1. health and fitness
2. disease

2011 SDMS Annual Conference Faculty Objectives
TH-02 Got Integrity? How to Combat Academic Dishonesty
1. Expand understanding of academic dishonesty as it pertains to educating allied health
professionals
2. Recognize various forms that violations of academic integrity can take
3. Provide strategies for handling issues of academic integrity and discuss tools for preventing it’s
occurrence in the first place
4. Discuss ways to cultivate an environment of academic honesty
TH-03 Sonography of the Appendix and Abdominal Wall Hernias
1. Identify the sonographic landmarks for locating the appendix
2. List the various locations of abdominal wall hernias
3. Recognize the contents of abdominal wall hernias
TH-04 The Comprehensive Echocardiogram: Does My Exam Meet the Standards?
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Discuss the transducer location and the various imaging planes available
Discuss the correct 2-D imaging orientations for each imaging view
Review the examination and interrogation of the great vessels from the suprasternal views
Review the examination and interrogation of the heart and liver from the subcostal window
Discuss how to perform a comprehensive transthoracic echocardiographic examination tailoring
the examination to the specific needs of the patient
TH-05 First Trimester Screening: Where We Are in 2011
1. Describe a systemic approach to evaluate fetal anatomy for the 11-13 week sonography
examination
2. Demonstrate the technique needed to achieve a reliable and accurate measurement of the Fetal
Nuchal Tranlucency
3. Gain a greater understanding of additional markers that can be evaluated which include the
nasal bone, tricuspid regurgitation, ductus venosus waveform and frontomaxillary facial angle
TH-06 Fundamentals of Upper and Lower Extremity Venous Scanning
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2.
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4.
Detail the anatomy of the upper and lower extremity venous systems
Describe the technical protocols for sonographic examination of the extremity veins
Relate the current diagnostic criteria used for defining acute and chronic venous thrombosis
Describe the various pathologies that may be encountered during an extremity venous duplex
examination
TH-08 Math & Everyday Life: The Mathematical Perspective All Students Should Know
1. Recognize the difference between absolute and relative questions
2011 SDMS Annual Conference Faculty Objectives
2. Identify linear and non-linear relationships
3. Learn basic logic and reasoning skills applicable in all phases of learning and work
TH-09 Develop and Analyze Your Test
1. Describe the different purposes of assessment and how the tests built for each may differ
2. Explain the advantages of objective testing, as well as its drawbacks
3. Identify the parts of a multiple-choice question (MCQ or ‘item’) and the ARDMS style rules for
each
4. Avoid providing hints or confusion about the correct answer to an item
5. Change the difficulty of an item by changing only the response options
TH-10 Abdominal Doppler
1. Describe the anatomy of the abdominal vascular systems
2. Relate the techniques used for performing duplex sonographic evaluations of the abdominal
aorta, mesenteric and renal arteries
3. List the current diagnostic criteria for classification of aortic, mesenteric and renal artery
stenosis
4. Define the pitfalls associated with abdominal vascular sonographic examinations
TH-11 Aortic and Mitral Stenosis 2-D and Doppler Assessment
1.
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List normal valve areas of aortic and mitral valve
Define valvular stenosis
Outline comprehensive pre-operative echo assessment of stenotic lesions
Calculate aortic valve area by continuity method
Determine mitral valve area by continuity, PISA, planimetry and pressure half-time methods
TH-12 GYN Techniques
1. List sonographic techniques of gynecology specialty
2. Describe the differences and similarities between transabdominal, transvaginal, transperineal,
and sonohysterography
3. Summarize the advantages and disadvantages of techniques presented
4. Recognize the applications of GYN techniques presented
TH-15
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Interesting Cases: Scanning with the Stars
Identify and evaluate normal anatomical structures on sonographic images
Critique technical factors on sonographic images
Recognize pathologic conditions and their variable sonographic appearances
Identify other diagnostic tests/clinical indications and their role in contributing to the
sonographic findings
TH-16 Making Bioeffects Meaningful for Students
2011 SDMS Annual Conference Faculty Objectives
1. Demonstrate techniques to teach students the mechanisms for thermal and mechanical
bioeffects
2. Demonstrate to students how to select the appropriate output power settings for sonographic
examinations
3. Teach students in an easily understood fashion the proper techniques for safe and effective
sonographic examinations
4. Teach students in an easily understood fashion the proper techniques for safe and effective
sonographic examinations
TH-17 Musculoskeletal Sonography of the Shoulder
1. Describe the anatomy of the shoulder
2. List the clinical indications for musculoskeletal imaging of the shoulder
3. Demonstrate knowledge of proper imaging techniques including pitfalls and artifacts of
musculoskeletal imaging.
4. Describe the sonographic tissue signatures of the ligaments, muscles, bony surfaces,
fibrocartilage, nerves and tendons of the shoulder.
TH-18 3-D Imaging for the Sonographer
1. Explain the differences between 2-D and 3-D imaging
2. List the components of 3-D image and the relationship to cardiac anatomy
3. Identify 3-D structures that may indicate abnormal cardiac anatomy
TH-20 Evaluation of Renal and Mesenteric Vasculature
1. Describe techniques to optimize the Doppler examination of the renal arteries
2. List the criteria for the identification of renal artery stenosis
3. Describe the appropriate criteria for Celiac and SMA stenosis
TH-22 Test-Taking Strategies: Eliminating the Voices In Your Head
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4.
Distinguish between types of exam questions and distracters
Identify keywords, words of inversion, and words of exclusion
Utilize mutual exclusively and other logical constructs to focus on central concepts
Employ these techniques on vascular related questions.
TH-25 Valvular Regurgitation: What Numbers Really Matter?
1. Describe the 2-D and Doppler views needed to assess mitral, tricuspid and aortic valve
regurgitation.
2. Describe what echocardiographic parameters must be collected to quantify the severity of
regurgitation for the mitral, tricuspid and aortic valves.
3. When assessing mitral valve regurgitation what are the pitfalls of acquiring the regurgitant
orifice area (ROA).
TH-26 Fetal MSK Sonography - A Practical Approach
2011 SDMS Annual Conference Faculty Objectives
1. Distinguish normal development and appearance
2. Discuss measurements
3. Review evaluation of skeletal dysplasia: Questions to ask, and the four most common lethal
diagnosis
4. Detail specific spine problems
TH-27 Arterial Evaluation - Aortoiliac to Tibial Arteries
1. Describe advantages of duplex sonography over other invasive imaging modalities.
2. Describe current trends in utilizations for duplex sonography in this setting.
3. Overcome pitfalls of arterial imaging of the LE arteries.
TH-29 Your Role Moving Forward
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4.
Organize expectations of the student role
Express the student's role in the classroom
Summarize the duties of the clinical intern
Describe how the expectations change during the progression from student to intern to
professional
5. Distinguish the difference between a clinical intern and an entry-level sonographer
TH-30 Integrating Technology into the Classroom
1. Identify the importance of utilizing technology to enhance the learning environment
2. Encourage the use of technology for academic and professional means
3. Demonstrate a variety of web genres suitable for diverse learning contents and learners
TH-32 Stepwise Approach to Diastolic Function
1. Outline diastole and grades of diastolic dysfunction
2. Review echocardiographic assessment of diastolic function
3. Describe typical protocols for comprehensive measurements
TH-33 The Fetal Central Nervous System
1. Identify normal sonographic anatomy of the fetal CNS
2. List the sonography findings of the major intracranial malformations
3. Discuss cerebral malformations related to neural tube defects
TH-34 Carotid Artery Sonogram - The Whole Story
1. Demonstrate proper scanning techniques
2011 SDMS Annual Conference Faculty Objectives
2. Gain an understanding of the different Doppler characteristics encountered while performing a
carotid duplex study
FR-39
Optimizing Breast Sonography
1. Identify normal sonographic breast anatomy
2. Correlate palpable abnormalities with sonographic findings
3. Correlate mammographic abnormalities with sonographic findings
FR-40 Congenital Heart Disease: The Funny Looking Heart Syndrome
1. Explain the most common congenital heart defects
2. List echocardiographic views obtained to accurate identify heart abnormalities
3. Identify structures that may indicate abnormal cardiac anatomy
FR-42 Early Markers of Cardiovascular Disease and Screening
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Explain the importance of the ankle-brachial index in categorizing peripheral arterial disease
Demonstrate proper techniques for measuring brachial artery reactivity
Demonstrate proper techniques for measuring intima-medial thickness
Determine appropriate vascular screening measurements to estimate cardiovascular risk of
heart attack and/or stroke
FR-43 Solid Liver Masses
1. Describe the appropriate indications for scanning the liver
2. Describe common and uncommon presentation of liver lesions
FR-44 Diastolic Function for Sonographer
1. Explain the various stages of diastolic dysfunction
2. List the components of the Doppler waveforms that are used to evaluate diastolic function
3. Identify values that may indicate normal and abnormal diastolic function
FR-45 Fetal Genitourinary Sonography
1. Identify the basic question that needs to be answered for the adequate evaluation of the fatel
GU system.
2. List the categories of fetal renal disease
3. Describe the normal renal, collecting system and bladder anatomy
FR-47 Advanced Breast Sonography
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4.
Explain causes of bloody nipple discharge
Identify the differences between saline and silicone implants
Assess metastatic lymph nodes
Define cysts arising from the skin
2011 SDMS Annual Conference Faculty Objectives
FR-48 Pericardial Disease: What it Takes to Make the Diagnosis
1. Describe what are the evident 2-D echocardiographic and Doppler findings associated with the
physiologic changes of cardiac tamponade.
2. Describe what are the 2-D echocardiographic, m-mode, and Doppler findings associated with
constrictive pericarditis.
3. Describe how a respirometer is a useful tool in the echocardiographic examination for
constrictive pericarditis.
FR-49 Sonographic Evaluation of the Fetal Abdomen
1. Discuss the ventral abdominal wall and cord insertion and group of anomalies that result from
its defective closure
2. Discuss gastrointestinal tract and its anomalies
3. List common abdominal masses of the fetal abdomen as demonstrates by sonography
FR-50 The Art and Science of Vascular Sonography
1. Demonstrate appropriate ultrasound machine settings for image optimization
2. Demonstrate the logical step-by-step thought processes for problem solving during the course
of a sonographic examination
3. Determine the appropriate vascular measurements to provide complete diagnostic information
4. Explain the trade-offs necessary to optimize either a Doppler or a B-mode display
SA-51 Sonographic Evaluation of Abdominal Pain
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Describe sonographic technique for evaluation of the billiary tree and pancreas.
Discuss the diagnostic criteria for diagnosis of acute cholecystitis and billiary colic.
Describe the sonographic findings of acute pancreatitis.
Describe the sonographic findings of aortic dissection and intraperitoneal free air.
SA-52 Right Heart Function: Remember Me?
1. Be familiarized with the Guidelines and Standards report of the American Society of
Echocardiographic Assessment of the Right Heart in Adults.
2. Describe the 2-D acoustic windows and echocardiographic views required for the evaluation of
the right heart.
3. Describe the echocardiographic and Doppler parameters required, and the views necessary to
obtain these parameters for assessing right ventricle hemodynamics, pulmonary circulation, and
RV size and systolic function.
4. Identify the segmental nomenclature of the right ventricular walls along with their coronary
supply.
SA-54 Strategic Approach to the Abnormal Vascular Exam
1. Identify the value of Doppler spectral analysis
2. Recognize and formulate an approach to normal and abnormal findings
3. Review the importance of clinical pretest probability
2011 SDMS Annual Conference Faculty Objectives
4. Discuss the specific difficulties that can dictate the limits of non-invasive testing
SA-55 Renal Transplantation: Preoperative & Postoperative
1. Describe the common abnormalities which may limit transplant placement.
2. Describe the sonographic findings and threshold values for common abnormalities of the renal
allograft after transplantation.
SA-57 Sonographic Findings of Common Genetic Disorders
1. Describe the difference between chromosomal aneuploidy, single gene disorders and genetic
syndromes
2. Discuss the importance of a complete fetal survey when one sonographic abnormality is
identified
3. Summarize the associated sonography findings for each diagnosis
4. Outline important clinical features of common diagnoses
SA-58 Venous Duplex Sonography - Expanding the Envelope
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Identify clinical parameters associated with venous disease
Discuss chronic vs. acute deep venous thrombosis
Review the natural history of deep vein thrombosis
Recognize the use and abuse of D-dimer testing
SA-59 Pancreas Transplantation
1. Identify the surgical variants of pancreas transplantation.
2. Give an appropriate differential diagnosis of peri-transplant fluid collections.
3. Recognize the principles and limitations of diagnosing pancreas transplant compromise by
sonography and Doppler.
4. Discuss the role of sonography in the evaluation of pancreatic obstruction, infection, and
vascular complications.
5. Review transplant biopsy technique
SA-60 The Comprehensive Fetal Echocardiogram
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Define what comprises a comprehensive "exam."
Employ this sequential method to maximize effectiveness of a fetal cardiac scan.
Identify the most common congenital heart.
Identify congenital heart defects commonly missed on prenatal scans.
SA-61 Sonographic Evaluation of Pelvic Pain
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Discuss the clinical presentation and sonographic findings of ovarian torsion.
Describe the sonographic findings of hemorrhagic and ruptured ovarian cysts.
Discuss new recommendations for f/u of the “classic” hemorrhagic ovarian cyst.
Discuss the common and uncommon sonographic findings of pelvic inflammatory disease.
2011 SDMS Annual Conference Faculty Objectives
SA-62 Vascular Emergency 911
1. Explain tricks of the trade that will counteract duplex sonography pitfalls encountered during
emergent vascular sonography
2. Recognize peripheral arterial disease secondary to atherosclerosis versus cardioembolic disease
3. Describe the importance of an appropriate clinical history
SA-63 Sonography of the Shoulder
1. Describe the surgical and sonographic anatomy of the shoulder
2. List the clinical indications for musculoskeletal imaging of the shoulder
3. Demonstrate knowledge of proper imaging techniques including pitfalls and artifacts of
musculoskeletal imaging.
4. Describe the sonographic tissue signatures of the ligaments, muscles, bony surfaces,
fibrocartilage, nerves and tendons of the shoulder.
SA-64 Contrast Echocardiography
1. Define contrast
2. List limitations of contrast use
3. Describe when it is appropriate to use contrast
SA-65 Fetal Anomalies with MRI Correlation
1. Describe basic MRI technology
2. Discuss clinical use in prenatal diagnosis
3. Summarize recent literature regarding the use of MRI in fetal imaging
SA-66 Sonographic Evaluation Pre and Post Dialysis Access Placement
1. Explain the hemodynamic differences between dialysis access shunts and fistulae
2. Demonstrate proper techniques for pre-operative evaluation of a patient needing hemodialysis
3. Demonstrate proper techniques for post-operative evaluation of a patient receiving
hemodialysis
4. Determine the appropriate vascular measurements to evaluate whether a dialysis access
may be failing
SA-68 3-D Cardiac Imaging: You Can Be the Expert!
1. Perform a time productive echocardiogram which integrates specific 3-D imaging and analysis
methods based on pathology type.
2. Describe the differences and applications that may be associated with “best use” for real-time 3D imaging, full volume acquisition for chamber quantitation, and multi-slice planimetry.
3. List the steps in preparing your derived 3-D images for post-processing and maximal image
quality for interpretation.
SA-69 The Cavum Septi Pellucidi in Utero
2011 SDMS Annual Conference Faculty Objectives
1. List four reasons why the CSP is important to always evaluate on every fetal sonogram.
2. Describe multiple entities where the CSP is absent.
3. Name at least one entity where an absent CSP may be the only sign of a prosencephalic cleavage
disorder.
SA-71 Sonographic Doppler and Doppler of the Liver & Portal Hypertension
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Describe the normal anatomy, anatomic variants of the liver and its vasculature.
Explain the Doppler flow profiles of the hepatic vasculature.
Describe the principles of portal hypertension.
Discuss the role of sonography in the evaluation of variceal pathways
SA-72 New Technology for the Assessment of Myocardial Function
1. List new modalities used for the assessment of myocardial function
2. Explain how new techniques can better assess myocardial function
3. Identify values that may indicate normal and abnormal myocardial function
SA-73 Fetal Growth Restriction
1. List the causes of and risk factors for fetal growth restriction
2. Discuss symmetric & asymmetric growth restriction
3. Discuss the clinical applications of Doppler in FGR
SA-75 Abdominal Doppler: Challenging Cases
1. Lift a variety of common vascular abnormalities.
2. Describe the sonographic Doppler findings and threshold values for diagnosing common
vascular abnormalities.
3. Identify basic concepts for Doppler evaluation of vascular abnormalities
SA-76 Heart Failure 101: Let’s Hear From Both Sides of the Cardiac Cycle!
1. Describe the epidemiology and physiology of heart failure
2. Discuss the differences between systolic and diastolic heart failure
3. List the imaging modalities available to assess heart failure
SA-78 Having Fun with the Interesting Vascular Case
1. Review and strategically dissect a series of normal and abnormal vascular case studies
2. Describe the importance and tole of clinical history and pre-test probability.
SU-79 Sonography of the Acute Scrotum
1. Describe the normal anatomy of the scrotum.
2. Describe proper technique for grey-scale and Doppler examination of the scrotum.
3. List common etiologies for the acute, painful scrotum.
2011 SDMS Annual Conference Faculty Objectives
SU-80 Cardiovascular Hemodynamics and Doppler Principles
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Describe cardiac and overall vascular hemodynamics and flow profiles
Determine what disease states will affect hemodynamics
Apply the Doppler equation using conceptual knowledge
Assess spectral waveform analysis as an output of vascular resistance
Discuss the principles of Nyquist limit, aliasing, and PRF
SU-81 Understanding Uterine Malformations
1. Describe the embryologic mechanisms underlying uterine anomalies.
2. Detail the classification system for uterine anomalies
3. Describe the clinical relevance of distinguishing between the major types of uterine
malformations.
SU-82 Evaluation of the Patient with PAD
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Recognize the short comings of screening exams for PAD.
Describe the importance and role of clinical history and pre-test probability
Recognize and formulate an approach to normal and abnormal findings
Identify the need for exercise by relating patient history and symptoms to initial exam findings
Review and strategically dissect a series of normal and abnormal arterial case studies.
SU-83 Pediatric Neurosonography
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List the images associated with standard protocol for neonatal brain sonography
Identify normal neonatal brain anatomy
Discuss the causes for neonatal brain hemorrhage and ischemia
Identify the sonographic findings for brain hemorrhage and ischemia
Discuss the prognosis for these lesions
SU-84 Is 3-D Echo Relevant? - Interesting Case Studies
1. Describe how advanced 3-D applications are impacting diagnostic accuracy and speed.
2. List current and emerging techniques which include the use of 3-D transesophageal
echocardiography for interventional procedures.
3. Identify specific cardiac anatomical landmarks and pathology quickly from orienting and viewing
3-D image datasets.
SU-85 Screening Tests and Procedures
1. Describe current recommendations for aneuploidy screening in pregnancy
2. Explain prenatal diagnostic techniques available
3. Discuss controversial carrier screening to include single gene and ethnic-based conditions
SU-86 Carotid Sonogram & Non-Atherosclerotic Findings
2011 SDMS Annual Conference Faculty Objectives
1. List various non-atherosclerotic findings that may be encountered during carotid scan.
2. Describe the implications/potential complications of non-atherosclerotic findings
SU-87 Sonographic Evaluation of the Parathyroid Glands
1. Describe the anatomy and physiology of the parathyroid glands and it’s relationship to the
thyroid gland
2. Demonstrate knowledge of proper scanning technique and tips for identification
3. Identify common pathologies and challenging sonographic appearances of the parathyroid
glands.
SU-88 Stress Imaging: Taking the Stress out of Stress Echo!
1. Describe stress testing in echocardiography
2. Outline definitions for interpretation
3. Discuss protocols for imaging acquisition
SU-89 3-D Sonography of the Uterus
1. Describe the technique for acquiring volumes of the uterus
2. Detail the clinical applications and advantages of 3-D sonography of the uterus compared with
conventional 2-D sonography
3. Describe the technique and advantages of 3-D sonohysterography
SU-90 Evaluation of Aortic Endografts
1. Describe the benefits/complications associated with endovascular repair of AAA.
2. List the different types of endoleak.
3. Describe pitfall & limitations of sonography in this setting
SU-91 Teamwork: A Journey from Seattle to South Africa
1. List the pros and cons of not working together as a team
2. Discuss the methods of teamwork as demonstrated by The World Famous Pike Place Fish
Market
3. List the impact that one has on the team
SU-93 Sonographic Evaluation of Non-Gynecologic Causes of Pelvic Pain
1. Review the sonographic findings of common GI conditions such as appendicitis, diverticulitis,
pelvic abscess and bowel obstruction.
2. Describe the sonographic findings associated with renal colic.
3. Discuss how to evaluate for and diagnose urethral diverticula.
4. Discuss the sonographic appearance of pelvic congestion syndrome.