National Round Sample Questions & Examiner’ Notes National Earth Olympiad ‘14 National Round Examiners’ Notes The participants for the National Round of NEO’14 will be the selected participants from the 11 divisions/districts in the 1st Round. The National Examination will be held on Friday, 30th May, 2014 at Independent University, Bangladesh, Plot 6, Block B, Aftabuddin Ahmed Road, Bashundhara R/A, Dhaka. The total time for the exam will be 1 (one) hour. The total marks will 100. There will be no negative marking The paper will consist of two sections: MCQ (Multiple Choice Question) Section: This section will contain 70 multiple choice questions; each question is worth 1 mark. The total marks for this section is 70. Analytical Question Section: This section will contain 5 analytical questions; each question is worth 6 marks. The total marks for this section is 30. All the questions in the Examinations Paper will be from one of the following sections: National Earth Olympiad National Round - Sample Questions Friday 30th May 2014 Time: n/a Instructions to Examinees: Fill out your name, Class, Institution, Class Roll/Serial No. in the box above and mobile phone number. In the MCQ section, mark your answer with a circle ( O ). If you change your mind, clearly cross ( X ) out your answer, and mark your new answer with a circle ( O ). You may not, at any point in the examination, communicate in any way with another examinee, use any type of mobile device (phone, iPod, mp3 player, tablet computer, etc.) or use a calcutator which can store text and similiar information. If you are found in violation of these instructions, it may lead to immediate disqualiﬁcation. If you need assistance of any kind, ask an invigilator. Information for Examinees: There are 2 sections in this paper. The MCQ section contains 70 multiple choice questions and the analytical section contain 5 analytical questions. All are compulsory. The time is 60 minutes. Advice to Examinees: Try to answer all the questions. Make sure your handwriting is clear and leagible. Read the questions carefully, making sure you understand what the question is asking. If you are not sure about an answer, move on to the next question, and come back to the question later. Keep an eye on the time. Good luck! Name: Class: Institution: Class Roll/Serial No: Division/District: Mobile number: Email address: SUPPORTED BY STRATEGIC PARTNERS CHETH MA EA IN U.S Embassy, Dhaka DE PE IUB KNEW NOT HE HAT WHICH NT T ORGANIZED BY NDENT U NIVE RS IT Y MCQ Section During the National Round Exam, you should spend about 30 minutes in the MCQ section 1. Which of the following is true about “The Paciﬁc Ring of Fire”? a) There is no geological structure b) Geological structures are most attractive in the world c) Most geologically active region of the world d) Most geologically inactive region of the world 2. Two streams were initiated at the same elevation of a mountain and have equal volumes of water ﬂowing. Which statement best explains why one stream could be ﬂowing faster than the other stream? a) The faster stream contains more dissolved minerals b) The streams are ﬂowing in diﬀerent directions c) The faster stream has a much steeper gradient/slope d) The water of faster stream has higher temperature than the slower stream. 3. What does the following image depict? a) A mountain range b) An archipelago c) An Island arc d) A continent 1 MCQ Section During the National Round Exam, you should spend about 30 minutes in the MCQ section 1. One way water returns to the oceans is through______ a) Canal b) Lakes c) Rivers d) Spring 2. What is the driving force of formation of tides? a) Gravitional force of moon b) Gravitional force of earth c) Gravitional force of sun d) Both (a) and (c) 3. Which of the following statements is false? a) The discharge of groundwater on earth is spring b) The dissolution of minerals in groundwater is mineral water c) Water ﬂows from low head to high head d) Ground water is the largest source of fresh water 2 MCQ Section During the National Round Exam, you should spend about 30 minutes in the MCQ section 1. Approximately what percentage of lightning bolts strikes the ground? a. 20% b. 30% c. 40% d. 50% 2. What is the requisite temperature for hurricane to forma. a. 25°C b. 26°C c. 27°C d. 28°C 3. Catalytic converters are used in modern cars to reduce the emission of the following harmful gases except – a. SOx b. NOx c. VOC’s d. CO 3 MCQ Section During the National Round Exam, you should spend about 30 minutes in the MCQ section 1. Which of the following statements is true for BOTH Saturn and Jupiter? a) both rotate faster than the Earth b) both rotate slower than the Earth c) only one rotates rapidly while the other rotates very slowly d) their periods of rotation are linked to their period of revolution 2. Most stars are cooler than the sun. These stars, the planets,interstellar clouds and star-forming regions emit most of their radiant energy in the: a) visible b) x-ray region c) ultraviolet d) infrared 3. The diagram below represents a side view of the Milky Way Galaxy. At approximately which position is Earth’s solar system located? a) A b )B c) C d) D 4 MCQ Section During the National Round Exam, you should spend about 30 minutes in the MCQ section 1. Which cycle begins with the process of photosynthesis? a. Water cycle b. Carbon cycle c. Nitrogen cycle d. Phosphorus cycle 2. In which habitat no reptiles can survive at all? a. Deserts b. Polar c. Rainforest d. Savanna 3. Nitrogen gas (N2) is the largest constituent of the Earth's atmosphere, but this form is relatively nonreactive and unusable by plants. So from which system most plants get the nitrogen as nitrates or ammonia? a. Soil b. Atmosphere c. Water d. None of these 5 Analytical Section During the National Round Exam, you should spend about 30 minutes in the Analytical section 1. The ﬁgure below shows the distribution of major earthquakes with their magnitudes from the year 1900 to most recent time. a) Which is the most recent Great Earthquake (greatest in magnitude) in the 21st century? Mention its magnitude. (Excluding Japan) b) In which year the highest energy released from an earthquake? c) The table shows magnitude versus ground motion and energy- On the Chile (1960) great earthquake energy released was equivalent to 56,000,000,000,000 kilograms of explosives. Calculate around how many kilograms of explosives required for the release of energy in Alaska (1964) earthquake? d) From 1960 to 2000, how many great earthquakes occurred annually? e) Diﬀerentiate between earthquake intensity and magnitude. 6 Analytical Section During the National Round Exam, you should spend about 30 minutes in the Analytical section a) Tides in the Earth system. The Figure illustrates two (labelled A and B) diﬀerent conﬁgurations of the Earth-moon-sun system.What is the interpretation of conﬁguration A and conﬁguration B? b) Our Earth is mostly water. Approximately 70% of the Earth’s surface is water and 30% of the Earth’s surface is land. Draw the percentages of water distribution in earth. c) Our planet could be called “Water” instead of Earth. Do you agree with this statement? If so,mention the cause? 7 Analytical Section During the National Round Exam, you should spend about 30 minutes in the Analytical section THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 8 Analytical Section During the National Round Exam, you should spend about 30 minutes in the Analytical section Black holes are so incredibly dense that enormous amounts of matter can be compressed into their very small volumes. No known physical event can make black holes smaller than the mass of a small star. But because black holes are a product of gravity, at least theoretically, there is no limit to how big or how small they can be. The table below gives the predicted radius of black holes containing various amounts of matter. None of these black holes have been observed, but their sizes have been determined from their stated masses. The masses are all given in terms of the mass of our Earth, 5.7x1024kilograms so that ‘2.0’ means a black hole with twice the mass of our Earth. a) Graph the data in the table. b) From the graph, use any method to calculate the slope, S, of the data. What are the physical units for the value of this slope? c) From the table, calculate the slope, S, of the data. d) Write a linear equation of the form R(M) = R0 + S M that expresses the black hole Mass-Radius Law. e) To the nearest tenth of a meter, what would you predict as the radius of a black hole with the mass of the planet Jupiter, if the mass of Jupiter is 318 times the mass of Earth? 9 Analytical Section During the National Round Exam, you should spend about 30 minutes in the Analytical section Many ocean creatures use calcium carbonate (CaCO3) to make their shells or to make the reef material where coral animals live. When algae die, their organic material becomes part of the ocean sediments, which may stay at the bottom of the ocean for many and many years. Over millions of years, those same ocean sediments can be forced down into the mantle when oceanic crust is consumed in deep ocean trenches. As the ocean sediments melt and form magma, one type of gas is eventually released while volcanoes erupt and come into the atmosphere. So, which type of gas it could be? And which ecological cycle it may complete? What do you think? 10