United States Patent
[15]
3,672,439
[451 June 27, 1972
Manokhin et al.
[54] MOULD FOR CASTING INGOTS OF
RECTANGULAR CROSS SECTION IN
THE METAL CONTINUOUS CASTING
PROCESS
[72] Inventors: Anatoly Ivanovich Manokhin, ulitsa Kan
dratjuka, 10, kv. 40; Leonid Alexandrovich
3,346,037
3,437,128 10/1967
4/1969
Bungeroth
Poppmeier.....
3,450,188
6/1969
Vallak et al....
3,463,220
3,515,202
8/ 1969
6/1970
Moritz ..... ..
Bick et al...
3,520,352
7/1970
Hess ................................. ..l64/l23 X
FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS
Sokolov, Baikalskaya ulitsa, 40/17, kv. 42,
both of Moscow, U.S.S.R.
[22] Filed:
Feb. 4, 1969
[21] App1.No.: 796,329
....... .. 164/89
1,138,627
185,516
6/1957
5/1969
France ................................. .. 1 64/283
Germany ..... ..
....l64/283
395,167
7/1933
Great Britain ....................... ..249/174
Primary Examiner-J. Spencer Overholser
[52]
U.S.Cl .............................. ..164/283, 164/338, 164/125
[51]
Int. Cl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
[58]
Field ofSearch .................... ..l64/82, 89,273, 283,338,
Attorney-Holman & Stern
. . . . . . ..B22d 11/12, B22d 27/04
.
[56]
Assistant Examiner—.lohn E. Roethel
[5 7]
ABSTRACT
164/123, 125; 249/174
A mold for casting ingots of rectangular cross section in a con
tinuous metal casting process, which is provided with a means
References Cited
for controlling heat Withdrawal from the surface of an ingot
UNITED STATES PATENTS
both in its corners and on its face thereby allowing a skin of a
uniform thickness to be obtained along the entire perimeter of
3,066,364
Baier ................... .._ ................ .. 164/82
2,242,350
Eldred . . . . . . . . .
. . . ..164/89
3,085,303
Steigerwald
.....164/82
3,326,270
Collins et al ........................... .. 164/89
an ingot on its emergence from the mold, with the quality of
the cast ingots being materially improved.
3 Claims, 3 Drawing Figures
l
3,672,439
MOULD FOR CASTING INGOTS OF RECTANGULAR
2
CROSS SECTION IN THE METAL CONTINUOUS
CASTING PROCESS
vention
FIG. 2 is a view taken on line lI-II of FIG. 1, the view look
ing in the direction of the arrows; and
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 3 is a view taken on line III-III of FIG. 1, the view
looking in the direction of the arrows.
The present invention relates to molds for making ingots of
rectangular cross section in a continuous metal casting
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The proposed mold has internal rectangular cross section,
process.
It is known from the prior art that in the continuous casting
of metals the thickness of an ingot‘s shell on its emergence
from a mold should be made sufficient and uniform
and is formed by copper, cooled walls 1 (FIGJ), and the
lower portion thereof is provided with side cut-outs 2 extend
ing by as much as 300 to 500 mm below the level of liquid
metal in the mold. Throughout their height, the cut-outs 2 are
throughout the ingot’s perimeter. In such a case, it is possible
covered with heat-insulating partitions 3 (FIG. 3), and in par
ticular metal or ceramic units spaced by a gap 4 relative to an
break-out of liquid metal poured into the mold.
15 ingot 5 to be formed, which is shown by a dotted line. Heating
However, under the action of the temperature of the liquid
elements 6 sometimes may be provided on the external side of
metal being poured into the mold, the latter is likely to un
the partition 3 for controlling the evolving heat which is
dergo thermal stresses, since its walls are not at a constant
emitted by the partitions 3 on the corners of the ingot 5.
contact in all the points with the surface of an ingot to be cast,
On the internal side of walls 1, below the level of liquid
which results in a non-uniform withdrawal of heat from the in 20 metal in the mold, there are provided longitudinal parallel
got's surface, thereby affecting the rate of crystallization of its
grooves 7 (FIGS. 2 and 3) which are interconnected through
to avoid development of any cracks in an ingot or an eventual
shell.
,
passages 8 and an opening 9 with a source (not shown) of a
It has been established that the rate of crystalline growth in
creases in the ingot’s corners and decreases on its faces. This
coolant being superheated steam to be supplied into the
grooves 7 so as to withdraw heat from the faces of the ingot 5
fact is especially pronounced when casting ingots of rectangu 25
to be cast.
lar cross section and that is why it is necessary to withdraw
heat from the ingot’s faces and to decrease the heat
withdrawal at the ingot’s corners.
Molds were proposed, in which the internal side of the walls
of the mold at which the skin of the ingot 5 possesses a suffi
The starting portion of the grooves 7 is disposed in the part
cient strength, and the grooves 7 are disposed only in the mid
dle portion of walls 1 so that between the extreme grooves and
the partitions 3 there exists a flat area 10 of the wall 1. The
provisions of the grooves 7 in the middle portion of the walls is
required to enable steam to enter into the gap 4 provided
thereof was provided with longitudinal grooves disposed
below the level of the liquid metal to be poured into the mold.
Superheated steam was supplied into the grooves to ensure
heat withdrawal from the ingot’s faces in order to increase the
between the partitions 3 and ingot 5, and not to interfere with
the heat withdrawal in the corners of the ingot.
rate of growth of the shell or skin in these areas. However, it
During the casting of the metal, it is possible to control the
proved to be impracticable to control the heat withdrawal 35
heat withdrawal from the‘ surface of the ingot to be cast by
from the comers of an ingot in the prior-art molds, and the in
varying the degree of heating of the comers of the ingot 5 and
gots thus produced suffered from defects.
above disadvantage by providing a mold permitting the con
rate of the steam supply into the grooves 7, and the heat
withdrawal is controlled within a range required for the forma
trolling of the heat withdrawal in a uniform manner
tion of a skin of a uniform thickness.
throughout the ingot’s perimeter with a view to obtaining the
The invention allows the quality of ingots made by the con
tinuous casting of metals to be improved, which was amply
con?rmed by industrial experimental tests.
It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the
same thickness of shell or skin of an ingot on its emergence
from the mold.
What we claim is:
l. A mold for forming rectangular cross-section ingots hav
SUMMARY OF THE invention
ing a skin of substantially uniform thickness in a continuous
The invention comprehends an improved mold for making
metal casting process comprising walls substantially de?ning
ingots of rectangular cross section in the course of the con
'
the rectangular cross-section of the mold, the edges of the ad
jacent walls being spaced from each other at the corners of the
tinuous casting of metal, with the internal side of the walls of
the mold being provided with grooves communicating with a 50 mold; heat-insulating partitions connecting the adjacent walls
coolant source.
at the comers, said partitions being spaced from the rectangu
In accordance with the invention, heat-insulating partitions
lar mold cross-section to form a gap therebetween; a coolant
source; and grooves communicating with said coolant source
are provided in the corners of the mold with the same being
spaced from the ingot being cast, while the grooves are
and formed in the middle portion of the molding side of each
disposed only in the middle portion of the wall.
55 wall, both said partitions and grooves extending below the
It is advisable to provide heating elements on the external
level of the liquid metal to be poured into the mold.
side of the heat~insulating partitions.
2. The mold as claimed in claim 1 further comprising heat
The present invention will further be made more fully ap
ing elements positioned on the side of said heat-insulating par
parent from a consideration of the following description of an
titions opposite from the rectangular mold cross-section.
exemplary embodiment thereof, taken in conjunction with the 60 ' 3. The mold as claimed in claim 2 wherein the molding side
accompanying drawings, in which:
of each wall has a flat area intermediate said grooves and the
edges of the adjacent walls which are spaced from each other;
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a view in elevation of the mold according to the in
and said coolant is superheated steam.
65
75