Islam
Team Name: A-Team
Presenters: Stacey Oh, Alex Corning, Kurihi Chargualaf
and Corina Lopez
Facts of Islam
• More than1.2 billion believers world
wide
• Dominates in East-and North Africa,
in the larger Middle East, in Central
Asia and in Indonesia
“Islam is the world’s fastest
growing religion today. It is a great
force in Africa, a middling presence
in China and the Soviet Union, a
shareholder in the petropolitics of
the Middle East, in Central Asia and
in Indonesia”
– Carmody and Carmody -
Stacey Oh
• Word “Islam”  “submission” : submission under the will
and guidance of God
• Arabic root (s-l-m) : “salam” = peace
“salama” = safety and security
• Islam: - more than a religion
- cultures
- political ideas
- artistic orientation
Stacey Oh
Muhammad
• Messenger of Islam
• Born in Mecca in 570 C.E.
• Very last prophet in a long line of
prophets sent by God
• Received vision from the angel Gabriel
who urged him to repeat the name of
“your Lord who has created—created
man from a drop.”
Stacey Oh
• Koran: Islamic scriptures reciting of the
revelations he claimed to received for
22 years
• Followers of Muhammad : the lower
class and those who were ripple for a
new social order
• “Hejira”: - 622 A.D. [TURNING POINT]
- travelled to Yathrib
- Islam gained political power
• 630 A.D.: - took over Mecca without
resistance
- Kaaba (temple in Mecca)
became the holiest shrine
• 632 A.D. : Muhammad died
Stacey Oh
MECCA : The Holy City
Stacey Oh
Core Value of Islam
• Belief in Allah as the one true God
• Muhammad was a messenger from God
• Koran: word of God
• Virtue and Morality : integral part of everyday life
• The Last Day - This is the belief that the world will eventually come to
an end. On that day, there will be resurrection and judgment
• Destiny - While Muslims believe that we have free will to choose
between right and wrong, they also believe that Allah knows what our
destiny is
• Unity of all people
• Five Pillars of Islam
Stacey Oh
The Five Pillars of Islam
• A Muslim must carry out five essential duties which are:
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Shahada
Salat
Sawm
Zakah
Hajj
Alex Corning
The Five Pillars of Islam: Shahada
• Shahada means the Declaration of Faith
• A Muslim must acknowledge that, “There is no God, but
Allah and Muhammad is his Prophet.”
• The purpose of the Shahada is to only serve and obey God
• Can achieve Shahada through the teachings and practices
of the Prophet Muhammad
Alex Corning
The Five Pillars of Islam: Salat
• Salat means Prayer
• Muslim Prays Five times a day:
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–
–
–
–
Dawn
Noon
Mid-Afternoon
Dark
After Dark
• Prayers are versus from the Quran and are spoken in
Arabic
• Need a Clear mind to pray
• Perform a Ritual Ablution before prayer
Alex Corning
An Example of a Prayer, “Call to Prayer”
“God is Great. God is Great. God is Great. God is Great.
I testify that there is none worthy of worship except God.
I testify that there is none worthy of worship except God.
I testify that Muhammad is the messenger of God.
I testify that Muhammad is the messenger of God.
Come to prayer! Come to prayer!
Come to success! Come to success!
God is Great! God is Great!
There is none worthy of worship except God.”
Alex Corning
Salat Prayer Movement: Takbir
• Takbir is entering into the
state of prayer by honoring
Allah.
• To begin act of the prayer,
they say,” Allahu Akbar”
meaning God is Great, by
raising the hands to the
ears.
Image From BBC
Alex Corning
Salat Prayer Movement: Qiyaam
• Qiyaam means a short
supplication glorifying God
and seeking his seeking
his protection.
• Notice the Muslim placed
his right hand over their
left on there naval while in
a standing position
Alex Corning
Image From BBC
Salat Prayer Movement: Ruku
• Ruku means bowing
• During Ruku, A Muslim
says, “Glory be to God, the
Most Great” three times
Image From BBC
Alex Corning
Salat Prayer Movement: Brief Qiyamm
• Brief Qiyamm, the person
moves back to an upright
position, Hands on loosely
at the sides at this time
• The Muslim says, “God
listens to the one who
praises Him…To God
belongs all praise…God is
Great”
Alex Corning
Image From BBC
Salat Prayer Movement: Sujud
• Sujud means to prostrate
• In this position, palms,
knees, toes, forehead and
nose must be the only
body parts touching the
ground
Image From BBC
Alex Corning
Salat Prayer Movement: Brief Sitting
• Moving into the sitting
position, they will recite
“God is Great”
• In the the Brief Sitting
position, the person will
pause for a seconds,
either in silence or recite a
shorter prayer.
Alex Corning
Image From BBC
Salat Prayer Movement: Back to Sujab
• The the Muslim will go
back to the Sujud position
• And recite more of the
prayer, “Glory be to God,
the Most High.”
Image From BBC
Alex Corning
Salat Prayer Movement: Tashahhud
• In the Tashahhud, they
recite a set number of
short prayers by praising
God and sending peace on
the Prophet.
• Muslims ask for
forgiveness and mercy and
for God to bless them.
Alex Corning
Image From BBC
Salat Prayer Movement: Peace to the Right
• To end the prayer,
Muslims turn their face to
the right saying, “Peace be
upon you, and the mercy
and blessings of Allah.”
• Right side records all good
actions and thoughts
Image From BBC
Alex Corning
Salat Prayer Movement: Peace to the Left
• Then they turn their head
to the left saying the same
thing.
• Left side records all bad
actions
Image From BBC
Alex Corning
The Five Pillars of Islam: Sawm
• Sawm means fasting
• Muslims fast during Ramadan, the ninth month of the Islamic
Calendar
• Before fasting eat a large meal: Suhur
• All physically and mentally adult Muslims must give up food/drink,
smoking, and sexual activity
• Didn’t Fast, can make a donation to the poor
Alex Corning
Sawm: Reasons Why to Fast
•
•
•
•
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Obeying God
Learning self-discipline
Becoming spiritually stronger
Appreciating God's gifts to us
Sharing the sufferings of the poor and developing sympathy
for them
• Realizing the value of charity and generosity
• Giving thanks for the Holy Quran
• Sharing Fellowship with other Muslims
Alex Corning
Five Pillars of Islam: Zakat
• Two Types of Zakat
– Zakat Al-Fitr
– Zakat Mal
Kurihi Chargualaf
Zakat Al-Fitr
• Related to breaking of the fast of Ramadan
• It is a requirement for everyone to give something to the needy at the
end of Ramadan
• Required giving: 2.2kg of food or its monetary equivalent
Kurihi Chargualaf
Zakat Mal
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•
•
•
First instituted by Muhammad
Similar to the Christian tithe
An offering of charity to the poor
2.5% or 1/40th of a person’s productive assets
Kurihi Chargualaf
What qualifies in the calculations of the
Zakat?
• Whatever productive assets that a Muslim has:
– Money
– Gold
– Financial Instruments
– Livestock
– Business Merchandise
– Etc.
Kurihi Chargualaf
What does not qualify in the calculations of
the Zakat?
• Personal needs
– Food
– Automobile
– Clothing
– Furniture
– Etc.
Kurihi Chargualaf
How should the Zakat be distributed?
•
•
•
•
There is debate over how a Zakat should be distributed.
Some say that it must be given to charity organizations
Some say that it must be given directly to those in need
Some say that the wealth must be given only to the needy in the
places where it was created.
Kurihi Chargualaf
Benefits of the Zakat
• Benefits:
– Detachment from money
– Reminder that a Muslim's possessions are on loan from Allah
– Obeying Allah
Kurihi Chargualaf
Tax Advantages of Donations
• IRS allows for deductions to be made for charitable donations.
• General Requirements:
– To a qualified organization
– To a charitable organization in the U.S.
• Taxpayer is required to provide substantiation (proof) for their
deduction
Kurihi Chargualaf
Five Pillars of Islam: Hajj
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•
•
•
•
•
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The fifth pillar of the Islamic Faith
Pilgrimage to the Islamic Holy City of Mecca
Required by each and every Muslim once in their lifetime
The male pilgrims who are attempting the Hajj are called Hajji
The female pilgrims who are attempting the Hajj are called Hajja
Allah instructed Ibrahim and Ismail to construct the Ka’ba
Muhammad rededicated the Ka’ba to Allah in 630 C.E.
Kurihi Chargualaf
Hajj
Kurihi Chargualaf
Requirements of the Hajj
• Performed in 12th month (Dhu-'I-Hijjaat) at least once in a person’s
lifetime
• All pilgrimages at other times are not considered part of the Hajj
Kurihi Chargualaf
Corina Lopez
Common Misconceptions of Islam
* Muslims are Violent, Terrorists, and Extremists
•
This is the biggest misconception due to stereotypes
and the media. Violence is always linked to Islam,
however the acts of others should not be based on an
entire faith.
* Islam oppresses Women.
•
Many Muslim countries do have laws that oppress
woman, however they are not ruled by Islamic law. The
Qur'an includes the different roles of men and women,
and a balance between the two.
Corina Lopez
*Muslims
worship a different God
'Allah' is the Arabic word for God. It is their word of preference to call their God.
Muslims, Christians, and Jews worship the same God.
All Muslims are Arabs
*
One out of five people in the World are Muslim. They all come from different races,
nationalities, and cultures.
Muhammad was the founder of Islam and Muslims
worship him.
*
Muslims honor him for his struggles and dedication to deliver the message of God. He
was the last messenger of the message, but is not the founder of Islam.
Corina Lopez
Corina Lopez
QUIZ
1)
2)
3)
4)
What was the TURNING POINT event of the Islam called?
How many pillars of Islam are there?
Where do Muslims travel to in order to fulfill the Hajj?
True or False: All Muslims are Arab?
Quiz Answers
1.
2.
3.
4.
Hejira
5
Mecca
False
Word cited
•
•
•
•
•
•
http: //i-cias.com/e.o/islam.htm.
http://prophetofislam.com
Http://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/profilesmuchammed.html
http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/galleries/salah/
http://www.islam101.com/dawah/pillars.html
Visser, H. Islamic Finance: Principles and Practice. Cheltenham,
U.K.: Edward Elgar, 2009. Print.
• http://www.csupomona.edu/~plin/ews431/islam3.html
Works Cited
Ahmad, Huma. "Top Ten Misconceptions about Islam." Inter
Islamic Net. Web. 29 Nov. 2011.
<http://bimcrot.tripod.com/sv/misc.html>.
Photos
Misconceptions about Islam
http://5magazine.files.wordpress.com/2010/09/islam20a620web
1.jpg
The World Muslim Population
http://iamasiam.typepad.com/.a/6a010536eac011970c0120a5ce
a7a0970b-800wi