Application A28
DOC042.52.00605.May03
May 03
>> LANDFILL LEACHATE
Sample preparation & analysis
Analysis of landfill leachates
Recommended sample preparation
Parameters:
In short
Î Ammonium / Nitrate / Nitrite
Due to their complex composition, landfill
leachates differ considerably from municipal and
Î COD / TOC / Total nitrogen
industrial wastewater. The often very high inorganic
and organic loads can complicate analysis or make
Î Total phosphate
suitable sample preparation necessary. In many
cases, simply diluting the sample before the
Î Chloride
analysis suffices, as this also dilutes the potential
interference matrix.
Î Sulphate
>> LANDFILL LEACHATE
Sample preparation & analysis
Ammonium nitrogen NH4N
Î LCK 303 247 mg/l
Expected
Recommended
Potential interference
concentration
dilution
factors LCK 303
50 mg/l
1:2
pH
Adjust with H2SO4 / NaOH
100 mg/l
1:4
Temperature
Thermostat water sample to 20 +/- 2°C
...
...
Colour
Sample-specific blank value (Appl. 130)
1000 mg/l
1:40
Turbidity
Filter water sample
Precautionary measures
Blue colour (indicates that
concentration exceeds
MR, even though the dis-
Dilute water sample
played result is within MR)
Chloride Cl
Î LCS 311 70 1000 mg/l
Expected
Recommended
Potential interference Precautionary measures
concentration
dilution
factors LCS 311
1000 mg/l
1:2
Strong coloration
Sample-specific blank value (Appl. 130)
2000mg/l
1:4
Turbidity
Filter water sample
...
...
5000 mg/l
1:10
COD
Î
Î
Î
Î
Î
LCK
LCK
LCK
LCK
LCK
014
514
114
614
314
1000 – 1000 mg/l
100 – 2000 mg/l
150 – 1000 mg/l
50 –300 mg/l
15 – 150 mg/ll
Potential interference Precautionary measures
factors (all COD tests)
Chloride content
>1000 mg/l and
>1500mg/l
Tip
Homogenize water sample beforehand. Do not filter!
Dilute water sample
>> LANDFILL LEACHATE
Sample preparation & analysis
Nitrate nitrogen NO3N
Î LCK 339 0,23 – 13,5 mg/l
Expected
Recommended
Potential interference
Precautionary measures
concentration
dilution
factors LCK 339
10 mg/l
1:2
Colour
Sample-specific blank value (Appl. 130)
20 mg/l
1:5
Turbidity
Filter water sample
...
...
COD > 200 mg/l
Dilute water sample
100 mg/l
1:25
Nitrite > 2 mg/l
Add amidosulphonic acid (0.05g/5ml)
Chloride > 500 mg/l
Sample clean-up set LCW 921
Calcium > 50 mg/l
Addition of EDTA prevents turbidity
Warning
Sample preparation with active carbon is not recommend
as the carbon also adsorbs nitrate ions
Nitrite nitrogen NO2N
Î LCK 341 0,015 – 0,6 mg/l
Î LCK 342 0,6 – 6 mg/l
Potential interference
Precautionary measures
factors LCK 341 /342
Colour
Sample-specific blank value (Appl. 130)
Turbidity
Filter water sample
pH
Adjust with H2SO4 / NaOH
High-bias results
Low-bias results
Do not leave sample to stand for
longer than 3 h
Do not leave sample to stand for
longer than 3 h
Total phosphate phosphorus PO4P
Î LCK 349 0,05 – 1,5 mg/l
Î LCK 348 0,5 5,0 mg7l
Î LCK 350 2,0 – 20 mg/
Potential interference Precautionary measures
factors phosphate
Tip
Homogenize water sample. Do not filter!
Colour
Sample-specific blank value (Appl. 130)
Turbidity
For orthophosphate, filter water sample
DOC042.52.00605.May03
>> LANDFILL LEACHATE
Sample preparation & analysis
Total organic carbon TOC
Î LCK 383 5 –5 0 mg/l
Î LCK 384 50 500 mg/l
Potential interference Precautionary measures
factors TOC
pH
Adjust with H2SO4 / NaOH
Chloride > 100 mg/l
Dilute water sample
> 1000 mg/l
NH4– N > 100 mg/l
Dilute water sample
> 1000 mg/l
Ca/Mg > 200 mg/l
Dilute water sample
Contamination by
Work carefully, quickly and cleanly
ambient air
Total nitrogen LatoN
Î LCK 338 20 –100 mg/l
Potential interference
Precautionary measures
factors LatoN
Colour after digestion
Sample-specific blank value (Appl. A130)
Turbidity after digestion
Filtration
Chloride > 5000 mg/l
Dilute water sample
COD > 2500 mg/l
Dilute water sample
Sulphate SO42
Î LCK 353 150 – 700 mg/l
Expected
Recommended
concentration
dilution
1000 mg/l
1:2
Literature: Prof. Georg Schwedt, Institut für
2000 mg/l
1:4
Anorganische und Analytisch Chemie der TU
...
...
Clausthal-Zellerfeld: Photometrische Küvetten Tests
5000 mg/l
1:10
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