Structural Design and Analysis of Composite Materials using SAMCEF for Composites SL/04/SAM/MKG_ppt/32an_b 30/03/06, Page 1 SAMCEF for Composites 9 Composite Materials Structural Analysis : Specific Issues 9 SAMCEF general capabilities for Composite Materials Analysis 9 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and post-processor • Basic Features for Composite Materials Modelling and Analysis • Applications 9 Conclusions – Benefits of Using SAMCEF for Composites 30/03/06, Page 2 Composite Materials Structural Analysis Specific Issues (1/4) 9Anisotropic and heterogeneous nature. • • Need for sophisticated tools at macro (i.e. laminate), meso (i.e. ply) and micro (i.e. phases (fibers, matrix,..)) levels. Important volume of operations at pre- and post-processing stages. 9Low secondary strength. • Transverse loads need to be accurately estimated. 30/03/06, Page 3 Composite Materials Structural Analysis Specific Issues (2/4) 9No plastic adaptation. • • • Long continuous fibers systems. Need for accurate prediction of critical 3D inter-laminar stress states. “Do not forgive design errors !”. 9Complex coupled failure modes. • • Fibers break, transverse matrix cracking, delamination, … Need for sophisticated degradation models. 30/03/06, Page 4 Composite Materials Structural Analysis Specific Issues (3/4) 9Sensitivity to transverse shear effects. • • • Critical matrix dominated behaviors. Thick sandwich constructions (e.g. shipbuilding). Possible need for higher order shell or complex 3D solid elements. 9Huge amount of data and results processing for practical size structures. • Need for appropriate pre- and postprocessing procedures including extensive visualization tools. Courtesy SONACA 30/03/06, Page 5 Composite Materials Structural Analysis Specific Issues (4/4) 9Need for advanced SW tools in other topics of vital importance for the design process. • • • • • • Durability (fatigue, ageing, impact, ..). Joining (bolted, riveted, adhesive joints). Characterization. Process simulation. Optimization (layups, plies orientations, thicknesses, ..). …. 9Analysis at earlier stage than in metals. • Material architecture is selected for manufacturing feasibility and structural performance. 30/03/06, Page 6 SAMCEF general capabilities (1/3) Provides extended set of advanced capabilities for the modeling and analysis of composite materials structures 9 Comprehensive library of dedicated multi-layered elements Sandwich constructions 30/03/06, Page 7 SAMCEF general capabilities (2/3) 9 Large variety of analyses • • • • • • • • • Linear thermo-mechanical static analysis; Modal analysis; Transient response; Linear and incremental stability; Non-linear static, dynamic and kinematic analyses; Non-linear thermal analysis; Fast Dynamics (Europlexus explicit solver) Rotor dynamics; Optimization (BOSS Quattro : topology, shape and size). 30/03/06, Page 8 SAMCEF general capabilities (3/3) 9 Dedicated pre- and post-processing procedures • • • • • • • Material properties; Plies creation (matl, angle,thickness); Laminates definition (lay-ups); Laminates assignment to FE mesh; Ply by ply results recovery (stress/strains/failure criteria); Critical ply selection (large range of failure theories); Damage distribution. 30/03/06, Page 9 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor 9Integrated user friendly environment for CAE applications 9Modelling, Analysis and Results processing 9Linear and Non-linear Thermo-mechanical Structural Analyses, MBS, Multi-physics, Rotor dynamics … 9 Contextual Menus 9 Data Library 9 “Parts” concept allowing concurrent model development 30/03/06, Page 10 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Basic features SAMCEF general capabilities for Composite Materials Analysis Supports a subset of general tool features Access to non supported features via the “epilogue” in SAMCEF native language SAMCEF Field Open Interactive Environment for Composite Materials Analysis 30/03/06, Page 11 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Basic features Material Library 9Material data import from data library 9Material data definition (possibly temperature dependent) and storage in data library 30/03/06, Page 12 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Basic features Elements Types Selection (Behaviour) (1/2) 9Composite Shell • Transverse shear deformable thick shell element • Based on Classical Lamination Theory • Can be used for sandwich constructions modelling within scope of CLT 2 E⎛h⎞ ⎜ ⎟ <1 G⎝ L⎠ 30/03/06, Page 13 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Basic features Elements Types Selection (Behaviour) (2/2) 9Composite Volume (Shell) • Recommended when CLT is no longer valid (e.g. severe cross section warping of thick sandwich constructions) • Possible superimposition of several multilayered solids if needed. • “Composite Volumic Shell” formulation : σzz is uncoupled from in plane stress components Æ shell-like behaviour. 30/03/06, Page 14 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Basic features Plies and laminates creation 9Individual Ply • Matl, Thickness, Angle 9Laminate • Creation and ordering of the plies making up the lay-up. • Use of the Composite Viewer 30/03/06, Page 15 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Basic features The Composite Viewer (1/3) Tools set for plies manipulation Lay-up sequential definition Display area 9 Easy, intuitive and efficient lay-ups definition 30/03/06, Page 16 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Basic features The Composite Viewer (2/3) 9 Tools set • • • • • Add, insert, delete plies; Copy, paste; Move selected ply up and down in the list; Create symmetric or anti-symmetric laminate; Reverse plies orientations; 9 Definition list • Layer sequential number, name, material, thickness and orientation. 30/03/06, Page 17 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Basic features The Composite Viewer (3/3) 9 Display Area • • Graphical representation of the laminate as it is being created; Shows layers orientation and relative thickness. 9 Equivalent stiffness properties • Polar plots of equivalent membrane, shear, bending and torsion moduli 30/03/06, Page 18 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Basic features Laminates assignment to CAD geometry (1/5) 9 Draping is simulated with reference to laminate position in structural (OXY, OYZ, OXZ) or user’s defined plane 9 Predicts how laminates conform to complex surfaces and generates automatically fibres orientations distribution Laminate local zero deg. direction in reference plane 30/03/06, Page 19 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Basic features Laminates assignment to CAD geometry (2/5) 9 For composite shells, options are provided to define offsets from the mould surface 30/03/06, Page 20 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Basic features Laminates assignment to CAD geometry (3/5) Draping simulation of two laminates over a portion of a cone 30/03/06, Page 21 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Basic features Laminates assignment to CAD geometry (4/5) 9 Visualisation of expanded lay-up and particular ply on a selected face 30/03/06, Page 22 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Basic features Laminates assignment to CAD geometry (5/5) 9 Volumic elements : laminate is assigned to a face of a solid 9 The F.E. mesh is generated by extrusion 9 Restriction in V5.2 : only one laminate per elements layer ! Æ will be lifted in release 6.0 30/03/06, Page 23 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Basic features Analysis results archiving (Solver Module) 9 Selection from pre-defined list of SAMCEF results codes 9 Additional results codes can be selected 30/03/06, Page 24 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Basic features Specific post-processing (1/2) 9 SAMCEF for Composites capabilities facilitate in-depth analysis of composite constructions behaviours. 9 Ply by ply stress/strain/failure criteria results recovery (nodal or average values) 9 For shell elements , results are provided on lower and upper faces as well as mid-surface of each ply 9 Transverse shear stresses are determined from local equilibrium equations per layer (Shell elements) • Piecewise parabolic distribution • Stress continuity at interfaces • Upper and lower faces free of stress τxz = τyz = 0 30/03/06, Page 25 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Basic features Specific post-processing (2/2) 9 Failure theories • Max stress, Max strain • Tsai-Hill • Tsai-Wu • Hoffman • Hashin : multicriteria allowing to identify matrix and fiber failure modes • Rice and Tracey 9 Fringe plots of critical values (and corresponding ply number) through laminate thickness allowing immediate access to critical areas and assessment of structure integrity 30/03/06, Page 26 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Application 1 Loading and boundary conditions Uniform pressure Simple support 30/03/06, Page 27 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Application 1 Finite Element mesh generation 9 Mesh generation using mapping method 30/03/06, Page 28 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Application 1 Deformed geometry 30/03/06, Page 29 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Application 1 Fringe plot of Tsai-Wu failure criterion - Critical Value 30/03/06, Page 30 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Application 1 Locating most critical area 30/03/06, Page 31 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Application 1 Critical ply number 30/03/06, Page 32 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Application 1 Orientation of ply # 1 30/03/06, Page 33 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Application 1 Tsai-Wu failure criterion contours – Ply # 1 9 Element selection (cursor) 9 Ply selection (composite viewer) 30/03/06, Page 34 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Application 1 Transverse stress component contours (σ2) – Ply # 1 30/03/06, Page 35 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Application 2 Composite Stamping Tool – Courtesy EADS Suresnes 30/03/06, Page 36 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Application 2 Loading (uniform temperature) and boundary conditions 30/03/06, Page 37 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Application 2 View of the F.E. mesh 30/03/06, Page 38 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Application 2 Deformed geometry 30/03/06, Page 39 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Application 2 Fringe plot of Tsai-Wu failure criterion – Critical Values 30/03/06, Page 40 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Application 2 Critical Ply number 30/03/06, Page 41 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Application 2 Tsai-Wu failure criterion contours – Ply # 5 9 Element selection (cursor) 9 Ply selection (composite viewer) 30/03/06, Page 42 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Application 2 Transverse stress component contours (σ2) – Ply # 5 30/03/06, Page 43 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Application 3 F1 Composite Air Exhaust – Courtesy DUQUEINE Composites 30/03/06, Page 44 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Application 3 Loading and boundary conditions 30/03/06, Page 45 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Application 3 View of the F.E. mesh 30/03/06, Page 46 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Application 3 Deformed geometry 30/03/06, Page 47 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Application 3 Fringe plot of Hashin failure criterion – Critical Values 30/03/06, Page 48 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Application 3 Critical Ply number 30/03/06, Page 49 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Application 3 Hashin failure criterion contours – Ply # 1 9 Element selection (cursor) 9 Ply selection (composite viewer) 30/03/06, Page 50 SAMCEF Field integrated pre- and postprocessor – Application 3 Transverse stress component contours (σ2) – Ply # 1 30/03/06, Page 51 Conclusions – Benefits of Using SAMCEF for Composites 9 Operates entirely from within standalone, fully integrated contextual environment supporting a concurrent engineering methodology. 9 Modelling, Analysis and Results processing 9 Easy-to-use and user-friendly composite viewer for plies/laminates creation and manipulation 9 In-depth analysis of laminates thermo-mechanical behavior. 9 Immediate access to critical areas 30/03/06, Page 52
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