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Fundamentals of Safety:
How to Conduct a Risk
Assessment
Objectives of the Presentation:
• Background to the Work Health and Safety Act and
Regulations
• Introduce the concept of Risk Management relates to
the WHS Legislation
• Discuss why a risk assessment is necessary
• What are the Basic principals of a risk assessment
• Outline of a practical risk assessment process
Legislative Framework
What are my legal obligations as a
PCBU?
WHS (NUL) Act 2011
• Management of Risks -Section17
• Reasonably Practicable – Section18
• Primary Duty of Care – Section19
• Duty to Consult Duty Holders and Workers – Section
46, 47
WHS (NUL) Regulations
• Part 3.1 Regulations 34-38
Section 17 - Management of Risks
• A duty imposed on a person to ensure health and
safety requires the person:
(a) to eliminate risks to health and safety, so far as
is reasonably practicable; and
(b) if it is not reasonably practicable to eliminate
risks to health and safety, to minimise those risks
so far as is reasonably practicable.
Section 18 - What is Reasonably
Practicable
Likelihood and
Degree and
Knowledge and
Availability and
After assessing all the above then the Cost
Primary Duty of Care – Section 19
Safe System of Work
Health of Workers & conditions are monitored Plant Substances and Structures
PCBU
Information, Training and Instruction Work Environment
Welfare FACILITIES When Consultation is required?
Identify Hazard & Asses Risk
decisions about managing risks
proposing changes When to Consult
making decisions about procedures making decisions facilities Managing Risks to Health and
Safety – Part 3.1
• Duty to Identify Hazards – Regulation 34
• Managing Risks to Health and Safety – Regulation
35
• Hierarchy of Control Measures – Regulation 36
• Maintenance of Control Measures - Regulation 37
• Review of Control Measures – Regulation 38
Key Terms
Hazard: a situation or thing that has the potential to harm a person. Hazards at work may include: noisy machinery, a moving forklift, chemicals, electricity, working at heights, a repetitive job, bullying and violence at the workplace
Risk: the possibility that harm (death, injury or illness) might occur when exposed to a hazard
When is a Risk Assessment
Necessary?
•
•
•
•
•
There is uncertainty about how a hazard may result in injury or
illness
The work activity involves a number of different hazards and there is
a lack of understanding about how the hazards may interact with
each other to produce new or greater risks.
Changes at the workplace occur that may impact on the
effectiveness of control measures
After an incident
Mandatory: confined space, diving, and live electrical work
Risk Management Process
Source: Code of Practice How to Manage Work Health and Safety Risks
Risk Management Process
Source: AS/NZS 4360:2004
Step 1.
Identify the Hazards
Inspect the workplace
Consultation
Review available information
Workplace Hazards
Step 2.
Assess The Risk
Risk = Likelihood x Consequence
Risk Matrix
Step 2. Assess the Risks:
Risk Matrix Rating; Use this table to determine a risk rating:
What is the worst possible consequence of this hazard?
What is the likelihood of this occurring?
Step 3.
Control the Risk
Aim to eliminate the hazard
If not reasonably practicable
Minimise the risk
The Hierarchy of Control Measures
Source: Code of Practice How to Manage WHS Risks
Examples
Eliminate
Substitute
Isolate
Engineer
Administrative
PPE
Consider:
– Availability?
– Suitability?
– Further hazards?
– Cost?
Step 4.
Review Control Measures
• Continual improvement
• When a control measure is not effective for
controlling the risks i.e. an incident has occurred
• HSR requests it
• If a new hazard or risk is identified
• Consultation indicates that it is necessary
Record Keeping
•
•
•
•
•
Demonstrate potential compliance
Demonstrate how decision were made
Aids in the reviewing and monitoring process
Basis for safe work procedures
Detail and extent of your records will vary on the
size and nature of the business
Conducting a Risk Assessment
“What’s wrong with this picture” images are copyright WorkSafeBC and used with permission.”
“What’s wrong with this picture” images are copyright WorkSafeBC and used with permission.”
“What’s wrong with this picture” images are copyright WorkSafeBC and used with permission.”
“What’s wrong with this picture” images are copyright WorkSafeBC and used with permission.”
“What’s wrong with this picture” images are copyright WorkSafeBC and used with permission.”
“What’s wrong with this picture” images are copyright WorkSafeBC and used with permission.”
“What’s wrong with this picture” images are copyright WorkSafeBC and used with permission.”
“What’s wrong with this picture” images are copyright WorkSafeBC and used with permission.”
“What’s wrong with this picture” images are copyright WorkSafeBC and used with permission.”
Assessing the Risks:
Risk Matrix Rating; Use this table to determine a risk rating:
What is the worst possible consequence of this hazard?
What is the likelihood of this occurring?
“What’s wrong with this picture” images are copyright WorkSafeBC and used with permission.”
“What’s wrong with this picture” images are copyright WorkSafeBC and used with permission.”
“What’s wrong with this picture” images are copyright WorkSafeBC and used with permission.”
“What’s wrong with this picture” images are copyright WorkSafeBC and used with permission.”
“What’s wrong with this picture” images are copyright WorkSafeBC and used with permission.”
“What’s wrong with this picture” images are copyright WorkSafeBC and used with permission.”
“What’s wrong with this picture” images are copyright WorkSafeBC and used with permission.”
“What’s wrong with this picture” images are copyright WorkSafeBC and used with permission.”
“What’s wrong with this picture” images are copyright WorkSafeBC and used with permission.”
“What’s wrong with this picture” images are copyright WorkSafeBC and used with permission.”
“What’s wrong with this picture” images are copyright WorkSafeBC and used with permission.”
Assessing the Risks:
Risk Matrix Rating; Use this table to determine a risk rating:
What is the worst possible consequence of this hazard?
What is the likelihood of this occurring?
“What’s wrong with this picture” images are copyright WorkSafeBC and used with permission.”
“What’s wrong with this picture” images are copyright WorkSafeBC and used with permission.”
“What’s wrong with this picture” images are copyright WorkSafeBC and used with permission.”
“What’s wrong with this picture” images are copyright WorkSafeBC and used with permission.”
“What’s wrong with this picture” images are copyright WorkSafeBC and used with permission.”
“What’s wrong with this picture” images are copyright WorkSafeBC and used with permission.”
“What’s wrong with this picture” images are copyright WorkSafeBC and used with permission.”
“What’s wrong with this picture” images are copyright WorkSafeBC and used with permission.”
Assessing the Risks:
Risk Matrix Rating; Use this table to determine a risk rating:
What is the worst possible consequence of this hazard?
What is the likelihood of this occurring?
What Next?
• Risk Control Action Plan
– Most important things first
– What controls exist vs. what further controls
are required
– Who is responsible for what actions
– Date actions are to be completed by
• Develop work procedures
• Training
TOOL FOR DOCUMENTING Hazards, Risks and Control Measures
* Area covered in the assessment:_____________________
*Date of Assessment: ____________________________
* People consulted: ___________________________________________________________________________________
* Risk assessment method used:________________________________________________________________________
*Attach separate sheet(s) to provide reasons
No.
Hazards Identified
Is there any risk?
(Describe the situation (Is there any likelihood of injury which could possibly illness or disease occurring?)
give rise to injury, illness or disease)
Yes
No
List any risk control measures already implemented to address the hazard
Where there is a risk, describe the proposed risk control measures
Are the risk control measures practicable?
Yes
No
*
Date for Responsibl
the e person
implement
ation of practicable risk control measures
Risk Register
Location…...................
Date……………………….
Hazard
What is the
harm that
the hazard
could
cause?
What is the
likelihood
that the harm
would occur?
What is the
level of risk?
How effective
are the
current
controls?
What further
controls are
required
?
How will the controls be
implemented?
Further Information
• NTWorkSafe
[email protected]
• SafeWork Australia
http://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/sites/SWA
Seminar Sessions sponsored by:
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Panel discussion: Workplace Safety: culture, common sense &
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Cathy Spurr, Director, Halfpennys Lawyers
Greg McLoughlin, Director, Health by Design
Mick Cartright, HSE Specialist, Power Water
Brendan Quirke, Director of Education & Training, St John Ambulance Australia
Keeping People’s Mind on the job
Cristian Sylvestre, Managing Director, SafeStart
Personal Health & Safety
Greg McLoughlin, Director, Health by Design
Heat and Hydration
Dr Matt Brearley, Occupational Physiologist/Director, Thermal Hyperformance
Other key topics – fatigue, working at height, PPE, trips and falls, drugs and
alcohol in the workplace, electrical safety, manual handling, risk assessment plus
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More speakers to be confirmed soon!
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