School of Pharmacy-Boston Operations Manual 2012-2013 School of Pharmacy-Boston White Building 309 617-732-2781 SCHOOL OF PHARMACY-BOSTON OPERATIONS MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Mission, Goals and Learning Outcomes MCPHS Mission Statement School of Pharmacy-Boston Mission Statement Department of Pharmacy Practice Mission Statement Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Mission Statement Office of Experiential Education Mission Statement Learning Outcomes (CAPE Supplemental Educational Outcomes) Program Goals Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) Post baccalaureate Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) Pathway Bachelor of Science in Pharmaceutical and Health Care Business Bachelor of Science in Pharmacology and Toxicology Bachelor of Science in Pharmaceutical Sciences Masters in Pharmaceutical Sciences Master of Applied Natural Products Master of Science in Regulatory Affairs and Health Policy MS/PhD in Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy MS/PhD in Medicinal Chemistry MS/PhD in Pharmaceutics MS/PhD in Pharmacology School of Pharmacy-Boston Strategic Plan (2008-2013) School of Pharmacy-Boston Research Plan School of Pharmacy-Boston Goals and Objectives for AY 2012-2013 School of Pharmacy-Boston Organizational Chart II. III. Academic Policies, Procedures and Guidelines Technical Standards Doctor of Pharmacy Program Enrollment Management Plan for Incoming P3 Students Policy on Summer Courses for SOP-Boston Policy for Progression into the Professional Program Requirement for Pharmacy Competency Exam Accreditation ACPE Student Complaint Policy and Procedure Form Committees Standing Committees: School of Pharmacy Executive Committee Dean’s Advisory Council Pharmacy Academic Standing Committee Accreditation/Self Study Committees 1 & 2 Awards Committee Assessment Committee B.S. Programs Committee 1 1 1 1 1-2 2-6 6 6 6-7 7 7 7 8 8 8-9 9 9 10 10-23 24-30 31-32 33 34-37 38 39-40 41-42 43 44 44-45 45 45-46 46 47 47 47 47-48 Curriculum Committee Equipment Committee Pharmacy Faculty Mentoring Committee Pharmacy Admissions Committee Pharmacy Honors Program Committee Post B.S. PharmD Academic Planning Committee Residency/Fellowship Committee Strategic Planning Committee Student/Faculty Professionalism Task Force Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Committee Graduate Academic Standing Committee Graduate Admissions Committee Graduate Curriculum Committee Graduate Council Faculty Search Committees (Ad-hoc) Pharmacy Practice Faculty Search Committee Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Search Committee IV. Appendices 1. School of Pharmacy-Boston Assessment Plan A. Curricular Mapping of CAPE OUTCOMES 2. Student and Faculty Awards Student Awards Faculty Awards 3. Boyer Scholarship Definitions 4. Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) 5. HIPAA Student Agreement 6. Laboratory Safety Issues 7. Safety Awareness Agreement Form 48 49 49 49 49-50 50 50 50 51 51 51 52 52 52 53 53 54-66 67-81 82-83 83 84-85 86-87 88 89-91 92 I. Mission, Goals and Learning Outcomes Mission Statement of College “Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences (MCPHS) prepares students for successful careers in health care through excellence in teaching, scholarship, research, professional service and community engagement.” Mission Statement of School of Pharmacy-Boston “The School of Pharmacy – Boston delivers high quality, novel programs characterized by a hallmark signature of excellence in teaching and an environment conducive to professional development and to achieving national prominence in research and scholarship. The programs prepare a culturally diverse student body to become qualified practitioners in the delivery of patient-centered care and in the advancement of services and research in the pharmaceutical profession.” Mission Statement of Department of Pharmacy Practice “The mission of the Department of Pharmacy Practice is to prepare students to become qualified pharmacy practitioners in the provision of patient care as members of a multidisciplinary health care team. The department promotes excellence in teaching, research and scholarship, and professional services through collaborative initiatives. The department guides students in professionalism and career development as well as fosters extended learning opportunities through post-graduate training and education.” Mission Statement of Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences “The primary mission of the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences is to provide the highest quality education to students in pharmacy and the pharmaceutical and health sciences through excellence in teaching. The Department develops and conducts research and scholarship in order to expand knowledge, address the health care needs of society, and meet the strategic mission of the School and College. The Department supports graduate education and the development and fostering of programs which better prepare students to pursue careers in industry, academia, and government.” Mission Statement of Office of Experiential Education (OEE) “The Office of Experiential Education provides students with a continuum of required and elective pharmacy practice experiences throughout the curriculum from introductory to advanced. These experiences enable students to apply their classroom and laboratory based learning in a direct patient care setting to allow students to develop their ability to perform at the highest level of professional excellence. The Office of Experiential Education works very closely with full-time and adjunct faculty to ensure the establishment of objectives for pharmacy practice experiences, assessment of student performance, and documentation of attainment of desired outcomes including direct interaction with a diverse patient population in a variety of practice settings as well as collaborative activities with other health care professionals. The Office of Experiential Education performs as a team whose primary focus is to meet or exceed 1 accreditation standards, to facilitate the success of students, and to provide direct support for faculty and preceptors.” CAPE Supplemental Educational Outcomes Center for the Advancement of Pharmaceutical Education Educational Outcomes 2004 AACP, the national organization representing and supporting colleges and schools of pharmacy and their faculties, is committed to education and scholarship for improving drug therapy. Founded in 1900, the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP) is the national organization representing pharmaceutical education in the United States. AACP’s mission is to serve member colleges and schools and their respective faculties by acting as their advocate and spokesman at the national level, by providing forums for interaction and exchange of information among its members, by recognizing outstanding performance among its member educators, and by assisting member colleges and schools in meeting their mission of educating and training pharmacists and pharmaceutical scientists. The material expressed in this document is meant as a resource and does not necessarily represent the views of the Board of Directors of the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, views of the membership at large, nor has it been adopted as official Association policy. Background In 1992, to support and facilitate the efforts of colleges and schools of pharmacy in the US to transform their curricula to support the education of future practitioners to deliver pharmaceutical care, AACP initiated a series of initiatives under the Center for the Advancement of Pharmaceutical Education (CAPE). Significant to the design of new curricula were the CAPE Educational Outcomes, which were intended to be the target toward which the evolving pharmacy curriculum should be aimed. The development of the CAPE Educational Outcomes was guided by a consultant and an advisory panel composed of educators and practitioners nominated for participation by practitioner organizations. The advisory panel used as resources the papers of the AACP Commission to Implement Change in Pharmaceutical Education, the AACP Focus Group on the Liberalization of the Professional Curriculum, and the results of the Scope of Practice Project survey that was supported by AACP, the American Pharmacists Association (then the American Pharmaceutical Association), the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, and the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy. The CAPE Educational Outcomes were completed and distributed in 1994. The AACP Board of Directors, during its July 1997 meeting, determined that, in light of the continued evolution of pharmacy practice and the roles and functions of pharmacists, a review and possible revision of the Educational Outcomes was needed. The CAPE Advisory Panel on Educational Outcomes was reconvened for that purpose and a revised document was made available in 1998. 2 2004 Revision Process At the urging of the 2001-02 AACP Academic Affairs and Professional Affairs Committees, the AACP Board of Directors committed to a review and revision of the CAPE Educational Outcomes during 2003-04. This revision process was timely given the anticipated revision of the ACPE Accreditation Standards and Guidelines for the Professional Degree Program in Pharmacy Leading to the Doctor of Pharmacy Degree. Periodic review and revision is necessary to assure the contemporary validity of the educational content and outcomes with emerging sciences and scientific developments and evolving roles of the pharmacist in serving patient and public health needs. In addition to guiding curriculum development, the resultant CAPE Educational Outcomes were anticipated to assist students in making a connection between what they are learning and the practice of pharmacy and, when taken in whole, the CAPE Educational Outcomes would “tell the story” to external audiences about the role of the pharmacist. Nine practitioner organizations were invited to nominate members to serve on an advisory panel and participate in the review, revision, and development of the updated Educational Outcomes. Individuals with a commitment to the educational process and, if possible, an understanding of instructional planning and the use of outcomes statements to drive curriculum development were specifically sought. Six members of the CAPE Advisory Panel on Educational Outcomes were nominated by the practitioner organizations and six were appointed by AACP. The process was led by Gail D. Newton, Ph.D. (Purdue), who served as consultant to the project. At the outset of revision process, it was agreed that the CAPE Educational Outcomes document would be simplified from previous versions, with attention paid to assure that the document not be made too simple and vague, yet not so detailed that it is prescriptive. It was also agreed that, to the extent possible, the revised CAPE Educational Outcomes would employ similar language to other competency/outcomes documents in the health professions (e.g., Institute of Medicine, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, Pharmacy’s Framework for Drug Therapy Management, Medical School Objectives Project). The advisory panel reaffirmed pharmaceutical care as the philosophy of practice upon which the CAPE Educational Outcomes would continue to be anchored and used the evolving “desired future” vision within the Joint Commission of Pharmacy Practitioners (JCPP) strategic planning exercise as background. The CAPE Advisory Panel offers in this document a new organizing framework for the Educational Outcomes that integrates science, professional attributes, interprofessional practice, and professionalism across new major headings of pharmaceutical care, systems management, and public health, as they are in the practice of pharmacy. Working from this broad framework, AACP’s academic sections and faculties at member colleges and schools are encouraged to add discipline- and content-specific outcome statements that are meaningful within their context. Susan M. Meyer, Ph.D. Senior Vice President May 2004 3 Educational Outcomes 1. PHARMACEUTICAL CARE Provide pharmaceutical care in cooperation with patients, prescribers, and other members of an interprofessional health care team based upon sound therapeutic principles and evidence-based data, taking into account relevant legal, ethical, social, economic, and professional issues, emerging technologies, and evolving pharmaceutical, biomedical, sociobehavioral, and clinical sciences that may impact therapeutic outcomes. a. Provide patient-centered care. i. Design, implement, monitor, evaluate, and adjust pharmaceutical care plans that are patientspecific and evidence-based. ii. Communicate and collaborate with prescribers, patients, care givers, and other involved health care providers to engender a team approach to patient care. iii. Retrieve, analyze, and interpret the professional, lay, and scientific literature to provide drug information to patients, their families, and other involved health care providers. iv. Carry out duties in accordance with legal, ethical, social, economic, and professional guidelines. v. Maintain professional competence by identifying and analyzing emerging issues, products, and services that may impact patient-specific therapeutic outcomes. b. Provide population-based care. i. Develop and implement population-specific, evidence-based disease management programs and protocols based upon analysis of epidemiologic and pharmacoeconomic data, medication use criteria, medication use review, and risk reduction strategies. ii. Communicate and collaborate with prescribers, population members, care givers, and other involved health care providers to engender a team approach to patient care. iii. Retrieve, analyze, and interpret the professional, lay, and scientific literature to provide drug information to other health care providers and to the public. iv. Carry out duties in accordance with legal, ethical, social, economic, and professional guidelines. v. Maintain professional competence by identifying and analyzing emerging issues, products, and services that may impact population-based, therapeutic outcomes. 2. SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT Manage and use resources of the health care system, in cooperation with patients, prescribers, other health care providers, and administrative and supportive personnel, to promote health; to provide, assess, and coordinate safe, accurate, and time-sensitive medication distribution; and to improve therapeutic outcomes of medication use. a. Manage human, physical, medical, informational, and technological resources. 4 i. Apply relevant legal, ethical, social, economic, and professional principles/issues to assure efficient, cost-effective utilization of human, physical, medical, informational, and technological resources in the provision of patient care. ii. Communicate and collaborate with patients, prescribers, other health care providers, and administrative and supportive personnel to engender a team approach to assure efficient, costeffective utilization of human, physical, medical, informational, and technological resources in the provision of patient care. iii. Carry out duties in accordance with legal, ethical, social, economic, and professional guidelines. iv. Maintain professional competence by identifying and analyzing emerging issues, products, and services that may impact management of human, physical, medical, informational, and technological resources in the provision of patient care. b. Manage medication use systems. i. Apply patient- and population-specific data, quality assurance strategies, and research processes to assure that medication use systems minimize drug misadventuring and optimize patient outcomes. ii. Apply patient- and population-specific data, quality assurance strategies, and research processes to develop drug use and health policy, and to design pharmacy benefits. iii. Communicate and collaborate with prescribers, patients, caregivers, other involved health care providers and administrative and supportive personnel to identify and resolve medication use problems. iv. Carry out duties in accordance with legal, ethical, social, economic, and professional guidelines. v. Maintain professional competence by identifying and analyzing emerging issues, products, and services that may impact medication use systems, to develop use and health policy, and to design pharmacy benefits. 3. PUBLIC HEALTH Promote health improvement, wellness, and disease prevention in cooperation with patients, communities, at-risk populations, and other members of an interprofessional team of health care providers. a. Assure the availability of effective, quality health and disease prevention services. i Apply population-specific data, quality assurance strategies, and research processes to develop identify and resolve public health problems. ii. Communicate and collaborate with prescribers, policy makers, members of the community and other involved health care providers and administrative and supportive personnel to identify and resolve public health problems. 5 iii. Carry out duties in accordance with legal, ethical, social, economic, and professional guidelines. iv. Maintain professional competence by identifying and analyzing emerging issues, products, and services that may affect the efficacy or quality of disease prevention services to amend existing or develop additional services. b. Develop public health policy. i. Apply population-specific data, quality assurance strategies, and research processes to develop public health policy. ii. Communicate and collaborate with prescribers, policy makers, members of the community and other involved health care providers and administrative and supportive personnel to develop public policy. iii. Carry out duties in accordance with legal, ethical, social, economic, and professional guidelines. iv. Maintain professional competence by identifying and analyzing emerging issues, products, and services that may affect public health policy, to amend existing or develop additional policies. Program Goals Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) The School of Pharmacy–Boston offers a six-year program leading to a Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) degree. Students follow a curriculum that combines general, specialized, and applied science courses with those in the liberal arts, preparing them for an increasingly visible role on the health care team. In addition, required experiential courses provide opportunities to learn while practicing in areas such as ambulatory, community, inpatient medicine and institutional pharmacy, and elective experiences in geriatrics, pediatrics, industry, long-term care, and regulatory agencies. Credits earned in professional courses are valid for up to seven years. Post baccalaureate Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) Pathway The Post baccalaureate Doctor of Pharmacy Pathway is designed for qualified practitioners with a BS in Pharmacy degree who wish to earn a degree on a part-time basis. It is currently offered in a Web-supported format with online lectures and group discussions, reducing required on-site meeting time to once per semester. This program helps pharmacists learn how to collect and interpret data to design a pharmaceutical care plan for their individual patients in collaboration with other health care professionals. Pharmacists learn how to recommend and implement a therapeutic plan; perform ongoing patient evaluations; and document and report new, unusual or severe adverse drug reactions, drug interactions or unexpected effects of newly marketed drugs. Bachelor of Science in Pharmaceutical and Health Care Business This program combines biological and pharmaceutical sciences coursework with marketing and general management studies, preparing students for a variety of careers or for a continuation of 6 their education in post-graduate programs that could include business, science and regulatory affairs masters degrees. The BS in Pharmaceutical and Health Care Business provides skills and experience for use in pharmaceutical sales, health care and health information management, food, drug and medical device industry regulatory oversight, and pharmacy distribution systems development and implementation (e.g., wholesaling, contract purchasing, and pharmacoeconomic analysis). Graduates find career opportunities within managed care, drug development, manufacturing and promotion, pharmacy and health care information systems, and other areas where an understanding of the intricacies of pharmaceutical sciences and an appreciation for their business applications is critical. Bachelor of Science in Pharmacology and Toxicology This program provides students with a strong foundation in the pharmacological and toxicological sciences for careers in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology research and development sectors, as well as providing an excellent preparation for graduate and professional schools. The program is designed to meet the industrial needs for qualified BS graduates 178 with strong laboratory skills particularly in integrative pharmacology. Students have the opportunity to perform a senior year research project or industrial internship which enhances their career potential. Bachelor of Science in Pharmaceutical Sciences This program emphasizes specific coursework in the core areas of industrial pharmacy, preparing students for a variety of careers in industry or for a continuation of their education in postgraduate programs that could include pharmaceutics/industrial pharmacy, biotechnology and regulatory affairs masters or doctoral degrees. The BS in Pharmaceutical Sciences provides skills and experience for use in pharmaceutical, biotechnology and medical device development, formulation, and manufacturing, and evaluation and the regulatory oversight of the drug and medical device industry. Career opportunities for degree holders will exist within pharmaceutical, biotechnology and medical device companies, research laboratories, governmental regulatory agencies, and other areas where the application of these skills and capabilities is sought. Masters in Pharmaceutical Sciences This is an accelerated professional masters program with 30 semester hours of coursework that serves as addendum to the existing Bachelor of Science in Pharmaceutical Sciences (BSPS) program. Students of the BSPS program who meet the acceptance criteria transition into MPS and graduate with a masters qualification a year after completing the BSPS program. The MPS program builds on competencies introduced in the BSPS program with an emphasis on advanced skills in research laboratory procedures and record keeping. Students are trained in advanced analytical techniques and experimental design relevant to the pharmaceutical industry. A semester long research internship is required for graduation and is intended to provide additional training and access to potential employment opportunities. Graduates are expected to be competitive in the job market for research technician level positions in pharmaceutical, biotechnology and medical device companies, research laboratories, and other allied areas where the application of these skills and capabilities is sought. 7 Master of Applied Natural Products The Master of Applied Natural Products is a part-time, hybrid online degree program designed for practicing professionals who are interested in developing expertise in the area of natural products and advancing their careers in that area. The program offers academic training in the areas that have been identified as important for career advancement in the area of herbs and dietary supplements. These areas encompass both scientific knowledge and workplace skills. Scientific courses include herbal and dietary supplements, natural products informatics, functional medicine, pharmacognosy and phytopharmacology, and epidemiology. The curriculum is designed as a broad based, student-centered learning experience which serves to maximize a multi-disciplinary approach to natural product information education. The formulation of a case study project and its presentation is the capstone course of this program. Master of Science in Regulatory Affairs and Health Policy The College offers a Master of Science Degree in Regulatory Affairs and Health Policy, an MS, RAHP with a minor concentration in Pharmaceutical Sciences, and two Graduate Certificate Programs, one in Regulatory Affairs and the second in Health Policy. The Master of Science in Regulatory Affairs and Health Policy offers academic training in the regulation of drugs, devices and biologics, law, marketing and health policy to candidates having attained a prior baccalaureate degree or equivalent professional degree. Candidates for this program are those interested in pursuing careers in regulatory affairs, product management, marketing, quality assurance (QA), quality control (QC) and manufacturing, and with federal or state regulatory agencies, clinical research organizations, managed care or other health related fields where a knowledge of the regulatory and legal environment is prerequisite. In addition to the general master of science degree requirements described in the MCPHS Catalog, this program may establish additional requirements. Though the primary emphasis of this program is placed on drug regulatory affairs, other components such as economics, business, policy development, policy analysis and law are also explored. The philosophy of the program is to educate a broad range of professionals who are developing or are interested in developing expertise in regulatory or health policy areas. The curriculum is designed as a broad-based learning experience which serves to maximize a multi-disciplinary approach to regulatory and policy education. The presentation of an acceptable case-study thesis embodying the results of original research that is openly defended and approved by the student’s Graduate Advisory Committee, becomes the capstone of this program. Master and PhD in Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy The Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Economics & Policy (PEP) offers a Master of Science (MS) and a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Pharmaceutical Economics & Policy with specialty tracks or concentrations in Global Pharmaceutical Policy and Pharmaceutical Economics & Outcomes Research. The PEP graduate program provide students with the opportunity for advanced didactic and experiential education in the areas of pharmacoeconomic and health policy analysis, pharmacoepidemiologic methods and study designs, advanced biostatistics and database management, health policy and behavioral interventions and their assessment, and the role of pharmaceuticals and medical devices in health care and society. The goal of the Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Economics & Policy is to prepare professionals for careers in pharmaceutical, biotech and medical device industry; hospitals and other institutional health care 8 organizations; managed care organizations; pharmacy benefits management; contract research organizations; consulting firms; governments; international organizations; NGOs (nongovernment organizations); and academic institutions among other organizations. Medicinal Chemistry Advanced degrees in chemistry provide a student with a more thorough knowledge of the behavior of chemical substances at the molecular level. The composition of molecules and their interactions in both a chemical and a physical sense are studied, with the aim of predicting the behavior and properties of new substances. The fundamental understanding of the properties of chemical substances finds application in most frontier areas of biologically-related scientific research being conducted in industrial, governmental and academic laboratories. Programs in chemistry lead to the MS and PhD degrees. Admission to the chemistry graduate programs requires an undergraduate degree in pharmacy, chemistry or biology that includes two semesters each of general, organic and analytical chemistry (one semester of which must include instrumental analysis), physical chemistry, calculus and physics. Students without these prerequisites may be required to complete American Chemical Society proficiency examinations in general, organic and/or analytical chemistry during the first semester. Medicinal chemistry is concerned with the study of those structural, stereochemical, and physical parameters which affect the biological interaction of synthetic and naturally occurring drugs at the molecular level. Research is directed towards a fuller understanding of the pharmacological actions of such substances leading to improved drug design. Specialization in these programs requires a broad knowledge of organic and heterocyclic chemistry, pharmacy, spectroscopic instrumentation, and pharmacology. Ongoing research programs include the synthesis and evaluation of antiviral and anticancer drugs; the synthesis of new laser dyes; and the isolation and characterization of natural products from plants. Pharmaceutics Programs leading to the degrees of MS and PhD in pharmaceutics are offered. These programs are intended to prepare students for positions of responsibility in education, government, and the pharmaceutical industries. The programs are designed to provide an appropriate balance between the theoretical and practical aspects of the area of specialization, which allows the student to be immediately productive, yet prepared for future growth and development. Admission to the pharmaceutics graduate programs requires an undergraduate degree in pharmacy, chemistry or biology that includes two semesters each of general, organic and analytical chemistry (one semester of which must include instrumental analysis), physical chemistry, calculus and physics. Holders of undergraduate degrees in non-pharmacy areas are required to complete the following pharmacy courses for no credit: physical pharmacy, dosage forms, biopharmaceutics and pharmacokinetics. The student is exposed to a broad range of theory and concepts, intended to promote a firm understanding of the materials and technologies associated with pharmaceutical product development, manufacture and evaluation. The program encompasses the study of pharmaceutical dosage forms, the release of drug from the dosage form, drug dissolution, drug absorption, bioavailability, and pharmacokinetics. Pharmacokinetics involves the study of the rates of drug absorption, distribution and elimination, and the quantitative relationship of these rates to drug therapy and/or toxicity. Research projects have typically involved development of new drug products, novel dosage forms, the release of a drug from new dosage forms, preformulation investigation of new drug entities, and pharmacokinetics. 9 Pharmacology Pharmacology is the medical science which involves all facets of the action of drugs and environmental chemicals on biological systems and their constituent parts. This includes everything from the intermolecular reactions of chemical compounds within a cell to the evaluation of the effectiveness of a drug in the prevention, treatment or diagnosis of human disease. Pharmacology offers unique opportunities to contribute to the knowledge, wellbeing, and survival of mankind. Admission to the pharmacology graduate program requires an undergraduate degree in pharmacy, chemistry or biology. While formal training in pharmacology and human physiology at the undergraduate level is helpful, it is not required for admission. Students who are deficient in these areas are required to audit the undergraduate course sequences in pharmacology/medicinal chemistry and/or physiology. Programs leading to the degrees of MS and PhD are offered for graduate study in pharmacology. Each is comprised of two major components; coursework in specific disciplines such as pharmacology, physiology, biochemistry, medicinal chemistry and related disciplines; and training in research and the scientific method. The programs prepare students for positions of leadership and responsibility in academic, industrial and government settings. Theoretical and experiential situations, in which pharmacological information can be applied, are provided to help the students develop an innovative and creative approach to problem-solving. School of Pharmacy-Boston Strategic Plan 2008-2013 In conjunction with the regularly scheduled 5-year Strategic Planning process performed in 2008, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences’ (MCPHS) School of Pharmacy – Boston’s (SOP-B) mission statement and major goals and objectives were reviewed and revised by faculty. Throughout the Strategic Planning process faculty drove the process with support from the SOP-B Executive Committee. College administration, primarily through the Provost's Office, was kept apprised. The new SOP-B mission statement is aligned with the current College mission statement. The SOP-B adheres to the values of the College as outlined in the College’s mission statement and strategic plan and listed below: “The College embraces a set of core values that reflect commitment to preparing competent, caring, ethical health professionals and scientists to meet the need for quality health care. As members of the College and broader community, we are committed to the following core values: Learner-centered teaching and student engagement that fosters intellectual vitality, critical thinking, and lifelong responsibility for learning and continuing professional development; Honesty, integrity, professionalism, and personal responsibility; Respecting diversity and appreciating cross-cultural perspectives; Adaptability and flexibility in response to the ever-changing external environment; Effectively and efficiently using resources to maximize value to those we serve; Excellence and innovation in education, scholarship/research, and service, including outreach to the community; A productive, satisfying work and learning environment that is built upon crossdisciplinary and cross-campus collaboration; 10 Integrating liberal arts and basic sciences with professional studies; Scholarship that contributes to developing knowledge, improving health sciences education, and improving health care and health outcomes; and Education that fosters developing the whole person.” Specific goals and objectives related to the School’s and departmental mission statements that comprise the SOP-B Strategic Plan 2008-13 are listed and described in this Strategic Plan document. These goals and their associated action steps guide most aspects of SOP-B operations including program planning and development, program and curricular assessment, and resource allocation. The Plan and completion of specific goals and action steps are tracked by both the SOP-B Executive Committee and Strategic Planning Committee (the latter group monitors the Strategic Plan completion tracking copy). Strategic Planning Process, SOP-B, 2007-08 The proposed Strategic Planning process for developing a new 5-year Strategic Plan (2008-2013) is described below. It is a combination of a goals-based and an issues-based model. Process occurs at the department/division level, guided by the Strategic Committee. 1. Initial Brainstorming Session: Identifying strategic issues and concerns - Brainstorming session at the SOP-B retreat (Fall 2007) - Small group exercise identify strategic issues and concerns facing the SOP-B identify aspirations for the future determine strategic goals or approaches to address issues and concerns and to potentially achieve aspirations identify internal and external constraints to implementing strategic goals (issues, concerns, and aspirations) 2. Formation of Strategic Planning Committee - Membership to consist of two faculty from each dept, one from OEE, one staff member, and one administrator who will chair - Planning process to occur at the departmental level (Experiential Education, Pharmacy Practice, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dean’s Office), guided by the Strategic Planning Committee 3. Reassessment of Mission Statements - Reassessment of mission statements for each department and SOP-B. - Revised statements (if any) reviewed and approved by the faculty 4. Clarification and Refinement of Issues, Concerns and Aspirations - Review, revise, and categorize issues, concerns, and aspirations - Determine alignment with College mission statement and between departmental mission statements 5. Development of Strategic Goals to Address Issues, Concerns, and Aspirations - Itemize and detail strategic goals - Review list of goals from previous Strategic Plan (2003-08) - Coordinate goals with College Strategic Plan and accreditation standards - Finalize list of goals 6. Development of action steps for each goal along with an implementation plan 11 - Generate action steps and evidence (indicators) of achievement - Create implementation plan with responsible individuals/units and timing 7. Final Review and Approval by Faculty - Approval of new 5-year Strategic Plan, at Fall 2008 faculty meeting - Implementation of Strategic Plan in Fall 2008 The SOP-B 2008-13 Strategic Plan is reviewed, assessed, and revised on a bi-weekly basis by the Executive Committee and semi-annually by the Strategic Planning Committee which provides faculty oversight. The Plan and its various goals and action steps are tracked for completion or modification if warranted. The mission statements and new Strategic Plan are presented below: School of Pharmacy – Boston Mission Statement: The School of Pharmacy – Boston delivers high quality, novel programs characterized by a hallmark signature of excellence in teaching and an environment conducive to professional development and to achieving national prominence in research and scholarship. The programs prepare a culturally diverse student body to become qualified practitioners in the delivery of patient-centered care and in the advancement of services and research in the pharmaceutical profession. Strategic Goals: Goal 1: Develop and expand programs that enhance academic and professional development of students. Action Steps Indicators Timeline Explore the opportunity of 1. developing an honors program for students Honors Program proposal Dec 2009 Investigate potential for 2. development of additional degree programs Proposals for new degree programs Annually Develop a career center for students and improve the 3. Career Tools program (with Alumni Association) Expand the role of different professional student 4. organization in enhancing student academic and professional advancement 5. Assess the outcomes of Career Center opened. New career tools Sept 2010 SOP-B Executive Committee New roles defined Annually Faculty Advisors SOP-B Executive Committee Outcomes Annually Assessment Committee 12 Responsible Group/Person Pharmacy Honors Program Committee SOP-B Executive Committee School Departments BS Program Committee Graduate Council SOP-B Executive Committee workshops on student academic and career development, revise program, and develop new programs Expand the utilization of student portfolio for academic and professional development (e.g. by 6. including student developed goals and objectives and selfreflection) Expand student research 7. opportunities (e.g. SURF program) measured New programs developed New portfolio format and guidelines Increased number of scholarships SOP-B Executive Committee May 2010 Curriculum Committee Assessment Committee SOP-B Executive Committee Annually SURF Committee SOP-B Executive Committee Goal 2: Develop and expand programs that enhance academic and professional development of faculty. Action Steps Re-institute the Faculty Mentoring Program to support the professional development goals of SOP1. B faculty and enhance the College-wide orientation and faculty development programs 2. Develop a school-wide annual symposium Provide faculty resource support and encouragement to pursue external 3. professional development programs in teaching, service, scholarship and leadership Develop training programs and workshops for faculty 4. on career advising and mentoring of students Develop a mission and 5. goals for the Senior Faculty Advisory Council Indicators Timeline Responsible Group/Person Number of workshops Documentation Sept 2009 of mentormentee meetings Faculty Mentoring Committee SOP-B Executive Committee Symposium offered each year Sept 2009 School Departments SOP-B Executive Committee Number involved Annually School Departments SOP-B Executive Committee Number of programs offered March 2010 SOP-B Departments Executive Committee Mission statement & goals January 2009 SOP-B Executive Committee 13 developed Collaborate at the College level in the creation of a 6. Center for Effective Teaching Center opened May 2011 School Departments SOP-B Executive Committee Goal 3: Conduct research and scholarship, including scholarship of teaching that contributes knowledge and perspectives to each discipline on a local, national and international level. Action Steps 1. 2. 3. 4. Provide faculty development opportunities that enhance research and scholarly productivity Indicators Timeline Increased number of grants, Annually publications, and presentations List of specific May 2010 incentives Create professional development incentives Create academic centers of Center opened excellence Collaborate at the College level to explore the opportunity to create a fully Center opened staffed Academic Research Support Center (Grants Office) Sept 2012 Sept 2011 5. Investigate and create mechanisms to identify grant support 6. Identify outcomes for the Outcomes advancement of scholarship identified in teaching Sept 2011 7. Re-assess workload to allow faculty to have more involvement in scholarly activities Dec 2010 Mechanisms identified Annually Results reported to faculty Responsible Group/Person Faculty Mentoring Committee School Departments SOP-B Executive Committee School Departments SOP-B Executive Committee School Departments SOP-B Executive Committee School Departments SOP-B Executive Committee Faculty Mentoring Committee School Departments SOP-B Executive Committee Faculty Mentoring Committee School Departments SOP-B Executive Committee School Departments SOP-B Executive Committee Goal 4: Foster the development of collaborations with clinicians and researchers between departments and schools in the College and externally with world-renowned health care institutions. Action Steps 1. Develop strategies to Indicators Specific Timeline Sept 2010 14 Responsible Group/Person School Departments support and implement multidisciplinary research internally and externally Promote collaborations between Pharmacy Practice 2. and Pharmaceutical Sciences disciplines Identify and participate in 3. external health care institution opportunities strategies listed SOP-B Executive Committee Increased number of collaborative Annually courses and research Increase in number of collaborative research programs Increase in Annually degree of involvement in faculty participation in clinical programs School Departments SOP-B Executive Committee School Departments SOP-B Executive Committee Goal 5: Cultivate professionalism in the students. Action Steps 1. Form a faculty and student committee to develop strategies and programs to enhance professionalism in students 2. Include professionalism as a component of the admissions assessment process (matriculating and transfer students) 3. Create “Dean’s Hour” program to include topics related to professionalism 4. Create a student’s “Bill of Rights and Responsibilities” with a “Professional Pharmacy Students’ Code of Ethics” 5. Update and implement Academic Honesty Policy for SOP-B 6. Benchmark Professional Indicators Timeline Responsible Group/Person Committee formed Proposal Sept 2009 School Departments SOP-B Executive Committee Revised admissions process and criteria January 2009 Pharmacy Admissions Committee Number of scheduled “hours” January 2009 SOP-B Dean Document May 2010 Ad Hoc Task Force/Committee SOP-B Executive Committee Policy Sept 2009 School Departments SOP-B Executive Committee Report May 2011 School Departments 15 Association/College of Pharmacy/PEPSIG for “Best Practices” pertaining to professionalism and services SOP-B Executive Committee Goal 6: Foster critical thinking and learner–centered teaching approaches within the didactic and experiential curriculum. Action Steps 1. Continue to explore and implement new and innovative teaching methodologies 2. Enhance use of online/distance learning technology that offers extended opportunities for learning outside of the classroom. 3. Improve educational resources (space [virtual classroom], number of full time faculty, technology) 4. Collaborate at the College level to establish a Teaching and Learning Center 5. Reconstruct goals and objectives in course syllabi to be “learner-centered” 6. Secure resources to support enhancement of these teaching approaches Indicators Teaching methods Podcasts of selected lectures New technologies implemented Online elective offerings Timeline Responsible Group/Person Annually School Departments SOP-B Executive Committee Annually School Departments SOP-B Executive Committee Post BS/PharmD Academic Planning Committee Increased resources Sept 2012 School Departments SOP-B Executive Committee Center opened Sept 2012 Curriculum Committee School Departments SOP-B Executive Committee Revised syllabi Sept 2009 Curriculum Committee Specific resources Annually School Departments SOP-B Executive Committee Goal 7: Ensuring the achievement of education outcomes through continuous assessment and refinement of the curriculum. Action Steps 1. Update educational outcome statements to correspond to ACPE 2007 Accreditation Standards and Guidelines and CAPE Indicators Timeline Responsible Group/Person Revised outcomes April 2009 Curriculum Committee Assessment Committee 16 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. document Re-institute Course Mapping Continue to improve NABPLEX licensure examination success rate to maintain a minimum school pass rate of 95% Develop technical standards for the pharmacy program Develop and implement Assessment Plans for all SOP-B academic programs Develop an academic remediation policy Results April 2009 Assessment Committee NABPLEX scores Annually Curriculum Committee Assessment Committee School Departments SOP-B Executive Committee Standards May 2009 Technical Standards Committee Plans May 2009 Assessment Committee Dec 2009 Academic Standing Committee School Departments SOP-B Executive Committee Indicators Timeline Responsible Group/Person Process and procedure guidelines March 2009 Pharmacy Admissions Committee Plan Dec 2008 Pharmacy Admissions Committee Revised criteria Sept 2009 Pharmacy Admissions Committee Revised policy Dec 2008 Pharmacy Admissions Committee Increased number involved School Departments SOP-B Executive Committee Policy Goal 8: Attract and retain highly qualified students. Action Steps 1. Design a pharmacy applicant admission process that can identify and admit highly qualified students 2. Develop a progression assessment plan for incoming P1s 3. Review and revise admissions criteria 4. Institute faculty involvement in the admissions assessment process 5. Increase significant faculty involvement in Open House through better interactions with Admissions Annually Goal 9: Standardize operating procedures for the School of Pharmacy. 1 Action Steps Develop a strategy for continued implementation of ACPE 2007 Indicators Timeline Strategy Sept 2009 17 Responsible Group/Person Strategic Planning Committee School Departments Accreditation Standards and Guidelines 2. Create more defined outcomes and tasks for standing committees 3. Revise the Standard Operating Procedures Manual SOP-B Executive Committee Revised outcomes May 2009 Revised Manual May 2009 SOP-B Dean School Departments SOP-B Executive Committee SOP-B Administrative Staff Strategic Goals: Goal 1: Develop a complete knowledge of the policies and procedures of the College, i.e., business office, payroll and human resources policies and procedures. Action Steps 1. Create and institute a mechanism for identifying, addressing, and following up on policy and procedural issues 2. Schedule regular meetings with faculty Indicators Timeline Responsible Group/Person Document May 2009 Executive Administrative Assistant Meeting frequency March 2009 Executive Administrative Assistant Goal 2: Facilitate the administrative assistants’ ability to perform multiple tasks during peak times to ease the workload in the School of Pharmacy-Boston. Action Steps 1. Set a rotation schedule for administrative assistants to experience and learn different roles and functions 2. Schedule regular meetings and training sessions to discuss and learn about different work functions Indicators Timeline Responsible Group/Person Schedule set and implemented March 2009 Executive Administrative Assistant Meeting and training frequency Annually Executive Administrative Assistant Goal 3: Work with and support the Executive Administrative Assistant in centralizing the workload of the School of Pharmacy-Boston Action Steps 1. Develop training sessions on centralized functions 2. Provide opportunities for Indicators Training frequency Skill Timeline Sept 2009 Annually 18 Responsible Group/Person Executive Administrative Assistant Executive Administrative administrative assistants to develop skills and expertise in different roles development Assistant Executive Committee Department of Pharmacy Practice Mission Statement: The mission of the Department of Pharmacy Practice is to prepare students to become qualified pharmacy practitioners in the provision of patient care as members of a multidisciplinary health care team. The department promotes excellence in teaching, research and scholarship, and professional services through collaborative initiatives. The department guides students in professionalism and career development as well as fosters extended learning opportunities through post-graduate training and education. In addition to supporting the School’s strategic goals listed above, the Department of Pharmacy Practice will pursue additional strategic goals as follows: Strategic Goals: Goal 1: Develop and expand programs that enhance academic and professional development of the faculty. 1. 2. Action Steps Continue to provide monthly seminars for faculty members to share their research and teaching Investigate the reallocation of workload for faculty in context of developing separate clinical, teaching, and research tracks for practice faculty Indicators Timeline Responsible Group/Person Seminar number and attendance Annually Pharmacy Practice Department May 2010 Pharmacy Practice Department SOP-B Executive Committee Report on potential development of teaching and research track practice faculty Goal 2: Maintain and expand post-graduate training programs (residency/fellowship) in a variety of Pharmacy Practice areas that actively involve faculty within the department. Action Steps 1. Develop a plan to assess the outcomes of current postgraduate training programs, especially those outcomes pertaining to teaching 2. Develop a plan to maintain and expand post-graduate Indicators Timeline Responsible Group/Person Outcome document and results March 2010 Assessment Committee Residency Fellowship Committee Plan document Dec 2009 Increase by 5 19 Residency Fellowship Committee training programs 3. Identify a combination of extramural and departmental support for establishment and continuation of new postgraduate training programs 4. Develop and provide teaching seminars for postgraduate trainees positions over next 5 years Pharmacy Practice Department Specific resources March 2010 Residency Fellowship Committee Pharmacy Practice Department Sept 2010 Residency Fellowship Committee Pharmacy Practice Department Number of seminars Attendance Goal 3: Explore and Enhance opportunities to provide innovative pharmacy practice. Action Steps 1. Encourage faculty to obtain Board Certification in specialty areas (eg, BCP, CDE, others) 2. Schedule monthly seminars to share practice experiences among faculty 3. Encourage spotlighting of innovative practices at local and national meetings Indicators Timeline Responsible Group/Person Number with certification Annually Pharmacy Practice Department Sept 2009 Pharmacy Practice Department Annually Pharmacy Practice Department Seminar frequency (number and attendance) Receipt of awards, presentations Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Mission Statement: The primary mission of the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences is to provide the highest quality education to students in pharmacy and the pharmaceutical and health sciences through excellence in teaching. The Department develops and conducts research and scholarship in order to expand knowledge, address the health care needs of society, and meet the strategic mission of the School and College. The Department supports graduate education and the development and fostering of programs which better prepare students to pursue careers in industry, academia, and government. In addition to supporting the School’s strategic goals listed above, the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences will pursue additional strategic goals as follows: 20 Strategic Goals: Goal 1: Develop and approve Graduate Division and BS programs Strategic Plans for AYs 20082013. Action Steps 1. Develop and implement strategic plans for the graduate program and BS degree programs 2. Develop and implement assessment plans for the graduate program and BS degree programs Indicators Timeline Responsible Group/Person Strategic Plan documents Sept 2009 Program Directors Graduate Council Assessment plan documents Sept 2010 Program Directors Assessment Committee Graduate Council Goal 2: Investigate, implement and evaluate new BS and graduate degree programs. 1. Action Steps Indicators Timeline Implement the new BS Pharm/Tox degree program New course proposals Annually to 2011 Implement dual majors (BS degree level only) Program planning Recruitment of students Dec 2010 Program proposal May 2010 Program Director Graduate Council Program proposal Sept 2012 Pharm Sci Department Program proposal Sept 2010 Program Director Graduate Council 2. 3. Develop and implement a graduate certificate program in Reimbursement 4. Develop new BS degree programs 5. Develop and implement a MS degree program in Clinical Research Management Responsible Group/Person Program Director Pharm Sci Department Chair Pharm Sci Department Chair SOP-B Executive Committee Office of Experiential Education Mission Statement: The Office of Experiential Education provides students with a continuum of required and elective pharmacy practice experiences throughout the curriculum from introductory to advanced. These experiences enable students to apply their classroom and laboratory based learning in a direct patient care setting to allow students to develop their ability to perform at the highest level of professional excellence. The Office of Experiential Education works very closely with full-time and adjunct faculty to ensure the establishment of objectives for pharmacy practice experiences, assessment of student performance, and documentation of attainment of desired 21 outcomes including direct interaction with a diverse patient population in a variety of practice settings as well as collaborative activities with other health care professionals. The Office of Experiential Education performs as a team whose primary focus is to meet or exceed accreditation standards, to facilitate the success of students, and to provide direct support for faculty and preceptors. In addition to supporting the School’s strategic goals listed above, the Office of Experiential Education will pursue additional strategic goals as follows: Strategic Goals: Goal 1: Increase quality and quantity of preceptor development programs. Action Steps Indicators Timeline Responsible Group/Person 1. Include workshop session during Preceptor Appreciation day. Improved Preceptor and student feedback Dec 2008 Experiential Faculty 2. Improved Preceptor and student feedback May 2010 Experiential Faculty Add separate sessions for regional hospital preceptors Goal 2: Enhance focus on Quality Assurance and Assessment during site visits. Action Steps 1. 2. Develop new tool to assess sites, preceptors, and students during site visits. Increase time that all experiential faculty spend in the field Indicators Timeline Preceptor evaluation by students and OEE and student outcomes June 2009 Increase Preceptor and student satisfaction Annually Responsible Group/Person Experiential Faculty Asst Dean Experiential Faculty Asst Dean Goal 3: Implement new ACPE standards for IPPE Rotations. Action Steps Indicators Timeline 22 Responsible Group/Person 1. Increase number of hours for IPPE rotations to 300 total 2. Add institutional rotations regionally Curriculum changes approved September 2009 Experiential Faculty Number of rotations Annually Experiential Faculty Goal 4: Develop common evaluation tool for assessment of student learning on rotations. Action Steps 1. Create steering committee and faculty task force to develop tool Indicators Timeline Responsible Group/Person May 2011 Assistant Dean and Pharmacy Practice Chairs New grading tool Adjunct faculty involvement Goal 5: Exceed site availability requirements regionally. Action Steps Indicators Timeline Responsible Group/Person 1. Secure increased number of sites. Add two new FTE faculty positions May 2009 Assistant Dean of Experiential Education 2. Increase focus and follow up for maximum outcome Seek submission of new availability requests from practice sites Experiential Faculty Annually Asst Dean Goal 6: Create Experiential Advisory Groups 1. 2. Action Steps Indicators Timeline Responsible Group/Person Enlist services of current key MCPHS preceptor Group membership set Sept 2009 Assistant Dean of Experiential Education Form cross functional regional groups for key clinical/practice areas Advisory groups strategically situated Sept 2011 Experiential Faculty 23 School of Pharmacy-Boston Research Plan Introduction The Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences (MCPHS) School of PharmacyBoston (SOP-B) is a private College with operating revenue derived primarily from student tuition dollars. In contrast to private institutions, public universities receive base support from the state and rely upon multiple sources of revenue (i.e., state funds, grants, and foundation accounts). While the pharmacy programs of private colleges/schools such as MCPHS are more dependent on tuition, there are many opportunities to grow contracts and grants and to seek entrepreneurial enterprises. In the past five years, the SOP-B has increased its scholarly productivity including the submission of grants and contracts. Senior administrators support the idea that MCPHS professors should pursue research, in particular, research that leads to extramural funding. However, a typical research idea usually takes 4 or more years prior to award funding when federal agencies are involved. Overview of the School of Pharmacy-Boston The SOP-B has ~ 70 faculty (which includes ~ 6 administrators), ~ 30 graduate students, ~12,000 square feet of laboratory space, an animal care facility, no Grant’s Office, no one with an active NIH/NSF grant but several small grants from non-profit organizations, one small grant from an International nonprofit organization, several internal MCPHS grants for $4000, 2-3 sub contracts where the work is sometimes performed off-site, and an Intellectual Property Officer in the Pharmaceutical Sciences Department. Many faculty are eager to write fundable grants but they need organized help from a central office with a mission to facilitate grantsmanship. Research Infrastructure All research organizations require three assets to be successful: (i) funding, (ii) space and equipment, and (iii) people. If any one of these assets is missing there is no productive research among groups of people in any organization. If you do not have funding, space and people, you cannot develop a sustainable research infrastructure because faculty don’t have supplies, consumables, disposables etc. Obviously if you do not have faculty, no work gets done no matter how much funding or space exists. The combination of funding, space and equipment, and people are essential to perform any significant level of research. 24 Types of Research For the purpose of this research document, three categories of research ideas were defined and are depicted in scheme 1: (i) Type A research ideas involves research that may result in publications and scholarship; this type of research can include intramural funded projects that serve as seed grants that can lead to type B and type C research (ii) Type B research ideas are extramural funded research projects that usually results in publications and scholarship; and (iii) Type C research ideas are commercially useful which may lead to products and possibly revenue for the College. Most of the currently on-going projects at MCPHS are derived from Type A research ideas with a few Type B research ideas; currently there are no Type C research idea projects on-going. Scheme 1. Categories of Research Ideas Vision Statement: MCPHS will be recognized among Colleges/Schools of Pharmacy as a leader in conducting funded research. Mission Statement: MCPHS provides the necessary support in terms of people, equipment and space, and monies to conduct funded research. 25 Research at MCPHS Background. The SOP-B is in the process of developing a Comprehensive Research Plan to support the School’s mission statement with regards to research and scholarship. As stated in the School’s mission statement, “the School of Pharmacy-Boston delivers high quality, novel programs characterized by a hallmark signature of excellence in teaching and an environment conducive to professional development and to achieving national prominence in research and scholarship”. To support the School’s mission statement with regards to research and scholarship, there are a number of research goals and action steps that have been identified within the SOP-B’s strategic plan. Faculty Survey As a starting point to better understand the challenges for faculty in pursuing research in the SOP-B, the Intellectual Property Officer performed a one-on-one interview with 31 faculty to determine their perceived barriers to research at the School. The sampled population represents approximately 46 % of all faculty in the SOP-B at MCPHS. The barriers that limit or slow down professors from doing quality research while maintaining their essential teaching and service obligations were used as a foundation to develop this strategic plan for research. Bottleneck challenges for research at MCPHS based on faculty interviews The challenges described below are not the only obstacles to research but they are the most significant ones when it comes to doing productive research. Problem 1. Workload Issues Many SOP-B faculty have heavy teaching loads, which results in insufficient time to develop ideas into grants and contracts. Moreover, the clinical (pharmacy practice) faculty have to maintain practice sites as part of their faculty responsibilities and the needs of the practice sites have become even more demanding over the past 5 years. The clinical faculty have patient care responsibilities and contribute to teaching and training students on rotation at their clinical sites; in addition, they coordinate and/or teach in a variety of settings. Problem 2. Research Infrastructure Support While the College does have a Grant Assistance Program to help with assistance in writing grants (up to $1000), the School faculty indicated that a Research Center would provide more support with their research and scholarship goals to assist them with identifying and pursuing fundable research projects. Problem 3. Resources Active research laboratories require people, space and funding. Without people, significant amounts of space and funding will not generate much research. Without space and equipment, good people with sufficient funding will not generate much research unless they do the work off site by either collaborating or merely using other people’s laboratory space and equipment. The SOP-B has many good and exceptional faculty capable of doing a significant quantity of research, but there is limited research space and funding to perform the work; this is one of the bottlenecks in going forward. 26 Problem 4. What research is worth pursuing? A good idea is not necessarily a fundable research idea and many, in fact, most faculty pursue non funded ideas to publish and perform scholarly work to get promoted or meet their annual expectations from the College. Faculty need to be sensitive to when they are pursuing nonfundable research ideas vs. fundable ideas. Problem 5. Lack of Start-Up Funds There are no start-up funds for newly hired professors at MCPHS. Implementation To support research initiatives in the SOP-B and to facilitate successful grantsmanship in both the Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical Sciences Departments, the following action items below will be performed. Some of the action items are essential and need to be done within the first year others can be done over the next few years. Action Items (i) Increase the Pharmaceutical Sciences Lab Supplies budget; specifics amount will be evaluated on an annual basis. Reason. The Pharmaceutical Sciences budget is used for both undergraduate laboratories and graduate laboratories. Over the last 5 years the undergraduate class size has significantly increased and consequently more of the budgeted funds were used for the undergraduate laboratories. This took precious research dollars away from developing graduate students and their faculty mentors. Thus, to compensate for increased undergraduate enrollment requiring more funding and the cost of inflation over the last 5-10 years the Pharmaceutical Sciences budget will be increased. (ii) Initiate a new budget line for Research in Pharmacy Practice that can be determined annually based on need. Reason. The Pharmacy Practice faculty are beginning to perform a significant amount of research and scholarship. Some of their research requires funds for drug-assays for pharmacokinetic studies, extra computers to bring to the clinic to collect data according to HIPAA standards, and supplies and consumables for particular projects. The culture at the college has changed over the years with a dual focus of teaching as well as research, including publications, and grants that are funded. (iii) Increase the Pharmaceutical Sciences Equipment Budget 27 Reason. Based on the faculty interviews that were used to prepare the Strategic Plan for Research, several faculty indicated that MCPHS lacks some fundamental equipment for them to do research. (iv) Promote and support research collaborations between faculty in both Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical Sciences Reason. Interdisciplinary research is beneficial in addressing complex problems that can be approached with deep knowledge from different perspectives. There are many funding opportunities available for interdisciplinary research including clinical and translational science awards. (v) Creation of a Research Center Reason. Collectively the faculty have requested a Research Center, which is not a grants office. The types of functions within the Research Center can include the following activities: Assist faculty (i) in defining a fundable research project or concept (ii) in identifying a funding agencies, (iii) in preparing the grant (budgets, rationale, complete application regarding pages and (iv) in writing the grant, etc. (vi) Procurement of Endowed Chair(s) Reason. The College does not have endowed chairs in research that are supported financially to any significant level. The procurement of endowed chair(s) would support new knowledge at various levels and bring new scientific expertise to the School and College. (vii) Establish an internal mock-up of an NIH study section to review internal proposals for merit as a service to faculty. Reason. Faculties in the School have frequently requested informally a review of their proposals. Having a formal mechanism to review proposals will facilitate their grantsmanship. Paying outside consultants to assist in the review process can come from departmental budgets (which will be increased to support this activity). (viii) Evaluate Pharmacy Practice faculty site-specific barriers for faculty who are pursuing clinical research at their practice sites with regard to PI issues and IRB processes. 28 Reason. Site-specific policies may limit some MCPHS clinical faculty who wish to pursue their own research. Each practice site has its specific research-related issues and this needs to be explored carefully to determine the best strategies in approaching the problems. (ix) Recruit faculty who have funded research experience. Reason. Faculty with funded research experience will support the research and scholarship goals in the SOP-B and can serve as collaborators and research mentors for colleagues. (x) Continue to support and develop additional MCPHS fellowship and residency programs in collaboration with partner sites to train fellows and residents in research. Reason. Fellows and residents will provide additional support for faculty research and scholarship goals. (xi) Evaluate Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmacy Practice workload issues that may hinder faculty from pursuing and conducting research. Reason. Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmacy Practice faculty have expressed challenges in meeting workload expectations and conducting research. Departmental workloads should be evaluated to identify barriers and possible solutions. In planning to pursue and conduct research, faculty should work with their Department Chair to develop a mutually agreeable plan prior to conducting such research. (xii) Evaluate Pharmacy Practice workload barriers at practice sites Reason. While funded research may allow faculty to reduce their teaching load, there may be an expectation of the site that faculty will continue to maintain their clinical practice. When their research is not directly related to their practice site activities, faculty should work with their Department Chair and appropriate individual(s) in the Office of Experiential Education and at the practice site to develop a mutually agreeable plan prior to conducting such research. Milestones (i) Year (1): The budgets lines that support research for the Pharmaceutical Sciences Department will be evaluated and increased in the budget proposal for the next fiscal year. A new budget line to support research for faculty in the Pharmacy Practice Department will be requested in the budget proposal for the next fiscal year. 29 (ii) Year (1): In addition to the College-wide Faculty Development Committee, the SOP-B Faculty Mentoring Committee will incorporate and sponsor research and scholarship seminars and workshops targeting areas of need identified by School faculty. (iii) Year (2): A Research Center will be established. (iv) Year (5): 1-2 federally funded grants are the target. (v) Year (10): 4-5 federally funded grants are the target. The College should be ranked according to the ACPE guidelines. Research Plan Approved at November 17, 2010 School of Pharmacy-Boston Faculty Meeting. 30 Goals and Objectives for AY 2012-2013 List Goals and Objectives for 2012-2013 Continue to develop undergraduate and graduate programs Implementation of a required Immunization Certification plan for all PharmD graduates Continue to expand residency and fellowship programs including opportunities for domestic and international students Continue to implement the Saudi Initiative Review the PharmD curriculum and identify areas of integration Continue to Implement new PharmD, BSPS, BSPMM and PharmTox curricula Continue the implementation of the ACPE Accreditation Guidelines 2007, especially IPPE requirements. Continue to improve and maintain NAPLEX licensure examination success rates to exceed a minimum school pass rate of 90% by successive yearly NABLPEX practice exams and review. Investigate / move selected academic programs to online/distance learning format Implement a full time MSRA, and improve upon the current part-time MSRA Increase the quality and quantity of grant proposals from SOP-B Increase the number of application for awards and competitions offered through National professional organizations. Implement the Honors Program Develop curricular changes based on taskforce recommendations and feedback from the Assessment Committee for NAPLEX Area 3 Competencies. Design and plan for a required Immunization Certification Program for all grads within the curriculum. Continue implementation of the ACPE Accreditation Guidelines for Standards 2007. Expand the use of student portfolios in the curriculum to enhance academic and professional development. 31 Relationship to the MCPHS Strategic Plan Goals or Initiatives Academic Programs: Implementation, New Program Development and Market Research SI# 5 Goal #1, 2, 3 Strengthen student success and retention Develop a pre-pharmacy direct entry option into the PharmD W/M from SOP-B Implement summer course offerings Implement a comprehensive, faculty driven tutoring program. Develop a comprehensive SOP orientation program for incoming 3rd year, P1 students on the 1st 3 days of the Fall semester. Develop and implement pharmacy review course and practice board exam in Pharm Calculations Revive Career Tools program (with Alumni Association) Work toward restructure of the Office of Experiential Education Develop and support an “identity” and appropriate administrative structure for the BS programs within the SOP-B Work with MCPHS On-Line to expand offering through the SOP. Hire a permanent Chair for Pharmacy Practice Prepare the School, Faculty, Staff and Students for a Spring 2013 focused site visitation be ACPE. Plan of BS and PharmD degree events Structure and implement an Experiential Advisory Council Continue SOP-B Deans Advisory Council Investigate and create mechanisms to increase grant support (100% increase in grant dollars) 32 Student Academic Support SI# 5 Goal #2, 4 SOP-B Management SI#4, Goal# 3 School Organizational Chart Associate Provost for Pharmacy Education School Organizational Chart Douglas Pisano Senior Associate Dean Dean Associate Dean School of Pharmacy School of Pharmacy - Boston of Experiential Education Michael Montagne Douglas Pisano Paul DiFrancesco Director: Boston Campus Associate Dean for Professional and Academic Affairs Caroline Zeind & Central Community and Ambulatory Pharmacy Experiences Catherine Basile Associate Dean Graduate Studies Timothy Maher Assistant Dean Director: Worcester Campus & Central Institutional Pharmacy Experiences Catherine Simonian Bachelor Programs Institutional Experiential Coordinator Bernard Tyrrell Rita Morelli Chair Pharmaceutical Sciences Community and Ambulatory Experiential Coordinator Timothy Maher Lisa Padgett Chair Pharmacy Practice Michael Carvalho Vice Chair Pharmacy Practice William McCloskey Director Postbaccalaureate PharmD Pathway Kathy Grams 33 Program Coordinator Meredith Cole Database Coordinator Tim Schartiger Administrative Assistant SOP - Boston Sonya Almeida II. Academic Policies, Procedures and Guidelines Technical Standards Doctor of Pharmacy Program Introduction The School of Pharmacy is committed to a policy of equal educational opportunity, and welcomes individuals with diverse backgrounds and abilities. The School, therefore, prohibits discrimination according to all applicable state and federal laws. However, students in the School must be able to meet the essential clinical and academic requirements since the curriculum objectives are to prepare students for practice in their field. The purpose of this document is to ensure that all students entering the PharmD program have read and understand the clinical and non-academic requirements of the program so they can make informed decisions regarding their pursuit of the profession of pharmacy All candidates for admission to and students enrolled in the PharmD program must have abilities and skills in multiple domains including: communication, intellectual, behavioral/social, and visual/auditory/tactile/motor competencies. The following technical standards describe the nonacademic qualifications (required in addition to academic standards), which the School of Pharmacy considers essential for successful progression and completion of the educational objectives of its curriculum. Although the School of Pharmacy will engage in an interactive process with applicants with disabilities, it reserves the right not to admit any applicant who, upon completion of the interactive process, cannot meet the Technical Standards set forth in this document, with or without reasonable accommodations. Reasonable accommodation for persons with documented disabilities will be considered on an individual basis. Students wishing to request accommodations for disabilities should contact the Coordinator of Disability Services (see “Students with Disabilities” in “Student Services” section of the catalog.) Domain: Communication Performance Standards A) Must have functional English speaking, reading and writing abilities necessary to communicate clearly and professionally with faculty, staff, peers, patients, and health care professionals in a mature and professional manner that reflects the core values of the College. B) Communication includes both verbal and non-verbal expression, reading, writing and computer skills Essential Functions Ability to participate in class discussions/group projects/practical labs for the purpose of the delivery and receipt of medical information 34 Ability to recognize both verbal and non-verbal communication including facial expressions and body language Ability to demonstrate awareness of and appropriately communicate both verbally and non-verbally Ability to report accurately and legibly in patients’ charts demonstrating the knowledge of the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition and grammar Ability to explain to other health care team members to patients and/or caregivers reason for treatment, preventive measures, disease process and need for referral Ability to use computers and other technology to accurately record information and convey critical health-related documentation Ability to recognize and respond to physical and psychological needs of patients Domain: Intellectual Performance Standards A) Must have critical and logical thinking ability sufficient to engage in clinical judgment and problem solving to address issues and problems within all learning environments B) Must have ability to multi-task and to perform work in a logical and sequential manner Essential Functions Must be able to memorize, perform scientific measurement and calculation, reason, analyze, and synthesize information Demonstrate ability to retrieve (electronically and manually), read, understand, and interpret medical, scientific and professional information and literature Demonstrate the intellectual and reasoning abilities required to develop problem-solving and decision-making skills Demonstrate ability to learn effectively through a variety of modalities including, but not limited to classroom instruction, small group discussion, individual study of materials, preparation and presentation of written and oral reports, and use of computers and other technology Demonstrate ability to prioritize and complete tasks in laboratory, clinical, and patient care settings with time constraints Perform a variety of duties accurately, often changing from one task to another without loss of efficiency or composure Domain: Behavioral/ Social Performance Standard A) Must possess ability to interact with and relate to faculty, staff, peers, patients, and health care professionals in a mature and professional manner that reflects the core values of the College. B) Demonstrate sensitivity to people from a variety of cultural backgrounds 35 C) Must possess ability to interact with and respond to needs of patients and caregivers from a variety of cultural backgrounds and with a diversity of emotional, intellectual and physical health issues Essential Functions Must be of sufficient emotional and mental health to utilize fully intellectual abilities to exercise good judgment, to complete patient care responsibilities appropriately, and to relate to faculty, staff, peers, patients, and health care professionals with courtesy, compassion, maturity and respect for their dignity Must be able to effectively function when faced with the challenges and uncertainties in classroom, laboratories, and experiential settings Must accept constructive criticism and be able to respond and modify behavior accordingly Must be able to interact with faculty, staff, peers, patients, and members of the health care team in a mature and professional manner that reflects the core values of the College. Domain: Visual/Auditory Performance Standard A) Must possess sufficient visual and auditory abilities to gather data from written reference material, oral presentations, illustrations, diagrams and patient observation Essential Functions Ability to gather data from written reference material, computer-based programs, and from oral presentations Ability to observe and/or conduct demonstrations and experiments Ability to utilize various types of physical assessment skills required for patient-centered care including reading digital or analog representations of physiologic phenomena Ability to execute movements reasonably required to properly participate in the activities of a laboratory or an experiential rotation that are components of pharmacy practice Have vision sufficient to read and interpret prescriptions, prescription labels and drug labels Domain: Tactile and Motor Competencies Performance Standard A) Must possess sufficient tactile and motor abilities to prepare pharmaceutical products, evaluate patients, and perform basic laboratory tests 36 Essential Functions Possess manual dexterity necessary to manipulate and control laboratory equipment and materials Possess manual dexterity sufficient to accurately compound and prepare pharmaceutical products for dispensing to patients Possess manual dexterity and sense of touch sufficient to perform basic patient assessments including, but not limited to palpation, auscultation, percussion, and other diagnostic maneuvers Possess sufficient manual dexterity to conduct laboratory diagnostic tests and administer non-oral medications Student Acknowledgement and Statement It is the responsibility of the student to request a reasonable accommodation. If a student cannot demonstrate the skills and abilities identified above, with or without a reasonable accommodation, the School of Pharmacy will provide a reasonable accommodation as long as it does not 1) fundamentally alter the nature of the program offered; 2) does not impose an undue hardship such as accommodations that may cause significant expense; 3) become a hazard to the safety and well being of patients; or 4) is unduly disruptive to the educational process. I have read and understand the statement of technical standards and essential functions as outlined above as performance standards necessary for successful admission and progression in the PharmD Degree Program. ________________________________________________________________________ Student Signature Date 37 Enrollment Management Plan for Incoming P3 Students to PharmD (2013) The purpose for the Enrollment Management Plan is to achieve a maximum enrollment goal of 340 students per entering first professional year class. This class size will include rising sophomores already admitted to the PharmD as freshmen, internal transfer students from the Baccalaureate programs in Pharmaceutical Sciences or Pre-Med, and external transfer students who apply to our College from other institutions. The criteria for admission into the P3 year by all possible candidates, regardless of point of entry, will include the following; 1. successful passage of a faculty interview, 2. successful passage of a writing assessment exam, 3. a minimum GPA requirement a. 2.7 for rising PharmD b. 3.0 for internal and external transfers The time line for evaluation will be as follows: 1. All prospective students, regardless of point of entry, will be notified by June 30th. 2. Rising 2nd year students to the P3 year a. Will receive notice of conditional progression in January of their 2nd year. This notice will be contingent on the passage of the required interview, writing sample and maintenance of qualifying GPA. b. No students will be accepted on probationary status nor will the make-up of courses in summer of 2nd year qualify for PharmD admission without approval by the Dean. 2. BSPS / PreMed (Internal Transfers) a. Must apply by February 1st of the sophomore year as described in our existing and published policy regarding internal transfer into the PharmD program since 2009. b. Admission will be contingent upon available program space, passage of the required interview, writing sample and maintenance of qualifying GPA. 3. External Transfers a. If needed, will use the current Admissions Office policy as described in the College Catalog. 38 Policy on Summer Courses for School of Pharmacy-Boston The School of Pharmacy-Boston will offer additional opportunities to students who are enrolled in the Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) program to successfully progress through the professional curriculum during the summer sessions of 2013. Summer course offerings may permit students, who have experienced academic difficulty in selected courses and who are otherwise in good academic standing, to remediate these courses in accordance with the academic policy as published in the College Catalog. If interested, students should contact their academic advisor in the Academic Support Center. The policy of the School of Pharmacy – Boston is that an earned grade of “D” or “F” is considered a failing grade and requires that students must: a. successfully repeat with a passing grade any failed course prior to progressing into the next course in the sequence, and, b. successfully complete with a passing grade any prerequisites, and, c. successfully complete all required courses prior to matriculation into the next year of the curriculum. For Academic Year 2012 – 2013 1) Students who earn a grade of “D” in PSB328: Physiology/PathoPhysiology I, PSB331: Biochemistry I, PSB340: Pharmaceutics I, PSB441: Medicinal Chemistry I and/or PSB451: Pharmacology I will be allowed to progress into the next course in the sequence or any course that requires the successful completion of these courses as prerequisite (including PPB414: Virology and Anti-Infectives and PPB446: Therapeutics II in the 4th year). 2) Students who earn a grade of “D” in PPB485: Drug Literature Evaluation or PSB424: Research Methods will be allowed to register and remediate their grade in the on-line offering of these courses in the Post-Baccalaureate Doctor of Pharmacy Pathway. 3) Students who earn a grade of “D”, F or W” in PSB 432 Pharmacokinetics II, will be allowed to register and remediate this grade in the Summer offering of this course. Please note that students must successfully pass this course and have completed all requirements and be in good academic standing before beginning sixth year advanced clinical rotations. 4) Students who withdraw (W) or earn a grade of “F” from any course cannot progress to the next course in the sequence. 5) The School of Pharmacy – Boston will offer the following courses, pending sufficient enrollment, in either Summer Session I or Summer Session II for those students who have received a grade of “D/F/W” in their first attempt: a) PSB331: Biochemistry I and PSB332: Biochemistry II (May also be taken by students who have matriculated into the 1st professional year of the PharmD program in the summer prior to the Fall semester of that year) b) PSB328: Physiology/PathoPhysiology I and PSB329: Physiology/PathoPhysiology II c) PSB340: Pharmaceutics I and PSB341: Pharmaceutics II (The didactic portion only. Students must have passed the laboratory portion of that course) 39 d) PSB220: Healthcare Delivery (May also be taken by students who have matriculated into the 1st professional year of the PharmD program in the summer prior to the Fall semester of that year) e) PSB451: Pharmacology I and PSB454: Pharmacology II f) PSB441: Medicinal Chemistry I and PSB442: Medicinal Chemistry II g) PSB430: Pharmacokinetics I and PSB432: Pharmacokinetics II h) PSB450: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology i) PBS424: Research Methods in Pharmacoepidemiology 6) The following courses may be taken in the summer in the normal sequence: a) PSB331: Biochemistry I and PSB332: Biochemistry II available for students who have completed their second year b) PSB424: Research Methods in Pharmacoepidemiology available for students who have completed their second year c) PSB430: Pharmacokinetics I available for students who have completed their third year d) PSB450: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology available for students who have completed their third year Students may take a maximum of two courses in any single summer session. College policy regarding multiple attempts at professional courses continues to be in effect. Professional courses may be attempted no more than two times. Grades of “D/F/W” are considered attempts in courses where a “C-“ or higher is considered a passing grade. (See the College Catalog 2012-2013, p.102) This policy will be re-evaluated yearly in the fall semester of each year. 40 Policy for Progression into the Professional Program The Pharmacy Admissions Committee (PAC) has developed a policy to assist MCPHS-Boston School of Pharmacy meet the necessary requirements for all pharmacy students to be evaluated prior to progression into the professional program as mandated by ACPE. The progression into the professional program officially occurs between the 2nd and 3rd years in the program. Based on the guidelines set forth by ACPE, survey results from the faculty and principles that support continuity, integrity and non-discriminatory practices, the PAC has developed the following policy. This policy includes all the materials that are recommended by the PAC to be used in the progression process. Students in the pre-professional phase of the PharmD program who are progressing into the professional program must successfully complete the PharmD Progression Assessment (PPA). The PPA is comprised of 3 components: GPA, Writing Assessment and a Formal Interview. Each component has its own evaluation process and a minimum score needed to be achieved to obtain proficiency and thus progression. Minimum score needed for each component: I. GPA 1 point II. Writing Assessment 1 point III. Formal Interview 2 points I. GPA Students must have a cumulative GPA of 2.7, as stated in the MCPHS handbook, to progress into the professional program. This is designed to help ensure that students have the basic knowledge needed to successfully complete the PharmD program. Below illustrates the point system for the GPA component. GPA Points ≥ 2.7 2 pts 2.65 – 2.69 1 pt (minimum score) < 2.65 0 pts II and III. Writing Assessment and Formal Interview A formal interview and writing assessment will be administered by the School of PharmacyBoston faculty to assess each student’s verbal communication and writing skills, understanding of the pharmacy profession and commitment to patient care. Students will be provided with an established day and time for these activities. Prior to the interview/writing assessment, students will receive an email providing them with information: instructions, supplemental material and etc. They are also be provided verbal instructions on the scheduled days of the Writing Assessment and Formal Interview. Students are required to make appropriate arrangements to ensure that they are available on the assigned date. They are also expected to attend the interview in professional attire. On the specified day, all 2nd year students will meet in one of the large lecture halls. At this time, students will be given oral instructions of the expectations, schedule of the day and room assignments. Faculty will also meet to review the grading criteria and expectations of the 41 interviewer, interviewees and the writing assessment. This will help ensure continuity and integrity of the process. For the formal interviews, each room assignment will consist of two faculty members and no more than 10 students. Two faculty members will be involved in the evaluation of each student to ensure that all student assessments are non-discriminatory. The average of both scores will be utilized to calculate the final assessment score. Average scores with a .5 or greater are rounded up, average scores with a .5 or less are rounded down. This same process is used for the writing assessment except that students are assigned to lecture halls and given the written materials. As in the case of the verbal assessment, the written assessment is also graded independently by two faculty and the scores are averaged. Each component will consist of a health/pharmacy related patient case. Appropriate background material will be provided to the students beforehand. The materials will not be allowed into the interview rooms for the formal interview, however, they are allowed in to the classroom for the writing assessment. Faculty will also be provided the same materials along with case assessment questions that can be assigned to each student for the oral interview to help facilitate discussion. Students will be assessed on their ability to discuss and write about the patient case demonstrating mastery of North American English and their ability to process and convey information. Students will not be judged on the stance that he/she takes but how well they are able to convey accurate information. The rubrics for these components are attached. Below illustrates the point system for the each: Interview % Points >27 24-26 21-23 18-20 90 80 70 60 4 3 2 1 <18 50 0 Writing Assessment >18 16-17 14-15 <14 % Points 90 80 70 <7 0 3 2 1 0 (minimum score) Students who do not meet the requirement Students who do not meet the minimum requirements for progression will not be allowed to progress into the professional program. Students with excused absences Students who meet the excused absence criteria will be rescheduled for a one day only make-up. Students with unexcused absences Students who do not attend the interview session and do not meet the excused absence criteria will not be allowed to make-up the interview and will not be permitted to progress to the 1st professional year. Students with disabilities Students with disabilities will be afforded the same accommodations as outlined by their initial plan with Student Services. These students are not exempt from the ACPE requirements. 42 Pharmacy Competency Exam Requirement To better prepare students for the NAPLEX licensure exam, and, to help us identify who may need some additional assistance, the School of Pharmacy is requiring that beginning with the Class of 2014, all students will take a mandatory “Pharmacy Competency Review Exam.” Similar to the NAPLEX, the exam is in a computerized format and the questions reflect the competencies in the NAPLEX blueprint. Students who receive an overall substandard score on the exam will be required to attend the School of Pharmacy-Boston Board Review Program that is being held annually in early May. After completing the School of Pharmacy-Board Review Program, students will be required to retake and pass the “Pharmacy Competency Review Exam” during the month of May. Students who still have not received a passing score on the Pharmacy Competency Review Exam will be able to access Pharmacy Competency Review Modules to review chapters and take practice questions. Students must then retake and pass the exam prior to the start of the fourth rotation block of 6th Year rotation. 43 Accreditation Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE) The Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE) is the national agency for the accreditation of professional degree programs in pharmacy and providers of continuing pharmacy education. ACPE (until 2003 known as the American Council on Pharmaceutical Education) was established in 1932 for the accreditation of professional degree programs in pharmacy. In 1975, its scope was broadened to include accreditation of providers of continuing pharmacy education. (www.acpe-accredit.org). The mission of ACPE is to assure and advance quality in pharmacy education. ACPE is an autonomous and independent agency whose Board of Directors is appointed by the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP), the American Pharmacists Association (APhA), the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy (NABP) (three appointments each), and the American Council on Education (one appointment). Accreditation Status The School of Pharmacy-Boston is fully accredited by ACPE. ACPE Student Complaint Policy and Procedure Form Policy: The Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE), the pharmacy school accreditation agency, is required by the U.S. Department of Education to assure that pharmacy programs have a policy to record and address student complaints regarding a school’s adherence to the ACPE Accreditation Standards and Guidelines for the Professional Program in Pharmacy Leading to the Doctor of Pharmacy Degree hereinafter referred to as the “ACPE Standards”. The purpose of this policy is to provide the opportunity for pharmacy students to document complaints about the School of Pharmacy’s adherence to any of the ACPE Standards. Complaints may relate to matters involving the curriculum, faculty, student affairs or other areas relating to ACPE standards. If a student wishes to complain about an issue related to the accreditation standards of ACPE, the student should follow the procedure detailed below. In the case of common academic matters within the School of Pharmacy (e.g., grade challenges, academic standing review and appeals, etc.), students should refer to policies and procedures of the school and college, as outlined in the MCPHS Student Handbook & Academic Planner. Procedure: The student writes a letter detailing the complaint to the School of Pharmacy-Boston Associate Dean for Academic and Professional Affairs, who can be reached through the School of Pharmacy Dean’s Office (telephone: 617-732-2781). Complaints must be submitted in writing using the attached Complaint Form. The student must specify which ACPE standard, policy or procedure is in question, provide a summary of the claim and include supporting evidence, as applicable. Receipt of the Complaint Form will be acknowledged via e-mail by the Associate Dean for Academic and Professional Affairs. 44 The student will be invited to meet with the Associate Dean to discuss the complaint. If the Associate Dean is unable to resolve the issue, he/she forms an ad hoc committee of three faculty members (at least one member from each department) who are not involved with the issue and asks the committee to review the complaint and make a recommendation within 10 business days of the committee’s formation. The student may be invited to meet with the committee to answer questions. Minutes must be taken at all committee meetings. The student receives a written response within 5 business days of the conclusion of the committee’s deliberations. The response will include an evaluation of the complaint and the committee’s decision. Should the committee find that a violation of an accreditation standard has occurred, a proposal for corrective action with a corresponding timeline will be outlined. If the student is not satisfied with the decision of the committee, he/she may appeal the decision to the Dean of the School of Pharmacy within five business days of the issuance of the committee’s written response. The Dean will review the case and makes a decision within 10 business days or receipt of the appeal. The decision of the School Dean is final. The SOP-B Dean’s Office keeps a confidential file of all complaints and responses. This process is the sole mechanism within the School of Pharmacy for submission of student complaints regarding ACPE standards. Any student who wishes to file a complaint with ACPE for unresolved issues related to ACPE Standards may visit the ACPE website http://www.acpe-accredit.org/ and follow the student link to access the procedures for filing a complaint. All written complaints, investigations, committee meeting minutes, reports, and correspondence relating to the complaints will be retained in a confidential file and made available to an ACPE site-visit team in accordance with ACPE Accreditation Standards. III. Committees School of Pharmacy Executive Committee Charge: The responsibilities of the Pharmacy Executive Committee are to assist the Dean of the School in the implementation and examination of the procedures, policies and activities and to provide input for formulating future direction of the School. Membership: The committee consists of the Dean of the School, the Senior Associate Dean, the Associate Dean for Academic and Professional Affairs, the Associate Dean for Graduate Studies, the Assistant Dean for Experiential Education, the Chair and Vice-Chair of Department of Pharmacy Practice, and the Chair of Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Chair: The Dean of the School serves as Chair of the Pharmacy Executive Committee and provides the Annual Report at the last meeting of the academic year. Dean’s Advisory Council Purpose: The purpose of the Dean’s Advisory Council for the School of Pharmacy – Boston is to assist and advise the Dean and the Executive Committee, as a broad spectrum of stakeholders, in the development of policy, planning, administration and implementation of the academic programs within the School. 45 This Council will provide input to assist the Dean and Executive Committee of the SOP-B in the accomplishment of: 1. the goals and implementation of the School’s strategic plan; 2. the mission of the School as well as the missions of the two academic departments and the Office of Experiential Education; 3. its vision for teaching, service and scholarship; 4. review and input on curricular development and assessment. Membership: 1. The Council is composed of not less than ten, nor more than 15 members, who are appointed by the Dean and serve two year terms. 2. Five of its members must be registered pharmacists with at least five years of practice experience. 3. At least one member shall be a current student in good standing from a program within the SOP-B with an” alternate” 4. At least one member shall be: a. a “College Trustee” b. a pharmacy member of the ”Alumni Association” c. a patient or a consumer d. an educator not teaching in pharmacy e. a research scientist f. a board of pharmacy member 5. Each Council member will be expected to attend at least two of the three meetings scheduled yearly. Pharmacy Academic Standing Committee Charge: The responsibilities of the committee are to evaluate undergraduate students with academic standing issues and make recommendation about their academic progress in accordance with the Academic Standing Manual of the College. The committee may also recommend progression standards for the undergraduate programs to the Pharmacy Executive Committee for discussion at the departmental and the School meetings. Membership: The committee consists of five voting members from departments of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical Sciences. The Associate Dean for Academic and Professional Affairs and the Director of Academic Support Services serve as ex-officio members of the committee. Each faculty member serves a two-year term with a maximum of two consecutive terms. Chair: The Chair is elected by majority vote of the committee for two years. The Chair provides the Annual Report at the last meeting of the academic year. 46 Accreditation/Self Study Committees 1 and 2 Charge: To prepare a Self Study Report for SOP-B to serve as a planning document for the School, to assess the program’s success in attaining its objectives, and to support the reaccreditation process. Membership: All faculty volunteers but representative of the 3 SOP-B Units (Pharmacy Practice, Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Office of Experiential Education), plus student and preceptor members. Chair: The Senior Associate Dean of the School serves as Chair of the Accreditation/Self Study Committee 1 and the Associate Dean for Professional and Academic Affairs serves as the Chair of the Accreditation/Self Study Committee 2. The Chairs will provide the Annual Report at the last meeting of the academic year. Awards Committee Charge: The responsibilities of the Award Committee are to oversee the process for selection of student awards for the SOP-B Hooding and Awards Ceremony and to provide input for various undergraduate restricted and endowed scholarships. Membership: The committee consists of five faculty volunteers in the SOP-B Chair: The Chair is elected by majority vote for two years. The Chair provides the Annual Report at the last meeting of the academic year. Assessment Committee Charge: The responsibility of the committee is to develop and implement comprehensive curricular outcomes assessment. The committee will share the data with the Pharmacy Executive Committee, Curriculum Committee and faculty of School of Pharmacy. Membership: The committee consists of seven faculty from the SOP-B. The appointment of the faculty members is for two years. The Senior Associate Dean serves on the committee and the Assistant Dean for Experiential Education serves as an officio. Chair: The Senior Associate Dean serves as the Chair of the Committee and provides the Annual Report at the last meeting of the academic year. B.S. Program Committee Charge: The responsibilities of the committee are to develop, assess and oversee the B.S. in pharmaceutical sciences, pharmaceutical marketing and management, and pharmacology/toxicology as independent and marketable undergraduate programs. Its decisions are subject to the departmental and the School faculty approval. The curricular decisions of the 47 committee are subject to approval by the Pharmacy Curriculum Committee prior to the faculty approval. Membership: The Chair of the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences appoints five faculty members from the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences to this committee. Each faculty member serves a two-year term. One student representative of each of the respective B.S. programs serves as a member of the Committee. Chair: A program director serves as the Chair of the committee for two years and provides the Annual Report at the last meeting of the academic year. Pharmacy Curriculum Committee Charge: The committee is charged with the development, assessment and implementation of the curriculum according to the national curricular guidelines, competency statements and standards, including inclusion and deletion of courses as deemed necessary. The committee, with oversight of the Assessment Committee, will be responsible for the evaluation of all undergraduate curricula of the School including entry-level Pharm.D., Post B.S. Pharm.D Pathway. and B.S. degree programs offered by the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences consistent. The decisions of the Committee are subject to faculty approval at the departmental meetings prior to submission for the School faculty approval. Membership: The membership of the committee according to the School of Pharmacy Curriculum Committee Bylaws is as follows: each faculty member and alternate serve a maximum three-year term; the student member serves a two-year term, the first year as an alternate, the second year as a voting member. Department Voting Members Alternate Maximum Term (year) Pharmacy Practice 3 1 3 Pharmaceutical Sciences 3 1 3 Arts & Sciences 1 1 3 Student Representative 1 1 2 Division of Library and Learning Resources 1 1 3 Dean, SOP-B or designee *ex-officio N/A *nonvoting member Chair: The Chair is elected by majority vote of the Curriculum Committee for two years. The term of the Chair should be two years, with the possibility of re-election for a maximum of two consecutive terms. The Chair provides the Annual Report at the last meeting of the academic year. 48 Equipment Committee Charge: The responsibilities of the committee are to: 1) develop and maintain a listing of the significant analytical / laboratory instrumentation owned by the SOP-B, 2) survey the faculty to identify future needs for laboratory instrumentation for graduate student research, 3) prioritize such requests and develop recommendations for purchase and timing of purchases over 3-5 years. Membership: The committee consists of seven faculty from department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (six from the SOP-B and one from SOP-W/M) and one faculty member from the School of Arts and Sciences. Chair: The Chair is elected by majority vote of the committee for two years. The Chair provides the Annual Report at the last meeting of the academic year. Pharmacy Faculty Mentoring Committee Charge: The responsibilities of the committee are to develop and oversee a faculty mentoring committee that supports the professional development of junior faculty in the SOP-B. Membership: The committee consists of seven senior faculty from the School of Pharmacy (a minimum of three must be full professors). The Dean appoints the members of the committee. The appointment of the members is for a period of two years. Chair: The Chair is elected by majority vote of the committee members for two years and provides the Annual Report at the last meeting of the academic year. Pharmacy Admission Committee Charge: The role of the committee is to develop an assessment procedure and processes to address and fulfill the ACPE guideline stated below regarding admissions policies, criteria, and procedures. Membership: The committee will include one representative from the College Admissions Office and five faculty members who will be appointed by the Dean for two years. Dean/Associate Dean serve as ex-officio members of the committee. Chair: The Chair is elected by majority vote of the committee members for two years and provides the Annual Report at the last meeting of the academic year. Pharmacy Honors Program Committee Charge: The role of the committee is to develop and implement an Honors Program that is an enrichment of the Doctor of Pharmacy Curriculum that expands educational opportunities for highly motivated and academically talented students. Membership: The committee will be comprised of six faculty member volunteers as well as the Department Chairs in the SOP-B as well as the Associate Dean for Professional and Academic Affairs. The Assistant Dean for Experiential Education serves as ex-officio members of the 49 committee. A student representative from the PharmD program will serve as a member of the committee. Chair: The Chair/Co-Chairs is/are elected by majority vote of the committee members for two years and provides the Annual Report at the last meeting of the academic year. Post B.S. PharmD Academic Planning Committee Charge: The role of the committee is to oversee the academic planning of the Post B.S. PharmD Pathway and to explore innovative ways to offer the program including distance education. Membership: The Program Director and faculty member working in the Post B.S. PharmD Pathway will serve as members of the committee. The Dean will appoint four additional faculty to the committee as well as one student in the program. The Associate Dean for Professional and Academic Affairs serve as ex-officio members of the committee. Chair: The Program Director of the Post B.S. PharmD Pathway serves as the Committee Chair and provides the Annual Report at the last meeting of the academic year. Residency/Fellowship Committee Charge: The responsibilities of the committee are to oversee and guide the maintenance and expansion of residency and fellowship programs funded and co-funded by the School of Pharmacy-Boston. Membership: The Dean appoints five faculty members from School of Pharmacy-Boston for a two-year term. The Associate Dean of Professional Affairs and Chair of Department of Pharmacy Practice serves as ex officio members of the committee. A resident or fellow representative of one of the School’s co-sponsored postgraduate training programs will also serve as a voting member of the committee. An adjunct faculty member who serves as a preceptor for residency or fellowship programs will serve as a voting member of the committee. Chair: The Dean appoints the Chair/Co-Chairs of the Committee. The Chair/Co-Chairs provides the Annual Report at the last meeting of the academic year. Strategic Planning Committee Charge: The responsibilities of the committee are to oversee and guide the strategic planning process in the School of Pharmacy-Boston. Membership: The Dean appoints four faculty members from School of Pharmacy-Boston for a two-year term. The Senior Associate Dean and Assistant Dean of Experiential Education serve as ex officio members of the committee. A student representative and preceptor also serve as members of the Committee. Chair: The Dean appoints the Chair of the Committee. The Chair provides the Annual Report at the last meeting of the academic year. 50 Student/Faculty Professionalism Task Force Charge: Investigate ways of enhancing professionalism within the SOP-B. What is the current level of professionalism and what needs improvement. Membership: The Dean appoints five faculty members from SOP-B for a two-year term. Two students serve as members of the committee. The Associate Dean serves as ex officio members of the committees. Two students serve as members of the committee. Chair: The Chair is elected by majority vote of the committee members for two years and provides the Annual Report at the last meeting of the academic year. Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Program Committee SURF Board Charge: The members of the SURF Board are charged with advising the program coordinator regarding the operations of the program and with selecting the most qualified students to receive fellowships from the pool of current applicants. Composition of the SURF Board: The Chair of the SURF Board functions as the program coordinator and is appointed by the Dean of the School of Pharmacy, Boston. The Chair institutes program activities with Board input, oversees the day-to-day operations of the program, and monitors the selection process for the awarding of fellowships. The Chair is a non-voting member of the Board with regard to the selection of Fellows. The Board is composed of representatives from each School of the College that participates in the SURF program, an alumnus of the College who is interested in the program, and a student representative. The Dean of the School of Pharmacy, Boston, serves as an ex officio member. School representatives serve on the Board for a two-year term and are nominated by their respective Department Chairs (School of Pharmacy) or Dean (School of Arts and Sciences). School representatives cannot act as Mentors in the program during their term on the Board. The alumnus member is appointed by the Chair in consultation with the Dean of the School of Pharmacy, Boston. This member is appointed based on their interest in scholarship and in fostering the growth of the SURF program. The student member is selected by the Board from the current Fellows who received a Research Excellence Award. The term of the student member is for one year. Graduate Academic Standing Committee Charge: The responsibilities of the committee are to oversee and guide the maintenance and expansion of residency and fellowship programs funded and co-funded by the School of Pharmacy-Boston. Membership: The Dean appoints five faculty members from School of Pharmacy-Boston for a two-year term. The Chair of Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences for the SOP-B and SOPW/M also serve as members of the committee. The Director of Academic Support Services is an ex officio member of the committee. Chair: The Chair is elected by majority vote for two years. The Chair provides the Annual Report at the last meeting of the academic year. 51 Graduate Admissions Committee Charge: The Committee conducts an annual review of the admission standards and policies established by the Graduate Council. In collaboration with the Executive Director of Admissions, the Committee reviews new admission applications and makes acceptance and denial recommendations to the Assistant Dean for Graduate Studies who conveys the final admissions decision in writing to individual students. Membership: The committee is comprised of four members of the Graduate Faculty (one from each discipline, one (1) member of the Graduate Council, and the Assistant Dean of Graduate Studies (ex-officio). The Chair of the Graduate Council appoints up to three members annually, as needed to maintain the above composition, to serve two-year terms, which are renewable for one additional two-year term. Graduate Curriculum Committee Charge: The Committee reviews and approves or rejects new course proposals. The Committee reviews new course, certificate, and program proposals and makes recommendations to the Graduate Council. The Chair notifies the Chair of Graduate Council in writing of committee recommendations decisions regarding new courses, and programs, and their curricula. The Committee conducts periodic, qualitative reviews of graduate programs, and, when appropriate, recommends discontinuation of existing programs to the Graduate Council. Membership: The Graduate Curriculum Committee is comprised of four members of the Graduate Faculty, one (1) member of the Graduate Council and the Assistant Dean of Graduate Studies, ex-officio. The Chair of Graduate Council appoints two members in even years, and three in odd years, to serve two-year terms, which are renewable for one additional two-year term. The Committee meets at least once each academic term or as convened by the Chair for a specific purpose. Meetings are convened and conducted by the Chair. Minutes are kept and distributed to the Graduate Curriculum Committee and to the Graduate Council. Graduate Council Charge: The purpose of the Graduate Council, in collaboration with the Assistant Dean of Graduate Studies, is to promote excellent in graduate programs. The Graduate Council will perform the oversight functions of graduate program review and coordination, while the academic Schools will be responsible for their budgetary support and administrative management. Membership: The Graduate Council is composed of the following voting members: one graduate faculty member elected from each of the Chemistry, Pharmaceutics, and Pharmacology Programs; two graduate faculty members elected at large from the graduate faculty; and an elected representative of the Graduate Student Association. The Dean of the School of Pharmacy, the Assistant Dean of Graduate Studies, and the Vice President for Academic Affairs/Provost are members of the Graduate Council ex-officio. Each elected member will serve a two year term. Chair: The Chair is elected by the graduate faculty at the outset of the fall semester for a twoyear term. The Chair may serve no more than two consecutive terms. 52 Faculty Search Committees (Ad-hoc) Pharmacy Practice Search Committee Charge: To help identify potential applicants, review credentials and interview candidates for faculty positions and make recommendations to the hiring manager as to the individual’s suitability for the position. Membership: The Chair of the Department of Pharmacy Practice appoints four members of Pharmacy Practice and one member of Pharmaceutical Sciences to a one-year term. The Department Chair serves as an ex-officio member on the committee. Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Search Committee Charge: To help identify potential applicants, review credentials and interview candidates for faculty positions and make recommendations to the hiring manager as to the individual’s suitability for the position. Membership: The Chair of the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences appoints four members of Pharmaceutical Sciences and one member of Pharmacy Practice to a one-year term. The Department Chair serves as an ex-officio member on the committee. Chair: The Search Committee Chair is appointed by the Department Chair and is responsible for coordinating the committee’s efforts. 53 Appendix 1 School of Pharmacy Assessment Plan I. Background and Description At the Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences School of Pharmacy-Boston, the administration and faculty are committed to the highest academic standards. This is consistent with the College’s mission, and this is the basis by which the faculty of the School plan, develop, implement, and assess current and new degree programs. Pharmacy curricular assessment at the School of Pharmacy-Boston focuses primarily on the professional pharmacy curriculum (PY-1 to PY-4) and it involves a three-pronged approach that includes 1) programmatic level evaluation; 2) student learning based on educational outcomes during the professional phase of the curriculum; and 3) other components (faculty, experiential, graduate alumni). As a faculty, we acknowledge and base our programmatic assessments on the following core principles: 1. Assessment is a tool that will be utilized to assist the strategic planning process. 2. Assessment is most effective when it reflects an understanding of learning as multidimensional, integrated and revealed in performance over time. 3. Assessment works best when the programs it seeks to improve have clear, explicitly stated purposes. 4. Assessment requires attention to outcomes but also and equally to the experiences that lead to those outcomes. 5. Assessment works best when it is ongoing not episodic. 6. Assessment makes a difference when it begins with issues of use and illuminates questions people really care about. 7. Assessment is most likely to lead to improvement when it is part of a larger set of conditions that promote change. 8. Through assessment, educators meet responsibilities to students and to the public. II. Assessment Plan Strategy and Goals The goals of this Assessment Plan are to: 1. Improve student learning within the PharmD program. 2. Enhance student, faculty and employer satisfaction with the curriculum. 3. Evaluate curricular changes. 4. Determine completion of School’s Strategic Plan. 5. Assess matriculating pre-professional students for progression into the professional years of the PharmD curriculum. 6. Track professional year students through their curriculum to identify both individual and group issues. The guidelines of the assessment plan include: 1. The purpose of assessment is improvement of educational programs. 54 2. Assessment will be a collaborative process involving faculty, staff, students, alumni and administration. 3. Assessment will be guided by the College’s and the School’s Mission Statement. 4. The assessment process itself will be evaluated. The strategy for development and implementation of the Assessment Plan consists of the following separate components and phases: Phase I 1. Approval and implementation of the SOP-B Strategic Plan 2. Development and approval of new SOP-B Assessment Plan 3. Implementation Assessment Plan 4. Establishment of key performance indicators and strategies for assessing these performance indicators. 5. Reevaluate our syllabi format to include course objectives and their relationship to school outcomes statements and NABPLEX competencies 6. Evaluate and reestablish our School outcomes statements. Phase II 1. Begin process of using data to manage change in SOP-B operations 2. Implement the performance indicator measurement programs and begin evaluating results. Phase III 1. Based on the performance indicator results develop improvement plans – 2. Continuing the previously established assessment strategies and performance indicator measurement programs. 3. Work with the Faculty development programs to help educate and train other faculty members to the value or and utilization of course assessment strategies. III. Plan Overview The SOP-B Assessment Plan is discipline-specific and focuses on the professional Pharm.D curriculum. Table 1 provides an overview of the assessment plan and includes the specific assessment tools used along with a timeline of their use. For a detailed description of each assessment tool see appendices. 55 Table I: Proposed Frequency of Assessment Activities September October March-April April May June August Every 3 years Every 3 years Periodic Pharm.D. Students in the new curriculum enter the first professional year (PY-1) Demographics and standardized exam results (placement, WPE, OPE) data collected for this entry and transfer class Progression data from previous year is collected and analyzed Construction of class survey instruments begins Formation of class year focus group(s), topics chosen Distribution of class surveys Class meeting to discuss survey results and curriculum issues Portfolio reviews Exit interviews and surveys administered Collection and analysis of assessment data for each year Generation of yearly assessment report, assessment review Distribution of alumni and employer surveys for graduates Comprehensive review of Assessment Program Town Meetings as needed Table II: Proposed Assessment Activities by Curricular Year ASSESSMENT YEAR 1 YEAR YEAR YEAR 3 TOOL YEAR 2 4 5 DEMOGRAPHICS X STD. EXAMS TOEFL MATH X X X POST GRADUATE X X OPE, WPE NAPLEX DIAGNOSTIC EXAMS PROGRESSION X YEAR 6 X X X X X X CLASS MEETING/ SURVEY X X X X TOWN MEETING As needed for key curriculum issues STUDENT PORTFOLIOS X X X X FOCUS GROUPS X X X X EXIT INTERVIEW X ALUMNI SURVEYS EMPLOYER SURVEYS X X 56 IV. Operational Structure and Processes The Assessment Plan and processes are managed by a number of committees and departments: Assessment Committee: The assessment team will consist of 8 voting members, one alternate member and an ex-officio Chair, and the voting members will maintain a five year rotating appointment. Members wishing to continue in this position may be allowed to do so. Unlike other committees, the members of this committee overtime will develop an expertise in the area of assessment. With this in mind, the school will value these individuals’ added knowledge and skills and allow for the creation of a core group of faculty with a specific expertise and passion for assessment. The Assessment Committee is: 1. Charged by the SOP-Boston Curriculum Committee. 2. Composed of members from the Division of Pharmacy Practice and Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences from the SOP-Boston, some of who may also share membership on the SOP-B Curriculum Committee. 3. Establish and implement an assessment program for the Pharm. D. curriculum. 4. Perform ongoing assessment of the program. 5. Oversee collection, analysis and storage of assessment data. 6. Report and distribute assessment results to the SOP-B curriculum committee. Curriculum Committee: 1. The MCPHS Pharm.D. assessment committee was formed as a subcommittee of the MCPHS School of Pharmacy-Boston Curriculum Committee. 2. Oversight of assessment plan development and implementation. 3. Periodic review and evaluation of assessment plan data and outcomes. 4. Implement curriculum revisions in the Pharm.D. program based upon data obtained from the assessment process. SOP-B Executive Committee: Support faculty, staff and students in the assessment process. Provide administrative support for ongoing assessment. Provide leadership and guidance on the assessment process. Utilize assessment data to effect positive change in the curriculum. MCPHS Institutional Effectiveness Committee: 1. Provide input on development and implementation of the Pharm. D. assessment program. 2. Participation in administration of assessment tools. 3. Embedded assessment in ongoing Pharm. D. courses. 4. Participation in focus groups, town meetings and class meetings. 57 5. Create and disseminate institution-level data. Faculty: 1. Provide input on development and implementation of the Pharm. D. assessment program. 2. Participation in administration of assessment tools. 3. Embedded assessment in ongoing Pharm. D. courses. Staff: 1. Registrar – provide data on grades, progression, failure rates, withdrawals, transfers, program completions, analysis of bulk data. 2. Admissions – provide demographic data on students, placement exam results, class rankings, entrance GPA, and other indicators Preceptors and Employers: Provide their perceptions and impressions of the strengths, weaknesses and general characteristics of students and/or graduates. Data may be collected using surveys, interviews or focus groups. Alumni: Provide feedback on satisfaction with the curriculum, courses and programs as well as overall Provide data on performance on professional examination, career progression, continuing education and life-long learning. School of Arts & Sciences: 1. Administration of standardized exams such as math placement, writing proficiency, oral proficiency. Ongoing assessment of general education outcomes. Students: 2. Participation in class meetings, town meetings, focus groups, assessment surveys, etc. 3. Participation in development and implementation of assessment plan. V. Assessment Activities, Components, and Measures 58 Table III: Assessment Plan Components, Measures, and Responsibilities What is being assessed? How is it measured? Who Responsible? Strategic Plan Action steps achieved Executive Committee Strategic Planning Degree Program Policy & procedures changes Executive Committee Curriculum Course And Curricular Changes Course Mapping CAPE Outcomes Assessment Curriculum Student Progression Matriculating into 1st prof year Pharmacy Admissions OPE, WPE, math, interviews? Assessment Student demographics Executive Retention/attrition Graduation rate Student Progression Tracking System Student Learning Course level assessments Portfolios Self-directed learning instrument Skill-based assessment NABPLEX Diagnostic Exam Instructors Preceptors OEE Executive Committee Student satisfaction Survey Focus groups Class (town) meetings Assessment Dean’s Office Experiential Education and Preceptors Site evaluation (by OEE) OEE Portfolio & learning contract review Rotation-specific grading of student Preceptor evaluation Student evaluation of site Student preparedness Faculty (full-time) evaluation of site Professionalism and accountability Graduates Exit survey/interview NABPLEX scores Alumni survey Assessment Alumni Services Employers Survey (graduate preparedness) Assessment Faculty Activities Faculty Manual Executive Committee 59 IGP/AAR Course evaluations Peer & supervisor evaluations Faculty surveys Assessment VI. Description of Assessment Tools Used 1. Student Demographics and Standardized Exam Results Data collection: annually Data collection methods: admissions and registrar records, institutional records, testing agency reports Data collected: a. Student age, gender, ethnicity. b. Class standing, high school or transfer GPA. c. Writing proficiency exam d. Oral proficiency exam 3. Math placement exam 4. TOEFL scores 5. Review sessions and exams Uses of these data: a. To evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the applicants. b. Association of graduate characteristics with success and failure on these examinations. c. To assess proficiency of writing, oral communication and medical terminology. d. To assess prominent learning styles of a particular class and to possibly tailor presentation styles of professional classes toward that area of student strength. 5. To assess the outcome of students who fail a standardized exam such failures will be tracked and eventual passing of the exam and/or completion of required coursework related to the exam content would be documented. 6. To determine whether any of the above measures correlate with ultimate success in the program, i.e. graduation, licensure. 2. Performance on Professional (licensure) Examinations Data collection: annually or twice annually Data collection methods: results from licensure/certification agencies (NAPLEX, MPJE) Data collected: a. Passing rate and average score of those taking the examinations b. National results and those from other comparable institutions c. Scores on individual exam components d. Number of tries needed to pass Uses of these data: a. Overall ability of graduates 60 b. Areas of strength and weakness in the graduates may indicate potential areas for improvement in the curriculum c. Association of selected graduate characteristics with success and failure on these examinations. d. Exam results may serve as a benchmark for comparison with other schools of Pharmacy 3. Progression, Retention and Graduation Rates: Student Tracking System Data collection: each semester and some ongoing Data collection methods: institutional records Data collected: a. GPA for each year (overall and professional) b. Percent of students progressing into the next year c. Percent failing specific professional courses d. Average time to complete program e. Graduation rates f. Percent withdrawing from Pharm.D. program or changing programs g. Comparison of student grades in prerequisite courses to requisite courses and preprofessional to professional courses. Uses of these data: a. Association of student characteristics with progression, retention and graduation rates. 4. Course and Curricular Assessment Data collection: annually or more often as needed Data collection methods: faculty records of graded quizzes, examinations, collected laboratory assignments, graded homework’s, assignments and case studies, completed preceptor evaluation forms. Examples of data collected: a. Course evaluations b. Quizzes, examinations c. Laboratory exercises/projects/calculations d. Written homework assignments e. Oral presentations f. Case studies g. Preceptor evaluations h. Small group exercises Uses of these data: a. To assess student skills, competencies and knowledge in specific areas of professional practice. For a detailed listing of Professional Practice-Based Outcomes see Appendix A). 61 5. Student Portfolios Students may create a portfolio with specific elements that catalogs their progression through the program and documents their abilities, skills, knowledge and attitudes. The portfolio will be reviewed at scheduled periods throughout the program by advisors and preceptors. Data collection: annually Samples of materials that may be included in the portfolio: a. Philosophy of practice. b. College mission statement c. Academic transcripts d. Letters of reference e. Preceptor evaluations f. Outcome statements g. Extra-curricular activities h. Service learning experiences i. Volunteer activities j. Case studies k. Presentations, videos l. Self assessment m. Sample practice plans n. Certificates of merit/achievement o. Capstone projects, lab assignments, etc. p. Checklist of required contents q. Portfolio reviewer sheets r. Demographic data s. Standardized exam results t. IPEP/PPP evaluations u. Overall rank, rank in key courses Uses of the data: a. Assessment of student abilities and progression in various areas of professional practice b. Student self-reflection c. Employment 6. Exit Interviews One-on-one interview of a graduating student with a “trained” staff, faculty or alumnus. Interviewer follows a relatively consistent set of questions for each interview. A survey might also be administered. Data collection: annually during Board Review for graduates as well as for students who leave the program early or transfer out. 62 Data collected: a. Student responses b. Specific quotes c. Survey results Uses of the data: to assess a. Student satisfaction with the curriculum, courses and program. b. Overall program or curriculum design c. Assessment plan activities 7. Class Meetings and Surveys Meetings with an entire class from each specific professional year to discuss predetermined issues related to the curriculum as well as any that might arise at the meeting. Surveys may be issued to students prior to these class meetings to assess specific curriculum issues. Meetings may be facilitated by an academic administrator, or a faculty member involved with the assessment process and should be run with participation of a class advisor or leader. Data collection: annually Data collection methods: meeting minutes, votes on specific items, consensus statements, survey results. Topics for discussion and survey might include: a. Suggestions for areas of improvement in the curriculum b. Informal assessment of a course sequence c. Usefulness of prerequisites d. Student self-assessment of abilities with respect to educational outcome statements e. Scheduling f. Electives g. Introduction to clerkships h. Introduction to residencies and fellowships Uses of the data: a. To obtain feedback on specific areas of the Pharm. D. curriculum that may be used for curriculum enhancement and improvement. b. To allow students to self-assess their abilities in specific areas of professional education. These self-assessments may be used by students and faculty to gauge areas of perceived strength and weakness within the student population of a particular year and to subsequently address these areas of concern within the curriculum. 8. Focus Groups A moderator or facilitator guides a group of (usually 5-10) individuals with similar backgrounds in the discussion of a predetermined set of questions and issues related to specific areas of the curriculum. May be used for groups of faculty, students, alumni, or health care professionals. One possible set of focus groups might be comprised of faculty from each discipline within the 63 Pharm. D. program (i.e. pharmaceutics, chemistry, therapeutics, social and administrative sciences and law) who meet regularly to discuss issues pertinent to each of the disciplines. A second possible focus group might be comprised of faculty teaching in a specific year of the curriculum. Topics for discussion might include course prerequisites, integration of course materials, case study design, scheduling, course coordination, and implementation of specific assessment tools. Data Collection: annually Data to be collected: meeting summaries and transcripts, specific quotes, consensus statements. Uses of the data: a. To address specific issues within the curriculum. b. To assess specific disciplines within the curriculum with the goal of enhancing curriculum delivery and integration 9. Town Meetings Affords an opportunity for Pharm.D. students, faculty and staff to be involved in the curriculum assessment process. The town meeting may be used to discuss issues related to the curriculum such as curriculum revisions, new courses, new requirements, etc. It may also be used by students to bring issues of concern regarding the Pharm.D. program to the faculty and administration for discussion and in this respect may be a means of facilitating open communication between the various constituencies. Data collection: as needed Data collection methods: consensus statements, surveys, meeting transcripts and summaries, specific quotes, etc. Uses of the data: a. To incorporate student ideas and opinions into the curriculum development and modification process. b. To identify specific concerns within the curriculum and their possible solutions. 10. Experiential education 11. Alumni Surveys Mailed surveys to be administered by alumni office. Surveys will be sent to MCPHS graduates of the Pharm. D. program. In addition to questions designed to assess the MCPHS Pharm.D. curriculum, the survey will also address post-graduation placement, career progressions, and lifelong learning. Open-ended questions may be included but are difficult to scale and analyze. Data collection: 1, 3 and 5 years post graduation. Data Collected: a. Survey responses b. Alumni comments and suggestions 64 Uses of the data: to assess a. Satisfaction with the curriculum, courses and programs b. Whether the curriculum adequately prepared graduates for success in professional practice. c. Performance on professional examinations, graduate or professional schools d. Placement after graduation e. Career progression f. Life-long learning 12. Employer Surveys Mailed surveys to be administered by the alumni office. Surveys will be sent to clinical, industrial or retail sites that employ a significant number of MCPHS Pharm.D. graduates. Data collection: 1 and 3 years post graduation Data collected: Survey results Employer comments Uses of the data: To assess how well the MCPHS Pharm. D. curriculum prepared graduates for professional practice To obtain employer feedback on program design and content with the goal of improving or enhancing the curriculum VII. Resources RESOURCES NEEDED FOR ONGOING ASSESSMENT School of Pharmacy-Boston Assessment Committee School of Pharmacy-Boston Curriculum Committee Institutional Effectiveness Committee Administrative/Clerical support Hardware (computer, printers, file cabinets, etc.) Software (word processing, spreadsheet, statistical Awards, grants, recognition for those who provide substantial contributions to the College’s assessment activities. SELF-ASSESSMENT OF ASSESSMENT PROGRAM The assessment program itself will be periodically reviewed by the SOP-B Curriculum Committee in conjunction with the SOP-B Curriculum Assessment Committee and with the input from faculty, staff and students. The selfassessment process may focus on a number of important questions such as: 65 Are the data from each basic assessment category being collected in a purposeful and systematic manner? Are the data used in making decisions about the curriculum? Are all important goals being assessed? Are most faculty and administrators knowledgeable of their data and their implications? VIII. References 66 Appendix 1A CURRICULAR MAPPING OF CAPE OUTCOMES (MCPHS SOP-B 2009) Course Number: ________________ Course Title: ____________________________________________________________ Course Instructor/Coordinator: _________________________________________________ Semester: _____ Fall _____ Spring PharmD Class Year: _____ One _____ Two _____ Three _____ Four PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE-BASED OUTCOMES Please use this rating scale: 2 = major emphasis, 1 = minor emphasis, 0 = not covered in the course I. Provide Pharmaceutical Care A. Gather and organize information in order to identify ongoing or potential drug-related problems and the root cause of the problems. 1. Collect accurate and comprehensive drug information from appropriate sources. 2. Collect accurate and comprehensive information to be used in monitoring therapeutic outcomes. 3. Identify the patient’s primary complaint(s) and reason(s) for seeking medical care. 4. Perform selected aspects of physical assessment. 5. Identify appropriate information in profiles or medical records that will affect drug dose and schedule. B. Plan and perform ongoing patient evaluation to identify additional drugrelated problems and implement changes in the pharmaceutical care plan. 1. Assess patient therapeutic self-management. a. Review patient profiles or medication administration records to determine the adequacy of patient therapeutic self-management. b. Employ clinical assessment skills to determine the adequacy of patient therapeutic self-management. c. Interview the patient/caregiver to help determine the adequacy of patient therapeutic self-management. 2. Optimize patient therapeutic self-management. a. Develop a plan to influence patients to effectively manage their therapy and reinforce appropriate behaviors. 67 Your Rating PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE-BASED OUTCOMES Please use this rating scale: 2 = major emphasis, 1 = minor emphasis, 0 = not covered in the course b. Communicate an analysis of patient therapeutic self-management problems to the patient’s physician or other relevant health care providers. c. Communicate alternative dosage strategies to the prescriber to help resolve specific patient therapeutic self-management problems. 3. Monitor the safety and efficacy of therapeutic plans. a. Employ clinical assessment skills in order to evaluate therapeutic effectiveness or potential drug-related problems in the patient. b. Communicate evidence of efficacy or potential for drug-related problems to the patient and/or caregiver and prescriber. c. Communicate alternative therapeutic strategies to the prescriber to correct or prevent drug-related problems. d. Recommend revisions of therapeutic plans based upon changes in patient status. C. Interpret and evaluate pharmaceutical data and related information needed to prevent or resolve medication related problems or to respond to information requests. 1. Interpret statistical data. 2. Assess physical and chemical data. 3. Evaluate laboratory test results and pharmacokinetics data. 4. Evaluate information obtained from the patient’s history and physical assessment. 5. Evaluate research studies. 6. Evaluate the acceptability of prescription order transmission and legitimacy of source. 7. Determine the validity of the patient-prescriber relationship. 8. Clarify, add, and/or correct prescription order information when necessary. 9. Make reasonable assumptions and/or draw reasonable conclusions when data are incomplete. 10. Identify and collect all information necessary to select appropriate medical goods and devices for the patient. a. Research the literature related to medical goods and devices in order to select or recommend the most appropriate device for an individual patient. b. Compile and update literature for ready reference in the provision of patient care. c. Obtain patient information relevant to the selection of a particular device. D. Collaborate with physicians, other health care professionals, patients, and/or their caregivers to formulate a pharmaceutical care plan. 68 PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE-BASED OUTCOMES Please use this rating scale: 2 = major emphasis, 1 = minor emphasis, 0 = not covered in the course Communicate pertinent information from the patient's medical record. Recommend appropriate drug therapy. Make referrals to other health care agencies or professionals where indicated. Select appropriate medical goods and devices for the patient. a. Assess the patient’s medical and/or pharmaceutical needs. b. Assess the ability of the patient or caregiver to cope with or employ the necessary medical goods or devices. c. Determine which of the available items in the market place meets the patient’s or caregiver’s needs. Integrate basic knowledge as needed to design, implement, and evaluate patient-specific pharmacotherapeutic regimens to prevent or resolve medication-related problems or to respond to information requests. a. Apply knowledge of the pathophysiology of a specific disease to prevent medication-related problems. b. Apply pharmacologic approaches to the management of specific diseases. c. Relate therapeutic principles to medication-related problems experienced by patients. d. Relate psychosocial aspects of illness and health to the management of therapy-related problems. e. Apply preventive strategies and epidemiological research to manage public health problems. f. Apply basic principles of nutrition to the management of patient health. g. Relate the major components of the American health care system and their relationship to the delivery of pharmaceutical care. h. Relate the chemical, biochemical, and pharmacological mechanisms of drug action to the identification and resolution of medicationrelated problems. i. Relate the chemical and/or biochemical structure of drugs to their therapeutic action. Determine the appropriate drug delivery system for the patient based upon individual patient needs and characteristics. a. Evaluate patient characteristics that may influence the choice of a drug delivery system. b. Select a drug delivery system that will provide optimal therapeutic benefit to individual patients. c. Evaluate the suitability of an extemporaneously compounded prescription formulation for the administration of a desired drug. Select an appropriate container for the drug product or determine if original packaging is safe and appropriate for the product and consumer. 69 PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE-BASED OUTCOMES Please use this rating scale: 2 = major emphasis, 1 = minor emphasis, 0 = not covered in the course a. Evaluate the suitability of a container for a given drug product based upon the chemical and physical properties of the drug. b. Recognize any special packaging required for a given dosage form including any additional apparatus necessary for its administration. c. Determine if the product is packaged in compliance with legal requirements and bears no signs of tampering. d. Recognize patient characteristics that require alteration of product packaging. e. Assess the appropriateness of product packaging for a particular patient. Recommend medication doses and dosage schedules based upon relevant patient factors, such as pharmacodynamic, physiologic, and pharmacokinetic parameters. a. Integrate patient and drug information with drug dosing methods to calculate appropriate dosage adjustments. b. Explain dosage recommendations and associated rationale to other health care team members. E. Implement the pharmaceutical care plan. 1. Accurately prepare prescriptions. a. Correctly count, measure, and/or mix preformulated products. b. Correctly label the finished prescription. 2. Accurately compound individual or bulk medications. a. Use correct gravimetric and volumetric measuring procedures to obtain the desired quantity of any formulation component. b. Use good compounding practices in the extemporaneous production of a patient-specific drug delivery system. c. Identify physical and chemical incompatibilities among components of a given formulation. d. Recommend appropriate alternatives to avoid physical and chemical incompatibilities among components of a given formulation. 3. Apply guidelines and standards of practice for preparation, storage, inprocess quality control, and administration of sterile dosage forms and enteral nutrition products in various pharmacy practice settings. a. Use aseptic technique and/or sterilization methods that are appropriate for the pharmaceutical product based on established risk levels. b. Use aseptic technique to prepare sterile pharmaceutical dosage forms. c. Perform proper quality control procedures. d. Evaluate the physical and chemical stability of a given formulation. e. Maintain appropriate documentation. 70 PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE-BASED OUTCOMES Please use this rating scale: 2 = major emphasis, 1 = minor emphasis, 0 = not covered in the course 4. Provide counseling to patients and/or caregivers relative to proper therapeutic self-management. a. Use appropriate sources of patient education information to review indications, adverse effects, dosage, storage, and administration techniques. b. Use effective written, visual, verbal, and nonverbal communication skills when providing medication self-management counseling to patients and/or caregivers. c. Demonstrate proper administration technique for a given drug delivery system. d. Explain any action that should be taken in the event of a missed dose. e. Advise patients on how to avoid potential interactions with other therapies. f. Explain signs and symptoms associated with the common and/or severe adverse reactions to a therapy. g. Explain the significance and frequency of adverse drug reactions and interactions associated with a given therapy. h. Encourage patients/caregivers to contact the pharmacist for further information or advice regarding therapy. 5. Provide counseling relative to the proper use of medical goods and devices. a. Identify manual, audiovisual, and/or computerized sources of patient education information on medical devices and goods appropriate to the specific patient's or caregiver's needs. b. Demonstrate the proper use of the medical goods and devices to help ensure that the patient or caregiver can effectively implement the use of the medical goods and devices. c. Ensure that equipment specific requirements for maintenance, testing, etc., are effectively communicated to the patient or caregiver. F. Document pharmaceutical care activity in the patient's medical record to facilitate communication and collaboration among providers. 1. Develop and maintain a comprehensive database of information relative to each patient. a. Record all patient information accurately, legibly, and succinctly. b. Observe legal and ethical guidelines for protecting the confidentiality of patient information. c. Consolidate and organize information that is already in the 71 PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE-BASED OUTCOMES Please use this rating scale: 2 = major emphasis, 1 = minor emphasis, 0 = not covered in the course patient's medical record to facilitate its review. 2. Record information related to the provision of pharmaceutical care to individual patients. a. Record the patient care plan. b. Record decisions about appropriate drug therapy. c. Record actions taken to achieve desired therapeutic outcomes. d. Document the effectiveness of the drug therapy. G. Display the attitudes, habits, and values required to render pharmaceutical care. 1. Provide pharmaceutical care ethically and compassionately. a. Give the well being of the patient highest consideration in provision of pharmaceutical care. b. Exhibit empathy and a caring attitude when dealing with patients. c. Facilitate the resolution of ethical dilemmas in the provision of optimal pharmaceutical care. d. Respect the dignity and autonomy of individual patients. 2. Provide pharmaceutical care in a professional manner. a. Dress and speak in ways that convey a professional image. b. Maintain personal self-control and professional decorum. Your Rating Manage the Practice A. Manage Pharmacy Operations Establish a mission statement with component goals and actions. Develop a strategic plan to achieve the identified goals. Develop management plans that take into account advances in technology to enhance the delivery of care to patients and future patient care needs. a. Apply management principles. b. Predict future patient care needs & professional service opportunities. Evaluate the achievements of a practice in relation to the established mission, fiscal resources, and customer needs. Continually review the operational functioning of the pharmacy and recommend strategic changes to improve the quality of care provided. Resolve ethical dilemmas that develop in management of the pharmacy practice setting. 72 B. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Manage Medication Distribution and Control Systems Evaluate vendor quality. Ascertain product availability and time required to obtain product from vendor. b. Ascertain dependability of the vendor. c. Select the most cost-effective source of a given product. d. Determine if a reasonable length of expiration time remains when products arrive from the vendor. e. Determine if proper storage and shipment procedures have been followed by the vendor. Select high quality drug products for patients. Apply relevant regulations to product selection from among multisource drug products. Use appropriate references for the evaluation of drug product quality. Perform simple testing procedures to evaluate physical and chemical stability. d. Communicate an evaluation of drug product quality to the patient and/or other health care professionals. e. Identify alternative actions if product quality is compromised. Recognize valid in vitro dissolution and in vivo bioavailability studies. a. Evaluate the validity of experimental designs, analytical methods, and statistical analyses used in bioavailability studies. b. Evaluate in vitro dissolution and in vivo data obtained from relative and absolute bioavailability studies. Select drug products on the basis of bioequivalence and therapeutic equivalence. a. Evaluate the validity of relevant bioequivalence studies. b. Evaluate in vivo/in vitro correlations where appropriate. c. Assess bioequivalence and therapeutic equivalence recommendations embodied in institutional, state and federal formularies, & documents. Determine the reliability of the manufacturer. a. Evaluate the quality control record of manufacturers. b. Consider other factors that are indicative of a manufacturer's attention to quality and address their potential impact on the manufacturer's ability to replicate the product and ensure reliability. Use pharmacoeconomic data in the selection of drug delivery form, amount, and brand vs. generic of a drug product. a. Evaluate pricing information, including relevant pricing structures for products under consideration. b. Evaluate characteristics of the product(s) under consideration that may impact cost and/or therapeutic outcome. c. Determine the availability of pharmaceutical alternatives. Determine the availability of generic counterparts to brand name products. 73 7. Determine and maintain optimal inventory mix/level. a. Apply purchasing and inventory control principles. 8. Maintain records of products received and removed from inventory. Monitor compliance with policies and procedures for inventory management. C. D. E. F. Design, select, implement, and/or manage drug distribution systems for various practice settings. a. Develop appropriate position descriptions for a given drug distribution system. b. Develop and use policies and procedures that provide for quality assurance/control to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of a given drug distribution system. Perform drug control, storage, and security functions in drug distribution. a. Determine which drugs require special storage conditions and insure that these drugs are properly stored. b. Properly dispose of/return those drug products that have expired and/or exceeded their reasonable shelf life. Comply with federal, state, and local laws and related regulations that affect the practice of pharmacy. 13. Apply principles of civil law to the practice of pharmacy. Recognize professional practice situations that may give rise to liability under civil law. b. Predict the likelihood of liability that may arise from errors of omission or commission in professional practice situations involving civil law. Manage Human Resources 1. Maintain a staff of persons capable of fulfilling the practice mission. a. Apply principles of personnel management to recruit hire, train, develop, supervise, motivate, retain, and evaluate support staff. Manage Facilities and Equipment 1. Specify, acquire, maintain, and update facilities and equipment required to fulfill the practice mission. a. Identify deficiencies in facilities design and equipment at an existing practice site. b. Apply relevant regulations and guidelines during the design of facilities to fulfill a specific practice mission. c. Develop/specify information system needs and implement an information management system that meets legal, business, archival, and patient care needs. Manage Fiscal Resources 1. Develop a business plan (budgets, pricing, contract development, and yearly reports) that assures financial success of the practice. a. Apply principles of fiscal management. Manage Change in Response to Professional Evolution 1. Identify actual and potential personnel, technological, financial, or regulatory changes that may impact the practice of pharmacy. 2. Formulate and evaluate strategies to adapt to change. 74 III. Your Rating Manage Medication Use Systems A. Participate in the pharmaceutical care system's process for reporting and managing medication errors and adverse drug reactions. 1. Identify and report medication errors and adverse drug reactions to appropriate individuals and organizations. 2. Manage the incidence of medication errors and adverse drug reactions. a. Evaluate information obtained from adverse drug reaction and medication error reporting systems to identify preventable causes. b. Recommend actions to minimize the occurrence of adverse drug reactions and medication errors. B. Participate in the pharmaceutical care system's process for conducting drug use evaluations. 1. Develop appropriate criteria and outcome indicators. a. Identify appropriate drugs for review. b. Identify appropriate criteria or indicators developed by regulatory agencies. c. Adapt and/or modify existing criteria for use in a given situation. d. Develop criteria and/or indicators based on analysis of the literature. 2. Conduct drug use evaluations. a. Collect data for a drug utilization review. b. Apply criteria to collected drug utilization review data. c. Implement corrective actions to improve drug use. C. Participate in the development, implementation, evaluation, and modification of a formulary system. 1. Develop standards for drug product inclusion in the formulary. a. Compile and evaluate relevant scientific literature and drug use data across patients and prescribers within the system. b. Develop therapeutic interchange guidelines. 2. Implement and manage the formulary system. a. Compile and evaluate data necessary to review therapeutic and/or generic classes of drugs and new products for formulary consideration. Monitor prescriber and pharmacist compliance with formulary standards. Implement corrective action if variances from the formulary standards occur. Communicate with managers and caregivers regarding formulary decisions. D. Apply principles of outcomes research and quality assessment methods to the evaluation of pharmaceutical care. Use appropriate structure, process, and outcome measures to evaluate the quality of pharmaceutical care. Apply elements of continuous quality improvement to pharmaceutical care. 75 Apply appropriate drug use management methods to evaluate the quality of pharmaceutical care. Use appropriate critical pathways, clinical practice guidelines, and disease management protocols in the delivery of pharmaceutical care. Document quality assurance activities according to the specifications of relevant accrediting and regulatory bodies. Use report cards in assessing the quality of health care. Apply principles of pharmacoeconomics in making pharmaceutical care decisions. Apply principles of humanistic outcomes in determining impact of pharmaceutical care services on patient=s quality of life. IV. Your Rating Promote Public Health A. Provide emergency care on a limited basis. 1. Provide emergency first aid treatment and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). a. Identify and evaluate common emergencies including those requiring CPR. b. Determine urgency of the situation and necessity to summon emergency medical service personnel. c. Apply appropriate emergency care in relationship to available personnel, equipment, and facilities. d. Advise patients on the need for further medical evaluation. e. Describe legal and ethical implications of intervention in emergency situations. 2. Provide patients with access to poison control and treatment information. a. Apply effective communication techniques when responding to requests for information on poisoning and drug overdose. b. Consult appropriate resources for identification of the symptoms, signs, and management of a specific poisoning or drug overdose. c. Provide recommendations for management and/or refer patients for further medical evaluation. d. Assist individuals in obtaining emergency transportation to a medical facility. e. Describe legal and ethical implications of intervention in poisoning/drug overdose situations. 76 B. V. Promote public awareness of health and disease. 1. Provide disease prevention/detection programs to the public. a. Assess the needs of the target population relative to disease prevention/detection. b. Select and implement an appropriate strategy to prevent (e.g., immunizations) or detect (e.g., blood cholesterol screening) disease in the target population. c. Provide recommendations for follow-up and/or refer patients for further medical evaluation. d. Evaluate the impact of the program on the target population. Provide Drug Information and Education A. Provide pharmaceutical information to health professionals and the general public. 1. Determine the nature and specific aspects of the request. a. Obtain appropriate background information. b. Establish the urgency of the response. 2. Use sources of information available and applicable to the specific question. a. Recognize the type of content that is available in general (tertiary), secondary, and primary information sources. b. Apply knowledge of the content of general (tertiary), secondary and primary information sources. c. Use abstracting and indexing services to access necessary information. d. Use computerized programs for monitoring and identifying adverse reactions, drug interactions, etc. e. Consult personal and organizational sources of information. 3. Respond to information requests. a. Evaluate information obtained from available sources. b. Provide information applicable to the question/case. c. Use appropriate written and verbal communication techniques to respond to information requests. d. Document responses to information requests. B. Design, develop, and present educational materials tailored to the needs and educational background of a given audience. 1. Identify the educational needs and background of the intended audience. 2. Choose appropriate media to communicate effectively. 3. Choose health education strategies that are appropriate to the type of health care education program. 4. Use health education strategies effectively. 5. Demonstrate effective oral and written communication tailored to the individual needs of the audience and type of setting. 77 Your Rating 6. Evaluate the impact of an educational program on the behaviors/performance of program participants. GENERAL ABILITY-BASED OUTCOMES Please use this rating scale: 2 = major emphasis, 1 = minor emphasis, 0 = not covered in the course I. THINKING Think critically, solve complex problems, and make informed, rational, responsible decisions within scientific, social, cultural, legal, clinical, and ethical contexts. A. Identify, retrieve, understand, analyze, synthesize, and evaluate information needed to make informed, rational, ethical decisions. 1. Systematically gather and generate relevant information using a variety of methods and research tools. 2. Analyze information within interdisciplinary frameworks. a. Identify organizing principles and the logic of arguments. b. Identify and test assumptions, biases, and prejudices implicit in arguments. c. Employ sophisticated mathematical and statistical tools and electronic technology to analyze information. d. Assess accuracy, soundness, fairness, significance, relevance, completeness, and persuasiveness of information, arguments, and information sources. 3. Synthesize information in order to draw conclusions, hypothesize, conjecture alternatives, or decide a course of action. 4. Evaluate conclusions and solutions according to appropriate criteria, and revise as necessary. 5. Provide support for arguments, solutions, and results. B. Solve complex problems that require an integration of one’s ideas and values within a context of scientific, social, cultural, legal, clinical, and ethical issues. 1. Interpret problems within appropriate contexts. 2. Prioritize problems based on identifiable criteria and standards. 3. Apply systematic and intuitive problem-solving strategies. 4. Articulate and implement a defensible solution. 5. Apply appropriate criteria to monitor solution outcomes. 6. Implement solution modifications based on monitoring data. C. Display habits, attitudes, and values associated with mature critical thinking. 1. 2. Evaluate personal assumptions, biases, prejudices, and opinions. Display an openness to new ideas, a tolerance for ambiguity, and incompleteness. 78 Your Rating GENERAL ABILITY-BASED OUTCOMES Please use this rating scale: 2 = major emphasis, 1 = minor emphasis, 0 = not covered in the course 3. 4. Display inquisitiveness and commitment to the pursuit of truth. Adopt multiple perspectives in personal thinking to avoid ethnocentricity and intolerance. II. COMMUNICATION Communicate clearly, accurately, and persuasively with various audiences using a variety of methods and media. A. Read and listen effectively. Recognize the major ideas of written, spoken, audio-visual, and electronic communications. Understand the conventions, organizing principles, and structures of written, spoken, audio-visual, and electronic communications. Interpret ideas and feelings in discursive and aesthetic modes of communication. B. Effectively communicate in speaking and writing, choosing strategies and media that are appropriate to the purpose of the interaction and to the ideas, values, and background of the audience. 1. Speak and write clearly, using logical patterns of organization. 2. Communicate persuasively by establishing trustworthiness, incorporating appropriate use of emotion, and providing sufficient logical arguments and evidence. 3. Adapt topics, content, style, tone, and arguments to the beliefs, attitudes, values, and backgrounds of the audience. 4. Use mechanics and standard conventions appropriate to the medium when speaking, writing, or using electronic communications, unless the purpose of the interaction or audience considerations indicates otherwise. 5. Communicate effectively through a variety of media and strategies. III. VALUING AND ETHICAL DECISION MAKING Make rational, ethical decisions regarding complex personal, societal, and professional situations within a context of personal and professional values. A. Interpret decision making within a context of personal and professional values. 1. Recognize the influence of personal values in personal and professional settings. 2. Identify and test one’s personal values. 3. Respect the values of others within decision making. 4. Integrate personal and professional values into decision making. B. Make and defend rational, ethical decisions. 1. Resolve ethical dilemmas through a systematic decision-making process based on clearly articulated ethical theories and principles. 79 Your Rating GENERAL ABILITY-BASED OUTCOMES Please use this rating scale: 2 = major emphasis, 1 = minor emphasis, 0 = not covered in the course 2. Resolve ethical issues through an analysis of the ethical principles. 3. Evaluate the ethical accountability of actions, intentions, and outcomes. IV. SOCIAL AND CONTEXTUAL AWARENESS Demonstrate the ability to place health care and professional issues within appropriate historical, cultural, social, economic, scientific, political, and philosophical frameworks, and demonstrate sensitivity and tolerance within a culturally diverse society. A. Interpret the context of health care and professional issues in the context of historical, cultural, social, economic, scientific, political, and philosophical frameworks of thinking. B. Demonstrate sensitivity and tolerance within multicultural interactions and settings. V. SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY Demonstrate an appreciation of the obligation to participate in efforts to help individuals and to improve society and the health care system. A. Demonstrate personal growth through volunteer activities in the community. B. Demonstrate leadership abilities in community activities that involve health and human service initiatives focused on individuals or groups. C. Advocate improved professional approaches to meet the pharmacy-related needs of society and individual patients. D. Promulgate a philosophy of care within health care settings. VI. SOCIAL INTERACTION Function effectively in interactions with individuals, within group situations, and within professional organizations and systems. A. Evaluate different types of interpersonal behaviors and their roles in effective social interactions. B. Demonstrate interaction behaviors that are appropriate for a particular interpersonal situation. C. Evaluate the process and outcomes of interpersonal interactions and modify as appropriate. VII. SELF-LEARNING ABILITIES Self-assess learning needs and design, implement, and evaluate strategies to promote intellectual growth and continued professional competence. A. Determine areas of deficiency and/or interest. 1. Identify personal learning style and preferences. 2. Identify strengths and weaknesses within personal approach to learning. 3. Regularly self-assess learning needs for ongoing personal and professional growth. 80 Your Rating GENERAL ABILITY-BASED OUTCOMES Please use this rating scale: 2 = major emphasis, 1 = minor emphasis, 0 = not covered in the course B. Engage in learning activities on an ongoing basis for personal or professional development based on self-determined areas of deficiency and/or interest. 1. Formulate strategies and learning goals to address identified needs for ongoing personal and professional growth. 2. Engage in instructional activities to achieve desired learning goals. 3. Evaluate the efficacy of completed instructional activities for the achievement of desired learning goals. 81 Your Rating Appendix 2 Student and Faculty Awards Student Awards Eli Lily Achievement Award Reference book Superior scholastic performance Professionalism-ethical Facts & Comparisons Excellence In Clinical Communication Award Awarded to student who demonstrates superior verbal and writing clinical communication skills Top 25% of class Cardinal Health Award Leadership Academics Massachusetts Health Award Leadership and academics as member as MPhA Merck and Company Award Scholastic achievement in pharmacy studies Mylan Excellence in Pharmacy Award Superior proficiency in the provision of drug information services High professional motivations and intent to enter into practice Top 25% of class NACDS Academic achievement Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database Recognition Award Student has to exhibit interest in the use of natural medicines Natural Standard Exhibit interest in use of natural medicines Novo Nordisk Pharmacists Focused on Diabetes Award Awarded to students with an interest in working with patients and diabetes Pharmacist Mutual Book Award Awarded to student who deserves special recognition Teva Pharmaceuticals USA Award Awarded to student who excels in the study of pharmacy 82 US Public Health Service Excellence Award Awarded to student who participates in public health service Student Achievement Award Nominated by faculty In good academic standing Displays an extraordinary degree of professionalism or community spirit Doctor of Pharmacy Academic Achievement Award Awarded to student with the highest professional GPA Alumni Association Academic Achievement Award Outstanding student leadership School of Pharmacy Research Scholar Award Awarded to student who exhibits an interest and aptitude for research while on campus Student War Memorial Scholarship Awarded to 6th year student for outstanding academic record Faculty Awards Pharmacy Teacher of the Year Selected from the faculty who teach professional courses in the BS & PharmD programs Preceptor of the Year To recognize the mentoring efforts of pharmacists in their endeavor to foster to promote the profession 83 Appendix 3 Boyer Scholarship Definitions Scholarship of discovery/research: When faculty use their professional expertise to discover knowledge, invent or create original material. Using this definition, basic research, applied research, as well as the creation of innovative computer software, plays or artwork, would be considered the scholarship of discovery. Scholarship of teaching and learning: When faculty use their professional expertise to transmit knowledge to students in teaching and learning contexts (scholarly teaching), study their teaching practice, and engage in activities that contribute to pedagogical thinking in and across their fields. Using this definition, a faculty member who studies student learning outcomes to develop strategies to increase the content knowledge, skills, and attitudes students take away from a course and then shares their findings with other faculty in an effort to improve pedagogy, has engaged in the scholarship of teaching. Scholarship of integration: When faculty use their professional expertise to make connections, integrate, and synthesize knowledge into interdisciplinary contexts, including interpreting work for nonacademic audiences. Using this definition, a faculty member who takes a new landmark research finding and writes about what it means for their discipline, other disciplines, and nonspecialists would be engaging in the scholarship of integration. Scholarship of application/professional service: When faculty use their professional expertise to work in partnership with communities to solve problems of public interest. Using this definition, faculty members who work with schools, other non-profits or governmental agencies to shape public policy, create an architectural design, or develop a program evaluation engage in the scholarship of application. Table 1 Boyer Model of Scholarship Scholarship Purpose Measures of Performance Discovery Build new knowledge through • Publishing in peer-reviewed forums. traditional research. • Producing and/or performing creative work within established field. • Creating infrastructure for future studies. Teaching Study teaching models and • Advancing learning theory through practices to achieve optimal classroom research. learning. • Developing and testing instructional materials • Mentoring graduate students. • Designing and implementing a program level assessment system. Integration Interpret the use of knowledge • Preparing a comprehensive literature across disciplines. review • Writing a textbook for use in multiple disciplines. • Collaborating with colleagues to 84 design and deliver a core course. Application Aid society and professions in addressing problems. • Serving industry or government as an external consultant. • Assuming leadership roles in professional organizations. • Advising student leaders, thereby fostering their professional growth. From Marta Nibert, “Boyer’s Model of Scholarship,” accessed at: http://www.webs1.uidaho.edu/mkyte/ui_strategic_plan_implementation/resources/Boyer%20mo dule%20Pacific%20Crest%20recd%209.4.06.pdf 85 Appendix 4 Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) Annual Notification of Student Rights under FERPA The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) of 1974 as amended affords students certain rights with respect to their own education records. These rights include: 1. The right to inspect and review student education records within 45 days of the day the College receives a request for access. Students should submit to the Office of the Registrar written requests that identify the record(s) they wish to inspect. The Registrar will make arrangements for access within 45 days from the date of such request, and will notify the students of the time and place where the records may be inspected. The College reserves the right to deny a copy of a student education record (including, without limitation, a transcript) for which a financial “hold” exists (a hold is imposed if the student fails to pay bills, fees or fines owed to the College). A hold will not interfere with the right to visually examine student education records. Questions about the College’s policies and practices relating to the Act should be addressed to the Office of the Registrar. 2. The right to request amendment of student education records that students believe are inaccurate or misleading. Students should write the College Registrar, clearly identify the part of the records they want changed, and specify why the records are inaccurate or misleading. If the College decides not to amend the records as requested, it will notify the students of the decision and advise the students of their right to a hearing. Additional information regarding the hearing procedures will be provided to the students when they are notified of the right to a hearing. 3. The right to consent to disclosures of personally identifiable information contained in student education records, except to the extent that FERPA authorizes disclosure without consent. One exception which permits disclosure without consent is disclosure to appropriate parties in connection with a health or safety emergency. Another exception which permits disclosure without consent is disclosure to school officials with legitimate educational interests. A school official is a person employed by the College in an administrative, supervisory, academic or research, or support staff position (including law enforcement unit personnel and health staff); a person or company with whom the College has contracted (such as an attorney, auditor, or collection agent); a person serving on the Board of Trustees; or a student serving on an official committee, such as a disciplinary or grievance committee, or assisting another school official in performing his or her tasks. A school official has a legitimate educational interest if the official needs to review a student education record in order to fulfill his or her professional responsibility. Upon request, the College may disclose student education records without consent to officials of another school in which a student seeks or intends to enroll if the disclosure is for purposes related to the student’s enrollment or transfer. Education records may be compelled and disclosed without consent by, or notice to, the student pursuant to a valid subpoena issued under the USA Patriot Act. Finally, personally identifiable “directory information” may be released freely unless the student files the appropriate form requesting that such information not be 86 released. This form is available at the Office of the Registrar. Directory information includes the following: • Name; • Gender; • Local address and telephone number; • Permanent address and telephone number; • College e-mail address; • Major and minor field(s) of study, including the division or program in which a student is enrolled; • Classification as a freshman, sophomore, junior, senior or graduate, or by number referring to such classes; • Course load, e.g., full-time or part-time; • Participation in officially recognized activities; • Dates of attendance and graduation, and degrees received; • Most recent previous educational institution attended; • Honors and awards received, including selection to a Dean’s list or honorary organization; and • Student ID numbers (but only if coupled with another identifier to access education records). 4. The right to file a complaint with the U.S. Department of Education concerning alleged failures by the College to comply with the requirements of FERPA. The name and address of the Office that administers FERPA are: Family Policy Compliance Office U.S. Department of Education 400 Maryland Avenue, SW Washington, DC 20202-4605 87 Appendix 5 HIPAA Student Agreement I have read and acknowledge the understanding of the School of Pharmacy-Boston policies and procedures regarding the use and discloser of PHI. I have received and completed training through the School of Pharmacy-Boston. I agree not to use or disclose PHI (whether written, oral or in electronic form) both during and after employment with the Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences. I understand the process by which to report any misuse of PHI. I also understand in doing so that there will be no retaliation towards myself or anyone else involved in such reporting. I understand any unauthorized use or disclosure of PHI will result in disciplinary action up to and including dismissal. I understand that all obligations to protect PHI survive my educational experience or the end of any association with The College. I have received previous HIPAA Training: If Yes, where: _____YES _____NO ____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ ____________________________ Print Name ___________________ ID # ___________________________ Signature _________________ Date 88 Appendix 6 Laboratory Safety Issues Policies and Procedures Each instructor and all students must wear protective eyewear (goggles), a white lab coat and closed-toed shoes in the laboratory to protect them from hazardous materials. Slippers are not allowed. Each instructor will review the laboratory safety regulations. Signed Safety Awareness Agreement forms will be collected in each class and returned the Instructor of Record who will keep them on file. The following must be considered when determining safety regulations: 1. The Instructor should be able to explain and practice safe laboratory procedures consistent with the activities and exercises associated with their respective assignments. 2. The Instructor should be familiar with the proper use of all equipment (autoclave, balances, spectrophotometers, pH meters, etc.) used in the laboratory. 3. The Instructor should be instructed in the proper methods for handling: a. biological and chemical spills b. broken glassware c. human blood and other body fluids d. biological and/or chemical waste 4. Instructors, in labs using microorganisms, should be instructed in the methods for: a. aseptic transfer of microbes b. prevention of aerosols c. proper hand washing d. disinfecting lab benches prior to and at the conclusion of each lab session e. autoclaving and other sterilization procedures f. identification of the Biosafety level of each organism in the laboratory 5. Students should never be allowed to: a. eat or drink or use tobacco products (including chewing tobacco) in the laboratory b. apply cosmetics c. handle contact lenses d. place objects (fingers pencils, etc.) in the mouth 6. The Instructor is responsible for: a. reporting all spills or injuries immediately to the Safety Director (call X2900) b. signing the appropriate accident reports 7. The Instructor should be sure all students know the: a. importance of wearing protective equipment (goggles, lab coats, gloves) b. correct methods for using appropriate pipetting devices 89 c. location and proper use of Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) and of emergency equipment (eye wash stations, fire extinguishers, chemical safety showers, telephones and emergency numbers) d. proper steps in the event of an emergency Pregnancy and Work Guidelines Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences is committed to providing employees and students with a safe and healthy environment for work and study. The College recognizes that for those who are pregnant or breast-feeding, precautions in addition to normal safe work procedures and practices may be required. Pregnant laboratory personnel should discuss the work they perform and the hazardous materials they handle with their personal physicians to determine what, if any, work restrictions are needed. Employees are encouraged to inform their supervisor, as soon as possible, when they become pregnant so that an assessment and appropriate modifications can be made to the work situation to minimize risks to the pregnancy. General Laboratory Safety Regulations ALWAYS Keep laboratory doors closed and locked when not in use. Know two ways out of the building and the location of the nearest fire extinguisher. Know the location of the nearest emergency eyewash station. Wear the appropriate personal protective equipment: lab coat, closed-toe shoes, safety glasses, gloves. In case of a chemical spill, evacuate the lab and call the Safety Director, Mr. John Tummino (2861) Consult the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) before working with an unfamiliar chemical. Mr. Tummino, the Safety Director, can supply this information to you. Keep flammable liquids stored in a flammable storage cabinet, NOT UNDER A HOOD. Use an appropriate container for the disposal of syringes and broken glass. Use the appropriate container for glass disposal (“broken glass disposal box”). Inspect equipment before using it and report all defective equipment and unsafe conditions to the Instructor. Label chemical waste with chemical name, solution concentration, date generated, and your name. Keep compressed gas cylinders secured. NEVER Work in the lab alone. Consume food or drink in the lab. Store chemicals under a hood. Block access to the electrical panels. Use equipment with spliced or frayed wires. Block aisles or exits with equipment or storage. 90 Persons to consult for further information: Your laboratory instructor Environmental Health and Safety Director: John Tummino (617-732-2861) Director of Public Safety: (617-732-2143) Web page for safety issues: http://hazard.com/msds/ Medical Emergencies If a medical emergency takes place in the laboratory, the Instructor of Record, Faculty Associate or Instructor must call MCPHS Security (X2900) to report the injury. The student will be transported to an area hospital, if necessary. The Instructor must stay in the laboratory with the remaining students. An Accident Report form must be completed and signed by the Instructor, Faculty Associate, the Instructor of Record, and the Department Chair of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and forwarded to the Dean of the School of Pharmacy-Boston. The Accident Report form may be obtained from John Tummino. As a precautionary measure, never touch blood (wet or dry) without using latex gloves. Do not administer any medication 91 Appendix 7 SAFETY AWARENESS AGREEMENT Pharmaceutics Laboratory Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences By signing this I hereby certify that I have read and understand the safety guidelines in the laboratory portion of this syllabus. I understand that it is required that I abide by the safety guidelines in this laboratory. I will keep a copy of this laboratory syllabus in my possession as long as I am enrolled in this laboratory. I acknowledge that I have been instructed as to the proper procedures and safety regulations in this laboratory. I will notify the laboratory instructor of any accident as soon as possible. I understand that any failure to follow the safety rules may result in my immediate dismissal from the laboratory. ________________________________ _____________________ Student's signature Date ________________________________ _________________ Laboratory Instructor’s signature Date Pharmaceutics Laboratory (M1005) 92
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