
sky
it be
and
foggy,
the
at
the
mountains
thought
I shall
of
moment
has
starting
not
looked
on
reach-
:
not
start, for
OF
ing
the
summit
impose
do
I
but
attempt,
useless
they
able
distinguish
to
consider
it
worth
sometimes
are
while
fatigue."
travelers
Alpine
81
be
not
not
myself
on
Young
an
I shall
and
anything,
to
ELOQUENCE
make
careful
very
such
not
to
peat
re-
it.
This
is
why
and
knowledge
in
the
apostle,
fail
students
have
been
trip,
that
terminate,
make
to
who
the
than
preach
celebrated
he, because
they
disciples.
young
guide
thus
successful
scientific
recognized
are
imitating
less
but
win
to
The
a
talent
desert,
whose
men
many
so
have
take
good
to
care
how
to
eluded
an
the
to
such
the
by
as
As
one.
they
know,
uncertain
they
followed
have
disenchanted
so
so
second
a
who
it
will
invitation
others,
keep
interesting
un-
out
those
of
the
way.
mistake
"A
"is
to
quite
that
imagine
in
phrases,
scintillating
arrows
"This
common
"The
in
a
with
eloquence
a
closely
Xanthes,
says
consists
superabundance
wit,
in
dant
redun-
of
words
like
packed
the
quiver.
ambitious
with
common,"
phraseology
true
latter,
far
has
nothing
in
eloquence.
from
indulging
in
preten-
S2
SPEECH
tious
words,
concise
and
"The
with
endeavors
graceful
innumerable
in
thoughts
a
diction.
should
sentences
frame
to
be
never
incidents,
overburdened
with
nor
repeated
parentheses.
"Clearness
of
requisites
"A
above
should,
impression
the
first
the
are
eloquence.
discourse
give
simplicity
and
of
everything
else,
and
precision
logical
sequence.
"Homogeneity
it is due
to
of
element
is
the
the
also
be
to
harmony
of
discourse
tends
considered,
that
structure
toward
for
every
the
same
purpose.
'
'
This
leading
harmonious
in
for
of
his
discourse,
which
of
his
"Now
this
it
is
has
will
we
and
is
"This
rob
be
of
already
have
difiScult
the
he
orator;
the
who,
conclusion
the
in
lost
be
always
fatal
sions
digres-
undivided
tion
atten-
it
stated
is
to
how
fleeting
reclaim
it
once
diverted.
why
orators
young
cautioned
to
being
him
should
under
public.
how
been
risks
diagnosed
sight of
loses
moment,
a
it
of
mind
the
be
can
but
phrases,
uppermost
even
thought
distracted
against
by
not
can
allowing
stopping
their
to
look
be
ficiently
suf-
tion
atten-
for
a
OF
word
explain
to
or
momentarily
"In
first
be
however,
if
it
of
the
neglect
which
one
'
'
that
head,
all
if in
and
his
perceive
to
don
his
his
of
if
he
mind
time
"Then
he
will
"This
pause
is
few
seconds.
'
'
In
marks
"After
a
and
make
in
pause,
to
his
of
order
his
his
public
'
aban-
resolutely
repeats
a
argument.
to
conceal
last
phrase,
it
engrave
upon
pause.
when
necessary,
this
termination
a
losing
hearers,
all discourses
the
of
line
new
is
should
case
allowing
especially
his
exceed
a
the
it
as
this
should
if
occur,
be.
instead
of
he
of
the
not
everything
adopt
wished
even
function
the
should
confusion,
embarrassment,
as
not,
word,
beforehand,
is worse,
this
"During
less
discussion.
would
orator,
and
search
should
one
passing
in
discourses
what
it
escaped.
case
the
word
were
performs
good
spite
itself,
present
the
prepared
were
But
catch
has
this
"However,
proper
synonym;
applicable,
holds
same
discourse
a
approximately
only
"The
by
to
has
forgotten
the
instance,
less
or
which
them.
replaced
harmonious
83
argument
an
escaped
the
should
ELOQUENCE
pause
of
the
is the
sentences
listener
it
does
sign
in
is advised
not
which
writings.
that
a
"4
SPEECH
"iifferent
going
is
be
to
submitted
immediately
"All
to
these
linked
all
those
convince
"As
in
One
is
of
is
who
is also
his
laudable
tend,
as
which
wishes
he
to
attention
recalling
understand
to
in
also
so
how
to
ideas.
antitheses
the
contrasts
indicated,
are
it
so
to
hold
be
not
can
often
too
repeat
it is
that
attention
the
as
sary
neces-
of
from
diverted
most
hearers.
of
being
his
what
he
should
try
it; infringement
act, for
him
conviction
' '
on
whose
to
belongs
this
that, by
necessary
power,
eloquent
of
possession
keeps
compel
"of his
is
score,
orator
possessing
a
and
one
ways
al-
prepared,
opposing
qualification
in
means
should
saying.
him
"It
not
that
"The
to
lecturer
effects.
an
audience
lie
of
vocal
the
can
for
the
previously
of
means
effects
impressive
* '
attention
audience.
discourse,
a
has
of
vacillating
the
his
which
preceding
he
sure
direct
of
the
to
conclusion
"Another
is
is
theme,
new
permit
sentence,
which
his
which
will
another
the
a
and
him,
to
artifices
be
toward
also
quickened.
construct
have
if not
argument,
secret.
all
to
be
possible
worthy
other's
of
powers
penetrate
rights
the
suasion
per-
mind
OF
"We
shall
just
ELOQUENCE
in
explain
what
subsequent
a
scientific
the
85
in
chapter
composition
of
course
dis-
a
consists.
We
shall
consider
also
of
subject
imitation
length.
at
But
in
this
shall
we
that
be
the
of
art
this
of
the
is
because
being
'
*
he
This
who
his
he
gain
to
happens
is
and
speaking
words:
that
only
shall
we
lines:
defects
deliver
to
thinks
of
his
it too
long
the
perienced
inex-
speech
too
^his
only
"
time.
generally
speaking
at
perceives
the
when
moment
signs
of
weariness
audience.
''"Wishing
the
of
Xanthes
following
view
principal
orator
idea
of
point
following
the
quickly
the
by
of
pages
art
eloquence,
to
convincing.
consider
"One
the
the
to
translated
is from
It
solely
from
quote
relates
which
devoted
lesson,
only
should
in
the
novice
the
to
speaks
of
art
renders
of
manner
with
such
everything
delivery;
he
now
interminable,
excites
procedure
length,
that
rapidity
his
shading
of
impression
the
destroy
gets
forotony
mon-
and
this
in
impatience
an
audience.
"If
this
suddenly
is produced,
introduce
a
the
phrase
young
which
speaker
will
must
produce
86
SPEECH
striking
a
method
the
of
"For
a
with
contrast
preceding
in
one
operation.
if
example,
the
character
negative
the
phrase
spirited
language
of
is
exprest
be
must
employed.
"If,
the
on
subjects,
directly
a
the
used;
the
Now
Xanthes
kinds
"Outside
"there
*
'
be
That
altho
which
exprest
in
weight
and
the
eloquence.
does
being
his
winning
to
and
of
us
he
of
kinds
magnetic
of
the
in
numerabl
in-
says,
eloquence.
slightly pungent,
its
a
also
at
adopt
coarse.
imperious
by
an
an
inspiration,
of
form
of
viction,
con-
whose
priesthood.
a
sense,
common
that
each
word
carries
impress
upon
the
hearers,
exact
so
leaves
not
of
quickly
discourse,"
crudeness
terms
is
speak
to
many
result
considered
"Irony
avoids
of
familiar
"The
it
going
is revealed
purpose
if
and
dictated
which,
is
be
impression
be
caressing.
apparently
"That
can
thus
is
named
is
mind
vision,
pretentious
can
should
the
to
austere
interest."
unflagging
thei''
anew
unhappy
interpret
method
opposite
beautiful
some
dispelling
to
was
picturing
orator
audience
it
contrary,
of
form
times
a
a
eloquence.
kind
satirical
of
eloquence,
style and
if it
SPEECH
88
he
should
in
attain
the
oratorical
notable
most
contests.
"And
of
his
ordinary
how
matter
no
he
audience,
must
the
forget
never
mentality
this
ciple
prin-
:
"Very
to
of
claim
the
few
the
ignorant.
have
people
right
'
'
of
sufficient
scorning
the
instruction
approbation
LESSON
VI
ORATORICAL
RIVALRY
AND
CONVERSATION
The
of
art
according
When
the
it
takes
the
kind
name
importance,
the
the
subject.
interest
when
or
fundamental
its
truths,
it
discourse.
him
religion
its
changes
public
a
of
by
for
of
explain,
to
name
Uttered
speaking
length,
defends
is
purpose
love
the
to
and
nature,
public
whose
define
to
or
is
vocation
to
create
dogma,
a
it
a
is
titled
en-
sermon.
Less
to
solemn
but
morality
prescribing
or
disciples
always
line
a
it
students,
or
appealing
earnestly
of
adopts
conduct
the
to
of
name
oration.
Explaining
desire
who
When
to
this
principles
be
initiated,
is
lecture
ceremonious,
the
the
understanding
less
of
abstract,
of
the
89
of
it
science
a
becomes
less
a
less
adapted
it
is
those
lecture.
importance,
better
masses,
to
a
to
ference.
con-
SPEECH
90
The
for
person,
innocence
All
the
in
his
demonstrating
guilt,
of
speaking
is
speech
a
is
as
by
man
is
forms
of
means
the
art
of
of
to
petition,
com-
between
quence
elo-
the
of
art
soul
the
to
penetrate
ing
speak-
persuasion.
of
purpose
chatting,
classifications,
many
public
oratorical
contests
say,
object
an
also
frivolous
to
different
these
have
of
category
in
conviction.
and
It
accused
an
his
ways
the
that
of
attenuate
different
these
All
of
of
defense.
classed
are
defense
in
purpose
to
or
the
for
made
speech
infinitely
the
which
the
ly
equal-
comprises
principal
more
being
ones
:
Chat;
Conversation.
is
Chat
faculties
a
placed
importance
can
of
disposal
the
at
of
application
voluntary
from
vary
the
oratorical
idea,
whose
to
grave
the
trivial.
Conversation
of
a
and
exalted
less
the
is
any
them.
aspect,
attempt
When
when
the
it
character;
events,
to
which
analyze
talking
thought
is
different
of
expression
daily
verbally
statement
a
assumes
and
the
exprest,
narration
opinions
on
related
are
important
un-
out
with-
philosophy
the
a
more
psychology
learned
become
of
"If
'
'
discourse
the
says,
be
then
followed,"
be
can
of
permit
which
classes,
three
conversation,
the
Aristotle
of
method
the
Xanthes
91
dissertations.
become
they
in
factor
important
an
CONVERSATION
AND
ORATORY
divided
into
divisions
sub-
numerous
:
''The
judicial;
"The
deliberative;
"The
demonstrative.
"The
division
extends
the
simple
admission
statement
law
a
or
the
to
'
'
a
for
shall
its
science
of
cult
No
matter
to
The
that
whether
vindicate
neither
can
orator
who
the
of
of
morality.
the
discourse
guilty
escape
refuses
people
happy
ence
influ-
relates
another,
or
purpose
one
truth,
or
the
to
nature,
nation.
the
worship
the
forms:
of
a
those
by
the
to
exert
kind
demonstrative
"The
all
prosperity
the
on
beneficial
laws
to
judges.
public
a
of
wished
adopted
of
interests
promulgation
whose
is
of
behalf
is
his
bare
point
a
on
it
of
division
obtain
to
plea
minds
the
with
entrusted
struggle
for
in
doubt
the
of
benetit
whose
deliberative
The
who,
in
impassioned
most
defendant,
create
from
judicial
to
'
'
be
law
to
of
submit
the
gods,
the
delivered
it
whether
or
education
prove
be
a
tined
des-
great
construction.
to
it would
92
SPEECH
only
give
expression
those
pieces
children's
only
in
primarily
We
of
he
therefore
who
can
centuries
vividly
so
which
they
fame
old
recall
are
were
lived
orator
the
the
last
whose
era,
throughout
to
greatness
in
Christian
the
has
the
living
orators
preceding
undisputed
the
ages.
says:
'Discourse
' '
allow
immortal
those
He
they
arranged.
shall
speak,
in
order
bling
resem-
separate
when
picture
a
the
ideas
whose
games
represent
together
put
confused
to
may
Invention
be
divided
into
ten
parts:
;
''Preparation;
"'The
exordium;
"Argumentation
' *
Proposition
;
;
'Division;
"Proof;
'Refutation;
"Peroration,
"Invention,
the
art
stone
of
of
while
speaking,
the
not
springing
is, however,
magnificent
structure
directly
the
from
foundation-
known
as
fect
per-
oratory.
**
Invention
are
is the
grouped.
idea
around
which
sions
discus-
*"It
is
choice
'
'
discourse
because
is in
one
altho
for,
he
ideas,
opinions
already
'
'
in
Except
will
be
and
of
of
of
also
have
which
to
the
presentation
if they
do
not
conform
has
already
or
therefore,
according
primordial
question
be
heard
and
....
repeated
orators.
one
already
convictions
invention
and
duration
debate
"Invention,
exprest
courage,
will
to
struggle
to
beliefs,
public
has
creased
in-
be
the
escape
impressions.
rooted
the
ism,
plagiar-
only
moral
desire
absorbing
long
he
to
discust,
preceding
by
by
traordinary
ex-
interest.
committing
rare
work
strange
will
"One
of
case
the
the
by
slavery
the
ject
sub-
demands
often
reality
forth
set
course.
dis-
disagreeable
that
in
has
influenced
more
declared,
believes
one
original
of
danger
the
awaken
to
already
subject
a
on
of
it
its
on
melancholy
a
exceedingly
besides
is
to
order
in
and
success
well-known,
talent
''It
the
belongs
already
one
93
subject',
often
so
invention
the
or
'the
called
also
depends
If
CONVERSATION
AND
ORATORY
give
to
against
the
of
those
against
deeply
of
appearance
simple
thusiasm
en-
a
arguments
arguments
which
admitted.
of
choice
the
to
this
for
the
to
be
the
subject,
understanding,
orator
who
sincerely
desires
applauded.
is
a
to
SPEECH
94
'
'
There
preparation.
"Mental
in
wishes
he
which
in
order
the
permitting
and
ideas
his
coordinate
to
orator
of
advantage
the
offers
first
"The
them
:
preparation;
"Graphic
an
interpretation
of
methods
two
are
to
classify
to
present
them.
"However,
for
method
'
'
Certain
"This
they
of
and
"Imagine
"This
not
method,
a
the
danger,
for
requisite
of
and
wit
thought
that
his
the
use
proper
his
from
skill
the
the
find
of
mental
the
in
first
barrassment.
em-
speakers,
the
to
his
toward
course
resort
a
their
losing
public
all
they acquire, by
subtleness
fidelity of
him
who
where
case
kind,
to
of
terror
those
befall
unable
extricate
will
which
perfect
interruptions.
this
of
the
the
of
out
ridicule,
of
abyss
phrase
can
thrown
and
memory
of
of
orator
an
in
profitable
absence
the
;
heart.
certain
absolutely
are
memory
the
be
only
can
discourses
them,
correct
by
them
learn
and
them,
notes.
whole
their
them,
re-read
from
speak
write
orators
they
then
who
those
this
recommend
only
can
we
latter,
supplying
will
never
understand.
"One
must
also
remember
that
the
constant
96
SPEECH
lerred
to
for
paper
conceptions,
consulted
reference
and
jotted
are
refresh
to
rather
the
than
down
only
be
to
the
at
memory
fied
ampli-
tune
oppor-
moment.
"Upon
these
the
notes
will
orator
build
his
awaiting
the
discourse.
"At
first
of
chaos
'
he
Then
it
will
by
of
aloud
his
freed
from
of
thought
he
words;
the
he
;
will
will
strate
demon-
phrases.
knows
the
will
magic
of
power
the
by
idea
the
power
efficacious
the
heard,
has
thousand
the
cultivation
spoken
the
recalls
to
only
more
the
method
speaker
of
true
who
eloquence,
more
mind
what
for
seen
the
orator
or
than
words.
be
is
the
advantageous
has
of
should
all
the
more
he
living
word.
useful
of what
nated
impregwith
is
procedure
memorizing
last
by
times
becoming
of
is not
recollection
mechanical
"This
and
by
the
apply
to
is imbued
it
because
able
which
of
method
be
thus
auto-suggestion,
"This
the
is
spoken
means
with
than
by
orator
a
thought
speak
one
"The
force
out,
word.
spoken
but
his
it
"Every
laws
it
think
hesitation.
interpret
one
will
when
moment
'
he
absolutely
concerned
for
with
ished
banthe
it is opposed
ORATORY
all
to
AND
of
outbursts
genius
of
speaking,
appearance
of
to
and
memory
matter
all
has
recited,
who
97
gives
which
then
one
above
and
no
lesson
a
"Therefore,
should
CONVERSATION
to
what
kind,
been
committed
more
less
or
himself
the
fectly.
per-
discourse
a
prepares
devote
aneous
extempor-
meditating
to
it.
on
"As
soon
should
as
him
to
seem
absorbed
improvise
to
try
is
he
as
the
in
his
such
on
of
parts
calculated
best
he
subject,
it
excite
to
his
inspiration,
should
"He
such
a
of
of
by
"Then
he
words
say
which
them
chief
"His
order
the
in
he
in
and
effects.
strive
classify it
to
thus
frame
first
which
by
impressing
of
truthfulness
should
should
"He
then
the
idea
his
present
fully appreciated
it
appropriate
and
the
to
have
expression,
others
all
all
should
"He
to
as
way
foresee
to
endeavor
his
ness
exact-
an
minds
the
the
tation,
represen-
in
picture
a
tiful
beau-
phrase.
say
to
himself,
is
to
he
in
repeat
thought,
in
public,
aloud.
object
which
proposes
he
is
to
be
should
going
solve.
to
concerning
place
the
the
problems
98
SPEECH
*
'
Classification,as
well
is of
form,
as
able
inestim-
value,
"The
"It
is also
according
time
to
to
depends
always
has
"He
risks
who
which
has
he
what
and
prolix
Now
he
say
to
speaking,
after
the
subject
a
of
danger
or
of
upon
getting
for-
presenting
by
skilful
a
attract
the
know,
from
the
the
which
exordium
is
the
of
first
of
this
his
words
of
should
of
great
his
the
it;
svire
for
audience,
his
it is
course,
disthe
the
speech.
is the
of
the
explains
deliver
to
orator,
interest
edge
knowl-
a
us
by
one
opening
attention
the
giving
beginning
the
there
at
different
the
inspired
by
phrase
which
of
us
him.
is
exordium
preparation
arouse
order
out.
on
to
preceded
who
necessity
"The
wanted
understanding,
the
"For
the
only
is in
speaks
public
and
"The
same
illogical arguments."
of
orators
thought
meditated
Xanthes
phases
the
in
valuable
speaking
not
notes
change.
be
first
the
at
them
arrange
can
been
classify
to
intensity,
desired
any
Improvisation
discourse
of
degrees
endeavoring
'
first
necessary
to
convenient
to
discourse
coordination.
upon
'
of
solidity
to
way
he
preface,
will
how
public.
never
be
prolonged
ORATORY
for
AND
audience
severely
tested
effect
would
patience
the
be
an
of
the
be
never
would
too
manifested
their
lessen
of
details
should
to
the
to
present
"The
self-possest
few
over
order
admiration
explained
so
is
have
to
come
"The
have
it
listen
and
"This
of
which
the
logical
of
course
dis-
the
concise
very
this
understood
subject,
those
by
profit thereby.
in
comprises
many
narration.
is the
brief
a
of
synopsis
of
the
principal
consists
phase
is
itself
proposition
divisions,
it
;
presentation
to
exordium,
subject
the
analyzed
as
the
pass
proposition.
the
explicit
very
will
orator
of
phrases
proposition
clearly
who
knowing
be
and
expert
rapidly
and
the
disapproval
;
99
discourse.
the
"The
in
of
discussion
under
of
for
time,
desirous
subject
whose
of
length
any
CONVERSATION
but
subject
the
tailed
de-
very
be
to
developed.
recital
"This
should
orator
been
having
proceed
to
the
completed,
discuss
the
explanatory
principle.
"After
that
argue
be
the
in
against
relation
this,
he
is
say,
to
its
should
favor
it, in
mention
and
order
between
to
the
the
announce
the
those
state
two.
tion,
deducwhich
reasons
which
in
to
seem
explicit
terms
SPEECH
100
"Deduction
parts
is
into
therefore
subdivided
two
:
"Affirmation;
"Negation.
"All
affirms
judgment
We
shall
follow
not
of this
is
work
confirmation
a
is
negation
But
mental
of
refusal
two
forms
the
as
calls
a
them.
call
Greek
forth
and
a
fies
classi-
orator
discourse
the
while
truths,
he
which
proof.
the
"The
of
phases
limits
affirmation
judgment
the
siderations
con-
the
an
admit
of
which
operation
that
to
those
beyond
expounded
the
these
lies
knows
one
; every
in
Xanthes
interest
whose
denies."
or
"
he
proof,"
is the
says,
of
sanction
the
affirmation."
"It
is not
is true.
his
If
he
public,
he
tending
such
be
to
absolute
"The
wishes
imprest
proof,
of
his
that
by
what
is
to
that
impression
an
it
to
conviction
it is
say,
on
arguments
is based
impossible
not
on
to
them.
it is
when
orator
submit
that
truths
an
make
to
should
prove
forcibly
for
sufficient
applied
false,
takes
to
the
the
stration
demonname
of
refutation.
"It
prove,
is
but
sometimes
as
the
easier
proof
of
to
the
refute
than
affirmative,
to
the
ORATORY
AND
in
refutation,
the
on
order
resting
which
"It
self-evident
that
to
"The
be
and
"We
a
should
long
'
'
and
after
words
These
spoken
stand
out
previously
find
in
them
so
the
to
have
it
of
vibrations
a
that
just
to
poetic
of
the
hearer
have
ceased
be
the
appraised
conceived
that
manner
than
the
way
by
they
all
those
audience
synthesis
essential
in
phrase
words
last
ears
therefore,
and
uttered
this
the
prominently
presented
desired
the
expressive
more
explaining
waves.
ought,
in
course,
dis-
the
embody
to
that
last
etheric
the
it.
expression.
in
the
solved
re-
inspiration.
sentence,
as
forget
not
resound
time
agitate
to
of
elegance
of
so
is
he
refute
to
or
a
always
whether
discourse;
the
of
propositions
on
a
constructed
so
discourse
a
for
necessity
affirmation
will
conclusion
of
tween
be-
question
a
his
depend
consists
ments,
argu-
non-existent.
orator
public,
or
never
always
style
state
not
affirmative
the
prove
should
should
to
his
peroration,
"It
clever
the
the
to
a
impress
will
they
the
how
just
ratified
and
if it be
truth, that
understand
of
impression
established
reduce
to
agreed,
be
must
consist
conviction
wishes
101
deep
a
foundations
on
opposite
one
make
to
should
public,
the
CONVERSATION
of
that
them."
may
the
the
course,
dis-
orator
SPEECH
102
We
refer
shall
which
again
subject
are
Eloquence
of
rules
the
to
course
disquence.
elo-
simple, lyric, impassioned,
be
may
of the
elements
the
to
argumentative.
or
It
sometimes
is
intuitive
from
telling arguments
and
evolves
its
most
instinctively logical
an
mind.
Eloquence
times
at
defend
desire
to
many
adherents
noble
some
in
But,
order
hindered
subjected
shall
We
are
This
kind
study
the
going
now
to
of
cultivated
by
the
should
it
be
we
chapter.
look
art
to
of
us
the
was
ancients
the
together
over
speaks
oratorical
being
character
whose
next
Xanthes
where
pages
all
in
as
there
as
without
soar
difficulties,
close
designate
audience
it may
that
to
win
to
people.
material
by
ardent
an
and
cause
the
among
generous-hearted
are
from
springs
in
sation.
conver-
above
one
form
the
of
dialog.
**
Speech,"
pretentious
simple
"This
surrounded
one
Xanthes,
says
form
of
oratory
to
drops
the
adopt
the
more
conversation.
happens
by
of
"often
when
the
thinkers
who
orator
are
finds
his
himself
intellectual
104
SPEECH
The
Athenian
chat
about
The
which
chat
It
or
of
of
is
to
need
the
on
longer
no
of
few
of
subject
the
words.
modern
a
medium
a
if
before
of
question
a
little about
cares
desire
almost
opinion,
complishmen
ac-
for
the
art, of poetry,
find
to
only
to
is
also
see
a
combating
convincing
of
them
them
;
different
a
horizon
new
versarie
ad-
loom
up
us.
The
chat
which
of
Sometimes
about
who
which
each
one
are
discust
ridiculed
The
in
France
The
by
causerie,
the
favorite
Rambouillet,
literary
people,
intellectual
rank, used
by
of
details
differently;
and
one,
praised
some,
by
these
cized
criti-
are
others,
or
many.
or
chat,
for
it
meeting
that
was
as
well
as
the
great
Hotel
nobles,
for
remarkable
women
gather.
century.
there
was
esteemed
highly
was
seventeenth
brilliancy
to
narration
a
thinks
place
and
is
one
by
cuss
dis-
to
interest.
chat
adversely
events
on
assembled
are
common
this
details
commentary
a
those
concern
subjects
in
a
reality, quite
our
ideas
; one
even
in
only
says
of
briefly
sentiment.
It
we
he
is,
responds
exchange
speaks
orator
for
their
their
high
AND
ORATORY
daily
talks
the
Some
built
Lenclos
her
reigned
supreme
reunions
where
veneration
as
the
in
the
taste, and
Many
a
of
where
art
good
since
then
permits
she
at
held
was
good
form,
is
ish
fever-
; our
longer
any
of
gatherings
people
of
whom
to
unknown.
they
rarely
privileged
circles
but
speak
chat.
to
some
are
take
occupations
artistic
where
causerie
la
sentiment.
passed
there
However,
de
presiding
years,
oratorical
scarcely
time
the
on
Ninon
to
of
less
no
epoch.
Tournellas,
school
contemporaries
Our
precedence
of
contented
to
interests.
material
those
speak;
this
existence
strenuous
In
long
have
years
harmonious
have
for
delicacy
generation
these
des
the
the
celebrated
Rue
at
influence
dedicated
temple
a
in
salon
of
later, the
years
had,
certain
a
for
taste
tendency,
profound,
literature
and
manners
the
whose
and
criticism,
learned
than
105
souls
developed,
was
refined, elegant,
once
in
aristocratic
these
Among
CONVERSATION
circles, people
they
chat, that
not
are
is to
they
say,
exchange
ideas.
times,
At
ancient
an
as,
Greece,
atmosphere
according
the
the
to
philosophers
redolent
with
the
custom
discoursed
perfumes
in
in
of
106
SPEECH
sheltered
gardens
southern
from
there
sun,
cultured
people
of
secluded
a
cruel
glare
of
about
the
miracles
of
or
the
These
"A
worth
of
house
the
his
of
are
beautiful
far
more
which
the
art
where
from
public
who
beautifully
thought
than
chat,
jealous
any
jewel."
talk
perform
prize.
they
may
opinion,
Xanthes'
the
to
they
conceal
with
treasures
from
which
one
initiated
crowd
vulgar
hides
science
day
our
delighted
are
a
ments
environ-
sheltered
lamps,
of
which
of
miser
the
is
wonder,
gaze
electric
in
sympathetic
the
salon,
beauties
the
That
in
of
rays
found
be
to
are
who,
burning
the
a
rare
from
care,
the
as
a
sight.
says:
exprest
is
TM
LESSON
TO
HOW
ART
THE
ACQUIRE
OF
SPEAKING
Before
proceeding
mechanism
the
should
of
of
observance
with
the
orator
principles,
insure
will
called
young
certain
which
be
might
eloquence,
imbued
be
what
to
his
the
future
success.
is
Eloquence
often
study
nature
art;
an
sometimes
and
in
gain
only
according
exprest
be
contests
to
serve
lacks
which
There
oratorical
will
only
directing
natural
be
can
those
and
gifts.
supplied
faculties
defective.
are
are
influence
capable
exercising
and
study
his
intuitively
disciplining
by
of
development
being
by
to
by
power
which
rhetoric.
destined
gifted,
his
reinforce
he
What
is
who
more
sentiments
value
of
rules
naturally
the
guiding
the
to
he
If, however,
and
is
that
noble
really
beauty
it
but
give
will
never
accomplishes,
can
gift,
a
very
of
of
a
an
few
people
emotion,
strong
ephemeral
107
who,
would
eloquence;
the
under
be
not
but,
if
it
108
SPEECH
were
with
proving
would
maximum
the
Expert
the
of
study
study
The
study
It
this
must
should
this
other
talent
of
ignoring
often
and
of
waste
a
acquire
economy,
to
the
to
art
and
thought
of mechanism
chapter,
not
of
be
study
they
which
On
save
style
a
devoid
of
Xanthes,
of
divide
to
in
oratory
two
we
its materialization
or
are
action.
involuntary
going
to
;
of
speak
the
part.
courses
in
with
totally different:
^The
first
achieves
one
power.
applied
sections
In
such
possible, according
as
study.
speakers,
is involved
productive
is
had
task,
a
development
often
thus
which
oratory
It
is that
inexperienced
while
necessity
any
study
intellectual
orators
strength,
majority-
methodical
by
of
or
of effort.
minimum
the
the
of
difficulties
the
of
of
defense,
authority,
smoothed
result
of
attack,
and
to
been
not
Another
of
skill
succumb
they
of
question
a
the
which
in
pursued
it is indispensable
abreast;
both
that
the
the
two
order
named.
are
permits
and
be
to
are
contrary,
march
order
inferred, however,
one
to
far
from
course
to
characterizes
being
the
creating
perfect
they
harmful,
supplement
in
cooperate
that
the
the
orator.
TO
HOW
''The
"is
just
should
verbal
elements
apply
them
define
with
"From
belonged
each
his
phrases
thing
two
different
"The
escape
"This
to
him
themselves
he
these
should
to
seem
becomes
ficiently
suf-
designate
future
the
only
will
orator
this
object
same
which
name,
beginning.
will
endeavor
will
he
times,
in
and,
mention
the
same
using
time
each
enrich
to
terms
synonymous
longer,
a
word.
practise
service
a
and
distinctive
the
three
or
all
they
.he
in which
a
from
of
little
a
mind
to
object,
by
vocabulary
inaccurate
of
which
himself
this,
"Following
his
that
phrases,
it
to
whose
more
accuracy.
of
identified
be
object
master
short
says
speak
choice
a
assail
each
moment
for
construct
will
which
the
name
one
make
perfect
novice,"
to
or,
109
brain.
then
to
the
of words,
his
haunts
"He
of
eonfusion
the
profusion
exactly, the
mass
defect
principal
Xanthes,
IT
ACQUIRE
discourse,
this
of
the
to
the
if,
orator
word
later
sought
valuable
in-
render
will
exercise
on,
ing
dur-
chances
to
him.
misfortune
than
to
with
will
such
this
as
have
method;
frequently
less
happen
never
but,
familiarized
in
case
this
SPEECH
110
would
him
permit
connection
This
thought
the
of
inemory
oblivion
shock
this
avoid
of
phrases
each
day.
"This
will
habit
anticipated
to
defect
expressing
words.
his
well
mind
the
this
on
wishes
who
himself
against
cultivating
by
ment
mo-
reputation.
him
for
We
in
another
would
not
a
have
the
all
the
fail,
already
would
be
newly
quired
ac-
it
suggest.
is
menacing
comprehensive
for
the
where
the
few
partial
a
case
which
instantly
less
with
him
a
subject
different
a
should
argument
improvise
to
protect
because,
substitute
habit
day,
every
forgetfulness,
of
but
any
been
before
;
arm
for
has
long
be
himself
force
should
short
"A
the
improvisation.
"He
easy
discourse
forgetfulness,
possibility of
art
to
membering
re-
and
lasts
never
essential
therefore
is
of
sentences.
depend
may
which
memory,
discourse
its powers
regains
orator
"It
not
young
incapable
their
if the
it will
out,
of
to
the
of time, and,
length
of
between
loss
of
them
of
order
the
'
makes
them,
embarrasses
of
terror
failure
sudden
is the
orators,
studies
instantaneously.
the
drawback,
"Another
*
fill it
to
habitual
his
created,
be
should
lacuna
the
thought
spoken
of
the
difficulty
in
a
few
dangers
SPEECH
112
* '
sufficient
It is not
for
beside
tempted
is
the
aid
of
words.
One
must,
if he
does
would
be
it from
confused
the
and
**To
of
power
the
through
*
'
which
and
orator
developed
and
of
that
for
impressing
other
the
pertains
admit
that,
it
thought,
disengage
to
which
cates
compli-
condition
is
forcibly
minds
which
word-pictures
attention.
always
be
first
be
the
of
enemy
established
pathy
symthe
between
audience.
these
young
to
by
observed,
orator
to
interesting
mentality,
been
fully
it will
then
have
principles
faithfully
speaking,
experience.
of
their
will
his
all
time
the
must
"When
be
conviction,
hold
Confusion
on
it.
medium
and
attract
him
of words
mass
conceals
create
only
own
for
difficult
extremely
of
regardless
must
his
comprehend
not
er
hear-
of them,
speaker
the
eases,
many
we
out
with-
the
concentrate
to
understanding
auditory
"In
order
in
meaning,
their
in
himself
one
matter,
thought
words,
the
repeat
self,
one-
each
the
our
therefore, put
and
which
on
understanding
place
the
bear
to
in
's
the
bring
to
understand
to
complacence
the
succeed
can
* '
simply
begin
himself
the
tise
prac-
in
all
intelligence, and
HOW
**One
of
TO
of
of
Tvealth
ease,
the
orator.
expressions,
some
be
to
object
an
"He
of
will
be
in
them
liberty of
of
of
public
the
of
wise
a
and
which
application
there
of
to
one
where
dom
free-
subjects,
kinds
all
use
allow
to
which
ination
imag-
the
the
of
exigencies
allow.
not
devices
of
certain
speaker
the
thought
daily.
change
subtle
some
will, therefore,
conversation,
do
success
appellations,
make
to
employing
permit
a
the
heights
to
speaking
in
consists
of
i_
to
permit
soar
of
"One
which
obstacle
pursued
daily
accompanies
in
construction
to
the
expression,
composition,
rhetorical
be
of
definitions
able
style
then
rarely
some
new
be
113
poverty
of
acquiring
"The
should
terminology
serious
a
IT
vocabulary.
mentality;
is
any
his
of
"Poverty
duties
daily
his
enlargement
ACQUIRE
typical
await
to
has
oratorical
art
phrases
the
return
escaped
momentarily
him.
"Let
being
almost
counsel
not
cited
* *
who
us
hasten
to
always
the
use
remark
of
trivial
a
of
these
that,
them
nature,
in
except
phrases
we
the
do
case
above.
However,
stores
the
them
prudent
in
his
orator
memory,
will
as
we
be
the
often
one
set
SPEECH
114
of
objects
aside
to
necessary
helpful
such
need,
have
fact,
in
should
wish
not
should
**
his
to
force
these
speaker
public
in
disposal,
at
of
of
case
you
upon
victions,
con-
my
explain
to
to
better
you
..."
to
**Is
acquisition
every
liked
I
to-day,
**For
the
..."
have
I did
than
day."
as:
however
"I
become
may
future
which
phrases,
should,
some
counsels
Xanthes
And
**I
at
us
which
value
little
you
mitting
sub-
to
.
it necessary
There
myself
limit
shall
to
it is
which
truths
are
further
insist
impossible
not
acknowledge."
to
In
the
relate
"1
he
beg
the
was
personal
a
to
heroic
a
referring
permission
deed
:
for
nature,
mentioning
a
cence
reminis-
..."
but
to
subject,
this
to
recall
personal
a
I
shall
reminis-
"
cence
.
.
.
adds
"However,"
orator
to
use
to
again:
"And,
ask
hero
pardon
your
of
Or
referring
wish
might
orator
an
anecdote,
an
which
of
where
case
scorns
them
these
only
in
Xanthes,
"the
subterfuges
extreme
cases.'
and
j"
cultured
resolves
by
teaching
this
Illustrating
116
IT
ACQUIRE
TO
HOW
he
example,
tinues
con-
:
"Have
embark
the
"Notwithstanding
ship, their
thin
life-saving
of
of
save
them.
in
water
the
play
speaking
they
of
the
and
allow
that
not
use
as
the
on
purpose,
a
succor
vessel
to
would
be
disdain
this
in
him
less
life-belts
of
to
the
to
prevent
of
ocean
the
await
in
course;
dis-
a
the
wreck
ship-
forgetfulreturn
gift,
desirable
been
just
have
we
part
orator
to
or
which
intended
are
of
lives.
of
phrases
"The
memory
this
because
their
them
cost
to
one
for
wait
scorn
made
them
only
to
they
shipwreck.
of
imprudent,
considered
intend
support
serve
would
who
belts
them
case
them
allowing
"Those
of
to
their
mariners,
as
they
which
instruments
that
ness,
with
appliances
the
"These
might
skill
carry
plates,
wooden
surface
to
of
staunchness
indisputable
neglect
rarely
sailors
voyage?
dangerous
a
on
experienced
seen
never
you
of
presence
mind.
"Many
talents,"
to
"We
formidable
have
the
Xanthes
formation
already
enemy:
reiterates, "are
of
warned
diffuseness.
a
good
him
dispens
in-
orator.
against
a
116
SPEECH
**He
of
use
the
much
too
improper
paraphrases.
"He
should
of
ment
"He
his
of
in
is
it
always
about
exists
style
of
opposite
or
in
as
this
with
last
tation.
affec-
well
as
virile
in
a
tions
exhorta-
it
vulgarity;
enthusiastic, simple
command
can
but
complex,
or
if
attention
be
properly
' '
exprest.
The
arrange-'
declarations,
the
cynical
will
the
elegance
composition
tender
a
mistake
a
confound
and
warlike
or
"It
make
not
"Elegance
or
in
elegance
words.
must
poetic
for
seek
qualification
natural
exercises
of
attained
tone,
which
chapter, is the
to
distrust
not
can
shall
we
tone
that
practising
by
in
speak
the
should
all orators
the
next
strive
acquire.
order
In
to
following
the
He
which
to
us
phrase
would
we
advises
Athenian
old
procedure:
recommends
familiar
it the
master
and
a
render
to
read
take
it if
short
very
it in
it
were
the
tone
enriched
and
in
by
commentaries.
"Let
phrase
"/
us
take,**
says
he, "the
most
ordinary
:
do
not
know,
and
let
us
practise
saying
TO
HOW
it
with
it is uttered
which
this
that
it
examine
had
pleasure
'
'
grudge
The
I have
-^*
And
Anger:
perhaps
and
they
is
impossible
I
do
not
''Grief:
be
this
to
do, it
the
should
/
do
aid
set
do
have
know.
not
be
know
to
act, but
know.
this
moment
plot against
a
defend
to
me,
myself,
able
friend
dearest
I
do
been
speak
to
to
me
know.
not
had
I
have
may
for
impossible
appeared
dis-
has
in
taught
that
public,
but
art,
.
.
know.
the
aside
only,
I should
that
at
me
been
I
:
be
first, it will
of
know.
but, whatever
has
if
be
not
"At
for
war,
fact
"Discussion:
I
not
I
not
that
say
my
in
of
sure
I do
know.
Perhaps
able
do
concocting
are
fore,
there-
dictated
/
to
it
since
been
vain:
in
sought
have
to
scorn
me,
I should
happy
which
intentions
the
I
for
:
but
you,
How
:
:
understood
inform
to
utter
we
this,
by
value;
it is impossible
;
slight regret,
The
little
it, and
of
speak
to
* '
closely
circumstances
understand
of
is
question
the
117
demand.
We
negligence.
"First
IT
which
intonation
the
under
ACQUIRE
in
which
intonations.
phrase
order
must
well
to
understood,
to
enunciate
be
spoken
practise with
then
the
with
the
it should
be
typical phrase
the
proper
.
118
SPEECH
**To
observe
shades
the
public
of
of
one
the
in
charms
of
speaking.
"He
who
delicate
knows
how,
transitions,
to
from
and
simplicity
his
is
meaning
difference
the
scrupulously
pathos
vibrate
audience
from
pass
medium
the
through
elaboration
the
influence
voice
is also
under
to
will
coldness
to
of
feel
of
his
words.
'
'
The
part
played
of
"The
and
"From
a
in
is also
which
to
'
'
to
"The
"The
volume
' *
place
the
There
are
first
other
of
Whichever
well
we
the
in
idea
the
syllable
feeling
the
it
"Sometimes
value
also
are
renewed
tention.
at-
indicates
accompanying
the
first
the
word
wish
register
breaks
modification
It
of
mount
para-
transformations
stimulate
to
of
a
dis-
monotony
discourse.
the
"
character
change
traction
of
a
its
and
importance,
always
the
by
and
to
is
entire
an
such
a
that
idea.
the
lightly
be
the
which
phrase
manner
as
to
it is intended
of
ways
many
found
a
emphasize.
desire
in
in
reveals
practise underlining
to
is to
voice
give
to
we
full
express.
underlining.
in
increased
the
or
articulation.
diminished
voice.
may
be
the
case,
it is
an
excellent
120
SPEECH
of
rhythm
"In
be
able, from
time
style,
of
"It
to
for
in
be
will
meaning
and
will
one
the
and
simple
the
the
if it be
be
tious
pretennatural
more
each
of
ears
place
possible,
which,
word,
the
of
where
one
to
the
try
guard
against
prolonging
by
be
should
one
always
must
one
of
that
about
construction
"The
the
confused
produce
hearers.
the
should
auditorium
considered.
"The
himself
expresses
learned
men
or
would
terms
addrest
of
it is capable
which
who
be
should
public
same
of
abandon
to
more
vibrations,
syllable
sounds
of
a
and,
appear,
repeated
he
use
time,
informed
acoustics,
also
shades
is, therefore, essential
to
last
to
vigorous.
more
voice.
accurately
is
the
be
definitely indicated,
more
tone
will
sentences
lecture-room,
a
.^^
the
for
assembly
an
illiterate
be
guage
lan-
a
understanding,
before
before
not
in
in
people
the
worthy
the
of
name
orator.
-^
""The
this
master
greatest
*
:
He
or
who
its
masters
speaks
to
of
public
the
slave, according
to
said
have
oratory
is either
his
its
powers
of
persuasion.'
"Therefore,
the
audience
one
while
should
speaking,
not
in
fail
order
observe
to
to
notice
TO
HOW
its
attitude
to
the
to
hesitate
shorten
which
him
he
of
;
the
which
culture.
it
in
order
the
to
sions
diver-
spoken.
reply
to
with
so
aid
his
to
perfect
into
stedfastly
to
become
one
necessary
dp
the
the
eyes
brance
remem-
chapter
of
as
the
the
we
go
hand
mental
shall
study
the
action,
in
hand
of
study
study
mechanical
involuntary
of
principles
underlying
calls
next
benefits
should
be
must
one
should
broad
the
designates
received.
sentences
already
Xanthes
in
oratory
being
improvisations."
the
which
according
resort
calling
and
daily
are
few
and
looking
opponent
of
is
should
one
by
Such
if
and,
composure,
discourse
circumstances
no
121
impatience,
a
have
we
IT
least
the
antagonist,
that
it
discourse
the
disconcerted,
his
which
sacrifice
to
"Under
of
the
notices
one
of
an
regulate
in
manner
"If
not
and
ACQUIRE
with
with
which
study
mental
VIII
LESSON
AUTOMATISM
These
each
find,
mechanical
In
kind
this
order
is
however
the
who
does
tools
which
knife
under
the
blows
"A
painter
a
landscape
of
of
in
soft
the
artizan,
of
to
upon
metal
of
quality
the
the
his
use.
could
never
if
marble
and
if
all
the
it
his
bent
hammer.
could
if
"an
sculptor
a
in
perfection
the
called
be
nature
of
placed
understanding
think
will
made
were
else
the
first
of
soul
be
automatism,
Xanthes,
renowned
the
the
speech.
in
he
will
of
all
says
not
most
awaken
his
not,"
remarkable
"The
of
before
of
in
place
thought
disposal
the
obtain
"There
their
speech.
study,
instrument
the
art,
of
at
to
of
contradict
to
seem
nevertheless,
education
exclusively
of
which
words,
two
other,
THOUGHT
AND
not
picture
had
he
only
colors
tints
neutral
at
disposal.
the
"Now,
desires
to
voice
devote
is
the
himself
to
122
of
instrument
the
art
of
him
who
speaking
;
AND
AUTOMATISM
he
should
make
instrument
devote
and
perfect
If
he
these
it
it
in
which
is
"The
be
by
"The
by
him
to
of
the
subtle
noble
of
art
of
"One
of
who
of
art
the
this
of
fected
perso
slightest
gestion.','
sug-
be
to
cupied
oc-
his
constructing
with
also
things
which
of
will
has
voice
a
dull,
seem
warmth.
no
expression
which
voice
a
of
training
the
?
voice
a
will
the
made
orator
an
struggle
shades
interpreted
and
the
and
out
he
different
to
for
pathetic
most
"The
the
have
being
judiciously:
placed
uttered
when
in
only
adds
Must
badly
not
will
obey
thinking
discourse?
he
will
sufficient
not
must
mechanical
prescribed
modified
being
Xanthes
"Is
this
this,
the
to
already
instrument
also
that
And
time
conscientiously,
joy of seeing this
flexible
render
to
pages.
works
but
effort
123
accomplish
to
same
studies
of
"
and,
the
at
mental
course
possible
all
himself
THOUGHT
only
can
responds
fectly
per-
orator.
is, therefore,
organ
for
is destined
the
expression
emotional
dispensa
in-
career
and
the
persuasion.
the
such
organs
first
art
is
requirements
to
without
learn
in
how
fatigue."
to
the
use
ment
developthe
spiratory
re-
SPEECH
124
is
It
evident
the
were
for
that
olden
in
same
ideas
the
of
times
voice-culture
they
as
to-day
are
all beginners.
The
Athenian
old
detail
for
dissertation
subject,
cal
techni-
much
too
here, but, from
his
shall
cite
the
used,
the
we
passages:
of
methods
"Many
principal
* *
this
on
following
reproduce
to
us
into
enters
are
being:
ones
Lateral
breathing
respiration
;
/"Deep
breathing;
( "Clavical
breathing.
"In
first,the
the
to
thoracic
the
and,
absorption,
large
surface,
the
easier
because
it
ribs
at
the
air
is stored
the
expanding
the
abdomen
"On
the
organs
in
by
the
of
is
the
is
this
uplifting
in
this
over
a
all
the
of
the
the
abdomen
is
hand,
of
is less
curved
in
noticeably
rise."
of
method
ribs
abdominal
called
also
lowering
slightly
other
to
spread
is rendered
operation
for
the
tend
tity.
quan-
time.
same
respiration,
is, according
participates
being
includes
absorbed
considerable
cage
work,
breathing
"Deep
of
experts,
some
entire
The
of air
volume
the
inhaling
the
diaphragm
perceptible
;
and
inward.
clavicular
breathing,
deprest, while
the
AND
AUTOMATISM
Wliatever
Xanthes
he
he
arms,"
of
form
the
"The
mouth
from
be
chief
our
the
tained
main-
a
and
special
tude.
atti-
extended
chest
closed
be
position
be
the
remain
should
modern
reclining
''should
says,
must
which
position
practise.
cross,
a
adopted,
recommends
particularly
''The
method
same
condemns
he
professors,
the
opinion
in
125
the
it into
putting
Differing
in
that
advises
in
and
be
may
THOUGHT
well
panded.
ex-
halation
in-
during
through
made
the
nostrils.
"It
is
wide
mouth
of
addition,
quickly
if mouth
the
this
exercise,
easy
for
him
this
that
practise
will
lend
uniformity
of
elocution.
"From
the
moment
through
care
must
the
be
nostrils
taken
not
filled
to
more
trained
will
in
even
air
the
the
expel
be
in
so
speaking,
discourse
his
to
that
has
far
employed.
be
it
sort
a
hiccup.'
arises
inhalation
use
the
result
is
thoroughly
is
will
which
orator's
'the
nasal
he
of
least
respiration
the
diflSculties
panting
student
the
"When
of
sorts
with
inhale
to
called,
panting,
"In
which
all
method,
a
hoarse
orator
an
open;
such
from
for
bad
lungs,
great
inhaled
great
it briskly.
126
SPEECH
"The
this
greatest
exercise,
above
all
of the
part
would
thus
exhaling
the
benefit
be
which
derived
from
lost, because
it
is
is important
for
the
feels
all
the
orator.
"From
the
cavities
with
of
air,
this
the
lungs
one
accumulated
air
during
and
supplied
few
a
allow
possible, while
as
that
abundantly
are
retain
must
one
slowly
as
when
moment
it to
seconds
be
opening
exhaled
mouth
the
wide.
this
"During
fall
until
slowly
raised
According
of
the
aiding
recommends
to
for
measure
five during
the
"But,"
be
lungs
;
a
of
means
for, in
time
to
of
air,
which
him
and
the
to
the
necessities
inhale
in
this
and
thoracic
of
use
to
cage,
inspiration,
during
long
expiration.
breaths
capacity
the
the
orator
speech
sufficient
can
of
will
the
have
provision
necessary
of
rhythmic
following
the
during
"these
oftener
renew
five
practise,
of
respiration.
the
increasing
actual
develop
five
he,
pursues
the
permit
Count
pause,
to
using
exercise,
formula:
mental
only
the
also
us
then
' '
breath.
object
of
function
and
body
entire
the
should
arms
the
is
movements
the
the
a
Xanthes,
automatically
restrain
He
takes
one
to
similarity
thus
parallel with
while
again
operation,
last
will
quantity.
not
128
SPEECH
"has
again,
and
'*If
considerable
a
opening
depends
tone
this
to
in
mouth
is
because
when
the
on
in
all
"Therefore
in
especially
its
in
quite
wide,
slowly
with
One
in
should
and,
"If
force
no
spasmodic
at
once,
begin
again
on
without
until
and
required
for
deeply
the
to
mouth
escape
very
.
simply
but
at
the
inhalation
the
permit
of
time
tremulous,
or
the
.
.
halation.
ex-
must
one
again,
and
.
first emission
this
we
lowing
fol-
ah.
.
register,
the
quality
opening
away,
be
"When
be
ah.
slip gently
it
lips,
not
inhale
breath
sound:
use
daily
position
we
the
allow
the
the
or
develop
to
the
nostrils
must
to
vowels,
adherence
emission, will
.
rich,
of
tone.
exercise,
the
teeth
practise
order
of
placed
respiratory
try
emission
fulness.
evenness
"Being
stop
be
strict
the
its
should
we
exercise,
through
shut
we
hampered
produced
tone
exhaling
perfect
absolutely
speaking
sound,
' '
ume
vol-
rule.
"If
the
the
on
voice.
the
the
it
recommended,
a
of
quality
influence
the
to
the
time
o, then
vowel
when
the
we
become
is full,
tone
without
tremolo,
any
pass
of
change
to
the
of
other
sufficient-
AND
AUTOMATISM
ly
voice
the
of
master
THOUGHT
fear
to
129
neither
trembling
break.
nor
produce
to
may
only
"After
then
the
volume
of
of
time
people
is
"It
such
of
exhalation
be
must
should
on
"The
in
next
step
is
the
syllable
without
the
crease
in-
with
of
their
degree
some
ideas,
the
the
compass
resonant
this
exhalation
and
the
tone
contraction.
a
pronounce
word
by
each
pronouncing
constriction
least
shrill
very
vigor
any
by
tone.
a
beginning,
to
never
to
ah;
operation
lose
lowering
syllables and
dividing
and
but
of
without
produced
tone
and
heroic
open
the
we
is, increase
employing
very
slow
very
be
a
that
the
or
of
by
voice
a
last
evenness
grave
question
a
the
gently
ridiculous
of
development
the
;
from
renders
and
discourse
then
able
:
this
afflicted
detracts
which
voice,
and
attack
alternately;
are
be
voice.
the
and
shall
gradually,
away
exhaling
sight of uniformity
"Some
exercise
times
voice
the
tones,
inspiration
several
the
diminish
it die
let
"Practise
during
equal
we
inhalation,
quicken
the
stage,
following
deep
a
"Then
few
a
the
to
pass
sharply,
this
reached
"Having
of
the
throat,
"Later,
entire
phrases
may
be
spoken,
each
SPEECH
130
being
syllable
perfected
by
of
means
resonant
exhalation.
**At
short
whether
the
the
After
for
rules
speaks
I
phrases
intelligent
manner,
is the
and
literary
"He
in
as
think
emanates
should
arrange
voice
should
the
the
and
perfection
the
orator
think
about
harmonious
and
advance
of
from
and
ance.
reson-
oratorical
a
the
equally
art.
fundamental
the
phrase
of
object
articulation
study
a
that
be
most
to
of
mechanism.
then
to
of
which
of
says,
of
the
to
shadings
and
* '
he
moment
technical
must
'
and
pronunciation,
fine
the
should
tone."
devoted
of
should
they
arranging
idea
'
which
beginners;
"This
of
quality
pronunciation
all
advice
above
phrase
lower
a
automatism
to
the
on
faults
us
presuming,
am
acquired
of
to
relative
speech,
of
there
the
notice
rise
to
case
a
again
correcting
Xanthes
such
interrupting
pages
take
tendency
in
sentence
many
should
we
a
and
in
the
beginning
has
has
hesitation
no
' '
voice
pitch,
proper
be
intervals,
fixt
principle
or
opinion.
* '
He
T)ering
and,
he
the
as
should
rules
soon
as
use
his
concerning
the
it
as
phrase
a
theme
words,
words
always
and
language,
correct
seems
for
his
remem-
to
him,
exercises."
AUTOMATISM
We
Athenian
old
On
the
outset
their
perfect
as
is
This
who
make
objective.
from
wishes
beginner
the
that
into
student,
demands
he
that
possible, relative
he
what
for
phrases
the
by
and
own,
of
superiority
the
the
of
art
correcting.
constructed
his
131
others
many
only
the
and
insists
the
Xanthes
initiate
to
He
so
contrary,
impro\asing
be
over
technique
pure
THOUGHT
admiring
help
not
can
the
AND
practise
the
shall
idea
and
be
as
style.
joined
automatism
terms
all
thoughts
they
to
shall
to
thought.
He
then
advises
that
we
in
proportion
as
it is
phrase
''The
be
sentence
all
We
the
should
will
observing
then
ly
close-
the
words
if
which,
would
produce
impression.
of
inversion
an
the
natural
should
of
order
:
"The
of
call
Between
one
it
punctuation.
separation,
without
Before
words
of
between
pause
confused
applied.
pronunciation,
gradations
enunciated
a
of
this
study
constructed,
once
question
a
should
the
ought
there
and
register
of
duty
every
one
word
duty
and
to
a
slight
the
voice.
be
an
but
the
words
imperceptible
clear
obey."
change
every
ation,
respirin
the
SPEECH
13^
first
The
uniform
a
and
lower
the
five
words
tone,
the
firmer
first
part
is
It
know
if
as
is
"Well,
I
for
second.
the
orator
tell
to
a
listener,
the
when
you
calls?
duty
Every
you:
be
"Do
saying,
done
in
discussion
were
be
to
in
words
of
ear
without
going
am
the
; to
enunciated
four
should
the
what
be
following
tone
preparation
the
should
must
one
obey."
Another
take
in
order
to
magnificent.
In
order
it
is
to
of
stopping
enough
have
to
indicate
to
omitted,
been
phrase.
and
happy
was
make
to
understood,
question
the
by
the
success
' '
it
is
magnificent
word
words
shorten
beginning
"The
obtained
just long
the
where
place
be
can
breath,
short
a
the
effect
related
and
confirmation
that
the
that
verb
phrase
between
the
he,
to
it
that
of
not
the
imperceptibly,
interrupted,
to
clear
distinctly
express
indispensable
perfectly
is
a
attribution,
should
be
and
success
magnificent.
Attention
after
a
indirect
the
collections
;
object,
between
of
paid
separating
of
question
thoughts
be
must
words
to
and,
the
punctuation
every
groups
prepositions,
preceding
so
the
as
time
it
of
similar
to
separate
conjunction
is
AND
AUTOMATISM
and, except
a
THOUGHT
and, wliich
the
133
immediately
precedes
preposition.
incidental
The
by
also
Before
After
adverbial
an
if
vocative,
the
and
before
after
and
and
Wlien
it
it
preceded
after
is
a
expression.
begins
if it is inserted
after
Before
be
punctuation.
respiratory
a
always
must
the
between
parenthetical
desired
phrases.
clause.
enunciate
to
phrase;
something
announced.
''He
is
the
most
tell
what
if the
as
this
virtue
of
change
demands
not
thes
again,
says
the
of
voice,
He
has
of
all
practised
and
is:
goodness."
it is
I
going
am
how
matter
no
oral
an
"but
:
virtues,
idea,
only
' *
said
orator
precious
"All
of
precious
most
goodness."
virtues:
It
the
practised
has
slight,
punctuation,"
even
different
a
accompanied
Xan-
inflection
acceleration
by
to
or
retardation.
example,
"For
"If
understand
not
which
lie
"There
which
should
be
as
be
to
phrase:
certain
how
within
dormant
must
so
this
believe
would
one
do
men
in
utilize
to
indicate
that
the
gies
ener-
them.
"punctuation
pronounced
philosophers,
after
with
it
'men',
great
is
a
cision,
pre-
question
SPEECH
134.
of
the
be
believed,
emphasizing
have
it
be
must
of
which
is
"We
is
question
the
rest
in
the
same
but
yet
perceptibly
attributed
a
"
'do
of
to
of
flection
in-
of
the
phrase,
tone
the
as
emphasizing
by
words
the
to
value.
special
therefore
order
change
sentence,
should
a
this
the
slightly
very
little,
a
in
to
value
a
voice
not
to
are
syllable,
then
spoken
words
opening
it
that
give
the
final
essential;
will
philosophers
lower
the
understood
thing
which
certain
should
we
thus
any
if
Or
men.
say:
know
7iot
how
utilize
to
the
....
word
7iot
word
that
phrase
was
subject
;
after
all
when
lie
a
to
in
such
be
that
the
to
this
and,
clearly
of
unknown
are
gentle
a
character
the
a
to
the
exist,
dormant.
of
subject
will
which
the
pause,
of
fill his
lungs,
studying
indicate
to
the
omission;
should
there
generally
change
by
word
attract
reference
with
only
The
to
understood
emphasize
which
they
"The
himself
to
order
pronounced
well
inspiration,
energies,
since
be
be
this
them.'
regretted
should
spoken
short
above
much
will
it
in
emphasized
the
to
energies
way
and
be
must
attention
within
lie dormant
which
energies
the
as
he
preparatory
be
cated
indi-
will
avail
always
orator
is
advised
exercises.
to
do
136
SPEECH
"The
science
reach
only
of
is
oratory
perfection
if
all
whole
a
its
which
parts
can
vated
culti-
are
simultaneously.
''The
pupil
should,
recite
to
phrases
therefore,
during
the
which
in
of
course
for
care
be
never
his
lowed
al-
cises
exer-
technique
alone
is taken,
'Emotion,
oi. style
the
should
also
"Automatism
"The
directs
is
of
mechanical
and
with
"After
"If
less
un-
taneously
simul-
creation
of
tion,
inflec-
punctuation,
tone,
in
in
the
does
in
natural
of
well
begin
to
sentiments.
these
phrases
should
one
of
tone
same
them
demands
familiar
possible,
as
opportunities
the
be
constructed
every-day
success
it will
expressing
once,
the
study.
think
to
upon
expression
perfectly
used
his
practised
respiration,
of
having
them
be
purity
expression.
phrases
nearly
be
never
and
of
objects
called
volume
acquire
To
the
tone,
its manifestations.
orator
ideas, style,
' '
be
should
thought
of
gradations
voice
as
ciate
enun-
as
would
life.
not
crown
should
daily
be
of
tone
life
efforts
our
created
voice, that
will
permit
to
all at
repeat
is, when
of
this
exercise,
j
"It
is the
usual
mistake
of
all
beginners
to
AND
AUTOMATISM
they
that
believe
THOUGHT
obliged
are
to
137
the
use
emphatic
tone.
demands,
"Oratory
which
inflections
of
conquest,
after
seek
to
or
"But
know
be
the
of
study
desired
of
the
has
in
course
us
which
effect.
if
enough
misuse
we
which
monotony
a
Xanthes
to
patriotism,
tone.
that,
to
is
the
the
instructed
finest
now
of
us
he
his
in
is
the
going
without
risks
an
should
to
gesture,
orator
as
such
relative
orator
ease,
voice
tool,
oratory;
secrets
the
perfect
with
speak
one's
manipulate
uses
purpose
divulge
subject
time
be
and
precision,
to
genius
Already
of
will
forget
not
the
to
of
use
weariness.
how
of
artist
it
style
lofty
with
recite
are
produce
of
forerunner
and
battles,
shall
we
*'To
of
should
we
these,
we
the
else,
speaking
If
a
all
appropriate
are
treated.
being
above
losing
terances."
ut-
paratory
preto
the
the
IX
LESSON
DELIVERY
SPEECH
"
"The
ii
(-fludes
of
'
gesture,
appeals
intended
to
appeals
which
first, and
'
which
voice,
the
of
''That
'
*'in-
Xanthes,
says
the
to
ear
mind.
the
'
orator,"
the
languages:
two
.J 'That
and
of
art
IN
GESTURE
AND
ATTITUDE
This
latter
to
and
eye
into
divided
be
may
the
the
illustrate
to
telligence
in-
the
parts
many
:
Gesture.
expression.
"Facial
"Attitude.
"With
very
gesture
should
it
which
punctuate
take
"It
a
is,
respiration
of
to
in
language
precede
the
phrase,
the
great
use
his
deeper
the
prepares
is
how
exceptions,
always
thus
"Gesture
knows
rare
it
phrase,
for
way.
help
the
to
judiciously,
but
of
also
to
who
orator
not
only
to
allow
him
to
breath.
reality,
that
the
during
gesture
138
this
is
first
period
generally
made.
of
AND
ATTITUDE
"The
second
is also
"The
the
of
to
certain
that
is
"It
air
open
ought
comprehensive
the
"The
the
use
few
of
their
gestures
as
mysteries
of
same
the
' '
who
made
Gestures
people
in
a
rousing
native
his
not
is
his
to
ers
hear-
can
who
sage
and
plaining
ex-
pupils,
before
limited
be
room.
land
hall
sometimes
can
small
is
narrow
more
accompany
very
science
in
with
a
the
pecially
es-
delivered
would
in
orator
defense
the
to
than
and
it is used.
punctuated
spoken
popular
used,
discourse
be
cording
ac-
vary
where
place
gestures
phrases
same
language
a
to
exhalation,
should
gestures
the
according
of
word.
of
kind
the
139
is that
spoken
abundance
to
the
which
part,
of
that
GESTURE
to
a
facial
expression.
'
'
with
As
gesture
ought
is
orator
be
should
of
ing,
speak-
daily,
quick,
or
the
phrase
according
which
the
studying
take
which
and,
weakness,
out
withabove
awkwardness."
without
Before
dignified, graceful,
be
without
nervousness,
us
slow
with
and
emphasizing.
"Gestures
bids
style,
practised
be
requirements
the
all,
with
to
should
"Gestures
to
voice,
the
gesture
precaution
must
first
be
in
its
against
details,
the
combatted;
Xanthes
tions
imperfeche
speaks
140
SPEECH
also
of
to
of
us
defects
to
the
which
us
retard
should
orators
their
subject
this
on
who
orators
many
reflect,
victims
are
and
progress,
fable
a
the
which
on
of
story
rates
nar-
all
the
two
laborers.
*
'
A
had
man
exactly
under
for
also
injurious
each
in
until
then
he
root.
them,
certain
other
He
before
sowing
"What
were
the
wind
son
grain,
"For
the
in
second,
very
soon
rye-grass.
for
seed.
impatient
more
plow
field
The
which
produced
vain,
to
ashes.
sow
a
burned
up,
the
last
superficially
grain.
parasites
the
of
the
out
all
to
the
thoroughly
dug
them
begin
happened?
from
over
all
up
very
having
was
the
pulling
field
contented
was
climbing
disperse
he
abundance
disorder.
piled
did
only
nature.
of
the
let
"The
had
years
in
were
by
of
he
Finally,
"Then
freed
plowed
he
and
plants
began
son
was
of
growing
picturesque
elder
weeds,
fields
two
sons
number
a
was
there, and
"The
two
cultivation.
"Rye-grass
other
his
to
which
alike,
been
not
willed
a
on
the
under
of
the
prevent
magnificent
the
blades
the
first
the
his
wheat
growth
growth
harvest.
contrary,
of
one,
of
pains
peared
disapthe
vading
in-
ATTITUDE
''He
acknowledged
elder
brother,
and
failure
of
the
by
AND
GESTURE
late
too
his
the
wisdom
negligence
his
141
his
punished
was
and
harvest
of
the
resulting
troubles.
"This
taught
all
to
should
We
science
the
acquire
shall
now
a
sublime
will
with
these
defects.
when
orator
"And
seeking
to
of
osopher
phil-
used
not
heroic
into
by
things,
awkwardness.
exuberance
demanded
and
they
Athenian
if
speaking
this
then
even
the
degenerate
quickly
very
before
which,
exaggeration,
"First,
make'
to
gesture."
of
examine
of
some
be
it is that
defects
their
"should
order
important
how
eradicate
in
orators,
young
understand
them
Xanthes,
continues
fable,"
be
must
necessities
by
the
is
considered
mentary
mo-
of
the
situation.
'^
useless
"All
that
is, gesture
of
'
'
All
throwing
or
to
hands
many
be
the
vulgar
as
' '
gesture
lift
The
on
crossed
on
indications
allowed
under
as
up
hands
the
quirements
re-
phrase.
folds
them
by
required
not
gestures
the
tion,
exaggera-
the
the
of
any
should
of
the
be
toga
high
as
hips,
the
excluded,
such
the
back
over
shoulder,
the
fists
abdomen,
negligence,
circumstances.
all
and
in
front,
are
must
the
just
never
as
142
SPEECH
"Gestures
avoided,
other
which
also
as
without
shutting
reason
"Excessive
it imparts
which
repetition
is
gesture
same
repetition
this
; now
unfortunate
for
given
be
'
'
wholly
of the
in
long
take
not
be
order
who
Speakers
to
of
the
the
er,
listen-
fears
and
the
is most
thought
since
it diverts
attention
which
dangerous
to
for
a
should
this
just
to
difficulty.
speak
to
who
those
weary
resort
to
escape
contented
are
cause
be-
discourse.
it would
However,
impassiveness
* '
his
to
for
awaits
orator,
puerility part
mere
or
restlessness
intervals
engrossing
the
defect,
a
enervating
equally
fingers
etc.
the
regular
at
eack
speaker,
spite of himself,
in
who,
thumb,
always
the
be
with
the
listener
agitate
to
seems
"The
is
the
to
should
interfere
the
over
mobility
face
spreading
;
hand
the
which
those
a
the
conceal
do
listen
to
defects
of
them."
after
Xanthes,
turns
gesture,
which
of
"Grace
'
of
all,"
the
to
On
other
the
express
hand
of
"is
says,
gesture
would
heroic
a
those
ties
quali-
cultivate:
he
movement
wished
the
explanation
should
between
harmony
*
the
orators
first
"The
one
to
indicated
having
and
be
to
word.
the
out
establish
of
place
deeds.
vigorous
gesture
would
if
SPEECH
144
"Here
* '
the
of
study
should
thought
One
in
as
the
voice.
should
the
intervene,
construct
appropriate
a
to
gestures
then
and
phrase,
the
of
best
ply
ap-
one's
understanding.
"When
have
we
which
should
the
-"
"We
should
the
from
who
orator
the
to
body,
will
elbow,
be
of
from
made
never
wrist
the
elbow.
the
"The
to
gestures
analyzing
principle
the
tures
ges-
them.
produce
adopt
tions
mo-
the
by
separately,
which
of
appropriate,
most
studied
be
movements
allowing
or
the
seem
series
the
classified
the
the
only
moving
give
with
speaks
the
impression
the
desired
lel
paral-
arms
wrist
of
and
the
undeveloped
awkwardness.
produce
"To
adopt
all that
avoid
In
position,
natural
a
order
is
ungraceful
classifies
gestures
which
shall
we
cite
in
study
the
should
trying
vulgar,
different
first
we
afterward
or
this
facilitate
to
gesture
the
' '
old
orator
categories,
two
principal
of
impression.
Gestures
of
indication.
The
alone
first
;
almost
interpret
however,
they
may
be
always
employed
sentiment
to
of
sions
divi-
:
Gestures
to
express
a
sensation
physical
GESTURE
AND
ATTmJDE
145
pain, comfort,
"
cold, heat,
etc., etc.
If
stretch
forehead
the
of
headache,
to
the
To
the
However,
is for
the
adequate
him
and,
with
According
of
object
of
vengeance,
and
of
category,
They
dimension,
which
used
serve
of
give
which
he
them
an
seem
is treating,
length,
at
the
also
of
movements
classified
those
among
of
tures
ges-
hate
and
satisfaction, of discontent,
to
indicative
to
situation.
to
discretion.
placed, according
that
ing
dur-
stupor.
movements
are
subject
as
the
ridicule.
those
be
forth
to
would
on
studied
may
etc.
made
be
choose
Xanthes,
threat
surprize,
All
they
greatest
impression,
of
love, of
the
to
and
prayer
having
after
them
use
the
to
raised
be
stretch
not
can
which
to
orator
shall
backward
\Tilgarity, bordering
of
aspect
we
slightly parted.
air
the
to
shall
bent
gestures
many
discourse,
the
to
in
fingers
the
shall
tears,
our
we
hand
the
holding
arm,
wrist,
danger,
against
we
sensation
naturally
dry
shall
we
heat
painful
the
will
hands
the
fatigue
great
under
;
forehead;
warn
It
during
arms;
our
wipe
from
suffering
are
we
designate
illustrate
to
him,
a
in
material
the
second
gestures.
form,
movement,
146
SPEECH
**In
the
again,
the
the
will
in
arms
be
the
sition
and
"Defiance,
"
or
by
the
faith
or
sweeping
The
because
of
will
palm
upward,
noble
a
in
breast
a
form
the
gesture
but
body,
the
of
the
a
shell,
of
with
the
welcome.
the
fingers
the
interprets
horizontal,
hand
the
by
from
distance
in
open
the
and
something.
of
indication
of
with
same
toward
intimacy,
will
gesture,
the
be
if
breast,
the
arm
raised
the
of
indication
is the
will
to
a
the
will
be
the
exact.
more
are
stretched,
arms
horizontal,
"In
in
body.
movement,
"Gestures
curved
to
the
upon
the
expresses
same
offering
"The
po-
protest
demonstrated
slight
a
partly
"The
"The
front.
falling
a
devotion
one's
be
from
at
arms
united
in
to
upon
rest
will
apart
hand
the
in
arms
movement
a
gesture.
held
* '
fied
personi-
folded.
arms
called
"Helplessness
arms
by
projected
oneself
hand
the
cause,
the
by
Finding
good
be
says
attitude.
crusht
a
.
yj
ail
can
exprest
air
"Discouragement
l^'
he
orator.
"Enthusiasm
of
impression,"
sensations
"spiritual
by
of
gestures
index-finger
dismissal.
rough
is
index-finger
mean
raised
height
an
and
appeal.
the
of the
dex-fing
in-
face.
'
'
will
larger
indicate
"Length
more
less
or
smaller
or
demonstrated,
is
index-finger
one
mote
re-
dimensions,
between
finger
the
with
This
a
sliding
ing
press-
of
palm;
where
the
the
length
be
to
indicate
a
slightly,
tance
dis-
index-
fingers
waved
the
the
the
and
gesture
gesture,
same
points
palm
by
phalange
the
indicate
horizontal
"The
the
near
two
will
touches
ordinarily,
on
it is drawn
then
other;
* *
hands
the
147
volume.
to
as
of
separation
The
GESTURE
AND
ATTITUDE
plained.
ex-
rated
sepa-
flat
will
face.
sur-
mark
sinuosities.
inspire
"To
moved
"To
command
this
and
indicates
the
"Separation
and
finger
the
extended
"Facial
division
"It
is
is
forward,
times.
toward
turned
ment,
move-
a
put
many
indicated
hand
by
half-closed,
toward
oratorical
very
gently
ground
the
place.
next
expression
of
be
must
repeated
index-finger
of
acceleration
reversed,
movement
"The
back
the
hand,
the
be
may
down.
and
up
hand
the
repose,
the
is
art
important
the
with
horizon,
classified
which
that
index-
the
etc.,
also
is called
it
folded
arm
should
etc.
in
the
gesture.
never
SPEECH
148
diverge
the
to
sentiment
the
to
contrary
it would
where
point
interpret
desired
one
a
be
to
ex-
prest,
essential
is equally
"It
in
coldness
good
facial
of
expression
"The
of
winking
will
which
the
brows,
eye-
exists,
;
or
the
ject
ob-
an
mobility,
excessive
will
all these
destroy
form
will
eyes
their
frequently
too
defects
the
study;
special
of
mouth.
the
of
a
ated
exagger-
them
for
cause
no
too
contraction
as
when
contortions
against
guard
movement,
smiles
for
take
taste.
should
"Orators
novices
certain
which
passiveness
im-
that
adopt
to
not
be
harmony
so
many
of
facial
expression.
habit
"The
to
eyes
has
the
is also
the
on
by
"For
the
from
eyes
the
quired
re-
are
undesirable
most
point
same
deficiency.
same
;
the
find
the
head
often
a
fix
to
the
leaning
of
part
to
the
ed
neglect-
unconsciously,
speaker.
all
without
themselves,
always
that
side, it happens
same
audience
the
orously
vig-
express.
"Staring
"It
which
sentiments
the
be
should
eyes
it conceals
because
combatted,
audience
the
closing
of
the
other
employing
parts
of
excessiva
the
face,
the
gesture,
tor,
ora-
which
exceeds
endeavor
"It
for
'sketch,'
to
*'When
"
his
orator
an
'Let
be
will
the
"Also
the
quote
'and
words:
the
understand
shall
express
the
which
the
'let
words,
"If,
quiet
means
on
the
sadness,
of
an
us
his
in
a
to
shall
we
it by
and
we
be
for
features
to
force
second
them
to
one
contained
energy
in
them!'
revenge
it will
sion
impres-
it will
sadness
savage
contrary,
sentiment,
them,'
constrained
indicate
shall
passing
terminating
impossible
expression
their
of
one.
revenge
us
tears.
example,
profound
most
change
to
has
deep
above,
how
who
orator
an
let
into
if the
difficult
same
cited
it would
another
to
very
a
the
phrase
burst
but
permits
very
been
continue
"To
he
sketch
become
had
made
if
of
expression
sadness,
depict
brothers
our
whole
sadness
from
would
which
word
ridiculous
be
of
fate
the
simple
quickly
very
indeed,
ridiculous
perfectly
scribes
de-
he
the
employ
we
the
for
countenance
which
impressions.
enemy,'
the
should
says:
weep
us
by
killed
that
these
trace
imitation,
expression.
would,
it
149
impressions
facial
of
aid
the
designedly
is
literally
the
sketch
to
by
of authorized
limits
the
GESTURE
AND
ATTITUDE
has
he
be
imperceptible
far
outlined
simply
easier
movement,
him,
for
to
by
induce
SPEECH
150
them
to
then
Passing
to
sion,
expres-
the
attention
special
pay
of
feature
expression.
will
closed,
surprize, fear, indifference,
express
according
they
as
wide
are
half-
open,
lowered.
or
"If
the
facial
essential
most
should
orator
shame,
they
the
are
The
"They
or
the
bj
says:
eyes
their
analysis of
the
to
Xanthes
face.
dictated
words."
concluding
^'"The
resolution
the
express
they
glare
indicate
anger
;
if
is
eyebrows,
remain
they
it
frown,
eyebrows
contracted
under
calculated
of
sign
a
while
calm,
resolution.
nostrils
"The
"The
or
mouth
grief,
"In
"The
the
caused
emotion,
and
by
fear
droop.
forward
indicates
ignorance.
of
movement
the
elevation
an
mouth
the
extended
sometimes
by
of
corners
lip
lower
"The
in
opens
disdain.
express
surprize.
sudden
scorn,
expanded
head
of
thrown
back,
eyebrows,
the
companied
ac-
terprets
in-
audacity.
is exprest
"Affirmation
of
the
"Turned
the
by
a
downward
ture
ges-
head.
several
head
will
times
indicate
from
one
negation.
side
to
other,
an-
SPEECH
152
of
first
the
all
conditions
rules
observe
moderation
to
as
is to
the
and
scribed
prein
grace
gesture.
"Afterward,
it
by
audience
that
by
timid
wishes
be
acting
the
majority
him
admit
proof
nate
domi-
to
face
of
the
pose.
an
sufficiently
not
rostrum,
of
vinced
con-
will
who
of
to
that
persuaded
he
periority.
su-
to
a
not
can
one
of
act
an
that
hear
to
being
presence
conviction;
listen
own
come
their
this
his
be
incontestable
have
supremacy,
should
commit
it is
those
of
not
orator
every
public
his
conviction
because
oneself
incommode
is
he
thus
this
certain
the
the
of
is,
to
impressing
in
are
master
vanity,
extreme
of
how
value.
with
impregnated
know
the
reserve
they
own
to
into
succeed
mounting
"When
"By
cold
a
never
their
of
public;
the
frankly
because
audience,
one
of
looking
and
"The
a
to
possession
take
who
it is necessary
does
not
speaker
when
teach
people
anything.
"The
orator
of
indicative
feels
to
agitation,
dissemble
"He
should
should,
he
therefore,
must
of
and
grace
make
a
take
power.
determined
an
tude
attiIf
he
effort
it.
wait
until
perfect
silence
reigns
beginning
before
he
should
of
"One
'
'
to
his
"During
head
first
that
every
those
voice
which
of
the
features,
by
the
aid
is
"An
the
with
to
of
of
in
the
effort
his
his
public,
proportion
hearers.
to
and
the
as
the
opinions
moderate
a
emphasize
think
to
volume
speaking.
play
them
gestures.
begin
to
of
use
the
express
it by
ought
is
by
order
oration.
dimensions
he
his
words.
graceful
commence
in
the
to
should
better
his
diminish
to
and
idea
in
best
turn
left,
the
his
where
he
and
always
intelligence
his
"should
the
care
rare
orator
roughly
exacts
of
and
slowly,
he
gives utterance,
he
"It
auditorium.
himself
to
is the
orator
to
or
place
take
should
"He
to
the
terval
in-
an
often:
an
explain
according
of
acoustics
then
increase
should
his
in
restrict
which
of
between
too
participate
may
gestures
"He
of
one
have
tumult
allowing
the
by
right,
the
to
the
truth
discourse,
should
"He
this
disorder
appease
shall
repetition.
imposed
silence
he
intervene
to
repeat
not
can
The
way
their
and
words
these
seconds
few
a
in
them,
repeat
158
case
words
first
his
In
speak.
to
pronounced
voices,
GESTURE
AND
ATTITUDE
phrases.
short
of
discourse
a
the
appeal
which
he
comprehend
has
is
not
him
to
imbued
treated
that
he
SPEECH
154
**Cut
of
have
many
if you
than
of
and
at
above
all
'
'
The
this
sonorous.
final
gesture,
'
'
This
never
be
by
well
to
will
be
of
means
will
ardor
harmonious
his
sentences,
of
phrase
the
tures
ges-
and
longer
become
to
as
do
this
the
left
tial
essen-
which
illustrate
like
the
will
and
is quite
gesture
he
will
more
should
reaches
which
will
it is
rhetoric;
audience,
moment
to
attention
the
enthusiasm
appropriate
he
listened
be
conviction.
a
discourse,
words
which
You
in
one
his
possible.
to
of
when
an
heart
considerations.
favor
among
with
tion,
perora-
of
chance
important
as
influences
the
the
provisati
im-
first
all.
*'If
their
the
the
as
lesson
a
the
to
go
wearied
useless
reason,
impassioned
which
chances
himself
propagated
dictate,
more
is not
of
point
in
quickly
in
this
create
as
by
discourse
"For
and
already
demonstration
the
exordium
have
public
your
"A
of
the
discourse
the
will
a
short
initial
the
attitude
of
the
hearers,
of
the
discourse
memory
former
of
the
attitude
will
remain
representations;
gestures,
to
leave
the
at
only
sition
dispoation
termin-
engraved
it
will
this
on
efface
one
maining.
re-
well,
''Understand
awkwardness
that
or
the
discourse,
would
'
'
and
who
that
of
they
thought,
of
beauty."
experience
are
but
to
not
also
be
during
of
from
them
the
the
listened
only
bearers
propagators
of
cases
admitting
them
attitude
attractive
wish
all
however,
;
to
155
eliminate
we
ridicule
obliterate
Orators
forget
had
has
one
GESTURE
AND
ATTITUDE
the
tion
perora-
mind.
to
should
of
of
not
speech
the
ligion
re-
LESSON
AS
SPEECH
X
USED
BUSINESS
IN
FAMILY
is
It
that
gatherings
LIFE
on
the
rostrum
the
art
of
only
not
AND
and
public
at
should
speaking
be
revealed.
It
to
is
indisputable
of
which
in
allied
the
to
The
conditions
one
it
is
of
daily
applied
of
producing
conviction
desire
of
sustaining,
of
reprimanding,
of
of
authority
often
very
when
need
the
even
yes,
and
thousand
the
value
is
consoling,
others.
the
of
head
the
on
life,
in
way
pends
de-
family
the
which
he
presses
ex-
himself.
A
badly
phrase
people
than
feeling
It
also
words,
most
who
many
until
reprehensible
had
had
exact
intween
be-
other
no
sympathy.
that
the
by
will
acts
keep
to
156
how
knowing
not
opinions
people
discord
created
then
reciprocal
happens
their
often
has
statements,
of
composed
constructed,
be
use
of
silent
committed
to
terpret
in-
appropriate
and
allow
in
their
BUSINESS
IN
is
impossible
people
who
which
they
wish
they
It
to
these
if not
the
the
cultivate
of
it
is
needs,
in
a
as
they
would
clear
of
plication
ap-
life-work.
its
all
the
tion,
perfectime
the
guage,
lan-
polished
harmonious
gestures,
pressing
ex-
sound
and
simple
manner
the
devote
to
a
seen,
prevent
reasons
acquisition
by
have
study,
in
gance
ele-
and
veritable
ambition
depict
to
one
we
of
a
possible
accompanied
to
accurate,
words,
course
this
the
to
necessary
them
most
every
material
always
for
if
well-chosen
or
of
achievement
the
to
demands
if moral
But,
given
complete
which
when
moment
speech.
language
to
with
speak
easy
manner
in
and
special
very
brilliant,
not
sentiments
of
be
of
thought!
in
art
them,
number
to
the
thoughts
is certainly
It
his
most
the
at
their
express
from
inability
affected
however,
would,
interpret
estimate
the
are
157
prevented.
to
lament
LIFE
word
one
been
have
surely
It
with
which,
presence,
would
FAINIILY
AND
ideas.
"There
"in
are
the
which
preponderant
circumstances,"
no
art
of
influence
speaking
over
says
does
the
not
Xanthes,
exert
conclusion
a
of
acts.
The
young
scholar
who
appears
at
ease
and
158
SPEECH
with
speaks
rather
master,
unskilled
at
the
which
remains
In
than
in
That
disposal,
who
to
they
However,
exacts
more
conviction
is
the
there
a
a
of
didates
can-
has
speech
of
anything
hearers
adopt?
of
worthy.
these
tions
posi-
disdain
them
are
culty
diffithe
among
affair,
an
of
the
certain
suasion
per; now
of
means
of
as
of
powers
but
by
well
as
words
assertions.
more
account
of
often
are
in
ing
attain-
better, for
important
incapable
on
versed
never
who
obtained
truth
man
they
of
speech
display
only
and,
them
are
success.
of
less
or
risk
them
of
defeat
presentation
idea,
have
places
not
are
those
know
to
which
his
Xanthes
number
complain
to
inelegance
obstacles
of
few
so
who
not
refused
and
Is
but
principle.
facility of
of which
can
seeking
without
proving
of
time
the
to
great
run
one
being
an
the
which
pitied
position
the
The
in
them,
be
to
are
art, for
this
his
necessity.
a
They
of
talent
indisputable
an
relative
covet
favor
superior
in
as
society,
the
expression."
true
to-day
modern
become
of
art
win
of
one
was
even
our
will
elegance
the
pitiable than
of
of
making
it,
opinion
the
himself
unable
which
derstood
un-
to
he
tude
atti-
vince
con-
would
SPEECH
160
"There
certain
are
"where
philosopher,
taught
first
of
elements
"The
in
only
from
"What
of
Children
themselves
of
the
gradually
of
their
which
of
slang
in
swamps
science
the
in
thing
Must
of
ination,
imag-
their
becoming
language
their
from
her
one
in
poets
world
point
of
curious
which
she
usually
that
in
them.
gutter
sister
of
borrowing
brilliant
clothes
in
children
grand-
rarer.
but
have
every
their
never
slums
the
expressions
illegitimate
those
the
of
and
rarer
of
of
students
comprehend
can
the
the
the
inculcate
to
slang
pure
elegant
try
scorn
to
of
language
are
then
then
minds
and
who
habitual
pure
the
allow
flatters
it
!
charm
pleases
that
the
professors
the
we
The
the
sports,
correct
grandparents
The
teachers
readily
by
time
manded
de-
age."
generation
same
mulated
forbe
can
contemporary
our
of
independence.
first
At
the
as
criticisms
as
tender
attracted
be
the
at
spirit
of
special coloring
whose
words
is
vulgarities
correct
of
this
to
time
admit
as
for
lesson
a
the
speaking
same
approves
child
a
the
not
manner
a
of
art
at
does
and
continues
instruction.
master
language
the
children
the
to
schools,"
proved
where
her
pressions
ex-
ideas
out
throughthis
un-
?
BUSINESS
IN
couth
perceived
is sometimes
as
would
of
have
should
of
evidence
is
This
the
the
"The
of
for
these
the
"It
we
by
is
shall
of
substituting
creator
of
them
speech
succeed
strong
which
ality
trivi-
giving
are
conversation.
their
the
preach
of
head
the
sity
neces-
"is
Xanthes,
of
the
that
speech
relatives
are
dowed
en-
thoughts
can
not
power.
healthy
if he
does
in
for
not
as
in
well
combating
it
the
resolutions."
by
to
terpret
in-
destroy
minds.
example
that
weakness,
mental
power
morally
how
which
young
as
is
who
know
words,
in
impulses
by
they
to
they
through
and
thoughts
unbalanced
if
descend
that
and
efficaciously transmitted
responsible
and
that
is
children
projections
"The
judges
poor
professor,
says
it
;
creative
with
be
words,"
of
truth
speaking.
thought
minds
its
are
necessary
practise
of
art
spoken
vehicle
the
should
family
of
is
it
why
barbarity-
all
of
originality
the
in
believing
sincerely
while
one
the
will
father, they
their
be
using
reproduce
natural
the
them
near
heaven
forbidden
by
expression,
of
gradations
not
phrase
161
of
then
children
but
it;
portray
these
his
picture
realistic
too
a
glimpse
a
which
expressions,
these
LIFE
it is not
;
emphasize
to
orator
of
its birth
had
language
the
FAMILY
AND
of
the
will,
SPEECH
162
"The
"is
it
of
art
also
the
shall
we
of
field
the
'
*
initial
their
of
parasitic
ignore
little
the
stand
under-
shall
we
of
speech
and
the
art
resolutions
enlarging
by
little,
so
as
to
triumph.
to
the
cultivating
thoughts
confusedly,
think
to
because
thought
who
Those
in
accustomed,
of
pruning
philosopher,
By
quickly
very
become
to
the
gradations.
intelligence,
the
the
allow
of
art
succeed
how
to
adds
speaking,"
less
are
tented
con-
are
tions
imperfecto
apparent
them.
"But,
quickly
seeking
obscurity
who
express
them
the
then
of
necessity
of
old
of
circumstances
of
exchange
the
orator
he
says,
to
And
he
adds:
"is
achieved
concerns
the
by
of
the
kind
a
if it affects
which,
one
susceptible
the
on
life.
interlocutor,
the
'
those
again
his
the
'
in
confusion
which
that
social
profoundly
radiance.
is
it
strike
will
insists
in
influence
most
the
that
ideas
orator
radiance,
and
they
difficulty."
with
eloquence
"Persuasion,"
idea
their
of
and
idea
the
this
represent
to
them,
express
defects.
determines
and
the
to
their
perceive
"Speech
And
forced
being
larly
simi-
will
two
penetration
who
of
only
is
this
"Two
evening
of
the
flame
the
second,
in
other
while
the
his
of
bearers
The
torches
;
he
who
and
way
the
idea
impressions,
will
of
light
how
to
all
a
of
this,
terlocut
inthe
confused
his
of
chaos
in
the
separate
light
diffusing
understand
not
produce.
the
does
which
shine
to
not
disposed
eloquent
his
him
prevent
as
a
seeing
from
mit
per-
if
happy
too
eyes
to
dispense
men
him,
upon
before
come
will
be
will
he
which
lights
generously
blur
his
of
a
obscure
does
he
of
force
the
in
to
succeed
ers
bear-
two
persuasion,
how
the
never
compensation
"As
so
from
which
himself
around
little
knows
who
by
torch.
heart
himself
expresses
ing,
wav-
touched
by
of
illumination
the
other,
the
over
torch
was
these
them
was
the
him
like
of
dimly
of
smoky
are
one
spreads
arguments
the
speech
when
flame
of
that
latter
scarcely
was
from
escaping
rays
of
latter
the
toward
advancing
altho
but,
burned
that
the
ing
walk-
light,
lighted,
by
163
were
another;
dimly
so
torch,
brilliant
a
illuminated
the
which
'
shed
one
LIFE
a
one
imperfectly
completely
*
meet
to
darkness,
the
the
carrying
each
men,
one
FAMILY
AND
BUSINESS
IN
result
in
with-
himself."
The
against
philosopher
the
puts
misfortunes
us
which
again
in
on
our
social
guard
life
can
SPEECH
164
from
result
accused
unjustly
man
in
justify himself
of
lack
partial defect
or
he
happened,"
often
has
"It
radical
a
a
satisfactory
to
find
from
the
how
knowing
quence.
elo-
''that
a
able
been
have
not
may
says,
in
the
for
manner,
words
right
the
to
to
say.
* '
day,
One
accused
was
valuable
guilt, for
public
speaking.
first
the
to
neighbor
judge
of
he
he
was
a
unable
denial,
magic
power
he
"He
turn,
he
;
he
belief
his
undertook
But
I.'
converted
the
that
make
to
guilty of
was
the
from
is not
to
gifted
not
himself
speaker
began
he
merely
was
it
a
pelled
com-
was
satisfied
man
to
stolen
crime
the
accused.
of
network
contest
to
accused
the
of
convincing
these
by
by
his
that
was
"Confused
and
'No,
clever
in
acknowledge
which
judge,
limited
thoroughly
so
He
poor
He
a
was
latter, persuaded
him
the
expression:
the
him.
innocence,
his
his
deny
the
Athens
having
of
to
before
appear
protesting
by
the
belonging
of
suburbs
neighbor
his
by
ring
to
in
man
a
words,
proofs
phrases,
ended
and,
authority
whose
than
otherwise
altho
by
rounded
sur-
by
proving
perfectly
sistent
perthe
nocent,
in-
confest.
confest,
as
much
to
rid
himself
of
the
IN
responding
of
torture
words
the
evoked
by
and
which,
for
his
mind
so
at
this
crisis
retorted,
by affecting
succumb
to
as
the
to
which
to
this
165
LIFE
FA^IILY
AND
BUSINESS
very
he
never
ended
reason,
seriously
gestion
sug-
to
as
bring
on
brain-trouble.
'
'
Happily,
hastened
could
who
speaker,
it
which
in
and
success,
of
It
be
increase
to
essential
earliest
the
as
much
of
the
ditions
con-
father
endeavor
he
care
to
will
correct
the
upon
of
interest
have
their
of
head
dren
chil-
the
speech.
patriarch,"
the
to
it in
of recitations
method
bearer
or
cultivate
possible.
the
of
part
to
age
imposes
also
which
taking
an
life
family
starting-point
the
recommends
there
"should
in
reply
to
in
well
as
contribute
may
the
Xanthes
''The
him
to
happiness.
from
family
and
questions
the
for
speaking,
is, therefore,
and
the
' '
life, may
social
confession
way.
of
art
his
overwhelmed
was
from
impossible
was
appropriate
The
he
escaping
of
desire
the
unskilful
the
explain
They
difficulty of retorting
which
with
arguments
ring.
prison
not
the
by
than
otherwise
from
liberate
to
his
found
neighbor
the
happened:
unexpected
something
his
the
family
children
unsuitable
he
says,
by
rations
nar-
repeat,
expres-
'
SPEECH
166
and
sions
"He
define
the
create
in
to
into
them
eliminate
will
which
try
initiating
vulgar
minds
young
sufficiently faithful
that
will
evoked,
always
of
And
to
"Many
their
of
be
for
forth
families
owe
union
the
word
for
thither,
place
as
where
gravitate
"
portance
im-
the
by
the
psychologist
the
familiar
voice
and
beauty
goodness
of
twilight,
relating
his
;
he
the
staff,
will
hospitality require,
reigns,
and
his
which
in
listeners
the
of
to
courage
lay down
suddenly,
before
stories
marvelous
peace
the
are
passing
shadows
the
rules
eloquence
which
evening,
among
in
with-
world.
the
some
stop
welcomed
idea
slender
the
man's
a
to
a
in
by
devotion
ask
all
the
the
traced
harmony
fine
one
family
may
suggest
to
hold
to
to
and
gifts
hears
he
adequate
allowing
adds:
traveler
sustain
tures
thought-pic-
idea."
concealed
attentive
will
eliminating
by
limits
the
when,
houses
and
care
speak,
head
"And
soul,
taking
the
enviable
most
a
not
Xanthes,
him
forth
are
within
attention
and
immediately
not
it
call
which
words
other
does
word
this
itself, he
call
to
those
or
them,
conveys
"If
words,
inadequately,
thought
these
of style.
the beauties
these
two
charity."
lites
satel-
SPEECH
168
in
it in
all
its
philosophy
the
it
simplified
science
which,
who
ones
"To
intuitions,
of
pastors
"By
as
a
by
the
such
broadcast
above
all
of
just, and
else,
does
thoughts
masters,
absolutely
this
by
structio
in-
whose
are
method.
educate
human
of
understanding
the
of
can
not
through
to
the
of
all
orators
conception
the
the
the
of
permit
teach,
them
chirographical
man
entity,
medium
have
true, in the
never
of
study
objective
an
as
through
ideas,
rational
books
than
being
spreading
whom
devoted
more
subjective
the
dispensa
is in-
happiness.
aspirations
the
were
spiritual
body,
those
to
the
away
soul,
the
being
speech
and
inspired
men
this
of
take
to
illustrious
crowd,
teach
to
duties,
their
been
prehensible
com-
went
the
productive,
have
address
of
these
them,
more
was
the
of
more
one
for
that
succeeded
have
others
each
appreciation
time
the
Since
and
as
the
discourse
abandoned
was
provisions
well
as
addrest
his
brilliant,
more
him
to
**
follow
to
he
of
tone
reasoning,
with
carrying
food,
the
became
; pure
up
able
when
moment
people
common
changed;
be
to
deductions.
from
"But
the
of
science
the
of
generated,
the
beautiful,
of
hearts
since
to
their
those
cation
edu-
interpret
signs."
AND
INSTRUCTION
instruction
modern
Altlio
lost
not
There
the
to
effort
remarks
their
truth.
to
hear
especially
of
Xanthes
before
and
ing
makconsent
yet
orator.
an
lectures
ought
indolence
the
to
versally
uni-
be
now
hesitate
lecture
a
to
of
success
who
many
listen
to
come
The
yet
are
of
any
may
the
propagated,
have
169
be
to
of
the
attributed
of
generality
audiences.
We
''the
say
number
there
seek
those
are
only
But
the
of
greater
people
would
not
The
of
that
It
a
of
they
listening
of
a
to
scientific
on
which
or
is to
of
superficial
work
all
finished,
of
something
left
to
store
Very
few
among
but
them
consider
more
riously.
se-
detail, only
expounded.
to
being
it
fundamental
gives
nothing
posed
com-
advantage,
the
minds
tainments
at-
subject
one
study
be
tures
lec-
listen
to
still another
facts
is
consent
superfluity
to
acquiring
audiences
hour
how
main
that
the
an
presents
the
principles
if
understand
eliminating
mentioning
of
part
during
lecture
by
the
among
verify their
who,
dissertations
to
who
to
or
because
opportunity
an
instruction
more
of
generality"
the
the
the
impression
perfected,
knowledge.
charm
of
SPEECH
170
preparatory
work,
comprehend
the
It
is
thanks
which,
the
in
whom
the
awakened,
the
person
been
did
as
say,
"I
have
lost
not
"Instruction,"
to
the
been
"Whether
of
or
offers
it
named,
the
guise
the
pupils.
he
of
of
taught
infinite
to
used
of
art
to
men
come
them
by
form
ways
al-
of classes, of
logs,
dia-
study.
dialogs
It
them
parasitic
by
that
these
general
ideas
ideas,
he
the
lessons
made
using
by
from
them
the
should
under
professor
and
dialog
that
in
follows
everything
that
Plato
instruction
oral
between
and
course,
separate
is
whom
practise
always
demonstrations.
oratorical
among
a
has
speaking
special
the
Athenian,
where
given
of
object
to
and
rejoice
old
the
again
the
masters,
has
:
are
for
one
day!"
which
field
"Certain
be
only
religious initiation, instruction
vast
a
outlines.
is
may
reunions,
adopts
they
instruction
for
man
my
whom
with
master,
main
there
lecturer
in
lessons,
take
its
in
desire
of
things
instruction,
audience,
says
consists
"always
of
least
celebrated
a
who
lectures
of
learn
mode
at
without
that
true
this
to
if, among
And
still fewer
are
never
existence,
the
learn
less
would
people
many
there
utility of it.
the
none
and
all
its
his
confused
understand
own
efforts
mass
the
AND
individual
the
their
wide
illumined
And
of
the
speech, placed
at
for
shadow
great
them,
as
hover
over
the
at
vogue
Its
hovers
which
pass
philosophy
Many
over
it
as
will
time."
all
passed
of
out
than
more
attributed
and
in
ever
oral
the
to
which
gives
instruction,
by
less
quite
and
eloquence,
for
ried
hurmount
para-
reason
for
are
less
profound
the
to
oratory.
instruction
free
as
politicians,
the
religious
many
in
masters
material,
as
contributed
largely
opportunity
an
also
of
art
thought,
and
have
be
lead
has
speakers
is also
the
hovered
us,
is
:
rapidity.
of
but
for
to
development
It
of
Socrates
oratory
we
Christianity
can
words
of creative
over
must
relative
its
prepared
moment.
importance
of
lights
whose
were
priests
rhetoric
of
art
supremacy
life
objections,
prophetic
of
of
this
who
disposal
philosophy
forms
but
use,
those
true
the
it still
Many
their
thought
these
adds
were
the
der
un-
threshold."
Xanthes
"Those
of
door
the
the
over
and
replies
minds
the
step
themselves
form.
same
opened
to
171
concealing
differences
"Eliciting
he
INSTRUCTION
from
that
whose
of
in
sion,
submiscians.
rhetori-
speeches
a
SPEECH
172
are
inspired
and
are
veritable
With
many
by
Some
the
of
art
so
is
speech
debate,
prepared
that
whose
will
they
of
the
the
love
of
teach
heart
of
political
of
men
curbing
the
idea
of
to
moves
and,
for
teach
the
Agora
to
us,
in
of
respect
modern
our
our
flow
a
words,
by
to
property,
convincing
combating
the
whom
consecrated
stone
promulgated
laws
with
of
noble
which
Xanthes,
and
to-day
and
phrases
the
laws
the
spontaneously,
brought
for
respect
emotion
the
the
certain
rise.
of
to
near
all
causes
forth
cause
their
of
statement
to
bursts
noble
there,
tion
civiliza-
instiucts
and
appetites.
our
But
which
contemporaries
a
oaths,
of
impulse
eloquence
like
the
the
derive
contrary,
from
recital
sentiments
Under
the
on
effects
the
abuses,
noble
causes,
political teaching.
argumentative
are
others,
principal
for
public
conviction.
produce
noble
of
them
an
arguments
them,
of
classes
among
interpreted
concise
defense
the
by
it is not
thoughts
given
before
to
an
every
one
to
audience
manifest
of
his
own
quality.
is
This
when
he
''There
what
the
Athenian
orator
foresees
says:
are
other
orators
whose
mission
is all
the
amid
the
who
go
of
din
the
to
**A
special
"It
is
unknown
of
minds
dren,
chilall
receive
to
first
their
of
who
masters,
is
eloquence
teach
years.
for
necessary
them.
and
firmness,
gentleness,
as
a
garden,
iron.
as
It has
flowers
with
decked
be
should
the
it is
persuasion.
solid
of
however,
discrimination.
composed
unconscious
"It
disciples
no
because
fitted
are
during
children
little
speeches
praises;
unformed
yet
wax,
the
mean
have
valuable
more
without
impressions
"We
as
like
which,
* '
is
their
they
their
singing
about
addrest
;
obscure,
more
terminate
not
applause
instruction
their
and
do
latter
"These
it is
because
meritorious
more
173
INSTRUCTION
AND
the
not
right
hypothesis,
in
nor
in
wander
to
the
seductive
the
domain
of
paths
imagination.
"Effects
are
its brilliancy,
by
to
""If
the
sonority
of his
is
a
master
shepherd
"But
by
but
children
of
souls.
what
care
not
attract
minute
tention
at-
detail.
will
must
be
of
enthusiasm
called
a
of
leader
never
taken
be
other
to
the
by
crowd
the
the
and
sometimes
of
and
slow
a
dominating
phrases
does
It
lot.
smallest
orator,
emotions,
the
the
its
not
his
men,
than
preserve
174
SPEECH
tender
these
wild
minds
beasts
seek
who
falsehood,
"Even
and
the
the
of
approach
devour
to
them
the
risy,
hypoc-
"
treachery.
should
illusion
gentle
among
from
number
of
enemies
be
included
which
should
be
banished.
"It
is
that
highly
the
age
been
the
at
many
of
manhood,
in
distant
false
when
have
changed
very
of which
epoch
to
ing
reachfused
re-
they
as
them
to
little
seize
follow
to
since
Athenian
the
too
illusion, which,
thought
they
calling
when
absorbed
of
smile
it
life, having
belittle
realities,
its
while
disappeared
esteemed
people,
young
the
moment
Things
having
so
recognize
to
have
of
because
it,
it."
the
far
philosopher
speaks.
In
day
our
the
still
thankless,
of
task
is
called
the
teacher,
of
that
a
everywhere
shepherd
of
produces
so
souls.
The
many
for
appetite
fine
and
strong
counsellor,
and
these
persuasive
other
of
ideas,
perfidy.
if
which
resolutions
from
instruction
infancy
has
good
whose
and
justice
brilliancy
be
can
a
to
in
a
testable
de-
rational
penetrated
not
souls, demonstrating
young
principles
living
them
opposition
masks
the
to
profound
LESSON
THE
POWER
XII
THE
OF
by
the
the
has
of
organization
All
the
of
be
death
said
be
shame
the
"His
who
youth,
what
Attica
it
could
who
has
enthusiasm
the
crying:
rose
'Let
of
us
the
to
go
Salamis!'
reconquer
*'The
containing
decree
repealed,
back
taken
clamations,
pro-
people
whom
of
man
a
aroused
oratory
Athenian
win
is
of
stone
of
fenders
de-
the
Salamis!'
deserted
was
him
ing
scorn-
all
the
to
of
'This
later,
have
''who,
threatening
mounted
Salamis,
the
the
life.
actions
Xanthes,
demonstrating
would
family
heroic
all
says
of
menace
in
in
discourses,
by
Solon,"
was
and
played
part
important
equally
and
acts
inspired
"It
been
the
times
society
generous
been
ancient
most
orator
OVER
FEELINGS
THE
Since
VOICE
it
History
and
Salamis
from
away
is
rich
the
Athenians
the
from
the
them.
in
were
Megarians,
death
able
who
'
examples
176
of
menace
of
this
kind.
to
had
POWER
who
of
of
virtue
by
formidable
The
THE
beginning
the
Since
the
OF
VOICE
our
era
speech
177
have
men
have
peared
ap-
engendered
resolutions.
prophets
and
masses,
unlimited
have
had
their
predictions
power
have
over
often
versed
re-
Fate.
it
of
that
It
due
they
are
"
faithful,
in
is
even
to
souls,
peopled
words
of
the
beds
influence
than
made
to
of
the
of
with
the
silken
that
taught
afterward
to
their
of
magic
the
lief
be-
the
masses,
the
of
teachings
was,
burning
springs
spreading
of
in
hammed,
Mo-
pirations.
as-
words,
Mussulmans,
for
hours
to
stories.
refreshing
the
disciples,
halls, squat
Mohammed
as
that
responded
ideas,
public
teller
a
wanderers
his
from
Arabian,
the
lastly
cradled
or
According
of
and
resulted
discourses
his
which
now
cafes
listen
and
seductive
evoking
his
then
doctrine
a
the
other
obscure
young,
kinsmen,
his
the
in
have
any
of
virtue
by
was
first to
It
to
teaching
speech?
the
to
Christian
which
activities
various
the
of
propagation
The
he
the
branches
stuffs
; at
the
exuberant
them
to
these
future
a
casts
make
leader
great
promises
desert
visions
sing,
this
its
life
sound
of
foliage
shadows,
forget
the
178
SPEECH
of the
dryness
lying,
and,
of
death,
epic
close
the
Almighty
a
much
of
And
after,
here-
face
the
in
them
had
Crusaders,
a
discourse,
in
which
monk
session
pos-
it any
coming
the
in
affirmed
these
at
will
concise
a
devotion
efforts
their
in
the
have
of
and
the
has
caused
gated!
insti-
they
due
been
who
knows
extent
of
in
able
been
is
them!
to
successful
by
spite
to
all the
not
we
of speech
acquittal, when,
he
deeds
life do
triumph
to
words
!
power
lawyer
a
three
noble
many
much
judges
?
how
of
all
the
influence
to
from
dragging
sow
time
the
seeds
them
of
proofs
of
doubt
minds.
their
times,
produced;
defender,
"lasp
in
place
of
in contemporary
Take
At
the
ancestors,
run
cry
How
many
virtue
in
the
blood
shed!
How
guilt,
the
was
How
an
of
phrase?
be
the
to
can
of
than
of
How
assist
and
alone
actually
are
far-away
their
mass
a
they
miracles
these
were
poem
origin
definite
which
on
them.
the
to
in
which
of
other
as
are,
rise
to
The
gain
to
they
ready
matting
those
uncertainty
however,
then,
pity
whose
the
at
arises
and
mission
not
can
passionate
appeal
holds
its
is to
out
punish.
of
hands
be
the
to
POWER
OF
another
Immediately,
mind:
Have
This
is he
would
to
they
have
Under
the
the
**
all
in
the
of
man
like
of
this
injustice
Xanthes
the
oning,
reas-
restrains
revengeful
restraint
which
"is
again,
the
to
forms
divers
like
the
earth.
of
if
as
the
seed,
eloquence,
germination,
under
olden
but
ardor
determination.
may
bear
sleeping
been
during
fruit
in
the
only
heart
pronounced;
and
slowly
the
favorable
the
form
times
which
sleeping
of
but,
soon
pears,
ap-
of
fertilization
action
an
or
of
its progeny.
are
burst
not
seed
germinates
to
which
resolution
is speech
it had
it
it
that
season
so
the
with
as
spring,
"In
influence
a
had
sprouts.
bad
idea
he?
into
is confided
thanks
an
fate
destitution,
same
and
strike,
to
same
than
melt,
says
Sometimes,
the
the
moral
a
going
redemption.
adopts
always
the
changed
a
''Speech,"
it
of
is
which
in
better
hearts
become
"It
been
agony
punishment
seed
born
If
their
severe?
are
?
17^
enters
be
to
they
dominating
their
them;
may
be
them
right
victim
a
VOICE
doubt
whom
one
himself
caused
the
they
guilty
not
THE
forth
was
a
sufficed
word
and
to
resolved
let
loose
into
make
to
an
a
tive
effec-
spontaneous
180
SPEECH
"But
of
productive
is
orator
"As
the
fields
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they
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the
on
as
which
181
attitude
an
existence
from
occasion
'
VOICE
maintain
men
throughout
every
THE
to
the
of
us.
the
soul
vidual
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ciety
so-
SPEECH
182
is the
It
the
also
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sympathy,"
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words
says,
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adopt
aspirations.
friendship
become
they
if
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or
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ardent,
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LANGUAGE
ENGLISH
Six
With
of
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The
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demand
advances
mighty
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man
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