Fundamental Nanomaterials Research and Development: An Australian Perspective Professor Max Lu FTSE, Fed Fellow, Director Http://www.arccfn.org.au ARC Centre for Functional Nanomaterials Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D Australia 10000 Business Government 8000 Other Australian Overseas $ million R&D Tax 6000 4000 2000 0 1978-79 1981-82 1984-85 1986-87 1988-89 1990-91 1992-93 1994-95 1996-97 1998-99 2000-01 2002-03 2004-05 2006-07 Source: Compiled from data in DEST 2006, Australian Science and Innovation System: A Statistical Snapshot, pp 33, 34 & 56 ARC Centre for Functional Nanomaterials Nanotechnology Programs Australian Research Council Centers of Excellence Program: • • • • Functional Nanomaterials Quantum Computing CUDOS Quantum Atom Optics Federation Fellowship Program: • Around 15 Fed Fellows Research Networks Program • • ARC nanotechnology network (ARCNN) Australian research network for advanced materials (ARNAM) Discovery and Linkage Projects Total funding $100 million p.a. ARC Centre for Functional Nanomaterials Australian Research Council Nanotechnology Network • • • • • • • • 150 Groups, more than 900 members Conferences, Workshops, Summer School Short Term and Long Term Visits Overseas Travel Fellowships Distinguished Lecturer Visits Young Nanotechnology Ambassadors Facilities and Expertise Database Bilateral Workshops WWW.AUSNANO.NET FREE to Join ARC Centre for Functional Nanomaterials ANU: Quantum dot and wire lasers: Novel nanowires 1000 nm laser wire array MOCVD growth, novel processing and integrated optics ARC Centre for Functional Nanomaterials InAs/GaAs NW Heterostructures In Collaboration with UQ InAs branch InAs branch GaAs stem GaAs stem InAs/GaAs nanowires (The inset is the top view) GaAs branch GaAs/InAs/GaAs nanowires GaAs branch Bending of nanowire when growing on nanowire with smaller lattice constant InAs stem eg: InAs ( a = 0.606 nm) on GaAs (0.565 nm) GaAs/InAs nanowires GaAs Nanowires are Zinc Blende and InAs Nanowires are Wurtzite ARC Centre for Functional Nanomaterials Nanoscience Research Group (Prof. Frank Caruso, Melb. Uni.) Biocolloids (Cells) to Colloidal Crystals to Hollow Capsules Nanoscale surface coating of particles with polymer layers (blue) and nanoparticles Metallodielectric colloidal crystals prepared from gold nanoparticle/ polymer‐coated polymer particles. The image shows an area of ~2 cm diameter. The colours arise from Bragg diffraction of light. ARC Centre for Functional Nanomaterials CSIRO Nanotechnology R&D • Established in 1926, CSIRO is Australia’s national research organisation with 6,600 staff located at 60 sites • 12+ research units with NT activities Around $60 million pa Local and overseas nanotechnology companies are using CSIRO-generated IP in their core business • • – ca 8 different IP platforms currently in marketplace + >6 undergoing final field trials Soft nanolithography for coins and banknotes XRT Pty Ltd - spin out company makes X-Ray Microscopes with 50 nm resolution Nanostructured coatings prevent light degradation of beer, milk, edible oils and wines ARC Centre for Functional Nanomaterials AIBN at UQ www.aibn.uq.edu.au $80m, 17 Groups/Centres, With 350 researchers ARC Centre for Functional Nanomaterials ARC Centre for Functional Nanomaterials Nanoparticles Nanotubes Thin films/membranes Nanoporous/composite techniques Http://www.arccfn.org.au ent To • over 110 researchers • $24.8 m over 8 year m ns: ron tio nvi X- ols: R Sp a y s ect , N ros MR cop , M y, M icr ole osco c ul p y ar , mo del li (UQ,UNSW, ANU, UWS) ca y,e pli erg A p an e n ar e Cle lth c hea • 4 Universities ng products materials Nanoscale Sciences ARC Centre for Functional Nanomaterials Functional Nanomaterials ARC Centre for Functional Nanomaterials Programs and Researchers Nanoparticles Nanotubes Nanofilms / membranes H2 production, storage, GTL, fuel cells Lu, Smith, Beltramini, Wainwright, Lu, Chen, Smith, Wilson Da Costa, Lu & Drennan Energy Storage and Solar Cells Smith, Lu, Drennan Chen Lu, Gentle, Drennan Environmental photocatalysis Amal, Wainwright, Yu Separation, Catalysis, desal. Trimm, Amal & Wainwright Biosensors, tissue repair, nanotoxicology Amal, Gooding Nanobiomaterials Lu, da Costa, Amal, Amal, Martin Da Costa, Lu Da Costa, Lu Gooding, Amal Wilson, Chen, Kannangara Trau, Gentle Martin, Trau, Gooding ARC Centre for Functional Nanomaterials Gas Separation Membranes Molecular Sieve membrane US DOE FutureGen Hydrogen Economy ARC Centre for Functional Nanomaterials Catalyzed MgH2 System for High Capacity H2 Storage 2000C/15min 1500C/60min Mg-Cata1 Mg-Cata2 Mg-VTiCNT Mg-Cata4 4.7%H 5.8%H 5.2%H 5.2%H 4.8%H 4.5%H Pure Mg(0001) Surface 0.35 US DOE 0.30 0.25 Relative Energy (eV) IEA 0.20 Mg(0001) with 3 SubSub-Surf C Mg(0001) with 6 SubSub-Surf C 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.00 -0.05 -0.10 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Image Index Number Du, Smith, Yao and Lu, J. Am. Chem Soc., 2007, 129, Yao and Lu et al,, JACS, 2007, 129,15650-15654 ARC Centre for Functional Nanomaterials Novel Visible Light Photocatalysts 1. LT 3. LTN LT 2. HLTN Visible light photocatalyst promising for high efficiency solar cells, cost-effective water purification, and hydrogen production from water splitting ARC Centre for Functional Nanomaterials LDH Nanoparticles- Novel adsorbent, catalyst and molecular delivery agents 2Mg2+(aq) + Al3+(aq) + 6OH- + Cl- → Mg2+2Al3+(OH)6Cl (s) Mg2+ + Al3+ solution NaOH solution 1-10 micrometers 18 100C 16 h Intensity (%) 13 8 25C 20 m 3 -2 10 100 1000 Particle size (nm) 10000 ARC Centre for Xu, Lu and Bartlett, JACS, 128, 36-37, 2006 Functional Nanomaterials