Publication No. 842 GOVERNMENT OF HARYANA Based on NSS 58th Round (State Sample) Issued By: Economic & Statistical Adviser Planning Department, Haryana. PREFACE The present report on ‘Availability of Selected Facilities in Rural Haryana’ is brought out by Tabulation Section on the basis of sample survey conducted under the 58th round of NSS (July, 2002-December, 2002). It contains four Chapters and Appendix, Chapter-1 is introductory, while Chapter-2 deals with the Sample Design & Estimation Procedure. Chapter-3 deals with concepts and definitions of important terms used in the survey, which are relevant to this report. Chapter-4 deals with the findings of the survey. This report has been prepared by Sh. Manoj Kumar Goel, Research Officer under the guidance of Sh. Bir Singh, Dy. Economic & Statistical Adviser and Sh. O.P. Dhankar, Addl. Economic & Statistical Adviser. The acknowledgement is made of the sincere efforts done by officials of NSS and Tabulation sections for timely completion of secrutiny, data entry and validation work of this survey. The credit also goes to Junior Field Investigators and Inspectors (NSS) for collecting information timely from the field against all odds. Smt. Tara Mani, Steno Typist has done the typing work of this report. The technical assistance provided by NSSO(DPD), Kolkata is also acknowledged. Last but not least, credit also goes to all respondents, who provided the desired information to the field staff patiently during the survey. Chandigarh September, 2006 R.C. Sharma Economic and Statistical Adviser to Government, Haryana. CONTENTS 1. CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION 1-2 2. CHPATER-2 SAMPLE DESIGN & ESTIMATION PROCEDURE 3-7 3. CHAPTER-3 CONCEPTS & DEFINITIONS 8-10 4. CHPATER-4 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS 11-23 5. APPENDIX 24-34 HIGHLIGHTS * 80 villages were surveyed in the 58th round of NSS. * 100% of Haryana’s villages had access to electricity. * Non-conventional forms of energy were available in only about 7% of villages. * About 49% of Haryana’s villages got their drinking water mainly from tube-well/ hand pumps. * 89% of the villages had irrigation facilities, mostly in the form of the tube-wells. * Co-operative societies existed in 56% of villages. * Government development programmes for provision of drinking water was operative in 72% of villages. * Post offices and banks did not exist in over 45% & 82% of Haryana’s villages respectively. * Pre-primary & primary school facilities were available in about 90% of Haryana’s villages. * 46% of the villages were more than 5 km. away from the nearest Primary Health Centre * 65% of the villages had a private clinic or doctor and only 3% had a medicine shop. • Facilities for the disabled such as schools for the blind, the deaf and dumb and the mentally retarded were extremely rare. CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION 'India lives in villages', though an old saying, holds good even today as Indian economy is sustained to a great extent by agriculture. This is supported by the fact that nearly 23% of our nation's gross domestic product accrues from the primary sector and nearly 70% of the population lives in rural areas. The planning process at the Centre as well as in the State is aimed at improving the minimum basic facilities in rural sector preferably, power, education, transport, communication etc. Planning process is nearing 50 years period and it may be necessary to take a look at the progress made so far in this direction. Keeping this aspect in mind the National Sample Survey Organisation had launched a nation wide survey for ascertaining the status of village facilities under the NSS 58th round. This survey was held in Haryana in 80 villages during July, 2002 to December, 2002. The focus was mainly on the availability of facilities in the fields of Education, Health, Communication, Power, Water Supply, Irrigation, Community facilities and Drainage. HISTORY, SCOPE & COVERAGE The 58th round of National Sample Survey is earmarked for collection of data on Disability, Housing Condition, Village Facilities, Slum particulars, Household Consumer Expenditure and Employment & Unemployment. The field operation of the survey was conducted from 1st July, 2002 to 31st December, 2002. Among other items of survey, the facilities available in the villages was given due importance in the 58th round of National Sample Survey. The collection of data on availability of various infrastructure facilities in the village was done more or less regularly till the NSS 22nd round. Thereafter, such information has been collected only in a few rounds occasionally. A detailed survey on village facilities was conducted by the NSSO during 47th round. Some of the facilities available in the villages were collected along with listing operations during the 52nd round also. In the 52nd round, the information regarding education and related facilities, health facilities available for all age group of persons and infrastructure facilities available in villages were given importance. The information on this aspect was collected for the selected villages (FSUs) as a whole by the field investigators by contacting village officials/other knowledgeable persons residing in the village. In case they were not aware Block Development Officer or other related agencies were consulted for collection of the relevant information. 1 Schedule 3.1 has been formulated for the purpose of canvassing information on the facilities available in the villages. This schedule is designed to collect information relating to availability of some general facilities in the villages like electricity connection, drinking water, government development programmes and some specified facilities relating to education, health and rehabilitation of the disabled persons. If a facility is available in general to the villages, it will be considered as a facility. The main findings of the survey are presented in Chapter 4 of the report. Concepts & definitions, survey design and estimation procedure are at a chapter 2 & 3 respectively. 2 CHAPTER-2 SAMPLE DESIGN & ESTIMATION PROCEDURE The fifty-eight round was of six months duration from 1st July, 2002 to 31st December, 2002. This six months period was divided into Sub-Round of three months duration as given below:Sub-Round Period 1 July - September 2002 2 October - December 2002 Schedules of Inquiry The broad subjects and schedules of inquiry for the 58th Round are as follows. Sr.No Schedule Description 1 0.0 Listing of Houses 2 3.1 Village Facilities 3 0.21 Particulars of Slum 4 26 Survey of Disabled person 5 1.2 Housing Condition 6 1.0 Household Consumer Expenditure Sample Design Outline of sample design: A stratified multi-stage sample design was adopted in this round. The first-stage units were census villages in the rural sector and the NSSO Urban Frame Survey (UFS) blocks in the urban sector. The ultimate stage units were households in both the sectors. Sampling Frame for first-Stage Units : For the rural sector, the list of Census 1991 villages constituted the sampling frame. For the urban sector, the lists of latest available Urban Frame Survey (UFS) blocks were considered as the sampling frame. Rural: Two special strata were formed as given below at the State/UT level on the basis of Population Census 1991 Viz. Stratum 1 : all FSUs with population between 0 to 50, and Stratum 2 : FSUs with population more than 15,000 3 The special stratum 1 was formed if at least 50 such FSUs were found in a State/UT. Similarly, special stratum 2 was formed if at least 4 such FSUs were found in a State/UT. Otherwise, such FSUs were merged with the general strata. From the remaining FSUs (not covered under stratum 1 & 2) general strata was formed numbered 3,4,5.... etc. (even if no special stratum have been formed). Each district of a State/UT was normally treated as a separate stratum. However, if the provisional population of the district was greater than or equal to 2.5 million as per Census 2001, that the district was divided into two or more strata with more or less equal population as per population Census 1991 by grouping contiguous tehsils. Urban Sector: In the urban sector, stratum was found within each NSS region on the basis of size class of towns as per Census 1991 town population. The stratum number and their composition are given below: STRATUM NUMBER COMPOSTION OF STRATA 1 All towns with population (P)<0.1 million 2 All towns with 0.1<P< 0.5 Million 3 All towns with 0.5<P< 1 Million 4,5,6…. Each town with P> 1 Million Sub-stratification: There was no sub-stratification in the rural sector. Allocation of Samples between Rural and Urban Sector: samples was allocated between two sectors in proportion to provisional population as per Census 2001 with double weightage to urban sector. Allocation of Rural/Urban sector level sample size to strata/sub-strata: Both rural and urban sector sample allotted to a State/UT were allocated to different strata in proportion to population of the stratum. All the stratum-level allocation were adjusted to multiple of 2 Stratum-level sample size in the urban sector was further allocated to 2 sub-strata in proportion to the number of UFS blocks in them with double weightage to sub-stratun 1 subject to a minimum sample size of 2 or 4 to sub-stratum 1 according at stratum-level allocation is 4 greater than 4. Sub-stratum level allocation in the urban sector were made even. Selection of FSUs: FSUs were selected in the form of two independent sub-sample in both the sectors. For special stratum 2 and all the general strata of rural sector, FSUs were selected by 4 probability proportional to size with replacement (PPSWR) where size was the 1991 census population. For urban sector and special stratum 1 of rural sector, FSUs were selected by simple random sampling without replacement (SRSWOR) . Formation of hamlet-group/sub-block: Large villages having approximate present population 1200 or more were divided into a suitable number of hamlet-group as given below: Approximate present population No. of hamlet-group formed (Value of ‘P’) (Value of ‘D’) Less than 1200 1 1200 to 1799 3 1800 to 2399 4 2400 to 2999 5 3000 to 3599 6 … and so on For large villages two hamlet-group were selected by SRSWOR and were combined to from segment 2. For villages without hamlet-group formation, segment number was also 2. The segment were considered separately for listing and selection of the ultimate-stage units. Notation: s= subscript for s-th stratum t= subscript for t-th sub-stratum of an urban stratum (t=1,2) m= subscript for sub-sample (m = 1,2) i= subscript for I-th FSU {village (panchyat ward)/block} j= subscript for j-th second stage stratum of an FSU k= subscript for k-th sample household under a particular second stratum within an FSU D = total number of Hg’s/sb’s formed in the sample village (panchyat ward)/block D* = 1 if D = 1 = D/2 for rural FSUs with D > 1 = (D-1) for urban FSU with D > 1 and with segment 1 = D/2 for urban FSUs with D > 1 and without segment N= total number of FSUs in an urban stratum/sub-stratum or rural stratum 1 5 Z= total size of general stratum or special stratum 2 of rural sector (= sum of size for all the FSUs of a stratum) z= size of sample village used for selection. n= number of sample village/block surveyed including zero cases but excluding casualty for a particular sub-sample and stratum/sub-stratum. y= observed value of characteristics y under estimation Y= estimate of population total Y for the characteristics y Under the above symbols, Ysmiujk = observed value of the characteristic y for the k-th household in the j-th second stage stratum of the u-th segment (u = 1,2) of the I-th FSU belonging to the m-th sub-sample for the s-th rural stratum, Ysmiujk = observed value of the characteristic y for the k-th household in th j-the second stage stratum of the u-th segment (u = 1,2) of the FSU belonging to the m-th sub-sample for the t-th substratum of s-th urban stratum However, for ease of understanding, a few symbols have been suppressed in following paragraphs where they are obvious. Formulae for estimation of aggreates for a particular sub-sample and stratum/sub-stratum in Rural/Urban Sector: A) Schedule 3.1 Rural : (a) Estimation formula for stratum 1 (i.e. special stratum at State/UT level): (i) for estimating the number of households possessing a characteristic: where y is the total of observed values for the characteristic y belonging to segment 2 of the i-th FSU. 6 (ii) For estimating the number of villages possessing a characteristic: where y is taken as 1 for sample villages possessing the characteristic and 0 otherwise. (b) Estimation formula for other strata: (i) For estimating the number of households possessing a characteristic: (ii) For estimating the number of villages possessing a characteristic: 7 CHAPTER-3 CONCEPTS & DEFINITIONS The important concepts used in the survey of village facilities in the 58th round of National Sample Survey along with its definitions are given below:Electricity Connection: The availability of electricity in the villages for different purposes is recorded in this item. If the electricity connection in a village is used for the purposes like lighting of street lights, household use, agricultural purposes, industrial purpose etc within the village, it is treated as fully electrified village. Conventional Energy: Means energy generated using petroleum, coal, atomic energy and hydroelectric energy. Non-conventional Energy: Solar energy, wind energy, biogas etc if used for lighting, cooking, household purpose are categorized as non-conventional energy. Community TV Centre: It is a place accessible to the villagers where facility of viewing TV programme is available. Cable TV Connection: Cable TV connection of the different TV channels which are generally not accessible through normal TV antenna. Drainage System: A system of carrying waste water and liquid waste of the village is called the drainage system. Co-operative Society: Co-operative society is a society that is formed through the cooperation of a number of persons for the benefit of the members. Self-help Group: A self-help group (SFG) is a voluntary gathering of people who share a common problem condition or history. By coming together members share support and ideas on how to cope and live more a productive and fulfilling life. Tehsil/Tehsil Headquarter: Thesil/Tehsil Headquarter means headquarter of immediately lower administrative unit under the district. Metalled Road: Metalled road means roads made up of pucca asphat, cement, concrete, bricks, stones etc. Light Weather Road: This is the road used for all the season of the year irrespective of the material used for the road. 8 Pre Primary School: Pre primary school is a place for giving non formal pre-school education along with the programme of supplementary nutrition and health care to the children of age below 6 years. Primary School: Education upto class IV is considered as primary education. However in some States class V is also included in primary level. Middle School: Middle school is one which provides education generally upto 8th standard. Secondary School: Secondary school provides education upto 10th standard. Higher Secondary School/Junior College: Higher Secondary school provides education upto 10+2 standard. It is also known as junior college. College with Degree Course: Colleges provide degree courses with a minimum of Bachelors Degree recognized by a university is covered under this item. Colleges provide diploma which are equivalent to degree courses are also covered under this item. Industrial Training Institute: These are the institution registered with the government for providing education leading to technical skill to persons with a minimum educational level of 8th standard. Non-formal Education Centre (NFEC): These Centres provide education to children in the age group of 6 to 14 years who could not attend formal education institution. Sub Centre/Dispensary: A Sub Centre is a most peripheral contact point in the primary health care system. It covers around 5000 population in plain area and 3000 population in hilly/tribal area. It is run by government and located in the rural area. It is manned by two multi-purpose health workers/one male and one female. A sub centre usually does not have facilities for treatment as inpatients. These centres are run by the Government. Dispensary is the consulting place/chamber which does not have facilities for treatment as inpatients. Primary Health Centre: Primary health centre is the first contact point between a village community and medical officer. It has a medical officer and other paramedical staff. It is run by the government and usually has in-patients and outpatients facilities. A public Health Centre has jurisdiction over this spot centres and serve about 30,000 population in plain area and 20,000 population in hilly/tribal area. Community Health Centre/Government Hospital: Community health centre serves a population of 1.2 lakhs in plain area and 80,000 population in the hilly/tribal area. It functions as a referral centre for the public. It is manned by medical officer and paramedical staff and has inpatients and 9 outpatients facilities. Medical institutions having provisions of admission of sick persons as indoor patients for treatment are called hospitals. Private Hospital: These are the hospitals run by private body, trust, NGO's. Nursing homes run by private body are also included in this category. Private Clinic: Private clinic is the consulting place/chamber of private doctor. Doctor: Doctors are those having degree/diploma in medicine and also registration with the recognized university/institution deemed to be universities. Medical Shop: A shop which sells drugs and medicines in all system of medicines namely allopathy, homeopathy, ayurvedic or unani medicines will be considered as a medical shop. Integrated Child Development Centre (Aganwadi/Balwadi): Under the integrated child development scheme (ICDS) supplementary nutrition is given to the children of age group upto 6 years expectant and nursing mothers through its service centres namely aganwadi/balwadi and special nutrition centers. The institutions of aganwadi/balwadi also provide non-formal pre school education to the children of age group of 3 to 5 years and health and nutritional education to mothers. Public call Office/Public e-mail: Public call office/e-mail centres refers to a place accessible to the villagers with or without payment of fee. E-mail is the electronic mail which is send through network (internet from one place to another). Bank: Bank includes all nationalized banks including State Bank of India and its subsidiaries and scheduled, non scheduled banks. Co-operative banks are not included in this scheme. Veterinary Hospital/Dispensary: Veterinary hospital or dispensary is the place where there is a provision for the treatment of the animals. Fair Price Shop: Fair price shop is the shop which sells some essential commodities at subsidized rate. Fertilizer/Pesticides Shop: Fertilizer/pesticides shop is one which sells fertilizer or pesticides. 10 CHAPTER-4 Summary of Findings In the NSS 58th round, information was collected on various infrastructural facilities in the villages. The facilities covered included electricity, drinking water, drainage, irrigation and non-conventional energy, the nature of availability being investigated to some extent. The group of 36 items formed five sub-groups: (a) general, (b) education related facilities, (c) health facilities, (d) other facilities and (e) facilities for disabled persons. Information on general facilities related to panchayat, tehsil or district headquarters, railway station, bus stop, metalled road and all-weather road, education related facilities included availability of schools, colleges, training institutes, non-formal education centres etc. Health facilities included dispensaries, primary health centres, hospitals, medicine shops etc. Other facilities included child development service centres, post offices, telegraph offices, banks, veterinary hospitals/ dispensaries, fertilizer/pesticide shops, fair price shops, market etc. Facilities for disabled persons included special schools for the blind, the deaf and dumb and the mentally retarted, integrated educational centres, orgainisations for the rehabilitation of disabled persons etc. The information on the facilities available to the villagers was collected from one or more knowledgeable persons of the village. The following table 4.1 gives the source of such information collected during the survey. Table 4.1 Percentage of informant for schedule on village facilities in the surveyed villages. State Informant for schedule on village facilities Sarpanch Male Female 55.0 8.8 Other Gram Panchyat sewak/ member other village official 17.5 5.0 All-India 26.8 4.3 26.1 Haryana 21.8 School teacher Health personnel Other n.r. informant All 1.2 0 12.5 0 100.0 8.2 0.4 11.9 0.5 100.0 It is observed from the table that about 86% of the informants were Sarpanches or other Panchyat Members or Gram Sevaks /other village officials in Haryana, while this was 79% at all-India level. 11 Availability of Electricity:Emphasis was given on the purpose for which the electricity was available. The purposes were classified as: street lighting only, household use only, agricultural use only, industrial purposes only and any combination of the previous four types. The following table 4.2 shows the percentage distribution of villages having electricity by purpose of availability. Table 4.2 Percentage distribution of villages having electricity connection by purpose of availability. State Percentage of Percentage distribution of villages having electricity by purpose of villages availability of electricity having Street House- Agricultural Industrial Two or n.r. All electricity light Hold purpose purpose more of only use only only the Only purpose Haryana 100.0 3.3 21.1 0 0 75.6 0 100.0 All-India 77.6 2.3 23.6 2.9 1.6 68.0 1.6 100.0 Graph-1. Percentage distribution of villages having electricity by purpose. Household use only 21% Street lights only 3% Two or more of the purposes 76% Agri.purpose only 0% Industrial Purpose only 0% The above table and graph shows that 100% villages of Haryana are getting the facility of electricity, while more than ¾ (77.6%) of villages in India had the facility of electricity. In Haryana, 21.1% reported that electricity was available for household purposes only, 3.3% had electricity for street lights only, and 75.6% of the villages which had the facility of electricity reported that it was available for more than one purpose. 12 Availability of non-conventional energy:The table 4.3 shows percentage distribution of villages having specific sources of non-conventional energy. Table 4.3 Percentage distribution of villages having non-conventional sources of energy and their distribution by source type. State Percentage Percentage distribution by source type of villages BioSolar Wind Two or Others n.r. All having NCE gas energy energy more of only only only the forms Haryana 6.5 82.4 0 0 0 17.6 0 100.0 All India 11.7 53.6 17.3 1.2 5.7 11.3 10.9 100.0 Graph-2. Percentage distribution of villages by specific sources of non-conventional energy. Wind energy only Others 0% Two or 18% more of the forms 0% Solar Bio-gas energy only only 0% 82% The above table and graph shows that non-conventional energy was found to be available in 6.5% of all villages in Haryana, while this percentage was 11.7% at all-India level. In Haryana, amongst the villages using non-conventional energy sources, 82.4% were using bio-gas only and 17.6% were using sources of energy other than those mentioned above. 13 Source of Drinking Water:Villages were categorised according to the major source of drinking water used: tap, tube-well/hand pump, well, tank/pond (reserved for drinking), other tank/pond, river/canal/lake, spring and others. The following table shows the percentage distribution of villages by major source of drinking water. Table 4.4 Percentage distribution of villages by major source of drinking water. State Tap Tube well/ hand pump Well Tank/pond Other tank/pond River/canal/ lake Spring Others n.r. All Percentage distribution of villages by major source of drinking water Haryana 45.3 48.6 6.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 100.0 All-India 18.5 55.1 17.6 0.8 0.2 1.9 2.9 1.7 1.3 100.0 Graph-3. Percentage distribution of villages by major source of drinking water. Other tank/pond 0% Well 6% Tank/pond Spring River/canal/ 0% 0% lake 0% Tap 45% Tubewell/hand pump 49% The above table and graph reveals that tube-well/hand pump were the major source of drinking water in Haryana as well as at all-India level. The 2nd major source of drinking water was tap at both levels. 14 Drainage System :Four types of drainage system were considered for classification: underground, covered pucca, open pucca and open katcha. The following table shows the position about drainage system. Table 4.5 Percentage distribution of villages having drainage system and type of drainage system. State Percentage Percentage distribution of villages by type of drainage system of villages Under Covered Open Open n.r. All having ground pucca pucca katcha drainage system Haryana 89.1 0 0 75.0 25.0 0 100.0 All-India 30.0 0.6 1.7 50.4 43.0 4.3 100.0 Graph-4. Percentage distribution of villages by type of drainage system. Underground Open katcha 0% 25% Covered pucca 0% Open pucca 75% The above table and graph shows that the drainage facility in the villages of India remained inadequate. Only 30% of the villages in India had drainage system. While the position of drainage system in Haryana (89%) much better as compared to all-India level. The majority proportion of villages in Haryana had open pucca (75%) type drainage system. 15 Availability and Source of Irrigation:Information was collected on the main sources of irrigation in the villages with land used for agricultural purposes, the sources categorized as canal, tube well, stream/river, tank/pond, well and others. The following table shows the percentage distribution of villages having irrigation facility and by type of such facility. Table 4.6 Percentage distribution of villages having irrigation facilities and by type of such facility. State Percentage Percentage distribution of villages by type of irrigation facility of villages Canal Tube Stream/ Tank/ Well Others n.r. All having well river pond irrigation facility Haryana 89.3 17.6 80.6 0 1.8 0 0 0 100.0 All-India 76.2 17.3 48.1 7.4 5.6 16.2 3.7 1.7 100.0 Gra ph-5. P e rce nta ge distribution of villa ge s by type of irriga tion fa cilitie s. Well 0% Tank/pond 2% Stream /river 0% C anal 18% Tube-w ell 80% The above table and graph reveals that some source of irrigation was available to 89.3% of villages of Haryana, while this percentage was 76.2% at all-India level. Amongst these villages, tube-well served as main irrigation source for 80.6%, canal for 17.6% and tank/pond for 1.8% in Haryana. Tube-well remained main irrigation source for 48.1 at all-India level also. 16 Availability of Community TV centre, Cable TV, Cooperative society and Self-help group:The following table 4.7 shows the percentage of villages having the facility of community TV centre, cable TV, Co-operative society and Self-help group. Table 4.7 Percentage distribution of villages having the facility of community TV centre, Cable TV, Co-operative society & Self-help group. State Percentage distribution of villages having following facilities Community TV centre Cable TV centre Co-operative Self-help group society Haryana 10.8 24.9 56.2 6.2 All-India 6.5 16.4 30.2 24.0 The above table reveals that only 10.8% village having the facility of community TV centre in Haryana, while this percentage was much lower at all India level. The percentage of villages with availability of cable TV connection was 24.9% in Haryana & 16.4% at all-India level. At all-India level around 30% of villages had co-operative societies and 24.0% of villages had selfhelp group. While in the case of Haryana, around 56% of villages had co-operative societies and 6.2% of villages had self-help groups. 17 Government Development Programme:The Government of India & State Govt. has with the help of various agencies, tried to bring the villages within the reach of its different developmental programmes. The 58th round of NSS study whether or not the village is under any government development programme/scheme relating to housing, employment, approach road, drinking water, sanitation, pension, electricity, water shed/minor irrigation, adult education under the total literacy programme in State Governments have to cover all rural habitation. In case of housing, there are schemes like Indira Awas Yojana under which assistance is provided for construction of dwelling units to the villagers. There are various schemes for providing sanitary latrines, drainage etc. State Govt. also distribute old age pension and if any villager is getting the benefit, it will be treated that village is getting the benefit of pension. The following table 4.8 shows percentage of villages having govt. development programme. Table 4.8 Percentage of villages benefited from some Govt. Development Programmes. Percentage of villages getting benefit from G.D.P. Drinking water Housing Sanitation Approach roads Employment Pension Electricity Water shed/ irrigation Literacy compaign/ education State State 71.8 61.0 22.4 75.0 17.4 91.3 81.5 25.8 15.9 All-India 62.8 59.8 18.8 57.1 36.5 70.5 44.9 18.4 30.6 The above table reveals that among the different categories of government developmental programmes, programmes relating to pension had reached the highest percentage of villages in Haryana (91.3%) as well as all-India (70.5%) level. In Haryana, pension is followed by those relating to electricity (81.5%), approach road (75.0%), drinking water (71.8%), housing (61.0%). It is also observed that the programmes relating to sanitation, employment & literacy compaign have not received much attention as compared to other programmes. 18 Distance from General Facilities:The following table shows percentage distribution of villages in Haryana by distance from various general facilities: panchayat/tehsil/district headquarters, railway station, bus stops, metalled roads, all-weather roads, post offices, telegraph offices/PCO/e-mail facilities, banks, veterinary shops/dispensaries, fertilizer/pesticide shops, fair price shops and markets/weekly markets. Table 4.9 Percentage distribution of villages by their distance from the nearest general facilities. Facilities Location of facility Within village Outside village but at a distance (kms.) of Less 2-5 5-10 than 2 More n.r. All than 10 1. Panchayat headquarter 63.8 3.2 11.7 7.4 13.9 0 100.0 2. Tehsil headquarter 0 4.0 6.2 21.5 68.3 0 100.0 3. District headquarter 0 1.4 3.7 11.2 83.7 0 100.0 4. Railway station 1.8 10.6 12.4 21.0 54.2 0 100.0 5. Bus stop 45.4 20.1 25.4 1.6 7.5 0 100.0 6. Metal road 70.6 18.6 4.9 2.4 3.5 0 100.0 7. All weather road 66.5 18.9 8.2 4.3 2.1 0 100.0 8. Post office 55.4 5.4 35.0 3.8 0.4 0 100.0 9. Telegraph Office/PCO/e-mail 31.2 2.4 38.8 13.8 13.8 0 100.0 10. Bank 17.6 7.3 47.3 15.5 12.3 0 100.0 11. Veterinary hospital/dispensary 40.5 9.7 35.3 7.9 6.6 0 100.0 12. Fertilizer/pesticide shop 27.5 10.4 32.1 18.6 11.4 0 100.0 13. Fair price shop 67.2 9.9 14.6 1.8 6.5 0 100.0 14. Market/weekly market 11.2 3.9 26.0 25.2 33.7 0 100.0 The above table reveals that more than 83% of all villages were located more than 10 km. away from the district headquarters and more than 68% were more than 10 km. away from the tehsil headquarters, the panchayat headquarters, at least, were within the village for about 64% of the villages. 19 About 46% of villages were estimated to lie within 10 km. of a railway station. About 45% had a bus stop and another 45% were within 5 km of a bus stop. About 71% of the villages had a metalled road and about 67% had an all-weather road. About 55% of villages had a post office and another 40% were within 5 km. About 31% of villages had a telegraph office/PCO/e-mail facility and another 41% were within 5 km. Only about 18% of villages had a bank within the village. Another 55% were within 5 km. of a bank. For 12% of the villages, it was more than 10 km. away. About 41% of villages had veterinary hospital and about 28% of the villages had fertilizer/pesticide shop. 67% of villages had a fair price shop and another 25% were within 5km. Only 11% of villages had market/weekly market within village and about 34% of the villages, the people had to travel more than 10km. for market/weekly market. 20 Distance from Schools, Hospitals:The availability of educational & health care facilities is presented in table 4.10. Table 4.10 Percentage distribution of villages by their distance from the nearest education & health related facilities. Facilities Location of facility Within village Outside village but at a distance (kms.) of Less 2-5 5-10 More n.r. All than 2 than 10 a) General Education 1. Pre-primary school 91.6 1.6 5.6 0 1.2 0 100.0 2. Primary school 88.5 4.7 5.6 0 1.2 0 100.0 3. Middle school 62.6 14.6 21.6 0 1.2 0 100.0 4. Secondary school 36.2 11.5 34.0 8.3 10.0 0 100.0 5. Higher secondary/college 14.5 6.5 44.1 20.2 14.7 0 100.0 6. College with degree course 0 0 12.9 25.7 61.4 0 100.0 7. ITI 0.8 0 11.8 22.0 65.4 0 100.0 8. NFEC 2.6 0 7.8 13.2 76.4 0 100.0 b) Health 1. ICDSC (anganwadi) 86.3 3.1 3.1 4.3 3.2 0 100.0 2. Sub-centre/dispensary 30.2 4.9 40.8 19.8 4.3 0 100.0 3. Primary health centre 13.7 6.3 34.6 27.3 18.1 0 100.0 4. Community/govt. hospital 2.6 0 28.6 30.8 38.0 0 100.0 5. Private hospital 4.5 4.5 30.7 23.8 36.5 0 100.0 6. Private clinic/doctor 64.8 14.3 14.2 5.2 1.5 0 100.0 7. Medicine shop 2.6 0 27.4 32.0 38.0 0 100.0 The above table reveals that pre-primary and primary education in the villages is relatively easily available compared to the other educational facilities. About 92% of the villages of Haryana had pre-primary schooling facilities and 89% had primary school facilities during the period of survey. While about 63% of villages had middle school facilities and 36% had secondary school. No village of Haryana had Degree College within village. Colleges offering degree courses were more than 5 km. away for 87% of Haryana’s villages and more than 10 km. away for 61% of the villages. About 65% of the villages were more than 10 km away from the nearest ITI and about 21 76% of the villages were more than 10 km away from the nearest Non-Formal Education Centre (NFEC). The survey also found that about 86% of villages of Haryana had ICDSC (aganwadi). About 24% of the villages had to travel more than 5 km to travel to the nearest subcentre/dispensary. Only 30% of villages had sub-centre/dispensary in the village. Also, 45% of the villages were more than 5 km. away from the nearest Primary Health Centre and 18% were more than 10 km. away from it. For 38% of villages, the nearest Community Health Centre/ government hospital was more than 10 km. away. Private hospitals were equally scarce, the nearest one being more than 10 km. away for 37% of the villages. The private clinic or doctor was more easily available. This facility existed in 65% of the villages, and was within 5 km. for another 29%. The medicine shop was found to exist in only 3% of Haryana’s villages. 22 Facilities for the Disabled:Information was collected during the survey on the availability of the following facilities for the disabled in table 4.11. Table 4.11 Percentage distribution of villages by their distance from the nearest facility for disabled persons. Facility Location of facility Within village 1. Integrated education centre 0.2 Outside village but at a distance (kms.) of Less 2-5 5-10 More n.r. All than 2 than 10 0 1.1 7.8 90.9 0 100.0 2. Special school for blind 0 0 0.1 0.8 99.1 0 100.0 3. Special school for deaf & dumb 0 0 0 0 100.0 0 100.0 4. Special school for mentally retarted 5. Vocational training centre 0 0 0 0 100.0 0 100.0 0.2 0.8 0.3 0.3 98.4 0 100.0 0 0 0.2 0 99.8 0 100.0 6. Institution/org. for rehabilitation of disabled persons Percentage of villages to which mobile rehabilitation services available 3.1 The above table shows that the integrated education centre & vocational training centre were found to exist in only 0.2% of Haryana’s villages. The remaining schools/institutions for the disabled were found to be beyond 10 km. of 90-100% of the villages. Mobile rehabilitation services were found to be available to only 3% of Haryana’s villages. 23 APPENDIX State 1 Haryana All-India* Table 1. Number of surveyed villages by the type of informant for schedule on village facilities. Informant for schedule on village facilities . Sarpanch Other Panchayat Gram sewak/ School Health Others not All Male Female member other village teacher personnel recorded official 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 44 7 14 4 1 0 10 0 80 1245 198 1213 1011 379 20 555 25 4646 * Source:- Report on Village Facilities (NSSO) 24 State 1 Haryana All-India Table 2. Distribution of villages having electricity connection and purpose of availability. Number of villages by purpose of availability of electricity . Villages Per 1000 villages having electricity . having Street Household Agricultural Industrial any combination not All electricity lights use only purpose purpose in col. 3 to 6 recorded connection only only only per 1000 villages 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1000 33 211 0 0 756 0 1000 776 23 236 29 16 679 16 1000 25 State 1 Haryana All-India Table 3. Distribution of villages having non-conventional source of energy and source type. Number of Number of villages having non-conventional source of energy villages Per 1000 villages with these energy sources having Bio-gas Solar Wind any combination Others not non-conventional energy energy of sources in recorded source of energy col. 3 to 5 per 1000 villages 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 65 824 0 0 0 176 0 117 536 173 12 57 113 109 26 . All 9 1000 1000 State 1 Haryana All-India Table 4. Distribution of villages by major source of drinking water per 1000 villages. Distribution (per 1000) of villages by major source of drinking water Tap Tubewell/ Well Tank/ Other tank/ River/ Spring Others not hand pump pond pond canal/lake recorded 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 453 486 61 0 0 0 0 0 0 185 551 176 8 2 19 29 17 13 27 . All 11 1000 1000 State 1 Haryana All-India Table- 5 Distribution of villages having drainage system and type of drainage system. Number of Number of villages by type of drainage system . villages Under Covered Open Open not All having ground pacca pacca katcha recorded drainage system per 1000 villages 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 891 0 0 750 250 0 1000 300 6 17 504 430 43 1000 28 State 1 Haryana All-India Table-6 Distribution of villages having irrigation facility and by type of such facility. Number of Number of villages by type of irrigation facility villages Canal Tubewell Stream/river Tank/pond Well Others not having recorded irrigation facility per 1000 villages 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 893 176 806 0 18 0 0 0 762 173 481 74 56 162 37 17 29 . All 10 1000 1000 Table-7 Distribution of villages per 1000 having facilities/existence of community TV centre, cable TV, Co-operative Society & Self-help group. State Number of villages (per 1000) having . Community TV Cable TV Co-operative Society Self-help group 1 2 3 4 5 Haryana 108 249 562 62 All-India 65 164 302 240 30 Table-8. Number of villages having govt. development programme/scheme per 1000 villages. State 1 Haryana All-India Drinking water Number of villages per 1000 having govt. development programme relating to Housing Sanitation Approach Employment Pension Electricity Watershed/ road irrigation 2 718 628 3 610 598 4 224 188 5 750 571 6 174 365 31 7 913 705 8 815 449 9 258 184 . Literacy campaign/ education 10 159 306 Table-9. Number of villages by their distance from the nearest general facilities per 1000 villages. Facilities Within village 2 638 less than 2 3 31 2-5 4 117 Location of facility Outside village but at a distance (kms.) of 5-10 >= 10 not recorded 5 6 7 74 139 0 . . All 8 1000 1 1. Panchayat headquarter 2. Tehsil headquarter 0 40 62 215 683 0 1000 3. District headquarter 0 14 37 112 837 0 1000 4. Railway station 18 107 124 210 542 0 1000 5. Bus stop 454 201 254 16 75 0 1000 6. Metal road 706 186 49 24 35 0 1000 7. All weather road 665 189 82 43 21 0 1000 8. Post office 554 54 350 38 4 0 1000 9. Tele. Office/PCO/e-mail 312 23 388 138 138 0 1000 10. Bank 176 73 473 155 123 0 1000 11. Veterinary hosp./disp. 405 97 353 79 66 0 1000 12. Fertilizer/pest. Shop 275 104 321 186 114 0 1000 13. Fair price shop 672 99 146 18 65 0 1000 14. Market/weekly market 112 39 260 252 337 0 1000 32 Table-10. Number of villages by their distance from the nearest education & health related facilities per 1000 villages. Location of facility Facilities 1 General Education Within village 2 . Outside village but at a distance (kms.) of less than 2 3 2-5 4 5-10 5 >= 10 6 . not recorded 7 All 8 1. Pre-primary school 916 16 56 0 12 0 1000 2. Primary school 885 47 56 0 12 0 1000 3. Middle school 626 146 217 0 12 0 1000 4. Secondary school 362 115 340 83 101 0 1000 5. Higher secondary/college 145 65 441 202 147 0 1000 6. College with deg. Course 0 0 129 257 614 0 1000 7. I.T.I. 8 0 118 221 654 0 1000 8. NFEC 26 0 78 132 764 0 1000 Health 1. ICDSC (aganwadi) 863 31 31 43 32 0 1000 2. Sub centred/dispensary 301 49 408 198 43 0 1000 3. Primary health centre 137 63 346 273 181 0 1000 4. Community/govt. hospital 26 0 286 307 380 0 1000 5. Private hospital 45 45 307 239 365 0 1000 6. Private clinic/doctor 648 143 142 52 15 0 1000 7. Medicine shop 26 0 274 320 380 0 1000 33 Table- 11- Number of villages by their distance from the nearest facilities for the disabled persons per 1000 villages. Location of facility Facilities Within villages Less than 2 . Outside village but at a distance (kms.) of 2-5 5-10 > = 10 not recorded 4 5 6 7 11 78 909 0 . All 1 1. Integrated education centre 2 2 3 0 8 1000 2. Special school for blind 0 0 1 8 991 0 1000 3. Special school for deaf & dumb 0 0 0 0 1000 0 1000 4. Special school for mentally 0 0 0 0 1000 0 1000 retarded 5. Vocational training centre 2 8 3 3 984 0 1000 6. Institution/organisation for 0 0 2 0 998 0 1000 rehabilitation of disabled persons Number of villages to which mobile rehabilitation services available per 1000 villages 31 34 APPENDIX State 1 Haryana All-India* Table 1. Number of surveyed villages by the type of informant for schedule on village facilities. Informant for schedule on village facilities . Sarpanch Other Panchayat Gram sewak/ School Health Others not All Male Female member other village teacher personnel recorded official 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 44 7 14 4 1 0 10 0 80 1245 198 1213 1011 379 20 555 25 4646 * Source:- Report on Village Facilities (NSSO) 24 State 1 Haryana All-India Table 2. Distribution of villages having electricity connection and purpose of availability. Number of villages by purpose of availability of electricity . Villages Per 1000 villages having electricity . having Street Household Agricultural Industrial any combination not All electricity lights use only purpose purpose in col. 3 to 6 recorded connection only only only per 1000 villages 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1000 33 211 0 0 756 0 1000 776 23 236 29 16 679 16 1000 25 State 1 Haryana All-India Table 3. Distribution of villages having non-conventional source of energy and source type. Number of Number of villages having non-conventional source of energy villages Per 1000 villages with these energy sources having Bio-gas Solar Wind any combination Others not non-conventional energy energy of sources in recorded source of energy col. 3 to 5 per 1000 villages 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 65 824 0 0 0 176 0 117 536 173 12 57 113 109 26 . All 9 1000 1000 State 1 Haryana All-India Table 4. Distribution of villages by major source of drinking water per 1000 villages. Distribution (per 1000) of villages by major source of drinking water Tap Tubewell/ Well Tank/ Other tank/ River/ Spring Others not hand pump pond pond canal/lake recorded 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 453 486 61 0 0 0 0 0 0 185 551 176 8 2 19 29 17 13 27 . All 11 1000 1000 State 1 Haryana All-India Table- 5 Distribution of villages having drainage system and type of drainage system. Number of Number of villages by type of drainage system . villages Under Covered Open Open not All having ground pacca pacca katcha recorded drainage system per 1000 villages 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 891 0 0 750 250 0 1000 300 6 17 504 430 43 1000 28 State 1 Haryana All-India Table-6 Distribution of villages having irrigation facility and by type of such facility. Number of Number of villages by type of irrigation facility villages Canal Tubewell Stream/river Tank/pond Well Others not having recorded irrigation facility per 1000 villages 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 893 176 806 0 18 0 0 0 762 173 481 74 56 162 37 17 29 . All 10 1000 1000 Table-7 Distribution of villages per 1000 having facilities/existence of community TV centre, cable TV, Co-operative Society & Self-help group. State Number of villages (per 1000) having . Community TV Cable TV Co-operative Society Self-help group 1 2 3 4 5 Haryana 108 249 562 62 All-India 65 164 302 240 30 Table-8. Number of villages having govt. development programme/scheme per 1000 villages. State 1 Haryana All-India Drinking water Number of villages per 1000 having govt. development programme relating to Housing Sanitation Approach Employment Pension Electricity Watershed/ road irrigation 2 718 628 3 610 598 4 224 188 5 750 571 6 174 365 31 7 913 705 8 815 449 9 258 184 . Literacy campaign/ education 10 159 306 Table-9. Number of villages by their distance from the nearest general facilities per 1000 villages. Facilities Within village 2 638 less than 2 3 31 2-5 4 117 Location of facility Outside village but at a distance (kms.) of 5-10 >= 10 not recorded 5 6 7 74 139 0 . . All 8 1000 1 1. Panchayat headquarter 2. Tehsil headquarter 0 40 62 215 683 0 1000 3. District headquarter 0 14 37 112 837 0 1000 4. Railway station 18 107 124 210 542 0 1000 5. Bus stop 454 201 254 16 75 0 1000 6. Metal road 706 186 49 24 35 0 1000 7. All weather road 665 189 82 43 21 0 1000 8. Post office 554 54 350 38 4 0 1000 9. Tele. Office/PCO/e-mail 312 23 388 138 138 0 1000 10. Bank 176 73 473 155 123 0 1000 11. Veterinary hosp./disp. 405 97 353 79 66 0 1000 12. Fertilizer/pest. Shop 275 104 321 186 114 0 1000 13. Fair price shop 672 99 146 18 65 0 1000 14. Market/weekly market 112 39 260 252 337 0 1000 32 Table-10. Number of villages by their distance from the nearest education & health related facilities per 1000 villages. Location of facility Facilities 1 General Education Within village 2 . Outside village but at a distance (kms.) of less than 2 3 2-5 4 5-10 5 >= 10 6 . not recorded 7 All 8 1. Pre-primary school 916 16 56 0 12 0 1000 2. Primary school 885 47 56 0 12 0 1000 3. Middle school 626 146 217 0 12 0 1000 4. Secondary school 362 115 340 83 101 0 1000 5. Higher secondary/college 145 65 441 202 147 0 1000 6. College with deg. Course 0 0 129 257 614 0 1000 7. I.T.I. 8 0 118 221 654 0 1000 8. NFEC 26 0 78 132 764 0 1000 Health 1. ICDSC (aganwadi) 863 31 31 43 32 0 1000 2. Sub centred/dispensary 301 49 408 198 43 0 1000 3. Primary health centre 137 63 346 273 181 0 1000 4. Community/govt. hospital 26 0 286 307 380 0 1000 5. Private hospital 45 45 307 239 365 0 1000 6. Private clinic/doctor 648 143 142 52 15 0 1000 7. Medicine shop 26 0 274 320 380 0 1000 33 Table- 11- Number of villages by their distance from the nearest facilities for the disabled persons per 1000 villages. Location of facility Facilities Within villages Less than 2 . Outside village but at a distance (kms.) of 2-5 5-10 > = 10 not recorded 4 5 6 7 11 78 909 0 . All 1 1. Integrated education centre 2 2 3 0 8 1000 2. Special school for blind 0 0 1 8 991 0 1000 3. Special school for deaf & dumb 0 0 0 0 1000 0 1000 4. Special school for mentally 0 0 0 0 1000 0 1000 retarded 5. Vocational training centre 2 8 3 3 984 0 1000 6. Institution/organisation for 0 0 2 0 998 0 1000 rehabilitation of disabled persons Number of villages to which mobile rehabilitation services available per 1000 villages 31 34
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