MonoLex technology summary Application data Important facts Aptamer service how to get the aptamer AptaRes AG Company profile AptaRes AG Europe & World AptaRes AG Am Scheunenviertel 1 15749 Mittenwalde Germany [email protected] www.aptares.de US & Canda AptaRes.US, LLC 38 Park Street Vernon - Rockville, CT 06066 USA [email protected] www.aptares.us Japan Funakoshi Co., Ltd. 9-7 Hongo 2-chome Bunkyo-Ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan [email protected] www.funakoshi.co.jp AptaRes AG www.aptares.de [email protected] Application data of oligonucleotide aptamers Since 1988 when the selection of functional oligonucleotides with non-Watson-Crick binding properties were presented for the first time at a symposium sponsored by the University of California, Los Angeles, this new class of binding molecules (aptamers) has rapidly been introduced successfully into diagnostics and therapeutic applications. Many aptamer applications have been reported for in vitro diagnostics in eco- and food toxicology, for biosensor applications i.e. to detect bioterrorism agent and other life threatening substances, for cell biology and histology, for affinity resin applications and pharmaceutical high throughput technologies, and last not least for human therapeutics. In vitro Analytics Highly sensitive and specific in vitro analytics are a fundamental block in the diagnosis of diseases. These analytical techniques require specific binders which can easily be introduced into different assay protocols. The fast pace of discovery of new proteins and peptides and other targets from life science research calls for the fast adaptability or analytical systems for the detection of these newly discovered molecules. The fast in vitro selection of aptamers allow a quick and efficient assembly of new test systems. Aptamer applications in the literature Target Detection Aptamer Surface bound Aptamer Jayasena SD. Aptamers: an emerging class of molecules that rival antibodies in diagnostics. Clin Chem. 1999; 45(9): 1628-50 Eco- and food toxicology Food safety is a major public and scientific concern. Food toxicology investigates the impact of natural and synthetic small and larger compounds Aptamer application data Page 2 / 6 AptaRes AG www.aptares.de [email protected] present in the whole chain of food production. This includes the investigation of raw products such as plants or water (ecotoxicology) and microbial toxin contamination during food processing and storage. The major goal is the protection of human health, taking into account dangerous effects such as carcinogenicity, allergy, immunotoxicity and neurotoxicity on the one side and the potential for the prevention of disease on the other side. Aptamers can be isolated against small molecules (haptens), drugs, toxins and food related larger structures. They are therefore a suitable tools for ecoand food diagnostics. Aptamer applications in the literature Takemura K, et al. DNA aptamers that bind to PrP(C) and not PrP(Sc) show sequence and structure specificity. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2006; 231(2): 204-14 Biosensors Target Detection Aptamer Surface bound Aptamer There are many highly sensitive technologies for customized biosensors. They aim to measure the presence, absence, or concentration of analytes accurately and rapidly, and/or continuously in real time at the point of need. Applications require the availability of high affinity and highly specific binders. Here, aptamers provide an appropriate class of heat stable, linear structured binders for biosensors. Aptamer applications in the literature Shu W, et al. DNA molecular motor driven micromechanical cantilever arrays. J Am Chem Soc. 2005 Dec 7;127(48):17054-60 Baldrich E, et al. Aptasensor development: elucidation of critical parameters for optimal aptamer performance. Anal Chem. 2004; 76(23):7053-63 Liss M, et al. An aptamer-based quartz crystal protein biosensor. Anal Chem. 2002 Sep 1;74(17):4488-95 Aptamer application data Page 3 / 6 AptaRes AG www.aptares.de [email protected] Cell biology Research in cell biology has a wide variety of needs for the specific characterization of cell types, proteins and the presence of functional protein domains. The visualisation of cellular metabolism and intercellular communication are important steps on the way to understand living organisms. Site directed labelling of oligonucleotide aptamers can be easily performed during chemical synthesis. A large variety of labels such as fluorescent or chemiluminescent dyes and other groups such as biotin are available. Aptamer applications in the literature Saito T & Tomida M. Generation of inhibitory DNA aptamers against human hepatocyte growth factor. DNA Cell Biol. 2005; 24(10): 624-33 Ulrich H, et al. RNA and DNA aptamers in cytomics analysis. Cytometry A. 2004; 59(2): 220-31 Histology Membran Protein Fluorescence Detection Aptamer One of the major tools in pathology for diagnosis of tumors and other diseases in cells and tissue is the specific staining of proteins or other target molecules. The small size of the aptamers promise a good penetration in to the tissue even in paraffin embedded specimens. Aptamer applications in the literature Stanlis KK & McIntosh JR. Single-strand DNA aptamers as probes for protein localization in cells. J Histochem Cytochem. 2003; 51(6): 797-808 Security technology One brach of security technology is the prevention of biological terrorism or bioterrorism. Its aim is the deliberate use or threat to use microorganisms or toxins to cause disease or death in a large number of people. Biological attacks can be directed against people, Aptamer application data Page 4 / 6 AptaRes AG www.aptares.de [email protected] against livestock, and food crops to disrupt the food supply. Such an attack at a specific location can have devastating consequences and must be differentiated with certainty from the much more frequent hoax alarms. Such quick, sensitive and specific laboratory analytical procedures can be aptamers based. In-vitro selection of aptamers enables the isolation against highly toxic pathogens and agents. Aptamer applications in the literature Vivekananda J & Kiel JL. Anti-Francisella tularensis DNA aptamers detect tularemia antigen from different subspecies by Aptamer-Linked Immobilized Sorbent Assay. Lab Invest. 2006 Mar 20 Tang J, et al. The DNA aptamers that specifically recognize ricin toxin are selected by two in vitro selection methods. Electrophoresis. 2006 Mar 3 Nitsche A, et al. One-step selection of Vaccinia virusbinding DNA aptamers by MonoLEX. BMC Biotechnology 2007, 7:48 Affinity resins Crude Protein Mix Bead bound Specific Aptamer High resolving analytical technologies such as chromatography are improved by specific binding resins. Oligonucleotide aptamers provide a stable and flexible tool for the generation of affinity resins. The chemical synthesis of oligonucleotide aptamers allows a cost effective production of the affinity ligands and a site directed immobilization. Temperature stability and renaturating capabilities enable a sterilization before use of the resins. Aptamer applications in the literature Michaud M et al. A DNA aptamer as a new targetspecific chiral selector for HPLC. J Am Chem Soc. 2003 Jul 16;125(28):8672-9 Aptamer application data Page 5 / 6 AptaRes AG www.aptares.de [email protected] High throughput Rapid diagnosis of diseases or the risk for diseases in populations and analyzing the capabilities of a large number of substances are the driving forces for high throughput technologies. The underlying analytical technologies require versatile and specific binders. The in-vitro selection enables a quick availability of specific aptamers for the evaluation of pharmaceutical substances. Aptamer applications in the literature Target Fang X, et al.Synthetic DNA aptamers to detect protein molecular variants in a high-throughput fluorescence quenching assay. Chembiochem. 2003; 4(9): 829-34 Detection Aptamer Surface bound Aptamer Therapeutics The development of larger molecules such as monoclonal antibodies is one of the most expanding fields in therapeutics. Meanwhile, the first aptamer-based therapeutics has been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) indicating that aptamers will become a new class of therapeutic substances. Accordingly, an increasing number of aptamers are already in clinical studies. Therapeutic Aptamers Chemical synthesis of aptamers enable a largely scalable production. Control of batches can be supported cost and effort saving by mass spectrometry and sequencing. Aptamer applications in the literature Nimjee SM, et al. Aptamers: an emerging class of therapeutics. Annu Rev Med. 2005; 56: 555-83 Nitsche A, et al. One-step selection of Vaccinia virusbinding DNA aptamers by MonoLEX. BMC Biotechnology 2007, 7:48 Aptamer application data Page 6 / 6
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