1. No category

PLAN BUDGET PROPOSALS
FOR THE YEAR 2014-2015
Revised on
31st July 2013
Social Sciences Division
Indian Statistical Institute
203, Barrackpore Trunk Road
Kolkata 700 108
2
Social Sciences Division, ISI
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
3
SUMMARY CONTENTS
Plan New Projects
Srl
Unit
Project Leader(s)
Project No. and Name of the Project
Page
New, Noth East Project
1
2
LRU
SOSU
2.1
6.1
3
SOSU
6.2
4
PSU
3.1
5
PRU
4.1
6
7
PRU
SOSU
4.2
6.3
…
…
Probal Dasgupta
Diganta Mukherjee
…
…
11
13
…
Prasanta Pathak and
others
…
16
Developmental Challenges in Children and Associated Socioeconomic Factors: A Study in
the Purulia District of West Bengal. (2014-16)
National Conference on “Adolescence Development: Issues and Challenges”. (2014-15)
…
Partha De
…
18
…
…
25
Summer / Winter School on Data Mining in Psychological Research (2014-15)
Finding out the Direct and the Indirect Roles of Various Socio-economic and Demographic
Factors, Health and Family Welfare and Other Developmental Programmes in the Growth
of Population: A Case Study on Giridih (2014-15)
…
…
Anjali Ghosh and
others
Debdulal Dutta Roy
Prasanta Pathak
…
…
28
31
The Biaxial Syntax of Inflected Clauses in Assamese and Bangla (2014-17)
Life-style correlates & economic burden of Cancer: A study in Meghalaya in North East
(Northeast, New) (2014-17)
Workshop on Official Statistics in the North-East India (Northeast, New) (2014-19)
New, General Project
Plan 0n-Going Projects
Srl
Unit
Project No. and Name of the Project
1
PRU
4.3
Project Leader(s)
Page
On-Going, Noth East Project
Cognitive Processing Through PASS Model and its Role in Determining Academic
Performance of School Students of North- Eastern India. (2012-15)
…
Anjali Ghosh
…
40
On-Going, General Project
2
LRU
2.2
Biaxial Study of Bangla Lexicosyntax (2013-16)
…
Probal Dasgupta
…
36
3
LRU
2.3
Bengali Pronunciation Dictionary in Electronic and Printed Form (2012-15)
…
Niladri Sekhar Dash
…
38
4
5
6
PRU
PRU
SRU
4.4
4.5
5.1
Differential validity of Computer programming abilities (2012-15)
Parenting styles and academic achievement of the school students.(2013-15)
Data Gap in Gender Statistics: Women in Mining Industry (2012-15)
…
…
…
Debdulal Dutta Roy
Rumki Gupta
Molly Chattopadhyay
…
…
…
43
46
50
7
SRU
5.2
…
Rabindranath Jana
…
52
8
SRU
5.3
…
Susmita Bharati
…
57
9
SRU
5.4
Migration, social network and their impact on the rural households of Jharkhand.
(2013-15)
A micro level study of television (TV) watching and childhood obesity in Kolkata city of
West Bengal, India. (2013-15)
Gender Issues and Empowerment of Women in rural West Bengal (2013-15)
…
Bhola Nath Ghosh
…
60
10
EAU
8.1
Evaluating Official Statistics on Land and Livestock holdings (2012-15)
…
V.K. Ramachandran
…
66
New Plan Projects start from page no.
On-Going Plan Projects start from page no.
Plan Non-Projects (2014-15) start from page no.
Publication (2008-13) starts from page no.
Interim Reports (2012-13) start from page no.
Divisional Plan Budget Proposal for Projects (2014-15) [summary Sheet]
Divisional Plan Budget Proposal for Non-Projects (2014-15) [summary Sheet]
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
9
35
69
83
109
149
150
4
Social Sciences Division, ISI
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
5
Contents (By unit)
Name of the Project
Members of the Technical Advisory Committee, Social Sciences Division for the year 2012-2014
1
Page
…
…
7
…
…
…
…
70
84
11
36
38
71
92
110
111
Economic Research Unit
Non-project plan proposals for the year 2014-15
List of Publications of DCSW Members: 2008 – 2013, ERU
2
Linguistic Research Unit
2.1
2.2
2.3
The Biaxial Syntax of Inflected Clauses in Assamese and Bangla (Northeast, New)
Biaxial Study of Bangla Lexicosyntax (General, On-Going)
Bengali Pronunciation Dictionary in Electronic and Printed Form (General, On-Going)
Non-project plan proposals for the year 2014-15
List of Publications of DCSW Members: 2008 – 2013, LRU
Interim Report LRU (2012-13)
Interim Report LRU (2012-13)
3
Population Studies Unit
3.1
Developmental Challenges in Children and Associated Socioeconomic Factors: A Study in the Purulia
District of West Bengal. (General, New)
Non-project plan proposals for the year 2014-15
List of Publications of DCSW Members: 2008 – 2013, PSU
4
Psychology Research Unit
4.1
4.2
4.3
National Conference on “Adolescence Development: Issues and Challenges”. (General, New)
Summer / Winter School on Data Mining in Psychological Research (General, New)
Cognitive Processing Through PASS Model and its Rrole in Determining Academic Performance of School
Students of North- Eastern India. (Northeast, On-Going)
Differential validity of Computer programming abilities. (General, On-Going)
Parenting styles and academic achievement of the school students. (General, On-Going)
4.4
4.5
Project Leader(s)
Non-project plan proposals for the year 2014-15
List of Publications of DCSW Members: 2008 – 2013, PRU
Interim Report PRU (2012-13)
Interim Report PRU (2012-13)
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
Probal Dasgupta
Probal Dasgupta
Niladri Sekhar Dash
Probal Dasgupta
Niladri Sekhar Dash
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
Partha De
…
18
…
…
73
94
…
…
…
…
…
Anjali Ghosh and others
Debdulal Dutta Roy
Anjali Ghosh
…
…
…
25
28
40
…
…
…
…
…
…
Debdulal.Dutta Roy
Rumki Gupta
Anjali Ghosh
Debdulal Dutta Roy
…
…
…
…
…
…
43
46
74
95
113
117
5
Sociological Research Unit
5.1
5.2
5.3
Data Gap in Gender Statistics: Women in Mining Industry. (General, On-going)
Migration, social network and their impact on the rural households of Jharkhand. (General, On-going)
A micro level study of television (TV) watching and childhood obesity in Kolkata city of West Bengal, India.
(General, On-going)
Gender Issues and Empowerment of Women in rural West Bengal. (General, On-going)
…
…
…
Molly Chattopadhyay
Rabindranath Jana
Susmita Bharati
…
…
…
50
52
57
…
Bhola Nath Ghosh
…
60
Non-project plan proposals for the year 2014-15
…
…
…
Molly Chattopadhyay
…
…
…
76
97
142
5.4
List of Publications of DCSW Members: 2008 – 2013, SRU
Interim Report SRU (2012-13)
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
6
Social Sciences Division, ISI
6
Sampliing & Official Statistics Unit
6.1
Life-style correlates & economic burden of Cancer: A study in Meghalaya in North East (Northeast,
New) (2014-17)
Workshop on Official Statistics in the North-East India (Northeast, New) (2014-19)
Finding out the Direct and the Indirect Roles of Various Socio-economic and Demographic Factors,
Health and Family Welfare and Other Developmental Programmes in the Growth of Population : A Case
Study on Giridih (General, New)
…
Prasanta Pathak
…
13
…
…
Diganta Mukherjee
Prasanta Pathak
…
…
16
31
Non-project plan proposals for the year 2014-15
…
…
…
Tridip Ray
…
…
…
77
100
146
…
…
78
104
…
…
…
…
66
80
108
148
…
…
…
81
149
150
6.2
6.3
List of Publications of DCSW Members: 2008 – 2013, SOSU
Interim Report PU (2012-13)
7
Economics & Planning Unit, Delhi Centre
7.1
Non-project plan proposals for the year 2014-15
List of Publications of DCSW Members: 2008 – 2013, EPU, Delhi Centre
8
Economic Analysis Unit, Bangalore Centre
8.1
Evaluating Official Statistics on Land and Livestock holdings (General, On-going)
Non-project plan proposals for the year 2014-15
List of Publications of DCSW Members: 2008 – 2013, EAU, Bangalore Centre
Interim Report EAU (2012-13)
9
…
…
…
…
…
…
V.K. Ramachandran
V.K. Ramachandran
Social Sciences Division Office
Non-project plan proposals for the year 2014-15
Divisional Plan Budget Proposal for Projects (2014-15)
Divisional Plan Budget for Non-Projects (2014-15)
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
…
…
…
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
Members of the Technical Advisory Committee
Social Sciences Division for the year 2012-2014
1. Professor Bimal Kr. Roy
Director (Chairman)
Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata 700 108
2. Professor Mihir Rakshit
Director, Monetary Research Policy,
ICRA Limited. FMC FORTUNA, A-B, 3rd floor
234/3A A.J.C. Bose Road, Kolkata 700 020
3. Professor Amrit Srinivasan
Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
Hauz Khas, New Delhi-110016
4. Professor Amitabh Kumdu
Centre for the Study of Regional Development
School of Social Sciences,
Jawaharlal Nehru University, India
5. Professor Sarmila Banerjee
Calcutta University.
Rajiv Gandhi Chair Professor,
Eco-systems and Sustainable Development,
56A, B.T. Road, Kolkata 700 050
6. Professor T.J. Kamalanabhan
Dept. of Humanities and Social Sciences,
Indian Institute of Technology, Madras,
Chennai 600 036.
7. Professor Tista Bagchi
Department of Linguistics,
University of Delhi
Arts Faculty Extension Building,
Delhi 110 007
8. Professor Prabal Roy Chowdhury
Professor-in-Charge (Convener),
Social Sciences Division,
Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata 700 108
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
7
8
Social Sciences Division, ISI
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
9
New Projects
NEW
Sr
l
Unit
Project
Leader(s)
Project No. and Name of the Project
Page
New, Noth East Project
1
LRU
2.1
The Biaxial Syntax of Inflected Clauses in Assamese and Bangla (201417)
…
Probal Dasgupta
…
11
2
SOSU
6.1
…
Diganta Mukherjee
…
13
3
SOSU
6.2
Life-style correlates & economic burden of Cancer: A study in
Meghalaya in North East (Northeast, New) (2014-17)
Workshop on Official Statistics in the North-East India
(Northeast, New) (2014-19)
…
Prasanta Pathak
and others
…
16
4
PSU
3.1
…
Partha De
…
18
5
PRU
…
…
25
6
PRU
…
Anjali Ghosh and
others
Debdulal Dutta Roy
…
28
7
SOSU
…
Prasanta Pathak
…
31
New, General Project
Developmental Challenges in Children and Associated Socioeconomic
Factors: A Study in the Purulia District of West Bengal. (2014-16)
4.1 National Conference on “Adolescence Development: Issues and
Challenges”. (2014-15)
4.2 Summer / Winter School on Data Mining in Psychological Research
(2014-15)
6.1 Finding out the Direct and the Indirect Roles of Various Socio-economic
and Demographic Factors, Health and Family Welfare and Other
Developmental Programmes iin the Growth of Population: A Case Study
on Giridih (2014-15)
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
10
Social Sciences Division, ISI
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
11
LRU (Northeast, New)
Project No. 2.1
1. Title of the project: The Biaxial Syntax of Inflected Clauses in Assamese and Bangla
2. Brief objective and justification (2 or 3 sentences): Biaxial syntax, the syntactic wing of
substantivist generative grammar, focuses on incidence differentials and other effects that
involve both the syntagmatic axis and the paradigmatic axis. The project proposed here will
study the greater incidence of gerundial complement clauses in Assamese relative to Bangla,
whose complement clause default is finite, on the basis of corpus data.
3. Date of Commencement: April 2014
4. Name of the Proposing Scientist/Principal Investigator: Probal Dasgupta, LRU, ISI
5. Name of other associated Scientists with their affiliation: Jyoti P. Tamuli, Gauhati Univ,
Guwahati, Assam
6. A brief write up on the scope and justification of the project and the proposed work (not more
than half a page): Nominally inflected clauses in Bangla have been under intensive investigation
since the seventies and are relatively well understood (Dasgupta 1979, 1980, Bhattacharya 2000).
Their Assamese counterparts were found by Ghosh (2001 personal communication) to occur over
a wider paradigmatic range than in Bangla. In certain contexts where finite complement clauses
are mandatory in Bangla and many other well studied languages, Assamese uses nominally
inflected clauses instead. The agenda of biaxial syntax (Dasgupta 2011) – unlike the formalistic
paradigm – focuses on such incidence differentials to highlight effects that involve both
syntagmatic phenomena and the paradigmatic axis. Thus, we propose to describe initially in
synchronic terms the incidence contrast between Assamese and Bangla with regard to nominally
inflected clauses, sometimes called gerundial constructions. We shall begin by considering data
available in CIIL’s Assamese and Bangla corpora and expand our empirical coverage by gather
fresh texts. We propose to focus on written texts and on speaker intuitions, which have been
argued (Dasgupta 2011) to be consubstantial with the written mode.
7. Item wise break up of the budget proposed (Capital & Revenue) and justification for the same
(not more than 1/4 page):
Items Heads
Capital
Revenue
Salary of 1 Project Linked Person
(20,000 X 36 months = 7,20,000)
Stores and stationeries
Computer consumables
Maintenance
Total:
2014-2015
NIL
2015-2016
NIL
2016-2017
NIL
Total
NIL
2,40,000
2,40,000
2,40,000
7,20,000
15,000
10,000
10,000
2,75,000
15,000
10,000
10,000
2,75,000
15,000
10,000
10,000
2,75,000
45,000
30,000
30,000
8,25,000
8. Brief particulars of Assets, proposed to be acquired from Capital Budget, should be mentioned.
In case of replacement, particulars of the asset to be condemned (e.g., Year of Purchase,
Cost): Nil.
9. List of all ongoing projects undertaken by the Proposing Scientist in the last 5 years and for
each, give (i) Status (ii) Money budgeted, (iii) Money spent, (iv) Publications (if any):
No. of on-going projects
: 1 (One)
Title
: Interlexical study of Asamiya in a substantivist framework
Status
: To be Completed in March 2014
Money Budgeted in 2012-13
: Rs. 1,80,000/10. Expected date of Completion: March 2017
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Social Sciences Division, ISI
12
11. Quarterly projection of Expenditure during 2014-2015
25%
25%
25%
25%
Total
Cap.
Rev.
Total
Total
Cap.
Rev.
Total
4th
Cap.
Rev.
Total
3rd
Cap.
Rev.
Total
2nd
Cap.
Rev.
1st
100%
References
 Bhattacharya, Tanmoy. 2000. Gerundial aspect and NP movement. Rajendra Singh (ed.) The
Yearbook of South Asian Languages and Linguistics 2000. 123-146.
 Dasgupta, Probal. 1979. The Bangla –Wa/ –no form as participle and gerund. Indian Linguistics
40:3.185-197.
 Dasgupta, Probal. 1980. Questions and relative and complement clauses in a Bangla grammar.
New York University doctoral dissertation. Ann Arbor: University Microfilms.
 Dasgupta, Probal. 2011. Inhabiting human languages: the substantivist visualization. New Delhi:
Samskriti, for the Indian Council of Philosophical Research.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
13
Remark for SOSU (North-East, New) Projects, 6.1 and 6.2:
The following two projects, 6.1 and 6.2, were initially supposed to start in 2013. However, because of unavoidable
budgetary considerations, SOSU requested that these two projects be postponed to the next year. It was therefore
decided that in case budgetary considerations permit, these two projects may be started later in 2013. Otherwise,
they will be postponed to the next year. The current budgetary allocations assume that these two projects will, in fact,
be postponed to next year. As of now, the project proposals have however been kept in their original format. In case
the proposals are postponed, the budgets will need obvious alterations.
SOSU (North-East, New)
Project No. 6.1
1. Title of the Project: Life-style correlates & economic burden of Cancer: A study in Meghalaya in
North East
2. Brief objective and justification: In this study, we focus on two issues with important policy
implications. First we seek to investigate the correlation of food and life style habits with incidence
of cancer. This seeks to fill the void in this area as there are very few combined epidemiological
studies that look at the traditional food and lifestyles habits and relate it to the etiology of cancer.
Second, we investigate the total economic effect of cancer on patients and their families. Our study
has implications for issues that relate to prevention as well as successful treatment. Our population
of study is patients and their families in the state of Meghalaya. Very little is known about cancer and
its economic burden for these states. The choice of this population is also dictated by the differences
in food and life style habits of the tribal and non-tribals residing in these states. The strand of our
investigation that focuses on economic effects of cancer also redresses the lack of studies relating to
coping strategies in the face of health shocks for people living in the North East.
3. Date of Commencement: April 1, 2013
4. Name of the proposing scientist: Diganta Mukherjee, SOSU
5. Name of other associated scientists with their affiliation:
a. Abhiroop Mukhopadhyay, EPU
b. Saurabh Ghosh, HGU
c. Srimoyee Ghosh, Associate Professor, Dept. of Zoology, North Eastern Hill University,
Shillong, Meghalaya
d. Dr. Judita Syiemlieh, Radiation Oncologist, Civil Hospital, Shillong-793001
e. Dr. R. Nongbet, E.N.T. Specialist, Civil Hospital, Shillong-793001
6. A brief write up on the scope & justification of the project and proposed work
(not more than half a page):
The global cancer burden has shown a distinct shift in last two decades, with low and mediumresource countries registering more than half of incident cases. In the 1960s cancer was widely
considered to be a disease of the developed countries, whereas in year 2000 out of estimated
more than 10 million new cancer cases, 6 million were seen in developing countries (Doll et al.,
1966; Ferlay et al., 2004; Lopez et al., 2006). Currently, approximately 1 million new cancer
cases per year are diagnosed in India, accounting for 10% of global cancer burden. Cancer could
become a major impediment to socioeconomic development in low income and economically
emerging nations like India. In view of such shifting scenario, International Agency for
Research on Cancer has admitted India as a participating state in May 2006, to give it a voice in
determining the priorities and research strategies (Boyle, 2006)
In this study, we focus on two issues with important policy implications. First we seek to
investigate the correlation of food and life style habits with incidence of cancer. This seeks to fill
the void in this area as there are very few combined epidemiological studies that look at the
traditional food and lifestyles habits and relate it to the etiology of cancer. We will study this
using the longitudinal data created from the proposed survey. Second, we investigate the total
economic effect of cancer on patients and their families. Our study has implications for issues
that relate to prevention as well as successful treatment. Our population of study is patients and
their families in the state of Meghalaya. Very little is known about cancer and its economic
burden for these states. The choice of this population is also dictated by the differences in food
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Social Sciences Division, ISI
14
and life style habits of the tribal and non-tribals residing in these states. The strand of our
investigation that focuses on economic effects of cancer also redresses the lack of studies relating
to coping strategies in the face of health shocks for people living in the North East.
Site of Study: Two major types of Cancer (Oral and Esophageal) patients who come to the OPD
of the major Govt. Hospitals in Meghalaya within a four month period will be covered and
followed up subsequently (the treatment group). In Meghalaya, these two types of cancer are the
predominant ones, according to the Cancer Atlas of India. The control group will be chosen to
match the relevant socio economic characteristics of the patients. Target sample size for both the
Treatment and Control group is 200 – 250 individuals.
7. Itemwise breakup of the budget proposed (Capital & Revenue) and justification for the same (not
more than ¼ page):
For 2013 – 2014
(a) Revenue Expenditure:
Project-linked personnel (2 X 6 X 16000)
Books, Computer consumable, reprography
Local Travel and Subsistence (TA+DA) for PLPs
Travel and Subsistence for PIs (4 trips)
Contingency
Overhead
Total
Rs.1,92,000.00
Rs.10,000.00
Rs. 10,000.00
Rs. 50,000.00
Rs.20,000.00
Rs. 18,000.00
Rs.300,000.00
(b) Capital Expenditure:
Laptop computer, software and accessories
Overhead
Rs.80,000.00
Rs. 10,000.00
Total
Rs. 90,000.00
For 2014- 2015
(a) Capital: Nil
(b) Revenue:
Project linked personnel (2): (@ 16,000.00 pm) 3.84 lakhs
1. Local Travel and Subsistence (TA+DA) for PLPs
0.50 lakhs
2. Travel and Subsistence for PIs (6 trips)
0.75 lakhs
3. Contingency & other expenses
0.20 lakhs
Total (B):
5.29 lakhs
(c) Overheads (approx @10%):
0.51 lakhs
Grand Total (A+B+C): Rs. 5.80 lakhs
For 2015- 2016
A. Capital: Nil
B. Revenue:
1. Project linked personnel (1): (@ 16,000.00 pm) 1.92 lakhs
2. Travel and Subsistence for PIs (3 trips)
0.37 lakhs
3. Contingency & other expenses
0.10 lakhs
4. Dissemination Workshop
1.00 lakhs
Total (B):
3.39 lakhs
C. Overheads (approx @10%):
0.31 lakhs
Grand Total (A+B+C): Rs. 3.70 lakhs
8. Brief particulars of assets proposed to be acquired. In case of replacement, particulars of the
assets to be condemned: Please see the section 7 of the project proposals. No item will be
condemned.
9. List all ongoing projects undertaken by the Proposing Scientist:
10. Expected date of Completion: March 31, 2016
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
15
11. Quarterly projection of Expenditure during 2013-14
1st
2nd
Rev
10,000
4th
Rev
1,40,000
12.
13.
14.
15.
Cap
Nil
Cap
Nil
Total
10,000
Total
1,40,000
Rev
10,000
3rd
Cap
Nil
Total
Rev
3,00,000
Total
10,000
Cap
90,000
Rev
Cap
1,40,000 90,000
Total
230, 000
Total
3,90,000
For general projects only (ongoing): N/A
For general projects only (New): N/A
For North-East Projects only (Ongoing): N/A
For North-East Projects (New):
Action Plan/target in terms of percentage (%)
2013-14
2014-15
2015-16
20%
40%
40%
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Financial target in terms of percentage (%)
2013-14
2014-15
2015-16
20%
50%
30%
16
Social Sciences Division, ISI
SOSU (North-East, New)
Project No. 6.2
1. Title of the Project: Workshop on Official Statistics in the North-East India
2. Brief Objective and Justification: (2-3 sentences): The objective of the project is to provide a
meaningful platform for interaction between the generators and the users of official statistics,
including the researchers, so that official statistics get analysed much more extensively and the gaps
or the deficiencies in official statistics get reduced through improvement in the system of collection
of official statistics.
The extent to which official statistics is used for analysis and decision making is much less than the
effort put in collection of it. Wide varieties of official statistics remain unused to a great extent due to
various gaps and/or deficiencies in it. Many even have quite less knowledge about the varieties of
heads under which official statistics are available. The workshops, planned in the North-East, will
attempt at bringing into light the reasons behind inadequate use of official statistics, bridging the gap
between the generators and the users and finding out means of improving use of official statistics in
in-depth analysis and decision making. The generators will also benefit from the workshops as the
users’ feedback will help in improving the system of generation of official statistics. It is planned to
have an annual workshop in almost every state in the North-East India. The specific themes of the
workshop would depend on the demand of each state and the host organisation.
3. Date of commencement: After April ,2013
4. Name of the proposing Scientist or principal investigator: Prasanta Pathak
5. Name(s) of other associated scientist(s): Sandip Mitra,ISI and D.C Nath,Gauhati University
6. Scope and justification of the project and the proposed work: The research on official statistics has
not been adequately undertaken in the North-East States of India. There is an increasing need to
provide a platform for a meaningful dialogue between the researchers and the data collecting agencies
(like CSO, NSSO, Statistical Bureaus of the respective state Governments). The demand for such
workshops has been regularly received by us from different departments of North-Eastern
universities. An Official Statistics net work for the N.E states may be a good idea under the aegis of
Sampling and Official Statistics Unit of ISI. Annual workshops are proposed for the next five years,
which are to be conducted in almost every state in the North East in collaboration with a local
university/organisation and data collecting central and/or state agencies. It is expected that such
workshops would inspire researchers to do more extensive empirical and policy oriented studies in the
areas of Economics, Statistics and related disciplines. Users’ feedback will also help data collecting
agencies/organisations to play more meaningful role in improving the system of official statistics so
as to match the users’ needs and expectations. The first workshop will be in Guwahati in collaboration
with the Department of Statistics in Gauhati University. The proposing scientists have adequate
experience in holding such workshops in the North-East and elsewhere.
7. Item wise breakup of the proposed budget (Capital and Revenue): No capital item is proposed.
Revenue budget proposed for the year 2013-14 is the following:
No. of Participants =30 (Local=15 + Outside Guwahati =15)
Air tickets for 4 resource persons (@ Rs.10, 000/-)
= Rs. 40, 000.00
Board & Lodging for Resource Persons
= Rs. 50,000.00
Honorarium for 5 external resource persons
= Rs. 10,000.00
TA for 15 outside participants (Bus /Rail ACIII)
= Rs. 25,000.00
Board & Lodging for Participants
= Rs.1,20,000.00
Food (BF+Lunch+Tea)
=Rs. 90,000.00
Workshop Special Dinner (One)
=Rs. 50,000.00
Registration Kit
= Rs. 20.000.00
Local Transport (Car renting etc)
= Rs. 25,000.00
Supporting Staff Remuneration
=Rs. 10,000.00
Xerox + Stationery +Banner & Misc.
= Rs. 30,000.00
Generator +Hall Charges
= Rs. 10,000.00
Miscellaneous
= Rs. 20,000.00
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Total = Rs.5,00,000.00
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
8.
9.
10.
11.
17
Brief particulars of Assets, proposed to be acquired: Not applicable
List of all on-going projects undertaken by the proposing scientist in last 5 years: Not applicable.
Expected date of completion : March, 2018
Quarterly projection of expenditure during 2013-2014 :
1st Quarter
Rev. Cap.
2nd Quarter
Rev. Cap.
3rd Quarter 4th Quarter
Total
Total Rev. Cap. Total Rev. Cap.
0.50
0.50
4.50
lakh
lakh
lakh
All the workshops are likely to take place in the last quarter.
10% expenditure in 3rd quarter
90% expenditure in 4th quarter
12. For North-East projects only (New) :
Total expected budget Proposed budget for Action Plan/Target in
(till end of this 5-year 2014-15*
terms of percentage(%)*
project)*
(B)
(A)
Rev.
Cap.
Total
Rev. Cap. Total 2014- 2015- 201615
16
17
37.21
37.21
6.00
6.00
16.12 19.35
23.22
*Based on the assumption that prices will escalate 20% every year.
16. Rank :
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Total
4.50
lakh
Total
Rev. Cap.
5.00
lakh
Total
5.00
lakh
Financial target in terms
of percentage (%)*
201415
6.00
201516
7.20
201617
8.64
Social Sciences Division, ISI
18
PSU (General, New)
Project No. 3.1
1. Title of the Project: Developmental Challenges in Children and Associated Socioeconomic
Factors: A Study in the Purulia District of West Bengal.
2. Brief objective and justification: The prime objectives of the study are:
to prepare a data base of the children aged (0 – 6) years having any kind of developmental
challenge in a backward district like Purulia of West Bengal,
(ii) to investigate about the maternal, demographic and socioeconomic determinants of
developmental challenges among the above said children in the district,
(iii) First, to study the impact of developmental delay in children, the general child
(i)
population 0-6 years will be screened by the specialist using scientific methodology,
thereby identifying children with developmental delay. Thus there will be two
distinct groups, one with developmental delay, the other who are developmentally
normal. A comparative study will be done between the two groups.
Second, within the identified developmentally delayed children, two groups will be
further formed. One group will include those children who are under early
intervention and treatment. Another group consists of the children who are not under
intervention and not received any treatment. Now a study may be done to see the
impact of Early Intervention Program by comparing the level of progress in the
study/treatment group (i.e., children with developmental delay who receive early
intervention) with the control group (i.e., children having developmental delay but
receive no such intervention). Thus, the study aims to identify the demographic and
socio-economic explanatory variables influencing the developmental delay among
vulnerable children. A hospital records study followed by field surveys will be
conducted in the selected blocks of Purulia district in West Bengal.
3. Date of Commencement: April 2014.
4. Name of the Proposing Scientist (Principal Investigator): Dr. Partha De, Population
Studies Unit.
5. Name of the associated Scientists with affiliation:
(i) Dr. Nandita Chatterjee (Developmental Pediatrician), Professor, Vivekananda Institute of
Medical Sciences, Ramakrishna Mission Seva Pratishthan, Kolkata.
6. Name of the associated academic advisors with affiliation
(i) Prof. Debasis Sengupta, Professor, Applied Statistics Unit (ASU), ISI, Kolkata.
(ii) Prof. Anjali Ghosh, Professor, Psychology Research Unit (PRU), ISI, Kolkata.
(iii) Prof. Samir Guha Roy, Professor (Retd.), Population Studies Unit, ISI, Kolkata.
7. A brief write up on the scope and justification of the project and proposed work:
The World Health Organization (WHO) uses the term “disability” to refer to a loss of health,
where health means having full functional capacity in such domains as mobility, cognition,
hearing and vision (UN, 2010). Again it emphasizes that, Persons with disabilities include those
who have long term physical, mental, intellectual or sensory impairments which in interaction
with various barriers may hinder their full and effective participation in society on an equal basis
with others. In most parts of the World people with disabilities are subject to multiple
deprivations with limited access to basic services, including medical, education, employment,
rehabilitation facilities etc. Widespread social stigma plays a major role in hindering their normal
social and economic life.
Childhood disability is mostly a consequence of developmental delay & challenge, in various
domains, viz., motor, cognitive, visual, auditory and social development. Developmental delay
leads to specific problems turning to disabilities among the children like, (i) Motor disabilities
(inability to execute distinctive activities associated with moving both himself and objects
resulting from affliction of musculoskeletal and/ or nervous system, e.g., cerebral palsy a
condition of loss of control over the movement of body due to brain damage); (ii) cognitive
delays : Mental retardation & Global developmental Delay (Problems in thinking skills including
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
19
learning, understanding, problem solving, reasoning and remembering); (iii) Visual
Impairment/disability (a child with low vision or no vision or poor eyesight and continues to
have the problem even after going through medically approved corrective measures);(iv) Hearing
impairment (cannot hear at all or hard of hearing any sound) & Speech delay (problem in
speaking using body language and gestures, communicating, and understanding what other say);
(v) Behavioural problems ( experience problems in communicating and interacting with adults or
other children, e.g., autism); (vi) Learning disabilities (this disorder affects development in the
basic psychological processes of understanding or using written or spoken language). Much of
the disability burden can be reduced if the developmental delays are detected early and Early
Intervention is initiated, thereby averting a permanent disability. Unfortunately, till lately, little
emphasis had been laid on the medico-social aspects of underlying aetiology of these conditions,
of which very scanty data is available. If we could identify the major contributing factors to
developmental delays and curb them, the burden of developmental challenges and ultimate
disability could be largely reduced.
According to UN Enable (UN Website particularly developed for disability) around 10% of the
world's populations, 650 million people, live with disabilities. Women and children with
disabilities are particularly at a greater risk of abuse. About 90% of children with disabilities
worldwide do not attend school. Children with disabilities are at a 1.7 times greater risk of being
subjected to some form of violence (UN enable, 2008). According to Child Rights Information
Network (CRIN) over 150 million children worldwide have a disability. 90% of the children with
disabilities will not survive pass twenty years of age (CRIN, 2008). The British Department for
International Development (DFID) has recognized that, ‘disability is a major cause of social
exclusion and it is both the cause and consequence of poverty’ (DFID, 2000).
In India 1.67% of the 0-19 population has a disability. 35.29% of all people living with
disabilities are children (Census of India, 2001). Other estimates say that India has 12 million
children living with disabilities (CIF, 2008). Only 1% of children with disabilities have access to
school and one third of most disabilities are preventable (CIF, 2008). Under-nutrition is a severe
problem with children who suffer from cerebral palsy (Hung et. al., 2003). In India 80% of
children with disabilities will not survive past age forty (Kataria, 2002).
Disability in India is still functioning in the sphere of social welfare instead of a rights
perspective. As there is no direct mortality associated with the various types of disabilities, they
remain at the bottom of the government’s priority list. There is no mention of disability either in
the Constitution or the Millennium Development Goals (MDG), thus the treatment and
prevention of disability does not demand much attention. Teachers are not trained and schools
don't have the infrastructure to deal with children with disabilities. Neither are paediatric wards
of hospitals equipped to deal with them. There is not enough data in the grass root level on the
number of children living with disabilities to allow the government to provide the necessary
services. Disability data is essential for monitoring the quality and outcomes of policies for
persons with disabilities. The Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of
Rights and Full Participation) Act (PWD), 1995 and National Policy for Persons with Disabilities
released in 2006 are two of the initiatives which emphasized the importance given to this
particular issue by the Government of India (NSSO, 2002). The PWD Act imposes specific
obligation on the government to undertake surveys, investigation and research concerning causes
of disability. In India, the major sources of official statistics on disability are the decadal
Population Censuses and the regular large scale sample surveys on disability conducted by
National Sample Survey Office (NSSO). Indian Census has been providing data on mainly five
types of disabilities like, visual, locomotor, hearing, speech and mental. It provides the disability
prevalence rates in different states of India within different age groups, gender and place of
residence. Similarly, NSSO data provides important insights into the causes of disability and age
specific prevalence rates for different types of disabilities. Other sources include different
voluntary organizations (NGOs) who are providing comprehensive services to the persons with
disabilities at the grass root level and also generating representative community-based data which
will help to plan and execute appropriate measures to address the problems of persons living with
disability.
These official data may be utilized in the present study by considering the prevalence rates of
different types of disabilities and their socio-economic backgrounds within the children, so that a
comparative view can be generated at the state and national level. Thus the findings of the grass
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
20
Social Sciences Division, ISI
root level may help us for further cross checking in terms of the quality and completeness of
reporting at macro level.
But the two (Census and NSSO) differ substantially especially in respect of overall estimates of
persons with various types of disability and their age distribution, mainly due to differences in
the concepts and definitions as also the data collection methodologies (CSO, 2012). Since the
data are collected by the non-medical investigators, it is imperative to define disability in a very
careful and guarded way to minimize the bias of the investigators and respondents. The concepts
and definitions spelt out in the act were found to be difficult to canvass in the absence of expert
investigator specifically trained for the purpose.
Against the above said backdrop, there is a need of systematic and organized community based
survey to identify and take care of children with developmental delays or disability, wherein they
can be managed and treated. It becomes important to develop the guidelines to provide services
for the effective diagnosis, care, understanding the cause, management, treatment and prevention
of various types of developmental challenges among children. There is hardly any study
available on developmental delays or disability by background socio-demographic characteristics
particularly on children in the backward district of Purulia, West Bengal. The objective of the
present project is not only to find out the socio-demographic determinants of developmental
challenges among young children (0 -6) years, but also to identify their problems with the help of
skilled medical experts so that they can get immediate proper treatment and rehabilitation in
course of time. Certainly this will add a small but positive step towards this great problem in our
society. In this context a study can be mentioned on Mentally Challenged Children in Sholapur
District, Maharashtra by CHILDLINE India Foundation in 2008 (CIF, 2008). Key findings of the
study were that in 24% of the mentally challenged children, one of the parents was mentally
retarded. 11% of mothers of mentally challenged children were below eighteen years. 36% of
mothers reported complications during pregnancy while 41.2% reported stress. Only 8% of
mentally challenged children attended normal schools. 33% of parent didn't allow their children
to interact with other children due to fear of them being teased, accidents, aggressive behaviour,
etc (CIF, 2008).
Data and Methodology
Purulia is a backward district in the state of West Bengal. In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj
named Purulia as one out of the country’s 250 most backward districts. About 43.65% families in
the rural areas of the district belong to BPL category. A high proportion of the populations
(88.93%) in the district are in the rural areas. Overall literacy level in the district during 2011
Census is 65.38% and for female it is alarmingly low (37.15%) (Census of India, 2011). Thus
with high impoverishment and low literacy it is likely that more children will be available those
who have problems with developmental delays. That is why the district has considered finding
out the gravity of the existence of children’s developmental delays and their correlates via
household survey.
First a survey based on available hospital’s record will be conducted considering the data of high
risk babies of the district hospital namely, Deben Mahato (Sadar) Hospital of Purulia. A special
sick newborn care unit (SNCU) was set up at this hospital, in August 2003 with an aim to
provide special intensified care and treatment to the high risk sick newborns so that Neonatal
Mortality Rate (NMR) can be reduced to some extent. High risk new born are those sick
neonates, particularly premature babies, low birth weight babies, babies with perinatal hypoxia,
convulsions, severe jaundice etc. These babies are most vulnerable to poor developmental
outcome, which evolves with age and needs to be picked up as early as possible to render timely
or early intervention (Nair et al., 2005). This calls in for a high risk follow-up by a specialized
team. This is essential to detect and prevent developmental challenges in the vulnerable children
(Spittle et. al, 2007).
A specialized team has already been setup with the support of the district health department and
local social welfare organisations (NGOs) who are working in this aspect in the district of
Purulia. Their objective is to identify developmental delays in high risk babies at the grass root
level and also to provide early intervention facilities by their expert specialized team (comprises
of Developmental Pediatrician, Ophthalmologist, Developmental Psychologist, Occupational
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
21
Therapist, Physiotherapist, Speech Therapist, and Special Educator). They also offer training to
parents and health workers for home based early intervention therapy.
Screening for developmental delay of the high risk babies are conducted in the district hospital of
Purulia in 2 steps. First, the records of high risk babies discharged from Deben Mahato Sadar
Hospital SNCU are tracked and categorized according to their home address, block wise by the
trained block level health workers and NGO workers. Then, the parents of the high risk babies
are motivated & mobilised to attend a screening camp organized in the district hospital, where an
expert team of developmental pediatricians and therapists performed screening & assessments to
arrive at a definite diagnosis and also simultaneously initiated early intervention therapy.
Training has also provided to parents or family members of the child on home based
management.
This team has already identified a large number of children (out of 717 babies discharged over
the study period of 2010 – 2012), with some developmental delays or challenges of different
nature like, locomotor, hearing, speech, cognitive or social. Now a portion of these children,
hailing from identified blocks has been regularly followed up for the next 8 months, whereas the
rest will not be stringently followed due to dearth of trained staff. Thus, the task of the present
project is to conduct a household survey among the above said total high risk children of SNCU
to understand contextual factors, particularly on the socioeconomic factors representing the
background of a child’s life and living along with parental characteristics (age, gender, ethnic,
education, household wealth, health, etc.). The idea here is to use the collected data to explore
associations between existing developmental delays in children’s activities and participation in
life situations, and their contextual factors. Along with the above survey a questionnaire of
parental attitude and awareness will be canvassed to observe their social attitude and behavioural
patterns towards children with developmental delays or disabilities.
Now, within the identified developmentally delayed children, two groups will be further formed.
One group will include those children who are under early intervention and treatment. Another
group consists of the children who are suffering from developmental delay but not under any
intervention and treatment. Based on this feature, the two groups (one with continuous follow-up
& intervention and the other with no follow up & intervention) may be compared to observe their
differences in improvement, as well as change in parental attitude to the problem. Thus, an
interesting result may come out from this control group of study.
Final field survey will be conducted in the few selected blocks of the district. A suitable sampling
method will be adopted for the conduct of the survey based on the concentration and prevalence
of the problem in different areas of the district. The ultimate survey will be executed at the
household level. A total of 1000 households will be approximate total sample size. A group of
trained personnel like block level health workers and local NGO workers (training will be
provided by the above said team) will identify children at risk of developmental delay from
community and simultaneously household survey will be conducted by them at the grass root
level. Allied questionnaires will also be canvassed among the parents to find out the socio
cultural aspects of developmental delays or disabilities and their attitude towards the problem.
Children with developmental delay from the community, hitherto undetected, will thus be
identified by the trained block level workers and referred to the specialised clinics or to a special
developmental delay detection camp in the hospital. The expert team of developmental
pediatricians and therapists will be available to identify finally the problems of the child. The
expert team will also suggest and provide early intervention and therapy to those who screened
positive. Finally training will be provided to parents or family members of the child about home
based management.
Statistical Analysis
First, exploratory analysis will be done for the maternal, demographic, health and socioeconomic
characteristics on developmental delays in children. Linear and logistic multiple regression will
be performed to observe the relationship of childhood developmental delay with family and
household demographic, social and economic circumstances. To observe the effects of Early
Intervention, Cox Proportional Hazard Model will be used to the children with developmental
delay (who received early intervention) with the control group of children having received no
such intervention. Demographic parameters will be adjusted as and when necessary. The logistic
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
22
Social Sciences Division, ISI
regression model will be utilized in assessing the effects of various socioeconomic variables on
perception and attitudes of parents toward developmentally challenged children.
Plan of work
In first year, the following works (i) literature review; (ii) collection of relevant official data from
district hospital and other sources; (iii) preparation of questionnaire schedule with training of
investigators; (iv) canvassing of questionnaire schedule (based on hospital records) in the identified
household of the child having developmental delay and in the second year, (i) relevant block &
village level information; (ii) village selection; (iii) listing of households of each selected village
with basic information; (iv) data collection on main final questionnaire schedule and organising
delay detection camp and training to parents on home based management; (ii) scrutiny of data and
data computerisation; and (iii) analysis and report writing will be completed.
References:
 Durkin M.S. (2001), “Measurement of Childhood Disabilities in Population Studies.”, Paper
presented at the United Nations Seminar on Measurement of Disability, 4–6 June, New York.
 Durkin M.S. et al. (1995), “Evaluating a Ten Questions screen for childhood disability: reliability
and internal structure in different culture”, Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 48 (5): 657-66.
 Edilberto Loaiza, Claudia Cappa. 2005. Measuring Children’s Disability via Household Surveys:
The MICS Experience. Paper presented at the Population Association of America (PAA)
meeting. March 30 - April 2, 2005. Philadelphia, PA.
 WHO (2001), International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities, and Handicaps, ISBN 92
4 1545 42 9, WHO, Geneva.
 United Nations. 2010. World Population Monitoring – Focus on Health, Morbidity, Mortality
and Development – A Concise Report.
 National Sample Survey Organization. 2002. Disabled Persons in India: NSS 58th Round.
Report No. 485. New Delhi: Ministry of Statistics and Program Implementation, Government of
India.
 Census of India. 2001. Disabled population by type of disability, age, sex and type. New Delhi:
Registrar General Office. DFID. Disability, poverty and development. 2000. Available at
http://handicapinternational.fr/bibliographiehandicap/4PolitiqueHandicap/
hand_pauvrete/
DFID_disability.pdf.
 Ganesh KS, Das A, Shashi JS. 2008. Epidemiology of disability in a rural community of
Karnataka, Indian Journal of Public Health; 52: 125-129.
 Indian Council of Medical Research. 2007. Prevention of Disability in Children. ICMR Bulletin;
37: 9-16.
 Joshi K, Kumar R, Avasthi A. Morbidity profile and its relationship with disability and
Psychological distress among elderly people in Northern India. International Journal of
Epidemiology, 2003; 32: 978-987.
 Kandamuthan M and Kandamuthan S. 2004. The Economic Burden of Disabled Children on
Families in Kerala in South India. Centre for Development Studies Discussion Paper No. 91.
Available at http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=995114.
 Kumar A. Draft of National Policy for Persons with Disability. 2005. New Delhi: Ministry of
Social Justice and Empowerment. Available at http://www.disabilityindia.org /draftpolicy.cfm.
 Kumar SG, Das A, Bhandary PV, Soans SJ, Kumar HNH, Kotian MS. 2008. Prevalence and
pattern of mental disability using Indian disability evaluation assessment scale in a rural
community of Karnataka. Indian Journal of Psychiatry; 50: 21–23.
 Patel S. An Empirical Study of Causes of Disability in India. Internet Journal of Epidemiology,
2009; Volume 6 Number 2.
 Singh A. 2008. Burden of disability in a Chandigarh village. Indian Journal of Community
Medicine; 33: 113-115.
 Nair MKC, Jana AK, Niswade AK. 2005. Editorial. Neonatal survival & Beyond. Indian Pediatr;
42: 985-8.
 Spittle AJ, Orton AJ, Doyle LW, Boyd R. 2007. Early Developmental Intervention Programs
post hospital discharge to prevent motor and cognitive impairments in preterm infants. Cochrane
database Syst. Rev.; 2: CD005495.
8. Item wise breakup of the budget proposed (only Revenue):
Financial requirement: Grand Total Outlay
: Rs. 9.35 Lakhs
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
23
(For two financial years: 2014-15, 2015-16)
a) Proposed budget for 2014-2015 : Total outlay
Revenue Item
: Rs. 3.90 lakhs
Expenditure*
(Rupees in Lakhs)
2.40
Field Work and Secondary data collection from hospital and other sources
(TA, DA, Transport, Field guide etc.)
Two days Training of field investigators by the expert team
0.90
Data Scrutiny and Entry
0.20
Contingency (stationary, printing, Xerox, computer consumables, books,
0.40
journals etc.)
Total
3.90
Capital expenditure (2014-15): Nil
b) Proposed budget for: 2015-2016: Total outlay
: Rs. 5.45 Lakhs
Revenue Item
Expenditure*
(Rupees in Lakhs)
Field Work (TA, DA, Transport, Field guide etc.)
2.80
Two days Developmental Delay Detection Camp by the expert team
1.00
One day Awareness Camp for the parents of disabled children by the
1.00
expert team
Data Scrutiny and Entry
0.25
Contingency (stationary, printing, Xerox, computer consumables, books,
0.40
journals etc.)
Total
5.45
Capital expenditure (2015-16)
: Nil
Grand Total
: Rs. 9.35 Lakhs
[* Out of the total budget, the maximum is incurred in connection with field works due to the
following reasons (i) remoteness of the selected villages; (ii) poor communication system and
transportation problems; and (iii) existence of political disturbance (though comparatively less).]
Assets: None
9. Projects in last five years: A Workshop on Techniques of Analysis of Demographic and Health
Statistics and Application of Computer Software, Prasanta Pathak, Subhas Burman and Partha
De ,PSU, ISI, 2012-13.
10. Expected date of completion: 31 March, 2016
11. Quaterly projection of expenditure during 2014-2015:
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
Year
Rev.
Total
Rev.
Total
Rev.
Total
Rev.
Total
Rev.
Total
90000/- 90000/ 100000/- 100000/ 100000/- 100000/ 110000/- 110000/ 390000/- 390000/12. For general projects only (on-going): Not applicable
13. For general projects only (New):
Total expected
budget (A)
Rev.
Total
Proposed budget for
2014-15 (B)
Rev.
Total
9,35,000/- 9,35,000/- 3,90,000/- 3,90,000/-
Action
Plan/Target in
terms of
percentage (%)
201420152015
2016
100.00
100.00
%
%
14. For North-East project only (on-going): Not applicable
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Financial target in
terms of
percentage (%)
20142015
100.00
%
20152016
100.0 %
Social Sciences Division, ISI
24
15. For North-East project only (New): Not applicable
Recent Publications:
 De, Partha, Dhar, Arpita, Bhattacharya, B.N. (2012) Efficiency of Health Care System in India:
An Inter-State Analysis using DEA Approach; Social Work in Public Health, Vol. 27, Issue 5,
pp. 482-506, Taylor & Francis, Routledge.
 De, Partha, Dhar, Arpita (2013) Inequality in Child Mortality across different States of India: A
Comparative Study; Journal of Child Health Care, Sage Publications, London, United Kingdom
(Online First publication). DOI: 10.1177/1367493512468359, http:// chc.sagepub.com/
content/early/recent.
 Pandey, Arvind, Bhattacharya,B.N, Sahu, D., De, Partha, Gulati,B.K., Shukla, A.K. , Mitra,
R.G., Mohan, Pavitra. (2012) Infant and Child Mortality in India: Levels, Trends and
Determinants, National Institute of Medical Statistics (NIMS), Indian Council of Medical
Research (ICMR), and UNICEF India Country Office, New Delhi, India. (UNICEF publication:
www.unicef.org/india/Report.pdf).
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
25
PRU (General, New)
Project No. 4.1
1. Title of the Project: National Conference on “Adolescence Development: Issues and Challenges”
2. Brief objective and justification: The objective is to conduct a National level Conference on
“Adolescence Development: Issues and Challenges”
3. Date of commencement: April, 2014
4. Name of the Proposing Scientists: Anjali Ghosh, Rumki Gupta & DebDulal Dutta Roy.
5. Name of other Associated Scientists with their affiliation: Professor Amita Mazumder, Economic
Research Unit, I.S.I
6. A brief write up on the scope and justification of the project and the proposed work: Adolescence
represents a psychosocial revolution in the whole life cycle of an individual. Adolescence is viewed as
a transitional period between childhood and adulthood, whose purpose is to prepare the child for adult
roles. In this period the focus on adolescence highlights the identity issues which have long been
regarded as central to adolescent development.
According to the report of UNICEF (2011) around 20% of India’s population is adolescents. In
the era of globalization, adolescents have a pivotal role to play. Adolescents in this globalization era
want to know new and unusual things, and they have to cope up with different stressful situations.
Keeping these things in mind this conference will be conducted for two days. Probable
presenters in the conference will be faculties and research fellows working in the area of adolescent
development in the different universities of India for example, Department of Human development
&Family Studies-M.S. University of Baroda, Department of Psychology: University of Calcutta, IITKanpur, Amity University, Pondicherry University, Centre for advanced Studies in PsychologyAllahabad University, Delhi University and others. Professors T.S.Saraswati, Lilavati Krishnan,
Shagufa Kapadia, Nilanjana Sanyal, Sibnath Deb and others will be invited to give lectures on the
topics viz. Psychosocial development of adolescence, Cognitive development of adolescence, Moral
development in adolescent, Adolescence and peer pressure, Social and emotional development of
adolescence, adolescence development and social networking etc. Research scholars, faculties and
scientific workers working in this area will also participate in this conference. Registration fee of
Rs.1000/- will be taken from each participant.
The Conference will help us to know important issues of adolescent development and find out
ways to tackle these challenges.
7. Item wise break-up of the budget proposed (2014-15) :
Sr. No
Item
1
2
3
Airfare for 4/5 invited speakers
Transport charges
Printing (brochure, banner,
invitation card) photocopying etc
Lunch, tea/coffee etc. (approx. for
100 persons)
Telephone, postage etc.
Conference bag, folder, pen, pad
etc.
Accommodation(Guest House +
Hostel charges)
Miscellaneous
4
5
6
8
9
Total
Amount
(Rs.)
1,50,000.00
35,000.00
55,000.00
1,50,000.00
10,000.00
90,000.00
1,10,000.00
15,000.00
6,15,000.00
8. Brief particulars of Assets, proposed to be acquire from Capital Budget, should be
mentioned. In case of replacement, particulars of the asset to be condemned (e.g., Year of
Purchase, Cost) : N.A.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Social Sciences Division, ISI
26
9. List of all projects undertaken by the proposing scientist in the last five years :
Project / research
Undertaken
Ego-identity
status
during
Adolescence and Early adulthood.
(2006-08) P.I.
Sl.
No
1
Status
Money
budgeted
Money
spent
Publications
Report submitted. One
paper published in a
journal & one paper
published in Conference
Proceeding.
Report submitted.
Completed
2,39,000/-
2,03,000/-
Improvement upon Management
Entrance Test using Item Response
Theory (IRT). (2006) P.I. With
Prof. A. Chowdhari, Dr. R. Gupta
&Mr. S.K. Mitra. Of ASRC
Emotional Display Rules &
Personality Pattern Across Different
Groups of Individuals. (2008-11)
P.I.
Completed
(Externally
funded)
2,00,000/-
1,67,000/(approx.)
Completed
4,81,000/-
4,35,000/(approx.)
4
External Evaluation of Special
Adult Literacy Programme of
Tripura (2010-11) – P.I.
Completed
5
Recruitment of Accounts Assistant
in KMDA (2012-13) P.I.
Completed
All
the
expenditure
incurred by the
Government of
Tripura
3,56,200/-
Report submitted. Two
papers
presented
in
International Conferences
and one paper published in
an International journal.
Report Submitted
1,57,350/(approx).
Report Submited
2
3








Publications from various projects during 2008 - 2012
Karmakar, R. & Ghosh, A. – Moral Development of Female Students of North-Eastern Region of
India. In Gassah, L.S.(Ed.) Women Empowerment Movement In North-East India. Omsons
Publications, New Delhi, 2008, 228-244.
Basak, R. & Ghosh, A. – Ego-Identity Status and Its relationship with self-esteem in a Group of Late
Adolescents, Journal of The Indian Academy of Applied Psychology, 2008, 34, 2, 337-344.
Ghosh,A. – Transactive Memory, Self-Construal and Subjective Well-Being in a Group of Indian
Couples,Interpersona,2008 ,2 (2) 173-192.
Karmakar,R.; Ghosh, A. & Dewanji, A.- On Some Determinants For distributive Justice in Children :
A Study Based on Three States of India, Calcutta Statistical Association Bulletin,2008,60 (239240),255-275.
Basak, R. & Ghosh, A. – Relation of Parental Education and Occupation with Mathematics Selfefficacy and Achievement of Students, Journal of Education and Psychological Studies, 2010, 4(1),
1-7.
Ghosh, A. – Expressive Differences for Emotions In Visually Challenged and Normal Individuals,
International Journal of Arts and Sciences, 2010, 3(15), 255-265.
Ghosh, A- Ego- identity Status in Different Groups of Late adolescents. In P. Singh, P. Bain, ChanHoong. Leong, G. Misra,& Y. Ohtsubo (Eds.) Identity, Multiculturalism & Changing Societies,
Progress in Asian Social Psychology Series,2011, Vol.8, 95-108, Mac Milan Publishers.
Ghosh, Anjali.: Individualist-Collectivist Orientations and Achievement value in college
students. Journal of Transpersonel Research, 4(1), 39 - 46, 2012.
10. Expected date of completion
: March, 2015
11. Quarterly projection of Expenditure during 2014-2015:
1st
Rev. Cap. Total
10%
10%
2nd
Rev. Cap.
25%
3rd
4th
Total
Total Rev. Cap. Total Rev. Cap. Total Rev. Cap. Total
25% 45%
45% 20%
20% 100%
100%
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
27
12. For General Projects only (On-going): Not Applicable
13. For General Projects only (New)
Total expected budget Proposed budget for Action plan/Target in Financial target
(A) (in lakhs)
in
terms
of
2014-15 (B) (in lakhs) terms of
percentage (%)
percentage (%)
Rev.
Cap. Total
Rev.
Cap. Total
2014-15
2014-15
6,15,000
6,15,000 6,15,000
6,15,000
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
100%
100%
Social Sciences Division, ISI
28
PRU (General, New)
Project No. 4.2
1. Title of the Project: Summer / Winter School on Data Mining in Psychological Research
1.1 Short term: DM
2. Brief Objective and Justification (2 or 3 sentences): Usual parametric statistical tools require
specific assumptions of data collection and data distribution. It is applicable when data collection
process is hypothesis driven. Therefore, these tools are not applicable when data are extracted
from large data reservoir where in data are randomly generated without any specific hypothesis.
These data are complex in nature, some data are digitized and some are not. Both may be of text
and non-text data. Data mining provides specific knowledge about how to extract data with
computer algorithms, how to clean the data and how to develop pattern of grouping the data in
order to develop theory in Psychological Research.
Aim of this project is to disseminate knowledge about purposes, assumptions and computations
of different data mining techniques and statistical tools used in Psychological Research. This will
help the trainees to extract digitized and non-digitized psychological response data scattered
around for development of theory in Psychology.
3. Date of Commencement: April 2014.
4. Name of the Principal Investigator/ Proposing Scientist with their affiliations :
Dr. D. Dutta Roy, Psychology Research Unit (PRU), Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata.
5. Name of other Scientist(s) with their affiliations :
 Prof. Ayanendranath Basu, Bayesian and Interdisciplinary Research Unit (BIRU), Indian
Statistical Institute, Kolkata.
 H. Krishnamurthy, Chief Research Scientist, Supercomputer Education and Research Centre,
Indian Institute of Science.
6. A brief write-up on the scope and justification of the project and the proposed work (not more
than half a page): In psychological research data mining is almost untouched area due to
inadequate knowledge and over emphasis on traditional research. Data mining is data driven,
data adaptive research. It is flexible approach in making sense out of randomly generated data.
Aim of this school is to disseminate knowledge about computer algorithms for data mining
and set of statistical tools that do not require parametric assumptions. Some tools are hierarchical
and non-hierarchical cluster analysis for pattern recognition, Correspondence analysis for
plotting relation among several multivariate data, box-whisker plot analysis for data cleaning.
Besides, knowledge about some uncommon tools and their applications will be disseminated.
These are tree- structured regression and classification, neural networks and smoothing methods.
Proposed work:
 Duration: The school will be held for 3-days in summer or winter depending on
accommodation in the guest house.
 Applicants: Faculties, Researchers (including registered Research Scholars) and
practitioners in India can apply. Participants should have good knowledge of
psychometrics and statistics and experience in computer based psychological data
analysis.
 Hospitality: Outstation participants will be provided local hospitality (board and lodging)
at the ISI guest house, Kolkata. Working lunch and snacks will be provided to all
participants (including local participants) free of cost on all three days. Outstation
participants will be reimbursed for return fare by train (AC 3-tier)/bus by the shortest
route, subject to submission of ticket or money receipt. No payments shall be made
without proper supporting documents.
 Course: The course includes (a) Introduction to data mining (b) Basic concept of
statistical tools for data mining in Psychological Research (c) Computations. One
volume will be prepared based on lectures. One research committee will be formed to
design the course.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD

29
Pedagogy: It includes lecture and hands-on-experience. Some real data will be presented
for computations. The real data are Ranked work values. 14 path and 14 goal oriented
Rabindrik work values were ranked. Trainees will be administered only ranks. Sample
data are given below:
Ethical issue: The original data or extracted output will not be used to harm any
individual or individuals.
Certificates of attendance will be provided only to candidates who attend at all sessions.
7. Project outlay & expenditure
Sl.No.
Item
Revenue
1.
Train (AC 3 Tier)/Airfare for 20 outstation participants (@ Rs.4,000)
Rs.80,000
2.
Airfare for two outstation resource persons (@ Rs.15,000)
Rs.30,000
3.
Rs.24,000
5.
Board and lodging for 20 outstation participants for four days (@ Rs.600
per day per person)
Lunch for 50 participants, resource persons and organizing staffs for 3
days (@ Rs.250 per day per person)
Tea and snacks for 50 persons for 3 days (@ Rs.50 per day per person)
6.
Honorarium and conveyance for 6 invited resource persons (@ Rs.2,000)
Rs.12,000
7.
Reading materials for 50 persons (@ Rs.500)
Rs.25,000
8.
Training kits including bags, pads, pens etc. for 50 persons (@ Rs.400)
Rs.20,000
9.
Local Transport for 3 days (Rs.15,000)
Rs.15,000
10.
Preparatory activities including advertisements, communication, travel,
preparation of materials etc.
Food and accommodation charges for additional days
Rs.5,000
Miscellaneous expenses including postal expenses, generator, banner,
flower, photography, secretarial assistance, contingencies etc.
Total
Rs.25,000
4.
11.
12.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Rs.37,500
Rs.7,500
Rs.23,000
Rs.3,04,000
Social Sciences Division, ISI
30
8. Brief particulars of Assets, proposed to be acquire from Capital Budget, should
be
mentioned. In case of replacement, particulars of the asset to be condemned (e.g., Year of
Purchase, Cost) : NA
9. List of all ongoing projects undertaken by the Proposing Scientist in the last 5 years and for
each, give (i) Status (ii) Money budgeted, (iii) Money spent, (iv) Publications
10. (if any). :
Title
Status
Money spent
Publications
Ongoing
Money
budgeted
1,20,000
Differential Validity of Computer Programming
Abilities (2012-2015)
Workshop on Application of Reliability statistics in
Psychological Research (2011-2012)
Self-efficacy of Agricultural farmers (2009-12)
Orientation training on questionnaire design for
psychological and educational researches (2008-09)
Attitude towards school infrastructure in rural areas
(2007-08)
1,11,148
0
Completed
80,000
61,675
2
Completed
Completed
5,97,000
2,15,000
4,06,086.10
35063
1
1
Completed
1,17,000
84446.22
1
11. Expected date of Completion: March, 2015
12. Quarterly projection of Expenditure during 2014-2015:
1st
Rev.
25%
Cap.
Total
25%
2nd
Rev.
25%
Cap.
Total
25%
3rd
Rev.
25%
Cap.
Total
25%
4th
Rev.
25%
Cap.
Total
25%
Total
Rev. Cap.
100%
Total
100%
13. For General Projects only (On-going): Not Applicable
14. For General Projects only (New)
Total expected budget
(A)
Proposed budget for 2014- Action plan/Target in terms Financial target in terms of
15 (B)
of percentage (%)
percentage (%)
Rev.
Rev.
Cap. Total
3,04,000
3,04,000 3,04,000
Cap. Total
2014-15
3,04,000 100%
2014-15
100%
15. For North-East Projects only (On-going) : Not applicable
For North-East Projects only (New): Not applicable
List of all scientific papers published in journal over the last 5 years (2008-12)
 Dutta Roy, D., Ghosh,S. and Rahman, F.H. (2012).Perceived Environmental Uncertainty in Crop
cultivation in West Bengal: Agro Psychological Counselling Perspective. Indian Journal of
Psychology. Special issue, January, 111-120.
 Dutta Roy,D.(2011).Construct validity of Reading motivation. Journal of the Indian Academy of
Applied Psychology, vol.37,No.1, 106-113.
 Roy,A. and Dutta Roy,D.(2010). Predicting cash flow of Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan in West Bengal :
An exploratory study of public finance. Journal of Management research in Emerging
economics. Vol.1.1. 60-69.
 Dutta Roy,D.(2010).Cluster Analysis for Test-Retest Reliability. International Journal of
Psychological Research , 3,1,132-140. (published from USA)
 Dutta Roy, D. (2009) - Construct validity of writing motivation questionnaire. International
Journal of Psychological Research , 3,2,6-11 (published from USA)
 Dutta Roy,D.(2009). Self-efficacy of Agricultural farmers:A case study. Journal of the Indian
Academy of Applied Psychology, 35,2, 323-328.
 Dutta Roy, D. (2008). Assessing Validity of Web-Based Computer Adaptive Training Modules,
Journal Of The Indian Academy of Applied Psychology, Vol. 34, No.1, January, 127-136.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
31
Social Sciences Division, ISI
32
SOSU (General, New)
Project No. 6.3
1. Title of the Project: Finding out the Direct and the Indirect Roles of Various Socio-economic
and Demographic Factors, Health and Family Welfare and Other Developmental Programmes in
the Growth of Population : A Case Study on Giridih
Name of Principal Investigator: Prasanta Pathak
2. Name of Associated Scientist: Anil Chowdhury, ISI, Giridih
3. Year of Inception: April, 2014
4. Year of Completion: March, 2015
5. Scope of the Project: There are number of studies that have attempted to explain population
growth by using various socio-economic and demographic variables (see Valavanis-vail (1955),
Weintraub (1962), Klein (1963), Adelman (1963), Krishnamurty (1966)). Per capita real income
and its growth over time, ratio of population in farming, infant mortality rate, age specific
fertility rates, age specific mortality rates, health indicator like number of physicians per 1000
population, percentage of labour force employed outside agriculture, education, population
density, urbanization, time trend, etc. have been used as explanatory variables. The role of the
programmatic factors, meaning implementation of various developmental programmes including
Heath and Family Welfare programme, however, have not so far been taken into account
explicitly. Analytical studies using micro level data have also not been seen so far. The empirical
study by Banerji and Saha (2010) attempts to some extent at filling the gap. There is, thus, a need
for an in-depth study which can relate development dynamics with population growth.
Development dynamics may be understood in terms various income generating programmes of
the state and the central governments and its beneficiaries in different states in India. Income
generating activities associated with the programmes include construction of roads, houses,
canals, etc., development of farming at advanced level and establishment of small & medium
scale industries and so on. Population growth, on the other hand, is an outcome of fertility,
mortality and migration. Infant mortality being the main constituent of mortality, it needs to be
studied in particular. In fact, the reproductive
and child health programme of the government aims at reducing both the fertility and the child
mortality. With increasing income generating capability of people, it is expected that they would
seek health care for women and children more. While, reproductive and child health programme
is supposed to have a big role in controlling the growth of a population the success of the
programme depends on the economic status of people, which again depends on economic
development.
Migration is the third component that influences growth of a population. While in an underdeveloped state of an area, people (predominantly the adult males) tend to move out of the area
for better livelihood, the out-migration is likely to fall with area development. In higher
development phase, the area might even become a destination for the in-migrants. Thus, the
growth of population is again expected to be dependent on the level of development. Present
study chooses a district in an under-developed state in India, where population growth rate is
high. It attempts at explaining the population growth in the perspective of local development
dynamics.
The chosen state is Jharkhand, which was formed more than a decade back to satisfy aspirations
of the people in the tribal districts of Bihar. The state is rich in valuable minerals and coal and
has extensive forest areas. The people of the state, however, are generally poor (about 52%
households fall in the lowest wealth quintile as per National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3
findings) and backward due to insufficient developmental activities in the primary, the secondary
and the tertiary sectors. The problem of backwardness has got further aggravated by high
population growth rate (23.36% during 1991-2001 as per Census estimate and TFR of 3.3 as per
NFHS-3 estimate) and low education and health status (literacy rate 53.6%, with 67.3% for males
and 38.9% for females and IMR equaling 69 per 1000 live births as per NFHS-3 estimates).
Backwardness of remote areas has given birth to Maoist problem in Jharkhand as well. In the
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
33
absence of sufficient developmental activities, controlling the growth of population is essential
for improving the economic status of the people. While Family Welfare Programme and/or
Reproductive and Child Health Programme directly attempt at controlling the growth of
population, the success of it depends not only on effective and efficient implementation of these
programmes but also on successful implementation of number of other programmes focusing on
education, income generation, expansion of infrastructure, etc. It is thus worth investigating the
direct and indirect roles of not only various socio-economic and demographic factors but also
various developmental programmes in controlling the growth of population.
The project within its limited scope does not focus on the whole state. It takes Giridih district as a
case and attempts to make an in-depth study on the raised research question. Choice of the
district is led by the existence of a centre of ISI in the district head quarter and some studies,
done earlier by ISI scientists on the district. The population growth rate in Giridih during 19912001 was 27.09%, higher than the state growth rate. The literacy rate for the district was lower
than the state literacy rate (44.5% to be precise, with 62.1% for males and 26.6% for females).
The birth rate and the IMR for the district in 2001 were 35.8 and 67.0 respectively, both
considered to be high.
6. (A) General Objective: Finding out the direct and indirect roles of various socio-economic and
demographic factors, and different developmental programmes in controlling the growth of
population.
(B) Specific Objectives:
(1) Identify on the basis of extensive literature search, the socio-economic and the demographic
factors and also the developmental programmes that are directly or indirectly associated with
population growth.
(2) Get details of the developmental programmes and associated activities, implemented in
Giridih since 1980 inclusive of incurred expenditures, geographical coverage, achievements and
targeted beneficiaries.
(3) Get details of changing level of well being of local people, measured in terms of absorption in
gainful economic activities, earning, consumption, formation of assets and properties,
occupation, education, living arrangement, social and cultural norms, reproductive and child
health status and other demographic features, crimes and social unrest, etc.
(4) Find out association of various socio-economic and demographic factors and developmental
programmes with growth of population, inclusive of the role of migration.
(5) Find out precisely the changes that are required for controlling effectively the growth of
population.
7. Methodology: Secondary sources of information inclusive of published and unpublished research
papers, reports and records will be used to achieve the first two objectives. This also might
necessitate collecting information from government and non-government officials and agencies
through interviews and interactions. The programmes which will be particularly focused during
collection of information are of two types. The programmes that generate employment will be
focused on one hand to understand the development dynamics. The first three in the following
list are such programmes. The reproductive and child health program, on the other hand, will be
considered to take into account the fertility and the mortality components of population growth.
Information on migration will be collected through appropriate questions in the survey schedule.
1) Swarnajayanti Grama Swarojgar Yojana (SGSY)
2) Prime Minister’s Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP)
3) Employment Assurance Scheme (EAS)
4) Reproductive and Child Health Programme (RCHP)
The secondary sources of information like different census publications, National Sample Survey
reports, National Family Health Survey reports, District Level Health Survey Reports, Facility
Survey Reports, State Annual Reports, Statistical Abstracts, reports on implementation of
National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) and other available reports will be used to
serve the third objective. The study needs in-depth probing at household level. Therefore, a
household survey will be conducted after stratifying 12 blocks of Giridih into three groups by
their level of literacy, a proxy variable for level of development. As per 2001 Census, there are
three blocks with literacy percentages below 40, six blocks with literacy percentages between 40
and 45 and three blocks with literacy percentages 45 and above. Two blocks from each of the
first and the last strata and three blocks from the middle stratum will be chosen for the study,
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Social Sciences Division, ISI
34
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
keeping in mind the distribution of the literacy percentages over the blocks. For each selected
block, the villages in it will be stratified by its population sizes as small, medium and large.
Following Rao, Hartley and Cochran (RHC) (1962), appropriate number of villages will be
selected from the three strata, making it representative of the village size distribution. The total
number of selected villages is expected to be below 90.
In addition to the selected villages, two townships will be selected for the survey by RHC. Urban
Frame Survey Blocks (UFSB), defined in National Sample Survey, will be made use of to choose
the urban blocks. Eight blocks from each township will be selected by SRSWOR (Simple
Random Sampling without Replacement). For each selected village/block, a house listing will be
prepared with the purpose of classifying the households by their economic and social status.
Monthly household consumption expense, type of housing, ownership of house and land, caste
and religion are to be considered while classifying the households as vulnerable, normal and
well-to-do. For villages/blocks with more than 1,200 population, each village/block will be
divided into two or more hamlet-groups or sub-blocks, having more or less equal population
sizes. Two hamlet-groups or sub-blocks will be chosen at random for each such large
village/block.
Attempt will be made to choose by SRSWOR 6 households from each class. From each
household, members who have ever married will be interviewed. Semi-structured questionnaire
will be used for interviewing each respondent. The purpose of interviewing ever married
members of different ages is to find out the change in perception of the required number of
children with changing state of well being over generations. For each
selected village and UFSB, separate instruments will be used to collect information from
panchayat pradhan, local municipal representative or councilor, local recognized NGO, local
schools and colleges, local sun-centre and primary health centre, etc. about available facilities
and services in the area, its capacities, time of inception, status of functioning, etc. Achievements
in relevant development programmes will be measured by appropriate input, process and output
indicators, defined based on available data.
The questionnaires will be processed in computer after necessary editing and coding. Based on
the collected data and associated statistical tables, graphs, application of various techniques of
association analysis and appropriate input-output analysis, the remaining objectives of the study
will be achieved. Results of analyses on the project findings will be shared with a carefully
chosen segment of officials from the Government of Jharkhand. A seminar might be organized
for this purpose. The project report will be prepared after incorporating feedback of the officials
on the project findings.
Achievement: Not applicable.
Constraints: The survey needs covering remote villages. The success of the project depends on
extent of availability secondary data from government and other sources and cooperation from
Jharkhand government and local administration.
Project Outlay and Expenditure: (given at the end)
Amount Spent till March, 2014: Not applicable.
Project Beneficiaries and Expected/Accrued Benefits: Jharkhand Government is the direct
beneficiary of this project. The Institute will also be able to prove the utility of its centre to
Jharkhand Government.
Collaboration: None.
References:
 Adelman, Irma. 1963. An Econometric Analysis of Population Growth, American Economic
Review, June, p.314-339.
 Klein, L.R.1961. A Model of Japanese Economic Growth, 1837 – 1937, Econometrica, July,
p.277 - 292.
 Klein, L.R. and Shinkai, Y. 1963. An Econometric Model of Japan, 1930 – 1959,
International Economic Review, January, p.1 – 28.
 Krishnamurty, K.1966. Economic Development and Population Growth in Low Income
Countries: An Empirical Study for India, Economic Development and Cultural Change,
Vol.15, No.1, p.70 – 75.
 Valvanis-vail, Stefan. 1955. An Econometric Model of USA 1869 – 1953, American
Economic Review Papers and Proceedings, XLV, p. 208 – 221.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
35
 Weintraub, Robert.1962. The Birth Rate and Economic Development: An Empirical Study,
Econometrica, October, p.812 – 817.
New Project
Project Outlay and Expenditure
Sl. No.
Item
No.
Rate
1
Rs. 15,000 per mth. for 10
mths.
Rs. 50 per schedule for 6500
schedules
Rs. 400 per day for 45 days
Amount
(Rs.)
1,50,000.00
1
Project-linked person
2
Field Investigators
3
Field Supervisors
8
4
Field Data Editor
1
5
Vehicle for field visits
4
6
Field visits by project team (3 members)
10 visits
7
DA during field visit by project team(3
members)
50 days
8
Visit to Delhi for information collection
3 visits
9
DA during field visits
12 days
10
Schedule printing, photo copying, etc.
11
12
Training of field investigators and
45 persons
supervisors
Computer entry & data processing & programming
13
Sharing Workshop
30,000.00
14
Miscellaneous
70,000.00
TOTAL
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
6,500 sets
Rs.10,000 per mth for 2.5
months
Rs. 2000 per vehicle per day
for 45 days
Rs. 2,000 for to-and fro trips
for each team member
Rs. 300 per day per person
with free accomodation at
Giridih Guest house
Rs. 20,000 for to-and-fro
trips by air
Rs. 1,500 per day inclusive
of boarding and lodging
3,25,000.00
1,44,000.00
25,000.00
3,60,000.00
60,000.00
45,000.00
60,000.00
18,000.00
Rs. 15 per set
97,500.00
Rs. 200 per person
9,000.00
75,000.00
14,68,500.00
Social Sciences Division, ISI
36
Ongoing Projects
ON-Going
Sr
Unit
Project Leader(s)
Project No. and Name of the Project
Page
On-Going, Noth East Project
1
PRU
4.3
Cognitive Processing Through PASS Model and its Role in Determining Academic
Performance of School Students of North- Eastern India. (2012-15)
…
Anjali Ghosh
…
40
On-Going, General Project
2
LRU
2.2
Biaxial Study of Bangla Lexicosyntax (2013-16)
…
Probal Dasgupta
…
36
3
LRU
2.3
Bengali Pronunciation Dictionary in Electronic and Printed Form (2012-15)
…
Niladri Sekhar Dash
…
38
4
PRU
4.4
Differential validity of Computer programming abilities (2012-15)
…
Debdulal Dutta Roy
…
43
5
PRU
4.5
Parenting styles and academic achievement of the school students. (2013-15)
…
Rumki Gupta
…
46
6
SRU
5.1
Data Gap in Gender Statistics: Women in Mining Industry (2012-15)
…
Molly Chattopadhyay
…
50
7
SRU
5.2
Migration, social network and their impact on the rural households of Jharkhand.
(2013-15)
…
Rabindranath Jana
…
52
8
SRU
5.3
A micro level study of television (TV) watching and childhood obesity in Kolkata city
of West Bengal, India. (2013-15)
…
Susmita Bharati
…
57
9
SRU
5.4
Gender Issues and Empowerment of Women in rural West Bengal (2013-15)
…
Bhola Nath Ghosh
…
60
10
EAU
8.1
Evaluating Official Statistics on Land and Livestock holdings (2012-15)
…
V.K. Ramachandran
…
66
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
37
LRU (General, On-Going)
Project No. 2.2
1. Title of the project: Biaxial Study of Bangla Lexicosyntax.
2. Brief objective and justification (2 or 3 sentences): The purpose of this project is to apply the
biaxial apparatus to the problem of delineating cranberry-compatible environments in Bangla.
Current work suggests that an idiom containing a bound word cannot cross a predicate boundary;
we need to sharpen our knowledge of predicate boundaries. The results of this project are not
only of computational and psycholinguistic interest but also overlap with the socio-cultural study
of common sense as it is encoded in idiomatic structures.
3. Date of Commencement: April 2013
4. Name of the Proposing Scientist/Principal Investigator: Probal Dasgupta, LRU, ISI
5. Name of other associated Scientists with their affiliation: Niladri Sk. Dash (LRU, ISI)
6. A brief write up on the scope and justification of the project and the proposed work (not more
than half a page): The purpose of this project is to apply the biaxial apparatus to the problem of
distinguishing cranberry-compatible from cranberry-incompatible syntactic environments in
Bangla. Current work by the P.I. suggests that an idiom containing a bound word (usually called
a cranberry word) cannot cross a predicate boundary; we need to sharpen our knowledge of
predicate boundaries. In particular, the older proposals that the subject-predicate boundary
within the body of the clause is the relevant line of demarcation are incompatible with data
highlighted by Manaster-Ramer and Wasow; the P.I. is exploring the possibility that the topiccomment boundary is the maximal outer boundary but that prototypical idioms are confined to
the narrow verb phrase. The results of this project are not only of computational and
psycholinguistic interest but also overlap with the socio-cultural study of common sense as it is
encoded in the metaphoric structure of idiomatic expressions. Idiom descriptions underwritten
by the biaxial approach have begun to, and are expected to continue to, illuminate the complex
predicate domain of South Asian lexical systems that need to be better understood for
computational purposes. The contrastive study of ethnic languages vis-a-vis the idiom-free and
opacity-minimizing Archimedean language Esperanto has yielded results reported in the P.I.’s
(2011) book Inhabiting Human Languages cited below; these results will underpin the proposed
study.
7. Item wise break up of the budget proposed (Capital & Revenue) and justification for the same
(not more than 1/4 page):
Items Heads
Capital
Revenue
Salary of 1 Project Assistant
(20,000 X 36 = 7,20,000)
Stores and stationeries
Computer consumables
Maintenance
Total:
2013-2014
NIL
2014-2015
NIL
2015-2016
NIL
Total
NIL
2,40,000
2,40,000
2,40,000
7,20,000
15,000
15,000
10,000
2,80,000
15,000
15,000
10,000
2,80,000
20,000
20,000
10,000
2,90,000
50,000
50,000
30,000
8,50,000
8. Brief particulars of Assets, proposed to be acquired from Capital Budget, should be mentioned.
In case of replacement, particulars of the asset to be condemned (e.g., Year of Purchase,
Cost): Computer, photocopier, and antivirus software are to be procured.
9. List of all ongoing projects undertaken by the Proposing Scientist in the last 5 years and for
each, give (i) Status (ii) Money budgeted, (iii) Money spent, (iv) Publications:
No. of on-going projects
Project No 6
Title
: 1 (One)
: (Ongoing, Northeastern)
: Interlexical study of Asamiya in a substantivist framework
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Social Sciences Division, ISI
38
Status
: On-going
Money budgeted in 2012-2013: Rs. 2.20,000/10. Expected date of Completion: March 2016
11. Quarterly projection of Expenditure during 2013-2014:
Total
Cap.
Rev.
100%
Cap.
NIL
Total
Rev.
Total
25%
Cap.
NIL
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Total
Rev.
4th
25%
Cap.
NIL
Total
Rev.
3rd
25%
Cap.
100%
Total
Rev.
2nd
25%
1st
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
39
LRU (General, Ongoing)
Project No. 2.3
1. Title of the project: Bengali Pronunciation Dictionary in Electronic and Printed Form
2. Brief objective and justification (2 or 3 sentences): The objective of this project is to develop a
Bengali pronunciation dictionary in electronic and printed form with lexical database obtained
from a corpus of modern Bengali texts. It will become a resource for research and application in
applied linguistics, speech technology, language technology, and language processing.
3. Date of Commencement and Completion: April 2012 – March 2015
4. Name of the Proposing Scientist/Principal Investigator: Niladri Sk. Dash, LRU, ISI
5. Name of associated scientists with affiliation: Probal Dasgupta (LRU, ISI)
6. A brief write up on the scope and justification of the project and the proposed work (not more
than half a page): The purpose of the project is to develop a pronunciation dictionary in printed
and electronic form in Bengali. Total number of twenty thousand entry words will be selected
from a large lexical database of frequently used lexical items collected from modern Bengali
corpus. Entry words (including tatsama, tadbhava, native, local and foreign words of different
part-of-speech) will be used in dictionary in their lemmatized and alphabetically sorted form.
Spelling of entry words will be fixed with the proposal of Bangla Akademi, Kolkata to avoid
disputes. Entry word will be transliterated in Indic Roman tagged with diacritics for end users.
Accepted pronunciation of Standard Colloquial Bengali (SCB) will be adopted for entry words,
and this will be presented in standard Bengali script (for those people who know Bengali script
but do not know IPA) and in IPA (for those people who know IPA but do not know Bengali
script). Meaning for entry word will be provided for sense disambiguation. It will be particularly
useful for those homographic and homophonus homonyms (words having similar orthographic
forms or pronunciation but different meanings). The speech output of pronunciation of entry
words will be available both in sentence-free and sentence-bound contexts. This dictionary will
be the first of its kind in Bengali. It will be corpus-based and computer-assisted with a
multimedia interface. It will be useful for language learning, text-to-speech conversion, on-line
language teaching, language recognition, word recognition, machine learning, machine
translation, E-Governance, Bengali-English parallel sentence generation, computational
lexicography, and word-sense disambiguation. It can also be useful for linguistically impaired
people to train them in Bengali speech production. The beneficiaries of the resource are Bengali
learners, foreign learners, language teachers, MT system developers, TTS system developers,
lexicographers, language planners, speech pathologists, and cognitive linguists.
7. Item wise break up of the budget proposed (Capital & Revenue) and justification for the same
(not more than 1/4 page):
Items Heads
Capital
2 Personal Computers
2 software for dictionary design
Revenue
Salary of 2 Project Assistants
(15,000 X 2 X 36 = 10,80,000)
Stores and stationeries
Computer consumables
Maintenance
Total:
2012-2013
2013-2014
2014-2015
Total
100,000
20,000
-
-
1,00,000
20,000
3,60,000
3,60,000
3,60,000
10,80,000
15,000
15,000
10,000
5,20,000
15,000
15,000
10,000
4,00,000
20,000
20,000
10,000
4,10,00
50,000
50,000
30,000
13,30,000
Justifications: Two (2) computers are required for executing the project and two (2) Project
Assistants are required for carrying out the project work
Publications
 Dash, Niladri Sekhar (2010) “Digital dictionary: a physical realization of virtual reality”.
Proceedings of the National Conference on Emerging Trends in Educational Informatics (ETEI
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
40
Social Sciences Division, ISI
2010), 23-24 December 2010, National Institute of Technical Teacher’s Training and Research
(NITTTR), Kolkata, pp. 91-95.
 Dash, Niladri Sekhar (2010) “Utilization of language corpora in compilation of digital
dictionaries for Indic languages”. Presented in the International Seminar on Tamil Computing,
24th-26th February, 2010, Linguistic Studies Unit, Dept. of Tamil Language, Madras University,
Chennai, India.
 Dash, Niladri Sekhar (2011) “Some physical advantages of an electronic dictionary”. Indian
Linguistics. Vol. 71. No. 1-4. Pp. 93-102.
 Dash, Niladri Sekhar (2011) A Descriptive Study of the Modern Bengali Script. Saarbrucken,
Germany, Lambert Academic Publishing [ISBN: 978-3-8383-4448-5].
 Dash, Niladri Sekhar (2012) “Baidyutin Bangla Abhdhan tairi karar kichu samasya”. Alochana
Chakra. Vol. 32. Pp. 166-178, Baimela Sankhya, 2012.
 Dash, Niladri Sekhar and Pronomita Basu (2012) “Developing Scientific and Technical
Terminology Database from Electronic Language Corpora”. Language Forum. Vol. 38. No. 1.
Pp. 5-21. January-June 2012.
 Dash, Niladri Sekhar, Payel Dutta Chowdhury and Abhisek Sarkar (2011) “Digital Pronunciation
Dictionary for Bengali: A Tool of the Time”. In, Sharma, Dipti Misra, Rajeev Sangal and Sobha
L. (Eds.) Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Natural Language Processing
(ICON-2011), Pp. 117-124, Anna University, Chennai, India, 16th – 19th December 2011.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
41
PRU (Northeast, Ongoing)
Project No. 4.3
1. Title of the Project: Cognitive Processing Through PASS Model and its Role in Determining
Academic Performance of School Students of North- Eastern India.
2. Brief objective and justification: The objective of the project is to find out the role of planning,
attention, simultaneous and successive (PASS) processes of cognitive functioning in determining
academic performance of different groups of school students of North-Eastern India. The study
will help us to know strengths and weaknesses of students in particular area of PASS and its
relation with academic achievement, and on that basis intervention programme like cognitive
enhancement programme (Das, 2004) and / or PASS remedial programme (Das, 1999) can be
introduced to improve performance of students.
3. Date of commencemen: April, 2012
4. Name of the Proposing Scientist: Anjali Ghosh, PRU, ISI.
5. Name of other Associated Scientists with their affiliation:
6. A brief write up on the scope and justification of the project and the proposed work (Not more
than half a page): Planning, attention, simultaneous and successive ( PASS) processes are the
essential elements of cognitive functioning. Through this cognitive assessment system of PASS,
it is possible to know an individual’s cognitive strengths and weaknesses in each of the four
processes of PASS. This emphasis on processes rather than abilities makes it useful for
differential diagnosis like learning difficulties and attention deficit disorder and accordingly,
intervention programme can be introduced to improve performance. Cognitive process based
training such as PASS remedial programme (PREP) and cognitive enhancement training
programme (COGENT) contain several training tasks which are aimed at improving the
information processing strategies and research studies have indicated the effectiveness of the
programme (Das, Mishra & Pool, 1995; Carlson & Das, 1997; Naglieri & Gottling, 1997;
Naglieri & Johnson, 2000).
The study is being conducted in two North-eastern states of India. Two schools (boys & girls)
from one district of each of these selected states were contacted and data were collected on
achievement tests and PASS processes. The second phase of the study will be conducted now. In
the second phase of the study, based on the performance of the students on achievement tests,
nearly 20 low achievers will be identified from each school, and this groups of students will be
divided into two groups : experimental and control. On experimental group the intervention
programme of PREP (Das, 1999) and COGENT (Das, 2004) will be introduced for several
sessions, but the control group will not receive any training. Then after a time gap of 4/5 months
both the groups will be tested again on achievement tests and PASS to find out the effectiveness
of the intervention programme. Data will be analysed by using correlation, regression, ANOVA
and other statistical techniques.
The study will help us to know how PASS cognitive processes are related with academic
performance of the students and how intervention programme help low achievers to improve
their academic performance.
Beneficiaries: Students, parents, teachers, counselors and educational planners.
7. .Item wise break-up of the
justification for the same :
budget ( 2014-15) proposed
(Capital and Revenue) and
Total outlay of the budget for three years: Rs. 9,50,000/-.(2012-13, 2013-14 & 2014-15)
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Social Sciences Division, ISI
42
Budget for 2014- 2015 :
Sr.
No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7.
8.
9.
10.
Item
Amount
(Rs.)
Salary for one Project Linked
Personnel - (one year)
@ Rs.14,000/- per month
Wages to field investigators
Justification
To assist in the project work
1,68,000/10,000/-
Professional services / data entry
/workshop
Travel (airfare to N.E.States)
Transport (Car hire charges)
Boarding /Lodging / Field Trip
Printing, Xerox, Publication
Stores & Stationaries
Telephone, postage, courier etc.
Miscellaneous
Total :
30,000/70,000/15,000/60,000/10,000/2,000/2,000/-
To help while collecting data from the
field
For expert opinion / ideas
For data collection from the field
For printing questionnaires / tests / reports
/ papers etc.
To communicate
institutions
with
schools
/
3,000/3,70,000 -
8. Brief particulars of Assets, proposed to be acquired from capital budget, should be mentioned.
In case of replacement, particulars of the asset to be condemned : N A
9. 9.List of all projects undertaken by the proposing scientist in the last five years :
Sl.
No
1
2
3
4
Project / research
Undertaken
Ego-identity
status
during
Adolescence and Early adulthood.
(2006-08) P.I.
Status
Money
budgeted
Money
spent
Completed
2,39,000/-
2,03,000/-
Improvement upon Management
Entrance Test using Item Response
Theory (IRT). (2006) P.I. With
Prof. A. Chowdhari, Dr. R. Gupta
&Mr. S.K. Mitra. Of ASRC
Emotional Display Rules &
Personality Pattern Across Different
Groups of Individuals. (2008-11)
P.I.
Completed
(Externally
funded)
2,00,000/-
1,67,000/(approx.)
Completed
4,81,000/-
4,35,000/(approx.)
External Evaluation of Special
Adult Literacy Programme of
Tripura (2010-11) – P.I.
Completed
All
the
expenditure
incurred by the
Government of
Tripura
Publications
Report submitted. One
paper published in a journal
& one paper published in
Conference Proceeding.
Report submitted.
Report submitted. Two
papers
presented
in
International Conferences
and one paper published in
an International journal.
Report Submitted
Publications from various projects during 2008 - 2012
 Ghosh, A. - Academic Self-Efficacy and Achievement in a Group of siblings of Primary Schools.
Psychological Studies, 2007, Vol.52, No.4, 364-371.
 Karmakar, R. & Ghosh, A. – Moral Development of Female Students of North-Eastern Region of
India. In Gassah, L.S.(Ed.) Women Empowerment Movement In North-East India. Omsons
Publications, New Delhi, 2008, 228-244.
 Basak, R. & Ghosh, A. – Ego-Identity Status and Its relationship with self-esteem in a Group of
Late Adolescents, Journal of The Indian Academy of Applied Psychology, 2008, 34, 2, 337-344.
 Ghosh,A. – Transactive Memory, Self-Construal and Subjective Well-Being in a Group of Indian
Couples, Interpersona, 2008 ,2 (2) 173-192.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
43
 Karmakar,R.; Ghosh, A. & Dewanji, A.- On Some Determinants For distributive Justice in
Children : A Study Based on Three States of India, Calcutta Statistical Association
Bulletin,2008,60 (239-240),255-275.
 Basak, R. & Ghosh, A. – Relation of Parental Education and Occupation with Mathematics Selfefficacy and Achievement of Students, Journal of Education and Psychological Studies, 2010,
4(1), 1-7.
 Ghosh, A. – Expressive Differences for Emotions In Visually Challenged and Normal
Individuals, International Journal of Arts and Sciences, 2010, 3(15), 255-265.
 Ghosh, A- Ego- identity Status in Different Groups of Late adolescents. In P.Singh, P. Bain,
Chan-Hoong. Leong, G. Misra,& Y. Ohtsubo (Eds.) Identity, Multiculturalism & Changing
Societies, Progress in Asian Social Psychology Series,2011, Vol.8, 95-108, Mac Milan
Publishers.
12. Expected date of completion: March, 2015
13. Quarterly projection of Expenditure during 2013-14
Rev.
40,000
1st
C Total
a
p
40,000
2nd
C Total
a
p
80,000
80,000
Rev.
Rev.
3rd
C
a
p
1,10,000
Total
Rev.
1,10,000
1,10,000
4th
C
a
p
Total
1,10,000
Total
C Total
a
p
3,40,000
3,40,000
Rev.
14. For General Projects only (ongoing) : N.A.
15. For General Projects only (New) : N.A.
16. For North- East Projects only (ongoing):
Proposed budget for Total budget Amount Total
outlay Physical progress in
2013-2014 ( in Lakhs)
allocation till spent till (proposed)
for terms of percentage
31.03.2012
31.03.2012 Twelfth Plan (2012- (%) as on 31.03.2012
2017)
Financial progress
in
terms
of
percentage (%) as
on 31.03.20012
Revenue Capital Total
3.40
3.40
N.A.
N.A.
17. For North- East Projects only ( New ): N.A
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
9.50
N.A.
N.A.
44
Social Sciences Division, ISI
PRU (General, Ongoing)
Project No. 4.4
1. Title of the Project: Differential validity of Computer programming abilities.
1.1 Short term: DVC
2. Brief objective and justification (2 or 3 sentences): Objective of the study is to examine
differential validity of computer programming abilities. Findings will help to (a) validate existing
ability test battery, and to (b) provide knowledge about differential pattern of computer
programming abilities and validity coefficients across demographic variables (sex, region, socioeconomic status). The findings will be used for career counselling and guidance for the students
aspiring computer programming profession.
3. Date of Commencement and end: April, 2012-2015
4. Name of the Proposing Scientist or Principal Investigator : Debdulal Dutta Roy,
Psychology Research Unit, ISI, Kolkata.
5. Name of other associated Scientists with & their affiliation:
 Professor Manjula Mukerjee, Director, Indian Institute of Psychometry.
 Professor Manas Mondal, Director, Defence Institute of Personnel Research, Delhi.
 Dr. Gurpreet Kaur, Scientist, Defence Institute of Personnel Research, Delhi.
6. A brief write up on the scope and justification of the project and the proposed work (not
more than half a page): The most critical question in test validation is test invariance across
different demographic groups (race, ethnicity, sex, socio-economic status). This topic of research
is commonly called differential validity. Differential validity has gained greater prominence
now–a-days as the validity coefficients or the magnitude of correlation coefficients between test
score and the criteria vary with different demographic groups. Current study aims at examining
differential validity of reasoning related computer programming abilities where in the criteria
will be academic achievement as well as programming achievement scores. Programming
abilities will be assessed by modification of some items through existing computer programming
aptitude test battery.
In 2012-2013, items for measuring five computer programming related reasoning abilities
(similarities, anagram, syllogistic reasoning, data sufficiency and coding) were constructed and
psychometric properties of the tests were evaluated. Each subtest is suitable for the students of
grade 8-10. Results show moderate level of item difficulty for lower order reasoning and high
level of item difficulty for higher order reasoning tests. Each subtest has good internal
consistency and the test scores are significantly related with academic achievements. Test
invariance across different demographic conditions was noted.
In 2013-2014, Differential validity of five subtests will be examined through multi stage
stratified random sampling procedure.
7. Method:
Participants: Multi stage stratified random sampling will be followed in sample selection. Data
will be collected from 400 students in computer programming (50 students X 2 achievers (high
and low achievers) X 2 genders (male and female) X 2 regions (urban and semi-urban)).
Measures:
(a) Introductory schedule: It will be used to understand age, sex, educational qualification,
locations, years of experience in computer programming, socio-economic conditions etc.
(b) Computer programming ability test battery: It assesses relatively most important computer
programming abilities.
(c) Standardized ability tests for correlating the ability subtest scores.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
45
(d) Standard computer programming achievement test: This will be developed to control
extraneous factors on achievement test performance.
Statistical Analysis: Relevant multivariate statistics (Principal component analysis,
Correspondence analysis, MANOVA, Multiple regression) will be used to (a) assess latent
structure of programming abilities if the abilities are correlated; (b) determine main and
interaction effect of region, gender and socio economic status on programming abilities and
programming achievement and to (c) determine magnitude of differences in correlation
coefficients between test scores and criteria.
Project Beneficiaries:
 School Education
 School Psychologists
 Computer training institutes
 Career counsellors
 Psychology counsellors
8. Item wise breakup of the budget proposed (Capital & Revenue) and justification for the same
(not more than 1/4 page):
Item
Rs.
1. Remuneration to Project linked personnel @ Rs. 12000 X 12 1,44,000
months.
2. Costs for car hire including local journey for investigators. 50,000
3. Costs for boarding/lodging.
20,000
4. Data scrutiny and entry
20,000
5. Computer consumables, Stationary, Xerox, printing, postal 20,000
charge, telephone charge etc.
6. Project report typing, binding
15,000
7. Miscellaneous
10,000
Total: Two lakhs seventy nine thousand only.
2,79,000
Justification
Assisting in overall
activities.
School sampling. Field
work, library visit.
Data collection from
remote places
It will be entered
through computer.
To print questionnaire
and communication.
Reporting.
Emergency condition in
field work.
9. Brief particulars of Assets, proposed to be acquire from Capital Budget, should
be
mentioned. In case of replacement, particulars of the asset to be condemned (e.g.,
Year of Purchase, Cost) : NA
10. List of all ongoing projects undertaken by the Proposing Scientist in the last 5 years
and for each, give (i) Status Money budgeted, (iii) Money spent, (iv) Publications (if
any). :
Title
Differential Validity of Computer
Programming Abilities (2012-2015)
Status
Ongoing
Money budgeted
1,20,000
Money spent
1,11,148
Publications
0
Workshop on Application of Reliability
statistics in Psychological Research
(2011-2012)
Self-efficacy of Agricultural farmers
(2009-12)
Orientation training on questionnaire
design
for
psychological
and
educational researches (2008-09)
Attitude towards school infrastructure
in rural areas (2007-08)
Completed
80,000
61,675
2
Completed
5,97,000
4,06,086.10
1
Completed
2,15,000
35063
1
Completed
1,17,000
84446.22
1
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Social Sciences Division, ISI
46
11. Expected date of Completion : March, 2015
12. Quarterly projection of Expenditure during 2014-2015:
1st
2nd
Rev.
Cap.
25%
Total
Rev.
25%
25%
3rd
Cap.
Total
Rev.
25%
25%
4th
Cap.
Total
Total
Rev.
Cap.
25%
25%
Total
Rev.
25%
100%
Cap.
Total
100%
13. For General Projects only (On-going):
Proposed budget for 2014- Total budget Amount Total
outlay
15
allocation till spent till (proposed) for
31.03.2013
31.03.2013 Twelfth
Plan
(2012– 2017)
Rev.
Cap.
2,79,000
Physical progress
in
terms
of
percentage (%) as
on 31.03.2013
Financial progress
in
terms
of
percentage (%) as
on 31.03.2013
25%
92.62%
Total
2,79,000 1,20,000
1,11,148
6,70,000
14. For General Projects only (New) : Not Applicable
15. For North-East Projects only (On-going) : Not applicable
16. For North-East Projects only (New) : Not applicable
List of all scientific papers published in journal over the last 5 years (2008-12)
 Dutta Roy, D., Ghosh,S. and Rahman, F.H. (2012).Perceived Environmental Uncertainty in Crop
cultivation in West Bengal: Agro Psychological Counselling Perspective. Indian Journal of
Psychology. Special issue, January, 111-120.
 Dutta Roy,D.(2011).Construct validity of Reading motivation. Journal of the Indian Academy of
Applied Psychology, vol.37,No.1, 106-113.
 Roy,A. and Dutta Roy,D.(2010). Predicting cash flow of Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan in West Bengal :
An exploratory study of public finance. Journal of Management research in Emerging
economics. Vol.1.1. 60-69.
 Dutta Roy,D.(2010).Cluster Analysis for Test-Retest Reliability. International Journal of
Psychological Research , 3,1,132-140. (published from USA)
 Dutta Roy, D. (2009) - Construct validity of writing motivation questionnaire. International
Journal of Psychological Research , 3,2,6-11 (published from USA)
 Dutta Roy,D.(2009). Self-efficacy of Agricultural farmers:A case study. Journal of the Indian
Academy of Applied Psychology, 35, 2, 323-328.
 Dutta Roy, D. (2008). Assessing Validity of Web-Based Computer Adaptive Training Modules,
Journal Of The Indian Academy of Applied Psychology, Vol. 34, No.1, January, 127-136.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
47
PRU (General, Ongoing)
Project No. 4.5
1. Title of the Project: Parenting styles and academic achievement of the school students.
2. Brief objective and justification: Academic achievement of school students depends on a host of
factors including students’ parenting styles. Available questionnaires on parenting styles are
mostly developed in western countries. Need is felt to develop a parenting style questionnaire to
suit the local context.
The objective of the study is to
● develop a parenting style questionnaire in the 1st year considering local situation.
 To find relationship between parenting style and academic achievement (last annual
examination marks) in the 2nd year.
The study will help to inform the teachers and parents in promoting a better
understanding parenting style differences in their students and how do teachers or parents
help students to earn a high/good grade in school.
3. Date of commencement: April, 2013.
4. Name of the proposing scientist: Rumki Gupta, Psychology Research Unit, ISI.
5. Name of other associated scientist with their affiliation: Prof. S. N. Chakrabartty, Ex - Director
(R&D), Indian Maritime University, Kolkata Campus and Professor of Galgotia University,
Noida, Delhi.
6. A brief write up on the scope and justification of the project and the proposed work: Parents
have the main responsibility for socializing their children and thus parents cannot avoid having
an impact on their children's personality and character. This study will discuss the
conceptualization of parenting in a new fashion. Till date we are concerned with the four
different parenting styles defined by Baumrind (1960) and Maccoby and Martin (1983) and the
effects of different parenting styles on children's behavioral adjustment and academic
achievement. Studies regarding above mentioned parenting style were conducted with a sample
from the western countries. On the other hand, very rare studies have been done which showed
the relationship between parenting styles and academic achievement in our country rather in our
state also. Therefore, it is not clear whether such relations would be consistent in our state. So the
current study is being undertaken.
In this connection works will be done in the 1st year:
---- Literature review (Sociological, Anthropological and Psychological aspects) of parenting
style.
---- Exploratory research will be undertaken through open ended questions to be administered
among the parents primarily to identify relevant factors of parenting style.
---- to explore the possibility of variation of such factors in terms of number and intensity, the
questionnaire for exploratory research will be different for male child and female child. It is
proposed to administer the questionnaire to both the parents. Separate questionnaire will
also be prepared for administration to the children to elicit children’s view about relevant
factors like parental authority, disciplinary practices, permissiveness, authoritative /flexible
etc. Three questionnaires(two parents and one for children) will be
administered/interviewed to a small sample of parents and children in one rural area and in
one urban area.
---- Content analysis will be undertaken to identify the factors of parenting style and their
relative importance considering both point of views of parents and children.
Based on the above, a parenting style questionnaire will be developed with
Likert type items to suit the local condition.
----- The items chosen (approximately 30 items) will be distributed to a group of experts
requesting them to
● indicate their preference for each pair of items (total nc2 no. of pairs in case of n items).
● suggest changes in wording of items, if any
----- based on the responses from the experts paired comparison test will be used to find scale
value of each finally selected items. These scale values will be used subsequently for
scoring parenting style questionnaire.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Social Sciences Division, ISI
48
----- Reliability of Parenting style questionnaire will be measured through split half reliability or
Chronbach α
----- Validity through suitable method
In the 2nd year impact of parenting style on academic achievement will be observed.
The objective of the study in the 2nd year is to see the impact of students parenting
style on academic achievement.
The study will help to inform the teachers and parents in promoting a better
understanding personal and learning style differences in their students (Horton and Oakland,
1996) and how do teachers or parents help students to earn a high/good grade in school.
Sample: In the 1st year exploratory research will be done covering about 30 families. Around 25
experts will be selected to whom items will be given for their opinion. In the 2 nd year the study
will be conducted on about 320 class VIII students selected from two districts in West Bengal.
Multistage simple random sampling scheme without replacement (SRSWOR) method will be
followed in this study. In the first stage out of 19 districts, 2 districts will be chosen. In the next
stage, two regions i. e., rural and urban will be selected from each of the chosen districts. In the
next stage, four schools (2 boys and 2 girls) from each of the selected regions will be chosen by
SRSWOR. Finally, 20 students (chosen by SRSWOR) studying in class VIII from each of the
selected schools will be selected for this study.
Instruments: Few scales and inventories to be reviewed to find suitable instruments to measure

Parenting style questionnaire (through suitable questionnaire which will be developed in the
1st year of the project duration)
 Academic Achievement – Annual examination marks obtained by the students in Bengali,
English, Mathematics and Science).
 Biographical questionnaire
After collecting data appropriate analysis will be undertaken.
Beneficiaries: Students, teachers and parents
References:
 Baumrind, D. (1966). Effects of authoritative parental control on child behavior. Child
Development. 37. 887-907.
 Dishion, T. J. (1990). The family ecology of boys' peer relations in middle childhood. Child
Development. 61. 874-892.
 Maccoby, E. E., & Martin, J. A. (1983). Sociahzation in the context of the family: Parent child
interaction. In P. H. Mussen (Series Ed.) & E. M. Hetherington (Vol. Ed.), Handbook of child
psvcholo^- Vol. 4. Socialization, personality, and social development (pp. 1-101). New York:
Wiley.
7. Item wise break-up of the budget proposed (2014-15) and justification for the same :
Total outlay for the project for two years: Rs. 6.15 lakhs (2014-15)
Budget for 2014-15
Sr.
No
1
2
3
Item
Amount
(Rs.)
Justification
Salary for one Project
Linked Person for 12
months @ Rs.14.000/-per
month
Professional
Services/Workshop
Travel in & around
Kolkata, different districts
of West Bengal and Noida,
Delhi
1,68,000.00
To perform various types of works of the
project, one project Assistant is required
20,000.00
For opinion from the specialized person
40,000.00
In and around Kolkata, Different districts in
West Bengal and visit to Galgotia University,
Noida, Delhi, to discuss the project with
Prof. S.N.Chakrabartty,Associated Scientist
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
49
4
Transport
24,000.00
5
20,000.00
30,000.00
Required for project work.
7
Boarding / Lodging / Field
Trip
Procurement
of
Psychological Test/Scale
Printing, Xerox, publication
Charges for Car hire, bus, auto, rickshaw etc.
in Kolkata and outside Kolkata
For outside Kolkata
15,000.00
8
Stores and Stationary
1,000.00
For Printing of schedules, papers , reports
etc.
For handling and keeping the records.
9
Telephone and postage
1,000.00
10
Miscellaneous
1,000.00
6
Total :
3,20,000.00
For communication with school authorities,
school education board etc.
Unforeseen
This amount will be increased due to 20%
increment towards price escalation
8. Brief particulars of Assets, proposed to be acquired from capital budget, should be mentioned.
In case of replacement, particulars of the asset to be condemned : Nil
9. List of all ongoing projects undertaken by the proposing scientist in the last 5 years:
Sr
No
1
2
3
Name of the project
Self assessment and its
relationship
with
academic achievement
and
achievement
motivation
among
Secondary level School
Students(2007-09)
Bullying in school and
its effect on the
behavioural aspects of
the school students
(2009-11)
Personality
profile,
stress
and
job
satisfaction of Indian
sea farers (2011-13)
Status
Money
budgeted (Rs.)
Money
spent (Rs.)
Completed
2,25,000/-
1,73,000/(approx.)
Completed
2,92,000/-
2,80,000/(approx.)
Completed
4,10,000/-
3,09,890/(approx.)
publications
Project report submitted.
One paper has been
published as a book
chapter and two papers
have been published in
Journal. One paper sent
for
publication.
One
lecture
delivered
in
Budapest, Hungary
Project Report submitted.
Two papers presented in
National conference and
one paper published in
conference proceeding.
One paper sent for
publication in journal.
Publications from various projects during 2008-12
 Gupta Rumki and Panja Sanghamitra (2008-2009) - Gender and Religion Bias on the Academic
Achievement of the students of Class X Level, Journal of Education and Psychology, 65, 1- 4, 17 29.
 Gupta Rumki (2010) - Empowerment and Gender Difference in Education Status. Delhi Business
Review, 11, 1, 55 - 60.
 Gupta Rumki (2010) - Opinion Survey on Curriculum, Performance in Madhyamik Vis-à-vis Higher
Secondary Level. Gorakhpur Social Scientist, 1, 2, 20 - 28.
 Gupta Rumki and Dhara Jayeta (2010) - Dimensions of Self-Concept: A Factor Analytic Study.
Indian Journal of Social Science Researches, 7, 2, 92-99.
 Gupta Rumki and Dhara Jayeta (2011) – Nature of Involvement of Self-concept, Academic
Achievement and Achievement Motivation of Girls in Comparison to Boys in Urban West Bengal.
Gender Deprivation and Empowerment of Women an Indian Perspective: Concepts, Issues and
Challenges, Utpal Kumar De and Bhola Nath Ghosh (Eds.). LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing
GmbH & Co. KG, Saarbrucken, Deutschland, Germany.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Social Sciences Division, ISI
50
 Gupta Rumki (2012) - Gender Disparity in Madhyamik Examination Result. Gender Issues and
Empowerment of Women, Manoranjan Pal, Prasanta Pathak, Premananda Bharati, Bholanath Ghosh
and Amita Majumder (Eds.). Nova Science Publishers, Inc. New York 246 - 256.
 Gupta Rumki and Dhara Jayeta (2012) - Fluctuation of Reliability with change of Response
Categories in A Questionnaire, Proceedings of the National Conference on Psychological
Measurement: Strategies For The New Millennium, Suhas Shetgovekar (Ed.), Discipline of
Psychology, School of Social Science, IGNOU, New Delhi, 126 - 132.
10. Expected date of completion: March, 2015
11. Quarterly projection of expenditure during 2014-15:
1st
Rev.
C
75,000
2nd
Total
Rev.
C
3rd
Total
Rev.
4th
C Total
Rev.
C Total
Total
Rev.
C
a
a
a
a
a
p
p
p
p
p
-
75,000
85,000
-
85,000
1,000,00
- 1,000,00
60,000
- 60,000
3,20,000
-
Total
3,20,000
12. For General Projects Only (Ongoing)
Proposed budget for
2014-15
Rev.
3.20
13 – 15.
Cap.
-
Total
3.20
Total
budget
allocation
till
31.03.13
Amount
spent
till 31.03.13
Total outlay
(proposed) for
Twelfth Plan
(2012-17)
Physical
progress in
terms of
percentage
(%) as on
31.03.13
Financial progress in
terms of percentage
(%) as on 31.03.13
NA
NA
6.15
-
-
N.A
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
51
SRU (General, On-going)
Project No. 5.1
1. Title of the Project: Data Gap in Gender Statistics: Women in Mining Industry
2. Brief objective and justification: Data on number of miners in India is collected by Annual
Survey of Industries, Director General of Mines Safety, and Indian Bureau of Mines based
on returns submitted by the mining companies (both public and private). On the other hand,
based on household data number of miners is also available from population censuses and
National Sample Survey Organisation’s (NSSO) employment-unemployment surveys.
Amongst these agencies, Indian Bureau of Mines does not provide male female distribution
of miners. The purpose of this project is to evaluate gender gap in official statistics relating
to the number of miners and their wages in India.
3. Date of commencement: April 2012.
4. Name of the proposing scientist or principal investigator: Molly Chattopadhyay
5. Name of other associated scientists with their affiliation. Prof. Madhura Swaminathan,
EAU, ISI, Bangalore; Sonali Chakraborty, Associate Scientist ‘A’, SRU, ISI, Kolkata
6. A brief write up on the scope and justification of the project and the proposed work:
Mineral wealth and its exploitation have substantially contributed to the growth of Indian
national economy. Mineral production has increased from 42 million ton in 1951 to 1078.19
million ton in 2008 (DGMS, 2010). Despite the increase in mineral production, there are
discrepancies in the number of mines and employment data. While Indian Bureau of Mines
report number of operating mines as 2928 in 2010-11, DGMS reports it as 2557 and
Mininstry of Mines reports it as 2628 for the same period. Ministry of Labour portrays the
number of miners as 82 thousand (2009-10), DGMS shows 575 thousand, and Indian Bureau
of Mines shows the number of miners as 521 thousand. Whereas as per Census, number of
miners in India is 1711 thousands in 2011, an increase by 50% from 1137 thousands in 1991.
But NSSO shows that there is increase by 26% in the number of miners from 1999-2000 to
2009-10. However, there is not much recorded involvement of women’s participation in the
formal mining industry in India. As per Director General of Mines Safety (2010), male
workers comprise 95% of total workers as against 5% of female workers. On the contrary,
census of India (2011) reveals that there are 81% male workers and 19% female workers in
mining and quarrying sector. While DGMS, ASI, NSSO provide male-female distribution of
workers, IBM does not provide the break-up. The proposed project seeks to address the
degree of differences in the data collected by different agencies. Secondly, the project tries to
find out gender gap in baseline statistics in the mining sector. Lastly, the project intends to
make gender statistics related to an approximation of employment size and wage pattern in
the mining sector.
7. Item wise break-up of the budget proposed (2012-15) and justification for the same:
Sr.
no.
1
2
Item
Amount
Capital
1.Two field investigators
@ Rs.400/-per day one
year
0.00
2,40,000
3
One project personnel @
Rs.5000/- for 6 months
Purchase of data and
reports
Travel
30,000
For data entry
50,000
Procurement of official statistics
1,1 5,000
Collection of data from different parts of India
including field visits and attending seminars,
conference related to the project
Printing, photocopying &
publications
Contingency
Total
25,000
4
5
6
7
8
30,000
4,90,000
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Justification
1.To collect official statistics from different
Mining Offices
Social Sciences Division, ISI
52
8. Brief Particular of Assets, proposed to be acquired from capital budget, should be
mentioned in case of replacement, particulars of asset to be condemned: N.A.
9. List of all ongoing projects undertaken by the proposing scientist in the last 5 years: N.A.
10. Expected date of completion: March, 2015
11. Quarterly projection of expenditure during 2014-15:
1st
2nd
Rev.
Cap.
Total
40,000
Rev.
3rd
Cap.
50,000
Total
Rev.
4th
Cap.
60,000
Total
Rev.
Total
Cap.
1,00,000
Total
Rev.
Cap.
Total
2,50,000
12. For General Projects Only (ongoing)
Proposed Budget
For 2014-15
Rev. Cap.
2,50,000
13.
14.
15.
16.
Total Budget
allocation till
31.3.13
Amount spent
till 31.3.13
Total outlay
proposed for
twelfth plan
2012-17
Physical
progress in
terms of % as
on 31.3.13
Financial
progress
in terms of %
as
on 31.3.13
Total
For general projects only (new)
For North-east projects only (on-going)
For North-east projects only (new)
Ranks to be given by the division
List of important Scientific Papers published in Journal over the last Five years Publications (20082013)
 Chattopadhyay, Molly, Sonali Chakraborty and Richard Anker. “Sex Segregation in India’s
Formal Manufacturing Sector”, International Labour Review. Vol. 152/1, March 2013, Pp: 4358.
 Chattopadhyay, Molly: “Women Workers in the Mica Industry: A case study”, Indian Journal of
Gender Studies, October 2011, 18:311-340 (Sage publications).
 Chattopadhyay, Molly & Sonali Chakraborty: “Liberalization and Segregation: Changes in the
Pattern of Segregation in the Factory Sector from 1989-90 to 2000-01”, Crossing the Borders,
Vol.2, 2009, Pp. 91-98.
 Chattopadhyay, Molly: Women Workers in Mica-Manufacturing Industry of Giridih, Jharkhand.
In Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining in Asia-Pacific Case Study Series, Case study No. 2. edited
by Joel Katz. 2007. Website http://www.asmasiapacific.org/ asm_case.php
 Chattopadhyay, Molly: “Sub-Contracting System and Women Workers: A Study of Mica
Manufacturing Industry of Jharkhand”, Sociological Bulletin. Vol.56, No. 2, May-August 2007,
Pp. 289-307.
Conference: Chattopadhyay, Molly: paper presented on “Women Miners of India: Gender Wage
Gap” in the session ‘Women, Poverty and the Struggle for Survival’, RC32 Research Committee
Women in Society, Second Forum of Sociology, International Sociological Association held in
Buenos Aires, Argentina 1st to 4th August 2012.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
53
SRU (General, On-going)
Project No. 5.2
1. Title of the project: Migration, social network and their impact on the rural households of
Jharkhand.
2. Brief objective and justification: It has been observed in various studies that migration has
brought both positive and negative impacts on the socio-economic conditions in the village
scenario. In one hand, migration helps (i) to increase the standard of living of the migrants, (ii)
to generate the possibility of investments and savings, and (iii) to slacken the power grasped
by the upper-caste land-owners (Choudhuri, Bandyopadhyay and Jana, 2006). On the other
hand, (i) the income from migration may not be sufficient to balance the excessive expenditure
in market products newly adopted through migration, like introducing of catering and
decoration in festivals, use of luxurious goods, etc. (Choudhuri, Bandyopadhyay and Jana,
2006); (ii) at peak period of cultivation, there is a shortage of labour due to out-migration and,
as a result, it creates negative labour impact on production (Taylor and Dyer, 2006); and (iii)
migration contributes to increase in the incidence and spread of different contagious diseases.
There are broadly two kinds of migration, like permanent and temporal. The present study will
cover seasonal and other temporal out-migration from the rural Jharkhand.
A social network is defined as an articulation of ties of a social relationship among
social units, like persons, households, organizations etc. which are called actors and the ties
are links between the actors. Different types of social relations identify different social
networks, even when imposed on the same set of social units. It may be cited examples on
social networks like friendship network, kinship network, marriage network, etc, (Moreno
1934, 1956; Barry Wellman 1997; Rao 1995). In a society, there exists, no doubt, involuntary
ties of relationship as for example, relationship by kinship, caste and religious or community
affiliation. But ties are also established voluntarily, and they may be identified empirically,
such as, ties of friendship or individuals spending leisure time together, making social visits,
attending invitations on the occasion of a family ceremony or household festival, extending
help and support to a household at the time of an urgent need, etc. (Bandyopadhyay, Rao and
Sinha, 2010). The present study will be opened to cover the both types of ties among the
households in a village so that it can be studied which type of ties facilitate what type of
migration and vice-versa. Caste-based relations help in migration of migrants (De Hann, 2003)
and flow of migration is occurred through household level networks (Palloni et al., 2001). Rao
and Bandyopadhyay (1987) have studied the impact of migration on reciprocity of a village
social network. Besides migration through the networks of kinship, community affiliation and
friendship, migration may occur through other intermediaries having self-sustaining structures
largely created by migration processes themselves. These are travel agents, lawyers, bankers,
labour recruiters, brokers, interpreters, housing agents as well as human smugglers and
traffickers (Castles 2004). All these agents have an interest in continuing migration, and for
many facilitating aspects migration is a major business (Salt and Stein 1997).
In the context of seasonal and other temporal out migration in rural Jharkhand, the
proposed research project attempts
(i) to investigate how the migratory channel is opened, and how social
network and migration are affected by each other and
(ii) to study the positive and negative impacts of migration on the households
and the pattern of relational ties among them.
3. Date of commencement: 1April, 2013
4. Name of the Principal Investigator: Dr. Rabindranath Jana, SRU, Kolkata
5. Name of other associated Scientists:
Prof. Debapriya Sengupta (ASU), Dr. Anil Kumar Chaudhuri (SRU, Giridih),
Dr. Tirthankar Ghosh (SRU), Shri Dipankar Sen (SRU), Shri Kamalaksha Das (SRU).
In addition, Dr. Prabir Ghosh Dostidar (Scientist / Director, Ministry of Earth Sciences,
Govt. of India, New Delhi) and Dr. R. Maruthakutti (Associate Professor,
Department of Sociology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli,
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
54
Social Sciences Division, ISI
Tamil Nadu) have kindly agreed to give their expertise in the project context
as and when required.
6. Scope, justification and proposed work:
Scope and Justification:
There are several studies on migration in the literature. Caste identity plays an important
role in the personal ties that mediate the migration of the migrants (De Haan, 2003). Family ties
and networks have a positive impact on the flows of migration (Palloni et al., 2001; Ma, 2002;
Poros, 2001). Social and cultural changes of the migrant families are observed in anthropological
studies on migration (Watkins, 2003; Choudhuri, 1992, 2002; Rogaly, 2003 on West Bengal;
Kabki and Appiah, 2003 on rural families of Holland-based migrants in Ashanti Region of ghara).
Migration can play innovative roles in introducing new method of cultivation, such as double
cropping (De Haan, 2001). The migration outcomes help to improve education and health care (de
Haan, 2000; Skeldon, 1997; Rogaly, 2003). De Neve (2003) and De Haan(2003) have observed
that migration may help to change the occupation of the migrants. There are several studies on
negative impact of migration on households with respect to different dimensions like incurring
excessive expenditure to household budget (Choudhuri, Bandyopadhyay and Jana, 2006); facing
labour shortage at peak period of cultivation (Taylor and Dyer, 2006); increasing incidence and
spread of different contagious diseases; and so on.
Here, in case of rural Jharkhand, the present study will lead to investigate (i) how social
network and migration facilitate each other; (ii) how groups are formed among the migrants and
whether there is any link between the groups; (iii) to what extent migration has created extra
income and how it is invested in agriculture, health care of the family members and education for
the children; and (iv) how new social/cultural ideas are adopted through migration and whether they
are diffused through social network to some extent (Jana, 2011).
From the above study, it would be known how social networks contribute to generate
migration in rural Jharkhand. Also, it would be focused how and to what extent the migration helps
to change the village scenario with respect to socio-cultural as well as agro-economic aspects. As a
result, the present conditions of rural Jharkhand will be reflected to some extent. Besides, the study
has an interdisciplinary relevance in the sense that it comprises the disciplines statistics,
mathematics and sociology and across these disciplines, the study may also explore possible areas
for further research.
Methodology:
It has been observed earlier that the district of Giridih in Jharkhand suffers from economic
deterioration. Also, in 1960, Indian statistical Institute undertook an in-depth study on social
transformation in the villages within 20 mile radial distance around the town of Giridih as the nodal
centre, which may help in our proposed study (Bandyopadhyay et al. 1997). Because of these
backdrops, the district of Giridih has been chosen for our study. In this district, the blocks Giridih
and Bengabad are mainly based on agriculture and are less politically disturbed compared to the
other blocks. In addition, during the earlier study by Choudhuri, Bandyopadhyay and Jana (2006),
some extent of rapport has already been built up in the two blocks. That is why, Giridih and
Bengabad blocks are selected for our study. Two villages from each selected block will be selected
on the basis of the following features: (i) size of each village would be around 250 households of
multi-castes having agriculture as principal source of livelihood; and (ii) there will have larger
number of migrant households to be collected from the local resources.
Since, in addition to relevant composite variables, social network data are also needed for
the present study, a complete enumeration method will be adopted here for household level study
from each selected village. There will have two phases of data collection. In the first phase,
household listing with basic information and collection of relevant village level information (like
migration history, transport communication, etc.) from knowledgeable persons will be made for
each selected village. In the second phase, main data through questionnaire schedule will be
collected from all households of each selected village and the respondent will be the most
knowledgeable person/s of the household (Bandyopadhyay, Rao and Sinha, 2010; NSSO Report64th Round; Hutman 2007; Carleto and Brauw 2009).
The schedule consists of the following information: (i). Demographic aspects of the family;
(ii) Occupation pattern of the family; (iii) Level of literacy; (iv) Landholding pattern; (v)
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
55
Agricultural practice and irrigation system; (vi) Total man-days of work done in the villages; (vii)
why, when, how, and where the member of the family has migrated out from the village during the
last year ?; (viii) what is the nature of his work, the duration of work, the amount of earnings etc.;
(ix) remittances received during the last year and nature of its uses; (x) (for measuring impact of
migration as per households’ perception) ‘before and after migration’ information on poverty (and
financial assets), housing, health, education, etc. to be collected by recall method (Hutman 2007;
Casale and Posel 2006); (xi) who approaches whom for getting help at any crisis during last 5 yrs.?
(Rao and Bandyopadhyay, 1987), how many times in which year ?, what relation to whom?, what
purposes served?, etc. and so on. It is mentioned that few information items will not be applicable
to the non-migrant households. We would also gather relevant information through group
discussion.
First of all, both the qualitative and quantitative data, thus collected, will be converted into
electronic version. Then both qualitative and quantitative (statistical and graph theoretic techniques)
approaches will be undertaken to analyse the collected data for understanding the impact of
migration on the different socio-economic and cultural aspects (e.g., poverty, health, education etc.)
on the basis of relevant collected information before and after migration as per households’
perception; relation between the patterns of migration and social network characteristics (e.g.,
reciprocity, reachability, fragmentation, hierarchiness, assortativity) by using the correlation and
regression analysis techniques; and so on.
Plan of work:
In first year, the following works (i) literature review; (ii) collection of relevant official data
from local sources; (iii) relevant village level information; (iv) village selection; (v) listing of
households of each selected village with basic information; and (vi) preparation of main
questionnaire schedule and its testing will be done and in second year, (i) data collection on main
questionnaire schedule and group discussion; (ii) scrutiny of data and data computerisation; and (iii)
analysis and report writing will be completed.
7. Item wise break up of the budget proposed (only Revenue):
Financial requirement: Grand Total Outlay
: Rs. 4,20,000.00
b) Proposed budget for 2013-2014 : Total outlay
: Rs. 1,85,000.00
Revenue expenditure: i) TA, DA & local hired transport :
Rs. 90,000.00*
for field visits and different offic
ii) Local field Investigators
: Rs. 40,000.00*
(4 persons x 2 months
x Rs. 5000.00 = Rs.40,000.00)
iii) Data entry
:
Rs. 15,000.00
iv) Contingency (Stationary, printing,
: Rs. 40,000.00
Xerox, computer consumables,
books, journals, etc)
Total
: Rs.1,85,000.00
Capital expenditure
: Nil
b) Proposed budget for: 2014-2015: Total outlay
: Rs. 2,25,000.00
Revenue expenditure: i) TA, DA & local hired transport
: Rs.1,00,000.00*
for field visits and different offices
ii) Local field Investigators
: Rs. 60,000.00*
(4 persons x 3 months
x Rs. 5000.00 = Rs.60,000.00)
iii) Data entry
:
Rs. 25,000.00
iv) Contingency (Stationary, printing,
:
Rs. 50,000.00
Xerox, computer consumables,
books, journals, etc)
Total
: Rs.2,35,000.00
Capital expenditure
: Nil
Grand Total
: Rs. 4,20,000.00
Revenue expenditure for 2013-2014
: Rs. 1,85,000.00
Revenue expenditure for 2014-2015
: Rs. 2,35,000.00
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Social Sciences Division, ISI
56
[* Out of the total budget, the maximum is incurred in connection with field works due to the
following reasons (i) remoteness of the selected villages; (ii) poor communication system and
transportation problems; and (iii) existence of political disturbance (though comparatively less).]
8. Assets: None
9. Projects in last five years: Not applicable
10. Expected date of completion: 31 March, 2015
11. Quarterly projection of expenditure during 2014-2015:
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
Year
Rev.
Total
Rev.
Total
Rev.
Total
Rev.
Total
Rev.
Total
50000/- 50000/- 80000/- 80000/- 60000/- 60000/- 45000/- 45000/- 235000/- 235000/12. For general projects only (on-going):
13. For general projects only (New): Not applicable
14. For North-East project only (on-going): Not applicable
15. For North-East project only (New): Not applicable
Research contributions of Dr. R. Jana in the field
Published /Accepted/Submitted
 R. JANA (2012). Lecture Note On Social Networks: formation, data and few analytic
techniques. In the ‘Workshop on Social Networks’, jointly organized by Institute of
Mathematical Sciences, Chennai and Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, during 20-24
February, 2012. website DOI:
 http://www.imsc.res.in/~sitabhra/meetings/socialnetwork0212/talks/Rabindranath_Jana.pdf
 R. JANA (2011). Importance of weighted social networks in diffusion of agricultural
innovations: An empirical study. Sociology in the 21st century: The first decade. A book on
Proceedings of the UGC Sponsored National Level Conference held on December 2010.
Published by Barrackpore Rastraguru Surendranath College and Sociological Association of
West Bengal, Barrackpore 2011, pp. 93-101, ISBN: 978-81-921808-1-6.
 R. JANA. (2011). Means and variances of some statistics in simple social network with given
out-degrees. Calcutta Statistical Association Bulletin, Vol.63 (Special 7-th Triennial Proceedings
Volume), 2011(December), Nos. 249-252, pp. 359-369.
 R. JANA, Suraj Bandyopadhyay and Anil Choudhuri. Reciprocity among farmers in farming
system research: Application of social network analysis, Journal of Human Ecology, 41(1): 4551 (January, 2013).
 R. JANA and Anil Choudhuri. Studying various aspects of social networks with socio-economic
changes in a rural area: A case study from West Bengal, Guru Nanak Journal of Sociology,
Accepted for publication in 2013 issue of the Journal.
 R. JANA and S.B. Bagchi. Distributional aspects of some statistics in weighted social networks.
Proposed budget for 2014-15
Revenue
235000/-
Capital
-
Total
235000/-
Total budget
allocation till
31.03.2013
Not applicable
Amount spent
till 31.03.2013
Not applicable
Total outlay
(proposed)
for
Twelfth
Plan
(2012 -2017)
420000/-
Physical
progress in
terms of
percentage
(%) as on
31.03.2013
Not applicable
Financial
progress in
terms of
percentage
(%) as on
31.03.2013
Not
applicable
Submitted to a reputed journal in December 2012.
 A.R. Rao, R. JANA and Suraj Bandyopadhyay (1996). A Markov chain Monte Carlo Method for
generating random (0-1) matrices with given marginals. Sankhy a , 1996, Vol. 58, Series A, Pt. 2,
pp. 225-242.
Paper presented in Conference / Seminar and Technical Report
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD





57
R. JANA, and Anil K. Choudhuri (2012). “Statistical and graph-theoretic approach to use social
networks for studying social transformation: An attempt”, presented in ‘National Conference on
Applications of Statistics in Industry and Planning’, organized by Department of Statistics of
Visva-Bharati in collaboration with Calcutta Statistical Association during 25-27 February, 2012.
R. JANA, Suraj Bandyopadhyay and S.B. Bagchi (2009). “Distributional aspects of some
statistics in weighted social networks”, presented in International Conference on Social Network
Analysis, organized by NISTADS, New Delhi, 28-29 January, 2009.
Anil Kumar Choudhuri, Suraj Bandyopadhyay and R. JANA (2006). Caste, Class and Social
Support: A Social Network Analysis on six villages of Jharkhand − Rarh region. A technical
report on projects (i) Pattern of Social Relations: An Exploratory Social Network Analysis in two
villages in Jharkhand, and (ii) Study of Social Network in some villages in Giridih area in
Jharkhand and Md. Bazar area of West Bengal. Submitted to SRU, ISI, 2006.
A.R. Rao, Suraj Bandyopadhyay, Bikas K. Sinha, Aditya Bagchi, R. JANA, D. Sen and A.K.
Choudhuri (1998). “Changing social relations : social network approach”, presented in SURDAC
Seminar, organized by Indian Statistical Institute, 1998.
R. JANA, A. R. Rao and Suraj Bandyopadhyay (1994). Switching pairs and determining arcs in
a network with given out-degrees and in-degrees. A technical report No. 14/94, dated 31.3.94,
Statistics-Mathematics Unit, ISI, Calcutta.
Lectures delivered in the workshop
R. JANA. Delivered two invited lectures (i) Introduction to Social Network Analysis, and (ii)
SNA Approach to Empirical Data, in the Workshop on Recent Advancements in Social Science
Research Methodology, organized by Dept. of Sociology, M S University, Tamil Nadu, in
collaboration with CDC of the University during Feb. 26-28, 2013.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
58
Social Sciences Division, ISI
SRU (General, On-going)
Project No. 5.3
1. Title of the Project: A micro level study of television (TV) watching and childhood obesity in
Kolkata city of West Bengal, India
2. Brief objective and justification: The main objectives of the study (i) to estimate the prevalence
of overweight and obesity among children aged 6-10 years, (ii) to see the relationship of obesity
with socio-demographic variables and finally, (iv) to understand, how far TV watching
associated with childhood obesity after controlling other confounding factors like food habit of
children.
In America, this type of study is very common but it is very emerging problem in urban Indian
children and study is very few. Therefore, it is noteworthy to study television (TV) watching and
childhood obesity in an urban centre like Kolkata.
3. Date of commencement: April, 2013
4. Name of the proposing scientist or: Dr. Susmita Bharati, Principal investigator
5. Name of other associated scientists with their affiliation: Professor Manoranjan Pal,
6. Professor Premananda Bharati and Suparna Shome.
7. A brief write up on the scope and justification of the project and the proposed work:
The term ‘overweight’ and ‘obese’ has a great importance in public health community. It is
debatable whether obesity is a condition or a disease. It is an etiology i.e. an imbalance between
energy intake and expenditure and is responsible for many diseases like Type-2 diabetes,
hypertension, respiratory ailments, orthopedic problem, trouble in sleeping and depression
(Styne, 2001). In recent years, this obesity is dramatically increasing throughout the world both
in developed and developing countries. Among children, 22 million under-five aged children are
obese (WHO, 2005). It is estimated that overweight and obesity for school-aged children in the
year 2010 is, 1 in 5 urban china, 46 % in the Americas, 41 % in the Eastern Mediterranean
region, 38 % in the European region, 27 % in western pacific region and 22 % in South-East Asia
(Wang et al. 2006). In India, the prevalence of obesity has increased 54 % among 6-11 years old
children (Suresh et al. 2011). This current epidemiocity of obesity among children is largely
resulting of rapid changes due to socio-economic and nutrition transition due to globalization.
Like any other influence on children obesity, it is seen that childhood obesity has increased
dramatically, when there occurs a great explosion of media like Television and Video watching,
Video games, computer activities and internet web sites because TV has emerged as the primary
vehicles for delivering commercial messages to children.
Relationship between children’s media consumption with their obesity has been first evidenced
by William et al. during 1985. They studied on 13,000 children through National Health
Examination Survey (NHES) and found significant association between the amount of time
children spent watching TV and the prevalence of obesity and shows that among 12-17 years old
children, the prevalence of obesity increased by 2% by increasing of an addition hour of TV
view. It is also studied that 29% of the cases of obesity could be prevented by reducing TV
viewing from 0 to 1 hours per week (William et al. 1993). Another national level study on 700
kids of 10-15 years shows that overweight is 4.6 times more among those children who are
watching TV more than 5 hours per day compared with those watching for 0-1 hours (Gortmaker
et al. 1996). Similar findings have seen through another NHANES findings among 8-16 years old
(Anderson et al. 1998). There is also gender biased co-relation with TV watching studied by
Crespo et al. 2001 as they found that TV watching is positively associated with obesity among
girls though not found any correlation with boys.
One of the causes of increased obesity among TV addicted children may be changing food habit
due to influence of TV Advertisement (Ad). It is estimated that typical child sees about 40,000
Ads per year on TV alone. It is also seen that those children who watch TV more have more
tendency to eat more snacks and also other unhealthy food like candy, soda instead of homemade
food while sitting for watching TV. It is also evident that middle school children who watched
TV more are more tended to drink soft drinks (Giammattei et al. 2003). It is evidenced by WHO
(2003) that each glass of sugar –sweetened beverage consumption increases the risk of obesity in
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
59
children by 60 %. It is also found that there is a negative relationship between having of more
fruits and vegetables with TV watching. Very recently, the Ad is promoting thin body types as
the ideal, possibly encouraging to teen girls to engage in unhealthy dieting or eating disorders.
The physiological process of increasing obesity due to more TV watching is that during TV
watching, it reduced children’s metabolic rate which contribute to weight gain because it was
studied that TV watching decreased metabolic rate even more than resting or sleeping. But it is
fact that most of the studies have failed to find a substantial relationship between the time
children spend for watching TV and the time they spend in physical activity may suggest that the
nature of TV watching i.e. how children watch and what they watch may be also more important
than the number of hours they watch. In this context, the relationship between TV watching and
childhood obesity are very sensitive issue in very recent period. As TV watching is more
prevalent in urban setting therefore the study is necessary to estimate the overall prevalence of
overweight and obesity among urban 6-10 years children like in Kolkata (West Bengal) to see
the difference of impact of socio-economy and TV watching on childhood obesity and how far
the food habit is changing with TV advertisement.
Methodology
Study Design and Sample Size
This will be a micro level cross-sectional study using multistage stratified cluster sampling
procedure. Two types of school (government or semi-government and private) will be selected
for the socio-economic differences. It will be assumed that government or semi-government
schools cater to lower to middle sections of the population, whereas children from upper middle
and high income groups attend private schools.
The subjects will be the children aged 6 to 10 years, who are generally studying in class I to IV
at the Kolkata city of West Bengal. The household socioeconomic and demographic data such
as community, literacy status, and occupation of father and mother will be collected from the
students, and the same was confirmed with school records and also their respective parents.
The date of birth of each pupil will be taken from the school records and cross checked from
their respective parents or guardian.
Information on the whole day activities of the last three days will be collected as well as food
habit of three days will be collected from the student or from their respective parent by re-call
methods. Information also will be collected about distance of school from the residence and the
mode of transport used to go to school. Besides this, height and weight of the children as well
their mother will be taken to see the heriditary of obesity through anthropometric rod and
weighing mechine. Duration of TV watching will be collected indirectly from whole day activity
and nature of TV watching also will be collected as an accessaories of TV watching.
Statistical Analysis
Descriptive analysis will be done for the health, nutrition, duration of TV watching and socioeconomic parameters. Contingency χ2 test will be used to understand association between health
and nutritional parameters and socio-economic variables with duration of TV watching. Linear
and logistic multiple regressions will be performed to identify the significant factors associated
with overweight and obesity. Age will be adjusted as and when necessary.
Reference:
 1. Styne, DM. 2001. Childhood and adolescent obesity: Prevalence and significance.
Pediatric clinics of North America. 48: 823-854.
 2. World Health Organization (WHO). 2005. Preventing chronic diseases: A vital investment.
WHO Global Report, Geneva: http:// w.w.w. who.int/chap/chronic-disease-report/en/
 Wang, Y and Lobstein, T. 2006. Worldwide trends in childhood overweight and obesity. Int. J..
Pediatr obese. 1: 11-25.
 4. Suresh, V; Rupnath, K; amesh, V; Rajarani, M; Ramadevi, T and Sambasivarao, KRS. 2011.
Television watching and sleep promotes obesity inurban and semi-urban children in India.
Journal of Toxicology and environmental health sciences. 31:
001-007.
 Dietz, W and Gortmaker, S. 1985. Do we fatten our children at the TV set? Obesity and
television viewing in children and adolescents: Pediatrics. 75 : 807-812.
 Dietz, W and Gortmaker, S. 1993. TV or not TV: Fat is the question. Pediatrics. 91: 499-500.
 Gortmaker, S; Must, A; Sobal, A; Peterson, K; Colditz, S and Dietz, W. 1996. Television
viewing as a cause of increasing obesity among children in United States, 1986-1990. Archives
of pediatrics and adolescent medicine. 150: 356-362.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Social Sciences Division, ISI
60
 Crespo, C; Smit, E; Troiano, R; Bartlett, S; Macera, C and Anderson, R. 2001. Television
watching, energy intake and obesity in US children. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent
Medicine. 155: 360-365.
 Giammattei, J; Blix, G; Marshak, HH; Wollitzer, AO and Pettitt, DJ. 2003. Television watching
and soft drink consumption: Association with obesity in 11-13 year old school children. Archives
of pediatrics and adolescent medicine. 157: 882-886.
8. Item wise break up of the budget proposed (Capital & Revenue) and justification for the same:
Item-wise break up of the budget proposal for 2013-2014
Rupees in lakhs
(a) Revenue
Fieldwork (TA, DA, Transport, field guide etc.)
One Project Assistant @12000 per month x 12 months
Data analysis, Report writing
Miscellaneous
TOTAL (Revenue)
(b) Capital (Anthropometric set, Skinfold Caliper and Weighing
machines)
GRAND TOTAL
2.00
1.44
0.50
3.94
2.00
5.94
Rupees in lakhs
1.80
1.44
0.50
0.20
3.94
0.00
(a) Revenue
Fieldwork (TA, DA, Transport, field guide etc.)
One Project Assistant @12000 per month x 12 months
Data analysis, Report writing
Miscellaneous
TOTAL (Revenue)
(b) Capital (Anthropometric set, Skinfold Caliper and Weighing
machines)
GRAND TOTAL
3.94
Item-wise break up of the budget proposal for 2014-2015
9. Brief Particulars of Assets, proposed to be acquired from Capital Budget, should be
mentioned. In case of replacement, Particulars of the asset to be condemned (e.g. Year of
Purchase, Cost).
10. Capital: Nil
11. List of all ongoing projects undertaken by the proposing scientist in the last 5 years: NIL
12. Expected date of completion: 31 March 2015.
13. Quarterly projection of expenditures (in lakhs) during 2014-2015
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
Total
Rev
Cap
Tot
Rev
Cap
Tot
Rev
Cap
Tot
Rev
Cap
Tot
Rev
Cap
Tot
0.86
0.0
0.86
1.11
0.0 1.11
1.11
0.0
1.11
.86
0.0
0.86
3.94
0.0
3.94
13. For General Projects only (in lakhs) (Ongoing):
Proposed budget for 2014-15
Revenue
Capital
Total
3.94
0.00
3.94
Total budget
allocation till
31.03.2013
Amount
spent till
31.03.2013
Not
Not
applicable
applicable
Total outlay
(proposed)
for
Twelfth Plan
(2012-2017)
9.88
14. For General Projects (in lakhs) only (New) : Not applicable
15. For North-East Projects only (On-going): Not applicable
16. For North-East Projects only (New): Not applicable
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Physical
progress in
terms of
percentage (%)
as on 31.03.2013
Financial
progress in
terms of
percentage
(%) as on
31.03.2013
Not applicable
Not
applicable
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
61
SRU (General, On-going)
Project No. 5.4
1. Title of the Project:
Gender Issues and Empowerment of Women in rural West Bengal
2. Brief objective and justification (2 & 3 sentences):
Thus the objectives of the study are as follows:
1. To find the status of empowerment in the context of economic, social, education and health
in some districts of West Bengal (See Appendix 2 for a list of indicators of
empowerment).
2. To assess the benefit accrued to women through the different developmental programmes
taken by the Government India towards empowerment of women (see Appendix 1 for
a list of some of the major development programmes for women and for gender
equality)
3. Date of Commencement: April 2013
4. Name of the proposing Scientist or Principal Investigator: Bhola Nath Ghosh
5. Name of other associated Scientists with their affiliation:
Prof. Manoranjan Pal (Indian Statistical Institute) Partha Nath Mukherji (Professor Emeritus,
Institute of Social Sciences, New Delhi & Former Director, Tata Institute of Social Sciences), and
Dr. Ramanuj Ganguly (Head, Department of Sociology, West Bengal State University).
6. A brief write up on the scope and justification of the project and the proposed work
The empowerment of women is one of the biggest challenging issues towards sustainable
and inclusive development. Empowerment of women through decision-making power and
control over the resources in the day to day life are the main two factors in this respect.
Development means improvement in all directions. Human Development Index (HDI) is
one such measure. However, HDI is unable to capture the uniformity of development among
male and female populations. New measures like Gender Related Development Index (GDI) and
Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM) were thus introduced. Women should be brought into the
mainstream by including them in all activities. The Ninth Five- year Plan (1997- 2002) identified
the empowerment of women as a key strategy for development (‘Engendering Poverty Policy in
India’ by Bina Fernandez1).
Empowerment of women is a process by which women acquire the power or capacity to
regulate their day-today lives in the social, political and economic spheres. An empowered
woman should be free to move, choose among alternatives, and participate in the social and
political events, and so on.
In Indian constitution, Women have the equal constitutional right in social and political
arena. But, do they actually enjoy these rights? Our project aims at finding it.
It is encouraging to note that the attitudes towards women have changed over time. The
national committee on the status of women was set up in 1971. This committee submitted their
report “Towards Equality” as early as in 1974. The Ninth Five-year plan (1997-2002) identified
the empowerment of women as a key strategy for development. A parliamentary committee on
empowerment of women was established in 1997, and the Prime Minister’s office had directed
that a review be made of the impact of gender mainstreaming in ministries and departments. The
year 2001 was declared as the “International Women’s Empowerment Year” by the United
Nations. Simultaneously the Government of India had also recognized the same year as
“Women’s Empowerment” year.
Here it should be noted that in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) there are eight
international development goals that 192 United Nations member states and at least 23
international organizations have agreed to achieve by the year 2015. There are eight goals with 21
targets and 60 measurable indicators. The third goal deals with the promotion of gender equality
and empowerment of women. It has one target, i.e., the elimination of gender disparity in primary
1
Bina Farnadez ,(2009),‘(En) gendering Poverty Policy in India’ in Gender & Discrimination, (eds),M.Pal, P.
Bharati, B.N.Ghosh & T.S. Vasulu, Oxford University Press, 2009.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
62
Social Sciences Division, ISI
and secondary education preferably by 2005 and at all levels by 2015, and three indicators as
follows:
i. Ratios of girls to boys in primary, secondary and tertiary education
ii. Share of women in wage employment in the non-agricultural sector
iii. Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament
However, for a district the relevant data may not be available. Instead we may think of other
indicators which follow. We may be interested only in some aspects of gender inequality and
seeing how much we have achieved towards equality of men and women on these aspects. One
such aspect is the women’s rights to properties.
Since it is mainly the women who are affected, gender inequality is usually seen through how
women get the benefit of development and how they are involved in developmental projects.
Since the aim is to achieve gender equality, one has to see the factors which lead to gender
equality.
Methodology:
It is found that there are 19 districts in West Bengal. We would like to select four districts
depending on the level of development and other special features which are likely to influence
the level of development of the districts. The level of development may be judged by the level of
infra-structural facilities, which are easily identifiable. The special features of the districts may
be taken as high percentages of tribal and/or SC, ST, OBC, Muslim populations etc.
The four districts will be selected as follows: We shall make two groups of districts as follows:
Developed and relatively less developed according to the infrastructural facilities. Each group
will be further subdivided into two groups: With relatively high percentage of at least one caste
groups as mentioned above and the rest of the districts in the group. We shall select one district
randomly from each of the four groups.
From each of the selected districts we shall ultimately select villages in a similar manner step by
step by selecting subdivisions, blocks and then villages. A complete list of households of the
selected villages will be prepared taking names of the head of the household, per-capita monthly
expenditure, occupation, caste, religion, age-sex combination of the household etc. Then, a
stratified random sample of the households would be drawn on the basis of monthly per-capita
expenditure for identifying the respondent women and a few men from the same set of
households.
A questionnaire will be prepared on the basis of which data will be collected. On the basis of the
data so collected we shall submit the interim report at the end of first year (2013 - 14).
In the second year of the project (2014 - 15), the task would be follows:
1. Preparation of relevant tables and charts to find the status of empowerment in the context
of economic, social, education and health in some districts of West Bengal.
2. Assessment of the benefit accrued to women through the different developmental
programmes taken by the Government India. For this some statistical analysis like
correlation and regression will be done.
3. Report writing will be done during the period.
Review of Literature:
According to Gurumoorthy (2000), empowering of women contributes to social
development. The concept of empowerment has been in existence since the 1990s, and several
scholars and development agencies have strived to map women’s socio-economic and political
situations (Mizan 1994; Bisnath and Elson 1999; Kabeer 1999, Deshmukh- Ranadive 2005;
Heyzer 2005; Malhotra and Schuler 2005). Studies on empowerment generally highlight such
dimensions such as access to resources, control over resources, or the impacts of access and
control over resources (kishor and Neitzel 1996; Elson and Cagaty 2000).
Professor Amartya Sen (1999), in his article on ‘Many faces of gender inequality’
illustrated with examples seven different kinds of inequality between men and women that exist
in most parts of the world. These are (i) Mortality Inequality, (ii) Natality Inequality, (iii) Basic
Facility Inequality, (iv) Special Opportunity Inequality, (v) Professional Inequality, (vi)
Ownership Inequality and (vii) Household Inequality. One can devise measures of gender bias
for each kind. Amartya Sen’s Capability Approach can also be used for this purpose.
The empowerment of women is one of the major driving forces towards attainment of
sustainable development of the community and economy at large. Amartya Sen has pointed out
that, ‘Education may enhance a young woman’s decision making power in the family in many
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
63
ways. Ownership of land and assets for ensuring economic security may also be viewed as one
aspect of empowerment of women.
The main ingredients determining empowerment are economic independence, education,
social mobility (freedom of movement) and equal participation in political process. The
combined effect of these factors enable women to get involved in decision-making processes
both at the household and village levels, so that equal benefits are bestowed upon both the sexes.
7. Item wise breakup of the budget proposed
(Capital & Revenue) and justification for the same (not more than ¼ page) :
Project Outlay: Expected budget allocation for 2014-2015
Sr.
No.
Item
Budget
for 2014 -2015
(1)
(2)
(4)
1
Remuneration of the project Assistant @ Rs.
12000/ per month
2
Field work: Cost of travel for investigators and
Collaborating Scientists
28,000/
3
Accommodation Charges
23,000/
4
Costs for foods
23,000/
5
Payment to be made to local investigators and field
guides
42,000/
6
Car hiring charge and other local transport
23,000/
7
Data entry and Scrutiny
10,000/
8
Stationary, Xerox, printing of the schedule, Postal,
telephone charge etc.
22,000/
9
Project report
5,000/
10
Miscellaneous
10,000/
11
Total
144,000/ **
330,000/
** for 12 months
7. Brief particulars of assets, proposed to be acquired from capital budgets, should be mentioned.
In case of replacement, particulars of the asset to be condemned(year of purchase, cost) : No
capital budget is required
8. Projects in last five years:
(A) Year 2007-2009: Process of empowerment of women in rural areas: A case study in Jharkhand,
(i) Status: Completed, (ii) Money budgeted: 1.44 lakh (2007 -2008), 2.52 lakh (2008 -2009), (iii)
Money Spent: 1.44 Lakh (approx.) (2007-2008), 2.52 Lakh (approx.) (2008-2009), (iv) Publications
 2010: “Gender Empowerment, Deprivation and Poverty in Rural Jharkhand: A Case Study”, (with
N.Sen,& U.K.De), in International Journal of Current Research, Vol. II, Page 107-116, December,
ISSN: 0975-833X, available online at http:// www.journalcra.com.
 2011: “Helpless Women: In the context of the present Fundamentalism & Globalization”, in
Jadavpur University Journal of Sociology, Jadavpur University, Vol. 4, number 4, June 2011,
ISSN 0976-5212, Page, 86-97.
(B) Year 2009 - 2010: Inter-state Comparison of Empowerment of women in rural areas (I) Status:
Completed, (II) Money Budget: 1.31 Lakh, (III) Spent: 1.28 Lakh (approx.), (IV) Publications:
 2009: "Empowerment of Khasi women in Meghalaya: A Case study", (with Jyoita Roy
Choudhury), in Journal of Empirical Research in Social Sciences (JERSS), Vol. 4, No. 1-2,
March- September, Page 68-81. Gawahati, Assam.
 2010: “Status and role of women in the rural Khasi Society of Meghalaya”, with Utpal Kumar De,
in, North- East India Council for Social Science Research (NEICSSR), in the Volume No. 34, No.
2, Page. 1 -17, October, Shillong, Meghalaya.
 2010: “Empowerment of Women: A study in Tripura & Meghalaya”, in, South Asian
Anthropologist, volume 10, Number 1, page 11-28, March, Serial Publications, New Delhi.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Social Sciences Division, ISI
64
 2011: “Empowerment of Rural Women in Backward Region of India: A comparative study of
Jharkhand, Tripura and Meghalaya” with U.K.De in the edited volume on Gender Deprivation and
Empowerment of women: An Indian perspective, edited by U. K. De & B. N. Ghosh, Page 111146, Lap Lambert Academic Publishing GmbH & Co. KG, Dudweiler Landstr, 99, 66123,
Saarbrucken, ISBN:978-3-8433-9497-0,(www.lap-publishing.com), Germany.
 2012: “Gender Budgeting, Resource Control & Empowerment of Women: A Study in
Meghalaya” in the edited volume on “Gender Budgeting: State towards Justice (Conceptual and
empirical issues)”(ed.) by Abdul Motin, Page 27-37, January, 2012, Dasgupta & Company
Publication House, Kolkata.
9. Expected date of Completion: 31 March 2015
10. Quarterly projection of expenditure during 2014 -15
Type
Quarter 1
Quarter 2
Quarter 3
Quarter 4
Revenue
75,000
Capital
Nil
75,000
Nil
80,000
1,00000
Nil
Nil
11. For General Ongoing Projects:
Proposed budget for 20142015
Total
budget
allocation
till
Amount
spent till
31.03.13
31.03.13
Rev
Cap
Total
3.30
lakhs
nil
3.30
lakh
2.5 lakh
Total
outlay for
Twelfth
plan (20122017)
Physical
progress in
terms of
percentage
(%) as on
31.03.2013
Financial
progress in
terms of
percentage (%)
as on
31.03.2013
Nil
12. For General Projects Only (New): Nil
13. For North-East Projects Only (on-going): Nil
14. For North-East Projects only (new): Nil
15. Rank (to be given by the Division): Does not arise
Publications (2008-20012) of Bhola Nath Ghosh (Addendum)
Articles published in Journals:
 2009: “Decentralisation or Democratic Devolution”,(with Partha N. Mukherji), in Panchayati Raj
Update, page 6-7, January, Vol. XVI, No.1, edited by Raj Kishore Das for Institute of Social
sciences, 8, Nelson Mandela Road, New Delhi.
 2009: “ Milk-co-operatives and Rural Development in West Bengal: A few issues”, (with Ranjit
Karmakar), in South Asian Anthropologist, Volume 9, Number 2, page 167-176, Serial
Publications, New Delhi.
 2010: “Democratic Centralism, Party Hegemony and Decentralization in West Bengal”, (with
Partha N. Mukherji), Sociological Bulletin, 59 (2), May- August, page 1-17.
 2010: “ Manab Nirapattya, Manbadhikar Abang Unnayan”, (with Ranjit karmakar),.in, Samaj
Tattya, June, Vol. 16, Issue-1, Pp. 39-41, ISSN 0975-9980, A Bi-lingual Half-yearly Journal of
Sociology, Kolkata.
 2010: “Creation in Rural Areas”, in Samaj-Tattya, Vol.16, Issue -2, December 2010, Page 6067,ISSN 0975-9980, A Bi-lingual Half-yearly Journal of Sociology, Kolkata.
 2011: “Women in Information Communication Technology” (with Asmita Bhattacharyya), in,
Asian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol. 2, Issue 3, Page 006- 014, March 2011, ISSN:
0976-3376, Website: www. Journalajst.com.
 2011: “ Problems of Education of Scheduled Tribes and Scheduled Castes: A case study in
Kolkata and surroundings and Medinipur and surrounding areas”, in Journal US-China Education
Review, David Publishing, USA, June 2011, Volume 8, No.6, ISSN 1548-6613.
 2011: “Singur: A case study for industrialization”, in South Asian Anthropologist, 2011 (2):
115-120 Serial publications, New Delhi.
 2012: “Women in Indian Information Technology (IT) Sector: A Sociological Analysis”, in
International Organisation of Scientific Research. (IOSR) Journal of Humanities And
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
65
Social Science (JHSS), Volume 3, Issue 6 (November-December, 2012), PP 45-52, ISSN: 22790837, ISBN: 2279-0845, www.Oosrjournals.org, DOI (Digital Object Identifier) number is
10.9790/0837-0364552,check it through www.doi.org
 2012: “Gender differences specially in health: A Case study in Meghalaya and Tripura”, in
IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science (JHSS), Pp. 18-25, ISSN: 2279-0837, ISBN:
2279-0845, 0461825,check it through www.doi.org
 2012: “Co-operatives: A few words”, in Asian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol.4,
Issue, 11. PP. 050-053, ISSN: 0976- 3376, Website: www. Journalajst.com.
 2012: “Concept and Implications of Empowerment of Women in North-East India: A Case
Study”, in, Society Today: An Interdisciplinary of Social Sciences, Vol.2, PP. 1-19,
December 2012, Editor, Anirban Banerji, ISSN 2319-3328, available online at http//
www.society today.
 2013: “Ethnicity: A Continuum on Education”,(with Sujata Chakraborty), in, Asian Journal
of Science and Technology, Vol. 3, Issue 02, p. 128 -147, 2013, ISSN: 2161-6248
website:www.journalajst.com
Articles Published in Book:
 2008: “Process of Empowerment of Women : A Comparative study of Tripura and
Meghalaya” with De Utpal , in edited volume on Women Emancipation: Focus North-East,
edited by Asok Kumar Roy and Basudev Datta Roy, p. 243-256, OM publications, New Delhi.
 2008: “Women in Decision making: experiences from two states in Northeast India”, With
M.Pal &P.Bharati, in edited volume on Women empowerments in North-east India, edited by
L.S.Gassah, p.198 -215, Omsons Publications, New Delhi.
 2008: “Problems of Tribal Identity in North-eastern Region”, with R.Karmakar, in edited volume
on Contemporary social problems in India, vol. -1,edited by Ruby Sain, p. 125-132, Readers
Service, Kolkata.
 2008: “Some aspects of Gender Differences in two states of Northeast India”, with M.Pal & P.
Bharati, in edited volume on Women speak, edited by B.N.Ghosh & Subhabrata Dutta, p.99-114,
Mittal Publications, New Delhi.
 2010: “Nagarik Samaj Andolon”, in edited volume on Bharater Samajik Andolon, edited by
KrishnaDas Chattopadhya & Aniruddha Chowdhury, p.238 -243, Levant Book, Kolkata.
 2011: “Women in Information Communications Technology (ICT): Opportunity and Constraint”
with Asmita Bhattacharya in the edited volume on Gender Deprivation and Empowerment of
women: An Indian perspective, edited by U. K. De & B. N.
 Ghosh, Page 277- 289, Lap Lambert Academic Publishing GmbH & Co. KG, Dudweiler Landstr,
99, 66123, Saarbrucken, ISBN: 978-3-8433-9497-0, (www.lap- publishing.com), Germany.
Articles Published in Conference Proceedings:
 2009: “Party Hegemony and Decentralization: Panchayati Raj in West Bengal’, with Partha Nath
Mukherji in the proceeding of International Conference on “ Three Decades of Rural
Decentralization in West Bengal: Lessons and future options’, Edited by Buddhadev Ghosh,
December, pp. 69 -75, Institute of Social Sciences, Kolkata.
 2010: ‘Tribal Women & Empowerment: A study in West Bengal’, with R. Karmakar, in the
Proceeding of National Seminar on ‘Dynamics of Tribal development with special reference to
Women’ in the Department of Anthropology, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, January.
 2010: ‘Industrialization efforts in Singur and its consequences’ in National Seminar on
Management of Natural Resources and Environment in India, pp. 639-645, October.
Book:
 2008: Women Governance in Tripura, Concept Publishing Company, New Delhi. P.208+ XII,
ISBN -13:978-81-8069-519-3, ISBN- 10:81-8069-519-0.
Edited Books:
 2008: Women’s Speak, edited jointly with Subhabrata Dutta, Mittal Publications, New Delhi,
267 + XVI, ISBN 81-8324-263-4.
 2009: Gender and Discrimination, Health Nutritional Status, and Role of Women in India, edited
with Manoranjan pal, Premananda Bharati and T.S.Vasulu, Oxford University
Press, New
Delhi, ISBN-13: 978-019-806029-1, ISBN-10: 019-806029-7.
 2011: Gender Deprivation and Empowerment of women: An Indian perspective, edited by U. K.
De & B. N. Ghosh, Lap Lambert Academic Publishing GmbH & Co. KG, Dudweiler Landstr,
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
66
Social Sciences Division, ISI
99, 66123, Saarbrucken, ISBN: 978-3-8433-9497-0, Total page 310, Price 79 EURO, ( www.lappublishing.com), Germany. ISBN: 978-3-8433-9497-0.
 2012: Gender Issues & Empowerment of Women, edited byManoranjan Pal, Prasanta Pathak,
Premananda Bharati & Amita Majumdar, Nova Science Publishers, Inc., New York, Total page
xxii + 323, Price USD 69, (www.novapublishers.com) ISBN 978-1-62100-407-3(hbk).
Appendix 1
Whether the respondent woman and her counterpart are aware of the following government of India
Schemes/Acts and were benefitted out of these schemes.
1. Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme
2. The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act or Right to Education Act (RTE)
3. Integated Child Development Services Scheme (including Apni Beti Apna Dhan, Balika
Smariddhi Yojana and National Maternity Benefit Scheme)
4. The Maternity Benefit Act (1961) and its amendment in 2007.
5. Child Care Leave for two years
6. National Old Age Pension Scheme
7. Babu Jagjiban Ram Chhatrawas Yojona –Scheme of hostel for SC girls and boys
8. Central Scheme of Hostels for OBC boys and girls
9. Post Matric Scholarship to OBC Students
10. Post Matric Scholarship to Scheduled Caste Students
11. Pre Matric Scholarship to Other Backward Classes Students
12. Adivasi Shiksha Rrinn Yojana (ASRY)
13. Scheme for Leadership Development of Minority Women
14. Maternity leave for 180 days up to two children.
15. Integrated Child Development Services Scheme.
16. Apna Beti Apna Dhan (Rs. 500/ to the mother within 15 days) for SC/BC categories Except
Gazetted Officer)
17. Balika Smariddhi Yojana (General Caste category living below poverty line).
18. National Maternity Benefit Scheme (below poverty line provided the new baby to born is Second
child in the family Rs. 500 to the mother during 6th to 8th month of pregnancy.
19. Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) (Rs.1000/- (Rs.700/- under JSY (GOI) + Rs.300/- under
Sukhibhava (State) scheme) is being paid to rural BPL woman.
Appendix 2
The Dimensions of Empowerment of Women and the specific measures:
Dimension-1: Participation in Political Arenas and in Decision-Making by Women: Indicators:
(a) Whether the women cast their Vote in Gram panchayat, Panchayat
samity, Zilla Parisad, state assembly and Lok sabha election.
(b) Whether member of a political party.
(c) Whether attended in the political party meeting
Dimension-2: Economic Participation: Indicator:
(a) Whether an earning member (employed in an organized or unorganised sector, self
employed etc.).
Dimension-3: Social Participation: Indicators:
(a) Whether attended childs’ school function,
(b) Whether attended any cultural programme in the village
(c) Whether visited relatives house outside the village without being accompanied by a male
member.
(d) Whether visited any temples or religious places which is situated outside of village
without being accompanied by a male member.
(e) Level of education of women.
Dimension-4: Decision-Making Power of Women
(a) Decision making power of spending money
(b) Decision making over child’s admitting to school etc.
(c) Decision making power about the marriage of children.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
67
EAU (General, On-Going)
Project No. 8.1
1. Project Title: Evaluating Official Statistics on Land and Livestock holdings
2. Brief Objective: In this Project, we propose to use our extensive experience with village data to
comment on and improve the scope and method of official data collection and the quality of
official data across a range of parameters associated with agriculture and rural development in
India. In the first instance, we wish to examine official data on land and livestock holdings of
rural households.
3. Date of Commencement: APRIL 1, 2012
4. Proposing Scientist: V. K. RAMACHANDRAN
5. Other Associated Scientists: Madhura Swaminathan (SRU), Niladri Sekhar Dhar (SRF),
Shamsher Singh (SRF), Kaustav Sarkar (JRF), Biplab Sarkar (JRF)
External: Professor Abhijit Sen (JNU and Planning Commission), Dr. Vikas Rawal (JNU), Dr. V.
Surjit (CIP), Dr. R. Ramakumar (TISS), Pallavi Chavan (RBI)
6. Scope and Objectives: Land is the primary prerequisite for production in agriculture. The
distribution of land between households is an important indicator of their position in the system
of agrarian production. Understanding changes in the distribution of land and changes in
inequality among rural households in the ownership and operation of this fundamental asset is of
central importance to an understanding of the rural economy.
Nevertheless, the economic size of a farm cannot be measured by its extent alone. First, a single
size category of land holding may conceal considerable variations in the physical characteristics
of land, such as in irrigation and drainage facilities available, type of soil and its fertility
(Ramachandran, 1980). Secondly, a single size category of land holding may group together
households that differ in respect of several essential characteristics (ibid.). Households with the
same extent of land may differ in terms of techniques of cultivation, in the possession of
machinery, and thus in the scale of production. Households with the same extent of cultivated
land may also differ with regard to the terms of possession (for example, with respect to tenurial
status). Given these variations in features of land holding of the same acreage, it is important to
be careful in the collection and processing of data on land holdings.
Animal resources maintained by a large proportion of households are an important source of
livelihood for these households. Animals are used for draught power, and for animal products
like milk, eggs, meat, wool and honey, and make an important contribution to incomes of a large
proportion of rural households. Animals are also an important component of the asset base of
rural households.
Despite the importance of reliable large-scale data bases on land holdings in India, the available
data on land holdings cannot be used to understand some important aspects of land relations.
Data on livestock holdings do not provide any information on lease and rental markets of
animals, on sale and purchase of animals, on how animals are maintained, or on what use they
are put to. There are gaps in terms of data collected in the large-scale surveys on land and
livestock holdings, there are definitional problems, and there are problems in terms of loss of
information and accuracy due to aggregation at the time of tabulation. In addition, there are
problems of comparability of data across surveys, regions, and time-periods.
This project proposes to prepare a revised survey schedule for collection of data on land and
livestock holdings, to test that schedule with data from selected villages, and to assess the quality
of data generated through the village surveys. On the basis of this study, the project aims to
propose a revised schedule to be used in the NSSO’s Survey on Land and Livestock Holdings,
which is the most important current source of information on household ownership and
operational holdings of land in India
Specifically, this project proposes to
(d) evaluate the extent, nature and sources of discrepancies in available NSSO data on land
and livestock holdings, and
(e) design and test questionnaire blocks that will help improve the quality of data collection
in NSSO's surveys on land and livestock holdings, through primary surveys in selected
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Social Sciences Division, ISI
68
villages.
In relation to (a) the project will analyse existing NSS data from land and livestock surveys to
(a) identify important variables on which information is not available from these surveys,
and
(b) evaluate the quality and consistency of information from the variables on which data are
available.
For evaluation of quality and consistency, NSSO data will be compared with other sources of
official statistics as well as data from primary surveys.
To undertake (b), it is noted that, the principal investigators and associated scientists have been
engaged in village surveys for several years. One of the objectives of these surveys was to
analyse village-level production, production systems and livelihoods and to characterise the
socio-economic features of different strata of the rural population. For this purpose, a census-type
survey that covers every household and individual has been conducted in selected villages. These
surveys used a revised prototype of a schedule for a survey on land holdings.
From this data base of village surveys, the module for data collection on land holdings and
associated variables will be cleaned and processed. This will allow us to verify the quality of data
collected, identify the new items of data and their uses, and present some findings on the uses of
such data. On the basis of these village surveys, the study will propose a modified survey
schedule for the NSSO Land and Livestock Survey.
7. Budget:
PROPOSED BUDGET: Rs Nine lakhs Forty thousand in 2013-14 and Rs Five lakhs Seventy
thousand in 2014-15
ITEM
2013-14
2014-15
REVENUE
Travel and Fieldwork (investigators)
2,00,000
2,00,000
JRF or Project linked personnel or data
2,90,000
2,90,000
processing charges
Stationary, printing, communication
20,000
30,000
Purchase of data and books, computer
20,000
30,000
consumables
Workshop/Seminar
4,00,000
Miscellaneous
10,000
20,000
GRAND TOTAL
9,40,000
5,70,000
8. Assets: NIL
9. Projects in Last Five Years:
1. YEAR 2007-09:
Agrarian Relations in India
Status: Completed
2007-08 Money Budgeted: 3,06,000
Money Spent: 2,78,733.
2008-09 Money Budgeted: 2,25,000
Money Spent: 2,24,059
2. YEAR 2010-2011
Seminar on Dalit Households in Village Economies
Status: Completed: Seminar held on January 7-8, 2011, and book in press.
Money Budgeted: 1,28000
Money Spent: 1,28000
Relevant Publications (in last five years)
Books
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
69
 Agrarian Studies 2: Financial Liberalisation and Rural Credit, edited by V. K. Ramachandran
and Madhura Swaminathan, was published in 2005.
 Agrarian Studies 3: Dalits Households in Village Economies, edited by V. K. Ramachandran and
Madhura Swaminathan, is in press (due in summer 2011).
 Socio-Economic Surveys of Three Villages in Andhra Pradesh: A Study of Agrarian Relations
(eds V. K. Ramachandran, Vikas Rawal and Madhura Swaminathan), New Delhi: Tulika Books,
2010.
 Selected Research Papers of Principal Investigator and Associated Scientists
 See Ramachandran, V. K., Yoshifumi, Usami, and Sarkar, Biplab (2010), “Lessons from BPL
Censuses”, The Hindu, April 20, 2010 and Yoshifumi, Usami, Sarkar, Biplab, and
Ramachandran, V. K. (2010), "Are the Results of BPL Census 2002 Reliable?" (available at
www.fas.org.in).
 Madhura Swaminathan “Agriculture and Livelihoods: A Village Report Card”, Proceedings of
the International Conference on Eliminating Hunger and Poverty, M. S. Swaminathan Research
Foundation, August 7-9, 2010 (forthcoming).
 Vikas Rawal, Madhura Swaminathan and Niladri S Dhar, “On Diversification of Rural Incomes:
A View from Three Villages”, Indian Journal of Labour Economics, Vol 51, No. 2, April-June,
2008, pp 237-256.
 Ramachandran, V. K., and Rawal, Vikas (2010), “The Impact of Liberalisation and Globalisation
on India’s Agrarian Economy”, in Harriss, John and Bowles, Paul (eds.), Globalization and
Labour in China and India: Impacts and Responses, Palgrave Macmillan.
 Rawal, Vikas (2010), “Tenancy Relations in Ananthavaram, 1974-2005-06”, paper presented at
the Second International Conference on Environment, Agriculture and Socio-economic Change
in India", Daegu (South Korea), March 29-30.
 Ramakumar and K Raut “Agricultural Employment in a Vidarbha village: Results from a
Resurvey” Review of Agrarian Studies, 1 (2), June-December, 2011 (forthcoming).
 Ramakumar and Pallavi Chavan, “Changes in the Number of Rural Bank Branches in India, 1991
to 2008” Review of Agrarian Studies, 1 (1), January-June, 2011.
 R. Ramakumar “India’s Agricultural Economy”, Chapter 5 in Contemporary Issues in Indian
Economy, Text Book Manuscript for undergraduates prepared by J. Mohan Rao, Jayan Jose
Thomas and R. Ramakumar, Instituto de Altos Estudios Universitarios, Spain, 2008.
 Rawal, Vikas (2008a), “Estimates of Rural Household Incomes in India: Selected
Methodological Issues.”, paper presented at the Colloquium “Studying Village Economies in
India: A Colloquium On Methodology,” Chalsa.
(http://www.agrarianstudies.org/UserFiles/File/S5_Rawal_Estimation_of_Rural_Household_Inc
omes_in_India.pdf)
 Rawal, Vikas (2008b), “Ownership Holdings of Land in Rural India: Putting the Record
Straight”, Economic and Political Weekly, March 8.
 Rawal, Vikas (2008c), “Making Sense of Statistics on School Education in India”, presented at
the National Seminar on School Education Statistics, National University of Educational
Planning and Administration, New Delhi, March 3-4.
http://agrarianresearch.org/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/vikas-nuepa.pdf
 Rawal, Vikas (2006a), “Landlessness in Rural West Bengal”, a report submitted to the
Ddevelopment and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, Kolkata.
 Rawal, Vikas (2006b), “Indebtedness in Rural West Bengal”, a report submitted to the
Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, Kolkata.
10. Expected Date of Completion: MARCH 31, 2015
11. Quarterly Projection of Expenditure during 2013-14:
REVENUE EXPENDITURE
Quarter 1
Quarter 2
Quarter 3
Quarter 4
Total
1,30,000
1,30,000
550,000
130,000
9,40,000
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Social Sciences Division, ISI
70
Non Project
Plan Proposals
Srl No.
Unit
Page No.
1
Economic Research Unit
………………………..
70
2
Linguistic Research Unit
………………………..
71
3
Population Studies Unit
………………………..
73
4
Psychology Research Unit
………………………..
74
5
Sociological Research Unit
………………………..
76
6
Sampliing & Official Statistics Unit
………………………..
77
7
Economics & Planning Unit, Delhi Centre
………………………..
78
8
Economic Analysis Unit, Bangalore Centre
………………………..
80
9
Social Sciences Division Office
………………………..
81
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
71
Economic Research Unit
Budget Proposals for the Year 2014 – 2015
Sl. No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Items
Visiting Scientists:
Seminar:
Internal travel:
Submission fee for publication in Journals:
Computer Consumables:
Repair and Maintenance:
Office Expenditures:
Capital Expenditure:
TOTAL
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Amount (in lakh)
10.00
5.00
1.00
0.50
2.70
2.50
0.80
10.00
32.50
Social Sciences Division, ISI
72
Linguistic Research Unit
NON-PROJECT PLAN PROPOSALS FOR 2014-15
Items Heads
Capital
Computer, Photocopier, Software, Scanner, Printer,
Cupboard, Internet Hub, Furniture, Wi-Fi, etc.
Revenue
Fellowship for 1 (one) New JRF/SRF (2014-2015)
Visiting Scientists
Seminars (departmental, on regular basis)
Internal Travel
Computer Consumables
Maintenance
Office Expenditures (Stores and Stationeries)
Total
Amount for the year
Remark
2014-2015
5,00,000 Essential
5,00,000
3,00,000
50,000
50,000
70,000
80,000
80,000
80,000
7,10,000
12,10,000
Justification for LRU Unit’s Plan Budget Proposal: 2014 -2015
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
Capital Items: With regard to capital items and resources LRU is poorly furnished. It suffers from
lack of a laboratory furnished with advanced systems and tools necessary for successful execution
of research and development works in the area of Natural Language Processing, language
technology, applied linguistics, & cognitive linguistics. It needs some good computers, printers,
and photo-copiers to carry out academic and research activities. Also, due to lack of computer
facilities, visitors and summer trainees who come to work at LRU face severe problems. It is
imperative that we should provide the basic infrastructural facilities to the scholars as well as
scholars who visit LRU. At present, there are 15 computers in LRU. At least 5 or more computers
are urgently required for carrying out research works and for Ph.D. scholars. We also need laser
printers, scanners, and photo copiers, chairs, tables, computer tables, cupboards, UPS, AC, etc. for
proper functioning and seamless execution of research and administrative works of the unit.
Therefore, LRU needs an amount of Rs. 5,00,000/- to meet such expenses.
Visiting Scientists: During last few years at least ten scientists from home and abroad have visited
LRU – either in short or long term period. For providing honorarium and local hospitality to
visiting scientists LRU needs an amount of Rs. 50,000/-.
Seminar/workshop: LRU organizes seminars on regular basis. During last one year some scholars
have presented their research works at LRU seminars. This gives us an opportunity to have
academic interactions with different researchers. We propose to pay an amount of Rs. 2000/- to
each non-ISI presenter as TA and honorarium. Also, we invite well-known scientists from different
parts of the country to give special lectures on specified topics. To meet TA and local hospitality,
etc. LRU needs an amount of Rs. 50,000/-.
Internal Travel: Scientists of LRU attend conferences/seminars at various universities and
institutes within India. Also interactions become necessary with experts from outside (within
India) for research. This provides scope for better interaction with other scholars. To meet TA and
DA for attending and presenting papers in conferences and seminars by scientific workers LRU
needs an amount of Rs. 70,000/-.
Computer Consumables: Over the years our dependence on computers and related devices has
increased. This results in more utilization of computer consumables like Cartridges, Toners,
Floppies, CDs, computer papers, transparency sheets, etc. To meet such need LRU requires an
amount of Rs. 80,000/- for the Unit.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
(f)
(g)
73
Maintenance: Fund is also required for maintaining computers, UPS, aqua guards, anti-virus
software, etc. Maintenance also includes internal repair and patch works, internal painting of doors
and windows, of the Unit etc. LRU requires an amount of Rs. 80,000/- for this purpose.
Office Expenditures: Quite often Central Store fails to meet requirement of office stationery goods
and items urgently needed in LRU. We need to have provision for procuring items like pad, note
sheets, pencils, ribbon, gems clips, envelopes, staplers, gum, cups, cover files, flat files, pens, etc.
Also we need to have provision for procuring some electrical equipment. LRU needs an amount of
Rs. 80,000/- for this.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Social Sciences Division, ISI
74
Population Studies Unit
NON-PROJECT PLAN PROPOSALS FOR 2014-15
Sl. No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Items
Visiting Scientists
Research Fellows / Statistical Trainees etc.
Seminars by invited Experts
Submission Fee for Publication in Journals
Internal Travel
Computer Consumables
Office Expenditure
Repair and Maintenance etc.
Capital Expenditure
Sub-total
Grand Total
Total Amount (in Lac of Rs.)
Revenue
Capital
2.40
0.00
2.00
0.00
1.00
0.00
0.50
0.00
0.50
0.00
0.75
0.00
0.60
0.00
2.75
0.00
0.00
3.50
10.50
3.50
14.00
Justifications:
1. Two external scientists will be invited to work at PSU for three months. So for local hospitality
and honorarium to the visiting scientists the unit requires an amount of Rs. 2.40 Lakhs.
2. JRF (1) / Statistical Trainees (2) will be absorbed for the financial year.
3. It will be used to invite well-known population scientists from different parts of the country to
deliver lectures on different topics.
4. At present most of the National/International journal needs submission fee for referring and
processing. The amount will be used for that purpose.
5. The researchers of PSU often present papers in different conferences / seminars organized by
reputed universities and institutions within India. To meet TA and DA (according to the rules of
ISI) for attending and presenting papers, the unit proposes that amount.
6. To meet regular requirements of computer consumables various items will be purchased.
7. It will be utilized for purchasing stationeries, meeting expenses on conveyance and refreshments
etc.
8. It is required for solving the chronic problem of water leakage from the roof and outside wall,
and for internal repair and patch work with painting of inside walls of the unit.
9. It will be used partly for the purchase of a new Computer Projector. The present projector
purchased 8 yrs ago now not in working condition. Besides these, three very old and badly
functioning AC machines in the computer rooms need replacement by power saving new models
of AC machines. The unit has to purchase virus software in each year and a small amount of
money will be required for that. At least three (3) computers are urgently required for Associate
scientists, who are at present working with very old computers running under back dated
operating system and not supporting most of the scientific software.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
75
Psychology Research Unit
Non-Project Expenditure Statement 2014-2015
Sr. No.
Name of the Project
Rs. in lakhs Rs. in lakhs Rs. in lakhs
Revenue
Capital
Total
1.50
1.50
3.10
3.10
1.30
1.30
1.20
1.20
1
2
3
4
Computer Consumables
Research Fellow
Maintenance for Computer & Equipment
Seminar / Workshop / Training programme
5
Software
1.50
-
1.50
6
Office Expenditure
0.90
-
0.90
7
Visiting Scientist / Research Collaborator
1.20
-
1.20
8
9
10
Internal Travel
Submission fee for publication in journal
Capital Expenditure (Psychological Instrument,
PC, Laptop, LCD Projector, Printer, Computer
Table and Chair, Refrigerator, Xerox Machine,
etc.)
1.00
0.50
5.00
1.00
0.50
5.00
5.00
17.20
Total
12.20
The details of the Non- Project Budget Proposals for the year 2014- 15 .
1. Computer Consumables: This expenditure has increased tremendously . As a result, the use of
consumables like Cartridge, Toner, CD-R & W, DVD, Papers, Pen drive, Transparency Sheets
etc., are increasing day by day. This requires at least an amount of Rs. 1.50 lakhs.
2. Research Fellow: Rs.3.10 lakhs. (Self-explanatory)
3. Maintenance: It will be required for maintaining the PCs, UPS, Aquaguard, Laptop Battery
Anti-Virus software, Printers, Scanners, Cleaning of PC and accessories etc. So we propose an
estimate of Rs. 1.30 lakhs
4. Seminar/Workshop/Training Programme: The unit is organizing different academic seminars,
workshops and training programmes to disseminate research output from time to time. Several
inside and outside speakers are also invited to disseminate the ideas related to specific theme.
This enables unit to make several
academic exchange with the speakers as well as the
participants. The research scholars of the unit are benefited through this programme. This
requires a total amount of Rs. 1.20 lakhs .
5. Software: Different statistical software are regularly used in analysis of different multivariate
research data. In considering the regular up-date of software, we need to purchase most up-date
software. This requires a total amount of Rs.1.50 lakhs.
6. Office Expenditure: Office stationary items are not available in time from the Central Stores.
These include writing pads, note sheets, pencils, pens, ribbon, gem clips, envelops, staplers, gum,
etc. and some other equipment. We propose an estimate of Rs.0.90 lakhs.
7. Visiting Scientist: The Unit is involved in different collaborative researches with Indian and
Foreign Universities and Research Organizations. In this connection, an estimate of honorarium,
hospitality (food and accommodation), train/air fares and local transport will be required. This
requires a total amount of Rs.1.20 lakhs.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
76
Social Sciences Division, ISI
8. Internal travel : To attend local seminar/conference/workshop or to visit experts for paper
presentation or for upgrading knowledge. An estimate of Rs. 1.00 lakh will be required.
9. Submission fee for publication in journal: Many Indian and foreign journals require submission
fee for reviewing the paper from the authors. Expert comment is important for upgrading
research.
10. An estimate of Rs.0.50 lakh will be required for this purpose.
Capital Expenditure:
1. Psychological instrument: Different psychological instruments are part and parcel of our
research. Currently, scientists and research fellows are in difficulty to collect them. It is
planned that we will keep them in our Psychology lab where our research fellows and
scientists can do experimental research. So we want psychological instruments / scales for
our psychology lab.
2. PC, Printer, LCD Projector, Xerox machine: Currently, we have 2 old PC. Spare parts are
not available. They are useless to analyze vast data structure. Current configuration is
inadequate to handle them. Therefore, we want to buy at least 1 PC with most upto date
configuration. Our printer has similar problem. Current printers are not adequate to satisfy
work load. Therefore, we want one printer. Unit is organizing seminar/workshop and training
programs regularly. For this reason, one LCD Projector will be required. There is no Xerox
machine in our unit. It will be required for Xeroxing official documents and project related
materials.
3. Furniture, Microwave: Few computer tables and chairs in the computer lab. are broken and
not repairable. Some new computer tables and chairs, Book shelves etc. are also required for
the Lab.
4. An estimate of Rs. 5.00 lakhs will be required to purchase all the above mentioned Capital
items.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
77
Sociological Research Unit
Non-Project Expenditure Statement 2014-2015
Non-plan Budget Proposal (2014-15)
Budget (in lakhs)
Item
Revenue
Capital
1. Visiting Scientist
3.00
2. Seminar
1.00
3. Internal Travel
1.00
4. Research Fellow (Three )
7.50
5. Computer Consumable
1.00
6. Maintenance & Office expenditure
1.00
7. Softwares
2.00
8. Capital Equipments (upgrading furniture, AC
5.00
in computer rooms and other equipments)
9. Processing fees for publication
0.60
Total
17.10
5.00
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Total
3.00
1.00
1.00
7.50
1.00
1.00
2.00
5.00
0.60
22.10
Social Sciences Division, ISI
78
Sampling & Official Statistics Unit
Non-Project Expenditure Statement 2014-2015
Sl.
No.
Name of the Unit
Revenue
Capital
Total in
(Lakhs)
Non-Plan Budget
1.
Computer Consumables (4 Cartridge for HP3015DN, 12
Cartridge for HP1020+ , 4 set cartridge HP Projet8060, Paper
for (Xerox + Laserjet), 20 Boxes
2.
External Hard Disk for Storage of Office, Material and
project data
3. Software Procurement (SPSS, MS-Office)
4. Office Furniture
5. Desktop/Printer, 5 New Computer, Laptop , 10 New
HP1020+ Laserjet Printer
6. UPS for SOSU (5 KVA)
7. Statistical Trainee
8. Visiting Scientist (4)
9. Honorary Visiting Scientist (2)
10. Office expenses
11. Repair and Maintenance
Total
2.00
2.00
0.50
0.50
6.00
18.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
61.33
0.50
2.00
5.00
0.50
2.00
5.00
4.00
4.00
6.00
18.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
72.83
11.50
1. These are required as the Unit conducts training programmes, workshops, etc. frequently and
also runs number of projects.
2. These are required for same reason as mentioned above.
3. These are required for data analysis and report preparation in legal way.
4. The office has very few furniture. Number of new furniture are to be bought. White board is to
be provided in each faculty room.
5. Existing computers and printers are not adequate for tackling no. of projects.
6. Currently, no computer has UPS. So, a heavy duty UPS is required to serve all computers.
7. Statistical trainees are often useful in different projects. They learn while participating in the
projects.
8. Visiting scientists are playing important role in increasing SOSU activities. They are also useful
in networking with different institutions. Well performing visiting scientists can be considered
for absorption in the unit.
9. Honorary visiting scientists are established scientists. They will be invited for short periods.
Their advice will be useful for expansion of SOSU activities.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
79
Economics & Planning Unit,
Delhi Centre
Budget Proposals for the Year 2014-15
1. Plan Revenue (non-project): Rs. 32.15 lakhs
Project No.Name of the Project Revenue Rs. In lakhs
1.1Visiting Scientists
27.00
1.2 Post-doctoral fellows- cum-Lecturers
0.00
1.3Travel of Scientists
0.55
1.4Seminars
1.00
1.5PC, Xerox, Stationery, Consumables 1.50
1.6Misc. Including communications & fax 1.00
1.7Journal Submission & professional memberships 0.55
1.8Maintenance
0.55
Plan Revenue (projects): Rs. 3.50 lakhs
Project No.
Name of the Project
1.9
Annual Conference
Revenue Rs. In lakhs
3.50
2. Plan Capital (non-projects):
Rs. 9.0 lakhs
Project No. Name of the Project Capital Rs. In lakhs
2.1
Upgrading Computers,
9.0
manuals, software, Furniture, fittings, equipment
TOTAL (Revenue non-project + projects + Capital non-projects + projects) : Rs. 44.65
lakhs.
The details of the Budget Proposals 2014-15
1.1 Visiting Scientists: We have on an average twenty visitors (from home and foreign
universities/institutes) every year visiting our department. Out of them 5-6 are usually longterm visitors (some of whom stay for 6 months or more), who not only contribute through
collaborative research with our faculty, but also take part in teaching in the MSQE program.
1.3 Travel of scientists: The scientists of the unit often present papers in conferences / seminars
organized by reputed universities, institutes within India, and even Delhi. Further, they travel
within India for discussions with colleagues interested in similar research issues. This
provides scope for better interaction without much involvement of time. If travel, and
conference registration fee is provided for the said activity, it would encourage scientific activity
of the unit. We propose an estimate of Rs. 55,000/-.
1.4 Seminar: Economics and Planning Unit (EPU) organizes academic seminars on a
weekly basis. Approximately, 35 non-ISI scientific persons present their research works in
a year at PU. We propose to spend an amount of Rs. 2000/- on each non-ISI seminar, that is
to be spent on honorarium to the speaker, as well as refreshments. Moreover, we sometimes
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
80
Social Sciences Division, ISI
invite well-known scientists from different parts of the country to deliver special lectures, as
well as organize one-day workshops on important topics. For all these items we propose an
estimate of Rs. 1,00,000/-.
1.5 PC, Xerox, Stationery, Consumables: Over the years our dependence on
computers/photocopiers has tremendously increased. This has resulted in an increase of the use
of computer consumables like Cartridge, Toner, Pen Drives, CD, papers, transparency sheets
etc. This is in addition to usual stationery items likes pens, pads, white-board pens and dusters,
staplers, gum, clips, envelopes, chalks, etc. This requires at least an amount of Rs. 1.5 lakh.
1.6 Miscellaneous including communications and fax: In this globalized world quick
communication is of the essence. Even with e-mails, we often need to fax documents, or send
original documents through reliable couriers. STD/ISD phone-calls are also required. The
amount marked for these items are: Rs. 1.0 lakhs.
1.7 Submission fee for publication in journal and professional memberships: In a number of topranked international journals authors have to pay rather high submission fees. If a fee of maximum
$100 per paper is provided to the author(s) (subject to peer review of the paper before
submission), good quality papers may get chance to be published in top-ranked journals.
Some journals waive the admission fee for members of the respective societies, so society
memberships serve the same purpose. We propose an estimate of Rs. 55,000/- for this purpose.
1.8 Maintenance: This amount is meant for repairing work on some older cup-boards, as well as
painting and repairing of doors etc: Rs. 55,000/-lakhs.
1.9 Annual Conference (project): The annual conference of the Planning Unit on Growth
and Development has become one of the well-known international conferences in the field of
economic development and attracts a number of distinguished researchers from all over the
world. The most recent 8th annual conference held in December 2002 had 128 accepted papers
and 5 plenary speakers with a total of 250 participants from 14 countries.
2.1 Economics & Planning Unit finds the following items (capital goods) necessary to carry out
its academic programs.
1) Computers and Laptop: We need to replace a number of computers because they have
become very old and slow. The proposed budget on this head is: Rs. 5.0 lakhs.
2) Chairs, Tables, Almirah: Many of the existing chairs, tables
(including
computer tables), Almirahs have become very old and some of them have been damaged,
repairing of which are not economical and sometimes are not possible. These are needed to
be replaced. The estimated budget for these is Rs. 2.0 lakh.
3) Electronic Software, pen-drives, printers, etc.: For research work we urgently need the
use of newly developed multi-use electronic statistical software, word processing, and
reference software. We also budget for a possible replacement of a PU printer, if required.
The estimated budget for these is Rs. 2.0 lakh. Therefore, total estimated cost on Project 2.1 is
Rs. 9.0 lakh.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
Economic Analysis Unit,
Bangalore Centre
EAU Budget 2013-14
Item
in lakhs
Visiting Scientist
20
PC+Printer
Capital
2.5
Computer Consumable
0.5
Repair and Maintenance
0.6
Furniture
0.5
Travel grant
1
Software
0.6
Total
25.7
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
81
82
Social Sciences Division, ISI
Social Sciences Division Office
Non-project Plan proposal for the year 2014-15
Social Sciences Division Office
Item
Visiting Scientists
Computer Consumables
Office Expenditure
Travel for Academic Purpose
Maintenance
Capital Expenditure
Revenew
20.000
1.000
2.000
4.000
1.000
Total:
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
28.000
Capital
5.000
5.000
Total
20.000
1.000
2.000
4.000
1.000
5.000
33.000
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
83
Social Sciences Division, ISI
84
List of
Publications of
DCSW Members:
2008 – 2013
Scientific Papers published in journals over the last five years
Srl No.
1
Unit
Economic Research Unit
………………………..
Page No.
84
2
Linguistic Research Unit
………………………..
92
3
Population Studies Unit
………………………..
94
4
Psychology Research Unit
………………………..
95
5
Sociological Research Unit
………………………..
97
6
Sampliing & Official Statistics Unit
………………………..
100
7
Economics & Planning Unit, Delhi Centre
………………………..
104
8
Economic Analysis Unit, Bangalore Centre
………………………..
108
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
85
Economic Research Unit
Name of the
Scientist(s)
Priyadarshi Banerjee
Priyadarshi Banerjee
Priyadarshi Banerjee
Priyadarshi Banerjee
Brati Sankar,
Chakraborty
Brati Sankar,
Chakraborty
Title of the Scientific
Paper
Conflict and Consensus: A
Theory of Control in
Organisations
Delegating Authority to a
Dishonest Agent
Name of the
Journal
B.E.J. Topics in
Theoretical
Economics
Contemporary Issues
and Ideas in Social
Sciences
Team Incentive Contracts
Contemporary Issues
with Interim Private
and Ideas in Social
Information
Sciences
Hidden Action Principal-Agent Contemporary Issues
Problems with Endogenous
and Ideas in Social
Signal Precision
Sciences
Year, Vol., Issue No.,
Page Nos. of Publication
2008, Vol. 8, No. 1,
Article 4
Capital Inflow under
Voluntary Export Restraint
Protection and Real
Rewards: Some Antinomies
2008, Vol. 59,
No. 4, Pp. 633-655
2009, Vol. 14,
No. 1, Pp. 56-70
Satya R. Chakravarty, On the Watts
Jacques Silber and Multidimensional Poverty
Joseph Deutsch
Index and its
Decomposition
Millennium Development
Satya R. Chakravarty
Goals: Measuring Progress
and Amita Majumder
Metroeconomica
Pacific Economic
Review
World
Development
Journal of Human
Development
2008, Vol. 4, No. 2,
2008, Vol. 4, No. 3,
2009, Vol. 5, No. 2,
2008, Vol.36,
Pp.1067-1077
2008, Vol. 9, No. 1,
Pp. 109-129.
towards Their Achievements
Rana Barua, Satya R. Minimal-Axiom
Chakravarty and Palash Characterization of the
Sarkar
Coleman and Banzhaf
Indices of Voting Power
Satya R. Chakravarty
Equity and Efficiency as
Components of a Social
Welfare Function’
Rana Barua, Satya R. A Note on the CarrerasChakravarty and Sonali Coleman Decisiveness
Roy
Index
Satya R. Chakravarty
Deprivation, Inequality and
Welfare
Satya R. Chakravarty
Subgroup Decomposable
and Swami
Intermediate Indices of
Tayagarupananda
Inequality
Satya R. Chakravarty and Polarization Ordering of
Conchita D’Ambrosio
Income Distributions
Satya R. Chakravarty
A Reconsideration of the
Tradeoffs in the New
Human Development Index
Satya R. Chakravarty
On Tradeoffs in the Human
Development Indices
Satya R. Chakravarty Measuring Ethnic
and Bhargav Maharaj
Polarization
Satya R. Chakravarty Subgroup
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Mathematical
Social Sciences
2009, Vol.58,
Pp. 367-375
2009, Vol.5, Pp.181-199
International
Journal of
Economic Theory
International Game 2009, Vol. 11,
Pp 237-245
Theory Review
Japanese Economic
Review
Spanish Economic
Review
2009, Vol. 60,
Pp.172-190.
2009. Vol. 11,
Pp. 83-97
Review of Income
and Wealth
Journal of
Economic
Inequality
2010, Vol.56,
Pp.47-64
2011, Vol.9,
Pp.471-474
Indian Journal of
Human Development
2011, Vol.5,
Pp.517-525
2011,Vol.37,
Pp.431-452
Social Choice and
Welfare
Social Sciences Division, ISI
86
and Bhargav Maharaj
Decomposable Inequality
Indices and Reduced-Form
Indices of Polarization
Satya R. Chakravarty Stochastic
Dominance
and C. Zoli
Relations
for
Integer
Variables
R. Barua,
Measuring P-Power of
Satya R. Chakravarty Voting
and P.Sarkar
Satya R. Chakravarty,
Poverty and Time
W. Bossert and
C. D’Ambrosio
Satya R. Chakravarty Ethnic Polarization
and Bhargav Maharaj
Orderings and Indices
Keio Economic
Studies
2011,Vol. 47,
Pp.57-83
Journal of
Economic Theory
2012, Vol.147,
Pp.1331-1341
Journal of Economic
Theory and Social
Development
2012, Vol.1,
Pp.81-91
Journal of
Economic
Inequality
2012, Vol. 10,
Pp.145-162.
Journal of Economic
Interaction and
Coordination
2012, Vol.7,
Pp. 99-123
Satya R. Chakravarty,
W. Bossert and
C. D’Ambrosio
Multidimensional Poverty
and Material Deprivation
with Discrete Data
Review of Income
and Wealth
2013, Vol.59,
Pp.29-43
Indraneel Dasgupta
Supply Theory sans Profit
Maximization
2009, Vol. 9, No. 1,
Article 26
Indraneel Dasgupta
Living Wage, Class
Conflict and Ethnic Strife
The B.E. Journal of
Theoretical
Economics:
Contributions
Journal of Economic
Behavior and
Organization
The B.E. Journal of
Theoretical
Economics:
Contributions
Journal of Economic
Inequality
Indraneel Dasgupta and Revealed Preference with
P.K. Pattanaik
Stochastic Demand
Correspondence
Indraneel Dasgupta and
R. Kanbur
Indraneel Dasgupta,
S. Bougheas and O.
Morrissey
Does Philanthropy Reduce
Inequality?
Repayment vs. Investment
Conditions and Exclusivity
in Lending Contracts
Indraneel Dasgupta
Mother or Child? Intrahousehold redistribution under
gender asymmetric altruism
Indraneel Dasgupta
Contraction Consistent
Stochastic Choice
Correspondence”
Samarjit Das and
J. Breitung
Samarjit Das and
K. Bhattacharya
Testing for Unit Roots in
Panels with a Factor Structure
Saswati Das
Income Distribution and Social
Welfare: A Temporal Analysis
of the Rural Indian Experience
Saswati Das
Human Well Being: A Social Indicators
Decile Group Analysis on Research
Indian Household Data
Role of Parental Education in
Social Indicators
Schooling and Child Labour
Research
Saswati Das and
Diganta Mukherjee
Price Convergence across
Regions in India
Decision: Urban India in the
Last Decade
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Journal of
Institutional and
Theoretical
Economics
Journal of
Globalization and
Development
Social Choice and
Welfare
2009, Vol. 72, No. 2,
Pp. 750-765.
2010, Vol. 10, No. 1,
Article 35.
2011, Vol. 9, No. 1,
Pp. 1-21
2011, Vol. 167, No. 2,
Pp. 247-265
2011, Vol. 2, No. 1,
Article 2
2011, Vol.37, No.4,
Pp. 643-658.
Econometric
Theory
Empirical
Economics
2008, Vol. 24,
Pp. 88-108
2008, Vol. 34,
Pp. 299-313
Social Development
Issues
2008, Vol. 30,
No. 2, Pp. 90-101.
2008, Vol. 87,
No. 3, Pp. 461-472.
2008, Vol. 89,
No. 2, Pp. 305-322.
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
Saswati Das & Diganta
Mukherjee
Measuring Deprivation due to
Child Work and Child Labour:
A study for Indian Children
Saswati Das
Incidence of Child Labour
and Child Schooling in
India: Pattern and
Determinants
87
Child Indicators
Research
2011, Vol. 4, No. 3, Pp.
453-466.
International
Scholarly Research
Network
Economics
Child Labour and Child work: Indian Journal of
Pattern,
Deprivation
and Labour Economics
2012, Vol. 2012,
Buddhadeb Ghosh and
P. De
Reassessing Transaction Costs
of Trade at the IndiaBangladesh Border
Economic &
Political Weekly
2008, Vol. XLIII, No. 29,
Pp. 69-79.
Chandana Das and
Ambar Ghosh
Skill Acquisition in LDCs
India
Macroeconomics
Annual
2008,
Pp. 107 – 117.
Chandana Das and
Ambar Ghosh
Technological Progress,
Ability and Skill
Acquisition in LDCs
Modern Theories of
Growth: A Critique
Contemporary
Issues and Ideas in
Social Sciences
The India
Economy Review
2009,
Pp. 1 – 20.
Manash Ranjan Gupta Innovation, Imitation and
and Debasis Mondal
Multinationalisation in a
North-South model: A
Theoretical note
Manash Ranjan Gupta Intellectual Property Rights
and Debasis Mondal
Protection and
Unemployment in a NorthSouth Model: A Theoretical
Analysis
Manash Ranjan Gupta Innovation, Imitation and
and Debasis Mondal
Intellectual Property Rights:
Introducing Migration into
Helpman’s Model
Manash Ranjan Gupta
Endogenous Imitation and
and Debasis Mondal
Endogenous Growth In a
North-South Model: A
Theoretical Analysis
Manash Ranjan Gupta Human capital, inequality,
growth
and
and
Bidisha endogenous
education
subsidy,
A
Chakraborty
Journal of
Economics
2008, Vol. 94,
No. 1, Pp. 31-62.
Economic
Modelling
2008, Vol. 25,
No. 3, Pp. 463-484.
Japan and the
World Economy
2008, Vol. 20,
No. 3, Pp. 369-394.
Journal of
Macroeconomics
2009. Vol. 31, No. 4,
Pp. 668 – 684.
Research in
Economics
2009, Vol. 63, No. 2,
Pp. 77 – 90.
Manash Ranjan Gupta
and Trishita Ray
Barman
Manash Ranjan Gupta
and Trishita Ray
Barman
Manash Ranjan Gupta
and P.B. Dutta
Fiscal policies,
environmental pollution and
economic growth
Public expenditure,
environment, and economic
growth
Economic
Modelling
2009, Vol. 26, No. 5,
Pp. 1018 – 1028.
Journal of Public
Economic Theory
2010, Vol. 12, No. 6,
Pp. 1109 – 1134.
Manash Ranjan Gupta
and P.B. Dutta
Skilled-unskilled wage
inequality: A general
equilibrium analysis
Saswati Das
doi:10.5402/2012/429506.
2012, Vol.55, No. 2,
Pp. 307-333
Determinants
Chandana Das and
Ambar Ghosh
theoretical analysis
Skilled-unskilled wage
inequality, nontraded good and
endogenous supply of skilled
labour: A theoretical analysis
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Economic
Modelling
Research in
Economics
2009, Vol. 7,
Pp. 101 – 111.
2010, Vol. 27,
Pp. 923 – 934.
2010, Vol. 64,
Pp. 247 – 263.
Social Sciences Division, ISI
88
Manash Ranjan Gupta
and P.B. Dutta
Skilled-unskilled
wage
inequality and unemployment:
a general equilibrium analysis
Manash Ranjan Gupta
and P.B. Dutta
Skilled-unskilled wage
inequality, product variety,
public input and increasing
returns: a static general
equilibrium analysis
Tarun Kabiraj and
P. Roy Chowdhury
Adoption of New
Technology and Joint
Venture Instability
Foreign-owned New
Subsidiary and Existing
Joint Venture: Competition
Policy and National Welfare
Preemptive merger in a
composite good framework
Optimal Patent Length in a
north-south framework: A
comment
Technology transfer in a
duopoly with horizontal and
vertical product
differentiation
Licensing contracts in
Hotelling Structure
Tariff induced fee licensing
and consumers’ welfare
Research in
International
Business and Finance
2008, Vol. 22, No.2,
Pp. 108-123
India
Macroeconomics
Annual
2008, Pp.119-143
Indian Growth and
Development Review
2009, Vol. 2, No. 2,
Pp. 141-154
2011, Vol. 56, No. 1,
Pp. 51-59
Stochastic Modeling of
Buying Behaviour of Indian
Customers
Existence of the BLUE for
Finite Population Mean
under Multiple Imputation
Calcutta Statistical
Association
Bulletin
Pulakesh Maiti and
T.P. Tripathi
A Note on Optimum Inclusion
Probabilities in WORSampling Scheme Based on
Super-Population Model
Pakistan Journal of
Statistics
2009, Vol. XX(X), Pp.17
Pulakesh Maiti and
T.P. Tripathi
Some Improved Variance
Estimators from a Bivariate
Non-normal Population
Estimation of non sampling
variance components under
the linear model approach,
Pakistan Journal of
Statistics
2009, Vol. XX(X), Pp. 130
Statistics in
Transition-New
Series Journal of
Polish Statistical
Association
2010, Vol. 10,
Pp. 193 – 222.
Amita Majumder and
Satya R. Chakravarty
Millennium Development
Goals: Measuring Progress
towards their Achievements
Journal of Human
Development
2008, Vol. 9, No.1,
Pp.109-129.
Amita Majumder,
Dipankor Coondoo,
Alternative Approaches to
Measuring Temporal
Contemporary
Issues and Ideas in
2008, Vol.4, No.1, April.
Tarun Kabiraj and
S. Marjit
Tarun Kabiraj and
M. Chaudhuri
Tarun Kabiraj and
S. Banerjee
Tarun Kabiraj
and C.C. Lee
Tarun Kabiraj
and Ching Chyi Lee
Tarun Kabiraj
Pulakesh Maiti
Pulakesh Maiti
Pulakesh Maiti
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Economic
Modelling
Economic
Modelling
Singapore
Economic Review
2011, Vol. 28,
Pp. 1977 – 1983.
2012, Vol. 29,
Pp. 502 – 513.
Trade and
Development
Review
2011, Vol. 4, No. 1,
Pp. 19 – 40.
Theoretical
Economics Letters
2011, Vol. 1, No. 3, Pp.
57 – 62.
2013, Vol. 6, No. 1,
Forthcoming.
Journal of
International
Business and Finance
Statistics in
Transition New
Series, Journal of
Polish Statistical
Assoc.
2008, Vol. 60,
No.237 -238,
Pp. 111-122
2008, Vol. 9,
Pp. 233 – 258.
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
Geoffrey Lancaster and
Ranjan Ray
Amita Majumder,
Nachiketa
Chattopadhyay and
Dipankor Coondoo
Amita Majumder,
Snigdha Chakrabarti
and Subhendu
Chakrabarti
Amita Majumder
Amita Majumder,
Somnath
Chattopadhyay and
Dipankor Coondoo
Amita Majumder,
Somnath
Chattopadhyay and
Dipankor Coondoo
Amita Majumder
Ranjan Ray and
Kompal Sinha
Amita Majumder,
Somnath
Chattopadhyay and
Hasanur Jaman
Amita Majumder
Ranjan Ray and
Kompal Sinha
Amita Majumder
Manipushpak Mitra
and
Axel Gautier
Manipushpak Mitra,
Anirban Kar and
Suresh Mutuswami
Manipushpak Mitra,
Anindya Sundar
Chakrabarti,
Bikas K. Chakrabarti
and
Arnab Chatterjee
Changes in Poverty with
Application to India
Demand Threshold, Zero
Expenditure and
Hierarchical Model of
Consumer Demand
Public -Community
Participation in Household
Waste Management in India:
An Operational Approach
A Characterization of the
Composite Price Variable to
Approximate a Price
Aggregator Function in the
Quadratic Almost Ideal
Demand System
Estimating Spatial
Consumer Price Indices
Through Engel Curve
Analysis
District-Level Poverty
Estimation: A Proposed
Method
The Calculation of Rural
Urban Food Price
Differentials from Unit
Values in Household
Expenditure Surveys: a new
procedure and comparison
with existing Methods
Decomposition of Inter
regional Poverty Gap in
India: A Spatial Approach
Temporal Comparisons of
Prices, Expenditure and
Growth in India: A Statewise Analysis
89
Social Sciences,
[Web Journal]
Metroeconomica
Habitat
International
Economics
Bulletin
2009, Vol. 60, No.1, Pp.
91-118.
2009, Vol. 33, No.1
Pp. 125-130.
2009, Vol. 29, No.3,
Pp. 2051-2055
Review of Income
and Wealth
2011, Vo. 57, No. 1,
Pp. 138 – 155.
Journal of Applied
Statistics
2011, Vol. 38, No. 10,
Pp. 2327 – 2343.
American Journal
of Agricultural
Economics
2012, Vol. 94, No. 5,
Pp. 1218 – 1235.
Empirical
Economics
2013, (DOI
10.1007/s00181-0130683-8)
Indian Growth and
Development
Review
Forthcoming
Sarvekshana
Forthcoming
Regulation of an open
access essential facility
Economica
On the coincidence of the
prenucleolus and the
Shapley Value
The Kolkata Paise
Restaurant Problem and
Resource Utilization
Mathematical
Social Sciences
2008, Vol. 75,
No. 300,
Pp. 662-682.
2009, Vol. 57,
No. 1, pp. 16-25
Physica A
2009, Vol. 388,
Pp. 2420-2426.
Methodology for Compilation
of Spatial Price Iindices to
Depict the Differentials across
Different States/UTs and
Major Cities’
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Social Sciences Division, ISI
90
Manipushpak Mitra,
Asim Ghosh,
Bikas K. Chakrabarti and
Arnab Chatterjee
Statistics of the Kolkata
Paise Restaurant Problem.
Manipushpak Mitra
and
Arunava Sen
Efficient Allocation of
Heterogenous Commodities
with Balanced Transfers.
Comparing Bertrand and
Cournot in Mixed Markets.
Group Strategyproofness in
Queueing Models.
Manipushpak Mitra and
Arghya Ghosh
New Journal of
Physics
2010, Vol. 12 (075033)
2010, Vol. 35, Pp.29-48.
Social Choice and
Welfare
Economic Letters
Games and
Economic Behavior
2010, Vol. 109,
Pp. 72-74.
2011, Vol. 72, Pp.242254.
P. Bharati, S. Bharati, Chronic Energy Deficiency
Manoranjan
Pal,
S. Among Indian Women by
Chakraborty and R. Gupta Residential Status
Ecology of Food
and Nutrition
2008, Vol. 47,
Pp. 170–187.
S. Chakrabarty,
Manoranjan Pal,
S. Bharati and P. Bharati
Body form and Nutritional
Status among Adult Males of
Different Social Groups in
Orissa and Bihar States in
India
HOMO, —Journal
of Comparative
Human Biology
2008, Vol. 59,
Pp. 235–251.
P. Bharati, Suparna
Som,
Suman
Chakrabarty
Susmita Bharati and
Manoranjan Pal
Premananda Bharati
Manoranjan Pal and
Susmita Bharati
Prevalence of Anemia and
Its Determinants Among
Non-pregnant and Pregnant
Women in India
Asia-Pacific
Journal of Public
Health
2008, Vol. 20,
No. 4, Pp. 347-359.
How Parents’ Education
and Working Status Affect
the nutrition and
Immunization Status of
Preschool Children in India
Determinants of Nutritional
Status of Pre-School
Children In India
Asian Pac. J. of
Trop. Med.
2008, Vol. 1, No. 4,
Pp. 49-60.
J. Biosoc. Sci
2008, Vol. 40,
Pp. 801–814.
Growth and nutritional
status of pre-school children
in India: rural-urban and
gender differences
Collegium
Anthropologicum
2009, Vol.33, No. 1,
Pp. 7 – 21.
Manipushpak Mitraand
Suresh Mutuswami
Susmita Bharati
Manoranjan Pal and
Premananda Bharati
Premananda Bharati
Susmita Bharati
Manoranjan Pal
Suman Chakrabarty
Suparna Som and
Ranjan Gupta
Premananda Bharati
Suparna Som
Suman Chakrabarty
Susmita Bharati and
Manoranjan Pal
S. Bharati
S. Chakrabarty
S. Som, M. Pal and
P. Bharati
M. Bandyopadhyay
A. Bhakta
S. Chakrabarty
M. Pal and
P. Bharati
Manoranjan
Pal,
Bharati, S. Som, and
S. Chakrabarty
Burden of anemia and its Food and Nutrition
socioeconomic
Bulletin of the
determinants among
United Nations
adolescent girls in India
University
2009, Vol. 30, No. 3,
Pp. 217 – 226.
Socio-economic
Determinants of
Underweight Children in
West Bengal, India
Clinical and bacteriological
correlates of whole blood
interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in
newly detected cases of
pulmonary TB
Asian Pacific
Journal of Tropical
Medicine
2010,
Pp. 322 - 327.
Asian Pacific
Journal of Tropical
Medicine
2010,
Pp. 224 – 231.
Singapore Med. J.
2010, Vol. 51, No. 5,
Pp. 406 – 412.
P. Socioeconomic impact on
child immunisation in the
districts of West Bengal, India
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
S. Bharati, M. Pal and
P. Bharati
91
Height and weight of preschool
children:
A
comparison between two
National Family Health
Surveys in India, 5(1-2), pp.
15-27, March-Sept., 2010.
Do Socio-economic
Development and
Improvement of Health Go
Together? A Comparison
among Indian States 40(4),
pp. 525-543, Dec. 2010
Influence of Ethnicity,
Geography and Climate on
the Variation of Stature
among Indian Populations
2010, Vol. 5, No. 1-2,
Journal of
Empirical Research Pp. 15 – 27.
in Social Science
Coll. Anthropol.
2010, Vol. 34, No. 4,
Pp. 1207 – 1213.
Utpal Kumar De and
Manoranjan Pal
Dimensions of Globalization
and their Effects on Economic
Growth
and
Human
Development
Asian Economic
and Financial
Review
2011, Vol.1, No.1,
Pp. 1-13
S. Bharati, M. Pal,
S. Chakrabarty and
P. Bharati
Trends in Socio-Economic Asia Pacific
and
Journal of Public
Nutritional Status of Under Health
Six Children in India Vol.
23(3), pp. 324–340, 2011.
2011, Vol. 23, No. 3,
Pp. 324 – 340.
Jadab Kumar Pal,
Manoranjan Pal
Hare Ram Tiwari and
Premananda Bharati
Manoranjan Pal,
Jadab Kumar Pal,
Hare Ram Tiwari and
Premananda Bharati
Susmita Bharati,
Suparna Shome,
Manoranjan Pal, Prabir
Chaudhury and
Premananda Bharati
Pronab Sen, Susmita
Bharati, Suparna Som,
Manoranjan Pal and
Premananda Bharati
Utpal Kumar De and
Manoranjan Pal
Risk Factors Associated Journal of Life
with Morbidity Pattern of Science
Working Children
2011, Vol. 3, No. 2,
Pp. 147-156.
What Makes Child Labour
Go to School?
International
Labour
Review
2011, Vol. 150, No. 3–4,
Pp. 375-386.
Is Son Preference Pervasive
in India?
Journal of Gender
Studies
2011, Vol. 20(3),
Pp. 291-298.
Growth and Nutritional Status
of Pre-school Children in
India: A Comparison of Two
Recent Time Periods
Food and Nutrition
Bulletin
2011, Vol. 32(2),
Pp. 84-93.
Suparna Som,
Manoranjan Pal and
Premananda Bharati
Susmita Bharati, Dipak
Mukherji, Manoranjan
Pal, Suparna Som, Dipak
Kumar Adak, TS. Vasulu
and Premananda Bharati
Dipak Kumar Adak,
Manoranjan Pal and
Premananda Bharati
Premananda Bharati,
Manoranjan Pal and
Susmita Bharati
Social Change
Willingness to Pay for
Domestic Water Use: A
Study of Hilly Urban Area
in North-East India
Asian-African
Journal of
Economics and
Econometrics
Anthropological Demography The Anthropology
and its Historical Development
in India
Can Mother’s Education and
Family
Welfare
Reduce
Under-nutrition of Pre-school
Children in India?
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Human Biology
Review
2010, Vol. 40, No. 4,
Pp. 525 – 543.
2011, Vol. 11, No. 2,
Pp. 333-350.
2012, Vol. 2, No. 2,
Pp. 40-55.
2012, Vol. 1, No. 2,
Pp 207-221.
Social Sciences Division, ISI
92
Abhirup Sarkar
Redistribution and Trade in
Agriculture: Are They
Complementary?
Political Stability, Local
Democracy and Clientelism
in Rural West Bengal
On the Political economy of
a backward region
Understanding FDI in
Retail: What can Economic
Principles Teach Us
Metroeconomica
2008, Vol. 59,
No. 2, Pp. 212-237
Economic and
Political Weekly
2009, Vol. XLIV, No. 9,
28, Pp.46-58.
Indian Growth and
Development Review
2010, Vol. 3, No. 1,
Pp. 122 – 137.
2013, Vol. 18, No. 1
Is the Relative Risk
Aversion Parameter
Constant Over Time: A
Multi-Country Study?
Long-Run Predictability in
the Indian Stock Market
Empirical
Economics
2010, Vol. 38,
Pp. 605 – 607.
Finance India
2011, Vol. 25, No. 3
Pp. 817 – 834
Nityananda Sarkar and
Debabrata
Mukhopadhyay
Stock Returns under
Alternative Volatility and
Distributions Assumptions:
The Case for India
International
Econometric
Review
2013, Vol. 5, No. 1,
Pp. 1 – 19.
Chaiti Sharma Biswas
Can employment empower
women more at the
household level in India?
2008, Vol. 3, No. 7,
Pp. 43-51
Snigdha Chakrabarti
and Chaiti Sharma
Biswas
An Exploratory Analysis of
Women’s Empowerment in
India: A Structural Equation
Modelling Approach
The International
Journal of
Interdisciplinary
Social Sciences
Journal of
Development
Studies
Abhirup Sarkar, P.
Bardhan, D. Mookherjee
and S. Mitra
Abhirup Sarkar
Abhirup Sarkar
Nityananda Sarkar and
Samarjit Das
Nityananda Sarkar and
Debabrata
Mukhopadhyay
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Economic and
Political Weekly
2012, Vol. 48.No.1,
Pp.164-180
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
93
Linguistic Research Unit
Probal Dasgupta
 2008. Dasgupta, Probal. Transparency and arbitrariness in natural language: some empirical
issues. Rajendra Singh (ed.) Annual Review of South Asian Languages and Linguistics 2008.
Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. 3-19.
 2008. Dasgupta, Probal. Names, writing and perspective. Journal of Humanities and Social
Sciences 5. 126-34.
 2009. Dasgupta, Probal. Bangla vector verbs and their selectivities. Interdisciplinary Journal of
Linguistics [U. of Kashmir, Srinagar] 2.41-68.
 2010. Dasgupta, Probal. Compositionality, the prose default and poetry: a cognitive approach.
International Journal of Mind, Brain and Cognition 1:2.55-76.
 2011. Dasgupta, Probal. Imperatives, interrogatives and wide scope in Bangla. Indian Linguistics
72:103-112.
 2012. Dasgupta, Probal. Co-representation of linguistic structures. Indian Linguistics 73:1-4.4759.
 2012. Dasgupta, Probal. La politique linguistique et les langues indiennes moins répandues.
Droit et Cultures 63:143-160.
Niladri Sekhar Dash
 Dash, Niladri Sekhar “Toward Lemmatization of Bengali Words for Building Language
Technology Resources”. South Asian Language Review. 2008. Vol. 17. No. 2. Pp. 1-15.
 Dash, Niladri Sekhar “Context and Contextual Word Meaning”. SKASE Journal of Theoretical
Linguistics. 2008. Vol. 5. No. 2. Pp. 21-31.
 Dash, Niladri Sekhar “Corpus Linguistics: An Empirical Approach for Studying a Natural
Language”. Language Forum. 2008. Vol. 34. No. 2. Pp. 1-21.
 Dash, Niladri Sekhar “Linguistic works in Bengali (2001-2007): a brief review”. Annual Review
of South Asian Languages and Linguistics. 2008. Vol. 15. No. 1. Pp. 217-235.
 Dash, Niladri Sekhar, Payel Dutta Chowdhury and Abhisek Sarkar. “Naturalization of English
words in modern Bengali: a corpus-based empirical study”. Language Forum. 2009. Vol. 35. No.
2. Pp. 127-142.
 Dash, Niladri Sekhar and Payel Dutta Chowdhury “Bengali matrimonial classifieds: some
sociolinguistic cues to marital orientation”, Language Forum. 2009. Vol. 35. No. 2. Pp. 34 -52.
 Dash, Niladri Sekhar “Corpus linguistics: a time-tested strategy for studying a natural language”.
Language Forum. 2009. Vol. 35. No. 2. July-Dec. Pp. 5-18.
 Dash, Niladri Sekhar “Relevance of electronically developed dialect corpora in dialectology”.
Indian Linguistics. 2009. Vol. 70. No, 1-4. Pp. 91-101.
 Dash, Niladri Sekhar “Linguistic tasks on translation corpora for developing resources for
manual and machine translation”, SKASE Journal of Theoretical Linguistics, 2010. Vol. 7. No. 2.
Pp. 2-18.
 Dash, Niladri Sekhar “Translation Corpora and Machine Aided Translation”, Translation Today,
2010. Vol. 6. No. 1-2. Pp. 134-153.
 Dash, Niladri Sekhar “Use of English corpora as a primary resource to teach English to the
Bengali learners”. Indian Journal of Applied Linguistics. 2011. Vol. 37. No. 1. Pp. 7-18.
 Dash, Niladri Sekhar “The Bengali Script and the Unicode”. Print Out. Vol. 2. No. 8. Pp. 1-16.
 Dash, Niladri Sekhar “Some physical advantages of an electronic dictionary”. Indian Linguistics.
2011. Vol. 71. No. 1-4. Pp. 93-102.
 Dash, Niladri Sekhar “Baidyutin Bangla Abhdhan tairi karar kichu samasya”. Alochana Chakra.
2012. Vol. 32. Pp. 166-178.
 Dash, Niladri Sekhar “Lexical Generativity of Bengali Prefixes: A Corpus Based Investigation”.
Sino-US English Teaching. 2012. Vol. 9. No. 5. Pp. 1171-1180.
 Dash, Niladri Sekhar “Language Specific Synsets in Bengali: Some Empirical Explorations”.
Journal of Advanced Linguistic Studies. 2012. Vol. 1. No. 1-2. Pp. 189-207.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
94
Social Sciences Division, ISI
 Dash, Niladri Sekhar and Pronomita Basu “Developing Scientific and Technical Terminology
Database from Electronic Language Corpora”. Language Forum. 2012. Vol. 38. No. 1. Pp. 5-21.
 Dash, Niladri Sekhar “From KCIE to LDC-IL: Some Milestones in NLP Journey in Indian
Multilingual Panorama”. Indian Linguistics. 2012. Vol. 73. No. 1-4. Pp. 129-146.
 Dash, Niladri Sekhar “Linguistic Divergences in English to Bengali Translation”. International
Journal of English Linguistics. 2013. Vol. 3. No. 1. Pp. 31-40.
 Dash, Niladri Sekhar “English Language Corpora as a Secondary ELT Resource for Indian
Learners”. Sino-US English Teaching. 2013. Vol. 10. No. 1. Pp. 10-22.
 Dash, Niladri Sekhar “Part-of-Speech (POS) Tagging in Bengali Written Text Corpus”. Journal
of Linguistics and Technology. 2013. Vol. 1. No. 1. Pp. 53-96.
 Dash, Niladri Sekhar (2013) Bangla Bhasay Pranibachak Shabda Byabaharer Samaj Manstattvik
Ruparekha. Alochana Chakra. Vol. 34. No. 1. Pp. 169-199.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
95
Population Studies Unit
Research Publications in the Population Studies Unit (2008 – 2013)
 Barman, Subhash (2013). Socio-economic and demographic differentials of contraceptive usage
in Indian states: A study based on NFHS data, Journal of Human Ecology, 42(1), 53-68.
 Barman, Subhash (2013). Socio-economic and demographic determinants of unmet need for
family planning in India and its consequences, Research on Humanities and Social Sciences,
3(3), 62-75.
 Barman, Subhash (2011). Socio-economic and demographic impact on child labour in India,
Journal of Alternative Perspectives in the Social Sciences, 3(2), 376-403.
 Barman, Subhash (2010). Parental education, parental death, poverty and socio-economic impact
on school attendance status of children in India, Academic Leadership, 8(4).
 Barman, Subhash (2009). Role of the elected panchayat samity members in national health and
family welfare programs- A Case Study, The Qualitative Report, 14(1), 20-41.
 Barman, Subhash (2009). Socio-economic status of the scheduled castes, scheduled tribes and
other backward classes in India, Voice of Dalit, 2(1), 99-126.
 Barman, Subhash (2008). Role of gram panchayat members in improving child immunisation
and maternal-child health programmes, Bharatiya Samajik Bichintan, 7(1), 63-72.
 Datta Pranati (2011 ). Female Trafficking and Illegal Migration from Bangladesh to India,
Pakistan Journal of Women Studies, 18(1), 47-62.
 Datta Pranati (2011). Trafficking and Illegal Female Nepali Migration in India, International
Journal of Afro Asian Studies, 2(1), 34-44.
 Datta, Pranati. (2011). Immigration from Bangladesh to India : Causes,Consequences and Policy,
International Journal of Mainstream Social Sciences, 1(2), 11-22.
 Datta Pranati (2010). Urbanisation and Environment, Geography and You, 10(60), 6-10.
 Datta Pranati (2010). Evaluation of Indian Census Data, International Journal of Human
Development and Information System, 3(1&2), 27-36.
 Datta Pranati (2009). Tribal Fertility by Parity Progression Ratio in India and Madhya Pradesh ,
The Oriental Anthropologist, A Bi-Annual International Journal of the Science of Man, 9(1),
23-36.
 De, Partha, Dhar, Arpita (2013) Inequality in Child Mortality across different States of India: A
Comparative Study; Journal of Child Health Care, Sage Publications, London, United Kingdom
(Online First publication). DOI: 10.1177/1367493512468359, http://chc.sagepub.com/
content/early/recent.
 De, Partha, Dhar, Arpita, Bhattacharya, B.N. (2012) Efficiency of Health Care System in India:
An Inter-State Analysis using DEA Approach; Social Work in Public Health, Vol. 27, Issue 5,
pp. 482-506, Taylor & Francis, Routledge.
 Datta Pranati, Sadhu Swati, Bhattacharya B.N., Majumdar P.K., (2008, Oct-Dec) Demographic
Effects of Forced Illegal Migration from Bangladesh to West Bengal : A Quantitative Study.
Dialogue, A Journal of Astha Bharati, Vol 10, No. 2, New Delhi, India. Pp 144-156.
 Pasupuleti, Samba Siva Rao and Pathak Prasanta [2010] “Special form of Gompertz model and
its application”, Genus, Vol. LXVI, No.2, p. 95-125.
 Pasupuleti, Samba Siva Rao and Pathak, Prasanta [2010] “Spatial and Temporal Changes in
Fertility Behavior of Indian Women Cohorts”, Genus, Vol. LXVI, No.3, p. 69-92.
 Pathak, Prasanta and Chakraborty, Sonali [2009] “Statistical Models for Finding out
Determinants of Potentiality to Get Absorbed in Jobs for Different Categories of Labour in Three
North Indian States” , Indian Journal of Regional Science, Vol. XXXXI, No.1, p.91-102.
 Kumar, Santosh, Pathak, Prasanta and Gupta, S.D. 2008. Assessment of Sustainable Health
Care Quality: A Study of State Owned Tertiary Care Hospital, Journal of Cooperation among
University, Research and Industrial Enterprises, Vol.1, No.3, BITS, Pilani, India.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
96
Social Sciences Division, ISI
Psychology Research Unit
D. Dutta Roy (Assistant Professor)
 Dutta Roy,D.(2009) - Construct validity of writing motivation questionnaire. International
Journal of Psychological Research , (published from USA) 3,2,(in print)
 Dutta Roy, D. and Basu, K. (2010). Autistic behaviour analysis: Pre-post and repeated measure
design. PSYBER NEWS: International Psychology Research Publication, 1, 4, 39-46.
 Roy, A. and Dutta Roy,D.(2010). Predicting cash flow of Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan in West
Bengal: An exploratory study of public finance. Journal of Management research in Emerging
economics. Vol.1.1. 60-69.
 Dutta Roy, D.(2010).Cluster Analysis for Test-Retest Reliability. International Journal of
Psychological Research ,(published from USA). 3,1,132-140.
 Dutta Roy, D.(2011).Construct validity of Reading motivation. Journal of the Indian Academy of
Applied Psychology, vol.37,No. 1, 106-113.
 Dutta Roy, D. and Mondal,A. (2010). Information organization errors in backward digit span
task. PSYBER NEWS: International Psychology Research Publication,1, 3, 43-49.
 Ganguly, A. and Dutta Roy,D. (2010). Web Content analysis to study researches on
entrepreneurial psychology. PSYBER NEWS: International Psychology Research Publication,1,
2, 27-31.
 Dutta Roy, D. (2009). Self-efficacy of Agricultural farmers: A case study. Journal of the Indian
Academy of Applied Psychology, 35, 2, 323-328.
 Dutta Roy, D. (2008). Assessing Validity of Web-Based Computer Adaptive Training Modules,
Journal Of The Indian Academy of Applied Psychology, Vol. 34, No.1, January, 127-136.
 Dutta Roy, D.(2006). Clusturing academic profiles of tribal and non-tribal school students of
Manipur. Journal of Psychometry, 20,2, 1-12.
 Dutta Roy, D. (2006). Managing Incentive for Innovation, Effective Executive, 8, 11, 87-90.
 Dutta Roy, D.(2006). Managing school infrastructure for indigenous people in hills of Manipur,
The Vision, Journal of Management and Allied Sciences, 2,1, 27-32.
 Dutta Roy, D. (2006).Psychological distress and body weight in Antarctic expedition, Indian
Journal of Applied Psychology, 43, April, 63-69.
 Dutta Roy, D. (2006). Development of picture drawing test to assess consciousness layers of
tribal children of Tripura, Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology,Vol. 32, No. 1,
20-25
Anjali Ghosh (Professor)
 Ghosh, A. - Academic Self-Efficacy and Achievement in a Group of siblings of Primary Schools.
Psychological Studies, 2007, Vol.52, No.4, 364-371.
 Basak, R. & Ghosh, A. – Ego-Identity Status and Its relationship with self-esteem in a Group of
Late Adolescents, Journal of The Indian Academy of Applied Psychology, 2008, 34, 2, 337-344.
 Ghosh, A. (with Shaikh F.A) – Perceived Social Support and Recovery from Substance Abuse: A
Qualitative Enquiry, Indian Journal of Community Psychology, 2008, 4, 2, 131-143.
 Ghosh, A. (with Matsumoto, D. et al.) – Mapping Expressive Differences Around the World: The
Relationship Between Emotional Display Rules and Individualism Versus Collectivism, Journal
of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Sage USA, 2008, 39, 55-74.
 Ghosh, A. – Transactive Memory self-construal and subjective well-being in a group of Indian
couples. Interpersona, 2008, 2 (2), 173-192.
 Basak, R. & Ghosh, A. – Relation of Parental Education and Occupation with Mathematics Selfefficacy and Achievement of Students, Journal of Education and Psychological Studies, 2010,
4(1), 1-7.
 Ghosh, A. – Expressive Differences for Emotions In Visually Challenged and Normal
Individuals, International Journal of Arts and Sciences, 2010, 3(15), 255-265.
 Ghosh, A. – (with Sinha, J.B.P. and others) – An Exploration of the Indian Mindset,
Psychological Studies, 2010, 55(1), 3-17.
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 Shaikh, F.A. & Ghosh, A. – Exploring Life Meaningfulness and Its Psychosocial Correlates
Among Recovering Substance Users – An Indian Perspective. World Academy of Science,
Engineering and Technology, 2010, 66, 1012-1017.
 Basak, R. & Ghosh, A. – Self-efficacy, Locus of Control and Job Satisfaction of School
Teachers. Indian Journal of Health & Well-being, 2010, 1, 1-2, 34-35.
 Shaikh, F.A., Ghosh, A. & Azam, A.A.S. – Determinants of Perceived Social Support among
Recovering Substance Users in Kolkata. Journal of Health & Well-being, 2010, 1, 1-2, 65-69.
 Basak,R. & Ghosh, A.-Do Personality Traits have Influence on Self-Efficacy Belief of School
Teachers ? Indian Journal of Positive Psychology, 2010, 2 (1), 43-45.
 Shaikh, F.A., & Ghosh, A.- Measuring Meaning Beyond Substance Use : Emperical
Understanding of the Concept among Kolkata Substance Absuers. IndianJournal of Positive
Psychology, 2010, 2(1), 39-42.
 Basak, R. & Ghosh, A.- School Environment and Locus of Control in Relation to Job
Satisfaction Among School Teachers – A study from Indian Perspective, Procedia-Social &
Behavioural Sciences, Elsevier Ltd, 2011, 29,1199-1208.
 Shaikh, F.A., & Ghosh, A. -Effect of Social Support and Self-efficacy on Depression among
recovering Substance Users. Journal of Psychosocial Research, 2011, 6(2),211-219.
 Ghosh, Anjali: Individualist-Collectivist Orientations and Achievement value in college
students. Journal of Transpersonel Research, 2012, 4(1), 39 - 46,
Rumki Gupta (Associate Scientist ‘C’)
 Gupta Rumki and Panja Sanghamitra (2008-2009) - Gender and Religion Bias on the Academic
Achievement of the students of Class X Level, Journal of Education and Psychology, 65, 1- 4, 17
- 29.
 Gupta Rumki (2010) - Empowerment and Gender Difference in Education Status. Delhi
Business Review, 11, 1, 55 - 60.
 Gupta Rumki (2010) - Opinion Survey on Curriculum, Performance in Madhyamik Vis-à-vis
Higher Secondary Level. Gorakhpur Social Scientist, 1, 2, 20 - 28.
 Gupta Rumki and Dhara Jayeta (2010) - Dimensions of Self-Concept: A Factor Analytic Study.
Indian Journal of Social Science Researches, 7, 2, 92-99.
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Social Sciences Division, ISI
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Sociological Research Unit (SRU)
Bhola Nath Ghosh
Papers published in journals:
 2009: “Milk-Co-operatives and Rural Development in West Bengal: A few issues”, (with
Ranjit Karmakar), in South Asian Anthropologist, Volume 9, Number 2, page 167-176, Serial
Publications, New Delhi.
 2009: "Empowerment of Khasi Women in Meghalaya: A Case study", (with Jyoita Roy
Choudhury), in Journal of Empirical Research in Social Sciences, Vol. 4, No. 1-2, MarchSeptember, Page 68-81, Assam.
 2010: “Democratic Centralism., Party Hegemony and Decentralization in West Bengal”,
(with Partha N. Mukherji), Sociological Bulletin, 59 (2), May- August, page 1-17, ISSN; 00380229, New Delhi.
 2010: “Empowerment of Women: A study inTripura & Meghalaya”, in, South Asian
Anthropologist, Volume 10, Number 1, page 11-28, March, Serial Publications, New Delhi.
 2010: “Manab Nirapattya, Manbadhikar Abang Unnayan”, (with Ranjit karmakar),.in,
Samaj Tattya, June, Vol. 16, Issue-1, Pp. 39-41, ISSN 0975-9980, A Bi-lingual Half-yearly
Journal of Sociology, Kolkata.
 2010: “Gender Empowerment, Deprivation and Poverty in Rural Jharkhand: A Case
Study”, (with N.Sen,& U.K.De), in International Journal of Current Research, Vol. II, Page
107-116, December, ISSN: 0975-833X, available online at http:// www.journalcra.com.
 2010: “Creation in Rural Areas”, in Samaj-Tattya, Vol.16, Issue -2, December 2010, Page
60-67, ISSN 0975-9980, A Bi-lingual Half-yearly Journal of Sociology, Kolkata.
 2010: “Status and Role of Women in the Rural Khasi Society of Meghalaya”, with Utpal
Kumar De, in, North- East India Council for Social Science Research (NEICSSR), in the
Volume No. 34, No. 2, Page. 1 -17, October, Shillong, Meghalaya, ISBN: 0970-7913.
 2011: “Women in Information Communication Technology” (with Asmita Bhattacharyya), in,
Asian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol. 2, Issue 3, Page 006- 014, March 2011, ISSN:
0976- 3376, Website: www. Journalajst.com.
 2011: “Problems of Education of Scheduled Tribes and Scheduled Castes: A case study in
Kolkata and Surroundings and Medinipur and Surrounding areas”, in Journal US-China
Education Review, David Publishing, USA, June 2011, Volume 8, No.6, ISSN 1548-6613.
 2011: “Helpless Women: In the Context of the Present Fundamentalism & Globalization”,
in Jadavpur University Journal of Sociology, Jadavpur University, Vol. 4, number 4, June
2011, ISSN 0976- 5212, Page, 86-97.
 2011: “Singur: A Case Study for Industrialization”, in South Asian Anthropologist, 2011
(2): 115-120 Serial Publications, New Delhi.
 2012: “Women in Indian Information Technology (IT) Sector: A Sociological Analysis”, in
International Organisation of Scientific Research. (IOSR) Journal of Humanities And
Social Science (JHSS), Volume 3, Issue 6 (November-December, 2012), PP 45-52, ISSN: 22790837, ISBN: 2279-0845, www.Oosrjournals.org, DOI (Digital Object Identifier) number is
10.9790/0837-0364552,check it through www.doi.org
 2012: “Gender differences specially in health: A Case study in Meghalaya and Tripura”, in
IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science (JHSS), Pp. 18-25, ISSN: 2279-0837, ISBN:
2279-0845, 0461825,check it through www.doi.org
 2012: “Co-operatives: A few words”, in Asian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol.4,
Issue, 11. PP. 050-053, ISSN: 0976- 3376, Website: www. Journalajst.com.
 2012: “Concept and Implications of Empowerment of Women in North-East India: A Case
Study”, in, Society Today: An Interdisciplinary of Social Sciences, Vol.2, PP. 1-19,
December 2012, Editor, Anirban Banerji, ISSN 2319-3328, available online at http//
www.society today.
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 2013: “Ethnicity: A Continuum on Education”,(with Sujata Chakraborty), in US-China
Education Review, B Education Theory, Vol. 3, Number -2, PP. 128- 147, ISSN 2161-6248,
David Publishing Company, www.davidpublishing.com, February 2013 (Serial Number 21).
Molly Chattopadhyay and Other Scientific Staff
2008-2009
 Chattopadhyay, Molly: Women Workers in Mica-Manufacturing Industry of Giridih, Jharkhand.
Retrieved January 20, 2008, from Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining in Asia-Pacific Case Study
Series edited by Joel Katz. Website http://www.asmasiapacific.org/ asm_case.php
 Chattopadhyay, Molly and David Seddon. “Life histories and long-term change: Rural
Livelihoods and Gender Relations in a West Bengal Village”, Economic and Political weekly,
Vol. XXXVII, No.49, December 7, 2002, Pp. 4935-4940 reproduced in Towards Empowering
Indian Women: Mapping Specifics of Tasks in Crucial Sectors, edited by R.B.S. Verma, H.S.
Verma and Nadeem Hasnain. New Delhi, Serials Pub., 2008, pp.362-374.
 Bharati, P., Som, S., Chakrabarty, S., Bharati, S and Pal, M. Prevalence of Anaemia and Its
Determinants among Non-Pregnant and Pregnant Women in India. Asia Pacific Journal of Public
Health. 20: 347-359.
 Bharati, P., Bharati, S., Pal, M., Chakroborty, S and Gupta, R. Chronic energy deficiency among
the Indian women by residential status, Ecology Food and Nutrition. 47: 170-187.
 Bharati, S., Pal, M and Bharati, P. Determinants of growth and nutritional status of pre-school
children in India. Journal of Biosocial Science. 40: 801-814.
 Chakrabarty, S., Pal, M., Bharati, S and Bharati, P. Body Mass Index and Nutritional Status of
Adult Males of Orissa and Bihar States in India. Homo-Journal of Comparative Biology. 59:
235-251.
2009-2010
 Chattopadhyay, Molly & Sonali Chakraborty: “Liberalization and Segregation: Changes in the
Pattern of Segregation in the Factory Sector from 1989-90 to 2000-01”, Crossing the Borders,
Vol.2, 2009, Pp. 91-98.
 C.R.Pathak, Chakraborty Sonali, 2009, ‘Statistical models for job Potentiality in different
caregories of Labour in three north Indian States’ Indian Journal of Regional Science, vol
xxxxi,p.p 91-102.
 Bharati, P., Bharati, S., Pal, M., Chakrabarty, S., Som, S and Gupta, R. Growth and Nutritional
Status of Pre-School Children in India: Rural Urban and Gender Differences. Collegium
Antropologicum 33: 7–21.
 Bharati, P., Shome, S., Chakrabarty, S., Bharati, S and Pal, M. Burden of anemia and its
socioeconomic determinants among adolescent girls in India. Food and Nutrition Bulletin. 30:
217-226.
2010-2011
 Bharati, S., Chakrabarty, S., Som, S., Pal, M and Bharati, P. Socio economic determinants of
underweight children in West Bengal, India: A district-wise analysis. Asia Pacific Journal of
Tropical Medicine. 3:322-327.
 Bharati, S., Adak, DK., Som, S., Mukherji, D., Pal, M., Vasulu, TS and Bharati, P. Variation of
Stature in Indian Populations: Influence of Ethnicity, Geography and Climate. Collegium
anthrpopologicum. 34:159-165.
 Som Suparna, Pal Manoranjan and Bharati Premananda. Do Socioeconomic development and
improvement of health go together? A comparison among Indian states. Social Change, 40 (4):
525-543.
 Som S, Pal M , Chakrabarty S, Bharati P. Socio-Economic Impact on Child Immunization in the
Districts of West Bengal, India. Singapore Medical Journal.51(5): 406-412.
 Bharati, S., Pal, M and Bharati, P. Height and weight of pre-school children: A comparison
between two National Family Health Surveys in India. Journal of Empirical Research in Social
Science. 5: 15-27.
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Social Sciences Division, ISI
2011-2012
 Chattopadhyay, Molly: “Women workers in the mica industry: A case study”, Indian Journal of
Gender Studies, October 2011, 18:311-340 (Sage publications).
 Sen Pronab, Bharati Susmita, Som Suparna, Pal Manoranjan and Bharati Premananda. Growth
and nutritional status of pre-school children in india: a study of two recent time periods. Food
and nutrition bulletin, 32 (2): 84 – 93.
 Bharati, S., Shome, S., Pal, M., Chaudhury, P and Bharati, P. Is Son Preference Pervasive in
India? Journal of Gender Studies , 20 (3) : 291-298.
 Bharati, S., Pal, M., Chakrabarty, S and Bharati, P. Trends in Socio-Economic and
Nutritional Status of Children younger than 6 years in India, Asia Pacific Journal of Public
Health, 23.(3) : 324-340.
 Bharati, S,. Pal, M., Bandyopadhyay,M., Bhakta,A., Chakrabarty,S and Bharati, P. Prevalence
and causes of low birth weight in India, Malaysian Journal of Nutrition,17, 301- 313, 2011.
 Jana, Rabindranath: Means and variances of some statistics in simple social network with given
out-degrees, Calcutta Statistical Association Bulletin, Vol.63 (Special 7-th Triennial Proceedings
Volume), 2011(December), Nos. 249-252, pp. 359-369.
2012-2013
 Chattopadhyay, Molly, Sonali Chakraborty and Richard Anker. “Sex Segregation in
India’s Formal Manufacturing Sector”, International Labour Review. Vol. 152/1, March
2013, Pp: 43-58.
 Som Suparna; Ulijaszek, Stanley; Pal, Manoranjan; Bharati, Susmita and Bharati, Premananda.
Variation in height and BMI of adult Indians. Journal of Biosocial Science (in Press).
 Bharati, S., Golam Hossain, M and Bharati, P.: Variability of Human Head Form in India. LAP
Lambert Academic Publishing, Saarbrucken, Germany, pages 168.
 Malnutrition: Twin Burdens of Undernutrition and Overnutrition, Nova Science Publishers,
Inc. Hauppauge, New.York., pp. 165-176.
 Jana, Rabindranath. On Social Networks: formation, data and few analytic techniques. As
invited speaker in the ‘Workshop on Social Networks’, jointly organized by Institute of
Mathematical Sciences, Chennai and Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, during 20-24
February,
2012.
website
DOI:
http://www.imsc.res.in/~sitabhra/meetings/
socialnetwork0212/talks/Rabindranath_Jana.pdf
 Jana, Rabindranath, Bandyopadhyay, Suraj and Choudhuri, Anil: Reciprocity among farmers in
farming system research: Application of social network analysis, Journal of Human Ecology,
41(1): 45-51.
 Jana, Rabindranath and Choudhuri, Anil: Studying various aspects of social networks with socioeconomic changes in a rural area: A case study from West Bengal, Guru Nanak Journal of
Sociology, Accepted for publication in 2013 issue of the Journal.
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Sampling & Official Statistics Unit
Significant Research Publications during 2008 – 2013:
Prasanta Pathak
A) List of Published Papers in Journals
 Kumar, Santosh, Pathak, Prasanta and Gupta, S.D. 2008. Assessment of Sustainable Health Care
Quality: A Study of State Owned Tertiary Care Hospital ,Journal of Cooperation among
University, Research and Industrial Enterprises, Vol.1, No.3, BITS, Pilani, India.
 Pathak, Prasanta and Chakraborty, Sonali [2009] “Statistical Models for Finding out
Determinants of Potentiality to Get Absorbed in Jobs for Different Categories of Labour in Three
North Indian States” , Indian Journal of Regional Science, Vol. XXXXI, No.1, p.91-102.
 Pasupuleti, Samba Siva Rao and Pathak Prasanta [2010] “Special form of Gompertz model and
its application”, Genus, Vol. LXVI, No.2, p. 95-125.
 Pasupuleti, Samba Siva Rao and Pathak, Prasanta [2010] “Spatial and Temporal Changes in
Fertility Behavior of Indian Women Cohorts”, Genus, Vol. LXVI, No.3, p. 69-92.
Diganta Mukherjee
A. Research Papers Published in Journals
 `Poverty Measures Incorporating Variable Returns to Population Growth', Social Choice and
Welfare, 2008, 31, 97 - 107.
 ‘Role of Parental Education in Schooling and Child Labour Decision: Urban India in the Last
Decade’ Social Indicators Research, 2008, 89, 305 – 22 (with Saswati Das).
 ‘Parental Education Influencing Schooling and Child Labour Decision: Urban India in the New
Millennium’ Arthaniti, 2009 (with Saswati Das).
 ‘Price Exploration and Financial Market Efficiency’ ICFAI Journal of Financial Risk
Management, 2009 (with Jyotiska Bhattacharjee and Suraj Dey).
 ‘Equlibrium and Stability of a Stock Market Game with Big Traders’ Differential Equations and
Dynamical Systems, 17 (3), 283-299, 2009 (with Gopal K. Basak and Mrinal Ghosh).
 ‘Attitude to Schooling, Wage Premium and Child Labour' Indian Growth and Development
Review, 2 (2), 2009 (with Uday Bhanu Sinha).
 ‘Pareto Honouring Poverty Reduction’, Bulletin of Economic Research, DOI: 10.1111/j.14678586.2010.00379.x, 2011.
 ‘Influence of Big Traders on the Stock Market: Theory and Simulation’ Dynamic Games and
Applications: 1(2), pp. 220 – 52, 2011 (with Gopal K. Basak and Mrinal K. Ghosh).
 ‘Are women self help group members economically more empowered in Left-run
municipalities?’ Development in Practice, 2012, DOI: 10.1080/09614524.2013.750644 (with
Zakir Husain and Mausumi Dutta).
Sandip Mitra
A. Research Papers Published in Journals
 1. ‘Local Democracy and Clientelism: Implications for Political Stability in west Bengal’,
Economic Political Weekly, February, 2009 (with Pranab Bardhan, Dilip Mookherjee, Abhirup
Sarkar).
Kajal Dihidar
A) Research Papers Published in Journals
 Bose, M., Chaudhuri, A., Dihidar, K. and Das, S. (2011). Model-cum-design based estimation of
the prevalence rate of a disease in a locality using spatial smoothing, Statistics, 45, 293-305.
 Mukhopadhyay, S., Bhattacharya, S. and Dihidar, K. (2011). On Bayesian ‘Central Clustering’:
Application To Landscape Classification of Western Ghats, The Annals of Applied Statistics 5(3),
1948-1977.
 Chaudhuri, A., Bose, M. and Dihidar, K. (2011). Estimating sensitive proportions by Warner’s
randomized response technique using multiple randomized responses from distinct persons
sampled, Statistical Papers, 52, 111-124.
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Social Sciences Division, ISI
 Chaudhuri, A., Bose, M. and Dihidar, K. (2011). Estimation of a sensitive proportion by
Warner’s randomized response data through inverse sampling, Statistical Papers 52, 343-354.
 Dihidar, K.(2011). Modifying classical randomized response techniques with provision for true
response, Calcutta Statistical Association Bulletin, 63, (Special 7th Triennial Proceedings
Volume), 223-240.
 Dihidar, K. (2009). On shrinkage estimation procedure combining direct and randomized
responses in unrelated question model, Journal of the Indian Society of Agricultural Statistics,
63, 283-296.
 Chaudhuri, A. and Dihidar, K. (2009). Estimating means of stigmatizing qualitative and
quantitative variables from discretionary responses randomized or direct. Sankhya, Series B, 71,
123-136.
 Chaudhuri, A., Bose, M. and Dihidar, K. (2009). Rao-Hartley-Cochran sampling with
competitive estimators, Calcutta Statistical Association Bulletin, 61, 227-242.
 Ghosh, J.K., Dihidar, K. and Samanta, T. (2008). On different clustering of the same data set,
Advances in Statistics, B.K. Kale Felicitation Volume, 112-119.
Amitava Sarkar (Visiting Scientist)
A. Research Papers Published in Journals
1. “Long Memory in Stock Returns: Insights from the Indian Market”, International Journal of
Applied Economics & Finance, 2011 (with others).
2. "Evidence of chaos: A Tale of Two Exchange Rates", Empirical Economics Letters, Volume 10,
No. 8, 2011 (with others).
3. “Dynamics of Emerging India’s Banking Sector Assets: A Simple Model”, Journal of Asset
Management, April 2010 (with others).
4. “Indian Stock Market Volatility in Recent Years: Transmission from Global and Regional
Contagion and Traditional Domestic Sectors”, Journal of Asset Management, Volume 10, No.1,
April, 2009 (with others).
Sunil Kumar (Visiting Scientist)
A. Research Papers Published in Journals
 ‘A regression approach to the estimation of finite population mean in presence of non-response’,
Australian and New Zealand Journal of Statistics, 2008, 50(4), 395-408 (with H. P. Singh)
 ‘A general family of estimators of finite Population ratio, product and mean using two phase
sampling scheme in the presence of non-response’, Journal of Statistical Theory and Practice,
2008, Vol. 2, No. 4, 677-692 (with H. P. Singh).
 ‘Effect of non-response in sampling over two successive occasions using auxiliary information’,
Statistics in Transition, 2008, Vol. 9, No. 2, 273-296 (with H. P. Singh).
 ‘A general class of estimators of the population mean in survey sampling using auxiliary
information with sub sampling the non-respondents’, The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics,
2009, Vol. 22, No. 2, 387-402 (with H. P. Singh).
 ‘A general procedure of estimating the population mean in the presence of non-response under
double sampling using auxiliary information’. SORT, 2009, 33, 1, 71-84.
 ‘An alternative family of estimators for population mean in presence of non-response when the
population mean of auxiliary character is not known’, Journal of Applied Statistical Science,
2009, Vol. 17, No. 2, 199-218 (with H. P. Singh).
 ‘A general class of DSS estimators of population ratio, product and mean in the presence of nonresponse based on the sub-sampling of the non-respondents’, Pakistan Journal of Statistics, Vol.
26, No. 1, 203–238, 2009, (with H. P. Singh).
 ‘Estimation of multivariate indirect methods in presence of non-response in successive
sampling’, METRON, Vol. LXVII, No. 2, 153-175, 2009, (with H. P. Singh).
 ‘Estimation of mean in presence of non-response using two phase sampling scheme’, Statistical
Papers, 50(3), 559-582, 2010, (with H. P. Singh).
 ‘Estimation of population product in presence of non-response in successive sampling’,
Statistical Papers, 51(4), 975-996, 2010, (with H. P. Singh).
 ‘Improved estimation of finite Population mean when sub-sampling is employed to deal with
non-response’, Communication in Statistics - Theory and Methods, 39, 5, 791-802, 2010, (with
H. P. Singh and M. Kozak).
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 ‘Improved estimation of population mean under two phase sampling with sub sampling the nonrespondents’, Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference, 140, 9, 2536-2550 (with H. P.
Singh).
 ‘Estimation of mean using multi auxiliary information in presence of non-response’,
Communications of the Korean Statistical Society, Vol. 17, No. 3, 391-411, 2010, (with H. P.
Singh).
 ‘Improved class of estimators using multi-auxiliary information in successive sampling’,
Pakistan Journal of Statistics and Operational Research, Vol. VI, No. 2, 117-124, 2010, (with H.
P. Singh and J.P.S. Joorel).
 ‘A general class of chain– type estimators in presence of non-response under double sampling
scheme’, Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods, Vol. 9, No. 2, 512-519, 2010, (with H.
P. Singh and S. Bhougal).
 ‘Combination of ratio and regression estimators in presence of non-response. Brazilian Journal
of Probability and Statistics, Vol. 25, No. 2, 205-217, 2011, (with H. P. Singh).
 ‘Sub sampling the non-respondents in cluster sampling on sampling on two successive
occasions’, Statistics in Transition, Vol. 12, No. 1, 9 – 24, 2011, (with H. P. Singh).
 ‘Under double sampling a general ratio – type estimator in presence of non-response’,
Hacetteppe Journal of Mathematics and Statistics, 40(4), 589-599, 2011, (with H. P. Singh).
 ‘Effect of non response on a class of estimators of population mean on current occasion in
successive sampling on two occasions’, Journal of Probability and Statistical Science, Vol. 9,
No. 1, 69-89, 2011, (with H. P. Singh).
 ‘Estimation of the population mean in successive sampling by sub-sampling the nonrespondents’, Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods, Vol. 10, No. 1, 51-60, 2011, (with
H. P. Singh).
 ‘Multivariate ratio estimation in presence of non-response in successive sampling. Journal of
Statistical Theory and Practice, Vol. 5, No. 4, 591-611, 2011, (with H. P. Singh).
 ‘Estimation of the population mean in presence of non response’, Communications of the Korean
Statistical Society, Vol. 18, No. 4, 537-548, 2011, (with H. P. Singh).
 ‘Utilization of some known population parameters for estimating population mean in presence of
non-response’, Pakistan Journal of Statistics and Operational Research, Vol. VIII, No. 2, 233244, 2012.
 ‘Ratio cum regression estimator for estimating population mean with sub sampling of non
respondents’, Communications of the Korean Statistical Society, 19, 5, 663-672, 2012.
 ‘Estimation of population ratio in presence of non response in successive sampling. Journal of
Statistical Theory and Applications, 11, 3, 293-310, 2012.
 ‘Estimation Of Population Mean Using Ranked Set Sampling. International Journal of Research
in Commerce’, IT & Management, Vol. 2, Issue 9, 139-141, 2012, (with S. Bhougal and R.
Gupta).
 ‘An Accelerated Sequential Class to Minimize Combined Risk for Simultaneous Estimation of
Parameters of Several’, Pakistan Journal of Statistics and Operational Research, Vol. 8, No. 4,
737-748, 2012, (with R. Gupta and Y. Raj).
 ‘Generalized estimators for estimating population mean in the presence of non response’,
IFRSA’s International Journal of Computing (IIJC), 2, 3, 672-686, 2012 (with S. Bhougal and R.
Gupta).
Zakir Husain
A) Research Papers Published in Journals
 ‘Gender disparities in completing school education in India: Explaining geographical
variations’, Journal of Population Research, Vol. 28(4), 2011: 325-352. DOI: 10.1007/s12546011-9070-5.
 ‘Asymmetric Dividend Policy of Indian Firms: An Econometric Analysis’, The International
Journal of Applied Economics and Finance, 5(3), 2011: 200-212. DOI:
10.3923/ijaef.2011.200.212 (with others).
 ‘Balancing the present and future: A study of contraceptive use in Calcutta’s slums’, World
Health and Population, 12(3), 2011: 23-32 (with others).
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 ‘Is Health Status of Elderly Worsening in India? A Comparison of Successive Rounds of
National Sample Survey Data’, Journal of Biosocial Science, Vol 43(2), March 2011: 211-231.
DOI: 10.1017/S0021932010000623 IF: 0.98 (with co-others).
 ‘Health of the National Rural Health Mission: A Stock Taking’, Economic and Political Weekly,
Vol. XLVI(4), 22 January 2011: 53-60.
 ‘Gender Disparity in Completing School Education over Regions”, Journal of Research in
Educational Sciences, 1(2), Winter 2010: 75-94.
 ‘Commons and Commoners: Re-examining Community in Common Pool Resources’,
Sustainable Development, Vol. 17(2), 2009: 142-154. DOI: 10.1002/sd.371. IF: 1.043.
 ‘An Application of MCDM to Built Heritage: The Case of Calcutta’, Journal of Cultural
Heritage, 2009, Vol. X(2): 237-243. DOI:10.1016/j.culher.2008.09.007. IF: 1.079 (with others).
 ‘Top Heavy Systems and Quality of Health Care: A Survey of Select Departments in RG Kar
Medical College and Hospital, India’, Social Medicine, Vol 4(2), 2009: 90-97.
 ‘Wizards, Muggles and Economic Exploitation: Dependency Relations in the World of Harry
Potter’, Journal of Creative Communications, 4(3), 2009:163-175.
 ‘Enrolment and Drop-outs of Muslims in West Bengal: Evidence from NSS 61st Round’,
Journal of Educational Planning and Administration, 2009, Vol. XXII(4): 347-367.
 ‘Variations in PCR among Socio-Religious Communities: An Exploratory Analysis’, Economic
& Political Weekly, XLIV (15), April 11-17, 2009: 59-67 (with others).
 ‘Do Working Women Satisfice? Women Workers in the IT Sector’, Indian Journal of Labour
Economics, Vol. 51(4), October-December, 2008: 731-746 (with others).
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Economics & Planning Unit, Delhi Centre
Financial Year 2008-2009
Papers publised in Journals:
 Roy Chowdhury, Prabal: Bertrand – Edgeworth Equilibrium with a Large Number of Firm,
International Journal of Industrial Organization, 26, 746-761, 2008.
 Prabal Roy Chowdhury: Adoption of New Technology and Joint Venture Instability (Tarun
 Kabiraj), Research in International Business and Finance,22, 108-123, 2008.
 Prabal Roy Chowdhury: Controlling Collusion in Auctions: The Role of Ceilings and Reserve
prices, Economic Letters, 98, 420-426, 2008.
 Bharat Ramaswami: Product Proliferation in India’s Cotton Seed Market: Are There Too Many
Varieties?, (With M. Murugkar and M. Shelar), Journal of Agricultural & Food Industrial
Organization, Vol. 7:Iss 1, 2, 1-15, 2009.
 Bharat Ramaswami: Sectoral Labour Flows and Agricultural Wages in India,
 1983-2004: Has Growth Trickled Down?, (with M. Eswaran, A. Kotwal and W. Wadhwa),
Economic and Political Weekly, 44(3), 46-55, 2009.
 Chetan Ghate: Understanding Divergence in India:. A Political Economy Approach, Journal of
Economic Policy Reform, Vol. 11, Iss. 1, 1-9, 2008.
 Chetan Ghate: Caliberating RBC Models: A Simple Example Illustrating the Method of
 Successive Aproximations, Indian Growth and Development Review, Vol 1, Iss. 1, 119-124,
2008.
 Chetan Ghate: The Time Inconsistency Problem, “The Princeton Encyclopedia of the World
Economy, Princeton University Press, 2009.
 Debasis Mishra: An Introduction to Mechanism Design Theory (a brief survey on the
major
work of Maskin and Myerson), Indian Economic Journal, Vol. 56, 2, 137-165, 2008.
 Satya P. Das: Game of Organizing International Cricket: Co-Existence of Country-Line and
Club-Line Games, Economics: The open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal, 2, 8-32, 2008.
 Satya P. Das Co-authored with Rudrani Bhattacharya: Advent of Industrial Mass Production:
Three Stages of Economic Development, The B.E. Journal of Macroeconomics, Vol. 8, Issue 1,
24, 2008.
 Bhaskar Dutta: (with W. Arulampalam, S. Dasgupta and A. Dhillon), A Theoretical Model and
Empirical Evidence from India, Journal of Development Economics, 2009.
 E. Somanathan (with R. Prabhakar and B.S. Mehta): Decentralization for cost-effective
 conservation, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA, published online
before print March 2, 2009.
 E. Somanathan (with Jyotsna Jalan and Saraswata Chaudhuri): Awareness and the Demand for
Environmental Quality: Survey Evidence on Drinking Water in Urban India, Environment and
Development Economics, published online before print March 6, 2009.
 E. Somanathan (with Sujoy Chakravarty): Discrimination in an Elite Labour Market? Job
 Placements at the Indian Institute of Management - Ahmedabad, the Economic and Political
Weekly, 43(44): 45-50, November 1, 2008.
 E. Somanathan (with Jyotsna Jalan): The Importance of Being Informed: Experimental
 Evidence on Demand for Environmental Quality Journal of Development Economics, 87(1): 1428, August 2008.
Financial Year 2009-10
Papers publised in Journals:
 M. Murugkar, Bharat Ramaswami and M.Shelar, Product Proliferation in India’s Cotton Seed
Market: Are There Too Many Varieties?, Journal of Agricultural & Food Industrial
Organization: Vol . 7: Iss1, Article 2, 1-15, 2009.
 Bharat Ramaswami, P.S. Birthal and P.K.Joshi, Grower Heterogeneity and the Gains from
Contract Farming: The Case Indian Poultry, Indian Growth and Development Review, 2 (1), 5674, 2009.
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Social Sciences Division, ISI
 E. Somanathan with Rohini Somanathan, Challenges facing India’s poor, Economic and Political
Weekly, 44(31): 51-58, August 01, 2009.
 Priyodorshi Banerjee, Hidden Action Principal-Agent Problem with Endogenous Signal
Precision, Contemporary Issues and Ideas in Social Sciences, Vol. 5(1), June 2009.
Financial Year 2010-11
Papers publised in Journals:
 Mitra, M. and Sen, Arunava: Efficient Allocation of heterogenous Commodities with Balanced
Transfers, in Social Choice and welfare, Vol. 35, June 2010, pp 29-48.
 Chatterjee, S. and Sen, Arunava: Tops_only Domains in Economic Theory, Vol 46, February
2011, pp 255-282.
 Chandrasekhar, S. and Abhiroop Mukhopadhyay: Poverty and Well being in Indian Cities during
the Reforms Era?, Berkley Electronic Press: Poverty and Public Policy, Volume 1, Issue2, April
2010.
 Afridi, Farzana, Women’s Empowement and the Goal of Parity Between the Sexes in
 Schooling in India, Population Studies, 64(2): 131-145, July 2010.
 Afridi, Farzana, Child Welfare Programs and Child Nutrition: Evidence from a Mandated School
Meal Program, Journal of Development Economics, 2010, 92(2): 152-165.
 Roy Chowdhury, Prabal, Firm Size and Pricing Policy, Bulletin of Economic Research, 62 181195, 2010.
 Roy Chowdhury, Prabal, Porter Hypothesis and hyperbolic discounting, Economic Bulleting 31,
167-176, 2011.
 Roy Chowdhury, Prabal, Edgewworth Market Games: Price-taking and Efficiency, Encyclopedia
of Operations Research and Management Science, (ed) Marc Kilgour, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.,
2011.
 Mishra, Debasis and Talman, Dolf, A Characterization of the Average Tree Solution for Tree
Games, International Journal of Game Theory, Vol. 39, pp 105-111, 2010.
 Somanathan, E., Effects of Information on Environmental Quality in Developing Countries, in
Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, 4(2): 275-292, Summer 2010.
 Bansal, Sangeeta and Ramaswami, Bharat, Labels for GM Foods: What Can They Do?,
Economic and Political Weekly: Review of Agriculture, XLV (26/27), 167-173, 2010.
Financial Year 2011-12
Papers publised in Journals:
 Afridi Farzana, The Impact of School Meals on School Participation in Rural India.” Journal of
Development Studies (Special Section on Impact Evaluation), 47(11): 1636-1656, November
2011.
 Chowdhury Prabal Roy, Transparency, complementarity and holdout (with Kunal Sengupta),
forthcoming, Games and Economic Behaviour.
 Chowdhury Prabal Roy, Porter hypothesis and hyperbolic discounting, Economics Bulletin, 31,
167-176, 2011.
 Das Satya.P, International Trade and Polarization in the Labor Market," Economics: The OpenAccess, Open-Assessment E-Journal, Vol. 6, 2012-6 http://dx.doi.org/ 10.5018/ economicsejournal.ja.2012-6
 Ghate Chetan, "The "V Factor": Distribution, Timing, and Correlates of the Great Indian Growth
Turnaround." With Stephen Wright (Birkbeck College). Forthcoming, Journal of Development
Economics, 2012
 Mishra Debasis, Roberts’ Theorem with Neutrality: A Social Welfare Ordering Approach.
Debasis Mishra and Arunava Sen.Games and Economic Behavior, Volume 75, 2012, pp 283298.
 Mishra Debasis, Bhaskar Dutta , Minimum Cost Arborescences. Games and Economic
Behavior,Volume 74, 2012, pp 120-143.
 Mukhopadhyay Abhiroop, Rural Housing Quality as an Indicator of Consumption
Sustainability” (with Indira Rajaraman), Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 47(13), March
31st, 2012, pp. 112-117
 Mukhopadhyay Abhiroop, The Economic Burden of Cancer” (with B. K. Mohanti, S. Das, K.
Sharma & S. Dash): Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 43(46), October 22, 2011, pp. 112-117
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 Rajaraman Indira, (2012) “Fiscal Impact of Trade Tariff Reform: Long-Series Historical
Evidence for the US and Canada” Global Policy 3:3 (October)
 Rajaraman Indira, (2011) “Response to Rakshit on the Finance Commission” Economic and
Political Weekly, XLVI: 13 (26 March); 137-139.
 Ramaswami Bharat, Carl E. Pray and N. Lalitha, The Spread of Illegal Transgenic Cotton
Varieties in India: Biosafety Regulation, Monopoly and Enforcement, World Development, 40:
1, 177-188.
 Ramaswami Bharat, Ashok Kotwal, and Wilima Wadhwa, Economic Liberalization and
Indian Economic Growth: What's the Evidence? Journal of Economic Literature, 49: 4, 11521199, 2011
 Ramaswami Bharat, Ashok Kotwal, Milind Murugkar, PDS Forever? Economic and Political
Weekly, XLVI (21), 72-76, 2011.
 Ray Tridip, Gurnani, Haresh, Gumus, Mehmet, & Ray, Saibal: Optimal Procurement Strategy
Under Supply Risk, Asia-Pacific Journal of Operational Research, 29(1), 1240006-1 - 124000631, February 2012.
 Sen Arunava, “The Gibbard random dictatorship theorem: a generalization and a new proof”,
SERIEs, Journal of the Spanish Economic Association, Vol 2, No 4, December 2011, 515-527.
 Sen Arunava, “Nash Implementation with Partially Honest Players” (with Bhaskar Dutta),
Games and Economic Behavior, Vol 74, No 1, January 2012, 154-169.
 Sen Arunava, “Robertsʼ Theorem with neutrality: A social welfare ordering approach” (with
Debasis Mishra), Games and Economic Behavior, Vol 75, No 1, May 2012, 283-298.
 Somanathan, E., with Arka Ray Chaudhuri, “Impact of Biometric Identification-base transfers.”
Economic and Political Weekly, 46(21): 77-80, May 21, 2011.
Financial Year 2012-13
Papers publised in Journals:
 Chowdhury Prabal Roy, Land Acquisition: Political Intervention, Fragmentation and Voice,
Journal of Economic Behaviour and Organization, 85, 63-78, 2013.
 Chowdhury Prabal Roy and Arijit Mukherjee, Innovation and social desirability of merger,
Economics Bulletin, 33, 248-260, 2013.
 Chowdhury Prabal Roy and Das Satya P, Deterrence, Preemption and Panic: A Common-Enemy
Problem of Terrorism forthcoming, Economics Enquiry.
 Chowdhury Prabal Roy and Sengupta Kunal, Transparency, Complementarity and Holdout
Games and Economic Behaviour,75, 598-612, 2012.
 Ghate Chetan, The V-Factor: Distribution, Timing, and Correlates of the Great Indian Growth
Turnaround. With Stephen Wright (Birkbeck College), Journal of Development Economics,
September 2012, Volume 99 (1), pages 58-67.
 Ghate Chetan, Has India Emerged? Business Cycle Stylized Facts from a Transitioning
Economy. With Radhika Pandey (NIPFP) and Ila Patnaik (NIPFP). Structural Change and
Economic Dynamics, Volume 24, Issue 1, March 2013, pages 157-172.
 Ghate Chetan, Why were some Indian states so slow to participate in the Turnaround? With
Stephen Wright (Birkbeck College). Economic and Political Weekly, March 30, 2013, Vol.
XLVIII No. 13 (Special Article)
 Mishra Debasis and Souvik Roy, Implementation in Multidimensional Dichotomous Domains,
Theoretical Economics, Volume 8, 2013, pp 1 -30.
 Mishra Debasis and Souvik Roy, Strategy-proof Partitioning, Games and Economic Behavior,
Volume 76, 2012, pp 285-300.
 Mishra Debasis and Arunava Sen, Roberts’ Theorem with Neutrality: A Social Welfare Ordering
Approach, Games and Economic Behavior, Volume 75, 2012, pp 283-298.
 Mishra Debasis and Bhaskar Dutta, Minimum Cost Arborescences, Games and Economic
Behavior, Volume 74, 2012, pp 120-143, Accepted: May 2011.
 Mishra Debasis, Dinko Dimitrov and Thierry Marchant, Separability and Aggregation of
Equivalence Relations, Economic Theory, Volume 51, 2012.
 Ramaswami Bharat, M. Eswaran and W. Wadhwa, Status, Caste and the Time Allocation of
Women in Rural India, Economic Development and Cultural Change, 2013, 61(2): 313-333.
 Ramaswami Bharat and S. Jha, The Percolation of Public Expenditure: Food Subsidies and the
Poor in India and the Philippines, India Policy Forum, 2011/12,8: 95-138.
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Social Sciences Division, ISI
 16. Sen Arunava, Gravel, Nicolas, Thierry Marchant, (October 2012) “Uniform Expected Utility
Criteria for Decision Making under Ignorance or Objective Ambiguity,” Journal of Mathematical
Psychology 56, 297–315.
 Sen Arunava, Shurojit Chatterji & Souvik Roy, The structure of strategy-proof random social
choice functions over product domains and lexicographically separable preferences
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304406812000547 Journal of Mathematical
Economics, Volume 48, Issue 6, December 2012, Pages 353-366.
 Sen Arunava & Debasis Mishra, Robertsʼ Theorem with neutrality: A social welfare ordering
approach http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0899825611001837 Games and
Economic Behavior*, *Volume 75, Issue 1*, *May 2012*, *Pages 283-298.
 Sen Arunava & Jérémy Picot, An extreme point characterization of random strategy-proof social
choice
functions:
The
two
alternative
case
http://www.sciencedirect.com/
science/article/pii/S0165176511004599 Economics Letters, Volume 115, Issue 1, 1April 2012,
Pages 49-52
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Economic Analysis Unit, Bangalore Centre
 N.S.S.Narayana: Ancient Hindu Principles of Social and Economic Management – Are they
against globalization? Published in Journal of Social and Economic Development, pages: 1- 44,
Vol.12, No.2, December 2010.
 N.S.S.Narayana: Who is Not a Statistician! ISI Karnataka Branch Lecture. Paper presented at
Mount Carmel College, Bangalore, 13 January 2010.
 N.S.S.Narayana: A Book-review article on “Capacity Building in Economics Education and
Research” edited by Francois Bourguignon, Yehuda Elkana and Boris Pleskovic, published by
The World Bank, Washington, D.C., 2007; published in Journal of Educational Planning and
Administration, NIEPA, New Delhi, Vol. XXIII, No.2, April 2009, pages: 205-207.
 N.S.S.Narayana, Majumdar Rumki and Ghosh Probal: Growth Effects of Public Expenditure in
India; in the journal Finance India (Indian Institute of Finance), December 2008 (Vol. XXII No.
4), pgs: 1249-79.
 N.S.S.Narayana: A Book Review article on ““International Handbook on Privatization” edited
by David Parker and David Saal published by Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, UK and Northampton,
MA, USA; in Journal of Social and Economic Development, Vol.10, No.2, July-December
2008, pgs:302-308
 N.S.S.Narayana: A Book-review article on “Imbibing Value Education – Various Perspectives”,
edited by Rameshwari Pandya and Anuradha Mathu, published by Kalpaz Publications, Delhi,
published in Journal of Educational Planning and Administration, NIEPA, New Delhi,
pages: 243-245, Vol. XXII, No.2, April 2008.
 N.S.S.Narayana: A Book Review article on “Ethics in Education: The role of teacher codes Canada and South Asia” authored by Shirley van Nuland and B.P.Khandelwal, published by
International Institute for Educational Planning, Paris, 2006, published in Journal of
Educational Planning and Administration, NIEPA, New Delhi, pages: 389-92, Vol. XXI,
No.4, October 2007.
 N.S.S.Narayana: “Individuals, Values, Inequality and Governance - Brickbats and Bouquets for
Developments in Mainstream Economics”. Invited Paper for the Conference / Workshop on
“Human Values in Economics and Related Disciplines” Department of Economics, Sri Sathya
Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Prasanthi Nilayam, Andhra Pradesh, February 2007; published
in Journal of Social and Economic Development, Vol.9, No.2, pages: 121-147; July–
December 2007.
Papers in Journals
 Swaminathan, Madhura, 2012, “Who Has Access to Formal Credit in Rural India,” Review of
Agrarian Studies, 2, 1, Jan-June 2012, pp 182-195.
 V. K. Ramachandran, “P. Sundarayya and the Agrarian Question in India”, The Marxist, 2012,
pp
 V. K. Ramachandran, “Classes and Class Differentiation in India”s Countryside” World Review
of Political Economy, 2, 4, April 2012, pp 646 Bandopadhyay, R., T.V. Prathamesh and P.Guha (2012). Zoning Crossroads: A Critique.
Seminar, No. 636, August 2012.
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Interim Report
Srl
Unit
Project Leader(s)
Name of the Project
Page
Noth East Project
1
LRU
Interlexical study of Asamiya in a substantivist framework (2011-14)
…
Probal Dasgupta
…
110
2
PRU
Cognitive Processing through PASS model and its role in determining
Academic Performance of School students of North- Eastern India. (2012-15)
…
Anjali Ghosh,
…
113
General Project
1
LRU
Bengali Pronunciation Dictionary in Electronic and Printed Form (2012-15)
…
Niladri Sekhar Dash
…
111
2
PRU
Differential validity of Computer programming abilities (2012-15)
…
Debdulal.Dutta Roy
…
117
3
SRU
Data Gap in Gender Statistics: Women in Mining Industry (2012-15)
…
Molly Chattopadhyay
…
142
4
EPU
Report on the 8th Annual Conference on Economic Growth and Development
(2012)
…
Tridip Ray
…
146
5
EAU
Evaluating Official Statistics on Land and Livestock holdings (2012-15)
…
V.K. Ramachandran
…
148
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LRU (Northeast)
1. Title of the project: Interlexical study of Asamiya in a substantivist framework
2. Date of Commencement: April 2011
3. Name of the Proposing Scientist/Principal Investigator: Probal Dasgupta, LRU, ISI
4. Amount spent: 70%
5. Target achieved: 70%
6. Expected date of Completion: March 2014
7. Interim Report for Interlexical study of Asamiya in a substantivist framework (2011-2014)
This project is still running at the moment of writing this interim brief report. It is appropriate at this
stage to highlight the role of the core presentation concept in the descriptive methods that this project has
been focusing on, and to note that the coverage of empirical material in Asamiya has been augmented in
this project (see especially the Dasgupta and Mitra LRU Technical Report 2013/02).
The results of this project were reported in:
 Dasgupta, Probal. Scarlet and Green: Phi-Inert Indo-Aryan Nominals in a Co-Representation
Analysis. Kolkata: LRU Technical Report 2011/01
 Dasgupta, Probal. Jabaan-jominer aabaad. Kolkata: LRU Technical Report 2013/01
 Dasgupta, Probal; Mitra, Nivedita. Certain derivationally used WFSs in Asamiya. Kolkata: LRU
Technical Report 2013/02
 Dasgupta, Probal (2012) Co-representation of linguistic structures. Indian Linguistics 73:1-4.4759.
 Dasgupta, Probal (2013) La rugho kaj la verdo: fi-trajto-inertaj sanskritidaj substantivoj en
kunreprezenta analizo/ Shamaantor protikriti-bisleshoner cokhe Bhaarotiyo Aarjo bhaashaar
phaai-nishkriyo bisheshsho. Vĕra Barandovská-Frank (ed.) Littera Scripta Manent: Serta in
Honorem Helmar Frank. Paderborn/ Prague: Akademia Libroservo. 182-192.
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LRU (General)
1. Title of the project: Bengali Pronunciation Dictionary in Electronic and Printed Form
2. Date of Commencement and Completion: April 2012 – March 2015
3. Name of the Proposing Scientist/Principal Investigator: Niladri Sk. Dash, LRU, ISI
4. Amount spent: 30%
5. Target achieved: 30%
6. 1st Interim Report for Bengali Pronunciation Dictionary in Electronic and Printed Form (20122013)
Till the end of March 2013, we have successfully collected a large list of Bengali words from (a) TDIL
corpus of 5 million words, (b) a newspaper corpus of 1 million words, (c) lexical database of Bangla
Akademi, Kolkata, (d) and from various other digital and printed sources. At present the lexical database,
which we have been able to compile, contains nearly hundred thousand Bengali words in their
lemmatized forms. It contains words from various linguistic antiquities covering Tatsama, Tadbhava,
Deshi and foreign words including mostly English, Arabic and Persian vocabulary. The spelling of the
words of our lexical database is mostly adopted from the suggestions made in the spelling dictionary of
the Pashchim Banga Bangla Akademi, Kolkata (2005). However, at certain situations, we have also
consulted dictionaries produced by other agencies, such as, Shabda Sanket (Jamil Chaudhuri 2009),
Samsad Bangla Abhidhan (2012), Saral Bangla Abhidhan (Subal Chandra Mitra 2009) etc.
Since the target of the project is to develop a pronunciation dictionary of 20,000 words (as
proposed in the proposal of the project) it was necessary to select the words from the list of hundred
thousand words included in the lexical database. However, since selection of a particular word over the
other is a debatable issue (as it asks for proper justification for selection of a word in the list), we decided
to go alphabetically and thus we selected all the words starting with vowel graphemes only. Interestingly,
the total number of lemmatized words starting with vowel graphemes did not exceed the number of
entries we decided for the project. That means, the present lexical database which we are now planning to
use in the proposed dictionary includes only words starting with vowel graphemes.
The justification behind the selection of all vowel-initiated words lies in our attempt for covering
all vowel-initiated words rather than being sporadic in selection of a few words both from vowel-initiated
as well as consonant-initiated words for the dictionary. We have made a plan for extending this project in
subsequent phases where we intend to deal with all consonant-initiated (as well as cluster-initiated)
words of the language to give a complete shape of the dictionary. This part may be started once the
present phase is executed and completed successfully.
At the initial stage we adopted the following criteria for selection of lexical items for the
dictionary from the main lexical database.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
Single word units which show grapheme to phoneme disparities are selected as automatic
candidates as entry words.
Multiword units like compounds and reduplications, which exhibit grapheme-to-phoneme
disparities.
Special importance is given to those English words which are nativised in Bengali with naturalized
pronunciation.
The prefix ‘-a’ is not ignored as there are different pronunciations of the same alphabet as a
negative prefix as well as a initial character of a word.
No idiomatic or phrasal expressions are considered for inclusion in the database.
However, we realized that the proposed scheme of lexical selection has some limitations. It is
noted that a large majority of words in Bengali show grapheme-to-phoneme disparities as there is hardly
1:1 mapping relationship between a phoneme and a grapheme. These words, by virtue of their
pronunciation uniqueness, are entitled to be included in the pronunciation dictionary. Moreover, the
words which exhibit grapheme-phoneme similarities also need to be included in the dictionary so that
their pronunciation, usage, part-of-speech, and other lexicographical information become available to the
end users, who want to know the lexicographical information of these words. Therefore, we decided to
include not only the words with grapheme-phoneme disparities but also those words that exhibit
grapheme-phoneme similarities.
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The same argument stands valid for compound words and reduplicated forms. This policy was
adopted because if we have taken those multiword units, which show grapheme phoneme disparities,
then a large number of compounds and reduplications would have been removed from the database as a
result of which a number of multiword units that constitute a major part of the Bengali vocabulary would
have been eliminated from the dictionary. Since we did not want to lose such a huge amount of lexical
stock of the language, we have kept multiword units of both types (i.e., grapheme-phoneme disparities
and grapheme-phoneme similarities) in the database.
At present the lexical database of the dictionary is nearly 20,000 words and it consists of words
that begin with vowel graphemes only. The words in the database are normalized, and their spellings are
corrected. Moreover, some highly sanskritized complex words, which are not usually present in standard
Bengali dictionaries are removed. At present each lexical item in the dictionary is furnished with the
following information (a) Word, (b) Part-of-speech (c) Word in Roman script with diacritics (d)
Pronunciation of the word in Bengali orthography, (e) Pronunciation of the word in IPA, (f) Digital
Audio output of the Word, (g) Meaning of the word in Bengali, (h) Meaning of the word in English, (i)
Usage of the word in a Bengali sentence, (j) Translation of the Bengali sentence into English. All these
information for some Bengali words is available in a demo version of the tool at the LRU homepage:
http://www.isical.ac.in/~lru/bengdict/index.php
Publications
Dash, Niladri Sekhar (2010) “Digital dictionary: a physical realization of virtual reality”. Proceedings of
the National Conference on Emerging Trends in Educational Informatics (ETEI 2010), 23-24
December 2010, National Institute of Technical Teacher’s Training and Research (NITTTR),
Kolkata, pp. 91-95.
Dash, Niladri Sekhar (2010) “Utilization of language corpora in compilation of digital dictionaries for
Indic languages”. Presented in the International Seminar on Tamil Computing, 24th-26th February,
2010, Linguistic Studies Unit, Dept. of Tamil Language, Madras University, Chennai, India.
Dash, Niladri Sekhar (2011) “Some physical advantages of an electronic dictionary”. Indian Linguistics.
Vol. 71. No. 1-4. Pp. 93-102.
Dash, Niladri Sekhar (2011) A Descriptive Study of the Modern Bengali Script. Saarbrucken, Germany,
Lambert Academic Publishing [ISBN: 978-3-8383-4448-5].
Dash, Niladri Sekhar (2012) “Baidyutin Bangla Abhdhan tairi karar kichu samasya”. Alochana Chakra.
Vol. 32. Pp. 166-178, Baimela Sankhya, 2012.
Dash, Niladri Sekhar and Pronomita Basu (2012) “Developing Scientific and Technical Terminology
Database from Electronic Language Corpora”. Language Forum. Vol. 38. No. 1. Pp. 5-21.
January-June 2012.
Dash, Niladri Sekhar, Payel Dutta Chowdhury and Abhisek Sarkar (2011) “Digital Pronunciation
Dictionary for Bengali: A Tool of the Time”. In, Sharma, Dipti Misra, Rajeev Sangal and Sobha L.
(Eds.) Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Natural Language Processing (ICON2011), Pp. 117-124, Anna University, Chennai, India, 16th – 19th December 2011.
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Social Sciences Division, ISI
COGNITIVE P ROCESSING THROUGH PASS MODEL AND ITS ROLE IN DETERMINING ACADEMIC
PERFORMANCE OF SCHOOL STUDENTS OF N ORTH -EAST INDIA
INTERIM REPORT , 2013
Anjali Ghosh (Principal Investigator)
Manjusha Adak (Project Linked Person)
Psychology Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata
COGNITIVE PROCESSING THROUGH PASS MODEL AND ITS ROLE IN DETERMINING
ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF SCHOOL STUDENTS OF NORTH-EAST I NDIA
Cognitive processes are the higher mental processes that involve knowledge and how people use their
knowledge. They include matters such as attention, memory, producing and understanding language,
solving problems and making decisions. All these are very important for human behavior.
PASS model has been developed by J.P. Das, Jack Naglieri, and Kirby (1994). According to this model,
intellectual activity involves the interdependent functioning of three neurological systems, called the
functional units of brain. Das describes a multidimensional view of cognitive processes based on Luria’s
theory (Luria, 1966, 1980) as consisting of four functions including: planning, arousal–attention,
simultaneous, and successive syntheses. In this model, planning is required when for instance an
individual makes decisions about how to solve a problem, carry out a novel activity, or compose a
narrative. Attention–arousal is the process that allows a person to selectively attend to some stimuli while
ignoring others, resist distractions, and maintain vigilance. Simultaneous processing integrates percepts
into groups and as a result stimuli are conceptualized as a whole, with each piece being related to the
others. Finally successive processing involves integrating stimuli into a specific serial order and is
exemplified in processing words in order to determine their function as in syntactic comprehension. The
theory links the four processes with particular regions of the brain. Planning is associated with the frontal
lobes, attention–arousal with the reticular activating system, and its associated brainstem
catecholaminergic projections throughout the cortex. The two coding units simultaneous and successive
are associated with occipito-temporoparietal junction and frontotemporal and perisylvian opercular
regions, respectively. This PASS model is directly based on Luria’s model of higher cortical functions in
man. The PASS model is an elaboration of Das, Kirby, and Jarman’s (1975) early psychometric and
cross-cultural work demonstrating two coding units as well as with subsequent studies incorporating
planning and attention in Luria’s complete model of higher cortical functions (Das, Naglieri, Kirby,
Ashman; 1996).
Cognitive Assessment System (CAS) test is an individually administered test of cognitive functioning for
children and adolescents ranging from 5 through 17 years of age that was designed to assess the
Planning, Attention, Simultaneous and Successive cognitive processes as described in the PASS Theory
of Intelligence (Das, Naglieri, 1997).
The CAS is structured on three levels: the Full Scale; the cognitive processing (PASS) scales; and the
subtests. The Full Scale (FS) is an overall indicator of the child's cognitive functioning with a mean of
100 and a standard deviation of 15. The average internal consistency reliability for the Standard Battery
is .96 (Naglieri & Das, 1997). The subtests provide information on a child’s cognitive functioning, which
includes: (1) Planning processes to provide cognitive control, and utilization of processes and knowledge,
intentionality, and self-regulation to achieve a desired goal; (2) Attention processes to provide focused,
selective cognitive activity over time; and two forms of operating on information, (3) Simultaneous
processes by which the individual integrates separate stimuli into a single whole or group; and (4)
Successive processes by which the individual integrates stimuli into a specific serial order that forms a
chain-like progression (Naglieri & Das, 1997). The PASS theory was used as the basis of the CAS to
provide an individually administered instrument of assessing cognitive functioning.
The PASS scales represent the individual's functioning on subtests designed to predominantly involve
one of the four cognitive processes and contribute equally to the FS score. These scales have high
reliability and are most closely tied to the theoretical basis of the CAS. At the most basic level, the
individual subtests make up the PASS scales with a mean of 10 and a standard deviation of 3. Although
each subtest has distinctive content they were not intended to measure unique constructs (Naglieri, 1999).
These subtest scores can be combined to create a Basic Battery with eight subtests or a Standard Battery
with 12 subtests (Ashman, Das; 1980).
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The bulk of the PASS theory is developed to the 3 main processing units. According to PASS theory,
cognitive functioning can be affected by input deficiencies such as auditory or visual processing and
output may similarly impact on individual’s measured cognitive ability (Das et.al., 1994).
Based on the PASS Theory of Intelligence, Das and his colleagues developed a program for intervention
called “PASS Reading Enhancement Programme” (PREP). The PREP was designed to improve
simultaneous and successive processing that underlie reading, while at the same time avoiding the direct
teaching of word reading skills (Cruz, 2005; Das, 1999, 2000; Fonseca & Cruz, 2001; Naglieri & Das,
2002)
The development of tests to measure the PASS processes began with an examination (Das, 1975) of the
differences between persons with and without mental retardation. That study involved only simultaneous
and successive cognitive processes which suggest that two processes be included as a model for cognitive
abilities (Das, Kirby, & Jarman, 1975). Ashman and Das (1980) first reported the addition of planning
measures to Simultaneous and Successive experimental tasks. Attention and Planning tasks were
developed and tested several years later.
Ashman (1978) found that planned composition was correlated with other planning tasks. Flanagan
(1992) found that planning tasks were the best predictor of punctuation, capitalization and written
composition achievement in elementary youths referred for learning problems. Naglieri and Rojahn
(2004) examined correlations between the CAS and academic achievement utilizing the CAS
standardization sample. They found moderate correlations between the Woodcock-Johnson Tests of
Achievement and revised writing subtests of Dictation (.50), Proofing (.44), as well as the Basic Writing
Skills composite (.51) and the CAS.
Objective:
The objective of the project is to find out the role of planning, attention, simultaneous and successive
(PASS) processes of cognitive functioning in determining the academic performance of different group
of school students of North-East India
Method:
The present study has been conducted on three states of North-East India. Multistage stratified random
sampling method was followed in this study. In first stage, two states (Tripura and Mizoram) out of seven
North-East states of India have been chosen and then another state (Assam) of North-East India was
incorporated to fulfill the total sample size of the project. In the second stage one district from each of the
three states was selected: West district from Tripura, Aizwal from Mizoram and Sonitpur from Assam. In
the next stage, eight schools from West district of Tripura were selected and out of them six schools (1
boy, 2 girls and 3 co-education schools including OBC & ST) were selected for the present study. In
Mizoram (Aizwal) one co-education school and in Assam (Sonitepur) three co-education schools were
selected.
Sample: Table I: State wise distribution of schools and sample groups of
students
T
Serial no
1
2
Mizoram
Assam
Boys
26
08
Girls
00
09
Total no
26
17
00
04
10
28
04
03
28
08
13
6
7
School
Boy’s School -1
100% OBC students Coeducation school-2
Girls School-3
Girls School-4
Co- education School-5
(100% ST students)
Co- education School-6
Co- education School-7
05
41
07
19
12
60
8
9
10
Co- education School-8
Co- education School-9
Co- education School-10
05
05
04
06
16
13
11
21
17
3
4
5
Boys- 53
Girls- 51
Total-104
Boys-14
Girls- 35
Total-49
Tools:
The following measurement tools were administered:
1. Achievement Test (Bengali and English version) was prepared on the basis of the syllabus of the state
board of class-IV standard. Six arithmetic questions (addition, subtraction, multiplication and division)
were given in the first part and in the second part one passage for comprehension along with six
questions were, out of this three questions were given in multiple choice formats. After reading the
passage the student had to answer the questions.
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2. Cognitive Assessment System (CAS) of J.P. Das and Jack Naglieri (1997) was administered which
assess Planning, Attention, Simultaneous and Successive Processes through several verbal and nonverbal tests.
3. School Performance Record: Annual Examination marks obtained by the students in language and
arithmetic were taken.
Procedure:
i.
Achievement Test was administered on the students of the selected schools in group situation.
ii.
PASS scale(basic battery) under the Cognitive Assessment System (CAS) was administered
which contains several subtests(Matching Numbers, Planned codes, Nonverbal Matrices, Verbal
Spatial Relations, Expressive Attention, Number Detections, Word Series, Sentence Repetitions).
This was done individually by the investigators.
iii.
School performance record i.e., last annual examination marks of language and arithmetic of the
students were collected.
iv.
An orientation program was conducted in Agartala on a small group of teachers (two teachers for
each of the selected schools) to conduct the intervention program of PREP (Das, 2005) for low
achiever groups of students.
Results:
The statistical treatments (Mean, SD and t-test) were applied only on 54 samples (26 boys and 28 girls)
out of 176 samples (71 boys and 105 girls). The results are presented in Table: II.
Table II: Distribution of Mean, Standard Deviation (SD), and t-test Scale scores of two sample
groups of two primary school students (N=54).
scale
P
A
Name of the
subtests
Achievement Test
Planning
S
S
S
Simultaneous
C
Attention
A
L
E
Successive
Matching
Numbers
Planned codes
Nonverbal
Matrices
Verbal Spatial
Relations
Expressive
Attention
Number
Detections
Word Series
Sentence
Repetitions
Boys (n=26)
Mean SD
8.21
1.55
6.43
3.54
Girls (n=28)
Mean
SD
8.65
1.81
8.73
3.23
t value
51.68
4.43
25.35
2.69
71.42
4.27
39.10
2.65
2.22*
0.22
4.04
1.79
5.08
3.11
1.52
49.58
1.36
29.16
1.37
0.12
23.89
14.52
29.19
11.05
1.50
10.50
7.29
3.79
2.97
11.00
7.85
2.70
2.43
0.55
0.76
0.96
2.49*
*Significant at 0.05 level
In the Achievement Test both boys and girls students in this sample reported more or less equal Mean
(8.21 and 8.65 respectively) and SD (1.55 and 1.81 respectively). In PASS scale on some dimension boys
scored higher whereas on some dimensions girls scored higher but the differences were not significant
except in the planning processes i.e., matching numbers and planned codes. Under this process girls
scored higher Mean (8.73) and SD (3.23) than boys (Mean= 6.43, SD= 3.54) for Matching Numbers. In
Planned Codes, girls scored (Mean=71.42, SD=39.10) higher than boys (Mean=51.68, SD=25.35). Under
Simultaneous Processing in Verbal Spatial Relations, girls scored (Mean= 5.08, SD=3.11) slightly higher
than boys (Mean=4.04, SD=1.79). In Number Detections under the Attention processes the girls also
scored (Mean=29.19, SD=11.05) higher than boys (Mean=23.89, SD=14.52). To see whether any
significant differences exist between boy and girl students, t-test were conducted on these variables. No
significant differences has been found in Simultaneous Processing, Attention and Successive Processing
except Planning on Matching Numbers (t [52]= 2.49, p<0.05) and on Planned Codes (t [52]= 2.49,
p<0.05). This indicates that girls do planning better than boys.
Future Work:
In the next phase data will be analyzed by using correlation, regression, ANOVA & other statistical
techniques.
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Based on the performance of the students Achievement Test and PASS scale (basic battery) under the
Cognitive Assessment System (CAS), the low achiever students will be identified from each school.
These groups of students will be divided into two groups: experimental group and control group. On
experimental group the intervention program of PREP (Das, 2005) will be introduced for several sessions
but the control group will not receive any training. Then after a time gap of 4/5 months both the groups
will be tested again on Achievement Test and PASS scale (basic battery) to find out the effectiveness of
the intervention program.
References:
 Ashman, A. (1978). The relationship between planning and simultaneous and successive
synthesis. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Alberta, Edmonton.
 Ashman, A., & Das, J. P. (1980). Relation between planning and simultaneous-successive
processing. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 51, 371-382.
 Cruz, V. (2005). Uma abordagem cognitiva às dificuldades na leitura: Avaliação e intervenção.
Dissertação de doutoramento não publicada, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade
Técnica de Lisboa.
 Das, J. P., Kirby, J. R., & Jarman, R. F. (1975). Simultaneous and successive synthesis: An
alternative model. Psychological Bulletin, 82, 87-103.
 Das JP, Naglieri JA, Kirby JR. Assessment of cognitive processes. Boston, MA: Allyn and
Bacon; 1994.
 Das JP, Kar BC, Parrila RK. Cognitive planning: The psychological basis of intelligent
behaviour. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; 1996.
 Das, J.P. (1999). PASS Reading Enhancement Program. Deal, N.J.: Sarka Educational resources.
 Das, J. P. (2000). PREP: A Cognitive Remediation Program in Theory and Practice.
Developmental Disabilities Bulletin, 28 (2), 83-96.
 Flanagan, D. P. (1992). The planning, attention, simultaneous, and successive (PASS) model of
cognitive processing and its relationship to academic achievement. Unpublished doctoral
dissertation, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
 Fonseca, V. & Cruz, V. (2001). Programa de reeducação cognitiva PASS. Avaliação dos seus
efeitos em crianças com dificuldades de aprendizagem. Lisboa: FMH.
 Grigorenko (Eds.), The general factor of intelligence. How general is it? (pp. 55-84). New
Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
 Luria AR. Higher cortical functions in man. New York, NY: Basic Books; 1966.
 Luria AR. Higher cortical functions in man. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Basic Books; 1980.
 Naglieri, J. A., & Das, J. P. (1997). Cognitive Assessment System. Administration and scoring
manual. Interpretive handbook. Itasca, IL: Riverside.
 Naglieri, J. A., & Das, J. P. (1997). Das-Naglieri Cognitive Assessment System Interpretive
Handbook. Itasca, IL: Riverside Publishing.
 Naglieri, J. A. (1999). How valid is the PASS theory and CAS? School Psychology Review, 28
(1), 145-162.
 Naglieri, J. A.; Das, J. P. (2002). Practical implications of general Intelligence and Pass cognitive
processes. In R. Sternberg; E.
 Naglieri, J. A., & Rojahn, J. (2004). Construct validity of the PASS theory and CAS:
Correlations with achievement. Journal of Educational Psychology, 96(1), 174-181.
 Puhan,G.,Das,J.P.& Naglieri,J.A. (2005). Separating planning and attention: evidential and
consequential validity. Canadian Journal of School Psychology, 20, 75-84.
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118
DIFFERENTIAL VALIDITY OF COMPUTER
PROGRAMMING ABILITIES
PROVISIONAL PROJECT REPORT
(2012-13)
By
Debdulal Dutta Roy
Psychology Research Unit
INDIAN STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
203, B. T. ROAD
KOLKATA-700108
31.3.2013
Contents
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Acknowledgement
Executive summary
Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Literature Review
Objectives of the Project
Chapter 3: Method
Chapter 4: Results
Section A
Section B
Summary
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5-6
7
8-13
14-25
26
27-33
34
35-49
50-60
61
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Tables
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Table 3.1:
Table 3.2:
Table 4.1.1:
Table 4.1.2:
Table 4.2.1:
Table 4.2.2:
Table.4.3.1:
Table.4.3.2:
Table.4.3.3:
Table.4.3.4:
Table.4.3.5:
Table.4.4:
Table.4.5:
Table.4.6:
Table 4.6.1:
Table 4.6.2:
Table 4.6.3:
Table.4.7:
Table.4.8:
Table.4.9:
Table.4.10:
Table.4.11:
Table.4.12:
Table.4.13:
Table 4.14:
Table 4.15:
Table 4.16:
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Table 4.17:
Table 4.18:
Fig. 3.1:

Fig 4.1:

Fig.4.2:
Description of Schools
Frequency and percentage distribution of participants
Descriptive statistics of participants
Descriptive statistics of individual schools
School wise average Difficulty Indices of tests
Item Wise Difficulty Indices
Sub Test 1: Similarities
Sub Test 2: Anagram
Sub Test 3: Syllogistic Reasoning
Sub Test 4: Data Sufficiency
Sub Test 5: Data Coding
Inter Correlation among subtests
Kuder-Richardson reliability coefficients of the five subtests
Validity measure of the five subtests
Grade Equivalent Norm
Sex Equivalent Norm
Age Equivalent Norm
Percentile norm for each of the five subtests
Grade wise Analysis of Variance
Age wise Analysis of Variance
Sex wise Analysis of Variance
Caste wise Analysis of Variance
Religion wise Analysis of Variance
Medium wise Analysis of Variance
Relative contribution of demographic variables in subtest similarities
Relative contribution of demographic variables in subtest anagram
Relative contribution of demographic variables in subtest syllogistic
reasoning
Relative contribution of demographic variables in subtest data sufficiency
Relative contribution of demographic variables in subtest coding, Figures
Pie charts showing the distribution of participants according to gender, age,
grade, religion, caste and medium of instruction
Sub test wise difficulty indices compared to the mean difficulty index of the
test
Subtest wise item-total correlation coefficients
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27
29
35
35
37
38
40
41
41
41
42
44
45
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
59
60
2930
38
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Acknowledgement
Prof. Bimal Roy
Prof. Prabal Ray Chaudhuri,
Prof. Anjali Ghosh,
Indian Statistical Institute
Ms. Sumona Datta
Mrs. Sravanti Adhikari
Mrs. Anurupa Kundu
Mr. Biplab De Sarkar
Mr. Ardhendu Bhattacharya
Mr. Swarup Ghara
Dr. Rama Manna
All the staffs and office bearers of the
All the staffs and office bearers
Director, Indian Statistical Institute
Head, Psychology Research Unit
Research Fellow, Psychology Research Unit
Psychology Research Unit
Psychology Research Unit
School Education
Commissioner of School Education,
West Bengal
Dr. Subrata Biswas
Faculty of SCERT
Professor-in-charge, Social Sciences Division
Project Linked Person
Research Fellow, Psychology Research Unit
Indian Institute of Psychometry
117, B.T. Road, Kolkata-700108
Social Sciences Division and Office of the Director
Dr. Chanda Ray
Director of the SCERT
Dr. K.A. Sadat
The Secretary, DIET, Hooghly, West Bengal
Dr. Swapna Ghosh
The Secretary, DIET, Banipur, North 24 pgs, West Bengal
Participating schools
Kalyani Central Model School, Kalyani
Fatellapur High School, Belgharia
Kalyani University Experimental High School Kalyani,
Sarat Kumari Girls’ High School, Shantipur
Salimia High School, Kamarhati
NGO and Local support
PRISM, Gobardanga
Udaypur Haradayal Nag Adarsha Vidyalaya Belgharia
Mahesh Sri Ramkrishna Ashram Vidyalaya Mahesh
Rishra Anjuman High School, Rishra,
Shantipur Boys’ high school, Shantipur
Dhandageria, Debra, Balichak
Executive Summary
Differential Validity indicates differential pattern of predictor criterion relation across sub-populations.
Current study examined differential validity of computer programming related reasoning abilities. Items
of five subtests were constructed earlier to assess five verbal abilities as similarities, anagram, syllogistic
reasoning, data sufficiency and coding. In the 2012-13 session aims are to examine (a) psychometric
properties of each subtest and to examine (b) differential pattern of
reasoning across cross sections of students by sex, age, grade, community,
religion, medium of learning. Data were collected from 622 boys and 372
girls of grades 8th to 10th of different communities by religion and caste.
Test battery includes 60- items with four or five options. Test items for
lower order reasoning possessed moderate level of difficulty indices
ranged from 46.86 to 64.42. And tests for higher order reasoning possessed
high difficulty level. Almost 70% of total students performed poor. Itemtotal correlation coefficients for lower order reasoning tests ranged from 0.70 to 0.90. On the other side,
tests for higher order reasoning coefficients ranged from 0.30 to 0.45. Each sub-test has good reliability
coefficient. It ranged from 0.47 to 0.90. One percentile norm was prepared for assessing individual
differences in reasoning abilities. Correlation coefficient between each sub-test score and subject wise
examination results for only one school differentially related. One way ANOVA shows significant mean
differences in reasoning abilities by caste, religion, medium of learning, age, grade and gender.
Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION
The validity of a test concerns what the test measures and how well it does so. Fundamentally, all
procedures for determining test validity are concerned with the relationships between performance on the
test and other independently observable facts about the behavior characteristics under consideration.
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However, as the applications of tests developed and expanded concepts of validity altered accordingly
(Anastasi, 1986a).
Differential Validity:
Differential Validity refers to the case in which the magnitude of the validity coefficient (i.e. the
correlation coefficient) between a predictor and a criterion differs depending on whether the predictorcriterion relationship is measured in one sub-group versus another (e.g. Linn, 1978). The above definition
refers to Differential Validity at the most general and abstract level. There have been a number of
definitions of Differential Validity adopted, either explicitly or implicitly, by researcher throughout years
that only partially reflect Differential Validity at its most general level. For instance, Boehm (1972)
provided the first formal definition for Differential Validity stating that Differential Validity exists when:
(a) There is a significant difference between the correlation coefficient of a selection device and a
criterion obtained for one ethnic group and the correlation of the same device with the same
criterion obtained for the other group;
(b) The validity coefficients are significantly different from zero for one or both groups.”
Clearly, this is a definition of Differential Validity that is focused on making inferences about
populations from sample data. Despite problems with Boehm’s definition’s heavy reliance on statistical
significance testing and the associated statistical power issues this entails, Boehm’s definition overlaps
with and is ultimately subsumed by the more general definition of Differential Validity (Berry, 2007).
Another form of a definition for Differential Validity has focused on a distinction between Differential
Validity and single-group validity. Single-group validity refers to the case in which the predictorcriterion correlation is zero in one population and zero in another subgroup. The original formal
operational definition for the concept of single-group validity was proposed by Boehm (1972) and
adopted by later researches that focused on single-group validity research. Boehm stated that singlegroup validity existed when “a given predictor exhibits validity significantly different from zero for one
group only, and there is no significant difference between the two validity coefficients.” The reliance on
statistical significance testing is obviously cumbersome, but at a more general level, the distinction
between single group and Differential Validity is not needed. As Hunter and Schmidt (1978) and Linn
(1978) pointed out, single-group validity is simply a special case of Differential Validity. It is of interest
if validity coefficients differ for subgroups whether the validity for either subgroup is zero or not, and a
separate definition for a special case of Differential Validity is not needed (Berry, 2007).
Aim of
the study is to examine differential validity of reasoning test battery. The battery includes five sub-tests
namely, similarity, anagram, syllogistic, data sufficiency and coding. Five reasoning abilities are
important for success in computer programming (Dutta Roy, 2002). Computer programming is the craft
of writing useful, maintainable, and extensible source code which can be interpreted or compiled by a
computing system to perform a meaningful task.
Reasoning Ability:
Reasoning is concerned with inferences that are drawn from a theory, a principle, a rule, a heuristic, or a
model, so as to the individual either infers new conclusions or evaluates proposed conclusion from what
is already known (Johnson-Laird and Byrne, 1993).
Reasoning ability is central construct in numerous theories of logical related behavior. It is indispensable
in problem tasks where in experienced operations and algorithms for problem solutions are required.
Sternberg (1977) says - "we reason analogically whenever we make a decision about something new in
our experience by drawing a parallel to some thing old....” Kamphaus (2001) defined reasoning as "that
which follows a reasonable inference or natural consequence; deducible or defensible on the grounds of
consistency; reasonably believed or done". Thus, reasoning is not only drawing an inference, but also
drawing an inference which is consistent and reasonably carried out. There are different modes of
reasoning as deductive, inductive and quantitative (inductive and deductive mathematical reasoning)
reasoning (Carrol, 1989). Deductive reasoning means inferring or deducing specific statements from
premises that have general character. Inductive reasoning is the procedure of inferring from the
particular to generality.
Reasoning ability usually starts from the formal operational stage by developing the capacity for
abstract and scientific thinking. At this stage, adolescence can operate on operations and become capable
of hypothetico-deductive reasoning. When faced with a problem the adolescent starts with a general
theory of all possible factors that might affect an outcome and deduce from it specific hypotheses (or
predictions) about what might happen. Then they test these hypotheses in an orderly fashion to see which
one works in the real world.
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Social Sciences Division, ISI
Reasoning assessment is of two types: Verbal Reasoning and Non-verbal reasoning. Verbal
reasoning refers to understanding and reasoning using concepts framed in words. It aims at evaluating
ability to think constructively, rather than at simple fluency or vocabulary recognition. Non-verbal
reasoning involves drawing conclusions based on a set of facts either fictional or non fictional. Exercises
include activities like describing the similarities and differences between two pictures, finding the shape
that does not belong in a sequence of shapes, predicting what shape should next appear in the sequence,
and so on.
The Psychology of Reasoning also covers deductive and inductive reasoning. When people carry out
deductive reasoning they usually determine what conclusion, if any, necessarily follows when certain
statements or premises are assumed to be true. In Inductive reasoning, people make a generalized
conclusion from premises that describe particular instances.
Inductive reasoning corresponds to probabilistic, uncertain, approximate reasoning and as such, it
corresponds to everyday reasoning. Inductive reasoning is a multifaceted cognitive activity that is, it
involves skills of varying complexity. Again, induction is related to, and it could be argued is central to, a
number of other cognitive activities, including categorization, similarity judgment, probability judgment
and decision making (Feeney and Heit, 2007).
Considering Deductive Reasoning, Johnson-Laird and Byrne (1991) pointed out that deductive reasoning
is a central intellectual ability, which is necessary:
in order to formulate plans; to evaluate alternative actions; to
determine the consequences of assumptions and hypotheses; to
interpret and formulate instructions, rules and general principles; to
pursue arguments and negotiations; to weigh evidence and to assess
data; to decide between competing theories; and to solve problems.
A world without deduction would be a world without science,
technology, laws, social conventions and culture.
Deductive Reasoning research makes central use of logical systems- especially the propositional
calculus- to characterize the abstract structure of reasoning problems.
Reasoning has two levels –lower and higher order thinking. Finding out similarities, creating anagrams
and coding are the lower order and syllogistic reasoning and data sufficiency are the higher order. Both
orders of thinking were examined in this study.
References:
1. Anastasi, A. (1986a). Evolving concepts of test validation. Annual Review of Psychology, Vol.
37, pp-1-15.
2. Berry, CM. (2007). Toward an understanding of Evidence of Differential Validity of Cognitive
Ability test for racial/ethnic subgroups. A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate
School of the University of Minnesota.
3. Boehm, VR. (1977). Differential prediction: A methodological artifact? Journal of Applied
Psychology, Vol. 62; pp: 146-154.
4. Carroll, JB. (1989). Factor Analysis since Spearman: Where do we stand? What do we know?
Abilities, Motivation, and Methodology. Edited by Kanfer, R, Ackerman, P.L. and Cudeck, R.
(1989): Routledge; pp. 43-67.
5. Dutta Roy,D. (2002). Computer programming job analysis, Management and Labour Studies,
27,4, 255-262.
6. Feeney, A. & Heit, E. (2007). Inductive Reasoning: Experimental, developmental and
computational Approaches. Cambridge University Press.
7. Hunter, JE. & Schmidt, FL. (1978). Differential and single group validity of employment tests by
race: A critical analysis of three recent studies. Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 63 (1); pp:
1-11.
8. Johnson-Laird, PN. & Byrne, RMJ. (1991). Deduction. Hove, UK: Psychology Press.
9. Johnson-Laird, PN. & Byrne, RMJ. (1993). Précis of Deduction. The Behavioral and Brain
Sciences, Vol. 16 (2); pp: 323-333.
10. Kamphaus, RW. (2001). Clinical Assessment of child and adolescent intelligence (2nd Ed.)
Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
11. Linn, RL. (1978). Single-group validity, differential validity, and differential prediction. Journal
of Applied Psychology, Vol. 63; pp: 507-512.
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12. Sternberg, R.J. (1977). Component processes in analogical reasoning. Psychological Review.
Vol. 84 (4); pp.:353:378.
13. Summit, S. (1995, 1996). Skills needed in Programming; www.eskimo.com/`scs/ eclass/
progintro/ sx1.html. Visited on March, 18, 2013.
Chapter 2: Literature Review
Differential Validity:
Over the years, several researches in different fields have been conducted on differential validity. A large
number of researches have been carried out in the field of Educational Psychology. Also it has found its
place in other fields like Clinical Psychology and Personnel Psychology. A brief review of the literature
will therefore help reveal the extent of applicability of differential validity.
Educational Psychology: Young and Kobrin (2001) reviewed 49 published research works on
differential validity spanning over 25 years and across gender and ethnicity. A number of studies have
been conducted specifically on the differential validity of admission tests like SAT and GRE. Breland
(1979) used SAT scores and high school rank as predictor and freshman grades as criterion and found
that the median values for women were generally equal or higher than that for men. However, he could
not find discernable pattern of the validity coefficients across the different ethnic groups. Several other
researches on the same reported that minority students, especially blacks, tend to earn lower grades than
were predicted from their test scores (e.g. Clearly, 1968; Ramist, 1984; Young, 1991, 1994; cited in
Kyei-Blankson, 2005). Reynolds et al. (1979) studied differential validity of WISC-R with the reading,
spelling and arithmetic achievement for boys and girls referred for Psychological Services and found no
significant differences across sex in the magnitudes of WISC-R and achievement correlations. Huysamen
(2000) studied the differential validity of Matriculation and University performance as predictors of post
first-year performance and reported “the point-biserial correlation between mean percentage mark and
academically advantaged or non-disadvantaged group membership decreased for the same intake of
students from their first to their third year of study. Moreover, for both groups first-year percentage
marks were better predictors of subsequent performance than were matriculation marks and the
difference in the predictive correlations of the percentage marks of these groups was smaller for secondyear performance than for first-year performance”.
Clinical Psychology: Lett and Kamphaus (1997) evaluated the differential validity of the BASC Teacher
Rating Scale (TRS) and the BASIC Student Observation System (SOS) in the differentiation of
nondisabled children from children with ADHD diagnosis, and children with only an ADHD diagnosis
from children with ADHD diagnosis and a comorbid diagnosis. Results indicated that the TRS and SOS
exhibited good differential validity. Boone (1995) assessed the differential validity of the MMPI-2 subtle
and obvious scales with psychiatric inpatients and found that use of Obvious items resulted in more
accurate prediction of assessed suicide risk, while inclusion of the Subtle items did not add any useful
information in the prediction of assessed suicide risk or psychiatric diagnosis. He further recommended
that future research that uses the MMPI-2 basic clinical scales should examine the differential validity of
the Subtle and Obvious scales. Fee et al. (1993) studied the differential validity of hyperactivity/attention
deficits and conduct problems among mentally retarded children and found that conduct problems are
less strongly associated with hyperactivity and attention deficits among mentally retarded children
compared to children of normal intelligence. He also found that attention problems and conduct problems
may be associated with mental retardation in general. Heun, Muller and Papassotiropoulos (1998) in a
study on differential validity of informant based diagnosis of dementia and depression in index subjects
and in their first degree relatives concluded that observations in selected samples, i.e. subjects treated,
hospitalized and/or autopsied, cannot be generalized to first-degree relatives in family studies. Suslow
(1998) in his study on the differential validity of the Gothschalk- Gleser Anxiety Scales across gender
reported that “gender might have a differential effect on the validity of the Gothschalk- Gleser Anxiety
Scales”.
Personnel Psychology: Differential validity research has been carried out extensively in the Personnel
Psychology (e.g. Lefkowitz, 1972; Toole, 1972). Schmidt, Pearlman and Hunter (1980) tested the
validity and fairness of Employment and Educational tests for Hispanic Americans and found that the
tests are neither differentially valid for, nor unfair to, Hispanics. Rothstein and McDaniel (1992) studied
the differential validity by sex in employment settings and found that general cognitive ability may be
slightly more predictive of rated job performance for women than for men and also that in single sexdominated occupations, tests of general cognitive ability and perceptual ability are more valid for
members of the dominant sex, and these differences are more apparent at low-complexity levels. Maler
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and Fuchs (1978) in their study on differential validity of the Army Aptitude Areas for Predicting Army
Job Training performance of blacks and whites found that aptitude area scores correlated highly with
training scores for both blacks and whites. Hausdorf (1997) checked the differential validity of
employment interview decision and concluded that “structuring the interview can minimize the
potentially negative effects of interviewer biases on the reliability and validity of interview decisions”.
Nugent (1993) studied the differential validity in social work measurement and concluded that the scores
produced by different measurement instruments used in social work practice may have differential
validity characteristics.
Computer Programming Ability:
Considering the association between computer programming ability and cognition, the review of
literature reveals a both way relationship between the two. Computer programming ability indeed
requires higher cognitive functioning, but it also affects the cognition in several ways. Therefore, in this
review, computer programming ability is viewed both as an independent variable as also a dependent
variable. Also a number of researches revealing the association of computer programming ability with
other significant cognitive factors are discussed.
As Independent Variable:
Clements and Gullo (1984) in a study assessed the effects of learning computer programming on
children's cognitive style, metacognitive ability, cognitive development, and ability to describe
directions. They found that programming may influence reflectivity, divergent thinking, metacognitive ability and ability to describe directions. Liao and Bright (1991) also found that students
who learned computer programming scored higher in different cognitive tasks than those who did not
learn computer programming. However, Kurland, Roy, Clement and Mawby (1986) found that even
after extensive computer programming training for two years, it fails to affect the domain of
mathematical and reasoning abilities although both includes the same formal properties.
As Dependent Variable:
Cafolla (1987-88) studied the relationship between computer programming ability and the level of
cognitive development, verbal ability, and mathematics reasoning. He found that mathematics reasoning
and verbal ability were each significant predictors of success in computer programming. Level of
cognitive development, as defined by Piaget, also predicts success in computer programming ability.
Regression analysis showed that level of cognitive development, when combined with verbal reasoning,
is linearly predictive of programming ability. Webb (1985) also compared achievement of students
learning programming in pairs and individually and examined relationships between cognitive
abilities, style, and demographics. Though no difference could be found in programming outcomes,
but mathematics and verbal ability best predicted individual setting outcomes, while nonverbal
reasoning, spatial ability, and age best predicted learning in groups. Byrne and Lyons (2001)
examined the relationship between student results in a first year programming course and predisposition
factors of gender, prior computing experience, learning style and academic performance to date and
found that none of the variables significantly affect the computer programming abilities of the students.
White and Sivitanides (2002) studied the effect of two human cognitive characteristics namely, i)
Piaget’s cognitive development and ii) McCarthy’s cognitive hemispheric style and the learning of
specific computer programming languages. They concluded that different programming languages are
more suited for different cognitive characteristics. If the cognitive requirements for a programming
language are beyond the cognitive characteristics of a programming student, the student may burn out. If
the cognitive requirements are below the student’s cognitive characteristics the student may be bored. If
they are similar to them, the student is able to meet the challenges. Motivation, interest, self-esteem and
success may thus be optimized.
Association with other variables:
Springler and Schaefer (1984) observed the programming ability of thirty one children (3-4 years) found
a slight relationship between the computer programming ability of the children and their prediction
ability and significant improvement was observed with time. Fletcher (1984) tested the association
between the computer programming ability of college students and their cognitive abilities with regard
to spatial ability, field dependence/independence, general reasoning or non-verbal intellect,
analytic versus holistic processing, and math skills and found high positive correlation between the
computer programming ability and several cognitive abilities. However, Bennedsen and Caspersen
(2006) found that there is no correlation between stage of cognitive development (abstraction ability) and
final grade of CS1 (programming ability). Foreman (1988) examined the association of cognitive style
and ability to the initial acquisition of computer programming competence of 46 college students
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enrolled in a computer literacy course. He selected the field-independence cognitive style and three
cognitive abilities namely, logical reasoning, spatial ability, and direction following and these were
correlated to five programming component skills: (1) knowledge of BASIC syntax; (2) ability to
predict program outcome; (3) ability to design and write programs; (4) ability to debug programs;
and (5) ability to modify programs in BASIC. It was found that field-independence, logical
reasoning, and direction following were strongly related to most programming skills, while spatial
ability was related only to debugging and modification. Dutta Roy and Mallik (2000) estimated the
relative importance of nine general aptitudes for success in computer programming. They found
that aptitudes concerned with reasoning faculties are of greater importance in computer
programming than aptitudes concerned with skills. On another study, they examined the perceived
importance of computer programming aptitudes and found that comprehending aptitude, creative
aptitudes like associational fluency, inference, anagram, expressional fluency, absurdities and word
fluency as also memory for spatial position appeared to be more useful in computer programming
job (Dutta Roy, 1999).
Reasoning ability:
A huge chunk of the research in the field of cognitive psychology covers the various aspects of human
reasoning ability. The current review has focused on a number of researches on the different types of
reasoning abilities and their association with other relevant variables.
Abstract Reasoning Ability:
Torrens (1999) studied individual differences and the belief bias effect and concluded that abstract
reasoning does predict the ability to generate alternatives and the understanding of logical necessities.
Minshew, Meyer and Goldstein (2002) studied the abstract reasoning ability of autism and found
significant difference between individuals with autism and individuals from a matched control group on
almost all abstract reasoning tasks. Cronin-Golomb, Rho, Corkin and Growden (1987) tested the abstract
reasoning ability among Alzheimer’s disease and found that relational abilities may remain intact well
into the disease, whereas generational abilities may be among the cognitive skills that are impaired early
in the course of the disease. Emery, Hale and Myerson (2008) studied the age difference in abstract
reasoning and working memory under the condition of proactive interference (PI) and reported that
young adults' reasoning ability was best predicted by working memory performance under high-PI
conditions while older adults' reasoning ability was best predicted by their working memory performance
under low-PI conditions.
Mathematical Reasoning Ability:
Benbow and Stanley (1983) conducted research on the mathematical reasoning ability of pre –adolescent
students and found that by age 13 years, a large sex difference exists in mathematical reasoning ability.
Further, in a 20-year follow up study, Benbow, Lubinski, Shea and Eftekhari-Sanjani (2000) reported that
such difference in mathematical reasoning ability does predict differential educational and occupational
outcomes. Gustin and Corazza (1994) studied the predictive ability of mathematical and verbal reasoning
ability and found that they together, are the best predictors of science achievement.
Scientific reasoning ability:
Gerber, Cavallo and Marek (2001) studied the relationships among informal learning environments,
teaching procedures and scientific reasoning ability of students and found that students with enriched
informal learning environment and inquiry-based science classrooms have better science reasoning
ability than those with impoverished informal learning environment and non-inquiry based science
classrooms. Cavallo (1996) studied the interrelationship between meaningful learning, reasoning ability
and students’ understanding and solving of genetics problems and found that reasoning ability did predict
the achievement in solving genetics problems. Kwon and Lawson (2000) linked brain activities with the
development of scientific reasoning ability and conceptual change during adolescence and found that pre
–frontal activities correlated highly with scientific reasoning ability and these in turn predicted concept
gain.
Formal Reasoning Ability:
Lawson and Thompson (1988) hypothesized that following instructions, formal operational students will
reason significantly better than their concrete operational counterparts and tested 131 students. They
findings did support their hypothesis. Tobin and Capie (1982) studied the relationships between formal
reasoning ability and integrated process skill achievement and reported that formal reasoning ability is
the best predictor of process skill achievement and retention as also it correlated highly with rates of
generalizing and comprehending. Zeitoun (1989) tested the relationship abstract concept achievement
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and prior knowledge, formal reasoning ability and gender and reported that prior knowledge and formal
reasoning ability play a major role in students’ achievement of abstract concepts.
References:
1. Benbow, CP. & Stanley, JC. (1983). Sex differences in mathematical reasoning ability: more
facts. Science 2, Vol. 222 (4627); pp: 1029-1031.
2. Benbow, CP., Lubinski, D., Shea, DL. & Eftekhari-Sanjani, H. (2000). Sex differences in
mathematical reasoning ability at age 13. Their status 20 years later. Psychological Science, Vol.
11 (6); pp: 474-480.
3. Bennedsen, J. & Caspersen, ME. (2006). Abstraction ability as an indicator of success for
learning object-oriented programming? S1GCSE-Newletter: ACMS1GCSE Bulletin, Vol. 38 (2);
pp: 39-43.
4. Boone, D. (1995). Differential validity of the MMPI-2 Subtle and Obvious scales with
psychiatric inpatients: Scale 2. Journal of Clinical Psychology, Vol. 51 (4); pp: 526-531.
5. Breland, HM. (1979). Population validity and college entrance measures. Research Monograph
No. 8. New York: College Board.
6. Byrne, P. & Lyons, G. (2001). The effect of student attributes on success in programming.
Proceedings of the 6th Annual Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science
Education, pp: 49-52; ACM S1GCSE Bulletin, Vol. 33 (3), Sept. 2001; pp: 49-52.
7. Cafolla, R. (1987-88). Piagetian formal operations and other cognitive correlates of achievement
in computer programming. Journal of Educational Technology Systems, Vol. 16 (1); pp: 45-55.
8. Cavallo, AML. (1996). Meaningful learning, reasoning ability, and students understanding and
problem solving of topics in genetics. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, Vol. 33 (6); pp:
625-656.
9. Clearly, TA. (1978). Test bias: Prediction of grades of Negro and White students in integrated
colleges. Journal of Educational Measurement, Vol. 5; pp: 115-124.
10. Clements, DH. & Gullo, DF. (1984). Effects of computer programming on young children’s
cognition. Journal of Educational Psychology, Vol. 76 (6); pp: 1051-1058.
11. Dutta Roy, D. & Mallik, R. (2000). Ranking general aptitudes for success in computer
programming. Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology, Vol. 26 (1-2); pp: 135-139.
12. Dutta Roy, D. (1999). Perceived importance of computer programming aptitudes. Indian Journal
of Applied Psychology, Vol. 36; pp: 6-9.
13. Emery, L., Hale, S. & Myerson, J. (2008). Age differences in proactive interference, Working
Memory and Abstract reasoning. Psychol. Aging, Vol. 23 (3); pp: 634-645.
14. Fee, VE. , Matson, JL., Moore, LA & Benavidez, DA. (1993). The differential validity of
hyperactivity/ attention deficits and conduct problems among mentally retarded children. Journal
of Abnormal Child Psychology, Vol. 21 (1); pp: 1-11.
15. Flatcher, SH. (1984). Cognitive abilities and computer programming. Education Resources
Information Center. Record details- ED259700.
16. Foreman, KH. (1988). Cognitive style, cognitive ability and the acquisition of initial computer
programming competence. Education Resources Information Center, Record details- ED295638.
17. Gerber, BL., Cavallo, AML. & Marek, EA. (2001). Relationships among informal learning
environmentys, teaching procedures and scientific reasoning ability. International Journal of
Science Education, Vol. 23 (5); pp: 535-549.
18. Gonin-Golomb, A., Rho, WA., Corkin, S. & Growdon, JH. (1987). Abstract reasoning in agerelated neurological disease. J Neural Transm Suppl., Vol. 24; pp: 79-83.
19. Gustin, WC. & Corazza, L. (1994). Mathematical and Verbal reasoning as predictors of science
achievement. Roeper Review, Vol. 16 (3); pp: 160-162.
20. Hausdorf, PA. (1997). Understanding the impact of pre-interview information on the reliability,
validity, accuracy and differential validity of employment interview decisions: Comparisons
across interview question type, rating scale and scoring protocols. Open Access Dissertations and
Theses. Paper 3347. http://digitalcommons.mcmaster.ca/opendissertations/3347.
21. Heun, R., Muller, H. & Papassotiropoulos, A. (1998). Differential validity of informant based
diagnosis of dementia and depression in index subjects and in their first degree relatives. Social
Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, Vol. 33 (10); pp: 510-513.
22. Huysamen, GK. (2000). The differential validity of Matriculation and University performance as
predictors of post first year performance. South African Journal of Higher Education, Vol. 14
(1); pp: 146-151.
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23. Kurland, DM., Roy, DP., Clement, C. & Mawby, R. (1986). A study of the development of
programming ability and thinking skills in High School students. Journal of Educational
Computing Research. Vol. 2 (4); pp: 429-458.
24. Kwon, Y. & Lawson, AE. (2000). Linking brain growth with the development of Scientific
Reasoning Ability and Conceptual change during adolescence. Journal of Research in Science
Teaching, Vol. 37 (1); pp: 44-62.
25. Kyei-Blankson, LS. (2005). Predictive validity, Differential validity and Differential Prediction
of the subtests of the Medical College Admission Test. A Dissertation presented to the faculty of
College of Education of Ohio University.
26. Lawson, AE. & Thompson, LD. (1988). Formal reasoning ability and misconceptions concerning
genetics and natural selection. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, Vol. 25 (9); pp: 733746.
27. Lefkowitz, J. (1972). Differential validity: Ethnic group as a moderator in predicting Tenure.
Personnel Psychology, Vol. 25 (2); pp: 223-240.
28. Lett, NJ. & Kamphaus, RW. (1997). Differential validity of the BASIC Student Observation
System and the BASC Teacher Rating Scale. Canadian Journal of School Psychology: Vol. 13
(1); pp: 1-14.
29. Liaw, YC. & Bright, GW. (1991). Effects of computer programming on cognitive outcomes: A
Meta analysis. Journal of Educational Computing Research, Vol. 7 (3); pp: 251-266.
30. Malar, MH. & Fuchs, EF. (1978). Differential validity of the Army Aptitude areas for predicting
Army Job Training performance of Blacks and Whites. Army Research Institute for the
Behavioral and Social Sciences, Alexandria VA. Accession no. ADA061575. DTIC: Information
for the Defense Community.
31. Minshew, NJ., Meyer, J. & Goldstein, G. (2002). Abstract reasoning in Autism: dissociation
between concept formation and concept identification. Neuro-psychology, Vol. 16 (3); pp: 327334.
32. Nugent, WR. (1993). Differential validity in Social Work Measurement. Social Service Review,
Vol. 67 (4); pp: 631-650.
33. Ramist, L. (1984). Predictive validity of ATP Tests. In T.F. Donlon (Ed.), College Board
Technical Handbook for the Scholastic Aptitude and Achievement Tests (pp: 141-170). New
York: College Entrance Examination Board.
34. Reynolds, CR, Gutkin, TB, Dappen, L & Wright, D. (1979). Differential validity of the WISC-R
for boys and girls referred for psychological services. Perceptual and Motor Skills, Vol. 48; pp:
868-870.
35. Rothstein, HR. & McDaniel, MA. (1992). Differential validity by sex in employment settings.
Journal of Business and Psychology. Vol. 7 (1); pp: 45-62.
36. Schmidt, FL., Pearlman, K. & Hunter, JE. (1980). The validity and fairness of employment and
educational tests for Hispanic Americans: A review and analysis. Personnel Psychology, Vol. 33
(4); pp: 705-724.
37. Springle, JE. & Schaefer, L. (1984). Age, gender and spatial knowledge influences on
preschooler’s computer programming ability. Early Child Development and Care, Vol. 14 (3-4);
pp: 243-250.
38. Suslow, T. (1998). Differential validity of the Gothschalk- Gleser Anxiety Scales: Is gender a
moderator variable? Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. Vol. 39 (1); pp: 9-13.
39. Tobin, KG. & Capie, W. (1982). Relationships between formal reasoning ability, locus of
control, academic engagement and integrated process of skill achievement. Journal of Research
in Science Teaching, Vol. 19 (2); pp: 113-121.
40. Toole, DL. , Gavin, JF. , Murdy, LB. & Sells, SB. (1972). The differential validity of Personality,
Personal history and Aptitude data for minority and non minority employees. Personnel
Psychology. Vol. 25 (4); pp: 661-673.
41. Torrens, D. (1999). Individual differences and the belief bias effect: Mental models, logical
necessity and abstract reasoning. Thinking and Reasoning, Vol. 5 (1); pp: 1-28.
42. Webb, NW. (1985). Cognitive requirements of learning computer programming in group and
individual settings. AEDS Journal, Vol. 18 (3); pp: 183-194.
43. White, GL. & Sivitanidas, MP. (2002). A theory of the relationship between cognitive
requirements of computer programming languages and programmer’s cognitive characteristics.
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44. Young, JW. & Kobrin, JL. (2001). Differential validity, Differential prediction and College
Admission Testing: A comprehensive review and analysis. College Entrance Examination Board,
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45. Young, JW. (1991). Improving the prediction of college performance of ethnic minorities using
IRT- based GPA. Applied Measurement in Education, Vol. 4; pp: 229-239.
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OBJECTIVES
1. To estimate item difficulty and item-total associations of five subtests of computer programming
abilities.
2. To estimate reliability of the five subtests.
3. To examine inter subtest correlation among the five subtests.
4. To relate scores of five subtests with academic achievement scores of the students.
5. To determine norms for five subtests.
6. To examine the main and interaction effect of the demographic variables on the scores of five
subtests.
Chapter 3: Method
1: Schools participated:
1.1: Selection of Schools: Schools were selected from different rural and sub-urban areas of West
Bengal. Almost all schools were under Govt. of West Bengal. A written permission was obtained
from the Ministry of Secondary Schools of West Bengal. Schools were then directly or indirectly
contacted for data collection.
1.2: Description of the Schools: Total seven different schools participated in the study. Total number
of students was 994 (Table 3.1).
Table 3.1: Description of Schools.
Sl.
No.
School Names
Location
No. of students who participated
Medium of Instruction
1
Kalyani Central Model School
Kalyani
167
English
2
Udaypur Haradayal Nag Adarsha Vidyalaya
Belgharia
114
Bengali
3
Fatellapur High School
Nimta
66
Bengali
4
Mahesh Sri Ramkrishna Ashram Vidyalaya
Mahesh,
Rishra
153
Bengali
5
Kalyani University Experimental High School
Kalyani
196
English
6
Rishra Anjuman High School
Rishra
108
Urdu
7
Sarat Kumari Girls’ High School
Shantipur
190
Bengali
Total number of students
994
2: Participants:
2.1: Description of Participants: School wise distribution of participants is shown considering four
parameters namely, Sex, Age, Grade, Religion, Caste and Medium of Instructions (Table 3.2). It is seen
that 63 % of the total number of participants are boys while 37 % are girls. 42.60 % of the participants
were below age 13 years and 57.40 % were above age 13 years during the collection of data. Again,
43.40 % of the participants were studying in class VIII, 46.10 % were studying in class IX and 10.60 %
of the participants were studying in class X during the collection of data. 78.20 % of the participants are
Hindu while 21.80 % are of other religions like Islam, Christianity and Buddhism. Among the
participants, 47.80 % belong to general caste and 44.20 % belong to other castes (S.C, S.T, O.B.C and
Muslim). 8 % of the participants did not specify their caste. Again, 36.50 % of the participants are
studying in English medium, 52.60 % of the participants are studying in Bengali medium, and 10.90 %
are studying in Urdu medium (Fig. 3.1).
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Table 3.2: Frequency and percentage distribution of participants (n=994).
Demographic
Variable
Sex
Age
Grade
Religion
Caste
Medium of instruction
Levels
Frequency
Percentage
Grand Total
Boys
Girls
Below 13 years
Above 13 years
VIII
IX
X
Hindu
Non-Hindu
General
Non-General
Unspecified
English
Bengali
Urdu
622
372
422
571
431
458
105
777
217
475
439
080
363
523
108
63.00
37.00
42.60
57.40
43.40
46.10
10.60
78.20
21.80
47.80
44.20
08.00
36.50
52.60
10.90
994
994
994
994
994
994
Fig. 3.1: Pie charts showing the distribution of participants according to gender, age, grade, religion,
caste and medium of instruction.
2.2. Inclusion Criteria:
1. Participants should be a student of grade- VIII to X.
2. Participant should have at least basic knowledge of English language.
2.3. Exclusion Criteria:
1. Participants should be free from any kind of mental disability.
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2. Participants should not be suffering from any kind of eyesight problem.
3. Test Development:
One 60- items test battery was developed to assess five reasoning abilities - similarities, anagram,
syllogistic reasoning, data sufficiency and coding. Each subtest has 12 items with four or five options.
3.1: Description of the subtests:
Subtest 1- Similarities: It is the ability to group a set of objects on the basis of some similar properties
or to identify an item that is dissimilar. For example, among the four items, 27, 24, 36 and 12, all are
multiples of 3 but 24, 36 and 12 are even numbers. So they form a group while 27 being an odd number,
is dissimilar to others.
Subtest 2- Anagrams: It is the ability to arrange jumbled up letters in order to form a meaningful word.
For example, arranging the letters like, L W R F O E in proper sequence gives the word ‘FLOWER'.
Subtest 3- Syllogistic reasoning: It is the ability to deduce inference regarding the relationship between
objects or events, based on two or more premises. For example,
Premises:
i) All pencils are bricks
ii) Al bricks are bottles
Conclusions:
a) All pencils are bottles.
b) All bricks are pencils.
Here conclusion a follows based on the reasoning that, since all pencils are bricks and all bricks are
bottles, all pencils must be bottles. But all bricks may or may not be pencils.
Subtest 4- Data Sufficiency: It is the ability to justify the answer to a question based on the data
provided in the answer. For example,
How many students in a school eat in the canteen?
a) Half of the girls in the school eat in the canteen.
b) The canteen sells 650 meals on a daily basis.
Here the fact provided in the second statement answers the question. So the correct answer is option (b).
Subtest 5- Coding: It is the ability to code numerical and alphabets on the basis of some assumed
relationship among them. For example,
If 1=C 4=E 6=K 9=A
Then which among these is the right combination?
i) 46 ii) 19 iii) 61
iv) 94
a) AE b) EC c) AK d) CA
Options:
A) iB & iiC
B) iiD & ivA
C) iiiC & ivB
D) iiD & iiiA
Answer: B) iiD & ivA.
3.2: Procedure of Test Administration:
Sub test wise instructions are given in the questionnaire. The participants were asked to read them
initially before starting off each of the subtests. The instructions were also explained in lucid language,
sometimes in the local dialect so that the participants could understand the task properly before doing it.
In some cases, the solutions of problems were demonstrated pictorially with the help of blackboard and
chalk. Adequate time was provided to the participants. On an average, the participants took around 90
minutes to finish the entire test battery.
4. Statistical Analyses:
Statistical analyses included the following analysis:
Section A: Determining Psychometric properties of the test battery:
i) Average Difficulty Indices of each subtest
ii) Item wise Difficulty Indices
iii) Item- Total Correlation
iv) Inter-subtest correlation
v) Reliability
vi) Validity
vii) Norm
Section B: Analysis of Variance:
i) Age wise
ii) Grade wise
iii) Gender wise
iv) Religion wise
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v) Medium of Instruction wise
vi) Caste wise
Chapter 4: Results
SECTION A
1. Item Characteristics
1.1: Descriptive Statistics:
Descriptive statistics of participants:
Table 4.1.1: Descriptive statistics of participants (n=994).
Name of the Subtest
Mean
SD
1. Similarities
5.53
2.75
2. Anagram
7.88
3.82
3. Syllogistic Reasoning
1.36
1.63
4. Data sufficiency
1.70
1.53
5. Coding
5.36
3.91
6. Total
21.83
9.67
Descriptive statistics of performance of individual schools on five subtests:
Table 4.1.2: Descriptive statistics of individual schools (n=994).
Name of the Schools
Kalyani Central Model
School (n=167)
Udaypur Haradayal Nag
Adarsha Vidyalaya (n=114)
Fatellapur High School
(n=66)
Mahesh Sri Ramkrishna
Ashram Vidyalaya (n=153)
Kalyani University
Experimental High School
(n=196)
Rishra Anjuman High
School (n=108)
Sarat Kumari Girls’ High
School (n=190)
Total (n=994)
Similarities
Anagram
Data
Sufficiency
1.56
Coding
Total
9.99
Syllogistic
Reasoning
0.91
Mean
5.88
6.13
24.47
SD
Mean
2.32
4.46
2.08
5.07
0.86
0.74
1.18
1.32
4.11
2.84
6.66
14.43
SD
Mean
2.19
2.94
2.82
2.20
0.86
1.97
0.88
2.24
1.80
4.00
4.77
13.35
SD
Mean
1.72
7.19
1.68
10.41
1.81
4.12
1.63
3.60
3.43
7.62
5.95
32.95
SD
Mean
2.46
4.39
2.69
6.07
1.71
0.70
1.83
1.27
4.40
5.38
8.55
17.81
SD
Mean
2.65
7.57
3.26
10.68
0.76
0.77
1.17
1.29
3.59
6.74
7.10
27.04
SD
Mean
2.36
3.99
2.52
5.78
0.90
0.69
1.23
0.98
4.13
3.41
7.72
14.86
SD
Mean
SD
1.96
5.53
2.75
3.04
7.88
3.82
0.72
1.36
1.63
0.87
1.70
1.53
2.01
5.36
3.91
5.19
21.83
9.67
1.2: Difficulty Index: Item wise difficulty was assessed using the Difficulty Index (DI). The formula of
DI is given below:
DI= No. of correct responses/No. of total responses × 100
Out of the five subtests, item difficulty was higher in data sufficiency (M=29.10; SD=8.96) and
syllogistic reasoning (M=30.30; SD=8.04). For other subtests, DI is moderate. Respondents felt relatively
less difficulty in the problems of anagram (M=64.35; SD=9.32) and data coding (M=51.58; SD=6.04)
than similarities (M=46.86; SD=14.14) (Table 4.2.2; Fig. 4.1).
Table 4.2.1: School wise average Difficulty Indices of tests.
Name of the School
Kalyani Central Model School
Fatellapur High School
Udaypur Haradayal Nag Adarsha Vidyalaya
Mahesh Sri Ramkrishna Ashram Vidyalaya
Kalyani University Experimental High School
Rishra Anjuman High School
Sarat Kumari Girls’ High School
Similarities
51.02
32.14
40.02
65.42
66.62
38.19
34.58
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Anagrams
85.20
27.79
49.48
90.96
91.44
54.87
50.69
Reasoning Ability Test
Syllogistic Reasoning
33.04
29.73
29.71
36.64
33.95
23.42
25.65
Data Sufficiency
32.17
24.14
29.61
36.10
33.79
25.17
22.74
Coding
64.15
43.99
28.58
78.89
66.04
48.52
30.89
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Fig 4.1: Sub test wise difficulty indices compared to the mean difficulty index of the test
Table 4.2.2: Item Wise Difficulty Indices (N=994).
Items
Average Di Of Each Item
Similarities
Q1
57.19
Q2
57.33
Q3
55.87
Q4
31.44
Q5
26.62
Q6
35.75
Q7
34.26
Q8
61.95
Q9
67.92
Q 10
40.17
Q 11
58.21
Q 12
35.56
Average DI
46.86
Anagrams
Q 13
86.18
Q 14
68.82
Q 15
70.79
Q 16
50.63
Q 17
67.30
Q 18
71.01
Q 19
57.40
Q 20
59.59
Q 21
63.24
Q 22
56.84
Q 23
57.53
Q 24
63.69
Average DI
64.35
Syllogistic Reasoning
Q 25
24.14
Q 26
41.18
Q 27
28.85
Q 28
26.46
Q 29
20.60
Q 30
24.50
Q 31
21.44
Q 32
32.00
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Q 33
25.04
Q 34
39.41
Q 35
43.88
Q 36
36.16
Average DI
30.31
Data Sufficiency
Q 37
17.42
Q 38
14.83
Q 39
37.89
Q 40
38.18
Q 41
30.93
Q 42
38.28
Q 43
26.78
Q 44
23.26
Q 45
28.72
Q 46
19.31
Q 47
32.29
Q 48
41.33
Average DI
29.10
Data Coding
Q 49
53.73
Q 50
63.92
Q 51
57.30
Q 52
53.77
Q 53
56.05
Q 54
50.78
Q 55
46.53
Q 56
52.93
Q 57
48.60
Q 58
46.68
Q 59
41.06
Q 60
47.59
Average DI
51.58
1.3: Item-Total Correlation: Item-total score correlation coefficients indicate the content validity of the
test. Out of the five subtests, item-total correlation coefficients are higher in coding (Mdn=0.90),
anagram (Mdn=0.90) and similarities (Mdn=0.76) than data sufficiency (Mdn=0.48) and syllogistic
reasoning (Mdn=0.28). Poor item-total correlation in syllogistic reasoning and data sufficiency
subtests indicate incongruity in item responses (Table.4.3.1-4.3.5; Fig. 4.2).
Table.4.3.1: Sub Test 1: Similarities
Items
Phi-Coefficient
Chi-Square
p-level
1
0.76
1.93
0.00
2
0.83
2.31
0.00
3
0.75
1.87
0.00
4
0.41
55.78
0.00
5
0.57
1.11
0.00
6
0.48
76.24
0.00
7
0.62
1.27
0.00
8
0.77
1.97
0.00
9
0.78
2.03
0.00
10
0.80
2.11
0.00
11
0.80
2.11
0.00
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12
Median
1.60
0.00
Table.4.3.2: Sub Test 2: Anagram
Items
Phi-Coefficient
1
0.56
2
0.77
3
0.86
4
0.89
5
0.91
6
0.89
7
0.95
8
0.93
9
0.90
10
0.92
11
0.92
12
0.86
Median
0.90
Chi-Square
1.31
2.48
3.10
3.36
3.46
3.33
3.79
3.68
3.39
3.57
3.60
3.10
p-level
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Table.4.3.3: Sub Test 3: Syllogistic Reasoning
Items
Phi-Coefficient
1
0.23
2
0.39
3
0.53
4
0.38
5
.035
6
0.00
7
0.20
8
0.05
9
0.31
10
0.35
11
0.67
12
0.24
Median
0.28
Chi-Square
33.65
94.50
1.77
92.23
75.82
0.00
24.88
1.87
62.33
78.57
2.76
35.58
p-level
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.97
0.00
0.17
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Table.4.3.4: Sub Test 4: Data Sufficiency
Items
Phi-Coefficient
1
0.64
2
0.25
3
0.34
4
0.51
5
0.66
6
0.46
7
0.59
8
0.17
9
0.49
10
0.13
11
0.37
12
0.58
Median
0.48
Chi-Square
1.90
29.68
53.34
1.23
1.56
0.58
1.61
13.31
1.11
8.10
66.06
1.56
p-level
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Table.4.3.5: Sub Test 5: Data Coding
Phi-Coefficient
Chi-Square
0.83
2.65
0.91
3.20
0.90
3.09
p-level
0.00
0.00
0.00
Items
1
2
3
0.70
0.76
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4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Median
0.80
0.89
0.94
0.93
0.86
0.92
0.89
0.90
0.91
0.90
135
2.43
3.06
3.40
3.32
2.83
3.25
3.05
3.08
3.16
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Fig.4.2: Subtest wise item-total correlation coefficients (N=994).
1.4: Inter-correlation among subtests: For test development, associations among the sub constructs are
important to understand. Inter-subtest correlation and subtest-total correlation coefficients are the
indicators of content validity of overall test. This is possible when all the subtests are measuring the
common construct. Current study examined computer programming related reasoning abilities. Results
shows that inter subtest correlation and subtest total correlations were highly positive and significant.
Similarities, anagram and coding are more correlated with each other as also with the total score in a
significant manner. On the other hand, syllogistic reasoning and data sufficiency are more correlated with
each other and less with the total score in comparison with others (Table.4.4).
Table.4.4: Inter Correlation among subtests (N=994).
Mean
SD
1
2
3
4
5
6
1. Similarities
5.53 2.75
1.00
2. Anagram
7.88 3.82
0.56**
1.00
3. Syllogistic Reasoning
1.36 1.63
0.25**
0.21**
1.00
**
**
4. Data sufficiency
1.70 1.53
0.27
0.15
0.55**
1.00
5. Coding
5.36 3.91
0.42**
0.40**
0.27**
0.27**
1.00
6. Total
21.83 9.67
0.76**
0.77**
0.52**
0.50**
0.77**
1.00
** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
1.5: Reliability Measure: Reliability of the subtests is assessed by Kuder-Richardson Formula 20. The
formula is follows:
Where, K is the number of test items (i.e. the length of the test), p is the proportion of correct responses
to the test item, q is the proportion of incorrect responses to the test item (so that p + q = 1), and the
variance for the denominator is
Where, n is the total sample size.
The reliability coefficients are found to be very high for anagrams (r=0.90) and coding (r=0.88), followed
by similarities (n=0.70) and syllogistic reasoning (r=0.65). Reliability coefficient of data sufficiency is
found to be relatively lower (r=0.47). This indicates high internal consistency of the test (Table.4.5).
Table.4.5: Kuder-Richardson reliability coefficients of the five subtests (N=994).
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136
Name of the subtest
Kuder- Richardson Reliability Coefficient
Similarities
0.70
Anagrams
0.90
Syllogistic Reasoning
0.65
Data Sufficiency
0.47
Coding
0.88
1.6: Validity Measure:
Validity measure of the test has been obtained by correlating the sub test scores with the academic
achievement scores of 153 male students (Table 4.6). All the subtests are found to be positively and
significantly correlated with the academic achievement total score (except anagram and syllogistic
reasoning) as also with the different subjects.
Table.4.6: Validity measure of the five subtests (N=153).
Similarities
Anagram
Syllogistic
Data
Data
Total Test
Reasoning
Sufficiency
Coding
Score
Academic
0.23**
0.11
0.15
0.20**
0.32**
0.34**
Achievement
Total Score
Bengali
0.27**
0.19*
0.15
0.19*
0.25**
0.34**
English
0.16*
0.11
0.17*
0.17*
0.32**
0.32**
Sanskrit
0.16*
0.04
0.16*
0.15
0.28**
0.27**
Physical
0.17*
0.08
0.16*
0.21**
0.26**
0.29**
Science
Life Science
0.14
0.03
0.12
0.14
0.28**
0.25**
Math
0.22**
0.09
0.18*
0.18*
0.32**
0.33**
History
0.22*
0.16*
0.21**
0.19*
0.23**
0.32**
Geography
0.16*
0.05
0.11
0.19*
0.26**
0.26**
W.E & P.E
0.01
-0.05
-0.09
0.07
0.14
0.06
Computer
0.22**
0.12
0.00
0.20**
0.27**
0.28**
ENVS
0.41**
0.28**
0.09
0.17*
0.35**
0.44**
** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
1.7: Norm:
4.6.1: Grade Equivalent Norm (n=994):
Name of the subtests
Grade
Mean
SD
5.20
2.56
Similarities
VIII
5.90
2.88
IX
5.33
2.74
X
7.65
3.84
Anagram
VIII
8.11
3.80
IX
7.80
3.78
X
1.30
1.75
Syllogistic Reasoning
VIII
1.51
1.63
IX
0.93
0.91
X
1.64
1.55
Data Sufficiency
VIII
1.80
1.57
IX
1.50
1.17
X
4.87
3.70
Coding
VIII
5.65
3.94
IX
6.06
4.34
X
4.6.2: Sex Equivalent Norm (n=994):
Name of the subtests
Sex
Mean
SD
5.96
2.78
Similarities
Boys
4.80
2.54
Girls
Anagram
Boys
Girls
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8.24
7.26
3.76
3.83
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Syllogistic Reasoning
Boys
Girls
1.63
0.90
1.85
1.04
Data Sufficiency
Boys
Girls
1.92
1.31
1.65
1.20
Boys
Girls
4.6.3: Age Equivalent Norm (n=994):
Name of the subtests
Age
Similarities
Below 13 years
Above 13 years
5.68
4.81
4.13
3.44
Mean
5.15
5.81
SD
2.56
2.86
Anagram
Below 13 years
Above 13 years
7.37
8.25
3.77
3.81
Syllogistic Reasoning
Below 13 years
Above 13 years
1.15
1.51
1.53
1.69
Data Sufficiency
Below 13 years
Above 13 years
1.49
1.84
1.49
1.54
Coding
Below 13 years
Above 13 years
4.61
5.90
3.54
4.08
Coding
1.8: Percentile Norm:
Percentile norm has been established for each of the subtests (Table 4.7). Using this norm, a new score
can be interpreted based on this norm. When comparing individuals in a particular subtest, their scores
can be plotted against the percentile norm for that particular subtest. Such a norm will facilitate the direct
comparison among subjects on a particular subtest.
Table.4.7: Percentile norm for each of the five subtests (n=994).
P10
P20
P30
P40
P50
P60
P70
P80
P90
Similarities
2.45
3.80
4.44
5.08
5.73
6.37
7.29
Anagram
2.98
4.43
5.61
7.01
9.08
9.99
10.62
Syllogistic
Reasoning
0.86
1.23
1.59
1.96
2.32
2.68
3.05
Data
Sufficiency
0.89
1.28
1.67
2.06
2.45
2.84
3.23
Data
Coding
1.52
2.55
3.56
4.42
5.28
6.14
7.77
8.28
11.25
3.41
3.94
9.79
9.26
11.87
4.87
5.30
11.14
SECTION B
Analysis of Variance:
1. Demography wise Analysis of Variance:
1.1: Grade wise Analysis of Variance: Students of three grades, VIII (n=431), IX (n=458) and X
(n=105) differed in their levels of reasoning in similarities F (1,992) =7.63, p<0.00, coding F (1,992)
=6.55, p<0.00 and in syllogistic F (1,992) =5.85, p<0.00. Participants of grade IX performed better than
the others in similarities (M=5.90; SD=2.88), anagram (M=8.11; SD=3.80), syllogistic reasoning
(M=1.51; SD=1.63) and data sufficiency ((M=1.80; SD=1.57) while the participants of grade X
performed the best in subtest coding (M=6.06; SD=4.34) (Table 4.8).
Table.4.8: Grade wise Analysis of Variance (n=994):
Name of the subtest
Grade
Mean
SD
F value
p-value df
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138
1. Similarities
VIII (n=431)
5.20
2.56
7.63**
0.00
1,992
IX (n=458)
5.90
2.88
X (n=105)
5.33
2.74
Grand Mean (n=994)
5.53
2.75
2. Anagram
VIII (n=431)
7.65
3.84
1.70
0.18
993
IX (n=458)
8.11
3.80
X (n=105)
7.80
3.78
Grand Mean (n=994)
7.88
3.82
3. Syllogistic Reasoning VIII (n=431)
1.30
1.75
5.85**
0.00
993
IX (n=458)
1.51
1.63
X (n=105)
0.93
0.91
Grand Mean (n=994)
1.36
1.63
4. Data Sufficiency
VIII (n=431)
1.64
1.55
2.20
0.11
993
IX (n=458)
1.80
1.57
X (n=105)
1.50
1.17
Grand mean(n=994)
1.70
1.53
5. Coding
VIII (n=431)
4.87
3.70
6.55**
0.00
993
IX (n=458)
5.65
3.94
X (n=105)
6.06
4.34
Grand Mean (n=994)
5.36
3.91
** p value<0.01 *p value<0.05
1.2: Age wise Analysis of Variance: The participants are classified into two age groups, below 13 years
(n=423) and above 13 years (n=571). Analysis of variance reveals that the two age groups differed
significantly in all the subtests, namely, coding F (1,992) =27.07, p<0.00, similarities F (1,992) =14.71,
p<0.00, data sufficiency F (1,992) =13.44, p<0.00, anagram F (1,992) =12.98, p<0.00 and syllogistic
reasoning F (1,992) =11.95, p<0.00. It is seen that the participants of age group above 13 years
performed better than the younger group in subtests on similarities (M=5.81; SD=2.86), anagram
(M=8.25; SD=3.81), syllogistic reasoning (M=1.51; SD=1.69), data sufficiency (M=1.84; SD=1.54) and
coding (M=5.90; SD=4.08) (Table.4.9).
Table.4.9: Age wise Analysis of Variance (n=994):
Name of the subtest
Age
Mean
SD
F value
p-value df
1. Similarities
Below 13 (n=423)
5.15
2.56
14.71** 0.00
993
Above 13 (n=571)
5.81
2.86
Grand Mean (n=994)
5.53
2.75
2. Anagram
Below 13 (n=423)
7.37
3.77
12.98** 0.00
993
Above 13 (n=571)
8.25
3.81
Grand Mean (n=994)
7.88
3.82
3. Syllogistic Reasoning
Below 13 (n=423)
1.15
1.53
11.95** 0.00
993
Above 13 (n=571)
1.51
1.69
Grand Mean (n=994)
1.36
1.63
4. Data Sufficiency
Below 13 (n=423)
1.49
1.49
13.44** 0.00
993
Above 13 (n=571)
1.84
1.54
Grand mean(n=994)
1.70
1.53
5. Coding
Below 13 (n=423)
4.61
3.54
27.07** 0.00
993
Above 13 (n=571)
5.90
4.08
Grand Mean (n=994)
5.36
3.91
** p value<0.01 *p value<0.05
1.3: Sex wise Analysis of Variance: Analysis of variance reveals that both boys and girls (Boys=622;
Girls=372) differed significantly in all the five subtests namely, syllogistic reasoning F (1,992) =48.75,
p<0.00, similarities F (1,992) =42.81, p<0.00, data sufficiency F (1,992) =38.01, p<0.00, anagram F
(1,992) =15.71, p<0.00, and coding F (1,992) =11.79, p<0.00. It is seen that the boys performed better
than the girls in subtests similarities (M=5.96; SD=2.78), anagram (M=8.24; SD=3.76), syllogistic
reasoning (M=1.63; SD=1.85), data sufficiency (M=1.92; SD=1.65) and coding (M=5.68; SD=4.13)
(Table.4.10).
Table.4.10: Sex wise Analysis of Variance (n=994):
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
Sex
Mean
SD
F value
p-value df
Boys (n=622)
5.96
2.78
42.81**
0.00
993
Girls (n=372)
4.80
2.54
Grand Mean (n=994) 5.53
2.75
2. Anagram
Boys (n=622)
8.24
3.76
15.71**
0.00
993
Girls (n=372)
7.26
3.83
Grand Mean (n=994) 7.88
3.82
Syllogistic
Reasoning
3.
Boys (n=622)
1.63
1.85
48.75**
0.00
993
Girls (n=372)
0.90
1.04
Grand Mean (n=994) 1.36
1.63
4. Data Sufficiency
Boys (n=622)
1.92
1.65
38.01**
0.00
993
Girls (n=372)
1.31
1.20
Grand mean(n=994)
1.70
1.53
5. Coding
Boys (n=622)
5.68
4.13
11.79**
0.00
993
Girls (n=372)
4.81
3.44
Grand Mean (n=994) 5.36
3.91
** p value<0.01 *p value<0.05
1.4: Caste wise Analysis of Variance: Among the participants, 475 are of General category, 439 belong
to others (S.C, S.T, O.B.C. and Muslim) and 80 participants did not respond. ANOVA results show that
the students significantly differ among themselves in all the five subtests namely, similarities F (1,992)
=34.79, p<0.00, anagram F (1,992) =34.76, p<0.00, data sufficiency F (1,992) =11.88, p<0.00, coding F
(1,992) =9.48, p<0.00 and syllogistic reasoning F (1,992) =9.30, p<0.00. The general students performed
better than the others in the subtests similarities (M=6.18; SD=2.67), anagram (M=8.75, SD=3.48) and
Coding (M=5.57; SD=4.06). However, the non-general students outperformed the general students in the
subtests syllogistic reasoning (M=1.37; SD=1.65) and data sufficiency (M=1.71; SD=1.55) (Table 4.11).
Table.4.11: Caste wise Analysis of Variance (n=994):
Name of the subtest
Caste
Mean
SD
F value
p-value df
1. Similarities
General (n=475)
6.18
2.67
34.79**
0.00
993
Non-General (n=439) 5.14
2.76
Unspecified (n=80)
3.85
1.94
Grand Mean (n=994) 5.53
2.75
2. Anagram
General (n=475)
8.75
3.48
34.76**
0.00
993
Non-General (n=439) 7.37
3.99
Unspecified (n=80)
5.45
3.21
Grand Mean (n=994) 7.88
3.82
3. Syllogistic Reasoning General (n=475)
1.37
1.65
9.30**
0.00
993
Non-General (n=439) 1.48
1.70
Unspecified (n=80)
0.63
0.64
Grand Mean (n=994) 1.36
1.63
4. Data Sufficiency
General (n=475)
1.71
1.55
11.88**
0.00
993
Non-General (n=439) 1.82
1.56
Unspecified (n=80)
0.92
0.85
Grand mean(n=994)
1.70
1.53
5. Coding
General (n=475)
5.57
4.06
9.48**
0.00
993
Non-General (n=439) 5.44
3.92
Unspecified (n=80)
3.56
2.04
Grand Mean (n=994) 5.36
3.91
** p value<0.01 *p value<0.05
1.5: Religion wise Analysis of Variance: Among the participants, 777 are Hindu and 217 are Non-Hindu
(Islam, Christianity and Buddhism). ANOVA results show that the two religious groups differed
significantly in their performance on anagram F (1,992) =105.80, p<0.00, similarities F (1,992) =83.34,
p<0.00, and syllogistic reasoning F (1,992) =5.28, p<0.02 subtests. The Hindu students outperformed the
Non-Hindu students in subtests similarities (M=5.93; SD=2.69), anagram (M=8.50; SD=3.58), syllogistic
reasoning (M=1.42; SD=1.69), data sufficiency (M=1.72; SD=1.56) and coding (M=5.47; SD=3.97)
(Table 4.12).
1.
Name of the subtest
Similarities
139
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
140
Social Sciences Division, ISI
Table.4.12: Religion wise Analysis of Variance (n=994):
Name of the subtest
Religion
Mean
SD
F value
p-value df
1. Similarities
Hindu (n=777)
5.93
2.69
83.34**
0.00
993
Non-Hindu (n=217)
4.08
2.45
Grand Mean (n=994)
5.53
2.75
2. Anagram
Hindu (n=777)
8.50
3.58
105.80** 0.00
993
Non-Hindu (n=217)
5.63
3.79
Grand Mean (n=994)
7.88
3.82
3. Syllogistic Reasoning Hindu (n=777)
1.42
1.69
5.28*
0.02
993
Non-Hindu (n=217)
1.13
1.38
Grand Mean (n=994)
1.36
1.63
4. Data Sufficiency
Hindu (n=777)
1.72
1.56
1.48
0.22
993
Non-Hindu (n=217)
1.58
1.38
Grand mean(n=994)
1.70
1.53
5. Coding
Hindu (n=777)
5.47
3.97
3.06
0.08
993
Non-Hindu (n=217)
4.94
3.65
Grand Mean (n=994)
5.36
3.91
** p value<0.01 *p value<0.05
1.6: Medium wise Analysis of Variance: Participants are from three different medium of instructions,
English (n=363), Bengali (n=523) and Urdu (n=108). Analysis of Variance show that the three groups
differed significantly among themselves in all the five subtests namely, anagram F (1,992) =160.21,
p<0.00, similarities F (1,992) =69.54, p<0.00, syllogistic reasoning F (1,992) =59.08, p<0.00, coding F
(1,992) =25.73, p<0.00 and data sufficiency F (1,992) =20.36, p<0.00. The participants studying in
English medium outperformed others in the subtests similarities (M=6.79; SD=2.48), Anagram
(M=10.36; SD=2.35) and Coding (M=6.46; SD=4.12) while participants studying in Bengali medium
performed the best in syllogistic reasoning (M=1.86; SD=1.97) and data sufficiency (M=1.98; SD=1.72)
(Table 4.13).
Table.4.13: Medium wise Analysis of Variance (n=994):
Name of the subtest
Medium of Instruction Mean SD
F value
p-value df
1.
Similarities
English (n=363)
6.79
2.48
69.54** 0.00
993
Bengali (n=523)
4.89
2.63
Urdu (n=108)
4.38
2.65
Grand Mean (n=994)
5.53
2.75
2.
Anagram
English (n=516)
10.36 2.35
160.21* 0.00
993
*
Bengali (n=370)
6.52
2.87
Urdu (n=108)
6.07
3.25
Grand Mean (n=994)
7.88
3.82
3.
Syllogistic Reasoning
English (n=516)
0.83
0.88
59.08** 0.00
993
Bengali (n=370)
1.86
1.97
Urdu (n=108)
0.70
0.76
Grand Mean (n=994)
1.36
1.63
4.
Data Sufficiency
English (n=516)
1.41
1.21
20.36** 0.00
993
Bengali (n=370)
1.98
1.72
Urdu (n=108)
1.26
1.17
Grand mean(n=994)
1.70
1.53
5.
Coding
English (n=516)
6.46
4.12
25.73** 0.00
993
Bengali (n=370)
4.59
3.62
Urdu (n=108)
5.37
3.58
Grand Mean (n=994)
5.36
3.91
** p value<0.01 *p value<0.05
2. Relative contribution of the different demographic variables in the five subtests:
2.1. Similarities Subtest: Students differed in reasoning of similarities more by religion F
(1,992) =83.34, p<0.00, medium of instruction F (1,992) =69.54, p<0.00, sex F (1,992)
=42.81, p<0.00 and caste F (1,992) =34.79, p<0.00 than age F (1,992) =14.71, p<0.00 and
grade F (1,992) =7.63, p<0.00 (Table 4.14).
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
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141
Table 4.14: Relative contribution of demographic variables in subtest similarities (n=994).
Variable
F Ratio
p value
df
Grade
7.63**
0.00
1, 992
Age
14.71**
0.00
1, 992
Sex
42.81**
0.00
1, 992
Caste
34.79**
0.00
1, 992
Religion
83.34**
0.00
1, 992
Medium of Instruction
69.54**
0.00
1, 992
** p value<0.01 *p value<0.05
2.2. Anagram Subtest: Students differed in reasoning of anagrams more by medium of
instruction F (1,992) =160.21, p<0.00, religion F (1,992) =105.80, p<0.00, caste F (1,992)
=34.76, p<0.00 and sex F (1,992) =15.71, p<0.00 than age F (1,992) =12.98, p<0.00. The
students did not differ by grade F (1,992) =1.70, p<0.18 (Table 4.15).
Table 4.15: Relative contribution of demographic variables in subtest anagram (n=994).
Variable
F Ratio
p value
df
Grade
1.70
0.18
1, 992
Age
12.98**
0.00
1, 992
Sex
15.71**
0.00
1, 992
Caste
34.76**
0.00
1, 992
Religion
105.80**
0.00
1, 992
Medium of Instruction
160.21**
0.00
1, 992
** p value<0.01 *p value<0.05
2.3. Syllogistic Reasoning Subtest: Students differed in subtest syllogistic reasoning more by
medium of instruction F (1,992) =59.08, p<0.00, sex F (1,992) =48.75, p<0.00, age F (1,992)
=11.95, p<0.00 and caste F (1,992) =9.30, p<0.00 than grade F (1,992) =5.85, p<0.00 and
religion F (1,992) =5.28, p<0.00 (Table 4.16).
Table 4.16: Relative contribution of demographic variables in subtest syllogistic reasoning
(n=994).
Variable
F Ratio
p value
df
Grade
5.85**
0.00
1, 992
Age
11.95**
0.00
1, 992
Sex
48.75**
0.00
1, 992
Caste
9.30**
0.00
1, 992
Religion
5.28*
0.02
1, 992
Medium of Instruction
59.08**
0.00
1, 992
** p value<0.01 *p value<0.05
2.4. Data Sufficiency Subtest: Students differed in subtest data sufficiency more by sex F
(1,992) =38.01, p<0.00, medium of instruction F (1,992) =20.36, p<0.00, age F (1,992) =13.44,
p<0.00 and caste F (1,992) =11.88, p<0.00. However, they did not differ by Grade F (1,992)
=2.20, p<0.11 and religion F (1,992) =1.48, p<0.22 (Table 4.17).
Table 4.17: Relative contribution of demographic variables in subtest data sufficiency (n=994).
Variable
F Ratio
p value
df
Grade
2.20
0.11
1, 992
Age
13.44**
0.00
1, 992
Sex
38.01**
0.00
1, 992
Caste
11.88**
0.00
1, 992
Religion
1.48
0.22
1, 992
Medium of Instruction
20.36**
0.00
1, 992
** p value<0.01 *p value<0.05
2.4. Coding Subtest: Students differed in subtest coding more by age F (1,992) =27.07, p<0.00
and medium of instruction F (1,992) =25.73, p<0.00 than sex F (1,992) =11.79, p<0.00, caste F
(1,992) =9.48, p<0.00 and grade F (1,992) =6.55, p<0.00. However, they did not differ by
religion F (1,992) =3.06, p<0.08 (Table 4.18).
Table 4.18: Relative contribution of demographic variables in subtest coding (n=994).
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Social Sciences Division, ISI
142
Variable
Grade
Age
Sex
Caste
Religion
Medium of Instruction
** p value<0.01 *p value<0.05
F Ratio
6.55**
27.07**
11.79**
9.48**
3.06
25.73**
p value
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.08
0.00
df
1, 992
1, 992
1, 992
1, 992
1, 992
1, 992
SUMMARY
1. Computer programming related reasoning ability test battery is reliable and valid instrument to
assess both lower and higher order reasoning abilities.
2. Test battery includes five sub-tests – similarities, anagram, syllogistic reasoning, data sufficiency
and coding. Out of the five, difficulty index is low in syllogistic and data sufficiency.
3. All the sub-tests are positively related to each other. Similarities, anagram and coding formed
one group. Syllogistic and reasoning of data sufficiency formed another group.
4. Kuder-Richardson reliability is also high suggesting good internal consistency among the items
of each sub-test. Median co-efficient is 0.70.
5. All five sub-tests are correlated with academic achievement in a positive manner.
6. Five reasoning abilities varied with grade, age, sex, caste, religion and medium of instruction.
7. Future research will examine (a) test-retest reliability; (b) differential validity of each subtest.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
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143
Data Gap in Gender Statistics: Women in Mining Industry
Molly Chattopadhyay and Sonali Chakraborty
Interim Report for the year 2012-2013
Plan project (2012-2015)
I
Introduction
The purpose of this project is to identify data gap in gender statistics in Indian mining sector. There are
different agencies that are collecting and disseminating data on mining sector, particularly in respect of
male-female distribution of labour. As per Director General of Mines Safety (2010), male workers
comprise 95% of total workers as against 5% of female workers. On the contrary, Census of India (2011)
reveals that there are 81% male workers and 19% female workers in mining and quarrying sector. The
scope of the project is to evaluate official statistics on mining covering all over India from 1991 to 2011.
This interim report presents the work done between March 2012 to April 2013. The report looks into
different sources of official data, their limitations and mineral picture of West Bengal.
II
Sources of data on mining industry
To know the data gap in mining industry, the sources of data in mining industry and different rules and
regulations framed by governments need to be investigated. Following organizations regularly collect and
disseminate data on mining activities of India:
1. Director General of Mines Safety (DGMS)
2. The Ministry of Mines
3. Geological Survey of India (GSI)
4. Indian Bureau of Mines (IBM)
III
Data gap in number of operating mines and miners
It is observed from Table 1 that there is discrepancy in the number of mines between three agencies i.e.
DGMS, IBM, and Ministry of Mines. There is considerable similarity in the data between IBM and
Ministry of Mines. In case of coal mines, number of operating mines as reported by DGMS is higher than
IBM and Ministry of Mines. But the number of total operating mines is considerably less as reported by
DGMS than IBM and Ministry of Mines.
Table 1. Number of operating mines in India
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
DGMS
Coal
569
583
590
Non-coal
1971
1972
2002
Total
2540
2555
2592
IBM
Coal
570
574
573
Metallic
691
719
701
Non-metallic
1762
1857
1782
Total
3023
3150
3056
Ministry of Mines
Coal (including lignite)
570
574
560
Metallic
691
719
701
Non-metallic
1681
1857
1779
Total
2942
3150
3040
Source: Annual Reports, DGMS, IBM and Ministry of Mines
2010-2011
2011-12
590
1967
2557
NA
NA
NA
573
687
1668
2928
NA
NA
NA
NA
573
687
1668
2928
573
553
1523
2649
With the increase in production, employment in mines has also increased in the beginning but started
declining from 1991 (Table 2). The decline in the number of miners between 1991 and 2010 is by 29%.
There is discrepancy in the number of miners also between DGMS and IBM (Table 3). Also, there is
difference in the data collected by NSSO and Census. As per employment-unemployment surveys of
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
144
Social Sciences Division, ISI
NSSO, the number of miners has increased by 26% between 1999-00 and 2009-10 while Census shows is
almost double that is increase by 50% between 1991 and 2011 (Table 4).
Table 2. Average employment in mines from 1951 to 2010 (in million)
Year
Average employment
Total
Coal
Non-coal
1951
351.9
197.1
549.0
1961
411.2
259.7
670.9
1971
382.3
234.9
617.2
1981
513.4
221.9
735.3
1991
554.1
200.2
754.3
2011
368.9
165.6
534.5
Source: DGMS.
Table 3. Employment in Mines
2007-08
2008-09
DGMS
Coal
369414
374000
Non-coal
179661
188664
Total
549075
562644
IBM
Total
537327
519835
Source: Annual Reports, DGMS and IBM
2009-10
2010-2011
390000
185022
575022
NA
NA
NA
521425
518419
Table 4. Male-female distribution of employment in mines as per NSSO and Census of India
NSSO increase by 26% from 1999-00 to 2009-10
1999-2000
2004-05
2009-10
No. of miners
2.3 million
2.6 million
2.9 million
Share in employment
0.6%
0.6%
0.6%
Census increase by 50 % from 1991 to 2011
Year
Male
Female
Total
1991
996856
140383
1137239
2001
1714294
320378
2034672
2011
1386882
324452
1711334
Source: Employment-unemployment Report, NSSO, 1999-2000 and 2009-10, Census of India 1991,
2001, 2011.
Let us explore the reasons behind anomalous data on number of mines and miners. In India, we have two
major Central Govt. organisations controlling the mining sector namely the Directorate General of Mines
Safety (DGMS) and the Indian Bureau of Mines (IBM). DGMS implements the provisions of the Mines
Act (1952) exclusively in the field of safety and labour welfare, restricting the sphere of activities of the
DGMS (Mines Inspectors) in this specific category of tiny mines because chances of fatal and serious
accidents in such tiny mines are minimal. In the case of IBM also such tiny Small Mines are exempt from
their control because these mines are really “Minor Minerals” mines, which are specifically exempt from
the jurisdiction of IBM according to The Mines and Minerals Regulation and Development Act, 1957
(MMRD). Therefore, both the Mines Act’52 and the MMRD Act’57 have no scope of defining SmallScale Mining. Moreover, DGMS statistics are on calendar year basis and IBM records are on the basis of
financial year – April to March. Thus, the statistical records of these two organizations are somewhat
different.
V
Mineral Resources of West Bengal
West Bengal stands third in the country in terms of mineral production. The state contributes about onefifth to the total production of minerals in the country. Coal constitutes 99% of the minerals extracted in
West Bengal. The state has rich deposits of coal, rock phosphate, granite, manganese, silica, fire clay,
road metal, quartz, apatite, dolomite, feldspar, limestone and others. Table 6 presents mineral picture of
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West Bengal as reported by DGMS. Excepting coal mines, presence of female miners is negligible in
other mines as shown in Table 5.
Table 5. Number of Mines and Miners in West Bengal in 2010
Mineral
No. of Mines
No. of Workers
Total
Men
Women
Coal
105
55859
2979
58838
Apatite
1
166
3
169
China Clay
6
511
511
Dolomite
1
31
31
Felspar
1
Fireclay
1
18
18
Stone
15
789
28
817
Source: DGMS
Number of coal mines in West Bengal has slightly decreased in a span of almost 20 year and number of
workers has declined on a regular basis. Stone mines, sand mines and brickfields are considered as minor
minerals that lie within the jurisdiction of respective state governments. The exact figures for brickfields
are nearly impossible to get because in Hooghly district alone, there are 311 unauthorised brickfields,
only 40 brickfields are authorised (DLRO, Hooghly). There are approximately 100 sand mines in West
Bengal (data supplied by District Land and Land Reform Officer, Hooghly, and Midnapore). Employees
are recruited on contract basis, therefore correct figure of employees are not available. In Hooghly
district, there are 37 sand mines located in Arambagh, Goghat I, and Purshura. On an average 700
workers per day is employed in Sand mines; none of these sand mines employ female workers.
Regarding Stone-mines, there are 268 stone mines in Birbhum district alone. Each mine recruits 18
workers (16 male + 2 females). Approximately, there are 4824 workers (4288 males and 536 female)
(Assistant Labour Commissioner, Birbhum).
Wages Average weekly earnings have increased as recommended by Minimum Wage Board. Since
most of the coal mines belong to the public sector, there is apparently no sex discrimination in wage
payment (Table 7). Wage rate of private sector coal mines are not available from official statistics. In the
next year, selected private coal mines will be taken up to examine gender discrimination, if any, in
payment of daily wages.
Table7. Number of mines, workers and average weekly earnings (In Rs.) in coal mines, West
Bengal
Year
No. of units
No. of workers
Average weekly earnings
1990
119
108272
553
2000
105
82158
1690
2003
100
72887
2352
2004
100
70617
2672
2005
101
69476
2853
2006
100
64525
3109
2007
99
63000
4186
2008
100
64000
4345
2009
105
62000
4949
Source: Statistical Abstract, 2009, Govt. of West Bengal
Stone mines are liable to recruit Mines mate who hold at least diploma certificate in Mining engineering
as per Mines Act and they have to be paid a salary of Rs. 30000 (approx.). All the mines owners are not
following the rule per se; they recruit experienced persons who can do the job of Mines mate and they are
paid Rs. 8000-10000/- per month. The job of Mines mate in stone mining is to locate stone mines and
carrying explosions. After explosion, boulders are loaded into a truck and these are unloaded at the
crushing sites.
Normal or smaller size stones are carried to the crushing site by tractor or small trucks. Loading into the
truck is done by both male and female workers. The bigger size stones are sized up by female workers.
Irresolution prevails in the industry regarding daily wage. In Birbhum, labourers comprise of both
Muslim and Santal labourers. Regarding male-female differentiation in wage, though it is told that there
is no gender discrimination in wage, it is observed that Muslim labourers are willing to work for lower
wages but not Santals. Muslim labourers receive daily wage rate is Rs. 170-180/- per day. Very few
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
146
Social Sciences Division, ISI
Muslim women participate as daily labour. In case of Santals, both men and women take part and
demand higher wages that is minimum wage. This is one of the root causes of recent tensions in the stone
crushing units.
In stone crushing units, after crushing of stones, the end product (stone chips) is loaded into the truck by
both male and female labourers; more by Santal female labourers. The rate is on contract basis. One truck
contains near about 20-22 tons of stone chips; ten wheeler trucks can accommodate more than 25 tons.
The rate is Rs. 25 per ton. It is found that on an average, one can earn Rs. 300 per day. But the problem is
loading is not done every day and the contractor takes commission from the labourers that is around 10%
of daily wage from each worker.
In Burdwan district, male workers are getting Rs. 120 per day while female workers are receiving Rs.
110 per day. In stone mines and stone crushing units wage payment on contract basis is prevalent. For
carrying from the site of stone crushing units to the truck the rate is Rs. 130/- per day per trip. The
distance is normally within 2 KM. In a day 3-4 trips are possible. On an average a male loader earns Rs.
300 per day on contract basis.
Though female workers are receiving less than the male workers, both of them are receiving much less
than the prescribed minimum wage by the Govt. Table 8 shows that the gap is more than Rs. 100
between minimum wage as prescribed by the Govt. and actual wage that is received by the workers in
stone breaking and stone crushing units.
Table 8. Minimum Wage (Stone breaking & Stone crushing)
Categories
Monthly Minimum Rates of Wages
Zone A
Zone
Zone A
Zone B
B
Daily Wage Weekly Wage
Daily Wage Weekly Wage
Unskilled
5793
5395
222.8077
1336.846
207.5
1245
Semi-skilled
6313
5933
242.8077
1456.846
228.1923
1369.154
Skilled
6944
6527
267.0769
1602.462
251.0385
1506.231
Source: Office of the Labour Commissioners, Govt. of West Bengal, Circular No.
02/Stat/2RW/60/94/LCS/JLC, dt. 1.1.13
Females are mostly used as drier in china clay factories; these are situated in the district of Birbhum.
There are 250 permanent male workers and 50 female daily wage workers in china clay factories. All the
china clay factories use automated machines, these are operated by males. Unskilled job, that is drying is
done by female workers. In sand mines also payment on contract basis is prevalent. The payment is based
on the trip of boats containing sand from river to the bank. Rs. 700/- is paid per trip and each trip needs
6-7 workers for loading of sand from the middle course of river and unloading it in the bank. In a day 3-4
trips are possible. On an average each worker gets Rs.350 to Rs. 400 per day.
Conclusion
This report presents data on mining based on official statistics and preliminary visits made to stone mines
and sand mines of West Bengal taken up in the year 2012-13. The project is supposed to be completed in
2015. Anomalies in the official statistics and the magnitude of invisibility of women miners can be
revealed only after completion of the project.
References:
 Director General of Mines Safety: Statistics of Mines in India, Vol I & Vol II (Coal and NonCoal), 2008, 2009, 2010. Government of India. Ministry of Mines, Annual Report, 2011-12
 Government of India. THE MINES ACT, 1952
 Government of India.
THE MINES AND MINERALS (REGULATION AND
DEVELOPMENT) ACT, 1957
 Government of West Bengal. Office of the Labour Commissioners, Circular No.
02/Stat/2RW/60/94/LCS/JLC, dt. 1.1.13
 Government of West Bengal. Statistical Abstract West Bengal 2008
 Government of West Bengal. Mineral Resources of West Bengal. Retrieved on 26.4.13. Website.
http://www.gits4u.com/wb/wb14.htm
 Indian Bureau of Mines: Indian Minerals Yearbook, 2007 & 2010. IBM Press, Nagpur.
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
147
EPU, Delhi Centre
Interim Report
Report on the 8th Annual Conference on Economic Growth and Development
December 17-19, 2012
Indian Statistical Institute, New Delhi

Academic Sessions:
 Kaushik Basu (Cornell University and Sr. Vice President & Chief Economist,
The World Bank) addressed the inaugural session.
 Plenary Sessions: There were 3 plenary sessions addressed by Avinash Dixit
(Princeton University), M. Scott Taylor (University of Calgary), Vijay Krishna
(Pennsylvania State University), Raghuram Rajan (University of Chicago and
Chief Economic Adviser, Ministry of Finance, Government of India) and JeanCharles Rochet (University of Zurich and President, The Econometric Society).
 Panel Discussion: 5 eminent academic economists, policy advisers and bankers –
Abheek Barua (HDFC Bank), M. Govinda Rao (NIPFP and Economic Advisory
Council to the Prime Minister), Partha Sen (South Asian University), Alok Sheel
(Economic Advisory Council to the Prime Minister) and Chetan Ghate (ISI,
Delhi) – debated their views and visions in the panel discussion on Obstacles to
High Growth in India.
 Parallel Sessions: The main body of the conference consisted of 7 parallel
sessions with 6 sessions running parallel to each other at the same time. Each
session included presentation of 3 research papers. Thus a total of 126 research
papers were presented in 42 sessions. The research topics covered were: food and
agriculture, infrastructure, environment, India’s growth experience, human
capital: education and skill, institutions, NREGA, prices inequality and
deprivation, empirical issues in macroeconomics, topics in microeconomics,
gender, corruption, political economy, open economy macroeconomics, fiscal
policy, international trade, education, behavioural issues, process of development,
inequality and mobility, contracts and information, Indian manufacturing,
discrimination, monetary economics, empirical and data issues, health, networks,
labour market, topics in macroeconomics, growth theory, industrial organization,
poverty, political economy and corruption, microfinance and debt, emerging
economies, topics in applied microeconomics, and game theory.

Participants:
An average of about 220 researchers and students participated on each day of the
conference. As per their university affiliations, the participants came from 20
different countries: Australia, Canada, Chile, Denmark, France, Germany, Hong
Kong, India, Israel, Italy, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, Singapore, Spain, South
Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, and USA. 33 of the conference participants were
foreign nationals. Of the 126 participants who had presented their research papers in
different parallel sessions, 85 had foreign university affiliations while 41 were from
Indian universities or research institutes.
Within India the conference participants represented most of the well-known research
institutes and universities all over India: Asian Development Bank (New Delhi),
Azim Premji University (Bangalore), Centre de Sciences Humaines (New Delhi),
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Social Sciences Division, ISI
148

Centre for Studies in Social Sciences (Kolkata), Delhi School of Economics, Institute
of Economic Growth (Delhi), IFMR (Chennai), Indira Gandhi Institute of
Development Research (Mumbai), IIM (Bangalore), IIM (Kolkata), IIM
(Kozhikode), IIM (Udaipur), IIT (Kanpur), Indian School of Business (Hyderabad),
ISI (Delhi), ISI (Kolkata), International Water Management Institute (New Delhi),
JNU, National Council of Applied Economic Research (New Delhi), National
Institute of Public Finance and Policy (New Delhi), Presidency University (Kolkata),
and St. Xavier's College (Kolkata).
Conference Website:
Theconference website, http://www.isid.ac.in/~pu/dec_12_conf.html, provides the
conference details.
Tridip Ray
Chairperson, Organizing Committee
8th Annual Conference on Economic Growth and Development
http://www.isid.ac.in/~pu/dec_12_conf.html
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
149
EAU, Bangalore Centre
Interim Report
REPORT ON WORK COMPLETED IN 2012-13 FOR ONGOING PROJECT (NON-NORTHEAST)
PROJECT TITLE: Evaluating Official Statistics on Land and Livestock holdings
1. A new schedule for collection of data on land and livestock holdings was prepared.
2. The revised schedule was tested in two villages. Census surveys were conducted in May-June
2012 in two villages of Bihar.
3. A format for collection of data in Access software was prepared.
4. Data entry from the Bihar surveys was completed.
5. A small meeting of collaborating scientists was held on January 3-4 in ISI Bangalore to
discuss the plan of work. At this meeting, the major official data sources on land holdings and
livestock holdings and incomes were critically discussed. The way forward in terms of analyzing
the village survey data and then proposing changes in the NSS schedules was also discussed.
EXPENDITURE STATEMENT 2012-13 (A/C 5487)
ITEM (REVENUE)
Budgeted
Actual expenditure
Travel and Fieldwork (investigators)
300,000
2,60,322
Workshop
75,000
74,490
Data processing
25000
0
Purchase of data and computer consumables
20,000
9,580
Printing, stationery, communication
20,000
739
Miscellaneous
9000
0
GRAND TOTAL
449,000
3,45,131
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
Social Sciences Division, ISI
150
Divisional Plan Budget Proposal for Projects (2014-15)
Social Sciences Division
Units
Rupees in lakhs
Revenue Capital
Name of the Project
Total
New Project
2 LRU
6 SOSU
North East
2.1 The Biaxial Syntax of Inflected Clauses in Assamese and Bangla
6.1 Life style correlates & economic burden of Cancer: A study in Meghalaya in
North East
6.2 North East Official Statistics Workshop
Sub-total:
3 PSU
4 PRU
6 SOSU
General
3.1 Developmental Challenges in Children and Associated Socioeconomic Factors: A
Study in the Purulia District of West Bengal.
4.1 National Conference on “Adolescence Development: Issues and Challenges.
4.2 Summer / Winter School on Data Mining in Psychological Research
6.3 Finding out the Direct and the Indirect Roles of Various Socio-economic and
Demographic Factors, Health and Family Welfare and Other Developmental
Programmes in the Growth of Population : A Case Study on Giridih
Sub-total:
2.750
3.000
5.000
10.750
2.750
0.900
3.900
0.900
5.000
11.650
3.900
3.900
6.150
3.040
6.150
3.040
14.685
14.685
27.775
0.000
27.775
On-Going Project
4 PRU
North East
4.3 Cognitive Processing through PASS model and its role in determining Academic
Performance of School students of North- Eastern India.
Sub-total:
2 LRU
4
5
8
PRU
SRU
EAU
General
2.2 Biaxial Study of Bangla Lexicosyntax
2.3 Bengali Pronunciation Dictionary in Electronic and Printed Form
4.4 Differential validity of Computer programming abilities.
4.5 Parenting styles and academic achievement of the school students.
5.1 Data Gap in Gender Statistics: Women in Mining Industry.
5.2 Migration, social network and their impact on the rural households of
Jharkhand.
5.3 A micro level study of television (TV) watching and childhood obesity in Kolkata
city of West Bengal, India
5.4 Gender Issues and Empowerment of Women in rural West Bengal.
8.1 Evaluating Official Statistics on Land and Livestock holdings.
Sub-total:
Grand Total :
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
3.700
3.700
3.700
0.000
3.700
2.800
4.100
2.790
3.200
2.500
2.800
4.100
2.790
3.200
2.500
2.350
2.350
3.940
3.940
3.300
5.700
30.680
72.905
3.300
5.700
30.680
73.805
0.000
0.900
Plan Budget Proposals 2014-15, SSD
151
Divisional Plan Budget Proposal for Non-Projects (2014-15)
Social Sciences Division
Sl.
No.
Revenue
Rupees in lakhs
Capital
Total
Name of the Project
Economic Research Unit
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Visiting Scientists
Seminar
Internal travel
Submission fee for publication in Journals
Computer Consumables
Repair and Maintenance
Office Expenditures
Capital Expenditure
10.000
2.000
1.000
0.500
2.700
2.000
0.800
Sub-total:
19.000
5.000
5.000
10.000
2.000
1.000
0.500
2.700
2.000
0.800
5.000
24.000
Linguistic Research Unit
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Visiting Scientists
Seminars (deparmental, on regular basis)
Internal travel
Computer Consumables
Maintenance for Computer & Equipment
Office Expenditures
Capital (Computer, Software, Scanner, Printer etc.)
Fellowship for (one) New JRF/SRF (2014-15)
Sub-total:
1.000
0.500
0.700
0.800
0.800
0.800
3.000
3.000
7.600
3.000
1.000
0.500
0.700
0.800
0.800
0.800
3.000
3.000
10.600
Population Studies Unit
1
Visiting Scientists
2.000
2.000
2
Computer Consumables
0.850
0.850
3
Seminars by invited external experts
0.500
0.500
4
Office expenses
0.800
0.800
5
Repair, Maintenance, etc.
0.800
0.800
6
Capital Expenditure
Sub-total:
4.950
1.500
1.500
1.500
6.450
2.000
2.000
1.200
1.500
2.000
1.300
0.500
1.500
0.900
1.000
0.500
2.000
12.400
Psychology Research Unit
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Visiting Scientists/Research Collaborator
Computer Consumables
Research Fellow
Maintenance for computer & equipment
Seminar/Workshop/Training programme
Software
Office Expenditure
Internal travel
Submission fee for publication in Journals
Capital Expenditure
1.200
1.500
2.000
1.300
0.500
1.500
0.900
1.000
0.500
Sub-total:
10.400
Sociological Research Unit
1
2
3
Visiting Scientists
Seminar
Internal travel
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
2.000
1.000
1.000
2.000
1.000
1.000
Social Sciences Division, ISI
152
4
5
6
7
8
Research Fellow
Computer Consumables
Maintenance / Office expenditure
Software
Processing fees for publication
Capital Equipment: Upgrading furniture/computers A/C
and other equipment
Sub-total:
9
Sampling & Official Statistics Unit
Computer Consumables
External Hard Disk for Storage of Office Material and
project data
Software Procurement (SPSS, MS-Office)
Printer
UPS for SOSU (5 KVA)
Statistical Trainee
Visiting Scientist (4)
Office expenses
Repair and Maintenance
Sub-total:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2.000
1.000
1.000
2.000
0.600
10.600
2.000
1.000
1.000
2.000
0.600
3.000
3.000
2.000
2.000
0.500
0.500
3.000
3.000
6.000
10.000
1.000
1.000
20.500
3.000
13.600
6.500
0.500
0.500
3.000
3.000
6.000
10.000
1.000
1.000
27.000
Economics & Planning Unit (Delhi)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
Visiting Scientists
Post-doctoral fellows-cum-Lecturers
Travel of Scientists
Seminar Series
PC, Xerox, Stationery, Consumables
Misc. Including Communications & fax
Annual Conference
Journal Submission & professional memberships
Maintenance
Upgrading of Computers manuals software, fittings,
equipment etc.
Sub-total:
Economic Analysis Unit (Bangalore)
Visiting Scientists
Printers
Computer Consumables
Software
Repair & Maintenance
Travel Grants
Sub-total:
25.000
0.000
0.550
1.000
1.500
1.000
4.000
0.550
0.550
34.150
25.000
0.000
0.550
1.000
1.500
1.000
4.000
0.550
0.550
7.000
7.000
2.600
5.000
2.000
0.500
0.600
0.600
1.000
9.700
2.000
16.000
2.000
130.300
32.600
Plan Projects=
Total Budget of Social Sciences Division (Plan Projects + Plan Non-Projects) =
10.000
1.000
2.000
2.000
1.000
2.000
18.000
162.900
73.805
236.705
Social Sciences Division Office
Visiting Scientists
Computer Consumables
Office Expenditure
Travel for Academic Purpose
Maintenance
Capital Expenditure
Sub-total:
Grand Total (Plan Non-Projects):
Prepared By: S. Malakar, Social Sciences Division’s Office
5.000
7.000
41.150
2.000
0.500
0.600
0.600
1.000
7.100
10.000
1.000
2.000
2.000
1.000