CAD-BIM Manual
CAD-BIM Manual Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 1/68 MT Højgaard A/S Knud Højgaards Vej 9 2860 Søborg Denmark +45 7012 2400 mth.com Reg. no. 12562233 Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 2/68 Table of contents 1. 1.1 Introduction CAD-BIM Manual Update frequency * 4 4 2. 2.1 2.1.1 2.1.2 Revit Setup and program structure Revit installation (CAD Setup) What is done in the synchronization process? CAD Setup program walkthrough 5 5 5 5 3. 3.1 3.2 3.2.1 3.2.2 3.2.3 3.2.4 3.3 3.4 3.4.1 3.5 3.6 Revit template Model-file naming (BIPS) Revit Project Browser * Project Browser filters Project Browser structure View naming rule View Filters Materials Line types and line weights Line Styles Line patterns Hatches Filled Regions 7 7 8 9 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 4. 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.3.1 CAD Standards Bips Standard Project Specific Standard Applying Sfb codes to objects MTH Koder (How to add Vico 01 information) * 17 17 17 17 18 5. Making a new discipline model 19 6. Modeling Techniques 6.1 Primary building parts 6.2 Classification (SfB) 6.3 LOD (Level of development) * 6.3.1 Wall foundation 6.3.2 Isolated Foundation 6.3.3 Foundation Slab 6.3.4 Walls 6.3.5 Wall Sweeps 6.3.6 Structural Columns 6.3.7 Structural Beam 6.3.8 Windows 6.3.9 Doors 6.3.10 Floors / Slabs 6.3.11 Levels 6.3.12 Grids 26 27 27 28 29 33 35 37 40 42 45 48 49 51 53 55 7. 7.1 7.2 56 60 64 Model Coordination Project Base Points and Survey Points Worksets * Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 3/68 7.2.1 Linking files on Worksets * 64 8. 8.1 8.2 8.3 66 66 67 68 Checklists * Making a new discipline model * Model Cleanup and optimizing plan * Designers daily chechlist * PREPARED BY REVIEWED BY APPROVED BY First release MWH, CHIA JOLO POL, NIK, MIR, TD, SJOH, HEE, RKM, SPEY, HSN. General formatting and links updates CHIA, MWH JOLO, ETA, BLB, BVH. MWH, REV. DATE DESCRIPTION/CHANGES 1 2013-05-01 1.5 2013-10-01 Changed chapters: 1.1 CAD-BIM Manual Update frequency 3.2 Revit Browser Structure Added chapters: 4.3.1 MTH Koder (How to add Vico 01 information) 6.3 LOD (Level of development) 7.2 Worksets 8 Checklists 1.6 2013-10-08 Minor corrections CHIA, MWH HSN Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 4/68 1. Introduction This manual describes the way BIM models and drawings are made and handled in MT Højgaard. The procedures in this document are not intended as guidelines, but as a set of instructions, which have to be followed. This manual will not act as a Program Manual for Revit. The document therefore requires a basic level of Revit knowledge. Most of the topics will be supported with links to COBIM, Youtube videos and Revit Wikihelp. Use this manual in your daily work and make sure you always use the right naming and object for the task you are performing. If you find any of the subjects incomplete or not fully described, please send your question or comments to [email protected]. 1.1 CAD-BIM Manual Update frequency * This manual will have a general update every 1. May and a minor update 1. October. (Next revision will be 1. May 2014) Chapters with updated content will be marked with a star in the header. The “asterisk” * will also show in the Table of content, see example below. Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 5/68 2. Revit Setup and program structure This chapter describes settings in Revit. Basic settings such as line type, line weight, filters and materials are part of the template file. All these settings and general naming rule will be described in this chapter. 2.1 Revit installation (CAD Setup) This program will help you install and maintain your CAD-installation, by Synchronizing all shared CAD-files and custom content. The synchronization runs when the system starts up. 2.1.1 What is done in the synchronization process? The CAD Setup scans the programs on the computer and updates all the content of the installed CAD-software. The content is synchronized to the C-drive. (c:\MTH_CAD\...) - AutoCAD and Revit configurations files are automatically changed to point to the content on c:\MTH_CAD\.... Every Monday a backup of AutoCAD user files are copied to the user drive (P:\Autodesk\...). Service packs and updates are installed Addons for design software is installed ex. Revit extension tools and Revit worksharring monitor… Printer drivers, license monitors and other mandatory CAD-software is installed. NB. CAD Setup is available on any BIM or design PC in MTH. This program will later be translated to English. For installations outside of Denmark, ask BIM at [email protected] 2.1.2 CAD Setup program walkthrough Locate the program icon in your desktop – CAD Setup Main window Number 0 and 2 (AutoCAD) These points are used for AutoCAD setup. 0 defines the plotter location and 1 defines the AutoCAD standard. (This will also create an icon on the desktop, referencing to the standard chosen) Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 6/68 Number 2 This will start the CAD synchronization and update Revit and AutoCAD content from central server. All general and custom content is copied to the C-drive. MTH content is placed on the C-drive, to ensure all designers are working on the same data. Parth to Revit families’ ex.: C:\MTH_CAD\2014\Revit Number 3 (AutoCAD) Every Monday the program will makes a backup of AutoCAD user settings to the P-drive. It’s possible to run this process immediately, if needed. Number 4 (Software installation menu) Use this dialog for installing needed programs. Pick the programs in the list and press on “Kør installationer” to run the installations. NB. You will only be able to install programs you have the right to use it. If you get a message, telling that you are not able to install the program, you have to send a mail to [email protected] to get approved. Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 7/68 3. Revit template The Template for Revit 2014, is an multidiscipline template. There will be one template, that will be uses for all our primary disciplines (Structure, Mechanical and Electrical) there are also a few setups for the Architect discipline, but Architecture is not one of our primary fields at the moment. The big advances with one template are the ability to make quick changes to the template, and the changes are equal for all disciplines inimitably. There will be filters that will make is possible to hide information’s from other disciplines. By havening just one template, it is not the intension, that there will only be one model file. There will still be discipline models. 3.1 Model-file naming (BIPS) BIPS is the best known standard for Danish projects. Therefore this is the naming standard there will be uses, if no other standard is request on the project. Link to BIPS naming C 212 - page 9H to 10 Here is a list model examples names for discipline models (general naming): Structural model : <Project short name or number >_F_K_X_X_X_X_X.rvt Mechanical model : <Project short name or number >_F_V_X_X_X_X_X.rvt Electrical model : <Project short name or number >_F_E_X_X_X_X_X.rvt Architect model : <Project short name or number>_F_A_X_X_X_X_X.rvt Examples of a named Structural model: 12345_F_K_X_X_X_X_X.rvt KHV7_F_K_X_X_X_X_X.rvt It’s not good practice to rename a Modelfile in in the middle of a project fase. Discipline models are linked into other models, and it could generate problems, if a model changes name! Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 8/68 3.2 Revit Project Browser * It’s important to maintain a good project browser structure throughout the project as a part of the “good modelling discipline”. The model responsible person is responsible for a well structured model. If the project consists of an ICT-agreement, the naming convention and structure of views and sheets could very well be listed there. Examples of views with temporary purpose: - Views with initials Views containing (Copy of) Copy of 2...... The model responsible person is responsible for a cleanup plan. All designers have to make sure they don’t have any working or finished views containing wrong naming. Use the Browser Organization to find a users views (se also 3.2.3) Use the Template described in chapter 8.2, to ensure the discipline model always stays as agreed upon. Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 9/68 3.2.1 Project Browser filters MTH template contains all disciplines, therefore it’s necessary to filter the Project Browser, depending on the discipline and task, you are going to work on. Tip: Browser organization can be found, by right clicking on Views in the Project Browser. These filters (Architectural, Structural, Mechanical and Coordination) will only show the selected discipline. Make sure you make your own organization filters. Make sure that the name can be understood by the rest of the team. 3.2.2 Project Browser structure There are 3 predefined view types for each discipline in the template. These views are made from the 4 predefined levels, with a general cut plane at 1500mm and a view range from associated level to level about. The structure of the Project Browser, is defined by the View Template(4), which specify Discipline and sub discipline(2). These settings are made by the view template at the views creation point. Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 10/68 3.2.3 View naming rule All view names has to have the following information. <Building Story> <Reference Point>.<Discipline> - <Drawing subject> - - - Building Story o -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5….. Reference point o RC = Rought Concrete o FF = Finish Floor Discipline o A = Architectural o C = Construction o M = Mechanical o C = Coordination o E = Electrical o G = General Drawing subject (examples) o Walls o Ground plan o Beams o Switches o Ducts o Hot Water o Slabs o Emergency lighting Example: 0 RC.S - Walls Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 11/68 3.2.4 View Filters View filters are use all the time, to manipulate views. The amount of view filters in a project can therefore easily end up in hundred of views. It is critical that a common naming rule is used. Be sure to name your views as described beneath. This is an example of a general View filter, which can be applied to more view in the projects. Filter naming rule <Object filtered>_<Name> Examples: View Filter Name Description Section_Work* Section with a section type name starting with Work..... Wall_*200C* Walls with 200 somewhere in the type name Pipe_Water Cold Pipes, with object name Water Cold. * is a joker character. Work*, means the name starts with Work, and everything after the stare is not specified. Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 12/68 3.3 Materials All materials with the trailing _MTH are made for MTH and generally based on the bips standard. General naming rule for Materials General materials <Material type> - <material specification/usage>_MTH Project specific materials <Material type> - <material specification/usage>_<project short name> Tip: Use Project Materials filter to filter MTH Materials: Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 13/68 3.4 Line types and line weights The Line weight schema is made primary from the BIPS standard. Line Weight 4 is the general line weight (0.25 mm). The other line weights above and below number 4 is the same as is the bips layer structure - page 17. Line weight 1, is used for symbols and therefore the line weight will be 0.25 for all scales. All line weights from scale 1 to 100 is the same, after that the line weight gets slightly smaller, to match the need for more lines on a larger scale drawing. This is a normal practice for site plans and other plans in large scale. Perspective Line Weights Annotation Line Weights Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 14/68 3.4.1 Line Styles There are 7 predefined line widths with 5 different line types for each. (1) If no specific project standard is present, the general line style has to beuses regarding to the bips standard. (2) These are exampels of predefined linetyped based on usage. These are right now only examples. These will be updated and defind to each discipline in a later template update. MTH general line styles standards (1) Line styles based on discipline (2) Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 15/68 3.5 Line patterns The general line patterns are based on the bips standard. If a special project standard is needed, it’s critical to use the right naming for these. General naming rule for line patterns <discipline/standard> - <usage> Examples: Line patterns that are different from Revit standard has one of the following prefix: BIPS_xxxxxx Line patterns defined by the bips standard. MTH_ xxxxxx Line patterns often uses by MTH. This is not part of the general bips standard. S_xxxxxx Indicates the line pattern is used in a special discipline. Discipline types: A = Architectural C = Construction M = Mechanical C = Coordination E = Electrical G = General Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 16/68 3.6 Hatches Filled Regions The filled regions in the template are based on the bips standard. All standard MTH defined haches can be found under the legend MTH Filled Region. MTH Filled Region legend Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 17/68 4. CAD Standards In MT Højgaard we mainly work with 2 types of CAD Standards. Which one chosen at a specific time depends on the project as the type of project. No matter which standard is chosen, the ICT1/IKT 2contract should specify which one to use. 4.1 Bips Standard It’s important to look at any given standard with critical eyes to see if the standard is more complex or complicated than you can manage. Make sure the project-responsible person is aware of the extra complexity, and that the person has accepted the extra time there have to be added to the time Schedule. The “bips Standard” is normally chosen when the project is Danish, has a Danish Owner and is constructed in Denmark. The “bips Standard” describes project communication and model workflow. Bips CAD Manuals: CAD_manual_2008_instructions.pdf C202e_CAD_manual_2008_Standard_specification.pdf C201e_Layer_structure_2005.pdf C102e_CAD_manual_2008_instructions.pdf 4.2 Project Specific Standard A Project Specific Standard is often chosen by a Project Owner, who has some sort of local standard fx. US- and New York standards are used on projects in Thule Air Base, Greenland. Those different Project Specific Standards can say as little as what paper size to use when creating drawings, could tell everything about model procedures, how the BIM model should look and what to expect from that model. 4.3 Applying Sfb codes to objects MTH has an Add-in(MTH Koder), for adding Vico 01 to all object, with the proper Sfb code. The program is tagging the following object, with the proper Sfb Code (level 1 and 2): Ceilings, Doors, Floors, Railings, Ramps, Roofs, Sewers, Stairs, Structural Foundation, Walls and Windows. 1 Information and Communications Technology 1.1.1.1. 2 IKT is the Danish answer for a ICT (IKT specification - www.bips.dk) Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 18/68 4.3.1 MTH Koder (How to add Vico 01 information) * MTH koder can be located under the Add-ins tab. The added information will be shown in the properties tap. 1. Activate the function MTH Koder and pick the object you want to tag, and then press ok. 2. Make sure all objects are tagged and with the proper type. To do this, use a schedule showing Vico 01 for all objects. NB. The installation of MTH Koder (MTH Codes) is done by the CAD Setup menu at startup/synchronization. If the product is not installed please contact [email protected]. Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 19/68 5. Making a new discipline model This chapter describes the steps of making a new discipline model and linking all the necessary models to it. It is important to follow these steps every time a new discipline model is created to ensure a backwards traceable model structure. This procedure is normally performed by the model responsible person for the project. The following is a step by step description of creating a discipline model. Some of the steps are basic Revit knowledge, and will be described superficially. Use the Revit Wikihelp, for more information on basic Revit functionality. This procedure can be used for all types of discipline models. In this case it describes the creation of a Structural model. Description of main steps: File/project overview Creating discipline model from template Linking architect files/grids Shared coordinates/generate true coordinates 1. It is essential to get an overview of the project and files before starting the modeling. First of all, start finding all files for the project and organize the files in the right folders. Make sure you follow the structure described in the agreed project standard (eg. ICT contract). Open the architect model and check for the following: a. Survey point/base point You need a point referring to global coordinates. The architect model should have a global shared coordinate or there should be a file with a site map, showing the global building coordinates. Example:DWG-file with a defined global project point. b. Modelling technique Make sure the architect model is made properly without an unnecessary inplace model and with the correct use of the right building element type. (eg: walls are made as a wall object, with the use of the wall tool in Revit) c. Naming Check the general naming structure and make sure there will be no misunderstanding later on, regarding this structure. (Check chapter 5 regarding naming structure) Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 20/68 2. Make a new Revit file from a template. a. Chose: MTH_All_Discipline_Template. b. Select ground plan level c. Start linking the architect model to the newly created structural model. Follow the procedure described in chapter 7.2.1. Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 21/68 3. Delete all existing grids and levels from the template. 4. Use Copy Monitor to copy levels and grids from the architect model. If you have never used this tool before, make sure you have read the pages regarding Copy Monitor from Revit Wikihelp - Link to Revit WikHelp. a. Activate Copy Monitor – Select link and select your linked file. b. In the Options tab define which levels/grids type you want to add to your project. Make sure you have selected the right level/grids type. Add columns, walls and floors as needed. If you are planning to add a lot of self defined lev- Make sure you have loaded/created all the necesry Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 22/68 els/grids, you can add a suffix to the level name. families for Copy/Monitor in the dialogue box. Select OK to close the dialogue box. c. Activate - Copy (add the checkmark to the multiple option) d. Select all objects in the model and activate the filter function. e. Select the object you want to copy to your project. (To copy levels, you have to do the same again in a secion view) Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 23/68 5. f. Press finish (1 and 2) g. When you select at grid line an icon will tell you that the grid is monitored and will report back to you if the architect make any changes to the grid line. ¨ Make new structural floors from the newly created levels. Use the naming rule as described below. 0 RB.C Rough Concrete, Coordination Danish project (typically bips Standard) <Level> <Reference Point>.<Discipline> - <Drawing description> Here are some examples of levels on difference disciplines. See the template file and chapter 2.3 to learn more. Name -1 RB.S Description Examples from the Template file Rough Concrete, Structural 0 RB.C Rough Concrete, Coordination 1 RB.A Rough Concrete, Architectural 1 FG.M Finish Floor, (1. floor), Mechanical 1 FG.E Finish Floor, (1. floor), Electrical See more examples of levels in different discipline in chapter 2.3 Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 24/68 6. Shared Coordinates Your model should always consist of the of global coordinates. The next procedure: Make a new coordination model Link site plan, architect, structural and other project models to the coordination model. Update shared coordinates back to all the discipline models. a. Make a new coordination model MTH_All_Discipline_Template. b. Link the siteplan (DWG or RVT) with center to center or via shared coordinates if the site plan is a Revit model. Remember to follow the procedure for linking files, described in chapter 0. c. Align all discipline models to the site plan and make sure all the coordinates are correct. Follow the procedure described in 0. d. Select the linked files one-by-one and make them use shared coordinates. Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 25/68 e. Save the coordination model and accept to save the shared coordination information back to all the discipline models. All your models are now updated and can be used with shared coordinates. If you need the architectural model in the MEP model you can import it using shared coordinates. Always remember to update the coordination model when you receive new discipline models. This way you will always be sure that the models are in the right position in all models. This task should be performed by the the person responsible for modelling the project. NB! If you have used Copy Monitor with Walls you will probably have to change the wall type to structure in properties. Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 26/68 6. Modeling Techniques The general quality of the model depends on the consistency of the objects in the model. Therefore it is critical that the Families and Functions are used correct in the Design Program. It is essential that the right object type is used. It is forbidden to use a wall as a beam or an inplace model where a normal family type could have been used. Always remember that the model is used for multiple purposes and, the work you do in the model is affecting future usages of the model. Always make sure your part of the model is correct regarding: Naming and use of objects and structure. It is also your responsibility to report any errors found in the model, to the person responsible for the model. Be ambassador for good quality and make sure always to help your colleague do the same. BIM models are “made of teamwork” and the whole team is responsible for the final product. COBIM will provide you with a good understanding of the process and points out critical areas in the process. It is critical that you at least read the following quotes from “COBIM Series 1 General Part”. We strongly recommend that you read the full “COBIM Series 1 – General Part”. Link: COBIM Series 1 – General Part 3.5 Modeling Tools All model elements should be modeled using the intended components and tools, i.e. walls are modeled with wall tools, slabs with slab tool etc. If the specific tool is not available or it is otherwise not suitable, the component will be modeled using a suitable work-around method which is documented in the Models Description Document. More detailed instructions are presented in the Discipline-specific BIM requirements. An example of a curve shaped ramp that has been modeled by applying the suitable tools of the BIM software. Micromedicum / Senate Properties, Arkkitehtuuritoimisto Heikkinen-Komonen Oy. Source: COBIM Series 1 - General Part Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 27/68 6.1 Primary building parts In this section we will describe the general naming rule and modeling technique. Use this chapter when creating new components or when performing quality assurance of the BIM model. The general naming structure is based on SfB combined with general Revit naming rules. Materials and classification code used with Primary Building Parts For better understanding of naming standard, this section will show the basic rules for object naming in Revit. Materials This chapter describes the use of letters describing the building materials: C M I L E O 6.2 = = = = = = Concrete cast-in place Brickwork/Masonry Insulation Lightweight Concrete Concrete Elements Plaster Walls Classification (SfB) SfB is used for the main classification number of Revit objects, and will be the first number of the family name and family type. It’s therefore essential to know the system to be able to name the objects correctly. SfB classification rule. Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 28/68 6.3 LOD (Level of development) * This building component catalogue describes how MT Højgaard defines information levels (LOD) for the selected building parts and specifies minimum requirements for properties of them individually. There are initially 19 representative building parts. More can be added as needed or each building is the inspiration for another. This building component catalogue is a reference book that can be used when developing an information delivery schedule (Model Progression Specification (MPS)) in relation to milestones (e.g. preliminary, main project, as built). Use this link to the latest version of MTH LOD description. Link Here is an example of a slap in different LOD levels. LOD is increasing, where LOD100 represents the lowest level and LOD500 represents the highest level. Each level of information relates to three aspects of a given part of building: Sketch: Displays the guiding geometry of the object at a given level of information. Geometry: Describes the geometry in words. Features: Describes the properties that an object has at a given LOD. Properties of a part in a given LOD are the described characteristics in addition to properties from the previous LOD. Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 29/68 6.3.1 Wall foundation Description Wall foundation is used as a continuous foundation that follows the walls path. Command The Command “Structural foundation: Wall” is not suitable for quantity takeoff in the tendering phase. Do not use the Command “Structural Foundation: Wall”. Use Structural Wall as Foundation. Usage Use Basic Wall as structural foundation as shown above. The Command Options should be set as follows: Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 30/68 When using walls as foundation, Depth is locked and you should model with “Unconnected”=Depth of Foundation. Location Line is default set to “Wall Centerline”. It is possible to change this regarding to the task, you are planning to perform. If the lower edge of the foundation varies, you have to draw separate foundation pieces to model that correctly – see illustration below. 2D Presentation: 3D Presentation: Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 31/68 Elevation: Naming Family Type System family: Basic Wall (12)1-330C 12 = SfB classification for foundation. ..)1 = indicates Line foundation 330 = Thickness of foundation in mm C = Concrete cast-in place Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 32/68 Mandatory Properties QA reference Reference COBIM Cobim 5 Structural Design Revit Wikihelp Structural Wall Youtube Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 33/68 6.3.2 Isolated Foundation Description Isolated foundations (footings) are standalone families that are part of the structural foundation category. Command Isolated foundation: Usage When activating “Isolated” on the ribbon, the ribbon and Command Options is set as shown below. Place the foundation freely, or use “At Grids” or “At Columns” to place the isolated foundation correctly. “Offset” places the top of the foundation at the right elevation. 2D Presentation: Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 34/68 3D Presentation: Elevation: Naming Family Type Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 35/68 M_Footing-Rectangular (12)-1800x1200x450C (12) = SfB classification for foundation 1800 = Length of foundation in mm 1200 = Width of foundation in mm 450 = Thickness (Height) of foundation in mm C = Concrete cast-in place Mandatory Properties QA reference Reference COBIM Cobim 5 Structural Design Revit Wikihelp Footing 6.3.3 Foundation Slab Description The Foundation Slab type has 3 more foundation-specific values than a regular structural floor has. These additional values, which are instance parameters displayed in the Properties palette, are: Width, Length, and Elevation at Bottom. Using these values, an analysis tool can distinguish between a standard structural floor and a foundation slab. Foundation slabs may be used to model structural floors on a grade, which do not require support from other structural elements. Foundation slabs may also be used to model complex foundation shapes that cannot be created using Isolated or Wall Foundation tools. Command Foundation Slab: Usage When activating “Slab” on the ribbon, the ribbon and Command Options is set as shown below. Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 36/68 Use the draw tools to create boundary of the structural component and click “Finish” when done. “Hight Offset…” places the top of the foundation slab at the right elevation. 2D Presentation: 3D Presentation: Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 37/68 Naming Family Type Foundation Slab (13)-150C (13) = SfB classification for foundation slab 150 = Thickness of foundation slab in mm C = Concrete cast-in place Mandatory Properties QA reference Reference COBIM Cobim 5 Structural Design Revit Wikihelp Foundation Slab 6.3.4 Walls Description There are 2 types of walls. Architectural and structural walls. Revit has the ability to show either architectural walls, structural or both, depending on the discipline selected in the views properties panel. Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 38/68 Command Walls are located on the Architecture and Structural tab. Usage Naming Type Materials C = In-situ concrete M = Brickwork I = Insulation L = Lightweight concrete E = Precast concrete O = Plaster walls SfB examples 21 = Exterior wall 22 = Interior wall Wall naming rule: (<SFB>)-<Total Width><Materials>-<Mat. Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 39/68 Width 1>-<Mat. Width 2>-<Mat. Width 3> Examples: (21)-340MIE-108-132-100 (21)-200E (Exterior precast concrete wall – 200 mm) The naming of walls is slightly different from other objects. Wall is a system family and therefore you’re only able to define the wall type name and not the family name. Mandatory Properties QA reference Reference Walls must use predefined MTH Materials. COBIM Cobim 5 Structural Design Revit Wikihelp Walls Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 40/68 6.3.5 Wall Sweeps Description When editing vertically compound walls, use the Sweeps and Reveals tools to control placement and display of sweeps or reveals on all walls of that type. Important: It is not possible to get a volume of a wall sweep. The sweep is not added to the wall, and the sweep system type doesn’t have a volume property. Therefore the only solution is to make an in-place model and categorise this as a wall, and use it as a sweep to the wall. The schedules have to be combined afterwards. If the model is exported to IFC, Solibri will be able to get the volume from the wall sweep. But the wall sweep will still not be part of the wall, and the information tables have to be combined afterwards. Command There are two ways to make sweeps. Wall type Wall sweep command Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 41/68 Usage Naming Type Instance In-place models are named (WallSweepXXHostWallTypeName_MTH) Example: WallSweep01-(21)200E_MTH Mandatory Properties QA reference Reference COBIM Cobim 5 Structural Design Revit Wikihelp Wall Sweeps Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 42/68 6.3.6 Structural Columns Description Structural columns are used to model vertical load-bearing elements in a building. Although structural columns share many of the same properties as architectural columns, structural columns have additional properties defined by their configuration and industry standards. Structural columns differ from architectural columns in behavior as well. Command Usage Concrete columns Tamping All precast columns should be modeled with tamping. Left view in the column family. Make a fixed Void extrusion if the family doesn’t already have one. 3D View Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 43/68 Steel columns 1. Use the Content Generator to generate new standard steel columns. 2. Rename the type as follows Example: (25)-HEB180 Naming Family name Concrete Columns Naming rules: <Familytype>-<Shape>-<Material>-<ManufacturerType>-(< unique type>) Steel columns naming rules: Type Naming Rule: (25)<Form><size>mm Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 44/68 <Familytype>-<Shape>-<Material>-<ManufacturerType>-(<unique type>) (<unique type>) – this field is primarily used to name columns with console. Form codes: R = Round RS = Rectangular/Square F = Free form Examples: Round columns: Column-round-Concrete-Generic Examples: Square columns: Column-Square-Concrete-Generic Round columns: (25)R-300mm Steel column: Column-HEB180-Steel- Generic Square columns: (25)RS-250x250mm Manufacturer: Column-round-Concrete-Boligbeton-360 Steel column: (25)HEB180 Unique type : Column-round-Concrete-Boligbeton-(2 Consoles) Mandatory Properties There should be an instance <Column number> properties field. QA reference Reference COBIM Cobim 5 Structural Design Revit Wikihelp Structural Column Youtube Revit extensions tools Revit Structure Tutorial_ Modeling Concrete Columns, Beams, and Floor Slabs Revit extensions feature summary Column Placement Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 45/68 6.3.7 Structural Beam Description Beams are structural elements used for load-bearing applications. Elements of each beam are defined through the type properties of the specific beam family. In addition, various instance properties can be modified to define the functionality of the beam. Command Usage Concrete beams Place the beam to the center of the column and modify Start and End Extension. The beam has a standard 12.7 mm cutback, when using standard Revit beams. View Range settings Beams made ex. on level 1, needs to have e cut plane on the level about, to be seen correct. (we are not using reflected levels at the moment) This example has a level height of 3000 mm. 2D Presentation Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 46/68 Section 3D Presentation Steel beams 1. Use the Content Generator to generate new standard steel beams. Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 47/68 2. Rename the family type Example: Beam-HEB180-Steel Naming Family name Type Concrete beams naming rules: <Familytype>-<Shape>-<Material><Manufacturer-Type>-(<unique type>) General Naming rule: (25)-<Form>-<size> Steel beam naming rules: <Familytype>-<Shape>-<Material><Manufacturer-Type>-(<unique type>) Manufacture Naming rule (25)-<Type>-<size> (<unique type>) – this field is primarily used with special beams. Form codes: RB = Rectangular/Square F = Free form Examples: Examples: Beams: Beam-Square-Concrete Square Beam: (25)-RB-250x250 Steel column: Beam-HEB180-Steel Manufacturer: (25)-KB360 Manufacturer: Beam-Concrete-Boligbeton-KB360 Or Beam-Concrete-Boligbeton-KB Steel Beam: (25)-HEB180 Unique type : Beam-Concrete-Boligbeton-(Project type 1) Mandatory There should be an instance <Beam number> properties field. Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 48/68 Properties QA reference Reference COBIM Cobim 5 Structural Design Revit Wikihelp Beams Beam Systems Youtube Revit Structure Basics, Grids, Columns, Beams and Beam Systems Beam System Part 1 of 3 Beam System Part 2 of 3 Beam System Part 3 of 3 6.3.8 Windows Description In Revit, windows are hosted components that you can add to any type of wall (or to an in-place roof, in the case of a skylight). Windows can be added in plan, section, elevation, or 3D views. Command Usage There are 2 types of windows, Architectural windows and windows as openings. What is the difference between a opening and a window: - Opening: only consist of a wall cutting line - Architectural Windows: Trim, Rail, Stop, glass etc. NB. In some cases it can be necessary to define windows as Architectural windows in the IFC export. Naming Family name General naming rule for windows is based on Revit general naming rule: Type General Naming rule: Exterior windows = (31)4 Interior windows = (32)2 Square window: (31)4/(32)2-<Height> x <Width>mm (31)4/(32)2-<Shape>-<Function/feature>- Round Window: Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 49/68 <Manufacturer-Type> (31)4/(32)2-<diameter>mm Diameter Examples: Examples: Square Window: (31)4/(32)2-<Square-Opening Square Window (manufacture spec.): (31)4/(32)2-<Square-Casement- DanskeVinduer-11F Mandatory Properties Square Window: (31)4/(32)2-<1000 x 1500mm Round Window: (31)4/(32)2-<1000mm Diameter Property Name Description Example Vico 02 Heat transfer Coefficient ex. 0.2 w/m2k Vico 03 Light transmission 50% Vico 01 value is set by the MTH-Koder add-in. (See chapter 3.3) QA reference Reference COBIM CoBIM 3 Architectural Design Revit Wikihelp Youtube Windows 6.3.9 Doors Description Command Usage In Revit, doors are hosted components that you can add to any type of wall. Doors can be added in plan, section, elevation, or 3D views. You select the type of door to add, and then specify its location on the wall. Revit automatically cuts the opening and places the door. Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 50/68 Naming Family name Type General naming rule for doors is based on Revit general naming rule: General Naming rule: Sfb classification: Exterior doors = (31)2 Interior doors = (32)1 Square Door: (31)2/(32)1-<Function/feature><Manufacturer-Type> Square Door: (31)2/(32)1-<Height> x <Width>mm Examples: Examples: Square Door: (31)2-2100 x 910mm Square Door: (31)2-Single-Panel Square Door (manufacture spec.): (32)1- Single-Panel-Sweedoors-Craft04 Mandatory Properties Property Name Description Example Vico 02 Heat transfer Coefficient ex. 0.2 w/m2k Vico 03 Fire rate BS 4 Vico 01 value is set by the MTH-Koder add-in. (See chapter 3.3) QA reference Reference COBIM CoBIM 3 Architectural Design Revit Wikihelp Doors Youtube Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 51/68 6.3.10 Floors / Slabs Description You add structural floors to the building model using a similar interface and functionality as those used when creating floors. This functionality includes creating and editing slab edges, thickened slabs, drop panels, or ramps as well as user selection and user creation of structural floor types. Command Usage Use the specific floor-tools to create boundary, slope and span direction of floors. Examples – see “Foundation slab”. Naming Family Type Floor (23)-220C Materials C = Concrete cast-in-place I = Insulation E = Precast concrete (<SFB>)-<TotalWidth><Materials><Mat. Width 1>-<Mat. Width 2>-<Mat. Width 3> Mandatory Properties Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 52/68 QA reference Reference COBIM Cobim 5 Structural Design Revit Wikihelp Structural Floors Youtube Documentation in Revit 2013- Annotating a Floor Plan Modeling Concrete Columns, Beams, and Floor Slabs Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 53/68 6.3.11 Levels Description Use the level tool to define a vertical height within a building. You create a level for each known story or other needed reference of the building (for example, first floor, top of wall, or bottom of foundation). To add levels, you must be in a section or elevation view. When you add levels, you can create an associated plan view. Command Usage In the standard MTH project, there are some examples of levels. These levels are linked to plan views and can be used directly. However, we recommend the creation of new plan views. There are two types of Level Heads in our template. A danish template (Level Head-With Level Name_MTH) and one for international projects (Level Head_MTH). Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 54/68 Naming Type Instance Mandatory Properties QA reference Reference COBIM Youtube Working with Grids and Levels Revit Wikihelp Levels Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 55/68 6.3.12 Grids Description Use the Grid tool to place column grid lines in the building design. You can then add columns along the column grid lines. Grid lines are finite planes. You can drag their extents in elevation views so that they do not intersect level lines. This allows you to determine whether grid lines appear in each new plan view that you create for a project. See Datum Extents and Visibilityand Visibility of Arc Grids in Views. Command Usage We typically use letters horizontal and numbers vertical. Tip: Make the first gridline, and then copy the rest of gridlines in the same direction. Naming Type Instance Mandatory Properties QA reference Reference COBIM Youtube Adding Grid lines Revit Wikihelp Grids Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 56/68 Not all commands are covered by this chapter. The commands left out, do not have any critical naming structure or special usage. Please send an email to [email protected], if you have any questions or wishes to the text in chapter 5. 7. Model Coordination Model coordination describes the way models are handled and which tools are used for this process. It is essential that all the linked models are of a high quality. The models should be in native Revit format or in a quality assured IFC model, before linking external models to our model. Make sure the models are approved in relation to MT Højgaards requirements to model quality. Also read COBIM 1, for better understanding of BIM model collaboration. It is mandatory to read all quotes beneath. MT Højgaards general procedure for linking files will be described later in this chapter. 3 General Technical Requirements for BIM 3.1 Software In public projects, all software that has a minimum of IFC 2x3 certification may be used for modeling. This requirement can be overridden with project requirements. Designers need to specify all the BIM software and their versions, and what version of IFC they support in the tender documents. The project participants shall mutually agree on all version or software changes during the project. A testing phase must be carried out before the final decision of adaption to new versions. The use of non-IFC-certified file formats at the official decision points of the project must be accepted by the project management. Simultaneously all mutually agreed data exchange methods and formats may be used in the daily work. Guideline In some cases, the Client can specify the software used in the project. For example, construction companies are developing their own BIM processes around specific design software solutions and they may require the use of these design tools. Moreover, the Client may have specific software demands if the project has exceptional modeling requirements or there is for example process development in parallel to the project. Source: COBIM Series 1 - General Part. Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 57/68 Release of the BIM All models are released during the project in the IFC format. In addition, a native file format model may be required simultaneously. Methods of distribution will be agreed upon for each project. At the end of the project all the designs and electronic documents including IFC and native format BIMs will be delivered to the Client as described in the contracts. The Client is entitled to use the models according to the same terms as traditional project documents. Prior to release of the BIM and sharing it to other disciplines at official release points, all parts and modeling components that are not relevant to the design must be removed from the model. This also includes all referenced models from other disciplines. Each model must contain modeling elements that are created or added only by the releasing discipline. The Inventory Model makes an exception to this requirement. In renovation projects, the Inventory Model should be used a base model for the Architectural BIM. However, the initial Inventory Model has to be archived separately in order to be used for checking or historical documentation. Guideline The IFC files should be compressed (e.g. zipped) when they are shared within the project. This operation can reduce the file size by up to 80%. Even smaller file sizes can be achieved by using an IFC file optimization program in addition to the file compression utility. This is recommended in especially large projects. Native format model files may be compressed as well, but in most cases the effect is less pronounced. Source: COBIM Series 1 - General Part. Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 58/68 3.3 Coordinates and Units It is recommended that the coordination base of the project is determined such that the entire modeling area is on the positive side of the XY-axis and the origin of coordinates is located near the drawing area. The coordinates are typically determined by the architect. Guideline It is not recommended to use the municipality or state coordinate system since a base point that is located far away from the modeling area causes problems for most design software. Negative coordinates are no longer a technical problem. Nevertheless, in order to avoid human errors, it is recommended to avoid them. Negative coordinates in particular, may also cause unnecessary difficulties on the construction site. Another option to define the XY-origin point is to set it at a certain distance from building gridlines. This option is justified in cases when the building's location may change during the design. Even in this case, it is important to document the position of the origin and the x-axis direction with respect to the map coordinates. The base location of the project coordinate system is documented by using at least two known points. The X and Y coordinates for each documented point is presented in both source and target systems. Another option is to identify a single-point and the rotation angle. However, it is noted that especially at larger distances the rotation angle will always lead to inaccuracies, which may have an effect in the construction phase. Guideline When needed, the transformation from the source to target coordinate system can be made using the Helmert transformation process. The Z position of the BIM is the same as the actual elevation of building. The unit of measurement used in BIM is millimeters. Rotation angles are always documented with at least two decimal places. Guideline Each building on the plot is modeled into same XY coordinate system. Building elevations are determined in absolute elevations in the source coordinate system, but it is possible to agree otherwise if it better serves the project needs. The coordinate system will be agreed upon and documented at the beginning of the project and cannot be modified during the project without a sufficient reason. Any changes must be approved by all parties as well as the project manager. The site model is created using the same coordinate system as the buildings. The site model includes the site environment, vegetation, traffic areas and site structures. This requirement may, however, differ in projects that involve large-scale infrastructure. Once the coordination system has been agreed, the Inventory Model(s) and reference material (for example, laser scanning) must be changed into the same coordinate system. It is possible and reasonable to agree that the coordinate system used in the inventory BIM will be used for the design models as well. After the definition of the coordinate system, it is mandatory to test the compatibility between the disciplines. For this test, one can use a simple doghouse-type model in which all the design disciSource: COBIM Series 1 - General Part. plines create a couple of buildings or mechanical system parts, so that it can be clearly seen that the models are in same position. In addition, with the current modeling process, it is necessary to ensure that the XYposition Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 59/68 3.4 BIM Accuracy Before the detailed Building Element BIM phase, the model can be created using nominal dimensions for model components. For example, the doors and windows in the Architectural BIM may be modeled without the necessary installation gaps, which could be added in later phases of the project. Nevertheless, it is essential that the modeling principles used are carried out consistently. In the detailed Building Element BIM all components will be modeled with real dimensions. All models from Site Models to As-Built Models are made with highest reasonable level of accuracy. For example, in Inventory Models, absolute accuracy (e.g. small slant of walls, inclinations and changes of thickness) might make the models difficult to use, and therefore tolerances that are acceptable for the construction are also allowed in the models. Guideline The accuracy of the models follows the principle of expediency. In Spatial Models the dimensional accuracy can be the same as in traditional drafting. Since the actual form and size of the building may still be unclear, a 100-200 mm grid may be an appropriate level of accuracy. The selected measurement system must be used consistently. It is also worth noting that the more accurate the original model, the easier it is to continue to work with it throughout the project. The dimension accuracy of building elements may also be associated with the model’s intended use. For example, if the Architectural BIM is used for thermal analyses, the walls must connect to each other at the corners, since even a small gap can significantly interfere with the simulation. Accuracy requirements should be mutually agreed and all disciplines must comply with the agreed practice. Source: COBIM Series 1 - General Part. Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 60/68 7.1 Project Base Points and Survey Points Description Every project has a project base point and a survey point although they might not be visible in all views because of visibility settings and view clippings. They cannot be deleted. The project base point defines the origin (0,0,0) of the project coordinate system. It can also be used to position the building on the site and for locating the design elements of a building during construction. Spot coordinates and spot elevations that refer to the project coordinate system are displayed relative to this point. The survey point represents a known point in the physical world, such as a geodetic survey marker. The survey point is used to correctly orient and place the building geometry in another coordinate system, such as the coordinate system used in a civil engineering application. Follow this procedure to define the global coordinates in the site Plan. The site plan should consist of global coordinates, where the discipline model should use local coordinates. The discipline model is afterwards linked to the site plan with the use of shared coordinates. Command Usage 1. In the standard structural template it’s possible to see base and survey points. 2. Turn on base and survey point, use the Visibility/Graphic dialog box. Turn on the checkmark for Project Base Point and Survey Point under Site. Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 61/68 Follow the procedure to ensure that project points are defined correctly. 1. 2. Import a grid plane or define grid lines directly in Revit. Change to True North in properties. 3. Use Specify Coordinates at Point. Tip: Draw a detail line to the center of the X in the point. Then you will be able to select the intersection. Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 62/68 4. Unclip the paperclip for survey point and move it to the project point. 5. Verify that the survey point and the given project point are the same coordinate. Deactivate the paperclip on the survey mark. 6. Important! Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 63/68 If the survey point/base point with the paperclip activated project will be relocated afterwards! Therefore it is important always to pin have been edited. Naming is moved, the the survey and base point after they Type Instance Mandatory Properties QA reference Reference COBIM Youtube Revit Adjusting Project Coordinates Revit Wikihelp Project Base Points and Survey Points Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 64/68 7.2 Worksets * Worksets can be used to divide large models into parts more suitable for handling on a normal PC. 7.2.1 Linking files on Worksets * Description The use of the worksets for linked files in Revit has many advantages. Improved load performance Added layer of visibility control Added layer of "locking" (check out that workset) Easier and better managed than unloading links Worksets do not show up in the temporary visibility, as links do. If files are linked to the model the normal way they will still be part of the view, even when they are turned off in “VG”. This can cause problems when you are trying to select geometry beneath the linked model. All references files have to be placed on at workset with the same name as the corresponding linked file. Command Use Usage on the collaborate tab for creating new worksets. Create new linked file on a new workset 1. 2. Start Make a new workset corresponding to the linked filename 3. 4. Use Link CAD Files, to link files the usually way. Select the linked file and chose edit type in properties. Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 65/68 Change the workset to the new workset that corresponds to the filename. The linked file is now part of the test.dwg workset and can be turned on/off in the workset dialogue in the bottom of the screen. Naming Type Instance Make new workset with the same name as the linked file. Mandatory Properties QA reference Reference COBIM Cobim 1 general requirements Youtube Linked Files & Workset Visibility Revit Wikihelp Workset Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 66/68 8. Checklists * This chapter is a collection of checklists for designers and model responsible persons. If needed, print the checklists and save them to the project folder. 8.1 Making a new discipline model * This checklist has to be used when making a new discipline model. A new discipline model has to be made or coordinated by the model responsible person. Print the form below as needed. Responsible for the model : ________________________________________________ Case name and number : ________________________________________________ Date : ________________________________________________ Check Description Chapter Link Make sure you have read the CAD-BIM Manual Link Make sure you have the latest survey / coordination model. And information regarding coordinate system. 0 Make sure you know the Project CAD Manual, Standard etc. 4 Name your model as defined by the project CAD-description 3.1 Follow the chapter “Making a new discipline model” 5 Make sure to inform designers about the new model and regarding project material. Make sure the model is made with worksets and all reference models/drawings are laying on the proper workset. 7.2 Make sure all designers have all necessary checklists available. 8.2 8.3 Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 67/68 8.2 Model Cleanup and optimizing plan * Use this cleanup and optimizing plan, to ensure the model quality follows the agreed standard. It is mandatory, that the model responsible person performing this task every 2 Week. If there have been any changes to the model within the last 2 weeks, it’s mandatory to do this. Responsible for the model : ________________________________________________ Case name and number : ________________________________________________ Date : ________________________________________________ Check interval : Calendar day 1 And 15 every month. Check Description Check that all defined reference points, has the right coordinate value. Chapter Link 0 Make a clash detection against all other discipline models, to make sure this discipline model don’t contain any unnecessary collisions. Make sure to inform the responsible persons, if any changes are needed! Check for the right LOD level. 6.3 Check for object defined with wrong object type or name. Ex. Walltype used as beam, wrongly used In-place models, incorrect naming. 6.1 Project Browser structure Check naming and unused views. 3.2 Remove any unnecessary 2D drawings and 3D models and make sure that all necessary reference drawing/models have their own workset. 7.2.1 Compress the central file and make sure that all users are using a new copy of the central file. Perform a purge and remove all unnecessary Revit families. Inform the users when the next cleanup will take place. Date: 08 Oktober 2013 Revision: 1.6 Project no.: Page: 68/68 8.3 Designers daily checklist * Use this chechlist, to ensure no data is lost and all nessary updates is made. If needed print this list and save it to the project. Designer : ________________________________________________ Case name and number : ________________________________________________ Date : ________________________________________________ Check interval : Every day Check Description In the morning Take a new copy of the central model. Ask the model responsible for any project changes, which will affect your work. Read the model log and model startup page. Check for warnings on the Manage tab. In the evening Save to central and release all borrowed object and worksets. Update model log. Chapter Link
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