Informal document GRB-56-21
(56th GRB, 3-5 September 2012,
agenda item 3(b))
Appendix to GRB-56-05
The reason why Japanese proposal
Stage3 has [ ]
JASIC
3rd~5th September 2012
56th GRB meeting
Geneva
Reason of Japan proposal have [ ]
Informal document GRB-56-21
(56th GRB, 3-5 September 2012,
agenda
item 3(b))
Unit: dB(A)
Stage 1
2 years after
entry into force
of ECE R51.03
72
73
75
72
74
75
76
79
80
Stage 2
4 years
6 years
after stage after stage
1
1
70
71
73
70
72
73
74
78
78
Stage 33
[4] years
[6] years
after stage after stage
2
2
[68]
[70]
[72]
[69]
[71]
[71]
[73]
[76]
[76]
PMR ≤ 120 kW/t
M1 120 < PMR ≤ 160 kW/t
PMR > 160 kW/t
GVW ≤ 2.5 ton
M2 2.5 ton < GVW ≤ 3.5 ton
3.5 ton < GVW
P ≤ 135 kW
M3 135 < P ≤ 250 kW
P > 250 kW
GVW ≤ 2.5 ton and
74
72
[70]
PMR(GVW)1 ≤ 35kW/t
N1 GVW ≤ 2.5 ton and
72
70
[68]
35kW/t < PMR(GVW)1
2.5 ton < GVW ≤ 3.5 ton
74
72
[71]
P ≤ 135 kW
77
76
[73]
N2
P > 135 kW
78
77
[75]
P ≤ 250 kW
80
78
[76]
N3
2
[78]
P > 250 kW
82
80
1 “PMR(GVW)” means PMR calculated by using the maximum authorized vehicle mass.
2 Entry-into-force date of N3 with an engine power exceeding 250 kW for stage 2 is 8 years after stage 1.
3 Limit values and entry-into-force dates of “Stage 3” shall be reviewed and fixed until the entry-into-force date
of “Stage 2”.
2
History and schedule of regulations onInformal
Noise,
Fuel
document
GRB-56-21
(56th GRB, 3-5 September 2012,
consumption and Emission (M1,
N1) agenda item 3(b))
2005
2010
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Stage 1
(M1:except 120 < PMR <160 kW/t,
N1:except GVW<2.5ton and PMR<35kw/t)
(M1:120 < PMR <160 kW/t,
Stage2
N1:GVW<2.5ton and PMR<35kw/t)
(M1:all,
Stage3
N1:except GVW<2.5ton and
stage3
(N1:GVW<2.5ton and PMR<35kw/t)
Stage2
Noise
Regulation
R51-03
2010 year's regulation
2015 year's regulation
2020 year's regulation
JAPAN
Regulation of
Fuel
Consumption
CO2 130g/km regulation
CO2 95g/km regulation
EU
JAPAN
?
New long-term regulation
2009 regulation
Euro4
Exhaust gas
emission
regulations
EU
Euro5
Euro6
?
2004 regulation
2007 regulation
US
2010 regulation
?
History and projection of regulationsInformal
on Noise,
document GRB-56-21
(56th GRB, 3-5 September 2012,
Fuel consumption and Emission (M2N2,M3N3)
agenda item 3(b))
2005
2010
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Stage 1
Noise
Regulation
Regulation of
Fuel
Consumption
Stage2
Stage2
R51-03
(P≦250kW)
(P>250 kW)
Stage3 (P≦250kW)
stage3 (P>250kW)
2015 year's regulation
JAPAN
Another regulation?
EU
New long-term regulations
JAPAN
2009 regulations
Next-phase target regulation (introduction of WHDC)
?
Exhaust gas
emission
regulations
Euro4
EU
Euro5
Euro6
?
2004 regulation
2007 regulation
US
2010 regulation
?
Effects of Major Fuel Economy Measures
Informal document GRB-56-21
(56th GRB, 3-5 September 2012,
on Noise
agenda item 3(b))
Examples of major fuel economy measures
Effects on noise
Improvement
of
combustion
system
Fuel injection timing
advance
Rapid combustion by
combustion
chamber geometry
High-pressure injection
High supercharging
Increase of combustion
system noise
Increase of injection
mechanical noise
Reduction of
weight
Lightweight crankshaft,
etc.
Lightweight torsional
damper
Lightweight engine block,
etc.
Lightweight engine
components
Increase of mechanical
noise
5
Major measures against engine noise
: Proper control in conflict
: Weight increase
Head cover floating
Informal document GRB-56-21
(56th GRB, 3-5 September 2012,
agenda item 3(b))
with fuel economy
Electronically controlled highpressure common rail + pilot
injection control system
Electronically controlled
variable nozzle
turbocharger +
intercooler
Head cover
5000kg
Block side cover
Head rear cover
Measure against
standing wave at
crank pulley cover
Vibration
damping steel
sheet oil pan
Highly rigid
cylinder block
Measure against
standing wave under
common rail
Oil pan
cover
Timing gear specs
optimization
Measure against
standing wave at back
of ECU
The more vehicle weight,
the less payload. (No efficiency)
Increase 100kg by noise measurement
Narrower gear
backlash
4900kg
Measure against noise by injection control
High-pressure injection
Initial injection rate control PM reduction & fuel
★ economy improvement
★: Control for noise reduction
Noise & NOx reduction
Pilot injection ★
Noise reduction
Pre-injection ★
Noise reduction
After-injection
PM reduction
and DPD control
High-pressure injection
(1,600 atm or above)
Informal document GRB-56-21
(56th GRB, 3-5 September 2012,
agenda item 3(b))
Cause of worsening of fuel economy
Post-injection
NOx catalyst control
History and projection of regulationsInformal
on Noise,
document GRB-56-21
(56th GRB, 3-5 September 2012,
Fuel consumption and Emission (M2N2,M3N3)
agenda item 3(b))
2005
2010
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
Stage 1
Noise
Regulation
Stage2
Stage2
R51-03
Regulation of
Fuel
Consumption
(P≦250kW)
(P>250 kW)
Stage3 (P≦250kW)
stage3 (P>250kW)
2015 year's regulation
JAPAN
Another regulation?
EU
New long-term regulations
2006
2015
2009 regulations
JAPAN
Next
Next-phase target regulation (introduction of WHDC)
?
Time by which all vehicles must be in compliance
Exhaust gas
emission
regulations
Euro4
EU
Euro5
Euro6
?
2004 regulation
2007 regulation
US vehicles of HDV meet the FE regulation
All
2010 regulation
?
8
Informaland
document
GRB-56-21
History and projection of regulations on Noise, Fuel consumption
Emission
(56th GRB, 3-5 September 2012,
*M1, N1
2005
2010
2015
2020
2030
2025
agenda
item 3(b))
2035
Stage 1
(M1:except 120 < PMR <160 kW/t,
N1:except GVW<2.5ton and PMR<35kw/t)
(M1:120 < PMR <160 kW/t,
Stage2
N1:GVW<2.5ton and PMR<35kw/t)
(M1:all,
Stage3
N1:except GVW<2.5ton and
stage3
(N1:GVW<2.5ton and PMR<35kw/t)
Stage2
Noise
Regulation
R51-03
2010 year's regulation
2015 year's regulation
2020 year's regulation
JAPAN
Regulation of
Fuel
Consumption
CO2 130g/km regulation
CO2 95g/km regulation
EU
New long-term regulation
*M2N2,M3N3
JAPAN
2005
2010
2009
regulation
2015
EU
R51-03
2025
2030
2035
Stage 1
Euro4
Exhaust gas
Noise
emission
Regulation
regulations
2020
?
Euro5
Euro6
Stage2
Stage2
2004 regulation
2007 regulation
(P≦250kW)
(P>250 kW)
?
Stage3 (P≦250kW)
stage3 (P>250kW)
US
Regulation of
Fuel
JAPAN
2010 regulation2015 year's regulation
?
Another regulation?
9
Conclusion
Informal document GRB-56-21
(56th GRB, 3-5 September 2012,
agenda item 3(b))
• In general, there is a contradiction between measures to
reduce automotive noise and technical measures to meet the
fuel consumption/CO2 regulations.
• It is necessary to take into consideration trends and
technologies related to other regulations in discussing noise
limit values and when to introduce such limit values.
• The limit values for Stage 3, which will come into force in no
less than 10 years, need to be based on the capability of
Stage 1-compliant vehicles as well as on the contents of the
future fuel regulation to be developed from now on, and
should be discussed so that they can be defined at the time
of introduction of Stage 2 when the contents of the fuel
consumption/CO2 regulation are predicted to be finalized.
10