Reducing the cost of power monitoring with DC wattmeters M. Asunción Castaño, Sandra Catalán, Rafael Mayo, Enrique S. Quintana-Ortí 1 2 3 3 3 4 Target Is it possible to estimate the total instantaneous power by using just a few lines? 6 7 8 8 8 8 Calibrating the reduced power model Experimentation 10 cpuburn Benchmarks stream hdparm Experimentation 10 Frequencies cpuburn Benchmarks stream hdparm Experimentation 10 Frequencies cpuburn Benchmarks stream hdparm Experimentation Number of cores 10 Frequencies cpuburn Benchmarks stream hdparm Experimentation AMD Multicore platforms Number of cores ITL 10 cpuburn Frequencies Benchmarks stream hdparm Experimentation AMD Multicore platforms Number of cores ITL 12V 10 Collection of power samples benchmark freq # cores P1 P2 P3 ... Pl PT ≈ 4,000,000 samples 72 minutes 11 Computation of the correlation matrix 12 Classification of the l lines into r clusters 13 14 Selection of the representative lines 7 5 3 6 1 4 5 6 7 5 8 7 8 7 8 7 8 3 6 2 4 5 6 8 7 8 7 8 7 8 15 Selection of the representative lines 16 17 17 Selection of the representative lines 18 19 20 20 Experimental validation 22 Evaluate multi-core and multiprocessor systems 22 Evaluate multi-core and multiprocessor systems By Parsec Tutorial 22 Frequencies ITL AMD 1.60 1.73 2.00 1.00 1.20 1.50 23 ITL AMD Frequencies 1.60 1.73 2.00 1.00 1.20 1.50 # Cores 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 1, 2, 4, 6, …, 16 23 ITL AMD Frequencies 1.60 1.73 2.00 1.00 1.20 1.50 # Cores 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 1, 2, 4, 6, …, 16 #Samples ≈ 12,000,000 ≈ 22,000,000 23 Reliability of the reduced model 24 25 0.21% -1.67% 25 1.98% -3.86% 0.21% -1.67% 25 1.62% 25 26 27 28 Conclusions Is it possible to estimate the total instantaneous power by using just a few lines? 30 It is possible to estimate the total instantaneous power by using just a few lines? 30 Calibration of the reduced model Simple, fast and automatic 31 Results Independent of the application, frequency and number of cores Highly accurate 32 Take into account lines with different voltage and platforms with GPU Investigate the minimum number of calibration runs required Build a portable tool 33