1. sports
2. boat racing

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MECHANICS
FOR
AMERICA
YOUNG
How
BOATS,
MOTORS,
WATER
ELECTRIC
WIND
BURGLAR
BICYCLE,
MILLS,
ICE
ALARM,
CABINS,
TACKLE,
STREET
The
Build
to
SEARCHLIGHT,
BOAT,
CAMPS,
CLOCKS,
KITES,
IMITATION
CAR
Directionsare
LINE,
Reprinted from Fopular Mechanics
POPULAR
1905
MECHANICS
CHICAGO
PRICE
25
aiitfH!H"iH"inm"niimiif"innimini""innimiinininiimHH^
ING
FISH-
ETC,
Plain and
COPYRIGHT
WATER
CENTS
Complete
o
,907
Entry
jyrlght
CONTENTS
co
Yard
(o
Make
a
Paper
Boat
5
How
to
Rid
Mow
to
Make
a
Barrel
Boal
7
How
to
Make
an
How
to
Make
a
Wheel
8
To
a
Gaslight
How
to
Make
Your
9
Things
How
Water
and
Camps
Temporary
Tackle.
Fishing
Own
How
12
Them
14
Them
How
Build
to
Imitation
an
Line
How
Make
to
How
Make
to
How
Novel
A
Mechanical
Make
How
an
Alarm
and
Ventriloquist
How
Make
Renewing
How
How
Lettering
How
a
Make
to
of
Windmill
a
One
Make
to
How
Them
How
a
Rabbits,
Do
to
Make
23
How
to
See
25
How
26
How
to
Remove
26
How
to
Make
a
Turbine
26
How
to
Make
a
Lead
27
How
29
How
34
How
to
Make
Fishing
Ornamental
Work.
Iron
Guards
Metal
Ornamental
and
Kinds
Jug
"
for
Propelling
How
to
Make
a
How
to
Make
a
How
to
Make
Paper
How
to
Make
Open
and
Slides
How
to
How
and
Made
of
Water
How
to
Sports
to
Machine
Sewing
Stains
Make
65
Lathe
Wood-Turning
a
Old
66
Marble.
from
67
...
Engine
68
Cannon
70
Wireless
a
Telegraph
Toy
a
Lift
Motor
Battery
Weight
10-lb.
a
Renew
Old
72
Batteries
Dry
Weatherproofing
for
72
Tents
72
Electric
How
to
Make
an
How
to
Make
a
Simple
How
to
Make
a
Bell
Furnace
ulator
Reg-
Chair
Sleighs,
Rubber
a
How
45
Novel
Make
Auto
a
Pair
of
How
Made.
.
.
...
.
75
Fifty
Very
Simple
Coils
for
76
Cents.
...
Turbine.
78
.
Sending
Build
Touching
by
.
less
Wire-
a
Sailomobile
How
to
Make
a
Novel
50
Use
52
To
Make
an
54
Row
55
I fow
Motor
to
a
Build
Boy
Railroad
82
83
Clock
Piano
Electric
a
83
Telegraph
84
Instrument
84
Buzzer
and
.
82
Make
to
Alarm.
82
Old
an
Burglar
81
Experiment
Electric
for
80
Merry-Go-Round
X-Ray
a
79
80
Make
Build
Jet.
Motor
to
To
Gas
a
Engine
Electric
an
Electric
Simple
55
Dumb-Bells
for
How
54
"
75
Frame
79
Bell
a
to
How
Candlestick
74
Messages
44
for
Carrier
a
Small
Another
Stamps
Baggage
of
Alarm
Tent
Camera
Make
to
Power
Fire
Bicycle
a
Practical
Ringing
Toboggan
Skis
Make
73
44
47
Them
Use
Boy's Hand-Power
How
65
Hand
71
A
45
"
Bicycles
A
64
Turbine
Steam
Your
Through
Make
to
43
Parts
Make
to
Vehicle
Ornaments
Winter
Sleds,
toasting
63
Miniature
a
an
to
How
Balloons
and
for
Make
of
39
places
Fire-
Hectograph
a
Bicycle
Old
63
Exterminator
Make
to
Enameling
...
Telescope
Water
Articles
Devices
a
Rat
36
41
Useful
Popular
to
Rats
Searchlight
Small
Many
of
62
Mechanics
34
Make
to
Kites
Trap
a
60
Alarm
Hammock
How
Two
or
Mice
and
Balloon.
Burglar
for
22
To
Horsepower
How
Make
59
........
Captive
a
Simple
a
Electric
32
for
Old
of
Propeller
from
20
31
Dial
Clock
Out
System
Materials
Up-to-Date
a
How
from
Clocks
"Antique"'
Make
to
.
Motors
Water
Make
Wind
Binder
a
Out
Batteries
Dry
to
Cabinet
Boot-Blacking
a
Make
*9
to
It
to
57
.
...
Boat
Ice
Burglar
A
Windmill.
Miniature
a
Build
to
Bicycle
Water
a
Make
to
56
Matches.
Without
58
Make
to
To
Car
Street
to
How
56
Cats
Parts
Make
Photographing
Build
to
How
and
Camps
Permanent
How
of
Kasel
Can
Boy
a
Bicycle
Build
to
Light
Your
a
Model
Built
a
Yacht
Complete
86
Miniature
88
MECHANICS
in
Rowing
How
Zf is
L-igHt
Without
and
a
Boats
are
successful
boat,
under
expensive
to
buy,
is
fishing
and
Boat
they
Boat
Paper
Carried
About."A
obtain
of
conditions.
many
Paper
a
a
Be
Easily
Can
impossible
nearly
Make
to
AMERICA
YOUNG
FOR
a
it
is
still
and
bend
the
boat.
if
you
difficult
more
it in the
If you
for
advise
it
is
you
will
and
for
better
Indian's
will
fishing
it
and
gun
at
the
in
your
such
of
how
a
to
Make
heavy
So
boat
that
It
is
bunglesome
not
have
a
your
own
why
to
suited
inexpensive,
is difficult
for
an
by
perfectly
making
amateur
needs
it
stretch
to
tial.
insubstan-
a
and
feet
one
yourself.
boat-maker
to
keel,
about
inches
6
an
long
a
third
of
inch
is
and
its
go
your
total
$6.17.
cost
Here
is
boat:
(Fig. 1)
on
which
A
board
thick
and
say
a
kind
of
tapering
for
paper.
backbone,
or
paper
to
carry
The
a
your
place
want
you
hand.
on
from
time
frame
a
the
wide,
foot
ful
success-
it
is
you
ing
fish-
and
boat
your
boat
ideal
an
when
carry
make
to
Not
as
same
have
canoe.
wherever
place
to
boat.
will
hunting
and
in
poses
pur-
equal
but
put
can
you
shoulders
it
wooden
serve
combine
find
some
you
bark
boat,
to
want
the
completed
probably
canoe,
only
often
than
it is
absurd
boat, but
paper
respects
When
the
a
and
of paper?
it
not, and
some
a
boat
serviceable
it out
making
for
ities
facil-
the
think
might
you
to
tained,
ob-
it off
shape
wooden
make
hull
is
not
light,
a
not
the
cut
proper
a
want,
Now
and
Boat
to
have
making
boat, why
and
Sail
of lumber
for
right kind
after
the
lumber
boat, and
the
row
are
Barrel
taken
is
as
cut
length,
toward
about
11
each
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
Fig.
(A,
Fig. 2)
sawed
from
a
thick.
Shape
these
as
cut
in
away
weight.
the
Fasten
long Stout
in
screws,
shown
avoid
so
by
Figs.
tom-board
bot-
the
and
2. with
divide
to
as
1
long,
useless
to
cross-wise
shown
as
to
center
them
plank
pine
by 26 inches
wide
J!.
(B,
next
arc
edges
outer
cross-boards
Fig. 4, 13 inches
and
the
on
The
2).
inch
one
A,
beveled
and
end,
the
keel
three
into
add
Then
the
nearly equal parts.
and
stern
pieces (('. (', Fig. 2). These
of green
made
better, probably, when
stem
are
elm.
the
Screw
and
bend
of
means
nail
driven
light
that
wood
bended
will
because
been
at
length, 1%
the
the
to
shown
gunwales
the
instead
next
are
loosen
place,
12
feet
inch
in, but
put
copper
of
use
nails
The
slender
long,
before
doing
is
ing
fasten-
out.
similar
little
this,
two
and
bark
They
fresh.
off
ash
with
even
at
placed
five
or
in
the
Fig.
of
intervals
parts
six inches
(b,
In
or
The
as
order
will
to
appear
inches,
having
ribs
are
the
among
the
about
is
for
used
the
best
trees,
such
nearly
as
are
required.
get
these
and
so,
or
is
make
side
by
side
one
often
ends
the
near
six
or
quite
dle
mid-
long
feet
difficult
and
bottom-board,
gunwales,
to
drying, the rattan
and
the twigs hard
the
before
as
scribed.
de-
becomes
In
tight and
it
throughout,
two
be
twigs may
cases,
rib, fastening the butts
the
to
ribs
thickness
the
on
ribs
five
twigs
such
in
to
and
interweave
Osiers
probably
other
twigs of some
birch, will answer
the
For
sufficient
of
used
smaller
hazel
It
pliable,
frame.
ribs, but
boat,
for
water
and
it
places, winding
work
an
irregular net-
forming
as
or
chair-
gunwales
also
other
whole
well.
the
of
the
and
in
and
the
it in
it soft
as
cane
making
soaking
render
ribs
them
make
as
join,
over
split
some
to
His
on
position,
changing
do, buy
tightly around
it
they
frame-work
The
ready
to
and
be
all
If
very
stiff.
and
in
be
about
the
as
off
to
it for
the
roll to
a
few
strong
very
smooth
on
wrappingthe
neither
but
made
and
buy
purpose
face,
sur-
stiff
nor
long rolls, it can
almost
length desired.
any
quire
one
yard wide, it will re-
two
in
frame
this
be
Being
paper
complete
now
For
tough,
very
obtained
the
loose
somewhat
should
thick.
very
of
yards
It
paper.
is
covered.
be
18
about
as
withdrawn
all firm
time
where
are
much
as
described,
make
ribs
three
are
b, Fig. 3)
framework
1.
the
they
wind
from
to
and, after
short
Boat
Hunting
and
awl,
an
two
apart.
in place
ash
strips of
with
cross-boards
the
fastened
holes
through
driven
them
such
bottoms,
a
ribs
apt
are
by
bottom
the
until
down
they touch
(b, b, Fig. 3), and finally cut
and
the tops of the gunwales,
them
to receive
end
(B, Fig.
other
in
while
and
the
at
Between
4).
nails
in
the
to
attached
are
bent
notched
been
put
made
then
are
strips of
ness
thick-
be
shingle
of
means
previously
in
half-inch
a
cut, stripped of leaves
and
in place while
green
should
and
and
than
more
they
Paper
a
"While
the
prevent
material,
be bent
(b, b. Fig. 3) should
strips of wood
and
placed as in Fig. 3. They are used only
in
putting in the
guide
as
a
temporarily
the elasticity of
fastened,
not
ribs, and are
them
to
the
wood
being sufficient to cause
osiers
age
averretain
their position. The
may
a
Carrying"
Shoulders
rattan,
wire
the
or
willow,
osier
to
several
or
come
Boy
thick.
cross-boards
and
in
fasten
wire
easily made
are
of
switches
Fig. 3),
other
because
screws,
to
which
libs,
the
siderable
con-
it has
a.
and
iron
to
of
apt
not
are
a
Fig. 3. Copper
For
apt to rust.
in
less
because
nails
(a,
cross-boards
annealed
of
as
better
to
(C, C,) in notches, by
end-pieces
wrappings
when
which
factory, or
of ash, about
%
wide, and
inches
them
wire,
retain,
into
a
tough.
preferable
carriage
a
light strips
Nail
is
by
to
broken
wood
drying it will
extent, the shape
bent.
For
gunwales
2,
Any
easily
Green
on
procure
some
bottom.
not
is
do.
Fig.
fastened
wire,
or
the
into
bottom-board
in
shown
as
string
a
the
to
pieces
them,
in
breadths
to
widest
part.
the
cover
minutes
the
frame
in
water.
reach
and
around
Cut
enough
then
Then
soak
turn
POPULAR
the
of
MECHANICS.
frame
the
them
and
fasten
the edges
upside down
to it, by
strips of paper
lapping
the
of
under
side
the
carefully on
two
bottom-board
that
sides.
them
and
the
tacking
hangs down
paper
The
to
on
oil-cloth
over
the
in
boards,
tacking
is done
to protect
is tllen
paper
doubled
outside
strips
strong gunwale.
so
trimmed,
lapped
smoothly as possible at
in place by
the ends
held
of the frame, and
of small
It should
be drawn
means
clamps.
and
doubled
tight along the edges, trimmed
down
where
it is firmly
the
over
gunwale,
held by slipping the strips of ash
(b, b) just
and
of
and
one
all
it
loosely
inside
into
as
Now
is
it to the
if it has
that
it
is
remedy
of
have
This
the
a
boat.
that
canoe
and
If
however,
not,
in
a
be
disappointed to find
Then
leaky.
the
best
becoming
is to
cross-
steady in the
properly constructed
been
good material.
few
days you
may
piece
a
the
bottom-board.
bottom
may
of
together
put
between
already
water-tight,
you
perfectly
water,
Then
boat
the
bound
are
the
cover
whole
boat
with
bleached
un-
at the
muslin, sewed
ends
and
tacked
the
along
gunwales.
Then
tighten it by shrinking and
finallygive it at least three coats of
mixture
a
will
of
varnish
doubtless
and
the
will
add
or
cost.
weight
Rig the boat
iron, and
several
paint. This
tirely
leaking en-
little to either
but
with
wooden
thwarts
extra
cross-sticks,
or
and
make
a
aft, and
this
(A, Fig. 5). With
seat
iron
or
(B, B, Fig. 5), preferably
You
light oars.
put in
may
rowlocks
fore
and
stop the
doubtless
find
that
movable
boat
your
factory
satis-
so
will make
you
will
you
no
more
changes.
For
the
carrying
to make
boat
it
of
sort
a
is
venient
con-
short
yoke
(C, Fig. 5), which
the
all
brings
the shoulders, and
thus
weight upon
the
lightens
inside
been
cut
The
boards.
cross-
will
the
very
notches
the
at
shrinkage
which
ends
caused
of
the
by
the
tightly over
When
nish
thoroughly dry, varvarnish
out with
asphaltum
stretch
framework.
inside
into
gunwales
have
drying
the
the
of
should
and
paper
that
as
turpentine, and as soon
coat
of the
in, apply a second
same
varnish, but with less turpentine; and
the laps or joints of the paper
finally cover
thinned
with
soaked
has
piecas
with
muslin
of
Now
varnish.
thinned
stuck
on
the
remove
and
with
loose
layer of
another
on
the
times
until
surface.
rattan
around
it
paper
and,
both
after
take
and
the
boat
smooth
of
it, wind
holes
small
below
a
some
wetting
gunwales
through
just
presents
its
Then
the
of
outside
whole
eral
sev-
ing
shin-
the
split
it firmly
Nails,
are
used
in
follows:
as
$1.90
qts
yds
yds
screws,
1.20
72
60
50
25
50
25
25
wire,
etc
that
you
*.
$6.17
be
It may
these
many
of
thus
lessen
known
for
the
plank
a
stern
needs
sail.
of
a
young
sails.
to be
is
the
devices
in
barrel
one
day, and
bought is the
of
easily
very
best
person
The
the
Fig. 6 shows
barrel,
a
SAILING.
boat
one
It consists
boat.
and
it is
together in
put
part that
FOR
barrel
instruct
managing
be
can
BOAT
and
to
of
art
position to get
for
nothing and
cost.
BARREL
constructed
in
are
materials
the
sailing the
For
the
until
materials
canoe
Total
strip, passing
in the
punched
gunwale,
of
cost
Bottom-board
Gunwales
Cross-boards
Paint
rattan
Split
barrel
inside
it
makes
5
18
8
paper,
varnish
and
carry.
of the
construction
Varnish,
Paper,
Cloth,
un-
put
strips of
fastening it along the edge of the
boab"by replacing the strips as before. When
muslin
the laps with
is dry, cover
the paper
Then
first covering.
the
with
done
as
was
ash
The
the
labor
to
handy
approximate
Pig. 6.
a
bow
the
boat
the
only
material
hull
of
barrel
the
and
joined together by one
strong
extends
simple outrigger which
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
8
the
from
plank.
be
In
present
m"t
may
difficult to push
are,
shown
.-is
the
completed
an
angle.
between
9.
each
Roth
barrel
that
bo
shown
as
be
plank
barrel
The
of
the
over
steering
the
oar.
will
completed,
large air-tight compartments
boat, when
barrel
consist
fastened
be
can
hold
to
two
at
by placing
angular
plank a tri-
the
such
must
the
to
rowlock
iron
an
stern
water, they
depicting
made
is
and
brace,
barrels
painted
and
fastened
angle
shaped
or
would
illustration
the
boat,
The
which
the
through
in
barrels
tli.it the
order
flat front,
a
in Fig.
with
covered
they will
tar
absolutely
be
water-tight.
outrigger (Fig. 7),
The
is
small
a
seow-
in
Sailing
Hence
Barrel
it
spread
of
more
foot
affair, about
wide.
2%
feet
An
ordinary oar
for steering.
notched
A
used
TO
HOW
MAKE
1
paddle
is
or
stick
WATER
A
long and
(Fig. 8)
is
waves
smooth,
in
sewing
WHEEL.
Considerable
an
overshot
1.
This
cut
be
Ban
sections
in
to form
as
erected
the
-r-53
The
properly.
in
inches
24
about
by the
indicated
as
circle
of
shown
be
lines,
that
wheel
diameter
in
made
the
outward
with
in
a
This
barrel
ably
favor-
the
ordinary
This
paddles
The
the
on
of
piece
power
to
the
power
is
S.
the
an
wheel
is
derflow
uncan
other, only
wood
and
wheel
the
here
by
the
to
of
are
shown.
as
driven
type
and
wheel
water
is
similar
lines
bearing
from
of
current.
on
"
"
large
compares
with
fans, fret-saws,
form
Fig. 2.
of
wood
over.
a
boat.
Another
Fig.
in
as
blocks
with
is made
with
developed
be
can
wheel
water
wheel
out
so
power
boat
speed
of
machines,
like.
tip
the
stiff breeze
a
because
to
quite
carry
barrel
the
point
sail
small
In
sail.
but
shaped
to
and
difficult
very
than
seaworthy
rapid, because
rels,
slap against the ends of the barin
when
the
water
a
light breeze
is
Boat
safe
is
boat
the
of
Bigging
is
out-rigger
the
of
Boat
Barrel
a
unsinkable,
is, therefore,
and
extend
is supported
A
the
belt
T
wheel
carried
municates
com-
V
to
any
a
belt
and
sired
de-
point.
""""
To
safely
find
horsepower
the
driving pulley
minute, and
per
tin
some
wheel
a
on
for
the
driving
water
is
fall O, where
by
the
four
power
volume
the
and
be
a
water
a
power
ordinarily
horsepower
can
in
used
for
the
center
illustrated
affair
sluice
dippers
equal
two
and
N
to
struck
are
to
two
generated.
running
-""
a
or
to
This
three
by
the
can
of the
revolutions
of the belt in
by the width
Divide
the
inches.
resulting product
by
3,300 for single belting, or 2,100 for double
belting.
A
and
to
runs
rope
inches
in
out
P
wheel
manner
carried
the
This
Get
around
wheel
wood
R.
the
in
frame
wooden
grooved
2
wide.
them
the
Bore
the
inches
attach
and
shown.
put
rope
10
about
and
cans
as
and
Fig.
1
Fig
results
good
which
multiply the diameter
transmit,
solved
the
porous
plates
*
""
inventor
Hungarian
smoke
or
claims
to
difficulty by
bricks
made
of
have
employing
a
tion
composi-
fuel
and
of different
containing lime
of combustibility
behind
degrees
arranged
or
between
nace.
portions of the fuel in a furThese
purifying
serve
filters
for
as
the
desulphurizing
furnace
gases.
or
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
MECHANICS
Hurrah!
fish
in
tackle,
So
get
out
your
ho
for
the
lakes
year
don't
parents'
money
for
it
Make
and
prouder
of
it
prouder
of
you,
all the
If
by
all
This
the
at
it.
make
and
will
feel
board
engage
in
with
2-inch
a
envy
floating
big
a
on
under
hole
for
out
"jumping-jack"
the
built
be
can
of
bit
a
figure
can
instance,
For
himself.
with
boy
any
ingenuity
mechanical
folks
the
summer
which
alterations
fisherman
be
winter
easily be applied to
slight
fishing, with
very
may
the
juinp-
^
The
from
distance
a
hook,
line
some
should
you
fishing semaphore.
a
the
on
spring
and
feel
time,
same
have
means
is
ing
fish-
will
will
you
instantly shows
fish
a
old
to fish and
want
sport
that
around.
boys
you
other
fishing
you
and
the
and
than
of
spend so much
fishing nalia.
parapher-
yourself
of
methods
described
were
chanics
better
boys, and
This
streams.
of
they
Tackle
Fishing
April the
In
taste
month.
other
any
your
and
Own
Your
fishing time.
it is
better
bite
Make
To
How
AMERICA
YOUNG
FOR
and
be
when
boy
any
baited
can
and
set,
to
give his attention
other
occasional
an
only
things, with
at
the
glance
the
signal. To make
phore
sematake
about
12 inches
piece of board
a
and
the
fisher
square
and
cannot
be
size
can
inches
2
thick.
obtained,
of
out
may
small
build
stuff.
If
a
a
block
single piece.
hole
a
in
the
as
center
inch
one
diameter
in
and
in
this
The
drive
12
scantling 2 inches
square,
inches
lower
at the
long and
pointed
Now
take
2 inches
a
piece of wood
and
5 inches
semaphore
long for the
a
round
of
two
cut.
Bore
the
a
corners,
small
hole
and
fasten
through,
just
the
on
easier, than
easily, if not
"tip-up" is also of great amusement
ice.
shown
as
15
or
and
spring
end.
the
from
board
to
the
head
scantling
a
so
the
on
thin
is
when
it
raises
to
indicate
of
and
down,
should
not
signal.
the
fishing
it will
D
there.
red,
In
or
the
the
made
to
the
a
sprung"
fish
a
it
the
throw
white, or
January
is
them
by
in
may
bear
the
issue
of
takes
to
up
a
will
C
lie
word
it
to
boats
feet
The
on
is
(Fig.
with
up
2).
is
the
long,
to
prevent
to
keep
it
It
The
and
masts
the
part of
be
should
This
boat
the
of
made
cloth
important
rudder.
craft
way'and
a
most
The
at
notes
he
long.
end
one
of
couple
of
one
be
can
large
a
any
when
2%
plank, say
a
piece
be sharpened
should
board
rigged
operate
can
have
he
row
ever
how-
purpose,
boy
if
can
The
hung.
is
the
one
immediately
boats
small
fish
he
which
trolled by toy
very
lee
making
from
its
changing
from
course.
Drive
couple
of
nails
in the
stern
of the
boat,
to
the
a
attach
and
fish
spring
up.
against
nail
signal
semaphore
to
It
the
the
and
the
it
when
when
small
a
fasten
at
semaphore
is, when
is
caught.
spring rests
tightly
too
C
flat
that
When
line.
The
At
nail.
strip or
the
semaphore
press
drive
position
it
for
be
iron, bent
supports
At
hook
rest
this
of
outside
the
a
pivot
support
to
as
end
of
fleet
whole
the
or
irresistible
an
hook
serve
and
from
should
as
sheet
place
free
serve
board
boats
These
a
rudely made,
boat
inch
by
logs
two
have
of
strip of
top,
to
The
semaphore.
turn
easily
one-half
protrude
a
in
erected
be
can
between
on
the
round
nail at
scantling by driving a small
another
nail at B, leaving
(Fig. 1). Drive
nail
bait
the
A
the
"tip-up"
for
hankering
2y2 inches
pass
and
pickerel
and
Bass
the
boats.
end
tapered
to
timbers.
heavy
and
line
summer,
the
aranging
wide
in
Semaphore
Fishing
The
"
the
for
in^-jack
Bore
1.
Fig.
this
of
the
tie
zontal
hori-
^JlTi.
spoon
"Fish."
Popular
Me-
fish
Fig. 2.
Toy
Fishing
Boat
which
lines,
with
hooked
hold
painted
the
or
live
bait.
The
small
boat
does
not
fish
the
stare
as
bait
the
and
large
one
along
by
a
pulled
does,
is
it
of
to
members
attractive
wonderfully
trolled
finny tribe, especially when
fore
be-
Hie
the
it
is not
fishing tackle
is very
for
NICS.
the
in
up
the
yourself.
it
tin
the
punch
the
spool
the
long
shape
of
rod
-s:
"yxs^:
or
s*?ss7Vosr
r7#s?-
exact
curve
BE3HE
*w
jararKO
J*"/7yo?y
*7"7/vr
or
Ave*?-
with
bent
be
bent
and
wire
Method
3."
Fig.
of Making
To
make
trout
first secure
rod
a
a
long,
be
found
straight, elastic pole, such
can
as
in
wood.
Then
some
secure
nearly any
File
off
small
a
pins and
piece of wire.
of the
heads
the
of
shape
rod
the
on
and
bend
them
in
the
and
drive
them
in
the
pins
U
letter
side
same
at
snugly.
with
strong
rod
fish
hook,
cats
have
a
and
A
pins.
Fish
hooks
The
claw
have
is
hooks
are
better
to
piece of
a
of
None
fiber.
vegetable
to
the
barb.
claws.
birds'
of
made
been
bound
and
point
a
for
point
steeJ
strong
to
filed
the
above
filed
notch
a
the
fits
Bod
Trout
a
can
and
perch
good
though
many
been
caught
the
it takes
make
to
Ham
crank.
a
volves
re-
end
until
the
to
is difficult
It
twine.
rod
firmly
it
bind
Then
the
of
wires
thai
the
over
in
hole
a
the
of
bend
See
the
in
wire
the
mer
bent
are
then
holes.
freely, and
of
pieces
ends
the
the
for
rests
as
side
shape,
proper
insert
and
accessible,
manufacture
to
easy
serve
the
After
tree.
each
to
pieces,
side
axle
through
wind.
If proper
E C II A
M
POPULAR
10
shell
by
home-made
these
it
and
satisfactory, however,
a
good
supply
carry
with
is
you.
intervals,
regular
the butt
about
2y2 feet from
the
pins just far
pole. Drive
line to pass
the
in to permit
freely
enough
the
the
a
under
tip bend
loop. To make
of
circular
a
piece of
loop in the center
beginning
end
wire
at
the
of
and
the
of
knot
(Fig. 3).
If
make
better
the
wire
wire
more
rod,
shown
as
in
its proper
to
large wooden
A
thick
reel,
will
wire
3
inches
strong,
wraxed
lengthwise
illustration
the
on
Fig.
each
loop
Inside
tin
make
through
the
and
can
A
an
the
Live
1
spool and
minnows
fish, and
to
One
net.
made
of
band
hat
at
the
as
in
it
at
end
one
From
shape
parts
cut
can
shown
are
three
and
tin
a
that
tightly so
left
inches
a
piece
in
Fig. 4.
on
each
side
protrudes
at
the
of
tin
Two
to
place
to
carry
of
bar,
or
preferably
two
ends
and
of
the
other
of
ball
a
of
be
from
made
twine.
them
sieves
often
a
strong mosquito
the
until
bottom,
nets.
be
may
fork
can
de
floats
Old
minnow
piece
If
the
at
is
ends
with
(Fig. 5).
net
a
the
bar.
wire
of
need
nets
to
provided
sinkers
bind
and
minnow
mosquito
ideal
black
kinds
you
sticks
meshed
landing
for
minnows
be
into
bait
other
Bend
ends
the
overlap
tightly together,
Keel
inch
one
of
and
stick
as
wedge
best
illustration
forked
each
the
the
two
may
top edge
the
good
A
Making
good
simplest
piece
transformed
of
a
live
the
net
pieces
and
Method
Net.
many
catch
of
stout
a
and
fastening
by
sired, the
4."
is
are
pickerel
bass,
a
Fig.
Minnow
Simple
hooks.
small
to
5."
(Fig.3).
twist
position.
spool, an old
serve
Then
center.
the
wire
the
ftun
about
ends
is secure,
binding
the
After
around
a
the
bind
thread
Cut
pins.
with
or
wire, it
of
the
the
piece in
loop each
with
end
illustration
plenty
pieces
the
to
the
than
loops
short
into
in
have
you
wire
the
shown
as
will
long,
bind
or
pole,
other.
of
the
protruding
be
bent
up
in
shown
best,
serves
making
if the
sew
has
the
cut
in
all
reels, nets
net
is
be
to
the
mosquito
and
fasten
the
(Fig. 6).
and
other
into
mouth
twine
to
Now,
mosquito
shape
the
the
in
work
tackle.
of
made
bar
Waxed
binding
such
bar.
of
sides
a
of
POPULAR
the
loop described
the
of
Fasten
twine.
the
with
is
in
when
from
in
place,
a
Cut
neck.
forks
made
handy
vertically
pole
suspended
your
connected
net
better
the
hoop
than
higher
the
by
A
stick.
MECHANICS.
of
number
a
single string is reached.
a
the
same
next
little
a
11
with
manner
diminishing
rows,
strings remaining
meet
the
at
drop
one
of
the
A
until
Be
Proceed
careful
old
or
tin
perforated
with
can
by
as
of
pieces
Double
twine
each
with
the
the
piece
loose
double
loop.
take
tion
illustra-
begin
string from
all
way
from
the
around
the
loop, knotting
this
in
lower
next
reached
and
row,
to
commence
narrow
accomplished
little
in the
same
and
four
at
Knot
row.
swims
standing
down.
until
9.
Fig.
hook
How
"
to
the
of
English
recent
absolute
of
of
is
Avaste
The
The
come
from
them,
with
to
side
through,
in
the
double
same
knot
one,
one
the
knot
come
close
knot
off
string
as
before
only changing
until
from
the
the
with
is
row
first
is
ished,
fin-
plan-
wick,
is
will
wiped
of
yield
to
of
more
Navigation
this
was
frozen
now
at
ice
is
the
on
In
year.
from
points
piled
up
40
is ready
or
The
to
thrown
device
burning
light
is
lamps,
from
the
"
great
January
shore
on
til
un-
more.
oil.
""""
late
oil
oil
no
overturned
safety.
the
numerous
absorb
and
pared
pre-
hand.
the
in
dry
be
may
all kinds
said
over
by
with
pierced
perfect
to
the
in
salt
woven
immersed
waste
amount
same
to
close
(Fig. A).
Continue
about
adaptable
even
ening
tightsingle string
the
a
string
Before
row.
tying
a
and
and
it
make
pass
cut
take
here
single
to
after
and
double
the
of
careful
being
others
the
the
clipped line;
a
each
asbestos
lamp
box
of
vice
de-
layer of specially
Running
through
a
is then
The
use.
metal
to
The
lamps.
deposit
a
waste.
cotton
box
Net
Scoop
circular
holes, is then
the
is believed
oil
to
is
which
box,
small
the
by
DEVICE.
invention
a
placed
an
Hook
a
"
"
safety
which
is
on
SAFETY-LAMP
cotton
the
thus
catching
fisherman.
""
which
Minnow
a
ignorant
consists
of Weaving
of
cruelly mangled
you
bottom
Method
Fasten
when
than
fish
a
A
Showing
chance
to
give
"
promiscuously,
better
This
BRITISH
Fig. 7.
the
killed
not
point is
ought
before
baited
is
or
it, and
gether
to-
the
strings a
cutting off one
equidistant points
as
about
much
a
in
thus
niinilOW
the
the
on
a
net
taper
Bucket
of
little
way
strings
until
the
and
Minnow
live
a
inous
cartilag-
has
when
Fig. 8."
knotting
by
pair
a
in
all the
begin
on
or
together
closer
string of
so
and
with
feeling
no
the
point,
shown
the
believe
you
around
as
Now
manner.
where
loop
Arrange
adjoining pair
each
a
minnow
to
way
mouth
long.
the
convenient
a
of them,
simple knot
Continue
(Fig. 7).
diagram
make
is
slip
on
hanging down.
ends
it
shows
9)
The
minnow.
eight feet
and
strings this
Now
a
about
each
Net
minnow
a
hook
a
and
8), will
The
proper
bait
Scoop
top and
nail
a
(Fig.
the
a
let
another
the
(Fig.
for
to
not
of
means
serve
Frame
ones
kind.
same
bucket.
"
of
remaining
directly under
come
the
number
hammer
Fig. 6.
and
next
the
the
bottom.
mesh
bucket
sides
the
the
feet
to
west
deep
lakes
Lake
shore
will
and
even
the
shore
from
open
Michigan
the
pack
bottom.
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
12
For
camping
short
a
the
while
nothing
excursion,
permanent
is
temporary
ever
ready
How
long)
crotched
the
the
the
at
the
side
made
the
above
the
top
the
to
from
branches
shelter
The
side.
but
comfortable,
calculated
A
its
sides
poles
it
to
in the
so
form
ground
there
a
heavy
from
well
rain
sheds
Set
steep.
pyramid
be
kinds
other
are
protect
of
up
green
ever-
and
There
camp,
The
are
but
to
they all have
ridge pole for such
many
a
camp
an
is,,without
that
"
and
desired
as
lean-to; this
is the
lean-to
open
closed
or
be
may
and
part
and
very
ter
betstorms.
rain-
because
three
and
side
long
tie their
build
a
brush.
or
Select
7 feet long and
poles about
ground.
Lay another
pole across
the
in
its ends
these, with
of
bark
crotched
two
set
Camp
either
with
thatched
other
the
other
resting in the
From
poles.
poles
the
to
this
crotches
pole
slant
Push
ground.
the
brush
points.
(about 8 feet
similar
Brush
The
three
ways
shelter
temporary
be
may
ends"
when
brush.
several
rains.
ers
camp-
among
feet
with
Fill the
spaces
open
tops together.
foot
slant
about
one
poles set at the same
at the top
fastened
and
the
at
ground
apart
the outside
closely with
Thatch
before.
as
branches
shelter
a
either
on
will
formed
thus
fallen
boughs
bank
the
to
wigwam
are
boughs
the
of
and
pole
ridge
a
with
poles
heavy
high favor
in
to
wTith
of
means
Such
to
ridgepole
apart.
sides
the
withstand
to
attached
under
the
out
trunk
that
so
removing
by
the
Use
five
still be
will
Hollow
an
about
trunk,
the
butt
treetop
branches.
as
the
stump.
the
of
of
base
falls
this, cut
through
nearly
tree
is the
all perhaps
of
build
To
camp.
by
thatch.
will
camp
at
Camp
for
Indian
thatch
down;
the
down
Another
form
and
bottom
or
carefully
Indian
is
a
feather
weight
simplest
used
be
may
foot
one
depth of about
cedar
boughs, laying them
to
top
hemlock
The
branches
Long
the
form
Begin
The
trees
6
poles set
purpose.
two
two
feet, or between
firmly in the ground for
about
of
between
placed
be
may
height
a
Them
Build
to
sides, but the best method
the
straight
poles on slant from
lay
about
to the ground,
eight inches
woods.
the
in
than
materials
the
of
use
built,
delightful
and
built
camp
for
or
being
is
camp
novel
more
the
and
Camps
Temporary
them
of
ends
securely by
on
which
with
the
last three
Table
thatch
the
should
be
into
and
flattened
sticks
the
placed
ground.
poles lay cross
sticks,
it down
weight
Build
Where
lean-to
fasten
and
poles.
way.
and
earth
crotched
driven
pile brush
other
same
of
and
these
Across
the
into
means
them
over
well
Chairs
the
so
up
bark
the
is
sides
in
used
to
Combined
top side of the rafters
the bark
can
be nailed
POPULAR
them.
to
Bark
thatch
to
tlie
overlapping
the
To
courses,
and
bark
remove
circles
trees, cut
pletely
apart comand
tree
join
from
six
feet
around
the
the
cuts
thus
made
by
cut
and
pry
away
the
of
means
an
removed
the
bark
it is
it down
ready
Hemlock,
for
spruce
feet, and with
on
these, make
that
so
to
a
or
bed
best
Another
having
only fine
depth of two
sleeping bag
for
form
the
of
into
each
has
several
feet
To
long will
make
around
end
cord
to hold
the
block, into
be
may
For
with
added
rude
a
slabs
in
canvas
and
and
2
hems
of
the
poles
so
it is about
selecting
a
for
reach
easy
hottest
part of
the
considered
else
day
the
other
be
with
should
the
To
make
inches
a
a
to
of
the
the
from
ends
stick
as
made
which
and
either
with
a
should
feet
long and
hickory, which
way,
a
the
will
bend
end
an
of
A
distance
center
be
of
pair of
1%
inches
some
wood,
will
of
over
bend
a
in
Made
together without
of
porary
the tem-
such
Such
of
rials
mate-
things
as
in
Block
a
etc., are
indispensable
outfit.
with
17
illustrations
Cabin."]
"
"
STATES
as
may
the
wood,
the
coals
breaking,
elm,
Ostriches
Arizona
11
birds
five
3
diameter,
such
foot
bed
another
tongs
green
easily. Cut
one
from
full details
a
Permanent
month
Build
UNITED
ground
Split the
provide
piece of tough
a
receive
OSTRICH
FARM.
the
fire.
the
and
axe
to
2
sticks
green
long into
support.
from
heat
3 feet
about
use
affords.
"
two
of
made
axe,
camping
[Next
outing,
an
etc.
set
crane
and
seats.
as
be
Twigs
duration
surrounding,
thick
foot
top
be
party, the
country
side
the
the
on
vary
"How
the
At
logs.
pieces
fresh
considerations
Hemlock
A
Shade
Stool
of
wood
each
on
timber
nails',cord,
Broom
one
pegs.
posts in the
top, and
cover
nail
serve
can
the
as
on
soft
articles
camp
forked
is essential.
Other
also.
will
in
ground.
member
always re-
camp
a
Many
four
seats
out
which
from
holes
drive
are
the
everything
above
within
water
the
on
slabs
the
through
set up
foot above
site
a
that
for
diameter
inches
long
In
feet
which
set
from
for
block
three
or
Stools
place.
3-inch
a
cross-pieces
cut
twigs
wire
if desired.
table
nail
poker.
a
hemlock
in
side
Set four
long.
ground, run
poles 7 feet
poles in the
forked
them
40
of
as
stick, using
a
easily made
by sawing
a
Bore
log a foot thick.
right height
legs to extend
6
of
of
^alluBiaO
Bark
bind
be
ground,
and
serve
can
^nu^
wide
with
broom
a
one
back
inches
Thatched
side
about
canvas
Lean-to,
the two
in posi*
shape and fasten
arms
of a cross-piece. Shape
the
by means
so
they will catch hold of anything that
into
the
fire.
A
dropped
round
stick
tion
stout
rary
tempo-
bed
in
sewing deep hems
duck
of
heavy
by
piece
after
Closed
ends
boughs,
blankets
the
few
a
stones,
use.
removed
the
shelter.
a
with
left, piled
are
A
Lay
dry for
cedar
or
large boughs
made
by
readily
early summer.
the
to
ground
on
branches
bark
the
days, weighting
all
vertical
a
It is most
axe.
in
which
used
cord.
of
two
be
laying it in
at
beginning
it by
securing
wigwam,
bottom,
means
also
may
MECHANICS.
or
in
years
them.
their
high, and
center,
1,000
whittle
it
did
They
birds
do
not
Africa
At
well,
shown
are
South
thriving.
from
are
ago
have
African
it half
until
imported
years
some
a
inches
ancestors,
weigh
in
yielding about
eight months.
200
the
a
Salt
the
River
of
last
difference
taller
standing
pounds.
pound
but
marked
to
first
There
8
are
than
feet
now
valley, each
feathers
every
.POPULAR
14
No
place
could
than
the
bo
in
care
picturesque and
especially
more
log cabin
choosing
camp,
site
its
How
and
Camps
Permanent
cozy
where
MECHANICS.
been
has
off
squarely.
at
the
ends
exercised.
the
between
with
level
a
the
first
the
corner
between
others,
all the
Cut
ends
Them
Build
to
those
save
posts,
corner
inches
4
cut
posts
on
the
at
Those
one.
higher.
made
be
and
stones
small
stones
3
level and
posts,
deep
large
chinking
places that
any
with
up
laying
these,
of
top
on
small
pits
filling them
ground
to
cobble-stones
with
digging
by
in diameter,
feet
2
of
feet
piers, instead
foundation
Stone
may
up
main
re-
may
open.
building the
For
from
timber
How
Lock
Logs
the
the
at
Corners
from
the
of
advantages
it should
high
dry
fresh
with
its
away
the
according
indies
the
of
quite
as
a
the
of
the
Where
they
rafters, joists,etc.
If the
and
clear
if not,
solid
pine
tamarack,
about
timber
feet
5
posts
12
ground
J
Dig
long.
0
rock,
or
and
Framing
under
post
a
building
as
these
in
many
distance
a
and
angle
where
and
apart,
In
each
are
placed
hauled
building
skids
on
(two
to camp.
the
feet
first tier of
logs select
the
and
shaped
they
side
wide.
piers
level
end
from
for
that
so
the
walls
sills
and
lay the
under
and
are
posts, including
in
feet, three
12
set,
inches
mark
above
the
those
at
the ground
in
the
After
posts.
one
These
the
and
highest
Lay
cut
log
and
floor
side
a
logs
will
small
the
ends
the
at
from
fit
in
logs
When
the
logs
of
laid
end
the
over
the
them
before
so
low
hol-
a
side
the
of
large
alternately.
come
being
cut
round
logs
the
on
corners,
each
Place
logs carefully,
is properly
are
other
sides.
notches
3
foundation
sleepers.
foot
log beneath.
be
should
the
both
on
in
part
surfaces
All
cut
and
end
the
on
flattened
flatten
flattened
narrowest
space
other.
laid
are
join the
which
four
est,
strong-
be
to
the
them
the
each
the
To
Joists
Place
with
of
largest
called, should
are
upper
inches
the
the
all.
there
best
Framing
site,it should
thus
logs) and
between
For
of 20
the
to
distance
some
be
at
straight line, and
of the
log the flattened
10
Rafters
the
Beveling
a
ground
for
brought
the
off
foundation
deep; set the posts, tamping
around
them.
There
firmly
the
posts
is
timber
might
on
the
are
used
structure
sills,as
corners,
trees
be
may
used
be
to
the
pure,
which
the
out
sound
to
distance
be
of
log
side
the
feet
necessary.
should
it is
tops
lock
hem-
Each
longer than
sound
and
diameter.
and
purpose.
which
in
building
be.
straight
a
feet
two
cut
the
for
in
spruce
ize
harmon-
trees
and
down
be
corner
near
be
is to
on
near
to
For
possible;
earth
should
possible,
building
plans
diameter
3
about
but
swamp,
always
occupy.
Select
holes
post
or
if
in
if
the
the
to
cedar
a
all decayed
cabin, stake
hemlock.
or
near
ered;
consid-
he
should
pine,
site.
it is to
place
should
but
Plan
Clear
it
and,
stream,
water.
on
be
not
ground
running
use
the
surrounding
scenery
fall
ing
hunting and fishcamp's location, the
boating,
good
all
straight,sound
use
inches
10
balsam,
Tamarack,
are
Aside
cabin
to
6
sure
that
each
pi*oceeding with
POPULAR
proper
and
then
for
windows
and
window
the
top
and
of
tier
next
out
the
doors
the
out
saw
each
lay the
sawing
and
logs
openings
doors.
and
door
side.
one
of
boards
of
on
point
resume
ready
Have
made
this
made,
he
to
door
until
tiers
windows
width
At
is reached.
log the
the
tops of
the
of
height
laying the
Continue
."mother.
15
MECHANICS.
window
thick
them
Nail
frames
How
the
joists
In
putting
did
the
ends
sills
of
slanting
the
logs.
so
they
Make
a
the
and
tenons
Select
small
timber
flatten
the
the
side
one
ends
about
inches.
6
apart,
the
top.
eter,
diam-
in
them
extend
on
to
the
over
Nail
a
the
at
feet
at
halve
and
to
cording
ac-
Use
to
4 inches
letting them
rafters,
you
tops
roof.
three
one.
ends
their
ridge-pole
about
gable
as
lower
rafters
about
to
just
the
of
the
the
steep
a
rafters
bevel
slant
them
is
their
fasten
to
raise
roof
the
them
gable
water.
put
across
gains
rafters
best
spike
the
shed
will
the
The
the
to
loose
joists
of
joists. Frame
plate-logs and
ridge-pole
top.
Lay
the
two
flatten
and
fit the
Latch
places and
proper
means
up
first.
Select
window
Look
before.
rafters
hold
Should
between
joining by
cuts,
as
Door
the
at
crosspiece
The
Roof
the
and
planed
in the openings to
inch
1
them
in
place.
If there
at
to
are
be
joists, which
timber
second
should
inches
6
in
floors
two
height of the
the
be
the
to
cabin,
of
if
diameter
the
shingles cannot
If
lay peeled
straight sound
floor
will
bark
for
procured
be
do
well.
very
ering,
cov-
a
The
bark
is
span
is longer.
ways
Alif the span
feet; thicker
the
so
place them
they will have
shortest
three
about
possible and
span
12
feet
apart.
Flatten
end
to
using
for
axe
cut
ends
them.
under
the
gains,
receive
same
end,
as
the
the
a
their
upper
chalk
line
To
purpose.
in
shown
joists
and
sides
and
place
cut, in the
make
tenons
a
from
broad
the
joists
logs that
on
logs
Where
Joists
Cut
Are
for
Openings
the
Use
spikes to fasten
the
to
run
partitions are
the
of
a
strong
joist,
place
joist
way
each
At openings for stairs cut
one.
of
Where
Crosspieces
should
be
laid
in
on
For
floors
boards
For
and
removed
from
large trees
long strips,overlapping 6 inches.
the
planed
thick
are
be
planed
and
and
inches
6
pine
wide.
floor they
should
be
nesses
thicktwo
sides, unless
second
story
both
on
should
matched
use
inch
1
used,
put
which
in
with
on
the
case
the
boards
surfaces
rough
facing.
To
partitions
make
and
halves,
their
flat sides
enough
This
to
will
of
consist
facing
each
make
round
side
log
alternately. Place
spike into
partition and
one
Window
some
Partition
Made
of
Halved
Logs
should
sash
outside
be
placed
just
together.
the
of
partition
and
a
flat
log
top
of
the
on
place.
be
of
in
nailed
surface
a
must
source
with
form
in
overlapping
and
firmly when
hold
a
them
tudinal
longi-
in
logs
saw
nail
the
procured
supply
frames
and
so
from
they
they
Will
out
are
wood
bi ir
bard-
a
H
1: t
JOS.
X
A
(he
and
throat
brick, and
of
prevent
the
of
work, letting
shingles at the
them
over
the
tin
with
and
without
iron
A
in
fit
it to
leather
a
hold
and
not
side
one
the
ends
of
turn
in
them
one
side
of
the
a
wooden
work
to
bar
the
the
crane
should
and
the
vertical
Fasten
with
door
string
a
hooks,
on
to
its
is
a
In
of
the
latch
hole
a
add
much
may
be
provided
the
the
time
should
opening
feet
high
top.
The
and
5
wide
fireplace
the
supports
good
by
firebed
poles, and
a
as
stairway
to
the
the
work
with
for
fireplace should
The
have
may
not
and
should
it
laid,
are
be
be
a
stone
face.
larger
than
arched
at
have
a
3
the
deep
A
Bus
is
logs.
green
for warmth.
arrangement
building
which
of
frame
a
and
up
foundations
of
3 feet
a
wide
lower
Screens
foundations
other
should
funnel
through
cabin
a
built
be
stone
firebrick, but
The
of
hang
pins to
be provided
vessels, etc.
fireplace consists
of
desired.
if
mortar.
cement
of
it
pass
comfort
to
Box
outside.
the
to
the
cabin, laying
using
be
to
Wood
a
and
inside
door
the
fireplace
The
the
at
the
on
in
Building
have
should
arm
which
brick
the
with
smoke
together
of
in
should
to
fit
part and
tapering up
12 inches' in diameter
pipe about
The
above
the roof;
top of the pipe extends
the funnel
is suspended
foundation
over
a
of stone, brick
or
clay 8 inches
deep and
at
which
Ways
built
sheet-iron
inverted
huge
be
piece
The
on
kind
Another
door
strong
a
them.
fit into
which
the
provide
and
latch.
the
fasten
Packing
of
the
Two
Cupboard
A
at
holes
stick
Nail
To
pole.
these
In
round
easily.
a
Box
for
Sockets
on
part
upper
frame.
catch
as
piece.
are
directly opposite in
strong
a
will
make
in
the
part of
lower
slip the
securely. If hinges
a
large deep hole
another
and
upright
an
a
crosspieces
and
door
the
of
frame,
the
bore
had,
be
to
to
lie
may
bracing
by
may
port
sup-
matched
of
doors
Make
them
brackets
made
crane
an
The
capped.
ledge to
a
will
nail
the
over
braces
use
nailing
them,
button
closed.
it
boards
while
it open,
holding
to
strap
be
in
good
a
if below
but
will
frame
the
in
pins
iron
for
bar
let
Fireplace
Funnel
over
convenient
be
A
and
sides
have
be
should
it
be built up
fireplace may
wooden
a
mantel,
or
made.
the
under
the
at
it over,
capping
ridge-pole
brick
chimney
will
it
ridgepole
draft
ing
leak-
the
in
against other pieces laid
reaches
If the chimney
shingles.
the
about
chimney
from
roof
tin
the
of
lower
down
above
the
side
top
the
extend
edge
one
the
at
turn
the
Build
lay pieces
to
it
around
be
should
flue
smoke
it; inches.
by
it; inches
bored
holes
sash, having
the
on
and
binges
for
do
will
leather
old
Straps of
convenient.
mosl
M
swing
tnal
Windows
waterproof.
be
R
LA
POPF
16
tic
Stairway
frame
put
held
This
is built
on
it, one
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
may
suit
used
for
otber
his
Halved
fancy.
steps
and
logs
Bunks
of
least
at
poles
laying
made
be
poles
even
a
foot
placing
by
on
frame
a
fine
and
The
depth of two
head
and
on
bag.
foot
these
A
feet, laying pieces
to
hold
the
boughs
laying the blankets
be
can
packing box
Bunk
With
a
Mattress
of
small
floor
at
in
or
sides,
place
ing
sleep-
used
Springy
for
Boughs
tables,
nails.
the
of Small
cabin
there
is
a
Poles
built
For
a
etc., may
Window
of
pearance
dig
nishing
fur-
be
built
seats
add
of
to
poles
the
ap-
Mantel
Rustic
be
and
cover
for
tastes.
suiting individual
as
articles, such
chairs, beds, wood
and
with
for
Built
its
shelves.
range
boxes,
to
Fireplace
Couch
Canopied
Many
and
twigs
few
a
furnishings
wide
of
work
the
above
boughs
even-sized
A
Saplings
Green
hinging
by
with
For
may
straight
and
clipboard
:i
many
purposes.
Made
the
be
may
for
convenient
are
17
the
hole
of
garbage
little distance
To
rustic
seats
can
veranda.
disposal
a
and
comfort
the
for
Hold
the
from
Window
it is well
the
Open
to
camp,
IT
IM)
18
nprxiiklinga
over
cabin
The
"f
refuse
thoughl
finished
best,
ball
rather
has
and
the
The
in
A
adds
should
logs
its
to
done
be
out
dry
can
oakum
or
logs
from
and
a
of
inviting
little.
For
pressing
will
camp
between
county
in
California
Care
afford
comfortable
as
in
place
a
in
as
10
about
a
harrow
'PUSH-BALL
ON
NEW
A
HORSEBACK,"
ENGLISH
mile
per
GAME.
It is
then
then
a
which
was
horseback"
on
in
high
Tournament
The
ball
was
game
by
troopers
splendidly
mounted
is
favor
held
played
of
at
in
a
the
new
England
with
the
Royal
on
black
game
Royal
an
Horse
to
tary
Mili-
recently.
enormous
Pushball
cents
per
to
cents
odor
horses, three
on
Horeebaok
is
It is applied
100
barrels
application.
weeks
two
about
and
rels
bar-
50
in
repair
for
the
oil
barrel
per
fine
disagreeable.
used
are
roads
barrel
are
mile
per
keep these
roads
of
with
over
follows.
30
These
Guards
dis
a
width
a
first
of
drilled
as
mixed.
stand
to
barrels
25
45
holes
about
application
and
pipe
gas
serve
gone
the
in
is
then
ordinary
4-inch
applied to
and
allowed
50
purpose
is then
used
mile
About
to
thoroughly
second
per
"Push-ball
apart
weather
are
An
this
half-inch
having
It
roadbed
oil.
of
piece
a
feet.
hot
for
oil is
and
in
used
is
level.
slightly and
the
with
inches
The
the
roads
145
has
is quite
country
rounded
and
long
it two
tributer.
desired.
be
can
10 feet
the
the
the
with
leather
location
The
highways.
oiled
provided
is
great
with
single
is
the
time
a
with
sport
CALIFORNIA.
tank
wagon
participants
After
IN
graded and
sprinkled
it is
use
chisel
wooden
a
it in.
force
to
calking
it in
sides, using
the
and
Calking
appropriateness.
late
as
possible, so the
a
moss,
both
mallet
details
as
mirable
ad-
football.
a
constructing
first
the
covered
is
like
oil fields and
In
of
the
the
is
ROADS
of
near
game
OILED
miles
Seat
diameter,
inflated
and
the
the
the
but
much
as
enjoy it as
cus
cira
originated with
is four
The
ball, which
game
Germany.
in
knees,
to
appear
men.
feet
than
and
into
The
ball.
pushing
fine play.
for
enter
the
of
horses
diesis
room
horses
zest
Window
the
of
interesting feature
horsemanship
the
Cozy
In
with
about
side
each
on
men
which
A
I C S.
\
consists
game
inside
more
II A
KV
mounted
it.
in
detracts
this
but
M
rial
mate-
placed
is
thai
be
may
excavated
the
little of
any
It
LA
for
for
at
nually
an-
about
and
from
applying
driving,
but
it.
the
POPULAR
20
boards
about
J,
edges
the
of
"i
height. The
same
any
to
shown
in
with
How
Water
many
made
of
people
material
for
necessary
the
make,
is
the
a
like
be
can
off
cast
other
by
construction
of
a
with
be
made
be
given
the
road,
rides
Thus
barrels
four
the
about
craft
new
To
is
were
the
The
affair
familiar
not
do
can
they
they
"
grocer
them
Flour
not
strong
are
required
are
it
barrels;
made
the
for
or
inclined
the
to
in
the
by simply
left, which
in
turns
side
the
the
the
of
affair.
working
rels
danger, as the airtight barpossibly sink.
mode
of
barrels, using
putting
together
large
one
in
one
the
the
set
rear
him.
water
with
of
but
ing
arrang-
of
manner
no
Another
of
right
dip
you
have
you
the
method
the
after
for
be
can
1 shows
Figure
let
is
cannot
nor
at
the
to
to
the
as
with
There
The
oil barrels
deliveries
few
a
bicycle, although
the
with
you
making
barrels
two.
enough,
cost, probably
small
will
barrels
perfectly airtight.
furnish
for
Three
barrels.
made
be
can
very
a
oil
craft
first
a
on
out
effected
is
the
dipped direction.
at first,but
increases
as
speed is slow
force
is generated
and
becomes
as
one
the
is
body
the
ready for
yourself
bicycle
a
steering
the
bending
of
pedals, just
the
on
you
The
street.
now
on
M,
nailed
board
1.
it, seat
propel
The
at
as
circumference
Fig.
in
bicycle seat, feet
bicycle
can
is made.
of
pieces
shown
as
voyage.
and
girls
paddles
with
fitted
of
cleated
causes
be
it can
each.
drive
center
a
are
consisting
would
and
boys
as
the
can
Bicycle
barrels.
The
fun
furthermore,
penny
a
tuted,
substi-
turning
(beat
and,
for
Water
rear
for
means
power,
and
removed
handle,
tool
remunerative,
barrels,
water
hand
be
may
any
afford
to
as
by
and
principal material
The
rubbish.
as
had
MaKe
boys
often
The
of
sport, and,
fine
device
crank
or
shaft, and
propelling
pedals
handle,
so
best
chain
To
bicycles afford
another
the
consists
This
The
chisel
a
t lio
on
gear
crank.
almost
the
together.
tracks
3.
Fig.
the
be
arc
sprocket
the
strips
about
can
nails
connection
sprocket
inches
6
nail
and
I, 1
ties
the
putting
in
use
wide
Wire
boards.
box
which
of
inch
an
about
bo
.T can
tracks
or
to
wide,
MECHANICS.
cle
bicy-
wheels.
Procure
old
an
bicycle
and
frame
make
wide
3 feet
platform about
2 feet
end
and
at the rear
tapering to about
the board
at the
front, using cleats to hold
for
it
frame,
shown
as
in
shown
the
heads
put
a
shaft
and
the
of
two
of
wood
side
the
in
the
pieces
is
the
first
the
K.
part
front
and
rels
bar-
rear
shafts,
as
frame
to
place
1
we
from
passes
frame
bicycle
the
sprocket
the
see
the
to
slits in
on
the
of
platform
the
thereon.
connections
and
Fig.
and
in
indicated.
Next
U
justing
ad-
barrel,
the
to
and
barrel
the
Ty.Z
center
barrels
rear
through
through
one
portion
barrel
holes
Bore
heads
the
in
also
of
shaded
the
of
2.
Fig.
the
at
construction
The
of
board
a
driver
sprocket
the
the
Going
driving
the
that
place
L
downward
platform
shaft
bicycle
between
to
the
the
back
chain
of
Fig. 3.
bored
closed
tween
be-
putty
two
in
clay.
wooden
are
made
front
barrels
others.
the
tight
or
the
two
the
and
the
bores
These
and
inserted
in
one
like
barrels
the
driven
rj
small
a
proper
the
by
The
are
empty
head
holes
wooden
entrance
calking
The
ends
frame
is presented
with
of
where
to receive
shafts
to
the
the
oil
are
are
bores
hemp
and
shafts
turn
the
the same.
required
If the
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
journals
thus
will
not
be
can
be
which
oiled,
Such
AMERICAN
THE
and
ease
Why
has
sea?
to
in
Buryeson,
a
is
is
gives
brought
about
And
then
strongly
that
is
hints
the
caused
and
using
by
up
a
little
a
even
pleasure,
be
can
rigged
sheeting;
some
houseboat,
of
amount
any
sail
which
will
be
built.
can
captain
time
is
BOAT
WINS
IN
health
ENDURANCE
thinks
TEST.
Old
The
submarine
"Fulton,"
boat
been
undergoing
some
tests, has demonstrated
ability of these crafts
severe
is the
during a gale.
the night of June
6 this boat
remained
to a depth
of from
four
to ten
submerged
feet throughout
the night.
Once
during the
within
air
the
night the foul
ship was
On
and
fresh
pumped
out
entirely without
10
was
the
torpedo
60
miles
of
boat
in.
pumped
air
June
endurance
an
run
R. I., to New
Newport,
one-half
hours.
eight and
half-hour
uled
longer than the sched-
I., in
served
of
to
by
heavy
fury by recent
gales. Its
and
tanks
out
ballast
it had
were
pumped
feet freeboard
for the
just a few
trip and
it showed
itself to be
buoyant
remarkably
and
wood
time,
lashed
sea
able
a
hold
to
lashed
the
to
from
watching
these
comprehended
each
of
against
hid
these
which
the
own
of
much
it from
the
navies
storm-
had
men
be
to
the
the
time
view
shore.
of
tiny boats
the
cames
strongest
a
warship
and
is not
in
more
chorus
Civil
of
but
building
tleships.
bat-
of
cigarettes
and
to
his
work
a
boat
fuel
test
being
was
driven
also
by
made
a
on
the
gasoline
trip, the
engine.
clothes
water
winter,
or
summer
was
healthy
and
line
if he
His
done
and
it
had
his
to."
head
lants,
Stimunovels
dime
hard,
worked
in the
a
air,
open
toughened
on
and
simple
was
with
animal, blessed
the
ability to sleep
with
if
up
pastimes.
He
all
New
shoot
sturdy
bringing
poisonous
him.
ba,ck-
the
The
of
molly-coddles
in a graveyard
food
his
were
as
a
to
the
to
merchant
our
from
was
them
His
year.
unknown
digestion
A
a
wholesome,
the
land
would
age,
inside
the
Prior
England.
New
of
hamlets
boy of that day
England
of a sturdy civilization.
applied to the pampered
were
money
recruited
mostly
was
and
automobiles
to
ships.
girls than
of
the
War
personnel
marine
weapon
time
hopeful
to
more
run
aspirations
of
today
and
millionaire
home
from
away
run
the
when
forever
by
dreams
The
sea.
young
usually
portant this
im-
How
is readily
are
experiments
in the
light of the fact that
proof,
expend
Department
Navy
may
in
than
these
in constructing
world's
the
on
the
and
deck
rollers
great
those
its
although
waters,
swept
the
was
into
caused
is quite
a
day has gone
'quality folks'
"The
sons
the
biit
theory
new
head,
the
in
watches.
go
a
brand
a
colds
of
hardtack.
protector,
ship is altogether too draughty
for
a
to
be
a
healthy abode
of
lad.
The
a
president
growing
formed
inwhen
declared,
Congress'
rageous
it was
of the fact, that
simply outtheir
should
have
sailors
that
pie
the
them
night
cold
to
during
young
'Woman's
to
was
on
structure
a
of
This
of
inventor
nature
that
sure
from
Suffolk, L.
the
The
On
incident.
made
lives
who
Lingeron,
dispepsia tablets,and who
American
kindly to
boys don't take
digest the
because
they can't
Briny
and
foods
and
seas
test
says:
Dr.
on
rough
The
past.
the
salt
spects
re-
worth
changes
wonderful
weather
to
material
in
the
maggots
junk and
chest
wears
a
Coffin, who
endurance
The
result.
a
all
Prof.
has
which
fully the
as
century
a
have
ous
timor-
become
no
during
of
speaking
old
says,
Buryeson
changes
in
undergone
has
"There
SUBMARINE
suffers
he
ship,
or
give
marine
change
the
by
to
boy
cism,
ostra-
tion
condi-
a
Capt.
these
American
our
American
social
reason"
times.
that
the
of
main
the
as
eration.
consid-
of
stand
H.
gives
Seaman's
Coast
worthy
can't
he
been
school,
old
the
possibly
going
Frithiof
but
the
it in
of
version
new
he
A
pond.
"raast and
GO
has
that
ways,
of
seaman
Because
any
NOT
stopped
boy
question
a
various
Journal, that
on
DOES
SEA.
American
the
This
answered
a
safety
BOY
TO
it,
upon
with
about
WHY
raft
a
built
fancy
paddled
there
frame
a
and
platform
a
individual
be
can
well
are
friction.
with
fitted
one's
suit
to
made
much
21
to
in-
him
a
bucket
good
on
a
of
POPULAR
22.
MECHANICS.
MECHANICS
TO
HOW
MAKE
A
FOR
MINIATURE
WINDMILL.
A.
Sheldon
which
Pennoj-er..
inch
C,
The
description
following
windmill
Its
breeze.
and
for
pine
The
eight blades
lxl%xl2
inches.
cut
of
as
shown
ends
curved
in
blades
given
a
1-inch
place.
pieces
in
was
inches
left
were
to
as
final
keyed
The
the
in
bend
two
two
the
they
the
keep
to
the
and
which
put
was
through
pass
shaft
to
L
wire
axle
after
pulley,
were
in
pulley
C
the
shaft
by which
is shown
forward
working
tween
beintervened
the
washes,
method
from
kept
Fig. 5.
M,
the
the
and
block
bearing
N,
wire
passed through th" axle and then
its falling out.
Two
to prevent
wash-
which
was
bent
uncut
so
the
The
opposite
edges were
about
Vs inch
hole
(G, Fig.
2%-
The
ground.
1, was
Fi^. 4.
in
the
through
the
to
pulley, I, Fig.
as
was
from
pulley F, to shaft
extended
holes
its softness.
blade
Two
siderate
con-
light
a
of
made
were
the
thickness.
in
such
Two
until
away
parts,
in
constructed
account
on
gave
even
were
ture
minia-
a
which
its size,
smaller
pulleys,
sugar
mad",
was
power
is how
the 5-inch
keying
1)
By
AMERICA
YOUNG
fS'wivel
J3ejxrtmcj
C5$
hub
the
at
end.
circular
the
6 inches
in
of
center
then
nailed
to
were
They
was
plate A, Fig. 1, which
face
diameter
1 inch
and
hub
the
nailed
was
B, Fig. 1, which
shaft
face
the
C, Fig. 1,
plate. The
iron
turned
rod, 2 feet long, and
^-inch
to
the
lessen
bed
The
the
by
disk
wooden
forward
to
The
thick.
lengthened
was
placed on
bearing and
were
ers
inches
C, between
shaft
the
hub
of
was
2 feet
the
the
wheel
friction.
plate D, Fig. 1,
wide
and
inch
1
thick
long, 3
and
was
'
the
bearings
nut
from
the
bearing
and
thick
to
blocks
bearing
easy
a
was
was
placed in
The
running.
was
J
2.
wide,
without
high
bearings
in
inches
3
were
in
Fig.
and
insure
inches
3
Both
half.
bolt
wagon
a
in
detailed
inch
1
the
upper
in
made
were
was
which
C
was
keyed
wheel,
method
the
by the
staple, held
hub.
the
cut
The
of
This
shown
shaft
method
the
to
from
was
hub
in
of
this
Fig. 3.
revolving
also
applied
K,
from
fan
E
was
top
it to take
on
band
iron
was
slack.
placed
slot
This
12
pulleys
dealer.
The
from
string, with
two
x
fan
inches
with
obtained
were
power
up
the
nailed.
was
hardware
a
to
and
shown.
small
the
bearing
^4-inch pine 18
1^4 inches.
was
in
in
rear
bases, H, Fig. 1,
sum
the
the
shape
two
the
a
the
the
made
manner.
Shaft
from
tapered
was
belt
shaft
a
To
wooden
in the
section
prevent
for
small
Their
ter
diame-
which
C
ferred
trans-
to
of
shaft
rubber
it from
pulleys
grooves
screw
a
of
a
ping
slip-
rubber
each.
G
in
POPULAR
MECHANICS.
The
point for the swivel
termined
debearing was
by balancing the bed plate, with
parts in place, across
the
thin
edge of
all
a
board.
in
which
There
shaft
14-inch
a
G
turned.
here, washers
F.
The
swivel
lids of
baking
cut
of
out
enough
to
the
the
sharp
plate,
the
the
the
for
shaft
Shaft
to
G
but
center
the
tacks,
surface
Holes
upon.
through
both
lids.
diameter,
the
against
bored
was
G
was
of
smooth
in
bed
shaft
lid, G,
revolve
rubbing
J/o-inch hole
a
the
with
the
furniture
14 inch
it from
smaller
for
other
cut
enlarged
of
hole
a
two
was
down,
top
as
to
were
was
keep
P,
tin
G
The
headed
acted
other
being
also, in the
brass
Fig. 6, which
for
its
The
down
P, with
from
other.
14-inch
tion
fric-
pulley
section
underside
center.
tacked, top
board
the
to
that
so
in
was
edge
under
A
nailed
was
the
made
was
cans.
permit
admit
0, Fig. 6,
one,
R.
bearing
bored
was
lessen
placed
were
powder
one
to
hole
To
for
but
board
it, through
latter.
The
A
tower
strips, 25
points
the
board
P
board
corners
the
at
12
was
notched
were
to
stake
a
by disconnecting
could
used
be
be
tipped
as,
for
hinges
as
and
when
Bearings
for
in
apart
put to various
the
G
two
be
5
was
BOAT.
ICE
of
skate
trouble
the
6-foot
is
2x2x12
put
the
first
This
in
to
top
2
pfece
a
the
as
the
plank,
Fig. 1.
runners
piece should
in
Figure
on.
piece and
8-foot
fastened
inches
inches
piece of hardwood
screwed
plank
at
to
the
crosswise.
post
AN
be
be
tised
mor-
before
the
the
der
rud-
shows
post.
A
"
"*
rudder
is
inches
BUILD
middle
3x3x4
skate
needed
power
the
will
is used.
fastened.
could
placed
craft
hardwood
were
ground,
were
The
tower.
was
tower
windmill
shaft
The
that
so
the
to
Yacht
right angles to it, bolt the
foot projecting as
leaving one
of
strengthen
strip
there
or
the
Over
nailed
were
the
and
the
the
tire other
them
lee
at
uses.
TO
HOW
admit
to
time
the
of
square
ground
lowered
instance,
oiling.
feet
of
two
over
the
in
parallel
from
8-foot
top
to
Four-Runner
inch
inches
strips as shown, Fig. 1. Laths
the strips
diagonally between
Each
the
tower
laterally.
screwed
lxl
four
converged
They
an
forming
ground
This
the
of
long.
the
to
square
and
feet
on
tower.
made
was
should
in
may
be
the
end
Through
fit
the
this
in
of
The
and
should
the
grain
bore
order
nicely.
hardwood,
inches
side
with
diameter
of
1x6x6
under
a
that
8-foot
running
hole
the
V/2
rudder
tiller, Fig.
about
8
3,
inches
long.
The
of
season
ice
has
boat
arrived
is
each
exciting sport
year
with
more
popular.
Any one
can
experience in using tools
and
this
small
such
times
ice
a
for
Take
the
the
6-foot
bolt
is
pieces
other
8
One
a
off
old
an
the
of
holes
through
screw
one
hardwood.
lower
wood
of
the
them
These
2x6,
a
top
to
of
each
skates
side
of
the
struct
con-
easiest
Sail
and
6
one
2x4x12
of
edge
Have
under
many
the
in
the
even
feet
end
long. At each
at
right angles to
feet
skate.
of
To
coming
be-
follows:
as
piece and
hardwood
piece of
Round
pleasure
described
November,
two
and
the
effort.
build
to
and
craft,
the
repays
boats
Sweep
fit
the
inches.
each
piece
blacksmith
the
of
must
be
to
bore
skates
the
of
it,
pieces
and
of
exactly
Flan
of Ioe
Boat
8-foot
plank
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
24
bolt
of
front
the
and
boards
to
The
should
spar
diameter
in
inches
be
9
at
the
Pain
lin.
tlu"
2*"
and
scam
in
the
machine,
a
on
hem
and
make
way
of
method
the
shows
6
the
to
of
the
crotching
inch
the
and
be
5%
feet
at
the
end.
of
the
the
at
should
horn
gives the
which
made
be
can
York
Tell
Can
How
first terrific
the
During
which
Point
points,
western
only,
to
be
to
route,
the
sure,
that
in
to
from
was
to
but
every
section
The
York
New
wired
first
to
Hong-Kong
of
to
Suez,
sent
and
then
to
to
by
Yokohama,
come
may
long
as
will
possible,
as
make
iron
an
much
so
you,
the
or
better
Travels
Chicago
cabled
from
Going
under
the
brief
story
where
the
a
Pacific, via
time
the
Its
the
to
on
San
And
was
took
on
cisco,
Franup
Chicago.
"Give
answer,
back.
there
messages
it
this
ocean,
to
telegraph again
sent
was
mighty
Honolulu
rushed
and
route
same
us
the
its
By
thing,"
some-
two
tle
lit-
more
than
$50 cable
New
York
stock
change
ex-
at
Salle
La-
tolls.
The
just
at
cable,
time
did
10
a.
differences
its
and
m.
Chicago,
street,
for
the
left
message
hurried
was
in
Was
again
derful
won-
ket
"Mar-
Bombay,
which
Destination?
Atlantic
the
London
Its
new
equal
was
message,
crossed
a
the
and
boat.
your
to
and
stock
by
was
it
all
words
York
which
one
emergency.
higher,"
York
St., Chicago,
son
sea-
off
two
New
the
from
LaSalle
to
the
cut
little message,
a
sent
was
exchange
and
New
between
communication
of
storm
East
the
swept
runners
for
Message
This
Long*
Starting
boom
Miles
24*000
Who
be
main
winds.
blacksmith
a
shows
ft.
knot,
point
heavy
runner
will
mus-
New
From
Telegram
of
in
your
if
steel
dimensions
and
shape
reef
Make
1 inch
and
butt
Fig. 8 a
in handy
fits in
This
top.
The
and
mainsail
the
at
Fig. 1.
long, 2x3
4
Figure
half
a
hole,
square
the
rigging
7
Figure
spar.
to
an
a
put
loops at
corners.
gaff
to
tapering
base,
the
cord
stout
Figure
long
feet
in
cross-
8-inch
nail
plank
platform.
the
make
this
to
6-foot
the
piece
and
block,
rudder
inches
2x4x22
timber
of
piece
a
at
in
trip occupy?
arrived
11:45
a.
time, how
111..
lowing
Al-
much
A
Light, Shoot
Call the
and
A
burglar
things
part of
wood,
a
8
10
or
will
at
small
Secure
labor.
is
in.
Fig.
notch
as
about
1 in.
at
and
cost
of
piece
box
Cut
square.
on
1 out of it and
all of these
do
a
tobacco
a
to a piece of wood
is to be securely fastened
the short
the wall
arm
so
projecting from
the end
of B, Fig. 1.
Now
will slip over
fasten
a
string in the hole, A, Fig. 4, and
run
the
string
You
can
run
hole, A.
which
made
be
may
little
very
like
alarm
Times
Five
Police
Matthews.
H,
W.
By
Pistol
a
Electric
An
Bell,Flash
Electric
Ring An
WiU
ALARM.
BURGLAR
NOVEL
25
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
door
hard
a
cut
a
Take
C.
a
strip of hardwood
thick, shape it like B, Fig. 1, and
the
in
and
attach
of
the
end
of
on
of
side.
the
of
door
of
of
or
the
Make
hay
wire
At
attached
door
and
the
string.
string
door
other
other
side
one
front
side
piece of
a
end
on
eye
the
on
to
hook,
a
one
on
the
in
it
draw
is to put
it to
eye
windows.
strings
more
facing
out
and
doors
or
way
hook
hook
night hook
trigger in
the
best
door
a
short
and
piece
edge
one
with
best, about
round
a
eye,
The
the
to
dozen
a
to
facing,
through
put
the
Leave
facing.
BEAR
FRONT
?"3IH3TT^
nail
it securely
make
hole
a
nail
the
to
round
large enough
to
run
piece. At A
a 20-penny
large end of an
hole
old baseball
a
bat, make
through this
The
nail
it to the
back
of Fig. 1.
also and
through the hole
20-penny nail should
pass
at A, through
the hole in the bat and
ject
proIt
into
the wall.
far enough
to drive
off 3
should
room
the
either
to
a
of
a
strong
weight, A, fastened
is to be
wound
Shape
a
over
the
wall
Make
bat, C,
piece of ball
cord, B, which
the
on
up
wood
two
the
of
arm
end
the
in
has
piece of bat, C.
Fig
like
holes
this
A
4, about
B
and
is to
of
until wanted.
The
a
This
end.
other
piece
B, Fig. 1, and act as
to keep the weight, A, Fig. 3, from
short
unlocked
door
to
go
through
the
and
the machinery
to work
The
reception."
string should
lower
end
of
in
it.
project
a
ger
trigping
dropFig. 4
and
if
any
door
he
will
get
"warm
a
about
be
2
floor.
the
ft. above
doublethe trigger guard from
a
cheap revolver, and fasten it so when
the piece, B, Fig.
the weight, A, runs
down,
fire the pistol.
the trigger and
1, will strike
Remove
acting
BLANK
cartridges
will
They
to the
piece of
6 in. long.
The
to
hall.
back
Fig. 3 consists
fastened
the
4 in. of
or
fastened
be
or
other
or
attempts
put
through.
Saw
screen
one
hardly
prove
Take
small
a
and
fasten
will
nearly
wood
the
pressed
bell and
no
should
as
the
used.
be
burglar
will
B,
2,
they
investigate.
block
springs
of
on
touch.
Fasten
the
weight
wood,
it
so
this
is wound
Fig.
that
block
of
up
the
in the
be
notch, C, Fig. 1.
weight falls the springs will be
ringing the electric
together thus
furnishing an electric light. If you
electric lights in the house, get a
will
springs
two
when
so
When
have
to
stop
ONLY
effectual
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
26
hand
electric
small
light
be
both
may
Fig.
circuit
lantern.
The
connected
on
the
same
this
is
done:
how
shows
2
bell
"
the
are
attached.
are
Now
else
of
the
and
off
falls
will
it will
it
also
and
will
prove
a
their
part.
make
the
shoe
A
HOW
TO
MAKE
the
to
who
boy
in
our
of
amount
any
to
cares
required
materials
receiver,
horn,
about
200
four
the
is sent
good
as
watch
attach
a
the
When
can
plainly
horn
and
hushes
greatly
near
what
hear
a
18
the
from
GOOD
Mix
is hidden
people
the
the
reader
a
the
make
if it is not
new
the
holes.
who
bon
car-
water
or
This
that
says
battery nearly
too
far
as
hand.
before-
gone
RECEIVER
IMITATION
OAK
SURFACE
soft
line
parts of burnt
equal
with
STAIN.
the
Be
careful
pulverized and
in
If
a
the
clump
ceiver
re-
of
passing will be
voice,
a
hearing
and
brown
to
strain
have
the
the
colors
liquid before
well
using.
"+-"-+"
In
receiver
umber
thin glue size; lay on
with
very
cloths and
appliwipe dry after cation.
woolen
the
transmitter
said.
end
at
by
its opposite
at
is
A
wire
to
Run
road,
puzzled
No.
let it touch
into
ft. distant
200
person
ephone
tel-
case
receiver
to
receiver.
talks
into
us
salt
Device.
ocher
transmitter
one
hole
large phonograph
a
ft. of
case
not
solution
be
can
gone,
strong
some
will
process
Amusement
batteries.
being careful
of the
diaphragm
end.
pouring
ammoniac
the
far
too
try it.
Simple
watch
a
are
transmitter,
a
horn,
and
BATTERIES.
simply
boring a small
the composition on
top of each
TELEPHONE
A
Fasten
feet.
imr-.
TELEPHONE
or
the
on
by
and
sal
shown
as
up
afford
will
three
not
DRY
batteries, if not
Dry
renewed
TRANSMITTER
and
when
RENEWING
AND
IT.
Dt=
The
be
may
polishing shoes
kink
rigged
apparatus
amusement
form
to
which
dust
from
the
drop
provided, also,
may
shoe.
wish
VENTRILOQUIST
illustration
all
off calling the
MECHANICAL
An
into
When
underneath
box
catch
through
A
in.
2
room.
and
police, ringing
the bell and
flashirg the light and only have
it fire the pistol.
can
you
projects
"
for
this
If you
protection.
sure
leave
do
little to
very
to
folds
and
chain
a
dropped down
pulls the foot rest out
into
a
position and
arm
supports
hinged
re-
ograph
phondrop the
will
handy.
very
about
the
in
shown
cabinet
wall
only
with
one
they
cost
the
shoes
own
one
sketch
This
the
start
time
same
the
the
that
so
INET.
CAB-
his
shines
like
nect
con-
the
Pig. 1,
"
who
man
cabinet
a
in
directly
connect
with
"
thing
any-
calling
consequently
little ingenuity
a
the
and
the
ceiver
rephonograph,
the
the
telephone so that when
of
weight
Place
transmitter
or
find
Will
Pa.
BOOT-BLACKING
A
hook,
Any
connect
It
its
Make
wish.
falls it will
the
at
police.
can
or
it.
phone
the weight
receiver
"Fire," ".Murder,"
Fig. 1, and
of
when
a
yon
on
the
and
telephone
your
it with
reiver
it
on
please
you
front
call
to
want
cheap phonograph
small,
a
with, "Police."
anything
the
if yon
addition,
police, gel
record
boy
The
in
MAKE
TO
tributed
Con-
space."
J. Slattery, Emsworth,
by W.
of wood;
HOW
springs; B, block
teries:
C, C, C, C, wires; D, bell; E, lamp; F. batthe wires
to which
G, G, G, " '",screws
A,
A,
uninhabited
of
out
seemingly
and
next
an
our
"Mechanics
month
article
will
on
Light,*'and
Both
stories
something
"How
"How
will
for
appear
to
the
interesting and
America"
other
Make
to Make
give
Young
among
a
a
Small
Rabbit
young
things
Search
Trap."
mechanic
practical to make.
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
28
currents
moving
The
shown.
as
box-paddle,
with
each
and
keeps
the
the
velocity of
as
the
water
according
First
water.
to
huh
or
K.
at
the
The
wide
30
and
the
into
the
the
P.
are
and
have
get
is
of
be
again
belt
it.
Or
case
hub
bored
that
is
the
rim,
and
if
secured
are
boxes
the
as
in
end
4
an
opening
water
to
of
hub,
wheel
tin
each
The
a
or
of
as
hub.
case
case
used
good
a
of
good
blacksmith
a
right length,
to
off
other
every
be
to
necessary
three
This
spokes.
base
with.
work
to
for
bought
an
way
it is, removing
will
strong
be
has
in,
a
little
very
water
the
an
ing
open-
to
out,
as
against
revolve,
T,
and
R, and
the
over
The
rivets
water
To
so
front
that
the
of
the
are
used
force
is
to
from
with
discharge contacts
S, causing the wheel
in posibowl
tion,
bringing the next
pipe T, and
force
shown.
bowl-shaped
fastened
are
or
with.
four
ends, the
direct
Screws
fast
make
sheet
at
the
except
crosses
opening.
of
as
off
spokes, at the
fixed. They
tins are
these
spoke
wood
spoke. These
'discharge
let the
very
can
into
after
sawed
be
bored
same
in.
within
Fig. 4.
let the
holes
with
sides
square
it is necessary
Sometimes
wheel
to
into
of
a
ditions.
con-
purpose.
and
spokes
every
the
the
from
at
they are cast to the junk heap.
times
if
Thus
they are given away.
Many
the
in
of wheel
were
pattern
we
making
would
Fig. 6, all the spokes of the wheel
common
boxes
the
about
2 in. deep.
run
metal,
and
to
are
about
to
paddle
of
not
spokes
it as
it
is
hardwood
fact, a
sawing
perhaps
two
you
wheels
money
Fig.6
the
the
wTith
adjoining
inserted
secure
use
hub,
suit
hardwood
as
this
a
for
wheel
a
and
cutting
to
In
necessary
off
The
of
first
hub
of
are
hub
is to
get
to
Or
wheel
wheel.
do
gives
Then
the
and
shaft
made
spokes
are
wheelwright
the
a
the
them
or
is made
rounded
in
to
saw
the
a
design, wrhich
usually
wheel
be
the
carriage
spoke.
to
of
agency
wheels,
on
can
and
get
hub
common
a
spokes
to
old
circuit
quite
transmitted
materials
other
fixed
in
made
way
fitted
be
another
The
wheel
the
These
the
who
been
ple
It is sim-
it.
may
the
with
the
of
case
the
holes
are
the
have
generating
through
Then
spokes
from
which
collected.
block,
around
hub
of
Several
wheel
of
of
capable
constructed
the
hand,
the
end
ends.
Fig. 6 is shown
be
may
of
shaft
device
easily
adjusted
extends
the
to
one
The
paddles
P.
In
are
of
the
pattern
power,
some
can
boxes
in.
wheel.
shaft
To
satisfaction
to
belt
4
mortised
pulley for carrying
The
journals for supporting
the
wheel
adjusted between
this
and
degree
a
will
about
this
The
fixed
the
made
able
hub
are
is secured
key.
a
is
belt
shaft
center
in
or
there
the
as
before,
section
N.
and
hub,
pins
of
The
marked
is
shaft
to
M.
is marked
shown
paddle
view
Fig. 5 is another
with
erated
gen-
paddle,
as
wooden,
They
are
in. long.
is
wheel
wagon
with
made
hub.
through
Gf?^3
or
or
brick
is usually
power
the
wood,
of
carriage
paddles
The
do.
is
the
striking
is
the
on
up
affair
wheel
and
water
hub
discarded
hub
Fig.4
The
plain paddles
by
set
The
indicated.
basement.
the
four
make
we
of two
center
in
usually
is
case
as
masonry,
pieces of hardwood
and
bolted together
protected with flanges
The
two
either side.
pieces can be sawed
on
the
fitted
boards
and
from
together with
hub
The
bored
for the shaft
hole
through.
for the
The
spokes
is applied to the shaft.
the
The
l.
at
tacts
con-
H, in turn,
at
revolving
wheel
tbe
into
wheel
the
portion of
lower
the
so
the
on.
is extended
the
bowl
The
to
rope
the
belt
device
is marked
to be
driven.
POPULAR
MECHANICS.
MECHANICS
HOW
MAKE
TO
Ten
years
kind
only
unless
the
wanted,
there
and
FROM
discovered
it
The
the
was
of
was
evidences
it.
the
articles
clock
antique
and
were
about
ages
CLOCKS
MATERIALS.
ago
AMERICA
FOR, YOUNG
"ANTIQUE"
UP-TO-DATE
29
value
no
of
the
people
the
advent
antiques,
the
novel
but
well
the
at
demand
The
base
in
or
the
only kind desired.
and
junk business
furniture
business
There
were
in
men
who
made
had
an
and
good
at
old
clock
for
Many
but
heirlooms,
in
were
remunerative
owners.
The
sale.
grandfathers
great
our
prices
loth
were
to
of
sold
fully
wonderand
makers,
which
a
affair
turned
Some
sell
from
proper
is
and
the
is
clock
finished.
out
usually
a
fixed
Clocks
of
cost
erected,
a
on,
thereof
this
ridiculously low
at
little
for
the
woods
rustic
framework
for
be
constructed
simplest
pine
over
the
dollar
a
clock.
The
portion,
separate
cialty
spe-
the
auy
clocks
demand
the
to
old-
tique
an-
a
the
old
clocks
from
buying
farming
districts, or wherever
one
of
the
men
the
of
remote
duce
pronew,
farmhouse
the
to
to
as
of
the
clocks
and
the
each, aside
the
sold
are
clocks
began
lines
prices
of
the
can
prices.
clock
good
foundation
and
order
the
piece of
we
of
and
or
facture
manu-
commenced.
are
order,
makers
new,
These
the
to
furniture
on
cheapest
clocks
in
in
ago.
But
clocks
The
corner
century
led
wooden
entirely
constructed
fashioned
a
rustic
effects
clocks
and
deceived.
"built-up" antiques,
describe.
to
antiques,
were
these
of
published
papers
fraudulant
longer
no
of
about
and
was
the
"made-to-order"
cobwebs
old-timer
genuine
The
fraud.
about
part
inal
origwith
the
dazzling
prices
offered
caused
of the
rifice
people to sacmany
the
These
timepieces.
good old days
some
passed away
since, and
today
years
the
the
modern
supplies
market
wood-worker
some
"antique"
of
and
attractive
more
and
cabinet-maker
the
deficiency by putting on
home-made,
up-to-date forms
that
far
clocks
are
cheaper,
the
useful
than
old
the
styles.
The
first
antique
innovation
furniture
to
clocks.
Men
closely, and
making
request.
of
sale
the
was
the
then
occurred
began
could
men
appear
active.
of
Then
the
aged,
for
old
for
stains
proper
manufactured
clocks, and
"copy"
the
inet-makers
cab-
imitations
produce
apply the
materials
when
employing
fraudulent
manufacture
who
These
genuineness
men
in
were
numbers
a
time
the
people suspected the
undersold
clocks, and
often
entire
not
fixed
combination
to
the
framework
is sold.
Some
until
of
the
the
finished
un-
and
frames
are
unique
pine clock
rustic
and
in the
mer
sumappropriate for use
homes.
of one
of
Figure 1 is a sketch
the
of clocks
of this
cheaper forms
style,
POPULAR
30
which
in
the
and
with
rubbed
from
of
manufacturer
The
rustic
he. erects
These
works
of
maker
little
The
the
the
obtains
the
in
2
frequently
in
seen
service
wise
likeTbe
knows
the
order
in
pared
pre-
the
clock
rustic
for
clocks
he
and
styles
clock-maker's
or
tallic
me-
therefore
the
of
the
These
order
faces,
of
and
position
one
porches,
on
desired.
is
bis
portion
running
in
placing
Figure
the
dozen.
a
are
mechanism
clock,
clocks
for
frame.
clock
the
of
parts
of
clock-maker.
wooden
concerning
this
of
pendulums
the
by
and
clock
the
for
hands.
and
clock
number
a
time, say
then
places
and
supplied
well
glaze
same
clock-maker
a
the
makes
at tbe
frames
with
its
the
description usually
are
When
a
tinish
tions
sec-
with
polishing compositions
gloss is obtained.
gloss retains
for a long time.
until
treated,
so
made
bamboo,
merely
for
is
the joints being made
bamboo
The
surfaces
wiring.
of
pins
framework
MECHANICS.
works
the
made
are
to
the
is
a
the
with
bark
still on,
Goodly
pleasing.
from
entirely
for
only the
fitting over
and
the
numbers
sell.
The
values
three
dollars, counting
of
and
attached
effect
is very
this
pattern
and
low,
run
woods
for
two
The
a
the
for
and
good
chimney
providing
a
sketch
3
the
some
they
clocks
The
hands
are
often
the
The
for.
in
design
interest.
clocks
The
old
"new"
one
is
able
of
their
that
the
novel
of
as
and
to
since
the
industry
find
men
of
feature
rule,
a
are
placing
of
etc., to
opening
in
who
the
Tbe
try
coun-
make
a
specialty of the different parts of the clocks.
"old
several
there
were
In one
city where
and
one
designers
manufacturers
clock"
and
bis
ingenuity
is
energies
devoting
man
up
Fig.
past few
years
service
of
railway
advertise
6,
usually
and
clocks
in
are
pensive
ex-
is
as
The
clock-
clocks
hotel
for
offiVes,
big
firms.
usually
built
suggested
in
advertising
being
"his-
a
more
advertiners
of
clock
plain
believe
"old"
imitation
thereupon.
made
the
products
the
cause
be-
Fig. 5.
from
lines,
rule
intend
with
the
is
without
such,
stations,
wood
a
guests
of
demands
elaborate
marked
these
the
advertising
on
clocks
as
simply
and
as
in
in
that
their
is shown
had
It
nearly
"antique"
an
age
have
that
appearance,
the
of
that
may
dollars.
clocks
homes
purse.
rendered
he
few
order
the
for
arate
sep-
is
his
chemicals
making
clock
have
makers
antique
another
forms
crowns,
clock
modern
the
at
One
tory."
clock
states
their
intent
of
his
the
On
elaborateness,
extent
a
clock
work.
however,
purchase
the
low,
the
wood
people,
clock-maker
any
During
portions,
the
old
buyers
mounted
work
the
with
relate,
for
astonishingly
deceive
cost
a
to
ornament
to
likewise
crown
in
clock
antique
clocks
desires
one
are
ornamented.
or
assist
furnishes
in
if
and
at
the
rates
treating
of
intended
are
by
every
in
designed
service
they
the
crown
ing
engrav-
artist.
out
customer
hand,
pleasing
are
and
way
to
the
of
insertion
woods
the
faces
at
the
lection.
se-
decorated
decorated
of
grinding
corner
other
"old"
is
one
disk,
The-
base.
is
this
clock
wood
get it to tbe
may
he
desires
to have
If
specially
for
the
it done
of
The
usually
corner
studio,
and
Figure
and
the
of
artistic
maker
of
for
proper
the
in
faces
hands.
big
the
clock
idea
modern
fixed
thing
some-
special
of
the
or
the
it some
the
capable
is
he
have
to
line
of
be
may
pendulums
purchase
hallway
people
When
clocks
a
clocks
The
with
varies
obtained.
effect
like
Dollar
without
top
4
He
crowns.
portion,
the
is otherwise
developing
secured.
be
can
clock, of course,
the
frame
the
in
of
is desired.
what
outfit
good
very
cost
his
or
and
only,
in
Figure
crowns.
of
crown
to
has
usually
clock
one
frame
of
expense
of
of
drawing
with
makes
constructed
frames
designing
if
house,
material
advertising
letters.
made
up
Some
to
use
is
is
of
in
POPULAR
connection
with
The
the
well
and
attractive
are
usually
One
of
the
best
manufacturers
goods
of
of
wins,
and
store
other
or
there
take
odd
times
on
from
"
not
first
set
of
possesses
genius
engine
steam
to
access
his
small
a
materials
which
himself
will
made
in
of
works
in
perfectly.
sewing
a
then
sand.
The
metal,
which
he
stove.
The
gine
en-
cook
a
It
of
power
horse-
patterns,
babbitt
in
though
Burr
operate
own
parts
ladle
a
and
a
have
not
one-half
a
his
cut
various
were
at
shop
engine
net-makers'
cabiheated
himself
does
Howard
for
the
he
crude.
0., built
molded
mechanical
build
machine
be
He
natural
can
though
even
ENGINE.
is
ings
cast-
shown
the
in
time
extra
is
the
making
profit is derived
"
"
A
Roman
Painting
at
who
inventive
boy
STEAM
TOOLS.
work.
LETTERING
is
A
and
A
FEW
Whenever
by
considerable
a
the
dial
the
money
a
BUILT
WITH
that
the
work.
slow,
runs
and
of
BOY
machine.
in
employed
are
line
into
clocks
men
this
of
some
A
right
it is desired
In
HOW
Leon,
ous,
conspicu-
where
place.
work
converted
the
are
advertised
places
regular
clocks
and
system
a
liberally
place
raffle
these
stores
is
:u
look
raffling off
and
The
be
can
the
fairs, in
numbers
etc.
the
chines.
ma-
to
patronage
is from
Often
places.
"guessing"
number
made
of
church
other
of
lines
have
the
at
be
can
for any
as
place, and
freely ornamented,
they
of the furnishings.
really part
are
penny-in-the-slot
clocks
they
MECHANICS.
CLOCK
DIAL.
characters
such
task
be imagined.
In fact, if
and
instruments
drawing
the
proportions
a
clock
as
might
on
difficult
a
letters, it
is
has
one
a
properly
really
very
simple.
The
letters
The
equal
should
"X,"
the
broad
and
equal
of
have
small
camel's
paint
thinned
work
well
ruling
pen
to
brush
a
plus
one
inch
or
half
the
be
After
the
off
pencil, outline
in
and
fill in
the
letters
would
the
to
of
the
gives sharp
be
hands
Contributed
photograph
black
Using
pen.
impossible
enced
inexperi-
an
Howard
a
consistency
proper
which
with
gloss
using
outline
Ind.
"I"
"X's."
ruling
in
one-
the
the
the
person."
Wagoner,
the
inch
letters
should
brush,
to
in
edges
straight
with
hair
an
inch
"V's"
ruling pen
a
of
one-half
The
laid
been
with
them
as
space
three-sixteenths
making
"X."
lows:
fol-
as
a
breadth
is
one-quarter
an
and
between
thus
breadth
same
letters
the
space
to
"I"
"X"
be
will
the
inch,
breadth
proportioned
an
one-half
"I"
sixteenth
space
be
of
is, if the
that
broad,
the
should
breadth
by S. L. Hatfield,
Ter.
In
"" ""
make
plate, then
of
with
a
that
flood
chlorid
10
per
made
it with
of
cent
screen
a
10
barium,
per
and
solution
to
dry,
results, says
to
superior
bought,
of
and
fix
bars
tion
solu-
any
this
One
a
perfect
Photo-Beacon.
gine
en-
young
The
then
then
made
The
made
and
true
and
emery
tools
house,
and
engine
smaller
one
and
and
anything
else."
The
made
steam
valve
steam
a
oil.
I
may
worked
at
grinding
the
built
found
be
it
mostly
is
2
a
cylinder
at
it
keeping
HOWARD
valve
and
seat
tight by
has
Patience
slide
brass.
was
turning
cylinder
the
as
and
by
deep groove
tight by winding
piston
that
the
parts
rod,
of iron
out
packing.
with
cent
of
inventor.
the
such
eccentric
sawed
were
with
follow
chlorid
its
inquiry
metal;
rod,
cylinder is brass.
dry
a
with
our
babbitt
of
connecting
with
screen,
be
can
Allow
magnesium.
focusing
focusing
a
finest
Engine
follows:
"I have
replies as
letter asking for a description of how
your
I built my
steam
The
engine.
castings are
was
To
to
Hia
builder
in it and
SCREENS.
and
together
response
casting solid and
FOCUSING
the
Burr
1*4
is
at
night.
in.; the
2
x
gine
en-
about
x
more
in.
1%
than
'BURR.
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
MECHANICS
HOW
TO
MAKE
TWO
A
FOR
WINDMILL
HORSEPOWER
ONE
OF
OR
PRACTICAL
FOR
center
Size
PURPOSES.
cut
of
4
are
A
windmill
two
the
home,
the
for
highly
hub
for
constructed
being
expense
results
The
be
may
one-half
from
developing
horsepower
and
small
very
and
for
hub, lining, shaft
spokes
and
blades, is to go to a wheelwright's
wheel
carriages,
wagons
of the
rear
uected
the
in
a
will
wheel
from
diameter
be
parts
thereof
in
hole
6 in.
be
often
hub
A, like B.
center
the
for
sheet
the
on
These
Each
spokes.
receive
the
which
force
when
enough.
the
Secure
for
is then
should
be
to
the
blades
so
to
as
angle,
an
wheel
pressure
of
sizes
of
the
at
the
blades
the
The
wind
wind
the
to
is
volve
re-
strong
the
spokes
Bend
using little metal
cleats, C and D.
metal
of the
strips to suit the form
by
these
spokes
then
and
insert
flatten
the
against
screws
to
the
blades
fasten
the
and
cleats
to the
wood.
If sheet
metal
blades
rivets
should
be
used
for
fastening
them.
stand
for
the
wheel
shaft
is shown
The
are
used,
in
the base
Fig. 2. Arrange
piece in platform
This
is more
order, (J).
fully shown
in Fig. 5.
On
top of this base
piece, which
is about
36 in. long, place the seat
or
ring
for the
The
seat
circular
revolving table.
at I, Fig. 1.
is indicated
This
ring is like
an
inverted
cheese
box
"
and
ready
capacity
causes
"
Adjust
is tilted
one
cover
Fig.1
three
from
for
a
or
them
extend
the
not
in
hub
or
shaft.
room
the
of
adjustment
two
blades
to
in
rests
does
should
The
hardwood.
of
amount
H
however,
made
in.
shaft,
wheel
thin
or
according
vary
and
they
The
blades.
metal
may
wheel
that
so
piece
so
and
4
shaft.
secured
them
arrange
X-shaped
X-form,
in
vantage.
point to ad-
secure
2-in. hole
by putting
metal
and
pins through hub
the
spokes
by boring holes
may
The
each
fans
be
may
wooden
a
the
about
metal
a
rim.
at
turn
con
axle
cannot
you
A
tin
wind
surfacing
to
wheel,
for
hub,
long.
the
base
ing,
noth-
for
the
needed
case
the
smooth
a
get
mill
the
also.
piece
the
axle, and
from
for
for
receive
the
soldering
times
shop. Some-
an
hardwood,
through
bored
and
same
In
of
and
1%-in.
or
shaft, the
and
wo
for
tin
the
of
tinner.
rig.
discarded
spokes
do.
old
some
of
The
piece
a
of
wheel,
a
four
Thus
sides
made
by
a
shoulders
the
number
Remove
Fig. 1.
bearings
axle
dollar
a
get
parts.
all but
as
half
can
to
shoulder
by
The
in.
35
and
high
made
be
can
chase
pur-
a
blacksmith's
average
for
you
and
always
are
as
It
outside,
The
is
revolving fan wheel
One
to get both
good way
first constructed.
the
with
satisfactory.
the
the
There
the
on.
at
out.
ring
in.
Form
to
AMERICA
YOUNG
with
the
stow
is
this
in
pieces of
arranged
make
This
2-in.
mortise
them
secure
made
about
3
the
into
in.
wide,
to
cross
other
the
two
^
qp
r^
n
vFi,4
join,
pieces
so
to
as
uprights
the
Adjust
wheel
the
of
pieces
two
joint.
sustaining
is
When
one
good
a
the
X.
it
Fig. 5, where
in
part
plank,
that
so
letter
a
for
sketch, but
S.
marked
33,'
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
shaft
X
the
to
are
E, E, Fig. 2. These
4x4-in.
pieces of wood, hard
pine preferred,
securely set up in the X-pieces
planed and
the
Make
the
same.
by mortising into
shaft
in the uprights
for the wheel
bearings
pieces
and
shown
as
the
insert
The
shaft.
gearing
from
power
for
the
be
may
power
of
It is
purpose.
the
four
gears,
5
a
be
shaft
is metal,
the
to
the
shaft,
gear
the
it will
Gears
will
the
wheel
If the
set-screwed
be
may
be
of
get
pair of
G.
If
it.
to
keyed
or
is hardwood,
the
to
or
beveled
first
and
F
at
as
and
the
Adjust
gears
the
shaft.
a
diameter
in
required.
beveled
and
pulley
a
in.
and
below,
Fig.5
stallation
in-
for
for
specially erected
good plan to visit some
dealers
and
machinery
second-hand
about
be
next
building,
a
transmitted
stand
a
power
must
is intended
of
top
shaft
the
of
below
the
of
the
to
delivery
windmill
on
top
shaft
point
The
adjusted.
transmission
wheel
accessible
an
the
for
the
calculated
at
at
the
to
necessary
shaft
arrange
The
shaft
be
a
special connection.
may
sheet
and
this
metal
with
metal
wrapped
for
fastened
with
on
be
may
the
set-screw
The
upright
best
when
by
hole
shaft
from
extending
the
like
wheel
the
the
the
G, to
gear,
Passing
taken
at
to
in
hold
the
These
the
to
wheel
the
belt
to
tail
board
attach
This
the
of
cut
set
screws
enter
and
the
points
also
N
and
the
from
upright
in
to
use
be
of
4.
a
the
done
A
the
good
section
rear
is
trated
illus-
make
this
windmill
way
of
to
thin
upright, E
by boring a
upright and
inserting the shaft
In Fig. 4 is also shown
and
lumber
of
hole
of
the
Fig. 2.
in
the
the
piece.
tail-
process
The
T, and
marked
Provide
shaft
middle
in the
through.
and
causes
The
ring
nailed
the
X-piece S is bored
the upright shaft
and
tin
X-piece
wheel's
the
ring
U.
The
timbers
to the
the
mill.
of
the
change.
to
secured
to
of
is made
is
the
boards
staging for
staging
volves
re-
alters
wind
the
are
latter
This
readily
very
position
base
ring is
or
run-way
this ring, whenever
and
is
device
wheel
entire
The
Fig. 5.
in
through
gear
the
for
platform
shown
sides
two
the
shaft,
pressed upon
firmly in place. The
are
the
the
from
the hub
The
shaft.
R, to the
gear,
a
holding
thus
passes
necessary
this
fastening
platform,
board
it to
may
shown.
from
the
power
horizontal
shaft.
power
metal.
be
as
use.
Fig.
is to
M
pulley, P, with
or
carry
in
should
gears
the
lower
point of
The
for
is shown
now
shaft
beveled
transmit
shaft
the
It
This
place.
Secure
reach
to
L.
arrangement
up
low.
point be-
shaft
Fig. 3 the shaft is again
through the
passes
is rigged
device
shown, which
P
and
the shaft
delivery wheel
off at K.
up
is
shown
is received
shaft
The
below.
is
a
the
object is to have
the power
point where
service
gear
shaft
shaft
This
The
to
the
passing a pin through
shaft.
and
the
through
metal.
of
Then
screws.
attached
porting
supin
shown
The
view.
ring with
Fig. 6, in a sectional
is
the
marked
X-piece
is
V,'
its X-piece
for the part, and
the base
marked
W, and
the
is
top of the
made
of
stage
2x4-in.
X.
is marked
stock.
The
The
stage
height
may
34
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
vary,
according
affair
is set
will
But
llie
the
necessary
benefit
the
from
some
use
height
high
up
the
force
of
obtained.
be
can
for
other
uses
to
Make
TO
MAKE
A
RATS
From
off
for
as
the
by 8 in.
in.
boards
new
pine fence
long and
of
the
the
size
board
trap
door.
in.
old
brass
wire
be
it may
or
wood
of
sheet
a
of
and
required
the
around
brass
of
boxwood,
pass
stout
blocks
sides
of
thin
D, Fig.
pieces of
of the blocks
through the middle
Exactly through the middle
sides
of the cylinder drill holes
just
trunnions.
the
that
large
so
rabbits.
scare
fit the
work,
if desired.
small
1, to
of
boards,
bend
Shape
for
another
and
Use
cut
6
one
little
a
cylinder
a
and
it.
ft.
end
for
RABBITS.
MICE.
6-in.
2i/"
pieces
square
4
FOR
AND
old
an
four
TRAP
4-volt
a
pleasure
put
HOW
LIGHT.
SEARCH-
materials
are
Proceeding on the plan of the
in Fig. 6, a stage of
'stand, as shown
considerable
SMALL
light
required for a small searchlamp of the loop variety,
thin
for
sheet
brass
the
cylinder, copper
When
brass
piping and
tubing for base
the
lie titted to
completed
searchlight may
small
boat
will
and
afford
a
a
great amount
The
wind.
derrick
A
device.
to
of
MAKE
ing
stag-
direct
wheel
the
get
receive
the
support
TO
HOW
If the
the
shed,
or
constructed
be
to
to
the
is
it will
timbers
long
requirements.
barn
a
stage
ground,
enough
of
on
sufficient to
be
if
to the
up
the
when
trunnions
the
blocks
cemented
are
containing
the
to
cylinder
Z IN.
A
Fig. 1 shows
should
inside.
1
Nail
and
wide
and
6
a
strip
on
on
the
the
the
top
the
sides
board
top
the
hole
to
so
from
of
game
inside
the
put
for
for
from
the
of
the
crotched
a
Bore
on.
door
inches
the
lever
the
back
heavy
2.
The
wire
in
door
and
of
stick
from
trap
trunnions.
should
the
articles
America."
Boy
we
printed
Do."
Two
made
by
hole
out
in
work
must
a
Fig.
easily
Carl
Baum,
"
"
shall
"Mechanics
in
be
in
a
gold mine
book
for
of
the
false
a
shown
lamp
It
the
in
best
has
lamp
been
the
of
means
should
is
slightly into
project
after
small
1, the
Fig.
be
soldered
to
solder
wires
to
the
the
wire
before
the side
cementing
cylinder.
small
Turn
circle of wood,
a
A, Fig. 2,
inside
fasten
the cylinder to fit exactly and
to it a piece of mirror, C, Fig. 2, exactly
the
size to serve
same
as
reflector. Painting
a
the
trunnions
inside
wood
the
white
with
brightly
polished
purpose.
On
fasten
form
Young
"Things
der
cylin-
between
creating
so
should
and
blocks
blocks
In
issue
contact
and
position by
the
that
It will
Can
be
shown
manner
trap
Contributed
1st
top of
the
in
placed
wooden
lever
for the
in
to pass
through.
the box
bore
the
"
June
On
in
hole
trunnion
cylinder,
not
can-
a
of
trunnion,
door
bore
of
loosely.
Valparaiso, Ind.
"
board
top
another
trigger, which
of
The
the
front.
chance
no
circuit.
to
middle
and
rest
the
a
back
board
open
should
the
at
is
and
and
back
board
Trap
there
the
on
project
the
at
The
bottom
high
Babbit
It
.uet out.
In
the
in.
Good
made.
boards
boards
in.
door
is
bottom
than
one
push
box
side
is set
2 in. shorter
and
the
and
top
beyond
board
be
in.
The
in.
end
4
be
how
cannot
a
the
small
enamel
metal
back
brass
of
or
a
will
"piece of
serve
the
the
piece of wood
handle,
B, Fig. 2, so
it may
for cleaning.
readily be removed
front of cylinder place a piece of magnifying
If a piece to fit
glass for a lens.
be obtained, fit a glass like a linen
tester
fit the
to
a
small
cylinder.
disc
If
of
wood
magnifying
or
brass
glass
to
can
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
36
kites
style
to
used
with
kite
a
the
all
make
of
folks, look
the
caricature
One
of
sticks
paste
will
Kites
the
on
with
bend
of
kind
of
a
is
fly
butter-
the
in
each
Bend
an
string to
strong
of
one
paper
surface
with
Then
weight.
the
and
cloth.
colored
when
hexagonal
the
to
of
end
end
stick
each
described
hemisphere
the
of
these
the
of
thread
to
stick,
the
other
done,
fasten
arcs
the
will
end
on
should
exact
an
size, curvature
two
thread
tie
frames
overlap
one
each
at
the
with
the
which
the
opposite
of
and
weight.
together
other
so
as
that
shown
up
paper.
fine
to
tach
flight. At-
in
is
is
ready
the
in
the
and
youth
air
in
kite
boy
the
for
high
the
be
bered
remem-
is the
better
two
frame,
end
he
tance
dis-
long, should
and
the
for
serve
body; another
legs
should
the
spine and
straight stick forms
first
side.
the
Now
the
in
will
and
American
it should
fly. To construct
ZM"
straight sticks, say
larger
and
standing
boy
the
boy
vest
attention
the
that
of
the
and
kite
splendid sport
springtime.
a
is
coat
attracts
always
making
In
fly.
to
the
striped trousers,
gay
mon
com-
With
kite.
design
light colored
the
to
coffin-shaped
interesting
With
affords
arched
two
have
counterpart
kite.
each
end
other
the
near
to
other
the
corresponding
you
each
in
point
a
tied
were
frames,
and
the
from
strings
This
ends
free
from
leaves
over
free, hooking
thread
by the
another
tie
Now
stick.
inches
This
stick.
the
of
three
about
point
a
other
other
it is attached
or
kite
tail,your
Another
string
the
show
kite
the
as
manner
same
the
a
sticks
the
"belly-band" to the curved
the
in
hole
in the
a
punching
paper
by
of
of
top
on
decorations
paper
advantage
end
%-
than
more
together with
kite is dry decorate
them
the
When
paper
Black
other
little
a
press
in
paint or strips of colored
paper
effects
The
best
design you
fancy.
may
are
by pasting pieces of
produced
any
the
the
keep
to
it is pasted.
when
wrinkling
and
paste with a small brush
overlaps
wide
apart around
angles
with
it
a
all
at
and
inches
two.
about
paper
curves
soft
and
a
cut
scissors
the
make
stick
of
pair
a
of
top
on
securely with
in
inch
each
frame
the
around
leaving about
frame,
paper
slits
Cut
for
half-inch
pasting.
margin
from
paper
the
Distribute
of
the
a
the
the
end
yellow, brown,
a
lay it on
down
frame
the
select
color;
other
place
and
the
the
form
Then
want,
you
any
or
it, holding
kite
thin
get two
length.
end
one
color
blue, white
flat
all
this
make
the
These
cross.
near
that
so
"smellers."
the
or
frames
intersect,
will
wires
or
them
attach
and
wing
the
sticks
the
antennae,
and
paper
any
of
part
top
wires,
short
two
or
the
to
straws
can
Just
straws
but:
broom
heavy
two
secure
the
make
To
thread.
securely with
terfly's head,
points
intersecting
the
Bind
sketch.
the
where
grown
desire.
equal
tying
arc,
the
shape.
prettiest of
To
kite.
that
even
any
paper
you
the
of
grandfather
playmates
your
wonderment.
in
nearly
right and
paint
then
and
boys,
of
sticks
the
and
is
old
the
on
fly; surprise your
new
design, one
on
made
be
time
father
your
March
boys, for
kites
ready,
your
Don't
waste
your
Get
them
Make
to
Fishing
Jtig
here.
How
and
Kinds
Many
of
Kites
J
AMERICA
YOUNG
FOR
MECHANICS
be
about
get
arms,
feet
the
a
3
head
circle
2
feet
a
fourth
inches
by
about
4
long.
bending
7
feet
inches
straight
Make
a
inches
For
long.
stick
the
frame
light tough
in
the
diameter.
3
about
for
stick
in
Bind
it tightly with
its center
through
and
Then
spine.
tack
circle
stick
crosses
spinal column
Wrap
exactly in the center.
with
strong-
sticks
that
body.
The
the
thread
should
6
about
the
be
inches
column,
six
inches
and
two
inches
slits
other
and
the
ends
where
head
is pasted
and
the kite
dry, paint the
buttons, hair, eyes, hands, feet, etc., as you
desire.
See
the
Fig. 3.
Arrange
"belly
to
side
that
so
and
tail
extremities
of
feet.
the
of
the
both
hand
the
stick
and
joints
otherwise
Fasten
on
the
at
the
a
string
stick
and
in
shown
sides
head
the
to
column,
of
the
the
all
evenly
lopsided.
be
frame,
ning
begindistances
equal
the
indicated
as
2.
Fig.
sides
the
other
of
that
see
To
cover
pieces
of
suit
of
your
the
arm-
spinal
strings
wide.
both
that
cut, being careful
in measurements.
correspond
of
the
cover
paper
to
kite, select
suit your
taste,
different
and
after
colors
ing
past-
the
on
together, lay the paper
out
on
floor and
it, cut
placing the frame
Leave
the
an
edge of y2 inch all
pattern.
slit in this edge every
and
around
make
a
them
The
paste
upon
the
out
the
around
frame,
leaving
make
to
edge
at
6
or
7 inches
angle.
each
the
head
the
are
get
for-
slit in the
a
every
and
slits
Don't
inch.
%
edge
an
two
inches
of
apart, as in the case
After the
boy kite.
the
kite
is
as
paper
dictates.
dry, paint
your
the
fancy
sticks
the
and
to
color
be
should
boiled.
on
kite
together
paste
quite 1-3
down,
kite
cut
Then
it.
it
hold
paper
of
and
water
the
of
frame
Around
To
taste.
to
weights
as
frame
of
overlaps not
the
Lay
paper
the
different
paper
or
your
the
bound.
and
tacked
tissue
and
flour
seams
cate
indi-
with
balanced.
well
is
kite, first
the
lines
side of
point where
every
firmly
is
intersect
and
exactly
corresponds
each
that
so
other
careful
Be
sticks.
kite
measurements
Also
the
thread, and
or
the
Extend
the
from
both
on
run
kite
firmly
kite
the
may
in
slantingly
the
all
are
and,
lines
dotted
the
of
at
neck
spine
the
from
by
it
strings
right
spine
the
that
and
tied
arm
exact
with
angles
balanced;
at
is
stick
frames;
the
that
strings
actly
ex-
ing
regard-
foot
also'see
and
exercise
caution
equal
the
are
and
alike
the
represent
lower
the
frames
lines
both
hands
the
for
kite
and
to
and
stick
arm
dotted
attach
them
as
fastened
stick
leg
that
See
be
and
point
hoops
material
band
the
band"
nary
ordiin the
manner
as
string in the same
coffin-shaped kite.
the
The
is made
same
on
"lady kite"
The
frame
principle as the boy kite.
may
made
then
be
exactly as the boy kite and
"dressed"
with
tissue
to represent a
paper
in Fig. 4.
be
made
member
Reas
girl, or it may
either
Small
head.
and
crossed
same
should
frame
ends
the
of
the
two
apart. Tack
the
at
together
intersect.
they
stick
cross
the
make
legs
3 feet
are
stick
arm
angle;
around
apart
After
the
the
each
at
the
fastened
on
and
so
arm
tightly
on
for
serve
leg sticks
spinal
the
tack
and
to
are
stick
arm
of
the
the
that
the
on
the
under
inches
three
stick
arm
thread
strong
a
the
run
3?
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
Make
of
an
made
the
inch
floor, using
place
the
38
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
To
the
make
tlic
through
leg sticks, just
one
upon
each
the
through
limb
at
of
(oni
the
across
at
where
knot
the
the
two
that
so
up
The
tail
skirt
the
point
kite
the
string
tail
rules
general
the
to
The
tail
to
lady
look
as
the
Switzerland
coal
her
of
water
boundless
made
boy
are
kicking
and
feet
them
the
will
and
move
from
of
bottom
sway
the
idea
skirt.
The
with
each
motion
heat
Fishing
will
time
to
want
you
COMING
some
water
here
be
soon
have
SOON.
this
and
effect-
and
new
A
wire
of
track
be
this
the
cost
the
pull
conception
ive
methods
will
Mechanics
in
line"
for
line
that
each
jug
long
line
attach
fish
lines
in
the
with
of
you
to
the
can
line
a
jugs
row
let
held
sinks
out
or
jugs
To
sinkers
it, ready
in
the
to
down
to the
line
for
several
The
members
ble,
bob-
pull in
millions
lars
dol-
of
locomotives
engines.
will
work
The
the
ent
pres-
need
but
little
will
have
is done
only
for
CLUBS
THE
the
FAD.
fad
are
becoming
a
they have
already been
in England
and
Europe.
as
years
are
made
up
of
amateur
residing in different parts
who
country
follow
When
to
clubs
camera
country,
the
stream
to
and
this
short
outfit
hand.
commences
in
and
the
place
to
also
""
CAMERA
Postal
a
sure
of
more
it float
to
Be
corked.
proper
done,
or
POSTAL
the
long.
or
watch
and
boat,
row
attached
one
with
This
water
a
couple
equipped
hooks.
baited
two
feet
securely
a
"
processes
of
gests
sug-
only
but
few, and
"fireman"
his
own
trip.
"jug
especially adapted
is
30
is
tell
Fasten
about
Popular
different
will
it
fishing.
early
strong
describe
because
now
fish.
catching
issue, but
later
a
of
be
engineers
and
not
electric
steam
will
The
lever
the
current
locomotive
used,
of the
the
out
of
the
was
now
build
to
required
a
her
in
the
carry
to
expenditure
force
duce.
pro-
principle of our
which
prime reason
of coal
instruction.
to
tric
elec-
the
.
changes
cinders.
or
where
overhead
will
conducted
bold
necessary
throw
and
motives.
loco-
tremendous
except
stretched
the
will
avoid
tric
elec-
steam
be
smell, smoke
by a trolley, on
The
trolley cars.
save
the
of
plants.
small
which
wheels
practically nothing to
Switzerland
is doing
with
power
middle
the
costs
power
TIME
mous
enor-
mass
of the
will
feasible
not
This
FISHING
boilers
any
of
white
result
without
and
come
driving
great
a
the
plan is
The
kite.
year
some
The
feet
The
lighting her cities.
conceived
daring mind
fire under
which
line
tne
The
nish
fur-
and
placing
allowing
uable
val-
most
world.
the
whence
for
powers
factories
of
making
by
and
pasteboard
loose
hang
to
forms
clouds
tae
in
stiff
of
if dancing
great
at
the
lofty mountains
generators
electric
imported
in
of
of
pound
a
of energy.
ending source
rapidly being harnessed
turn
to
electricity
instead
own
possess
of her
snows
never
her
of
does
powers
falls
water
not
it is all
she
burn
boilers
does
own;
But
expense,
Recently
the
make
can
the
the
locomotive
their
coal.
kite.
You
TRICITY.
ELEC-
BURN
to
proposed
Swiss
under
in
apply
and
string
slack
hang
the
til
un-
Proposed on Sw-iss Railways
StartlingInnovation
the
of
bottom
string
attach
and
same
the
attaching
the
the
Let
The
center.
made
TO
LOCOMOTIVES
STEAM
a
the
below
kite
properly adjusted.
by tying a string
is
at
end
the
Tie
the
the
boat
row
load.
boat
good
a
a
up
other
intersect.
slide
it
sticks
at
band
can
is
band.
breast
tie the
strings
band
leg
the
breast
the
at
string
Attach
has
in
and
end
one
the
them
follows
dozenu
river
together
tied
other
length
pass
and
until
the
Fasten
same
fisherman
left
the
tie
Mississippi
thus
often
are
he
the
On
fish.
string
of
bottom
the
of jugs
the
at
the
leg stick;
band
you
down
or
the
shoulder.
to
string
the
at
first
left
the
to
hole
sticks
of
of
and
bottom,
arm
end
right shoulder.
string of the
the
right leg;
the
Of another
hoi
the
of
one
tie it to
and
end
side
Run
shoulder.
the
above
holes
side
each
upon
one
the
punch
band,
breast
paper,
forward
pictures
made
are
postal
in
from
a
from
to
they have
the
months
widely
taken.
negatives
cards, find the
few
each
collection
gives
separated
other
tographers
phoof
the
esting
inter-
The
prints
directly onto
thus
glimpses
localities.
of
secured
scenes
POPULAR
MECHANICS.
MECHANICS
SOMETHING
Many
FOR
BOYS
industrious
an
FOR
TO
lad
YOUNG
MAKE.
the
to
advanced
more
of metal
lias made
stands
for
fences
for
money
or
that
possible
room
sketches
Metal
the
among
under
come
to
shop.
present
some
The
few
a
brace,
making
After
these
is improved
the
the
to
curves
effect
brackets
with
coated
as
be
in
end
painted
few
times
Some-
design
pieces
shown
in
made
are
asphaltum
may
used.
be
can
a
boring,
by
of
the
Fig.
they
4.
are
the
or
Japan;
or
or
stained
any
sired
de-
shade.
modern
of
in
iron
adding
drill
bracket
for
the
for
arms
of
head
the
the
artistic
of
hand
common
a
brackets
brackets,
articles
of
construct
attic
or
profitable
more
lamps, gates, parts
gardens, supporting
signs, etc.,are
times
and
construction.
AMERICA
be
drilling lathe can
purchased
dollars and
for
operated by hand
the common
forms
of wood
manufacturing
brackets, shelves, boxes,
stands, etc.,but the
and
the
day of the scroll saw
cigar-box. wood
bracket
and
has
picture frame
given way
work
39
things
the
back
accompanying
of
the
that
a
articles
sible
pos-
to manufacture.
First, it is essential
light
of the
available, or a portion
there
is light, or
a
workshop
in the
moderate
yard.
Buy
a
a
and
vise
hammer
bending.
bending,
1
shows
how
metal
is
strips
about
eighth
of
though
an
of
the
are
anvil
would
railroad
20
at
C.
and
the
cured
se-
Metal
one-
The
of
iron,
base
of
a
is worked
bend
If
rounded
a
applied
is
process
This
is shown
iron
store, where
be
can
various
strewn
about.
A
long and
4 inches
in
always
inches
or
The
piece of
junk
be
can
section
of iron.
This
any
strip
shop or
wide
do,
same
piece
square
preferable.
B, cold.
at
needed.
dealers.
square
iron.
as
built
anvil,
The
strips
inch
a
at
the
junk
an
desired, the
in
Fig. 2
purchased
pieces are
be
hardware
thick
indicates
circular
the
will
make
the
at
half
corner
is
about
cost
inch
an
A
section
on
Often
low
sized
even.
the
at
works.
at
to
shoulder
secured
iron
bend
go
the
be
may
tools, including bell
cold
required for
into a forge for
hot
devices
getting
on
you
where
all
is
other
bend,
letter
other
this
If
Figure
the
few
a
and
be
room
cellar
piece
eter
diam-
bend
in the metal
begins
ments.
according to the requireor
sharp bends
Occasionally where
is
metal
corners
are
needed, the
abrupt
heated
previous to bending.
the worker
Although
produce various
may
The
is handy.
at
D
and
of
forms
is made
strip-metal
work,
the
bracket
a
will
rule, the
be
In
is,
The
profitable to handle.
is made
in Fig. 3, and
is shown
plain bracket
angle on
by bending the strip at the proper
is adjusted
the
brace
form
A, after which
A rivet hole
of rivets.
boring tool
by means
as
needed.
A
small
metal
turning
or
of
some
end
the
out
or
in
as
steel
about
in
the
of
2
length
Fig.
is
piece.
The
5.
as
inches
so
complete
a
that
shown.
in
This
use
The
diameter
it will
it
required,
work
the
shape
to
most
rest
or
may
be
of
a
and
is
of
at
on
iron
usually
several
firmly
essary
nec-
wrought
bar
bar
is
circle
loop
a
feet
base
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
40
of
wood
kind
it
is
of
a
From
cents.
gel
may
iron
the
junk
convenient
A
The
tools
form
wood.
can
used
Since
one
for
strip-
brackets,
be
of
signs
removed
in
public thoroughfares
quite a call for short
do
not
for
of
termed,
so
Fig. 7.
the
ing
requir-
projection
been
in
from
laws
and
size
ing
effect-
of
metal.
of
the
of
to
be
can
purpose
certain
from
has
backets,
brackets
out
the
strips
in
which
tool
a
introduction
the
cities, there
sign
for
bends
set-screwed
be
can
get
we
bench
of
that
shaping
for
required
the
series
cents.
caps
Thus
on
40
shop
side
the
that
so
the
of the
bending to the form
ing,
portions or lips for bor-
by
bar, allowing
any
about
junk
few
a
bar
for
of
pile
for
pieces
into
inelal
almost
dealers
metal
sheet
little practice,
a
describe
the
an
like bar
a
After
to
with
circle
DOUgb.1 al
be
E, by repeated
bar
hammer.
the
possible
is effected
bending
the
the
F, about
at
with
blows
Then
stone.
or
as
the
These
extend
hibited
ex-
three
than
more
A
building.
order
sign-supporting
boy
feet
take
can
ders
or-
signs in almost
city or
any
The
little canvassing.
with
large town
a
is merely
bracket
shown
sign supporting
a
Other
be wrought
designs
suggestion.
may
in
out
these
endless
needed
The
young
the
or
who
hook
sign.
undertakes
to
bracket, supports,
of
is
eye
or
the
in
ring
struct
con-
frames
like, will find that he will get many
for
contrivances,
lamp-supporting
shown
at Fig. 8. It is hardly necessary
orders
such
the
man
sort
any
A
variety.
to sustain
as
to
stands
details
into
go
as
connection
with
the
these
making
for
is bent
part
every
described
as
bending
in
and
forms,
the
at
the different
simply riveted
portions are
Both
iron and
rivets
are
junctures.
copper
used
sectional
at I, in
as
Fig. 9, a cross
view.
The
4
f
best
both
D
the
cases
rivet
soft
and
"^r^^MM^
in
a
Tz3lo
a
demand
illustrated
is
be
2
base
a
feet
With
square.
bar, H,
position
in
caps
the
wooden
from
2-inch
point
to
groove
ing
goug-
Rings
size
the
of
wood
the
bar
securely
retain
it
set-screwed
and
caps
Or
boxes.
can
should
there
groove,
may
be
be
been
if
caps
constructed
as
as
base
are
riveted
the
sinking
heaps, having
caps
or
the
the
but
modern
Crosses
base
for
the
the
ties
varie-
one
The
created
and
in
of
them.
ends
Fig. 10
The
describe
worked
different
the
and
is
top
butts
or
make
to
uniting
at
ends
the
of
has
cross-piece
plan
the
as
guards
many
return
guards
for
made
are
design and
readily with
are
costly
houses
rivets.
the
fected
ef-
rivets
are
in
the
shown, while
are
opened out to
forms
on
shaped
to
and
heading
sufficiently stiff by
with
some
bore
rivets.
these
made
are
looped
about
the
These
shaft
the
say
in
design
a
sides
two
to
ought
seat, by
depth into
over
base.
dealers'
available,
to
the
in
fitted
two
junk
its
order
In
shown.
a
half
one
trimmings
there
wood,
round
a
the
out
work
bar, forming
the
First
G, of hard
block,
chisel
in
Fig. 6.
at
general
and
fences, gates, arches,
in the
Copper
handled,
iron
for
show
posts
and
washer.
fireplace
we
used
are
In
rivet.
obtained
prices are
fireplaces made
these
The
days.
open
open
up
writh
Good
for
is headed
easily
compared
straight through
the
the
on
bore
insert
and
washers
again
rt99
is to
way
pieces
are
at
feet.
then
are
ed.
illustrat-
as
central
to
out
quite
shapes.
be
to
found
cast
are
Bologna
with
off
not
from
of
sausage
course,
12
meal.
corn
cents
the
is
now
The
imposition
a
pound
for
being
meal
consisting
meal.
ated
adulter-
is harmless,
in
ing
pay-
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
METAL
ORNAMENTAL
OPEN
FIREPLACES
AND
MAKE
TO
The
GUARDS
of
making
ring is by driving the protruding
level of
to the
common
lip down,
ished
the
giving us the finopposite point, thus
the
the
lips closed
on
ring with
These
at J, Fig. 4.
mandrel
be
as
rings can
turned
out in this way
speedily. The
very
cut,
HOW
fire grate
fronts
has
a
for
occupation
Not
long
houses
and
amusement.
than
this.
of
some
find
they
with
which
same
that
and
dealers
an
would
metal
do
in
of
is
of
buy
a
structed
con-
ware
hardtity
quan-
a
%-inch
iron,
fact, 1-16-
In
where
cases
many
as
strip
the
to
^-inch, ]/"-inch and
thick.
% to 3-16-inch
so
design
a
soon
sketch
a
go
become
and
as
circles
of
is to
out
from
devices,
front
or
way
iron
or
the
series
a
best
store
of
inch
bar
grates
again
Fig. 1 is
made.
The
about
for
market
Some
develop
can
sign.
de-
worked
his
present
and
they
ing
unit-
the
shape
is often
work
of
process
to
more
we
make
tools
the
plan
followed.
and
proficient that
they proceed.
of
some
fire
can
few
fire grate
metal.
of
and
the
design
ious
ingen-
wants
turn
in
windmills,
Therefore
patterns
made
are
of
form
to
rings
The
knickknacks
lad
modern
cash.
ready
a
little
desires
iron, with
scrap
as
The
the
have
boys
the
times.
the
juvenile
out
various
He
into
product
for
able
profit-
ahead
turn
to
for
sufficient
it was
ago
youth
toy
interesting and
boys in recent
very
involves
operation
next
be
to
proven
the
shaping
FOR
THEM.
metal
41
The
in size.
out small
parts are worked
Then
after
is very
metal
strong.
%-inch
in
stock,
getting the supply of strip metal
the
hammer,
usual
cheap
a
chisel,
cold
shaft
to
3' feet
B,
at
the
shaft
base
with
set
the
for
lag
sented
repre-
The
thick
2 inches
about
The
board
shown.
as
make
to
of
bent
are
grip the
screws
be
shaft.
iron
means
which
C, C,
tightly and
or
large enough
and
position by
in
should
base
is
metal
of
over
wooden
piece of iron
2.
Fig.
is held
straps
2
and
diameter
3 inches
This
long.
iron
The
a
iron, about
of
the
worker's
type of metal
vise, a
anvil, a 9-pound
round
a
file or two, and
piece
the
procure
good
a
support
bending
The
piece
of
process
is as shown.
rings in this way
with
the
Then
at D.
is
grasped
iron
strip
cold
woi'ked
is gradually
iron
the
hammer
at E until the perfect
the mandrel
as
about
the
of
strip at the
the
is
order
In
off.
cut
part
wooden
the
may
get
bolted
the
off
the
completed
ring.
with
blows
point
and
is
I
and
the
and
G.
the
The
upon
The
cold
position
strip is at
H.
of
the
where
The
shaft
chisel
the
final
base
clipping
is
chisel
cold
chip through
ring.
The
ring
bench.
a
the
same,
the
or
metal
at
grasps
operation
Fig. 1 is
various
mandrel
is indicated
hand
Tig^
several
delivering
by
to
the
release
to
ished,
fin-
is
the
steady
a
method
hammer
the
caused
is marked
of
be
Fig. 3 is shown
upright,
form
to
In
held
the
terminus
After
acquired.
is
form
in
fires.
a
design
purposes
The
series
rivet
between
With
thin
metal
of
front
grate
in
connection
of
rings
each
the
at
are
can
for
grate
united
by a
point.
joining
the
holes
used
with
be
punched
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
with
there
is
purchased
be
can
work.
and
erected
are
very
the
drilling
After
the
the
point of
of
drill
metal
and
a
brace
for
this
cheaply
parts
holes, the
inserted
rivets
Some
and
desired
as
of
shaping
first design.
the
of
process
the
that
in
half
circles
by
mandrel
with
the
this
in
the
it is necessary
fire
Then
ground.
blow
and
the
at
red
the
anvil
metal
cool
which
is
tin
wire
off
this
metal
be
the
circular
and
the
on
ground
design
another
The
at
The
there.
caused
blow
Fig. 8.
and
form
the
into
set
S
and
ting
cutis
the
over
quick,
The
is done
and
base
board
metal
the
high,
is
There
of
for
other
and
P
inches
7
shape.
in
as
is marked
oval
strip of
the
at
grasped
wide
inches
of
head
just
form
form
one-sided
a
R
to
wooden
8
about
with
cutting edge to penetrate
the piece. Bending
sever
wooden
a
The
forming
pin
the
enough
with
ping
chip-
a
hammer
chipper.
the
causes
far
cold
into
set
connection
metal
the
of
edge
cutting
may
in process
The
M.
strike
to
hard
the
strip of metal
marked
is
is
store.
of
jaws
justment
ad-
middle
which
be
bought
chippers can
The
chipper is placed in
secured
at K, and
vise
as
Metal
tool
any
the
in
will
bent
can
work
useful
device
work.
the
metal
store and
bought at a hardware
Fig. 7 shows
position shown.
be
the
coke
in
the
and
screen
get
complete
blowpipe
This
Fig. 6 is
out.
wrought
be
can
a
off
to
A
hole
soon,
very
the
heating.
after
metal.
a
bent.
be
hot
Let
the
against
flame
to
readily against
form.
circle
in
are
the
order
the
procure
the
point
become
heat
made
these
about
In
and
to
be
can
and
like
some
are
same
hammer.
close
shoulders
is
rings
There
the
which
in
grate
pattern
shaping
framed
designs
customers.
by
design
Fig. 5 is another
the
different
The
silvered.
are
finished
are
the
penetrates
forms
metal
A
drill is necessary.
anvil
an
on
punch
the
heavier
the
For
metal.
hammer
to receive
hole
a
after
punch
the
and
punch
iron
an
where
the
a
oval
is
bending
is inserted
end
of the
pin R.
By applying pressure,
is bent
form.
to the
strip of metal
the
ing
bendhour-glass wood
Fig. 9 shows
form, made
by selecting a piece of hard
back
the
block,
boring
through
hole
shaped
is
sectional
a
headed
the
series
side
as
up
of
pieces
points at
joined on.
necessary
the
rough
top
the
then
are
points
taper
after
places
best
makes
a
a
designs
worked
good
of
black
grates
the
smoothing
painting.
and
finish.
are
Some
bronzed.
The
one.
metal
is
is
the
is
view
placed
bending
metal
endless
variety
after
way
to
the
12
of
another
by
In
in
a
inserted
is
costs
cents
per
of
can
the
hour
on
and
almost
an
be
wrought
made.
once
price
W
at
by exerting
place
type of firethe
uniting
fact
designs
start
figure the
the
up
is
forms
pieces.
shaped
out
grasped
is
constructed
front,
about
Then
The
like.
various
to
Fig. 10
pressure.
add
and
square
bit.
block
strip for
bent
be
and
to
is effected.
union
file
the
The
out
filed down
involves
work
with
are
the
then
riveted.
similarly
These
Asphaltum
and
united
are
are
can
inch
hour-glass
strip of
The
Thus
is made.
addition
rings
finishing
The
of
each
inches
T.
at
as
with
the
and
vise
6
an
about
wood
the
parts
for the
A
grate
and
work.
good
is
to
charge
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
44
center
the
and
steers
Freight
quite
with
the
of
one
to
do
the
they
"
MAKE
the
"
"
TELESCOPE.
WATER
A
square
which
Before
hook
decide
you
best
it is
see
whether
see
the
can
fish
have
you
need
is
you
that
look
into
the
there
tainly,
cer-
and
water
What
This
telescope.
with
metal
or
of
to
them
end
and
can
pay
for
which
as
colors
is 3
Tin
the
water
that
and
A
wooden
the
the
one,
is
but
a
paint
the
Varnish
more
convenient
more
difficult
hang
to
not
to
each
it up
let it
funnel
telescope
strips
tin
shaped
in
Solder
the
glass
is
made.
lead
of
the
bottom
the
air
glass
of
piece
circular
to
horn
at
for
do
the
large
Sinkers
should
be
counteract
contained
the
will
in
the
large
for
end
is
and
and
rest.
the
of
consisting
soldered
on
a
midway
space
and
near
of
buoyancy
funnel
watertight
the
of
the
in
paper
part
there
tinue
to
until
you
To
gummed
perfectly dry
this
pairs
you
very
the
paste
In
in
Con-
parts.
these
at
a
lightly by
gores
16
do
of
another
of
until
Join
balloon
gum
inch
cloth.
them
put
of
the
all the
unite
time
dry
very
but
other
any
edge
clean
and
careful
paste.
down
are
halves.
the
with
across
a
oil
one-half
one
unite
until
up
boiled
thin
dab
of
Each
the
lay
gore
closing
A
end.
the
three
dry, being
about
gore
two
this
its
together
perfectly
by means
clear
or
gum
Telescope
to
in contact
this
Top:
for
the
tissue
they are
together
manner
principal essential
at
top. To
one-third
with
line
come
When
gore.
|
The
wide
the
at
added
be
gore
a
on
means
make.
wide
close-textured
water,
Water
inches
8
should
32
wide
balloon.
them
Wooden
with
and
contrasting colors
like; red
you
white
Cut
out a pasteboard
are
good.
tern
patsize
the
exactly the shape and
gores
out
cut the gores
to be and
are
by it.
box,
through.
look
the
height
when
12)
=
of
Procure
tight.
water-
of
+ 8 + 1
(3
height
good
very
any
box,
seams
to
open
in
wooden
some
end
one
telescope
water
tin
than
other
the
leave
and
end
in
a
wooden
long
a
glass
the
Fix
and
is
glass for one
putty for making
men
fisher-
any
many
whatever
in
A
pear-shaped,
mentioned
of
as
being 3 inches
inch
balloon
the
widths
have
in
gore
1
rials,
mate-
be
may
wishes
bottom,
point and
make
cod.
or
make
to
of
a
regularly
shoals
herring
necessary
telescope
water
piece
is
in
to
the
Norway,
telescope
water
for
searching
objects
visible
plainly
the
at
widest
submerged,
is
end,
open
In
depth.
the
use
the
made
are
considerable
All
at
Telescope
Water
glass end
the
sell
prefers.
feet
July
enough
of
necessary
and
one
each
gores,
and
all the
one
make
can
Fourth
a
make
desired
size
kites
for
few.
very
balloons
are
gores
BALLOONS.
make
can
balloons
Paper
glass. When
by looking in
before.
seen
PAPER
who
paper
size
of
square
parties
picnic
great amusement,
sights in the water
never
MAKE
boy
celebration
vice
de-
is a
one
TO
HOW
Any
enough
about,
equipment.
proper
wood
to
Yes,
swimming
have
many
"piece
your
water
there.
are
water
a
of
made
the
into
.fish
are
the
if
place to cast
a
look
to
any
you
on
is of
culty
diffi-
If
made
be
To
odd
numerous
tin.
circular
a
may
used.
telescope
water
revealing
the
of
bottom
glass
The
painted black
being reflected
be
obtaining
in
glass, the
of
and
TO
surface
end.
big
should
light from
the
bright
is found
made.
HOW
funnel
prevent
on
the
submerge
to
the
of
town
that
tins
like
carts
their
in
inside
crank.
hoys
some
business
express
an
and
helps
and
One
the
turn
two
carried
When
ride.
usually
hoys
other
he
can
rod.
steering
the
for
is open
put together, three
have
fully,
care-
top
pletely.
com-
hang
a
gore
before
using
it further.
In
circle
a
the
of
wire
it across
of
bottom
6 inches
wire
with
the
a
balloon
the
in
diameter
piece of sponge
circle of wire.
work
and
strung
a
en
faston
POPULAR
MECHANICS.
MECHANICS
HOW
TO
YOUNG
FOR
HECTOGRAPH.
A
MAKE
45
slightly
down
A
hectograph
and
made
writing
is
by
of
it
obtained
be
can
simply
very
means
and
easily
copies of
single original.
many
from
a
AMERICA
with
a
careful
and
and
smooth
exclude
to
shifting the
all
air
one
corner
face
copy
down,
being
bubbles
Leave
paper.
raise
the
lay
sponge,
it
upon
and
it
nearly
and
strip
not
a
ute
min-
it
from
the
Make
a
tray of either tin
the
sheet
larger than
little
a
ordinarily
1
of
ounce
gelatine
morning
the
in
and
6*2
about
and
use
in
pasteboard,
or
of
paper
you
14-inch deep.
Soak
cold
water
night
over
the
off
pour
degrees
and
then
remove
perfect
water.
of
200
glycerine to about
(93 C.) on a water
bath, and add
the
This
should
gelatine.
give a clear
of gelatine.
glycerine solution
Heat
will remain
reversed
pad, where
a
copy
of the
inscription.
Immediately
lay a piece of writing paper
of the right size on
the
it down
pad, smooth
ounces
operation
F.
pad
until
obtained
with
ready
for
water
bath
moist
a
MADE
OF
into
articles
of
of
original
ideas
use
of
turn
ink.
be
may
derived
bicycles
old
in
into
Many
this
the
for
of
"
and
work
boy
Sprocket
mind.
a
fore,
be-
PARTS.
used
be
of
much
ornamentation.
or
can
in
as
ORNAMENTS
pleasure
practice
good
is
too
be
paired
is im-
tray
a
AND
parts
it will
remelted
be
can
BICYCLE
OLD
turning
from
the
on
surface
the
absorbed
not
great deal
A
it
ARTICLES
USEFUL
sired
de-
and
If
poured
and
if it has
copies
ink
more
or
sponge,
use.
time
any
the
a
the
copies can
single original.
a
wash
using the hectograph
future
at
it
Fifty
from
it off
until
bear
Repeat
of
number
or
through
When
will
It
original.
the
exhausted.
is
be
the
obtained
is
before.
as
of
copy
ventive
in-
an
gears,
cone
rims
and
other
bars, wheel
formerly
were
bicycles which
of as
disposed
now
sorted,
carefully asjunk, are
cleaned, polished or nickel
plated,
shafts, handle
of
parts
Using
Place
level
the
tray
the
and
pour
until
it is
touch
the
stand
it
for
nearly leve)
surface
of
with
the
so
does
cover
composition
the
when
hours,
perfectly
tion
composithe edge of
is
gelatinous
the
it
six
it
that
so
in
Cover
tray.
Hectograph.
the
will
it
not
and
the
Make
and
they
have
of
ounce
a
corked
When
ready
greenish
who
work
for
B
3
or
hot
Cool
water.
glycerine,
drop
of
of
1
ounce
dissolved
B)
a
and
carbolic
in
add
drops
few
so
A
of
line
ani-
7
fluid
1
of
Keep
acid.
steel
light.
the
in
a
fluid
ether
in
a
bottle.
the
moisten
original copy
tne
surface
of
of
the
the
writing
is
hectograph
small
a
1
is
of
The
wooden
base
weight.
A
fastening
a
of
the
and
mirror
a
from
a
nickle
is then
forms
circular
into
desk
(Fig. 2)
to
eral
sev-
pyramid
plated or
cemented
useful
mirror
shown.
is
balls
of
articles
the
bicycles
formed
cement,
table
persons
part
of
character
pyramid
and
that
charge.
bearings,
means
do
collection
a
gilded.
by
will
cast-off
from
ball
by
the
of
idea
An
obtainable
but
expensive,
are
them
decorations.
archway
and
wall
possess
dinary
or-
heavy
rather
color
made
be
may
R
of
ounces
and
a
on
using
ink;
lines
the
making
ink
(2
aniline
with
paper
pen,
reproduced
be
to
copy
for
outfits
Figure
use.
good
used
Plating
let
ready
be
and
old
is
the
to
a
papei
made
center
is a
stand
the
sprocket gear;
is
The
pedal shaft
pedal shaft.
consequently
screwed
tight to the pedal and
sprocket,
keeps the affair perpendicular. The
bronzed
plated and
shaft
or
are
pedal and
with
be wound
if desired, the sprocket may
of
a
pedal
wheel
and
fancy ribbon.
it
expanded,
several
all
with
oil
prepared
picture
spokes.
Fig.
is
5
of
to
This
secured
to
beneath
on
by
F'ig.8
which
from
the
is
hat
as
before
ordinary
the
to
There
of
this
a
chain
in
as
Fig.
gilded, and
or
base.
part
which
Perhaps
furniture
and
bronzed,
or
holder.
pen
wall
Fig. 4,
or
designs
such
wooden
a
ribbons
spider, plated
a
and
natural
separated
plated and
for hanging
wheeling are
season's
last
mind
is
hall
of
piece
japanned
pencil
a
in
hanger
and
at
attached
he
to
a
tubes,
tor
finished
or
crank
a
pedal crank,
a
colored
with
shown
head
figure
the
used
sanded
is
7
ing
plated, mak-
is treated
tire
a
mirror
.Memories
brought
6.
for
wall
or
entwined
up.
wheel
the
which
and
Fig.
ver
sil-
with
Another
is
order
this
of
decoration
The
either
is
ornamented
nickel
arc
base
state.
from
cycle
polished
are
showing.
attractive
an
which
wall.
coated
Or
spokes
articles
central
the
the
to
colors
The
bronze.
of
by-gone
a
artistically
is
keep
to
center
hung
water
or
sawdust
the
the
wheel,
old
an
of
arc
wheel
(if the
tire
in
and
mementos
and
season,
is
filled with
is
are
3
Fig.
which
tire of
in
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
"4u
has
pins
are
is
chain
a
pended.
sus-
story
Hit] -Rtck
Fig
pins
removed
are
substituted.
the
bar
and
the
of
simply putting
original pin holes
the
A
bars
by
posts
clamps.
handle
bicycle
is done
through
posts
securing
means
and
This
"Seat
Tza. 9:
the
on
back
lantern
cycle
by
is
placed
piece, by
fork
the
and
head
top, with
the
fork
and
to conform
expanding
prongs
to the
is put
shape of the top. A set screw
into
the
in
wood
the
shaft
holes
through
at
the
forks
and
the
whole
affair
is
held
firmly
lantern
be
place. The
can
kept in order
and
of the
lighted. By cutting off the rear
frame
at
the
juncture of the seat
pot lug
in
and
the
can
be
crank
spread
are
hanger,
made
out
re-enamelled
work
or
to
making
piece
form
the
japanned
the
of
hall
780
of
the
The
and
saddle
bright
is
leather
silver
or
is
tubing
the
attractive
an
ing
stand-
necessary
gold
stays
and
position,
com-
useful
O^nimerrt
connected
bicycle
of
seat
or
rear
furniture.
"
uickle
the
stool
The
affair.
surfacing
a
hall
a
Fig. 9.
while
polished,
7'Holder
i":Onumcvit
":
to
for
support
treated
in
as
with
plated
which
estimation
and
in
of
is
Tt
it.
makes
its
its
finely polished
a
day
owner.
had
memento
no
The
of
equal
wooden
or
a
in
In
shops
instead
of
at
*
"
Pacific
Southern
oil
locomotives
1.350
the
the
is
Sacramento,
coal.
used
as
Railway's
fuel.
In
also, oil is used
POPULAR
MECHANICS.
MECHANICS
Devices
Fishing
warm
in
the
digs
boy
south
is
in
the
hole
a
confined
ice
sheet
to
has
let
through
to
genius
slow
and
up"
and
"signal"
was
the
biting the
soon
itself
as
has
stands
bright colored
the boys on
the
"fish."
The
baited
flat
the
the
tion
illustra-
fish
is
not
ice, but
as
the
hook
its
wafting
up
breezes
all
and
read
skating pond
the
the
his
pleasures
"tip ups" are
planted about
edges of the ice pond, each
ing
boy bringhis
with
and
his skates
fishing tackle
the
thus
finding
Maybe
dozen
it
the
on
ice.
Often
being
double
a
lines
to
the
them
watch
its
device
caught
is
simple
and
make
feet
one
Caught
Be
the
sure
two
Miole
The
end
fasten
short
and
rods
use
small
a
bright
colored
cloth.
right angles
another
end
strong
together, and
Bind
stick
to
short
a
the
the
string
also
the
which
that
over
fasten
into
the
"jumping-jack"
a
he
and
make
may
serve
this
well
as
as
can
a
the
his
ice.
legs
and
the
when
the
biting.
fish
is
ing-jack"
"jumpis
Used
for
also
fishing
time
is cast
to
boys
The
ill
"Jumping
by placing
into the
it
Jack"
Fisherman
a
float which
on
water.
cross
fishing
in
take
ing
bindcare
VELOCIPEDE.
converted
into novel
Bicycles maybe
The
usual
by simply overhauling.
and
transmits
sharp
pedals
to
for
Instead
of
is carried
Sweden
winter
last
wheels,
moving
and
in
in
catching
sleighs
bicycle
gearing
which
the
snow
wheels
on
the
are
or
chine
ma-
runners.
on
RUNNING
THE
Another
used,
are
contact
spikes
to
rod
at
is
the
and
frantically
two
and
of any
and
fish
"jumping-jack"
ice.
Procure
about
length
the
is
baited
in
is
the
through
frame
when
exceedingly
boy
any
in
the
is placed
across
hole, so
piece of the flag-rod projects
this
give
to
it.
flag, made
string
securely to
line;
fishing
water
fish
the
easily make
of Santa
independent
which
is pulled to make
move
lowered
it
the
fisherman.
has
Christmas
tied
is
let
raise
until
jack"
WINTER
which
by
light rod
a
line.
The
joints
hook
When
live
a
and
once,
signal
own
can
To
the
with
bait
the
short
water.
his
Glaus.
permit
on
the
to
instantly
fishing for him
the
he
"tip-up," or
himself
jumping-jack
do
to
rest
hook
hole.
boy
from
over
together.
all
fish is made
the
half
a
at
water
the
to
line
strenuously
small
ment.
amuse-
have
thus
will
in
The
stick.
or
score
of
source
boy
one
easy
Fish
left
enough
suitable
"jumping
summer
different
''Tip-Up"
a
these
of
from
notify
more
the
bait
the
Them
end
flag will
taken
the
long
rod,
the
re-
resumes
each
other
about
arms
fisherman
is
of
the
or
word
hook
stick
through
If
Use
fastening
the
waves
up,
youthful
"tip
the
the
drawn
at
tive
inven-
and
the
on
swallowed
is
his
the
straight
flag to the
fish
and
in
When
flag lies
flag pole
work
shown
result.
fish
a
to
much
pleasure
So
skating.
set
the
for
too
of
to
that
his
from
After
wave
the
in
bite, but
detracted
cross
hooked
n
w
used
too
ice.
and
inches
down
The
hole
the
several
minnow
hook
d o
wait
and
became
Pole
the
that
AMERICA
MaKe
to
end
fasten
boy
the
over
fish
ing,
skat-
hole.
a
northern
"Tip-up"
at
themselves
ice
while
fish underneath
icy
sit
red-
and
himself
the
he
the
to
the
north
the
in
the
YOUNG
Sports-How
invigorates
and
amuses
Winter
but
season,
cheeked
he
of
FOR
47
SLEIGH.
sport,
very
winter,
and
that
of
the
braces
popular
in
has
already
reached
is the
America,
"running sleigh,"
in the
shown
A light sleigh is
illustration.
with
and
is
equipped
runners
long double
The person
propelled
by foot power.
using
with
the sleigh stands
foot upon
rest
one
a
attached
the
to
runners
backward
one
and
propels the
with
the
connecting
sleigh
other
ing
by pushfoot.
To
"
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
48
body
stonily the
be
can
ice
used
hard
upon
The
speed.
supports
are
sleigh with
the
With
known
actual
of
means
in
for
skates
and
two
they cannot
as
a
are
the
the
of
strong
very
a
the
skim
the
sail
lightly
as
little prac-
a
of
may
be
if
ice
at
is
he
has
He
been
of
rate
the
an
the
sails
show.
Secure
four
may
be
feet
For
of
in
For
each
the
three-fourths
center
of
the
firmly to the
end
middle
of
each
of
the
will
you
sides.
make
a
Sleigh
learn
cannot
hoops
sails
may
using
the
masts
as
be
made
be
main
the
case
of
the
the
to
corner
main
opposite
should
The
main
feet
the
the
small
Next
the
end
made
of
the
The
the
springing
sheeting
cloth
two
the
to
has
or
main
it
apart
hoop
been
three
spar
and
be
be
left
off
until
of
remaining
then
appears
other,
fastened
a
end
together
same
by
manner
this
after
and
case
the
the
frame
of
about
9%
each
end
at
may
and
is fastened
to
other.
attaching
strong
hoop
Now
one
the
cloth
the
of
made
each
masts.
comes
Tack
the
be
also
together
end
of
sails
cane,
them
large
separate
after
strong
Bind
long.
that
should
spar
pieces of
two
The
each
each
to
corner
strong cord in the
the
In
as
hoops.
firmly.
on
a
be
strong
cross-spar,
the
outer
each
to
should
with
spar.
of
corner
Sails
main
and
sails
bound
Attach
end
iasb it
fore
and
spar
tape.
and
the
easily obtained
equally effective by
the sails
described, making
of round
shaped instead
square
In
and
leaving off the
hoops.
securely
cleat
self
your-
herein
this
Skater's
guide
and
tack
to
desired.
as
If the
and
hoop
hoop's
cross-spar
tice
fore
Extend
cross-yards.
or
the
Wt\
r-
Running
constitute
to
masts
across
fasten
about
cane
diameter
main
these
old
an
thin
bending
select
a
hoop
each
strong
inch
from
by
or
strips.
hoops
They
in diameter.
obtained
hogshead
thin
large
two
about
and
easily made,
and
tion
descrip-
are
illustrations
will
piece
with
attended
not
is
The
danger.
the
With
wing.
is
your
your
ice
the
along
that
raise
securely fastened,
will
you
bird
on
sail
your
See
pond.
ice
the
sport
hour, and
citement,
affording the limit of ex-
while
so
Then
figure.
the
pieces. Bind
tightly together
double
cord, as
two
hoops
make
speed
skater
travel
miles
an
by
between
sides
SKATER.
a
to
that
cided
de-
a
the
inner
pains.
little
the
along
sails.
by
hurled
aided
as
can
a
the
wind
100
so
boy
WINGED
THE
the
braced
Any
apart.
come
sleigh" has
cross-spar
ready
able
remark-
skis, because
the
the
shown
under
and
with
moves
over
thin
ground,
frozen
"running
advantage
tached
at-
contrivance
surfaces,
conditions
favorable
is
support
The
runners.
snovv-eovered
and
foot
upright
an
the
to
the
of
sails
thin
or
on
sails
the
wrapped
to
be
should
canvas.
inner
side
around
times.
should
The
be
attached
slipping the
cleats
by
is
of
on
entirely put
to the
spars
Bicycle
Sleigh
together and
by buttons.
then
fastened
POPULAR
A
MECHANICS.
be made
ing
accordsimple sail may
in
the
lower
plans illustrated
It is made
drawing.
by binding together in
the
halves
of two
the center
strong
head
hogsbent
better.
hoops, or two
poles are
49
more
to
ICE
the
But
the
that
one
used
BOATING.
that
sport
to
be
is greatest
of all, the
part of the life of every
northern
which
is being
boy, and
revived
of
popularity after years
stagnation, is
ice boating. With
the aid of old
in
skates,
pieces
old
an
of
canvas,
of
or
the
of
kite.
a
should
six
be
thick.
of
wide
The
three
board
the
for
the
be
may
strong
piece
skates
the
to
the
board,
operate
the
the
skates
and
the
firmly to the
iy2 inches
In
of Ice
If possible the
feet
long and
sail at
two
the
four
four
persons
than
sail
any
should
feet
other.
be
wide.
The
corners.
and
Sail
Boat,
is
more
and
about
Fasten
on
rig will
easily
eight
foot
long
until
the
club
with
a
piece
a
is
Nail
vey
con-
firmly to this base,
and
structed
con-
the
top
a
skate.
hole
Run
bored
the
in
the
to
of
stern
a
of
about
end.
hew
one
of
shape
strip of
the
the
curely.
se-
blocks
scantling
the
assumes
flat base.
them
rudder
of
the
pass
board
each
the
making
down
Budder
inches
for
runner
cross
from
a
each
to
fasten
Nail
make
three
in them
to
ing
attach-
blocks,
holes
of
is
In
and
long
through
Flan
which
runner
Bore
straps
of
first
one
center-
the
skates
inches
wide.
and
of
rudder.
a
of
couple
six
latter
as
either
Boat
cross-board
end
of
Three
to
on
Ice
seat
piece
a
fastened
rear
hole
a
tion
intersec-
leather.
or
the
of
and
pole. The
of
Boy's
side
strip,
securely
the
mast
are
these
Bore
of
made
cloth
plank
drawing,
cross
center
be
may
stout
center-board.
the
long,
inches
1
in
the
the
in
two
of small
shown
to
and
by 6 inch
long. Fasten
braces
screw
form
center-board
cross
feet
with
be
the
five feet
or
piece of
a
as
The
The
should
in
four
inches
genius
boat.
boat
something
bit
possessed
ice
an
of
made
boy
mechanical
make
frame
and
small
a
any
ordinary
may
board
of
sheet
a
wood
strip fasten
club
through
the
center-
M
POPULAR
50
MECHANICS
Make
in
use
sled
your
take
so
then
and
one
in
pride
when
it
that
designs of sleds
matter
the
pieces of
with
an
A
simply of
pieces of board
Fig.
The
so
chair
will
be
allowed
to
it
still
remain,
that
device
into
the
in
on
the
blocks
place,
the
the
top board
be
In
nail
scribed.
If
the
this
be
placed
may
where
of
and
the
2.
chair,
pushing
"
under
Disconnected
far
your
from
home
and
arm
ried
car-
like.
parts
2
3, show
and
look
before
be
may
all
beiug
made
of
a
the
for
Fig.
hold
to
each
leg
a
U
of
piece
of
are
4.
"
canvas
leather.
after
be
or
Fig.
strapped
the
on
the
put
hinges
folding
together.
The
runners.
or
Oper.
The
carpet.
been
for
Sleigh
shows
4
it has
employed
Chair
Folding
off
taken
are
chair
Skates
skates
whenever
m=
=nr
Fig.
Parts
is
illustrations, Figs.
as
they should
seat
joined together. The
may
e
Top
pond
is
L-shaped
four
HL_j
ut
you
ice
"
The
sleigb
5
Sleigh.
formed
trans-
making
order
one
Chair
or
will have
you
in
Folding
"
the
board
sled.
3.
cross
of
again
boards,
cross
able
enjoyjust de-
more
device
You
top
is necessary,
to
even
the
fitting
by
on
then
coasting
a
it
chair
and
readily
can
chair-sleigh
if
stronger
Fig.
the
needed
instead
long
than
chair-sleigh
a
this
of
is
other
no
picture.
make
board
sieigh
it
equal
is
the
out
Chair
and
ture,
pic-
the
construction
its
description
a
staves
simple that
can
convenient
is
swer
an-
thing for
building snow
for
than
sleigb
ing
coast-
just the
of
method
SLEIGH.
CHAIR
folding chair
and
in
will
sled
coasting and it is also
of snow
carrying loads
houses.
FOLDING
A
one
for
barrel
for
chair.
a
sister
grown
runners
will
sled
shown
as
bought
No
1.
the
which
good
two
consists
three
on
the
hand
make
can
face
hoop
iron
purpose.
every
How
Sled
You
and
sleds
bought
the
and
entirely
almost
Stave
Barrel
him
different
by
of
possessor
mother,
own
your
made
left
be
his
more
many
be
ingenuity.
own
your
like
1."
much
SKis
take
chair-sleigh may
or
lady friend with
his outings, and
permit her to ride in
proud
no
purchased
any
so
can
can
Fig.
to
are
is
hand-made
it is of
know
you
There
construction.
that
can
you
Slides,
Them
Make
There
sleds, boys!
own
your
buying them, because
better
than
is probably
AMERICA
Toboggan
Sleighs,
to
S.
YOUNG
FOR
Chair
Sleds,
Coasting
ECEANIG
Folding
Chair
skating
the
chair
Sleigh
along
in
front
Bottom
over
of
Fig.
the
him
ice
the
desired.
5."
When
slip from
Folding
the
the
Chair
chair
notches
Sleigh
is
on
Closed
lifted
the
the
side
ports
supbars
POPULAR
HOW
TO
MAKE
RUBBER
MECHANICS.
STAMPS
been
it
India
rubber,
"rtamp-making,
dmlcr
or
to
obtained.
be
with
such
in
about
the
base
iron, having
middle
a
of
the
opposite
and
thick, and
indispensable,
heads
to
base
level.
Solder
The
sides,
in
it at
through
thread
bolts
of
part
also
of
iron,
extend
the
each
on
thread
is screwed
the
through
to
will
pressure
the
nuts
platen
and
the
in
the
platen
in
the
the
or
the
it
can
wedged
should
it.
piece of smooth
a
rubber
and
matrix
and
the
press
and
keep
the
rubber,
forced
in
place
284
to
degrees
screwing
down
soft
now
into
the
down
screw
the
upon
platen. Heat
F. (140 degrees C)
the platen so that
and
putty-like, is
of
recess
every
press
the
the
matrix.
A
be
half
a
screw
upper
the
of
communicated
in
between
the
bolt
holes
The
nut.
upper
strengthen
an
solution
ing
remov-
extent
be
the
the
press,
so
than
bolts, rather
by
the nuts
and
lifting it off. String
dozen
those
which
nuts, larger than
each
when
the
bolt, so that
on, on
nut
alcoholic
an
After
in
preferably
place "atthe
in
off the
swung
the
which
ends
cut
of
piece
a
drilled
the
upper
platen, is
use
counter-sinking places for
side
of
keep the under
bolt
base.
un-
inch
is
press
holes
two
of
upward
mixed
sheets, strong,
press
bolts, letting the
pass
The
white
ed
attend-
home-made.
be
can
.For
always
with
it
to
will be perfect.
dried,
rubber, large enough
to cover
the
from
the
matrix,
sheet, throw
this
of talc, or
into a box
powdered
soapstone, so that it receives
a
coating on both
little of the powder
the
a
over
sides; dust
Place
the press
a
support
matrix, also.
on
a
burner, or a kerosene
over
lamp, and
gas
Place
the
matrix
the
on
apply the heat.
dust
off the piece of India
base
of the press,
ber,
rub-
the
prepare
one-eighth
its manipulation
but
to
it is
results.
comes
shellac
Cut
good results are
it is
experiment,
an
matrix
a
if
cases,
uncertain
and
for
As
from
procured
the
thoroughly
saturate
oven,
for
prepared
of
be
amateur
an
rubber
firm
should
manufacturer,
possible for
but, in
cured
especially
taken
lias
be
those
directly over
exact
pieces of an
thickness
be
should
provided for use on the
to keep the pressure
base; these serve
even.
In preparing
the
mould, if type is to be
rather
copied, use
with
large type
wide
base.
spaces
and
spaces,
or
Distance
by rubbing
so
This
may
bolted
be
furniture.
it
any
will do)
inch
side
faces
and
matrix
on
it.
off any
of
reverse
iron
larger than
copied, and
spread
plaster
the
plate
the
of
inch
an
or
of
wood
olive
To
a
it
putty
to
a
the
by
When
a
mixing
be
told
and
from
blade
shape
this
takes
the
the
that.
and
matrix.
is
pressed
when
the
distance
10 minutes
model
pieces
and
then
and
are
press
down
struck.
remove.
Let
If
care
until
it set
has
At
place
the
Ten
against
point.
it is then
sheet
of
the
first it is
it, it
is
minutes,
sumes
re-
removed.
thoroughly
be
can
removed
under
for
able
favoring
mould-
3
rubber.
of common
By means
glue,
of
Stockholm
cement, composed
pitch,
resin, 3 parts; unmixed
parts; American
a
to the right conparis and water
sistency.
India
rubber
oil of
6 parts;
of a table
knife
By means
spread
and
parts, heated
thoroughly
and
plaster
then
smoothly
the
invert
the rubber
to a wooden
stamp
the
stage
the
or
of
upon
ber
rub-
some
necessary;
conditions, is sufficient time
be
of
not
Vulcanizer
protrudes
its
vulcanized
from
Kettle
the
elastic, then
heat increases
it
as
soft, then the curing begins and it
becomes
elastic, so that, if a point of
knife
piece
to
depth
made
on
form
a
again
a
type
model, take
the
inscription
becomes
can
one-
the
the
upon
face
sur-
surface
oil to
excess.
quite
ble
(mar-
is
always
process
printer's
surface
its upper
Apply
of
quarter
flat
a
frame.
a
thermometer
The
pieces of
ends,
higher than
of
loose.
Fish
up
lightly
soap,
into
two
and
filled
perfectly smooth
place distance
pieces
and
wipe
or
of
but
or
locked
both
Place
good,
either
at
quads
be
remains
be
made
high
may
wax,
that
should
set
eighth
either
any
together
is
with
faces
with
brushing off
type
up
type
set
the
It
is
turpentine, 12
mixed, fasten
handle.
possible to dispense with
the press
in making
the
stamps, where
is not
work
done
in quantities, and
hot flat-iron.
use
a
POPULAR
The
matrix
the
rubber
But
a
is
placed
laid
few
on
moments
at low
stove
a
and
on
the
hot
iron
required
are
MECHANICS.
53
COAL
heat,
MINING
HAS
DEPTH
A
LIMIT-
applied.
to mould
Heat
it.
coal
and
dust
supply
lack
greater
are
is
than
the
to
menaces
rate
our
exhaustion
of
of
ingenuity among
our
gineers.
ension
Royal Coal Supplies Commisof England
have
fixed the
coal mining
limit depth at 4,000 vertical
feet below
the
or
any
The
surface, and
unless
that depth
supplied for
even
the
air
The
increase
districts.
in
degree
in
of
rate
different
40
60, 80
cannot
feet
An
tin
old
oven
letter
press
makes
a
good
from
purchased
all printers
as
will
TRAIN
be
can
Any
a
such
type
where
the
The
the
miner
fact
that
be
devised
Of
the
dustier
and
other
OF
to
the
lay
of
Germany
utilizing the
is
troops, and
of
of
these
trains
motor
One
the
tion
opera-
familiar
a
of
character
the
for
car
practice
is becoming
excellent
sight. The
makes
highways
economical.
motor
the
the
man
Ger-
plan practical and
will
car
draw
of
the
troop
soldiers
containing
wagons
with
their
ordinary
as
the
the
the
below
outfit.
Other
the
men
is
would
supplies,
in
make
they
A
Boston
by which
are
lawyer
many
"
a
difficult
of
heat
the
midity
hu-
the
air
the
so
men
can
depth.
high
illustration
thing
and
in
""
FURNITURE.
self-explanatory
is
comfort
cribs
furniture.
are
made
now
of
the
Couches,
in
this
tance
diswhich
that
day's march.
"
has
increased
limitation
An
""
that
the
carrying
The
etc.
double
about
the
one
Army
follow,
trains
wagon
tents, ammunition,
covered
German
the
greater
to
marching
rockers
for
work
84.
air.
cooling
of
problem
The
Train
cannot
comfort:
his
do
tains
con-
eral
sev-
latest
Car
that
for
course,
perature
tem-
can
supplied
dry removes
VIBRATING
Motor
air
he
air
"
200
man
the
from
coal
Means
of conveying
great
of
ventilation
and
in fact
depths, means
of the
nearly all the engineering problems
beside
the
coal mine
are
comparatively
easy
work
as
a
perfectly
because
abandoned
movement
the
ical
Med-
highest
above
is
body
the mine.
For a while, spraying
used
were
watering contrivances
had
to be
dust, but these means
"
TRANSPORTATION
low
be-
average,
the
moisture
must
means
TROOPS.
one
degree
one
the
that
temperature
spraying.
answer.
"""
MOTOR
all
or
apparatus
dealer.
a
use
in
others
On
state
much
very
inclosed
press,
and
work
Stamps
if it be
materials
necessai-y
Rubber
in
and
feet.
in
varies
it increases
some
dry air at which
is 98 degrees.
In
in
hard
heat
of
In
100
or
authorities
for
be
depth of 4,000 feet the human
adapt itself to the conditions.
a
Press
possible
ventilation
dry.
very
Vulcanizing
is not
invented
cases
successfully treated.
of
a
machine
tion
hip disloca-
style which
the
base
and
other
is
is
Easy
Couch
light and
large enough
reading
matter.
airy.
to
The
contain
tray
at
books
POPULAR
54
MECHANICS
HOW
MAKE
TO
FOR
BAGGAGE
A
MECHANICS.
CARRIER
YOUNG
FOR
The
BICYCLES.
lid opens
the
by
and
is
packages
for
they
to
such
the
secure
a
lost
be
inches
12
GV2 inches
wheel
on
in
neither
can
box
A
ride
a
fastening
bicycle when
for
appliance
an
ing
start-
iron
that
injured.
or
inches
long, 8%
uprights
by two
when
manner
is supported
deep
books
and
the
clamped
back
the
to
rear
the
in
so
that
to
be
closes;
this
the
will
about
dotted
takes
snap
%
%-inch
to
The
snap.
screw
piece acts
as
through the bottom
tightened
be
can
closed
The
iron
strap passing
it
shaken
and
of
carried
is held
Fig. 4.
position the
making
bottom
A
and
in
lip opens
is used
hinge.
wide
over
shows
the
the
at
backward
detailed
snap
outline
Here
AMERICA
around
them
prevent
and
articles
from
causing
a
being
unnecessary
Fig. 3
Post
Saddle
Clamp
Fig. 4l
and
fork
by
The
post.
uprights
and
are
% inch.
of y2xy8-inch
A A, Fig. 1, are
bottom.
bolted
to the
They
by
strengthened
is
which
uprights
Fig. 1, that
of
the
to
the
ai'e
five
the
box
the
grip
in
iron
1
x
rear
the
the
saddle-post are
firmly held to the
screws.
clamp
These
shown
rear
forward
upper
1
%-inch
x
box
on
strips
in
Fig.
3.
are
1,
simple
strips c c
iron
each
formed
side
A
the
it
gives
tested
been
none
with
for
worse
a
135
wear.
CANDLESTICK.
WATER
A
with
and
and
by
into
Weight
nail
a
candle
It will
hold
the
tallow
the
the
candle
flame
that
more
runs
emergency
the
of
does
candle
hold
to
the
that
so
until
burn
fine
enough
edge, but
light the
then
and
is gone
melted
water
its top
and
a
end
one
just large
the
in
wick,
makes
Avater
glass of
candlestick.
touches
corner
corner
found
and
pounds
has
It
enamel
black
of
coat
look.
are
the
lower
A
finished
oak
The
iron.
iron
The
the
noise.
The
B, Fig.
brace
%-inch
forks
by
Fig. 2.
from
run
to
bottom
the
of
made
shown
clamp
wood,
thick,
inch
%
saddle-
dried
well
of
being
the
and
inch
%
ends
lid
and
sides
the
is made
the
to
clamp
iron
an
box
not
the
water
touch
the
candle.
last
will
down
vestige
not
of
flicker.
but
stationary.
serves
wick
The
to
AUTO.
HAND-POWER
of
Clifford.
Earl
and
by
He
of
means
took
ter
a
short
a
old
of
name
tically
ver-
and
insert
of
the
it
the
wooden "driving rod,"
iron
an
fastened
crank
succeeded
to
makes
in
producing
quite good
speed.
shows
the
boy
with
wagon
assistance
or
from
TO
bar
and
end
of
Any
MAKE
boy
himself
will
do
A
of
bright
any
tools.
Earl
made
along
the
rod
can.
Put
a
hold
to
suggestions
any
"
of
the
cans
this
the
in
OF
DUMB-BELLS.
a
pair of dumb-bells
lifting weight, also, which
until
days
or
then
remove
bits
may
well
he
two
canned
then
his
fit
cut
cans,
the
pieces
such
ends
of
tightly in the
a
hole
in
the
Fig.
chase,
pur-
carefully.
work
large tin
in, and cut
round
could
he
any
as
does
as
out
wood
ends
cement.
filed
4
the
in
can
proper
a
It is well
the
the
on
each
through
the
open
end
The
place.
pushed
end
of
of
the
each
can
bell
dumb-
other
manner.
same
shows
Its
bells
the
of
into
if
perfectly dry,
and
wood
as
until
tin
dumb-bells
Cement
shape
five
for
stand
is
cement
Fig.
in
3, and
desired.
a
lifting
construction
weight
is
cement
is packed
into a wooden
and
iron rod
an
previously prepared
in
at
the
When
top.
ring is thrust
is
cement
wooden
mould
dry the
The
cen-
Q."MENT
"EMENT
of
made
very
Fig.1
""7V?7*--.-.TT
CEftgMr
to
cement,
then
are
each
is left.
cement
painted, also,
be
let
stage
make
and
in
bar
a
Shape four
to
large enough
the
bar
that
so
disks
into
to fit into
wedge
is made
At
"
PAIR
each.
just
with
nails
disks
The
grip.
a
and
procure
is often
cans
ends
each
of
center
cans
few
a
the
disks
inner
pushing
it before
give it
can
quite as
providing
First
fruit
drive
degree
a
the
(Fig. 2.)
two
the
add
hardwood
inside
between
of
part
and
into
the
the
through the
joins the
then
only the
for
in
and
rod
sand
disks
Insert
string
of
anyone.
"
HOW
first
one
parts
well.
very
mix
.
which
few
a
that
illustration
The
without
motor
wheel,
rear
machine
a
arrangement,
make
can
this
one
to
do
the
length
a
soft, but still has
this closely into
holes
clear
cement,
will
cans
Fig.
in
bar
dumb-bell"
wooden
cans.
length of
working
Pack
the
runs
of
to
it is
until
firmness.
through
connected
handle
two
shown
as
hardwood
a
ordinary
with
water
of
the
filling the
cement
horizontally
also,
broom
For
wagon
placed
lever
bamboo
operating
and
His
coaster
a
piece of wood
of
length
nine-year-old
a
Cal.,constructed.
boy at Oakland.
is
what
picture shows
each
Procure,
1.
The
AMERICA
FOR. YOUNG
MECHANICS
BOY'S
5z"
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
simple.
mould
with
a
the
is
moved.
re-
56
POPULAR
HOW
TO
YARD
YOUR
RID
MECHANICS.
CATS.
OF
shock"
9th
Contributed
by Charles
"
The
I
following
built at
only
also
but
to
I first
in
device
a
which
Brooklyn,
from
relief
us
gave
description of
a
home
my
concerts
is
much
A
ment
amuse-
two
wires
copper
TO
strong
and
at
home
*
"
MAKE
AN
EASEL.
S.nooth
along the
substantial
with
very
easel
may
little expense
be
and
difficulty.
great
no
bare
HOW
made
friends.
my
ran
Pultz, 554
not
nightly feline
the
furnished
L.
St.,Brooklyn.
down
with
a
plane,
four
pieces
WIRES
BATTERIES
Electric
for
Apparatus
Driving
Cats
Away
and
1 in. thick,
long, 4 in. wide
three
for
crosslegs. Make
them
To the
that they did not touch.
join the legs with
pieces, Fig. 1, and
being taken
With
bore
in Fig. 2.
shown
a
an
sulated as
I fastened
ends
of these
wires
auger
ordinary inin each
the bottom,
to
the
3 in. from
bell
them
hole
wire,
leg about
running
and
fit into
each
little peg,
house
and
them
to the
a
Fig. 2,
connecting
upper
The
should
for the picture to rest on.
induction
coil; I then
binding posts of an
peg
from
be of hardwood
it will not break.
wire
the
lower
so
ran
a
binding post of
coil
to
the handle
from
the
batteries
the
Cut
back
old broom,
ure
measan
through
my
off the right length, and
lower
other
put a hinge on
binding post of coil, breaking
top of the
fence
the
circuit
The
more
batteries
The
it
as
When
the
and
fence
in
bounds,
what
the
trouble
is
she
staples,
ordinary
an
the
should
the
up
"tabby"
switch
in
well
goes
the
on
the
very
switch.
wires
length
one
left
rapidly.
I close
of
4
ft.
suitable
end.
Fasten
this
leg
on
the
second
for the
support
crosspiece, thus
forming
a
two
front
easel
be
legs, Fig. 3. The
may
finished
to the
individual
taste.
according
be
It may
and
stained
and
sandpapered
varnished, or painted in some
pretty tint,
if preferred, may
be enameled."
uted
Contribor.
Pa.
by G. J. Tress, Emsworth,
the
be
pine,
until
care
stronger
always
current
of
ening
apart, fast-
small
used,
switch
uses
inch
one
with
by putting
current.
open
about
down
them
the
often
back
to
coming
see
is, thus
receiving another
L7
X?
^
U
ZH5
-J
Fij:)
Fiq.2.
Making
an
Easel
Fiq.3.
.4.
r"3
POPULAR
TO
LIGHT
A
GASLIGHT
MECHANICS.
WITHOUT
57
from
which
whitened
MATCHES.
is
tin
discharged
a
plate,
shaped like a snipe, which
scribes
de-
and
erratic
It
is
well
if
probably
known
feet
carpet
a
then
on
with
touch
any
That
a
proved
engine
E.
experiment
be
done
inches
long
burner
as
the
burner
wire
of
center
the
flame,
the
are
or
When
carpet.
is turned
up
This
cold
weather.
gas
around
Elkhart, Iowa.
old
and
engine
Many
several
was
of
the
times
them
getting
he
builder
just
high, and
in.
nearly
a
is
only
had
parts
before
he
The
right.
develops
to
be
made
succeeded
engine
hp., and
%
14
working
year
in
stands
runs
from
of
when
the
room
feet
along the
your
around
to the
gaslight
be
cannot
done
and
shoes,
if the
and
right
flare
match.
a
Contributed
"
of
of
it out
the
on
Go
lit with
experiment
day or without
damp
in
been
is
man,
The
away
keep
point of the wire
the
light will
on,
if it had
as
a
ing
build-
melt.
turn
come
you
the
touch
gas
will
it
else
"t
to
many
that,
at
one
engine
gas-
wire.
enough
of
Have
eighth
an
the
of
burner
get a friend to
ready for it.
twice
rubbing
Now
once
about
end
just far
be
must
the
yon
the
below
inch
large
a
two
a
sketch.
the
in
about
around
it
A
at
tip of
the
an
twist
and
shown
not
puzzle
youthful
it.
on
ple:
princi-
same
wire
BOY.
amus-
16
piece of
small
A
following illustration.
This
entirely constructed
by Alfred
was
The
over
any
.
BY
the
Sharpe,
on
Take
"
difficulties
would
in
years
the
simulating
real
snipe.
The
following
may
the
which
emit
spark.
in g
"
"
BUILT
boy, and
a
master
can
object
finger
will
small
""
dry,
a
and
your
it
air
over
day
metallic
the
tricky flight of the
ENGINE
your
briskly
cold
in
curves
the
that
rub
you
well
very
a
on
best
works
by E. H. Klip-
stein.
MECHANICAL
RABBITS
TARGET
FOR
PRACTICE.
The
latest
mechanical
like the
The
real
Goods
is laid
railway, and
the
a
the
of
by
rabbit
such
knows
are
being
England.
Along
which
is sent
them
and
contrivance
the
rabbit
by
toboggan
flying across
where
is
of
the
it
cords,
to
offers.
who
will
take
his
Another
snipe-throwing
of
the
three
smoothly
belts
The
never
operator,
ready
Engine
Built
by
14-Year-Old
Boy
the
of
sportsman
the
means
be
must
the
miniature
a
and
targets,
first, but
when
of
a
runs
in
says:
is
and
spring. Of course
rabbit
hops up and dojyn, in the manner
What
i*eal galloping bunny.
makes
a
matter
more
confusing is that there are
it
force
targets
schools
Dealer
sort
practice
jumps
These
shooting
Sporting
ground
target
which
thing.
the
in
used
in
thing
rabbit
it
and
to
without
his
noise.
mother's
supporting part of
babbitt, the, cylinder
rods
and
other
leases
re-
of
of steel
parts
He
sewing
the
engine
frequently
machine.
brass,
or
is
and
made
the
iron.
start
shot
good
catapult,
A
steel
diameter
be
erected
chimney
has
in
just
230
been
Mexico.
ft.
8 ft. in
high and
and
will
completed
POPULAR
5b"
M
MECHANICS
Things
FOR
Can
Boy
a
E C H A N I C S.
AMERICA
YOUNG
Make
Out
Old
of
Bicycle
Parts
There
are
of
out
sell
either
his
things
many
at
profit, or
good
a
make
can
he
can
more
them.
on
some
rack
like Fig. 1.
be fitted up
may
of three
involves, first the employment
ered
10 inches
parts of tubes, about
long, soldat
into a disk
as
B, fitting the main
main
This
part A.
part is simply the cycle
bar
and
handle
The
stand
is
steering shaft.
an
sheetmetal
and
the
the
be
may
made
from
nut
wal-
shown.
used
cluster
a
wall,
a
of
tubes
and
provided with
this plug is driven
into
in
tool
part
a
and
tee
it upon
inscription, on
as
background
is
parts
shows
D
hold
frame
5
Fig.
way.
handles
the
of
part
Every
some
in
to
of
sort
or
joints.
hat
A
a
with
bicycles
purchased for $3.00 or $4.00 and the
realize
twice
much
as
ingenious
boy can
be
can
little wire
with
for
use
can
Second-hand
pleasure.
own
boy
a
bicycles,which
parts of old
plug
the
This
coated
with
black
and
the
will
sell for
varnish
The
polished.
shaft
stand
bars
and
$1:50.
~n*z
A
head
of
the
framing
punching
awl
an
tube
straight
is driven
mandrel
and
the
tires
with
curled
Rip
them
furnish
tin
tires
may
picture
as
in
into
The
3
The
sold
and
be
regulated.
frame
merely
the
cleaned
is
and
and
is a
two
the
Fit
disks.
of
at
for
another
repainted
This
of
is
on
for
little tube
a
tube,
either
and
furrow
inserted
end
for
a
drel
man-
this
screw
carrier,
fitting
one
closed
holding
with
tacks,
ZD
two
each
inches
10
is
hardwood
CD
disk
a
The
be
pieces
F
is
sections
other
for
utilized
stool
nursery
is simply set
or
bar
sell
there
shaft
this
is
ments
arrange-
C, which
height of the
These
brings
clean
cents
may
about
part
stuff
back.
75
seat
four
being
that
a
with
of
connecting
Fig. 2.
in
for
little hall
a
saddle
tubing
then
and
and
chisel.
soldered
supporting
for
The
union
so
can
be
The
the
each
circle
frames.
Fig.
results.
the
wheels
and
wire
represented
into
the
hair
with
them
as
of
off
a
or
within
^Fig5
7"Z
which
a
E
tool.
into
with
driver
made
required,
tool
similar
or
tubing,
high.
is
and
7c9 5~
justable,
ad-
saddle
$1.00 each.
dollar
u
when
fitted
etc.
(;
portion
for
is
a
mallet-like
sustaining
"soft"
work.
tool,
the
H
wood
is
a
wifn
or
the
lead
prick tool
tube
pings
made
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
6u
From
PHotograpHing
of
Reach
the
Within
Captive
a
Photographer,
Longer
Every
Amateur
no
It
quite possible
is
its
of
all
almost
and
expense
apparatus
the
the
in
our
purpose
any
great
convenient
force
to
its
envelope
owner
fair
any
day
he
wish
to
may
balloon
need
than
more
feet
500
the
balloon
will
altitude, but
fined
con-
gas
be
to
ascend
to
an
ascent
of
the
made,
gas
into
shreds
if there
small
amount
a
For
not
were
the
for
the
Over
silk
light, strong
of
half
lower
cords
would
expansive
the
tear
soon
of
silk
not
were
the
some
to
gas
feet
of
envelope place a network
to the
hanging down
the
and
envelope,
having
cords
A
hoop.
a
capacity
attached
lines
leading
or
it to
of
inflated
be
can
ing
fasten-
for
balloon
500
cubic-
in
about
two
a
camera
hours.
photographs
the
taking
For
the
carry
of
means
pacity
ca-
(simply
enough
large
to
of
be
not
cubic
the
of
greatly increases.
escape.
it.
use
The
balloon
miles
several
is
on
force
expansive
ishes,
the
that
small
so
a
sional"Expense
Profes-
or
Obstacle.
an
the
photographs
take
to
captive balloon
of
is robbed
experiment
from
Balloon
of
and
camera
ments)
attach-
light
and
ed
inflat-
be
may
by
running
tube
a
the
from
ordinary
household
gas
to
meter
the
balloon.
The
and
close
of
some
for
the
with
balloon
thick
coat.
The
spherical in shape
of
light material
is
silk
strong,
linseed
neck
of
one
Stitch
purpose.
together with
the
be
very
Light
texture.
materials
well
should
balloon
made
the
gores
fine silk and
coat
oil varnish"
the
of
best
the
a
balloon
very
Fig.
2
where
box
form
it
to
with
is
infinity
the
angle
Fig.
frames,
desired.
1.
Fit
Bausch
a
this
electromagnet
an
which
being
will
it is
the
The
as
gas
is entered
purpose
the
pressure
in
this
of
is
described
length of the captive line may
be taken
photographs
may
elevation
of 150 feet and
good ones
commonly
is
the
that
external
on
left open.
feet.
We
long
line,
with
ascending,
air
dimin-
would
as
and
results.
there
recommend
is
altitudes
The
a
the
pleasure
and
captive
by
battery,
a
ther.
fur-
The
1
the
performed
vary.
at
Excellent
Tig.
a
Fig.
in
release
with
be
in
it until
and
connected
arrangement
any
camera
shown
as
hold
to
operation
lar
triangu-
set at
the
of
"hook
the
in
be
clearly shown
lens
hook
at
attaching
screw-clamped
can
shutter,
remove
shutter,
it
is
the
Lomb
and
to
This
to
2, arranging
time
that
so
focused
For
hoop use
sides, mounted
its
at
slides
convenient.
balloon
trunnions
side
half-dark
most
an
500
of
use
in
comparing
line
at
a
menting
experieffects
should
be
POPULAR
Broomwater
3.
Fig.
Creek,
strong and
light and
cable
with
wound
1GO
into
gle
sin-
a
flexible
double-strand
a
reel
runs
of
plug
terminal
ball
on
the
bearings
wires
two
the
on
are
and
inner
the
connected
with
that
terminal
reel, so
at
connected
be
battery
may
is desired.
the electric current
a
a
moment
The
relation
there be any
it down, should
for the
proceedings. If the frame
is ready, tie the
leading strings to
camei-a
to tie them
securely
the hoop, being careful
the
swing
Insert
and
at equal lengths.
in the hoop, connecting
frame
of the camera
the loose
Pass
it firmly by two
long bolts.
front
into the
of the
wires
partition
ends
in
the
and
slide
dark
the
If
balloon
200
of
carry
and
apply
current
the
reel and
that
shutter
by
up
lifting the
battery to the
The
5.
Fig.
battery
for
controlling
the
current
the
With
the
around
it up,
is
a
its neck
and
of
releases
shown
transmission
the
shutter
of
ering
cov-
tie
off and
the
plate and
of the
matter
prepared
apparatus
of
little
time
balloon, tie
your
are
ready
until you
bags of sand to the
and
string
a
to
send
leading
himself
craft
change
sudden
the
run
in
up
in
To
One
elevation
by
this
photographer
the
his
take
change the
again. The
steady
very
views,
susceptible
ballast.
change
balloon
did
be
on
turned
be
then
down.
shutter,
the
to take
ascend
send
that
the
net
electromagposure.
effecting the ex-
may
is held
whereas
would
so
hauled
reset
balloon
method,
and
balloon
view,
another
of
means
current
The
in
electric switch
captive
much
Inflate
trouble.
time
an
lens.
this
rest
the
which
is also
reel
has
the
air, until it releases
in the
hook
sired
de-
as
and
both
conductor,
the
the
button
the
plug, press
connection
tude.
alti-
to
reel, insert
the
to
brake
a
ft,
length
far
as
and
100
your
regard
ascended
it has
lens
reel
up"
to
in
wishes
your
When
the
the
camera
farther, according
ft., or
line
the
the
set
the
with
Release
pointing downwards.
let the
wanted,
trunnions,
its
on
is
view
plan
true
a
camera
the
for
hook
place.
in
of
minal
ter-
Insert
front; set the
holding it
its
remove
adjust the
and
shutter
the
to
electromagnet.
the
of
them
fasten
and
camera
screws
Fig'. 5.
Elevation
an
strings to hold
of
the
at
Feet.
sulated delay
in-
ing
conductor, such as is used in maktelephone connections.
and
reel for winding
a
In Fig. 5 is shown
The
three-strand
cable.
this
unwinding
ends
Photographed
England,
of
both
61
MECHANICS.
to
the
aerial
the
least
tells
aeronaut
of
20
or
30
of
feet
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
62
TO
HOW
MAKE
BURGLAR
SIMPLE
A
the
It
M'CALL.
THOMAS
and
thus
may
be
closer
a
piece
of
Inches
foT
the
base.
in
way
Take
any
wood
any
desired.
For
the
8
finished
be
may
by
6
about
This
circuit
to
this
for
Some
chess
officers
United
The
York"
not
was
the
The
officers
on
Francisco
Several
of
game
of
the
CONTACT
by
telegraphy,
they
The
ship.
same
"Boston"
the
won
gaged
en-
chess
cisely
pre-
had
been
of
players
game.
POINTS
KANSAS
CONTACT
the
ships
almost
moves
though
as
on
wireless
their
making
to
miles
"Boston."
two
'
means
ern
west-
the
cruiser
the
of
''New
cruiser
the
Navy
ago.
down
Bay.
away
S.
game
long
San
from
in
U.
the
novel
States
Magdalena
POSTS,
of
cruising
was
coast
#
,o?
GAME.
most
record
on
"
CHESS
the
will
it
alarm.
"~~"
played
BINDING
burned
fire
a
as
NOVEL
O
TO
is
string
act
I/O
-J"
a
chanics
Me-
Popular
23, 1903.
the
0
"jj
liable
Such
seconds.
in
cuit
cir-
is
contact
described
May
also
the
on
automatic
an
the
few
a
point
circuit.
use
as
only
was
If
if
the
will
spring
contact
complete
closer
for
points
contact
the
best
the
broken
or
to
-with
made
be
to
cut
lever
the
left
BY
is
string
puli
ALARM.
WHEAT
IN
DEMAND.
The
of Kansas
are
grain dealers
shipping
states
other
into
quantities of wheat
the
and
publishes
a prominent
milling paper
in explanation
of where
following cartoon
METAL
great
SL-
brass
use
inches
in
Take
inch
shown.
using
in
screws
metal
to
desired.
the
this
other
a
almost
of
this
to
this
to
make
string
window
pull it
to
In
may
and
the
the
to
be
any
contact
en
Fast-
be
can
end
fasten
a
fastened
on
tained
obend
the
Also
of
fasten
lever
string
the
to.
a
of
the
the
to
the
across
movement
point
en
fast-
leading
lower
the
of
end
Fasten
X.
ly,
free-
swing
ends
which
wire
of
lever
the
Near
marked
hole
small
a
the
(S)
copper
be
can
a
of it will
C-C.
screw
a
post.
This
or
the
strip of
diagram.
anywhere.
screw
binding
make
between
piece marked
spiral spring
this
which
in the
end
one
loosely
3
about
up
if
post on the board
about
piece of metal
and
shown
that
not
Under
wire
length
shape
ends
position as
top of the board
the
another
iu
so
but
to
binding
a
be
will
2x/-"or
vertical
a
copper
Take
inches
it in
a
which
the
nails.
or
fasten
connected
bend
this
Fasten
metal
piece about
a
and
length
one-half
4%
sheet
any
or
satisfactory.
door
it
right.
will
If
favorite
state
brands
of
flour
get
their
supply.
Mills
the
in
Missouri
practically
river
are
every
state
buying
Kansas
east
of
wheat.
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
MECHANICS
MAKE
TO
A
POPULAR
CHANICS. in. from
ME-
in
one
yd. of cloth,
%
box
for covers,
pasteboard
shoestring, a
and
some
heavy
one
Fig.
Make
Binder
a
at
except
the
back
Next
even.
with
cut
back
the
cloth, Fig. 1, with
farther
each
a
the
of
apart
to
the
the
in.
the
back
wide
of
Cut
the
cloth
on
over
the
the
cloth
as
as
they
*4
the
Cut
on
wide
extend
over
Any
around
the
Paste
the
one
the
the
cover,
back
and
lay,
pasting
and
long
turn
every
The
materials
7 in.
long, and
for
yond
be-
each
the
use
in.
holes
shoe-
Fig. 2." Contributed
Mo.
HAMMOCK.
a
hammock
that
at
the
of
there
required
of
on
two
pounds
Mechanics
Complete
a
the
which
of
family
are
big
a
eye,
to knit
possess
for
enough
needle
an
about
iron
two
the
hemp
as
small
so
can
hammock,
strong
good
as
cost
a
places
are
with
end
sticks
smooth
and
and
member
providing
them.
hanging
enough
1*4 in.
and
1%
two
and
A
make
can
bought
be
a
as
other
in
as
MAKE
in-
ume
vol-
down
margin,
to fit
piece of stiff paper
the
Take
back.
a
piece of
V-fe in.
"smoothly.
and
paste
to
covers
back,
corresponding
Mexico,
TO
HOW
one
cloth
Bore
the
on
that
V-k in. margin.
leaving
covers,
complete
by L. L. Winans,
off
covers
edges
thickness
to
string
can
bound.
be
strip 1
the
Make
vi?e.
from
should
they
Place
cover.
than
which
in.
Mechanics
Popular
For
end.
the
above
%
holes
strips of the binder
the
in
show
to
middle,
the
each
from
Cut
the pasteboard
into two
covers,
than
the magazine,
larger all around
paper.
% inch
be
To
1.
back
3/16-in.
three
Get
AMERICA
YOUNG
FOR
FOR
BINDER
63
ring
long
hammock
cord
or
to hold
all together.
"strip." Paste
on
The
twine
colored
in any
twine.
be
may
the
exact
size
pieces of paper
color
combination
of colors
desired.
A
or
of the magazine,
pasted on the inside of each
end
of the hammock
Roman
at each
stripe
and
the
of
cloth,
the
edges
cover
protects
The
makes
cost of the materials
a pretty effect.
Let dry slowly.
adds
to the appearance.
should
not exceed
75 cents.
of
and
even,
With
backs
magazines
edges
45 in. wide
A
will not
be
too
hammock
set up
%
tight allowing
place in a vise and
each
Two
=?lf
3E
Fig.
2.
Binder
for
Popular
64
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
for
large
thread
left
the
you
then
tongue,
needle
the
the
to
needle
is
full.
make
to
or
a
from
the
mesh
stick
Place
loop.
the
under
cord
the
the
over
the
the
these
tires
used
to
push
button
It
was
and
duction
in-
sized
with
dry batteries
six
coil
were
whenever
a
manipulated.
was
feet
fore
good
connected
induction
quite evident
two
A
shop.
through
about
the
run
is
its
the
into
coil
over
on
that
when
the
edge
rat
a
of
put
the
pan
cord
of
door
and
knob
place. Tie the
loop three inches
this
to
length
to the
convenient
of
end
edge close
fasten
yard
the
under
cord
2-yd.
a
needle
the
on
Cut
loop and
other
some
cord
the
pass
opposite side and catch it
Repeat this operation until
tongue.
and
first
it
holding it in
in place with
the
cord
have
looped the cord
hold
until
knit
and
big needle
hand,
thumb
To
comfort.
solid
the
the
with
small
beveled
the
to the
on
loop, and, with a thumb
the needle
place, pass
the stick and
around
then, point downward,
it through
the loop from
the
top, and
pass
the stick so forming
then
the
bring it over
cord
the
to
first half
Pull
hold
it in
the
of
knot.
this
hold
in place
with
a
tight and
while
thumb
the
cord
over
throwing
your
forms
the loop. 'Pass
the needle
hand, which
from
under
the loops and
draw
fast
through
to
the
fasten
Hold
knot.
this in place and
repeat the operation.
Make
off
30 of these
the
and
the
next
with
way
first
through
made
for
first
may
the
The
work
Make
be
same
the
needle
made
and
little trouble
a
right, but
quite rapidly.
proceeds
in
carefully and
have
to
iron
put
durable,
after
row
that
in
order
that
RAT
Trap
mush
the
to eat
electrical
an
of
would
two
air
be
and
out
end.
the
or
three
made
be
when
feet
in
The
squeak.
rat
the
rangement
ar-
effective, for
all departed
and
the
rats
too
regretted that their fun was
Contributed
D. Adams,
by John
"
we
the
shop
all
boys
EXTERMINATOR.
contained,
rat, and
in
quite
the
week
it
would
terrific
a
proved
a
the
up
thrown
let
which
connection
through the body
the
button
pushed
after
ELECTRIC
Bat
Electric
rows
other
and
be
must
knots
thirty
strong
is apt
first
them
the
loops to the
work
One
done.
push
thirty
the
hammock,
getting the
the
passing
row.
last
evenly
in
of
tie the
is finished.
then
row,
Stretchers
and
place
and
proceed
each
the
then
and
ring.
knots
stick
at
an
nix,
Phoe-
Arizona.
Some
in
time
ago
large
rats
a
we
troubled
were
around
storehouse
merous
by nushop, particularly
the
about
hundred
one
feet
did
distant, where
they often
considerable
One
of the boys thought
he would
damage.
try a plan of electrical
extermination, and
in
order
an
to
old
under
zinc
6 in. in
floor
stove
a
plan he
in
mounted
the
tin pan
placed a small
diameter, being careful that
nails
made
the
zinc
between
an
a
been
about
up
used
wooden
On
center.
he
picked
had
plate that
and
diameter
his
out
carry
from
a
wire
the
was
zinc
run
from
plate through
to
build
wireless
this
6
of
pan
the
article
descriptive
complete
a
telegraph
this
TELEGRAPH.
WIRELESS
illustrated
how
in
A
department
next
month.
FOR
BOYS.
telling
set
working
instruments,
will
of
appear
disc
in.
in
BOOK
none
electrical
the
An
BUILD
disc
the
tening
fas-
connection
the tin pan.
plate and
This
was
apparatus
placed on the floor of
the warehouse
where
it was
plainly visible
in the shop where
-..from a window
worked
we
and
TO
HOW
and
another
intervening
have
We
in
department
the
boy
cents
should
the
articles
of
America."
in
reprinted
number
"Mechanics
"How
Tells
have
postpaid.
book
which
a
copy;
to
64
form
have
for
Build."
pages;
a
large
appeared
Young
Every
price 25
POPULAR
HOW
TO
MECHANICS
FOR
MAKE
STEAM
A
MINIATURE
YOUNG
In
TURBINE
of
With
old
an
little work
made
toy
it will
but
horsepower
steam
as
not
can
ten
generate
of
some
boiler
engine
turbine
steam
a
the
and
and
thousand
the
giant
When
have
you
the
to do
its to make
a
thick
and
in
3"H" in.
the
around
points
of
about
Mark
circle
of
tine
a
3-16
Flan
each
of
should
then
brass
and
shown
at
into
the
take
axle
in
nail,
sharpen each end
nail
securely into
Now
we
is
there
the
on
formerly
may
inch
length
wire.
with
the
bent
and
a
small
side
same
into
fastened
the
hole
to
a
Force
in
the
boiler.
the
of
piece
the
head
brass
boiler, which
the
bend
the
the
of
The
manner
As
was
joined to a four or fivebound
and
tubing
rubber
pipe is then attached
tube
to a piece of metal
to
the
shown
base
in
with
the
a
drawing
staple.
made
inches
of
sheet
1
the
brass
second
hole
of
in
board
A
of
Then
block
at
the
fairly good
long
idea
to
the
same
brass
bearings
foot
one
this
put
piece of
these
and
screw
end
axle.
the
Fasten
a
wide.
in the
of
on
to
and
a
six
the
way
Turbine
the
is to be
wheel
from
The
run.
lamp
steam
mounted
be
may
obtained
sketch.
the
turbine
is
the
wheel
will
and
complete
obtained
from
and
burner
Bunsen
or
now
is
Power
when
rapidity." Contributed
Orange, N. Y.
by
alcohol
under
with
revolve
E.
to
ready
an
full
able
considerH.
Klip
stein, East
TO
HOW
THROUGH
SEE
YOUR
HAND.
tub
rubber
shape
base
and
of
disc.
engine, this
steam
the
first block.
and
be
now
the
of
to
For
point.
central
back
connected
piece
in
a
and
spoon.
off
fine
a
go
generally
left
ing
may
to
a
cut
or
wedge
cuts
saw
of
shape
wire
a
the
Steam
figure
the
Then
sketch.
of
copper
of
shape
the
the
in
in.
paddles
sheet
of
made
cut
A
Twelve
points.
be
tightly into
paddles
them
these
the
as
blocks
one
one-inch
a
of the
into
the
of
point
height
the
point
other
screw
two
thick
of
plate
hole
}4 in.
wood,
end
small
a
fit the
all
saw
of
off the
thing
twelve
intervals
equal
with
next
wood
diameter.
at
Cut
around.
way
disc
the
edge of the
points being
tbe
boiler
flat
small
a
make
high, y2 in.
tiny hole which
should
very
fit
the axle.
For the opposite
ing
bear-
a
make
wheel
in.
the
screw
point
also
3
On
punch
hie
do.
at
wide.
turbines
the
each
blocks
easily be
AMERICA
mounting
wood
in.
a
t"6
MECHANICS.
Roll
about
a
tube
5
in.
out
of
square,
piece of pasteboard
end
one
having
just
a
hand
the
the eye and
to fit around
enough
Take
tween
bethe tube
slightly smaller.
the
thumb
and
finger of the
right
and
put the large end close against the
right
eye.
other
end
large
other
Hold
of
the
your
tube
left
and
hand
keep
against
boil
the
eyes
"e
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
will appear
There
open.
and
hand
your
all
it will
like
seem
OF
^Yith
needle
found
3/16-in.
a
side
points
spur
the
to
stove
the
wide
bed,
shaft
in.
this
Bolt
long.
two
plate
flat-headed
four
with
diameter
in
plate.
and
long,
by
5/8
or
use
board
a
in.
32
the
of
base
and
long
to
machine
hold
arm.
wood
will
Fasten
with
the
a
rest
of
pair
of
legs
of
inch
of
the
clinch
rail
table
by
if
needed.
Next
make
2%
rail,
the
tool
a
in.
board
or
screw
machine
number
rest, of
together.
Screw
this
the
6
in.
Make
a
in.
from
One
inch
block,
and
force
wood.
from
the
32
O
Sfrur
end
T-rail
x
3
x
%
crank
centers
of
this
nearest
for
slide
act
in., and
Certte-r.
a
in any
of
the
as
a
to
back
get
a
in.
1%
mounted
when
make
5
in.
The
into
boring
the
*4-in. bolt
is
a
to
set
fit the
cut
inches
on
to
from
the
on
a
crank
the
hole,
in
the
hold
Place
crank,
the
of
thread
its
screw
a
ly.
rapid-
too
end
3/16-in.
a
block, and
crank
allow
wood
position desired.
to
and
prevents
cup
outer
5, bore
Fig.
At
crank
which
of
out
from
the
taper
crank
a
shown.
as
the
a
strap
end
head-
plain nut
end.
back
Too/rest
"""J
5, B.
Now.
in., and
project.
bearing,
one-half
and
2%
for
end
This
threaded
nut,
motion.
x
screws,
smoothly
center
center,
point
the
line
T-rail.
in., Fig.
blacksmith
a
cup
centers.
with
%
thus
cap
the
threaded
point
its center
another
pieces
make
3/16
crank
large
move
spur
center
that
center
x
side
of
Have
machine
so
the
%-in. holes
of
two
and
board
along
beginning
machine.
firmly
the
the
pieces, with
%
4
the
long,
dead
the
each
over
Nail
with
exactly
apart
projects
in.
the
T-
a
5 x % x 32 in.,
Three-quarters-
one
in.
32
x
boards.
smaller
the
on
boards,
%
x
8
x
that
screw
scribed.
tail-piece just deAt
exactly the height of the spur
bore
through this block
a
%-in. hole,
5.
Fig.
making
machine
wider
the
nails,
coincides
Bore
V/o
other
level
made
two
7
no
middle
so
over
hardwood
than
the
center
and
spur
be
board
of
rail, Fig. 4, of two
the
ft. between
2
this
last
with
of
higher
Let
snugly
pieces
forth
block
limit
iy2 in.
x
6V2X
board
a
edges, Fig. 5, A,
tail-piece should
and
on
the
to these
more
This
a
fit
turned, get
be
in., and on
pieces 7 x %
two
centers.
to
%
x
two
gives
part
3/16-in.
four
the
made
This
is, the
turned,
7
dead
apart.
tail-piece, that
3.
the
as
center
diameter,
in
in.
on
5/16
shaft
plate
bolts, 3/16 in.
For
as
holes
in.
3/16
long, Fig.
in.
%
the
of
four
drill
have
or
V/2
countersink
center
File
front
it, the
will
shaft
which
secure,
it to fit the
in
in.
the
in
1, leaving
the
of
in
steel
or
piece of iron
Drill
and
Fig. 2.
a
holes
6*4
make
this
parallel to
ing
contain-
arm
Fig.
end
plate,
Now
holes.
and
LATHE
AB
the
On
round
a
To
Fas-ten
in.
being
lines
but
%
x
Trail
MACHINE.
off the
cut
line
on
only.
shaft
the
be
1%
x
them,
sees
eye
SEWING
hack-saw,
a
the
beyond,
WOOD-TURNING
A
OLD
AN
larger
be
hand.
MAKE
TO
OUT
32
will
actually
is
eye
right
through
it
objects
the
the
too, through
HOW
left
of
seeing
the
hole
a
beyond
The
visible.
plainly
doing
be
to
objects
l/t"vs.
Fig.4
font.
to
One
of
the
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
68
MECHANICS
A
MAKE
TO
HOW
By
In
which
will
It
be
anyone
made
without
tools
usually
be
other
well
as
the
as
of
use
Burkhart
wheel
useful.
even
%
the
wheel
lathe,
of
the
wheel
the
place
chine
ma-
the
a
reach
of
out
a
L.
A.
ENGINE
TURBINE
which
and
make,
can
interesting,
very
can
or
is described
article
following
the
AMERICA
YOUNG
FOR
in.
other
the
all
the
space
piece
of
around.
way
firmly, and
down
between
wood
is
Then
other
the
tack
an
nail
slightly.
piece
Procure
it out
pins
the
that
so
the
and
thin
a
shown
as
small
or
board
in
nails,
square
the
on
of
pieces
*4 in. thick, and
nail
Fig. 3; then
of
one
this
to
center
wood.
Fit
cut
it, with
of
the
pieces just finished, with the thin wheel
in.
but
first boring
a
%-in. hole
%
of it; and
boring a %-in.
deep, in the center
at
the
same
hole
place.
entirely through
two
down"
Now
put
mold
No.
shall
call
this
mold)
IX
""
mechanic.
amateur
model
a
metal
is the
being
for
wheel
be
must
ft.
12
square,
one
with
a
casing
fact
which
1x12
pine board
six
pieces 12
off
knife.
Make
lug
cut
saw,
Fig. 1, following
lug a, and
the
be
b to
the
compass
in
lines, leaving
and
with
out
cut
the
a
out
the
jections
pro-
pocketand
V" in. deep,
a
in.
in.
the
cut
The
entire
projections B, b, % in. deep.
should
be slightly beveled.
and
cut
another
take
Now
piece of wood,
also
This
in Fig. 2.
out
wheel, as shown
a
it is
When
be
should
slightly beveled.
of the square
pieces
finished, place it on one
then
the
with
of wood,
largest side down,
Fig. 1
piece out of which
place the square
was
cut, around
side
down.
mold
out
"open"
the
side.)
edge
with
wheel,
the
(We
of
as
Babbitt
The
molds.
a
dotted
B
keep
part,
its construction,
in halves"
Cut
shown
as
to
solid
efficient,
power.
in
planed
a
long.
and,
piece
the
mind.
in
First, procure
by
used
is cast
kept
and
wooden
in
cast
the
and
is neat
It
material
careful
Be
in
we
six
bore
1
speed
for
it.
out
what
is
vise, and
a
*
Fig.
and
well
holes
that
(for
in
through
i^-in. holes
these
1
which
shall
a
call
with
that
casting
Place
it
the
under
so
is
that
square
the
side
drawn,
it is
even
open
of
by
the
at
black
the
in
dots
the
mold
clean
out
of
it
away
apart, and
bolt
it; then
to dry.
take
Now
another
it
between
two
all
the
it out
the
shavings
After
of
the
12-in.
as
Take
1.
Fig.
together, and
of
pieces of wood, and cut
Fig. 4, slightly beveled.
place
a
piece and
shown
lay it
square
in
shown
it is
finished,
12-in. -square
should
of which
pieces of wood, one
its center.
through
%-in. hole bored
bolt together Avith six %-in. bolts, as
have
Then
shown
a
MECHANICS.
POPULAR
by the black
dots
tj dry.
is Mold
This
Now
Mold
take
babbitt
pour
Let
it stand
the
bolts
Now
the
and
of
in
level
the
shown
other
No.
This
5.
Put
this
the
right-handed
together
The
in babbitt
metal
again.
piece; and run
will
face
made
together
casting thus
the
casting previously made.
Pour
metal
Mold
into
is
ed,
left-hand-
is
one
of
1, instead
12-in.-square
Fig.
in
right-handed.
the
Mold
bolts
casting.
of
Fig. 1, only the
as
the
'place, and
it, until it is full.
loosen
hour, then
an
the
as
that
see
a
into
one
wood
same
on
half
out
2.
1;
it
remove
cut
pieces
No.
metal
for
lay it away
Fig. 4, and
No.
tight; lay
all
are
in
2.
No.
with
This
will
to
which
is intended
paddle-wheel,
turn
inside of the casting already made.
holes
If there
or
should
to be any
happen
the casting did not
fill out, fill
spots, where
them
with
by placing a small
piece of wood
cast
a
hole
a
in
If
it,
in
take
obtain
of
the
in
bore
it, and
16
strip about
a
the
put
and
of
top
bench,
the
the
fasten
3
Fig.
5
and
part,
a
drill
a
%-in.
of
use
fasten
Brace
through the end
2 in. wide;
long and
brace
through this hole,
hole
a
in.
end
other
shown
as
the
brace,
ordinary
an
Using
drill
defective
Fig.
fill it up.
to
cannot
you
press,
the
over
metal
pouring
69
in
of
the
strip
to
Find
illustration.
a
the
of the
place it under
paddle-wheel,
and
drill
a
drill,true it up with
square;
Find
the centers
of the
it entirely through.
ccntor
the
insides
them
the
diameter
for
the
face
to
into
the
slot
in
slot
slot
to
key
the
a
distance
turned
shaft
the
metal
Pour
wheel.
the
is
the
paddle-wheel,
the
of
paddle-
of
flat part
in.
the
in
inside
shaft
the
with
wheel,
a
from
in.
V/2
%
This
off flat for
shaft
cut
the
place
and
obtained.
be
Commencing
Then
1 in.
of
long, and
5 in.
steel
now
end, file the
one
drill
manner.
must
shaft.
a
and
castings,
two
other
same
piece of mild
A
in
the
of
in
wheel
to
on
the
shaft.
The
inside
to
file
order
paddle-wheel
of
of
some
to
let
is
now
casing.
the
the
the
ends
It
to
ready
be
may
off
the
paddle-wheel
be
fitted
necessary
paddles,
go
into
in
the
POPULAR
70
casing.
turn
After
it is fitted
easily,
place
vise, and
bore
lug,
in
one
other
in
dots
Fig. 6.
the
two
Also
the
two
M-in. holes
of
in
in
in.
in
as
good
a
wide
the
it around
wrap
stick,' letting it extend
end
shoulder
in.
beyond
spindle, as at B, Fig. 2. Push
shingle nail through the paper
in
projection
d, Fig. 6.
the
the
%
the
of
ordinary
an
Fig. 1, y" in. in diameter.
cure
Proabout
6
quality of stiff paper
and
the
of
"i
fit it between
bolt
and
d,
at
and
Then
down,
screw
hole
spindle
a
port-hole
exhaust
gasket
castings.
together,
the
bore
and
piece
a
it will
machine
in the
^4-iri.holes, one
projections, B, b, and the
base, as shown
by the black
b, and
out
that
so
three
projection B,
Cut
in,
entire
the
the
in
the
MECHANICS.
""in.
4^ B
castings
connect
a
the
to
boiler.
The
reader
babbitt
of
and
get
set
screw,
around
either
must
metal,
collar
a
and
the
cast
else
or
turned, with
with
edge.
three
Cut
machinist
a
boss
a
small
small
a
pulley out
a
to
go
and
a
holes
screw
wooden
wheel
Snttancejf
steam.
a
Outletjfst"am
/?n
machine?,
Diagramof complete
Fig. 6
of
out
fasten
turn
wood;
the
the
steam.
on
chisel, and,
the
turn
Your
shaft
it is
the
to
will
TO
can
make
Fourth
of
Take
a
a
very
will
A,
true
be
do)
7
in.
Fig. 1, 4 in.
and
the
(a
long.
from
smooth
muzzle
as
of
it;
and
knife
or
Fig.
been
reliable
CANNON
for
his
the
of
curtain
Make
a
shoulder
end, making
possible,
the
into
cannon.
as
this
Make
the
extreme
A, Fig. 2.
This
Having
finished
pail of
sand,
sand
in
top
extend
it
sand.
Then
melted
lead
little above
at
the
the
spindle
fuse
as
hole.
the
surface
of
the
and
cylinder with
paper
let cool.
the nail
Pull out
the
and
off
the
stick, scrape
paper
is ready for mounting
in Fig. 3."
cannon
as
Contributed
LanesS. Chapman,
by Chas.
Minn.
""
The
world's
it
as
from
91,000
is
to
tons
during
the
of
form
fill the
roller
as
end
is to
this, place stick and all in
not
to get the
being careful
at
the
letting the opening
and
a
3
and
boro,
piece
one
ity
abil-
following
cannon
by
at
a
little mechanical
a
and
2
Fig.
Fig.
fully
care-
service.
LEAD
1
a
for
ready
have
July celebration
instructions
given here:
stick
a
now
good
A
has
who
to
""
MAKE
boy
Any
is
do
"
fast
turbine;
running at full speed,
shape desired.
instructions
followed,
HOW
the
take
engine
if
and
collar
of
Then
while
wheel
turbine
work,
the
screw
it to
349,866
"
"
production
tons
1901-1904.
tons
in
increased
of copper
(1801-1810)
This
1904.
to
2,269,199
country
duced
pro-
POPULAR
HOW
MAKE
TO
MECHANICS.
WIRELESS
A
By
G.
TELEGRAPH
wireless
in
telegraphy
plan shown
worked
sketch
is
one
accompanying
Any other
by myself and is successful.
out
boy
easily make
can
eleven
am
coil
himself.
consists
of
I
to
the
oscillator and
one
is
gi-ound wire
The
key.
other
the
rods
receiver
When
the spark
%-in. spark between
a
and
a
oscillators, two
dry batteries
or
gap
pull
sketch.
the
of
the
When
nected
con-
oscil-
the
switch
key
heard
receiver.
in
dashes
the
and
short
TRANSMITTER.
turned
switch
Use
for
ones
the
will
sound
long
on
and
on
the
pressed
When
little.
a
is
transmitting
nected
con-
out, just
coherer
thumps
and
receiver
telephone
a
in
through telegraphing
pull off the
the
receiving apparatus.
giving
transmitting
shown
the
so
and
as
connect
induction
an
batteries
dry
old.
years
transmitter
The
for
one
SYSTEM
Collins
E.
The
the
7]
be
buzzes
for
dots.
RECEIVER
COPPER
POO
COPPCP
INDUCTION
POD
COII-.
LOCAL
TRANSMITTING
CIRCUIT
"
KCr
rr
_G/U"VH"f
is connected
lator
The
called
instrument
made
of
and
tube
so
that
they
of
the
tube.
nickel
a
When
the
then
is
be
AN
IN
ELECTRIC
the
center
Piles
the
are
mounted
three
FURNACE
AND
ON
WILL
against corrosion
water, is in use
with
covered
years
ago
are
and
in
must
'HOW
APPEAR
REGULATOR";
soon
be
also
an
SOON.
VERY
be
of
Columbia.
British
material
the
still in
to
action
the
and
excellent
treated
work
set
state
are
and
renewed.
CONSTRUCT
TO
withstand
to
and
teredo
those
not
preservation, while
the
teredo's
honeycombed
by
two
ARTICLE
sea
the
of
on
get
of
is said
that
pile covering
ravages
proof
end
each
completed
PREPARATION
ELECTRICIANS.
the
in the
the
at
A
1%
posts.
DESCRIPTIVE
IS
YOUNG
may
coherer
ANOTHER
MAKE
It
and
ends
these
by binding
base
into
in. apart
Between
filings.
wooden
1-16
are
fitted
rod
COVERING
PILE
TEREDO=PROOF
air.
be
may
filings loose
nickel
some
It
in. bore
1-16
System
sensitive
very
a
coherer.
of
copper
a
of
the
2 ft. in
wire
a
the
glass tube
a
long with
in.
to
consists
receiver
Telegraph
Wireless
Home=Made
A
NEXT
INTERESTING
GRAPH"
TELE-
WIRELESS
MONTH,
"HOW
WORK
TO
FOR
72
POPULAR
HOW
TO
MAKE
A
TOY
MECHANICS
BATTERY
MOTOR
LIFT
Qx/e
A
10=LB.
oHuAtcfft
stringMrticf^
Beit
raw
JW;",%
ZVaect
Top DieW
attac/iecttosmatkst
cfocA locrAs
in
The
materials
three
motor,
old
an
long
clockwork,
and
6
from
pulley
in.
and
smallest
board
fasten
the
in
a
in
it
the
board
about
the
and
the
clockwork
on
with
about
and
connect
the
pulley
6
in.
the
in
12
a
axle
RENEW
OLD
Remove
in.
the
knock
several
end
one
the
small
shell.
Place
of
the
of
the
it
Place
the
motor
the
work
clock-
the
motor
clockwork
by
to
BATTERIES
for.
A
holes
in
of
strong
connect
the
cell and
the
in
zinc
glass jar, fill
a
and
apparatus
the
covers
battery
full
whatever
that
good-sized
the
two-thirds
used
large wheel
from
DRY
paper
(or salt) solution
pulley of
the
TO
spring
main-
mechanism.
such
board
make
the
on
tery
bat-
batteries,
of
Remove
position that
will project over
the edge.
on
small
a
cells
clockwork
wheel
Fasten
and
wide.
the
are
necessary
four
or
WEIGHT
ammoniac
sal
the
terminals
current
is to
be
few
acid
drops of sulphuric
and
quickens
The
improves the action.
put
outcell will be nearly as
of the
great as
when
the
first bought.
tributed
Conbattery was
by C. W. Arbitt, Austin, Texas.
"
a
Side View
string belt.
cord
wheel
of
of about
Using
will
Now
chalkline
or
the
10
or
three
lift the
fasten
to
the
clockwork
12 lb.
or
on
four
a
piece of
axle
of
strong
large
and
put a weight
the end of the string.
batteries,
WEATHERPROOFING
TENTS
FOR
the
the
motor
weight up to the level of the
This experiment
without
clockwork
difficulty.
tributed
of
the
demonstrates
gearing." Conpower
Pa.
by W. J. Slattery, Emsworth,
Dissolve
4 oz. sulphate of zinc in 10 gal.
water; add % lb. sal-soda; stir well until
Put
dissolved, and add % oz. tartaric acid.
the
24
tent
hrs.
hang
up
Painting.
cover
in
Take
out
to
dry.
"
this
(do
solution
not
Grinnell's
and
wring
Hand
let
lie
it)
and
Book
on
POPULAR
HOW
We
TO
have
of
my
go
down
furnace
a
work
each
until
coal
it
burning
was
from
minutes
I
the
leave
on
and
other
I
how
will
it
is
tell
this
in
As
burn.
make
you
will
see
the
draft
and
to
is
run
finally is attached
This
piece of
to
other
side
which
terminates
above.
of
H
passes
in
a
any
This
the
pulley P and
small
piece of iron
to I.
To
is hinged
another
over
of
the
over
iron
straight
a
door
cord
the
convenient
piece of
G
is
pulley N
place in
iron
H
into
a
U-tube,
nected
conbeing
F
the
an
of
three
connected
up
points 1"2,
platinum
the
by
in
battery
are
coil
a
terminates
a
which
fused
is
is
armature
U-tube.
when
draft
door
D
is closed.
On
ing
arriv-
upstairs I pull the cord G, which
causes
the piece H
to become
fixed in the
vertical
This
of A.
the
position
by means
opens
draft
door
the
furnace
the
air
2.
flow
to
in
mercury
and
is held
is
the
M
end
end
B
and
an
the
furnace
iron
fixing the
piece H
position X, this being the normal
tion
posi-
takes
tened,
fas-
the
C
are
On
0.
C
is
glass flask
other
cells
the
which
lator
reguone
tube
J.
one
liter
the
Now
R
pivot
on
half
a
bichromate
the
some
same
to
to
with
further
A
A.
bell.
mercury,
T, and
draft
any
the
works
overflow
release
door
a
with
formance tube
per-
and
the
by
from
thirty
self-acting
putting
build
how
Fig. 1,
to
H.
rooms
a
the
to
up
just
attached
D, and
furnace
the
make
after
to
wire
operates.
Referring
cord
it
like
may
place
of
to
safe, without
opening
boys
in
to
which
close
part,
my
part
filled
twenty
to
would
furnace
attention
coal
concluded
which
a
was
9 o'clock, fill the
As
REGULATOR
FURNACE
stay
night and
in
good shape,
door.
draft
requires
device
the
and
winter
last
at
for
the
close
to
house
our
basement
with
there
in
73
ELECTRIC
AN
evening
in the
furnace
then
MAKE
MECHANICS
at
the
to
in
rise
F,
a
This
immediately
C
which
through
towards
it, raises
position
X.
This
A
Now
when
sutRciently it
up
expand
M
time.
same
heats
and
shuts
which
causes
little above
causes
in
causes
the
causes
the
current
a
turn
H
draws
to
furnace
the
point
to
R
drop to
door.
Now
the furnace, of course,
cools
the air in F to contract
time
any
the
the
raising of
wire
from
point Z
bell
and
the
draft
furnaces,
which
switch
The
manner:
keeps
D;
F, would
H
be
device
and
gave
made
drop, thus
to
worked
me
no
regulate
to
of
two-contact
A
throw
to
nections
con-
which
course,
be
in
to contracting
trouble
well
side
sealed
the
all
hole
the
of
into
wire
in
the
to
the
the
other,
tube.
same
about
way
thus
sealing
Another
wire
inch
an
is
from
the tube, one
must
Now, to bend
both
and
hands, in the flame
it, with
turn
draw
Quickly withconstantly until soft.
from
flame
and
bend, just as
you
wire.
would
Allow
to cool
a piece of copper
first.
hold
slowly.
The
short
several
tubes
piece of
rubber
The
total
of
cost
connected
are
with
a
tubing.
materials
for
ing
construct-
apparatus
will
cost
not
complete
dollar"
over
one
they cost me
sixty cents.
Contributed
by M. G. Kopf, Lewis
Institute,
"
"
Chicago.
a
of
through 3 and C,
This
closing door.
very
to
the
position
cooling too
up
furnace
is sufficientlyheated
will be
one
of pliers, from
pull it,by means
one
if glass
able
the
in this
work
and
most
platinum point
the
and
changing
door, of
due
has
lating
regu-
a
inserted
the
on
connection,
of
doors
3'. It would
fire, would
to
much,
used
coal
M
damper
low
a
similar
in
2 to
H
device
to D.
be
also
from
the
This
whether
fusing
of
make
of
means
therefrom.
be
the
is attached
could
by
me
can
side
C.
If
through
overheat,
is grounded
a
same
on
by simply
other
the
cord
D
found
damper,
tell
This
not.
or
bell
leading
to
quently
conse-
upstairs, will
bell
the
and
should
which
on
wire
serves
dropped
on
A,
signal
a
also
the
furnace
through
circuit
circuit
the
opening
at
thus
down,
causing
a
MECHANICS
POPULAR
74
last
MAKE
TO
HOW
air
A
FIRE
SIMPLE
ALARM
ing
caus-
ple
simis both
construction
in
simple
and
whatever.
which
fire alarm
A
winter
Its parts
illustration.
inexpensive
shown
is
are
in
the
follows:
as
of wood
piece of wood; B, block
A; S, S, two pieces of sheet brass
into a hook
about
at each
% in. wide, bent
the
end;
P, P, binding
posts
fastening
B, so that they come
springs S, S, to block
in contact
is a piece of wax
W
at C
crayon
the contact
at C
just long enough to break
A, small
nailed
FIG.
2
to
inserted
when
in
If
you
can
you
is
cannot
make
readily procure
I did, and
as
one,
a
U-tube,
the
work
interesting.
The
manner.
This
corner
dark
in
illustration.
in the
been
put together
parts have
the device
the manner
described, connect
circuit with
electric
an
bell, and
place it
behind
When
stove.
a
hot
too
the
will
wax
the
melt
at
stove
the
becomes
ends, allow-
U-tube
is constructed
in the following
end.
glass tube is closed at one
is done
in
tube
by holding the
one
of a gas
the
flame, somewhat
near
(A, Fig. 2), and
area
ing
constantly turn-
the
shown
as
these
When
tube,
when
it will
be
found
that
,S
,-P
A
/
ji
the
after
it
Now,
glass has melted
together.
is cool, about
3 or 4 inches
from
the sealed
is held
end, the tube
steadily so that the
flame
will heat
small
one
portion (B, Fig.
this small
blow
2). After
portion is heated
the
into
tube, not
hard, but
just
very
to cause
to bulge out.
tube
enough
Allow
Then
to cool.
the small
reheat
bulged portion,
blow
quite hard, so that the glass will
be blown
out
at this point, forming
small
a
Now
insert about
half inch
of plathole.
a
inum
wire
and
reheat,
holding
platinum
of a small
wire
pliers so that it
by means
and
will be partly in the tube
out.
partly withwill stick
The
to the
platinum
glass,
Simple
ing
the
alarm
springs
bell
A
of
of
an
heavy
contact
train
83
miles
electric
on
C,
at
the
and
by
ring." Contributed
will
speed
test
to
Alarm
the
J.
R.
Pa.
Mechanicsburg,
Comstock,
a
Fire
an
hour
was
locomotive
New
York
made
pulling
Central
in
a
cently.
re-
MECHANICS
POPULAR
FOR
MECHANICS
and
three
come
plates
Commercially,
and
one-half, or, in the
by three
and
slide
one-quarter
plate, three
FIFTY
FOR
CAMERA
PRACTICAL
A
inches.
four
an
and
tools
nails, you
nothing.
and
brass
for
The
this
for
It is better
purpose.
boxes
which
which
have
down,
cut
be
plate, until
hinged
Clean
all
the
paper
inside
of
the
box"
with
and
a
the
box
hole,
the
box,
an
wood,
and
inch
quarter
of
them
with
the
from
strips, which
size
a
to
the
the
other
1, and
are
hold
desired
of
carriage
will
inch
an
the
EE.
four
less
in
of
strips of
quarter
a
of
box.
location
plate,
a
eighth
an
of
the
to
by
end
inside
small
glue,
end
or
the
on
inch
an
one
an
amine
Ex-
of
these
Their
pose
pur-
which
inches
may
be
square.
Take
it to
the
the
of
center,
ful that
the
drill does
a
piece
of
it is the
pin
the
No.
a
point of the
This
in
take
drill
will
camera.
bore
nearly
but
be
care-
not
the
produce
in
which
screw,
front
one
hole
a
through
through.
brass,
and
Bore
inch
quarter
the plate in the
a
of
thick
square.
small
take
a
pensive
ex-
trated
illus-
is
piece
a
inch
an
place
more
construction
of
to
fasten
twirl
of
This
the
in
pin
the
"
take
used
the
of
camera
inches
corner,
shown
scraper
a
with
center
lettered
up
and
interior
one-half
measure
construction
the
shutter
Fig. 4.
one-half,
and
which
shutter,
and
sixteenth
a
With
readily
be
about
ink.
see
the
a
comes.
outside
may
of
the
lens
by
the
dimensions.
of
part
outfits.
each
square.
it
glass for
paint the
black
eighth
fasten
is
of
and
and
the
and
and
saw
a
it is when
as
Finally insert
the
sides, two
on
Fig.
any
in
bore
diameter.
or
hole
in
long
should
box
inches
black, either
black
Now
small
dead
a
makers'
of
four
from
cloth"
tern
lan-
use
should
box
the
to
come
now
essential
every
cigars and
This
which
piece
a
damp
We
to
three
by
the
its internal
in
size
most
this
the
of
one
hundred
are
lid
advised,
that
screws,
answers
use
means
ends
the
done
box
a
Leave
one-half
is
consideration,
first
ends.
by
the
of
really make
to
contain
square
and
desired
is
it
which
which
by
ends
If
three
of
cigar
a
shop,
a
can
is the
box
camera
and
of
few
a
possess
and
odds
few
a
camera
you
rudiments
the
meant
is
really this
but
for
fifty cents,
say
If
estimate.
outside
I
is
Claudy
H.
C.
one-
half
CENTS
By
AMERICA
YOUNG
come
recess
first
section
in Fig. 4.
Xow
needle, insert the eye end in
wood
and
carefully and
tly
genvery
10
it in
the
thinnest,
center
until
of
the
it goes
where
brass
This
through.
called, is what
produces
the image
the sensitive
on
ner
plate, in a manI shall
The
which
presently describe.
of a little swinging
shutter
consists
piece of
hole,
brass
it is
the
completely covering
andjprovided with
pin
its
as
hole,
lower
end.
front
of
C
shutter.
the
second
the
cross
See
Fig. 3,
P. the
camera,
This
is also
section
in
in
and
recess
little knob
a
which
plate and
brass
illustrated
Fig.
at
is the
F
4.
in
In
the
the
POPULAR
latter
I
pivot
in
from
have
depicted
the
in
screw
a
board;
it
either
the
for
this
will
and
size
camera
pin hole
in the
the
is
as
height
of
the
frame
and
pole appears
everything
that
the
you
confined
When
it into
a
an
for
slides
and
the
See
Now
of
back
it
that
take
with
the
the
wood
a
the
use
this
in
and
of
little shutter
camera
to
insert
and
it does
not
the
the
in
some
To
would
where
bands.
you
hole.
wish
who
it
several
ready
to
knows
how
for
in
all
from
carried
be
to
development
the
pin hole
Fig. 2. Here
of
to
D
the
RR,
These
Similar
I
F
letters
camera,
the
directions,
them.
of
fully
care-
pings
wrap-
absolutely
now
action
it
pack
and
box
wise
otherRemove
of
rays
infinite
an
radiate
rays
light
point of the object, from
reflected
of these
from
these
points. Certain
of the
in the
front
strike
the pin hole
rays
from
every
only
this
Millions
in
or
straight lines, reach
inverted
an
case
a
in
the
of
image
candle
light
plat.-.
the
ject,
ob-
candlestick.
a
given off by every
are
point
rays
is lighted by
either
object which
all
reflected
light. To
practical
only
purposes
point
These
as
of
every
direct
in
an
opening,
any
in
forming
in
the
through
pass
by RRRR.
pin hole, and
here
represented
camera,
rays
AA,
screen
one
object
like
which
of light will
rays
the
object,
only
Fig.4
and
room
attention
radiate
travels
VD'\
quired
re-
back
drop
jarred"
of the
represents the front
the plate and
pin hole, AA
from
a
lighted candle.
rays
multitude
the
it
the
the
up
blurred.
be
protect
to
paper
direct
where
covers
dark
the
printing.
explain the
and
end
lid and
until
it
is not
will
pasteboard
one
the
the
made
is
shutter
letting
and
light. It is
course,
rubber
then
and
six
about
long,
keeping
move
in
a
of
the
supply
them
that
exposure
little brass
picture
plate
any
between
will
supposing
place. It is important that the camera
and
that
rigid during the exposure,
at
Close
box.
take
camera,
room
buy
couple
vision
of
dark
be
plain by
5, which
Fig.
in
your
little frame.
are,
the
of
frame,
exposure
held
the
will
made
be
limits
can
you
the
of
This
uncovered,
time,
and
securely
it
rest
The
inches
ten
seconds.
is
little
top of the
is
lifting the
hole
be
look
you
pole, through
sunlight
by
into
If
bright
camera
the
half
surface.
eight
top
end,
lines
photographers)
the
secure
to
absolutely
(which
plate
store
within
want
you
on
solid
to
using,
where
beyond
will
of
other
the
see
ture
pic-
are
now
in
and
photograph,
a
some
your
pole of wire
center
taken
the plate, as
on
looking at the dotted
represents the outer
when
the
little
that
see
in
At
plate.
this
top of
be,
what
end
little
a
front
little frame
the
can.
center, erect
along the
wire
you
to
take
to
on
finder
a
Fig. 5)
(see
close
as
know
a
plate you
upright
it
mount
the
of
to
a
hung
effective.
be
provide
Make
the
of
as
the
of
to
order
in
taking.
are
wire, the
Fig. 3
construction
camera
you
swung
in
wood
Lastly, it is necessary
from
as
and
brass,
77
MECHANICS
a
of
these
can
pass
pin
hole.
interrupts
show
upon
inverted.
from
rays
through
This
it
a
so,
selected
picture of
that
to
be
a
photographically
happens
is protected
from
plate, which
ute
min-
being
these
If
each
a
screen
sensitive
all
other
MECHANICS
POPULAR
78
it will, pin
box, upon
being in a dark
which
For
a photographic image
can
light b3
be
made
visible
which
from
not
it becomes
tain
cer-
negative,
a
printed positives. This
possibility, but
be
may
is
camera
of
application
the
by
when
chemicals,
theoretical
a
each
in
the
imprinted
be
side
tin, bent
into
the
Place
can.
of
to
serve
as
the
wheel
use
and
L-shape
them
the
to
respect
spurt
of
supports
in
fast
to
position, with
punched, that the
the
from
soldered
such
hole
small
steam
shaft.
a
pieces of
will
hole
the
strike
Fig.5
fact.
actual
an
have
I
successfully,as
made
and
demonstration
a
used
of
one
pin hole
photography.
ends
of
Fill
the
TO
MAKE
A
STEAM
A.
By
miniature
A
in
in
July issue
made
A
for
tin
iid, so
can,
can
of
that
Through
Make
the
middle
the
other,
form
a
hole
wheel
the
one
leak.
the
In
of
by
every
four-paddle
a
steam
paddles
of each
as
larger
must
edge, punch
the
together
or
can
it will not
this
strike
with
POWER
is simpler
soon
as
enough to
slight force
OF
water,
steam
as
the
out
come
the
SMALL
SENDING
described
Mechanics
Popular
The
one
and
which
the
quart size
boiler.
near
fast
of
cape
es-
wilt
wheel
COILS
WIRELESS
FOR
MESSAGES
may
follows:
as
the
than
of
and
stove
squarely.
full
revolve.
to
start
wheel
the
Burkhart
turbine
construction
the
be
L.
steam
hole
of
three-fourths
hot
a
generated
SIMPLE
VERY
TURBINE
paddles
boiler
it on
set
is
HOW
the
the
a
a
water
how
wheel.
of
to do
to
Drive
a
of
the
New
Coil
England
amateurs
telegraph
As
coils
the
Winding
of
man's
of
nearly
Calculations
miles
apart,
over
and
later
send
can
Mass.,
for
the
found
In
that
made
sending
of
one
a
can
that
water
over
he
Atlantic,
at
required
power
it
and
spark,
maximum
the
stretch
another,
that
show
%-in.
was
is
cifically,
spe-
differing
hill to
tests
minimum
mile
one
to
distance
land.
there
experiments
points three
two
one
paratus
ap-
ciency
effi-
the
down
uninterrupted
an
the
twice
over
recent
on
sparks.
else.
between
tend
distant,
in.
experience
from
less
wire-
wireless
laid
be
can
everyone
based
by ourselves
mile
that
rule
made
water,
4
of
operation
each
that
the
considerably upon
receiving apparatus,
the
no
in
nite
seeking defiof
sending power
are
1, 2, 3 and
successful
depends
from
to
as
giving
absolutely
interested
experiments
information
small
ened
pieces of wood, fastcutting halfway
through
then
and
fitting each into
knows
Dame
Hundreds
out
wheel.
two
boy
F.
Company
hole.
come
small
O.
good
top of the
small
is to
of
By
serve
may
have
was
distance
sending
of
by six
ordinary 2-in. spark coil operated
with
cells of dry battery
no
intensifying jars
an
attached,
used.
short
buried
Leyden
device
A
Simple
Turbine
Engine
a
three
was
glass tube
coherer
Each
the
Marconi
earth.
and
same
of
a
By
more
coil
these
was
eight miles
a
tests
type
provided
was
high, and
ft.
moist
jars
distance
In
the
station
pole, 15
in
miles.
of
with
ground
the
addition
sensitive
a
was
a
wire
of
receiving
used
successfully
over
water.
It will
therefore
for
much
coil
a
of
spark
a
estimated
an
be
it is
to
of the
The
the
location
of the
stations,
end, the
and
what
of more
is undoubtedly
importance
than
of
cleverness
anything else, the natural
in handling
the amateur
the
less
subject. Wirefurnish
experiments
for
a
fullest
the
sensitive
successful
States
in
to
in
the
the
coil
of
to the
limits
a
of
connected
the
the
such
things
resulted
explosion
"Bennington"
caused
and
killed
by
of
the
Tapper|
Relay
perimentalists
ex-
Touch
them
The
way.
to be
the
outfit
spark
is
general
the public.
died
or
would
have
S.
by
Sixty-five sailors
day
been
her
loss
of
the
past.
to
in
It is far
critical
branch
be
of
against
boiler
that
from
condition
creditable
inspection
government
merchantmen
so
which
rigidly
could
for
that
and
prevail
in
chief
Admiral
its navy.
the
of
bureau
and
of
cost, and
American
they
have
world.
in
Britain
boiler"
the
proved
it to
reliable,
repair of
should
Why
be
not
the
the
to
her
tive
conserva-
most
cal,
economi-
boiler
do
an
service
and
marine
we
been
their
smokeless
any
their
selected
in
the
23,000
fought
most
has
because
are
boiler
has
much
and
world
we
world,
has
very
greatest
boiler
most
kept
in
the
in
steam
in
boilers
navy
Great
the
this
navy
any
Geo.
of
battleship that
greatest
down
"battle
American
of
by
"Dreadnought."
laid
other
anticed
en-
the
time
ring every
bell will
engineering, says:
that
while
"It is passing
strange
and
the
time
on
wasting
money
is installing
Britain
question, Great
latest
"mysteries."
The
generally accepted explanation is that
not
boilers
the
were
only unsafe, but had
known
Bell
the
Ring
not
the
more
the
Melville,
later, when
one
and
should
horsepower
Had
sea,
Jet
matter
and
the
at
been
have
U.
Diego,
criticism
injuries.
from
a
the
San
at
Gas
lier,
by touching the chandeproduced
all conare
nected
that, as the chandeliers
by the gas-pipe, the bell will ring, no
in which
the spark is produced.
room
who
is new.
thing
of
in port
the
graph
very
students
boilers
while
Goherer
( )p
used
because
so
us
adverse
doubtless
same
tele-
and
DISASTER
occurred
explosion
months
wireless
a
is
one
as
undreamed-of
young
principles while
engineers
the
to
munication
com-
lead
that
to
seem
the
for
The
been
of
wire
led
character.
are
many
so
Bell
W.
would
coherer
and
Osborn,
a
mitter
trans-
advanced
"BENNINGTON"
vessel
C.
if
2-in.
a
wireless
researches
there
that
master
were
Frank
chandelier
ing
telegraphy, owsubject, overflows
theories
store
in
futures
Cal.,
the
the
chandelier
Mechanics.
that
says
over
which
a
the
township,
a
advanced
of
and
bright
has
of
the
April Popular
City,
to
terminal
over
that
for
wireless
experiments
has
discoveries
S.
York
feet
spark
a
touching
by
the
correspondents,
our
New
the
scuffing
producing
gas
in
given
One
period.
suitable
a
of
more
on
newness
such
THE
light the
was
small
find
coherer
assume
is
whose
future
the
sufficient
questionable
certain
then
a
to
for
successful
very
of
established
4-in.
to think
and
for
experiments
receivers,
that
literature
with
will
of
experiment
carpet
who
is discarded
therefore, to
within
or
The
their
coherer
double
is safe,
3
A
not
are
admirably
enthusiasts
magnetic
or
coil properly
a
TOUCHING
stations,
some
serve
rightly operated
sparks
the
outfit,
stations
Wireless
advanced
distances
It
the
will
come.
point where
electrolytic
at
where
thickly established
have
the
of
government
locations
years
to
ingenuity
a
of
nities
opportu-
it is true, that
one-half
JET
is equally necessary.
receiving device
coherer
the
first
glass tube
was
receiver
and
is used
today by the
The
United
his
While
is
coil
excellent
exercise
extent.
induction
and
to
man
BY
GAS
for
at
used
be
BELL
thorough
a
to
A
RINGING
how
require
without
apparatus
ble
impossi-
state
will
customer
a
distance,
knowledge
receiving
that
seen
manufacturer
79
MECHANICS
POPULAR
easiest
in
likewise/
the
'
80
MECHANICS
POPULAR
FOR YOUNG
MECHANICS
HOW
TO
ELECTRIC
AN
BUILD
then
upward,
around
ENGINE
AMERICA
by
This
neat
engine, if carefully made,
appearance
toy machinery
"the
on
low
of
a
Ave.,
ran
be
may
those
of
old
an
electric
on
a
light piece of angle-iron,
bell, mounted
from
than
inch
at a height of not
more
one
The
baseboard.
the
fly-wheel
standard,
type
and
loop,
a
catch
board
down
in the
position shown
catch
armature
A
valve-wheel
small
fly-Avheel, but
good
mounting
is not
the
in
engine
will
of
in
it.
place
and
diagram
the
to
in-
bell
the
Now
a
nail
so
that
teeth.
upright
an
dry batteries
two
fasten
with
in the
one
board
the
to
the
position
binding
very
taken
in
shaft
shaft, for if the
the
center
line
loop
out
a
be
Mount
Fig. 3 and
a
little
a
its
able.
suit-
most
makes
must
care
the
it upon
made
being
make
fasten
hammer
touches
attach
and
be
may
16
the
the
in
on
from
hammer
the
Now
tor
mo-
clock.
gong
of
hammer.
as
old
and
end
Fig. 1.
this
"buzzer"
the
an
Fig. 2, and
almost
Fasten
iron, No.
in
as
like
press
the
and
the
bend
loop of the
small
a
from
of
haniiner-head
bell, then
the
on
galvanized
tributed
Con-
Russell
make
to
bell
cog-wheel
a
cog-wheel
Engine
electric
the
the
crank-rod
4
MOTOR
necessary
old
an
Remove
wire
of
closed."
Weyrick,
B.
ELECTRIC
materials
are
into
Simple Electric
commutator
is
O.
NOVEL
The
coils
circuit
running
current
amperes.
The
the
Warren
Akron,
strength
1%
satisfactorily on
very
I made
one
presents
capable
is
and
the
twisting
that
so
not
run
smoothly.
the
Make
the
shaft
may
be
atached
side
may
be
the
On
to
on
that
the
commutator
and
so
side
one
the
into
bent
side
commutator
form
each
side
place
other
the
of
a
crank.
brush
a
of
in
closed.
the
top
in which
the
be
the
that
the
bottom,
for
the
run.
is
crank
is
the
handle
pointed
by
closed
now
Novel
the
and
armature
is attracted will turn
force for
it
the
attracted
when
the
circuit is again
so
Electric
riotor
the
properly connected,
quite rapidly and
if
adjusting
speeds
the
may
reversing the engine
done
by placing the
commutator,
several
bell
and
next
Curry,
the
required.
should
ferent
dif-
obtained, as well as
is
accomplished, which
that it points
crank
so
be
send
to
as
closed.
By
If
posts.
fly-whee3
with
amazing
small
The
so
a machine.
machine,
electro-magnet, but, as
proaches
apshown
however,
has a fixed direction
as
by
the
magnet, the circuit is broken
the belting can
the arrow,
but
be arranged
again, only
fly-wheel pulls it back
by
and
that
the
will
engine
circuit
The
commutator
the
it is at
the
suppose
us
so
when
difference, except
no
downward.
either
when
or
makes
direction
commutator
closed
Avill be
which
Let
the
Arrange
circuit
at
revolution
during every
be
and
alternately opened
will
circuit
the
to
extend
so
position that
such
is
to
bearings,
two
models
The
in
a
reversed
for
the
than
25c
for
not
cost
more
if you
have
an
old
bell
nothing." Contributed
Brockville, Ontario.
to
tion
direc-
materials
it will
by
Fred
tor
mo-
the
cost
C.
POPULAR
HOW
MECHANICS
TO
Frank
By
I
instead
work
I
for
they
to
make
country
and
frame
were
handles
Mulford,
Shiloh,
Built
Prank
N.
J.
like
were
had
they
So
runners.
something
the
they
sail, except
a
SAILOMOBILE
automobiles
beach
coast;
of
found
the
the
with
boat
wheels
over
of
tlie Florida
ou
ice
an
read
had
used
A
MAKE
I
set
take
to
to
me
roads.
used
work,
needed.
together
seven
and
I
for
fence
other
spliced
the
pickets
things
two
mast,
as
rake
winding
ty
Photograph
Sailomobile
by
Mulford
Mrs. C. J. Lupton,Bhilob,
M. J-
8*
the
ends
wire.
get
which
is the
stick
sail
is
fastened, is
the
stick
made
at
of
to
make
me
have
a
floor
the
I
the
with
front
wheel
left
fork
wheels
the
all
I
A
the
cheapest
an
axle
between
iron
pulley which
which
bar
cost
in
made
house
the
rear
15
me
ers
low-
cents
was
seat
were
and
Once
it
in
SIMPLE
ready
The
be
started
was
I had
with
to
run
only
my
fast
to
litle
A
are
small
a
copper
dry
only materials
wire,
battery
block
an
and
of
required for this device
two
old spring,
a
J.
Tress, 126
TO
wood,
an
one-point
screws,
electric
switch.
the
of
rice
fore
behand
spare
and
paper
fore
bewill
some
bell, a
BUILD
This
is
an
old
The
in
in
or
the
Home-Made
The
hole
bored
best
in
ground.
in the
set
post
a
that
one
amusement.
auger
an
makes
stump
of
amount
any
stump
device, but
simple
very
post rests
center
"
"
MERRY=GO=ROUND
A
a
afford
will
by
Pa.
Ave., Emsworth,
Centre
"
ALARM
The
in. back
BURGLAR
NOVEL
the
may
paper
bright light. The bony structure
clearly distinguishable." Contributed
be
MAKE
12
hand
rice
of
piece
placing
and
eyes
of the
bones
a
a
G.
TO
EXPERIMENT
the
of
by holding
about
catch
up.
HOW
"
"
X=RAY
outlines
seen
the
it and
as
a
sailing.
cousin
are
to be set on only when
a one-point switch
bell will ring
is set, otherwise
burglar alarm
for the alarm.
all the time; L, base
and
the
ranged
screws
spring arFig. 1 shows
the base; Fig. 2 shows
the
on
tion
posibase
the door, and
of the wooden
above
of
shows
the
plan
wiring."
a
complete
Contributed
333 Cherry
by Harry A. Peshon,
St., San Francisco, Cal.
able,
comfort-
was
parts
indicate
A and
B, old mouse
G, screws;
trap spring;
F back
to hold
for spring; D, wire
C, anchor
alarm
is set; E, copper
when
at night, or
G to bell; F, straight part
wire running
from
released
from
of spring which, when
D, completes
the
nected
as
E, but concircuit; H, same
at G; I, electric bell; J, dry battery;
"
bit
it
everything
week
a
the
made
Slats
was
and
raises
Twenty
5 cents.
the
from
and
three
the
used
letters
K,
power
bicycle wheels.
wheel, which
old bicycle with
an
used.
tools
on
sail.
main-
a
spent, all the rest I found.
and
brace
and
hammer,
saw,
cushion
for
of
front
the
sail cost
Mother
down
utilized; the
The
is
broomstick
I put
shape
on.
and
cents,
of
a
was
the
boom,
sail, was
enough.
the
it
the
steer
the
the
cast-off
were
of
which
was
thus
of
these
how
show
the
follows:
The
with
long
in
wind
found,
wheels
it
cut
end
upper
handle
sheet,
and
The
be
the
illustrations
together and
put
gaff, which
broomstick.
a
The
if you
better
The
bottom
the
rake
a
spliced
let
to
he
enough.
long
one
with
together
where
they came
single piece would
A
can
to
MECHANICS
POPULAR
support.
The
Merry=Go=Round
DOOf?
center
pole should
wheel
is
and
the
pole works
the
says
anchored
O
t
Burglar Alarm
seat
arms
passenger
man
mounted
takes
be
10
at
the
in the
American
out
may
rides
his
several
by
be
in
top
wheel
any
each
station
guy
length
seat
at
of
the
as
The
Boy.
the
An
high.
ft.
and
old
pole,
axle,
an
is
wheel
The
wires.
desired.
the
middle.
motor-
A
POPULAR
84
TO
MAKE
ELECTRIC
AN
MECHANICS
PIANO
another
the
Make
Nail
table
the
and
Fig. 2.)
table,
illustration.
cheaper
screw
them
electric
bought
by
the
to
the
Arrange
battery
if
in
bells
the
shown
the
posts
at
B, Fig. 2.
of
each
Bore
bell
holes,
two
the
for
wires
of
cheaper
round,
bells
to
about
them
make
in
each
bell
2%, in.
in
of
post
the
the
bell; R
the
be
button
is
connected
to
wire
a
with
battery
the
teries;
bat-
be
ton
button
but-
in
its bell
can
of
one
running
the
with
used
preferred." Contributed
if
cent
Vin-
by
25th
W.
1148
Ybarrondo,
de
pass
the
piece of wood
a
from
St., Los
Cal.
purchased,
be
may
running
indicates
Piano
lowing
fol-
and
STRUMENT
y4
holes
(C and
(Fig. 3) and bore two
D)
through it. Then
get two
posts, about
inch long (battery posts will do) and
an
put
them
the
Cut
holes
at Fig. 4.
as
through
out
a
piece of tin, % in. wide, punch a hole
through it and
put it under
post E, Fig. 4,
it will
when
that
it is pressed
so
down,
touch
be either nailed
post F, Fig. 4. It may
IN=
TELEGRAPH
BUZZER
A
cut
and
diameter
MAKE
TO
HOW
Take
way:
it
the
is
batteries
J to one
running from
wire
Q is another
running
One
Angeles,
for
it is
but
other
of
O
L
way;
the
wire
button;
way.
Electric
through.
Buttons
a
wire
J;
same
from
I to one
the
post of the bell. When
S is pressed, the bell will ring. Each
same
near
to
is
should
scale
Details
as
from
(See
board.
wire
posts
the
zinc
to
a
the
from
Paint
the
so
or
are
of
post
in the
running
the
is
I; M
P
the
to
attached
wire
batteries
in. wide
8
the
bigh.
desired.
dozen
a
(they
2i/" ft.
to
and
ft. long
about
as
the
color
any
Purchase
dozen)
in
shown
as
bells
length
3
about
wide,
(A, Fig. 1)
same
table
about
and
board
tbe
of
table
a
more
or
a
and
buy
or
foot
a
wire
carbon
AND
in. thick
screwed
or
Make
and
the
with
(G, Fig. 4).
holes
buttons
the
from
to
the
table
I in
of
end
to
a
each
Nail
or
Fig. 5 is
the
post
table
at
each
screw
Fig. 5
at
The
a
to
ton
but-
tions
connec-
wire
ning
run-
the
other
end;
J. "is
in
structing
conexpenditure
necessary
is
instrument
telegraph
cents
for a dry cell battery, viding
pro-
only
this
twenty-five
has
one
Procure
and
3
as
had
be
wood
and
the
take
the
for
the
coils
a
of
bell, one
no
blocks
long
out
small
at
sum.
end
one
in
a
Fig. 1.
piece of tin
6 in.
have
dealers
on
hand.
on
about
If you
coils
wide
and
when
fastened
above
materials
old
of
bell.
at
these
shown
Cut
wide
electric
Fasten
few
a
block
a
in.
old
an
may
for
shown
as
underneath.
simple:
one
table
(H, Fig. 2).
wires
attached
the
in
its wires
are
end,
down
two
The
the
bend
core
it
to
of
2
so
the
in.
the
long
end
block
the
piece of tin 3 in. long and
and
of
will
coil.
bend
come
Cut
it
y2 in.
the
tin
just
another
as
shown
POPULAR
MECHANICS
85
Fig.2
Home=Made
Fig. 2.
A,
at
in front
Tack
the
of
these
coils
This
pieces of
two
shown
as
in
the
the
completes
tin
tion.
illustra-
receiver
or
sounder.
To
of
tin
key,
cut
another
out
Fig. 1) 4 in. long and
Before
tacking it to the
(X,
shown.
head
the
board
at
will
board
of
a
it.
cover
and
and
where
point
a
nail
forth
way
you
loose
Then
tack
the
the
wires
of
connect
firm
English
in
A
the
the
key
of
the
is.
By
to
the
end
key
battery
in
entirely
is
reached
the
by
all
of
charge
at
ENGLISH
who
the
the
the
out
deck
\isual
winding
leave
a
The
driver.
upper
or
Bus
vehicle
front, the
enter
begin
are
Seats
to
the
begin
the
key to point
the point under
at
other
the
the
coils
wire
by
John
a
it
as
receiver
rapidly, causing
vibrate
connect
the
to
connected
Contributed
will
buzzing
McConnell.
R.
BUS
MOTOR
Persons"
32
driver
the
entrance.
by
back
just
instrument,
coils
B, leaving
adjusting
the
stairway.
seen
one
elty
nov-
trance
en-
coils
ready
are
you
this
of
being
being
the
sounds
code.
the
to
to
sound."
and
from
the
and
the
tired
wire
cut
the
brought
has
omnibus
motor
a
the
it in
'The
One
as
Morse
the
move
click
Now,
until
wish
When
board,
drive
the
it
1.
Fig.
and
piece
bend
ONE=MAN
hence
in
as
on
the
make
tin
off
Instrument
Telegraph
who
the
The
from
place
The
their
opposite
sits
who
bus
fare
in
has
been
a
one
32
seats
box
side
of
passengers
on
boarding
car.
omnibus
its first appearance.
well
patronized
86
MECHANICS
POPULAR
TO
HOW
By
Within
and
the
past few
instructive
hecorne
very
San
of
been
popular
in
the
which
of
yachting
has
sporting circles
has
popularity
This
of the
some
Francisco
have
Quite a few
architects, marine
vital
n,
principally by the efforts of a
fairs
model
yacht club, in the af-
formed
San
of
model
Francisco.
caused
lately
years
of
Quin
men
engineers,
the
for
reason
these
of
great
great
a
are
taken
the
the
upon
San
hold
according
The
construct
time
give
deck
to
build,
as
the
wood
leave
%
in. of
aluminum
the
to
hull.
In
of
coats
For
the
the
Spreckles is situated
Gate
Park, is about
its widest
part, and
edge
a
side
to
walk
stone
yachtsmen
the
can
lake
Mr.
men,
in the
250
around
Spreckles,
Lake
bears.
now
beautiful
ft. in
a
Golden
diameter
be
oughly
thor-
ing
fasten-
for
takes
the
lead,
boat
a
waterline
load
shellac
of
to make
is
best
the
on
canvas
or
hull
the
to
first give
inside, then
linen
or
coats
more
upon
all.
over-
70-in. overall, 50-in.
and
a
beam
of
10
on
in.,the
than
7 lb. after
weigh more
fin, Fig. 1, is fitted; the boat
not weigh
than
27 lb.
more
complete must
should
in transportation the mast
For ease
ever,
made
be
time, howportable, at the same
for
the mast
the opening
in the deck
must
this result
is best
be watertight, and
hull
the
public-spirited
to
wood
order
glue strips of light
this and
then
give two
name
The
line where.it
is best
along the deck
leave % in. thickness
for fastening tne
it three
most
of
yachts.
has
fin which
to
whose
outline
an
these
of
one
perfectly watertight, it
our
erally
gen-
seasoned, then shaped exactly on the
outside
to template taken
from
the lines of
the plan; after which
the inside must
lowed
be holuntil
the
shell
out
is about
*Vin.
visable
it is adthick, except along the keel, where
to
Yacht
of
area
step is to build the hull, the best wood
the best
metal
being cedar, and
the
cedar
will
be
boat
aluminum,
(which
described) is cheaper, but takes
a
longer
and
Model
water-
this
to
Finished
sail
races
load
2,500 sq. in., being
to
size, etc., in three
will
following
to
the
The
the
classes.
for
sport
than
these
enter
on
corresponding
more
classified
to
in.
50
over
a
not
first
this
be
line, with
naval
Francisco
yacnts permitted
not
how
public, is
donation
to the city of a fine lake, especially
model
of
for the
yachting, by one
has
The
est.
inter-
Another
etc.
YACHT
Francisco
must
citizens
foremost
taken
of San
interesting
the
sport
E.
Alex.
MODEL
A
BUILD
not
must
aluminum
at
portion of its
is laid, upon
easily go around
which
from
the
W.T.FLANSEO
PLATE
_js
one
brass
--"
other.
tube
"4'inside
On
a
or
Sunday
holiday morning
can
you
all
nearly half a hundred
yachts of
this
sizes, shapes and
rigs, sailing upon
between
the different
lake, and the close contests
and
excitement
ment
amuseyachts furnish
the
for
of
interested
large crowd
W.
of
Gickie, formerly manager
Works,
presented a trophy
to the San
model
Francisco
yacht club,
cup
this cup
is held
and
of the
by the owner
speediest boat in each special race; besides
other
this cup
prizes of all descriptions
many
held by the different comwon
or
are
petitors.
Mr.
the
Geo.
Union
BRA55
Iron
PIN
^
5ECTJQN
Fig. 2
placing a piece of %-in. brass
to the keel by a
plug secured
wood
screw
(See Fig. 2). This tube is made
long enough to project through the deck. To
prevent turning, a pin is put through tube
obtained
tubing
spectators.
ENO-PLUG
Wim
PLAN
see
by
over
a
in
then
be put
mast
plug. The
may
place or removed
easily. An aluminum
very
lead is placed
in white
flanged plate bedded
and
on
the
in
order
deck
to
where
make
the
it
tube
comes
watertight.
through
The
bow-sprit,
portable also, and
for
this part
fitted to
the
made
need
with
only be
material
is
best
made
must
the
suitable
wood
center
The
is oak.
boat
by
end
the
at
one
can
of
the
these
for
The
is
brackets
this metal
is lightest and
is
by water.
All the rigging fittings,such
as
rings,
of
screw
eyes,
pins, etc., had best be made
aluminum,
as
affected
not
aluminum
Two
also.
the
for
one
aluminum
gib and
lead
the
of the
forward
more
for
the
size of
boat
two
in
not
are
correct
the
making
The
boat
relation
of the boat
other, the waterline
fin
which
on
attached
best
the
ter
cen-
each
with
change,
aft.
or
the lead is fastened
the
to
its
if these
will
hull
is finished natural
(if boat
have
dip either forward
hull
aluminum
is
mentioned
cigar shape and must
center
of buoyancy
directly under
of buoyancy of the hull, because
is
mainsail,
or
in
cast
travelers
for
one
2 in.
of
The
best
bracket
about
be
these
buoyancy of the hull, because
model
rudders
and
yachts are fitted without
this is necessary
to sail straight.
for them
sprit
bow-
strap bracket.
common
suitable
be
of
means
legs, the other
three
a
most
bow-sprit
of the
deck
brackets, the
two
(Fig. 1)
most
87
MECHANICS
POPULAR
of
the
wood)
by
PLAN
Fig. 1
be
must
length,
same
be
the
on
deck,
fitted to the
the
so
of
as
This
the
to
give the
should
mainsail
angle.
same
so
Both
play.
enough
booms
and
angle
wind
be
the
gib will
depends
and
of
means
aluminum
two
in.,or if the boat
by
apart,
In
be
cutting
wide
as
or
the
angles % in. x %
eled,
painted or enamslots 1 in. deep and
1 in.
is to
be
apart as will come
edge of the fin and
out
then
even,
strength
bending the squares
alternately to right and
stays
by experience in sailing boom
in way
then be recessed
The
hull can
cordingly.left.
be adjusted acso that they can
to be fitted,
on
the
can
upper
found
of
The
best
cambric.
material
If
care
j)f the
sail running
of the
boom,
be
is taken
from
in the
experienced
on
sails is Lonsdale
for the
selvage,
account
be
put;
gaff to the end
be
done.
no
the
trouble
of slack
or
will
baggy
more
sails.
The
center
V
of effort of the
entire sail
area
in
in each
of
which
three
fastening it to the hull had
this
The
way
lead
a
very
may
be
smooth
fastened
job
best
can
to the
by slottingit lengthwise about
deep, then boring two or
ing
holes through lead and fin, and fasten-
aluminum
half
squares,
screws
edge
to have
the
these
wood
the
the
fin
diameter
lead
to
the
fin
MECHANICS
POPULAR
88
A
HOW
BUILT
BOY
COMPLETE
A
MINIATURE
RAILROAD
Every
Boy
Become
May
Railroad
a
With
Magnate
Entire
an
Under
System
His
Control
Railway
electric
with
all their
nances,
appurtesystems
block
signals,
stations, switches,
had
a
always
lights, etc., have
fascination
wonderful
studying
and
been
has
it
I
since
while,
long
possess
out
a
desire
my
the
to
at
last
ceeded
suc-
and
will
Entire
An
of
10
oblong,
an
wide, with
side
two
ft.
tracks,
and
long
4
in
shown
as
ft.
the
illustration.
passes
through
in
the
track
is
made
by
signal
the
At
track
is flashed,
track
ahead.
electric
all
tunnel
a
where
the
the
to
which
locomotive
This
magnets,
as
instant
know,
you
signal
the
from
eight
dry
connected
with
the
white
a
means
is worked
by
electricity being
batteries,
tracks.
which
These
light which
wires
by
train
is also
and
under
passes
an
along to
passes
feet
few
the
light
so
clear
station
small
works
a
which,
on
derrick
motor
of
an
wheels
the
From
the
and
another
when
the
to
brings
track
station,
train
to
At
the
in
set, puts
a
feet
few
a
station.
little catch
tric
elec-
an
train; it then
the
bridge
to
is
the
center
the
brake
There
stops the train, if
at the
is also a platform
which
stands
locomotive
desired.
This
on
this
over
track
the
on
station.
a
further
it comes
the
by
for
is used
is
connected
worked
there
are
the
bridge of the type that
only. On this bridge
passengers
station
eight
a
the
in
System
overhead
a
signal
is made
red
point
further
tained
ob-
the
passed
raises the signal arm
light is flashed, which
train following. Leavfor any
ing
danger
means
of
has
connection
a
point
two
the
the
on
connection
bridge;
operates
down
further
feet
same
which
certain
a
This
train
electrical connection
an
few
a
the
crossing,
the
from
the
all
with
connected
train
the
therefore
and
a
Starting
light
feet, another
Ra ilway
I built.
railroad
the
Popular Mechanics
is
of
the track
To
begin with, the gauge
in the
set
being
up
only 1% in., the track
form
When
few
this
of
electricity for
the
apparatus
signal is given from
small
electric
to
a
light bulb, attached
very
the main
polo of the signal.
readers
young
furnish
The
road.
track.
plete
com-
own,
my
have
I
describe
to
of
system
carrying
in
endeavor
for
experimenting
mechanical
line,
to some
day
intention
detail.
every
and
me,
been
the
along
my
model
a
in
for
have
batteries
electrical
and
works
from
alarm
removed
small
a
derrick.
by electricity. There
which
a
belt
clock, with
so
as
runs
to
all
sary
unneces-
to
get
is
the
the
by
which
runs
starts
the
the
up
belt
the
reverse
into
the
car.
Right
near
regular
To
raised
is
and
the
station
stands
train
reaches
is
the
with
pole,
a
a
rung
track.
small
by the train
track
small
it passes.
as
telegraph poles. There
instrument
at
connected
order,
There
so
to
switches
hold
one
other
is
train
automatic
a
catch
in the
the
In
are
1^
For
12
plates,
"b
Pumps
u
direction.
of
the
of
hangs
the
The
double
tire
en-
wdiich
in
On
is
the
the
lever
while
line.
lever
worked
can
is
By
be
The
Railway
Station
The
the two
trains,
road, such as a race between
engines coupled together to
having two
At
night, when
heavy train.
pull a very
the
is darkened,
the
running of the
room
the flashing of electric lights,
trains and
two
interesting
signal lights, etc., give a very
overhead
The
effect.
stations, derrick,
bridge, railroad bridge, telegraph poles, etc.,
and
I
ing
work-
these
track.
train
sent.
long
by
side
the
by
ing
usrun
majority of the
style, which
truck
this
on
The
line
main
which
done
the
and
reversing
a
center
reversing
either
cars
has
brake,
are
as
late
regu-
lighted
is
standing
the
on
to
engine
stands
train, reached
line.
be
can
running
large locomotive
an
main
the
steam,
while,
the
be
can
messages
side
tracks, each
four-car
each
a
mobile
auto-
real
a
in
speed.
interesting things
suppoi%ted by
is a telegraph
the
of
quite
connection
along
batteries
two
from
tracks
end
the
that
are
enough
the
with
governor
than
cleaner
runs
in
Before
which
All
wires
telegraph
are
the
up
work,
clock-
traffic.
crossing
of
arm
is a
Many
much
wound
heavy
very
iron
of
made
weight
small
a
light bulb, which
electric
the
bell
the
At
the
from
rick
der-
protect
electrical
an
the
rings in
its approach.
a
announces
by
there
runs
crossing.
point
this
which
station
bell
the
When
is
which
by
run
are
Both
easily
very
being
crossing with
a
to
natural
more
at
is
when
Then
the
lowers
gates
crossing
car.
clockwork
the
and
cars.
enough,
the
over
order
things
make
the
on
high
is swung
shifted
and
is
the
loaded
be
heavy,
are
ent
differ-
winds
switches
and
curves
locomotives
steel, and
turn
in
take
and
motor
raising the
cord, thus
to
weight
arm
which
wire
a
The
batteries.
clockwork,
things
the
the
from
is
motor
with
connection
making
derrick
The
advantage.
mechanical
greatest
started
89
MECHANICS
POPULAR
or
from
white
easily worked.
The
the
made
the
for
power
placed in the
running
in
William
B.
center
all
which
is very
wood,
batteries that furnish
lights, motors,
of
the
directions."
road
etc.,
with
Contributed
Barry, Jr.,Jersey City, N
are
wires
by
J.
Popular
Illustrated
An
Mechanics
Monthly
Magazine,
Mechanical
the
reviewing
and
Press
Engineering
of
the
World
and
"(
??
WRITTEN
SO
OPULAR
YOU
CAN
MECHANICS
history
current
the
all
mechanics
in
events
is
of
IT
UNDERSTAND
a
great
the
Among
and
the
are
they
as
world.
simple
It
is
It
is filled
and
matter
To
in
written
language.
plain,
with
teresting
in-
trations.
illus-
instructive
TloteS:
month
from
all
book
is reprinted
have
month
is
does
it
does
not
details,
small
into
go
all
to
cares
all
know
the
average
the
about
person
things.
great
telegraphs,
boats,
etc.,
do
Wood
turbines,
air
ships, torpedo
for
submarine
all
the
latest
things
BintS
and
steam
on
land
and
to
assist
sea
and
in
other
the
air;
subjects
these
are
and
made
a
sand
thou-
plain.
telegraphs,
instruments
which
Working:
on
structive
inand
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