1. No category

3M Battery Materials
™
Powering
Future
the
Cost saving technologies for more powerful,
smaller, safer and longer-lasting batteries
3M Battery Materials
™
Enabling
technologies for
reliable
battery power
Electric vehicles are fast becoming a reality around the world. Hybrid,
plug-in hybrid, and full electric automobiles all require advanced
batteries with unique characteristics. At the same time, today’s mobile
society has created a growing demand for handheld electronics –
including smart phones, GPS, media players and digital recording
devices – that are smaller and offer more power-hungry features.
These trends have spurred the need for batteries that are more
powerful, smaller, safer and longer-lasting – attributes that are the
hallmark of 3M Battery Materials.
™
2
Energizing a new generation of
high-performance lithium ion batteries
3M has collaborated extensively with universities, government research
organizations and customers as a supplier of lithium ion battery
materials for more than 15 years. Add to that experience a portfolio of
more than 40 core technologies – including nanotechnology, adhesive,
precision coating, fluoromaterials and more. You can see why battery
manufacturers around the world depend on 3M for the advanced
materials they need to build new and better batteries.
3M battery materials have proven their utility and reliability in both
small and large format applications. All can be tailored to meet specific
performance and process requirements, and are available globally
in commercial-scale quantities. And 3M can help you integrate
materials to optimize product performance and meet special
application requirements.
3M’s broad battery materials portfolio includes:
• Anode powders
• Cathode powders
• Electrolyte (salt and additives)
• Assembly solutions
A global partner, committed
to your success
3M maintains battery research
laboratories in the USA, Korea,
Japan and China, and can provide
technical and sales service in nearly
every country in the world. These
laboratories are equipped to test and
develop materials in actual battery
environments. In collaboration with
leading university and government
researchers around the world, 3M is
helping to pioneer the next generation
of innovative battery technologies.
Because of these capabilities –
and our commitment to long-term
development of next-generation
energy technologies – you can
count on 3M to help you compete
more effectively in today’s fastchanging marketplace.
• Thermal management fluids
Visit our website at 3M.com/batterymaterials
for detailed information on these products and more.
3
3M Battery Materials
™
Anode Powders
3M Battery Anode Cycling Performance
2500
1.10
1.09
L-19725 18650 cell hand
made in lab (not optimum)
68% retention/500 cycles
2000
3M Battery Anode silicon (Si) compositions have shown excellent
cycling and high rate characteristics suitable for a wide variety of
consumer electronics applications. Thermal stability of anode Si
compositions are comparable to conventional graphite systems.
In addition, 3M water based coating formulations have been
designed to fit into conventional graphite coating processes for
simplified manufacturing.
Capacity (mAh/g)
™
1.08
1.07
1.06
1.05
1500
1.04
Commercially made Sn-based cell:
61% retention/500 cycles
1000
1.03
1.02
1.01
Coulombic Efficiency
3M has pioneered the development of revolutionary silicon-based
anode compositions. With twice the volumetric and gravimetric
energy density of graphite anodes, 3M Battery Anode can increase
cell capacity by 20% or more, depending on cathode energy density
and cell design.
1.00
500
0.99
99.96% CE
0.98
0
100
200
300
400
0.97
500
Cycle Number
3M Battery Anode Thermal Stability
200
Commercial Graphite (0.8 m2g)
Cell Temperature (°C)
160
The Science of
3M Battery Anode
Si Composition (1 m2g)
120
80
40
Dependability
160°C 18650 Hotblock Test
NMC Cathode
0
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Time (Seconds)
Cathode Powders
NMC cathode materials can be tailored through changes
in composition and morphology to meet the most demanding
customer requirements. Applications of NMC cathode powders
include high energy handheld consumer electronics to large format
high power automotive and grid stabilization applications. 3M cathode
materials are available for purchase from authorized 3M licensees.
3M Cathode
Materials
Cost Optimized
NMC Cathode
Materials
– Cost–Optimized
Cathode Raw Material Costs
($/kg)
™
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
LCO
NCA
NMC
(111)
NMC
(442)
Cathode Material Type
160°C Hot-Block Test
200
160
Heat Flow (W/g)
3M Battery Cathode technology utilizes unique layered mixed metal
oxide formulations of nickel, manganese and cobalt (NMC). This 3M
proprietary chemistry provides an outstanding balance of power,
energy, and safety characteristics optimized for your application. Its
lower cobalt content maximizes performance, while
providing low and stable pricing. 3M NMC cathode
technology enables battery designs with low cost
($/Wh) and high performance.
120
NMC (111)/Graphite
(1.6Ah)
NMC (111)/3M Alloy Anode (2.6Ah)
Commercial LiCo02/Graphite (2.6Ah)
80
40
0
4
10 µm
2 µm
0
1000
2000
Time (s)
3000
4000
Electrolyte Additives
3M Battery Electrolyte Improves Cell Life
Cell Capacity (mAh)
2200
3M’s ability to synthesize new molecules and evaluate their impact in
lithium ion batteries has led to electrolyte additives that are proven to
enhance performance and reduce cost.
704Aw1a Control
2100
706w1a 2% 3M Additive
2000
708w1a 4% 3M Additive
1900
1800
3M Fluorad Battery Electrolyte HQ-115
™
1700
1600
1500
0
50
100
150
Cycle #
200
250
300
Cell capacity of 18650 with and without 3M Battery
Electrolyte additive at 50°C (discharge rate 1°C)
Chemical Cell Balancing
™
3M Fluorad Battery Electrolyte HQ-115, Lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, is used as both an additive in lithium ion batteries and as
the primary salt in lithium polymer batteries. Used in many high capacity
lithium ion cells, electrolyte HQ-115 in additive concentrations of less than
5% has improved capacity retention and cycle life at high temperatures.
Electrolyte HQ-115 has also been shown to reduce swelling and gas
generation, which can simplify safe battery cell design.
3M Redox Shuttle BE-3.9V
™
Charging pack
Charging Time
Full charge (one cell)
Shuttle plus balancing
-Weak cells catching up
Shuttle
All cells shuttling
-Balance achieved
Shuttle
Shuttle
Shuttle
3M Redox Shuttle additive can provide chemical cell
balancing and overcharge protection
This revolutionary battery electrolyte additive provides a chemical means
of battery cell balancing and overcharge protection. Designed to work with
LFP cathode chemistry, the 3M Redox Shuttle can simplify the electronics
needed for cell balancing and significantly reduce the cost of a battery
pack. Higher voltage shuttle additives other than lithium ion battery
chemistries are under development.
Leveraging 3M’s expertise in electrode surface chemistry,
extensive research is underway to identify new additives that
will extend battery calendar life, improve performance at low
and high temperatures and operate safely at higher voltages.
Higher
Performance,
Lower Costs
5
3M Battery Materials
™
Assembly Solutions
3M is a global leader in tapes, thermal materials, abrasives,
adhesives and EMI management products. 3M’s broad
portfolio includes:
• Heat and corrosion resistant tapes used for edge sealing,
tab protection, and current collector bonding
• Thermally conductive tapes, pads and adhesives that provide
efficient heat transfer between components
• E lectrically conductive tapes for secure grounding and bonding
of electronic circuitry
• Flame-Retardant Insulating Papers for high temperature electrical
insulation applications and isolation of battery components
• E MI shielding and absorbing material to control electromagnetic
interference
• Structural adhesives for pack rigidization
• Thermal conductive film to replace aluminum heat sinks
Faster
™
6
™
™
Assembly
Greater Reliability
3M Liquid Epoxy Adhesives –
Including 3M Scotch-Weld Adhesives,
deliver the performance and cost
efficiencies you need for a broad
spectrum of battery assembly
applications. 3M also offers a broad
range of Electronic Grade Adhesives.
™
3M EMC Products can provide EMI/RFI shielding
and absorbing, static charge grounding, anti-static
masking, cushioning, mechanical protection and
conductive properties for a wide variety of applications.
3M Light Cure Adhesive – Create
an adhesive bond instantaneously
with 3M Light Cure Adhesive. This
high viscosity adhesive usually cures
in less than 10 seconds, forming a
flexible bond. With such fast curing,
you can reduce processing times for
many applications.
™
™
3M Thermally Conductive
Interface Acrylic Pads provide
high temperature adhesion with good
dielectric strength. Applies quickly
and easily using die-cut shapes.
™
3M High Temperature Tapes
provide masking protection for a
variety of applications and can
withstand temperature ranges from
-100°F (38°C) up to 500°F (260°C).
™
Thermal Management Fluids
Precise thermal management of large format lithium ion batteries can help extend
battery cycle life and improve performance and safety. 3M Novec Engineered Fluids
are widely used in the electronics industry for direct contact cooling, due to their high
dielectric constant and non flammability. Novec fluids can also be used to control
battery temperature through a unique two-phase, direct contact immersion cooling
system. Novec Engineered Fluids are available in a wide range of boiling points and offer
good material compatibility. 3M heat transfer experts are ready to work with battery
manufacturers to design low cost cooling systems using Novec fluids.
™
™
Thermal Management Materials
Direct contact cooling with 3M Novec Engineered Fluids
helped enable the development of dense electronics, such Advancement in battery technology and the shift from hybrid to plug-in hybrid to full
as supercomputers and power converters.
™
™
electric vehicles have led to an increase in heat generation. High temperatures will reduce
battery life, making improved thermal management essential for optimal performance.
That’s where we can help.
Battery Cooling
3M Thermal Interface Materials provide efficient thermal transfer for long-term
reliability and performance optimization. 3M Thermal Interface Materials have a proven
track record of durability and high thermal performance in a variety of environmental
conditions to meet the demanding needs of applications today and in the future. 3M
provides a full selection of products to meet customer process and performance
requirements, including thermally conductive pads, adhesives, and greases.
™
Battery Pack
Heat-spreading layer, mechanical
support, power supply routing surface
or heat sink
Base
Thermal
Interface
Materials
Durability of interface: Durability of the thermal
interface is important to support efficiency in
different environmental conditions. 3M products
have shown excellent durability through vibration
and accelerated aging tests.
3M Thermal Interface Materials
™
Product
3M ID #
Description
5590H (higher
3M Thermally
thermal conductivity) Acrylic pads, 0.5mm
Conductive Pads*
and thicker
5589H (softer)
™
8805
3M Thermally
Conductive Tapes 8810
™
3M Thermally
Conductive
Adhesives
™
TC 2810
TC 2707
TCG-2033
3M Thermally
Conductive Grease TCG-2037
™
8815
8820
Features
High Thermal Conductivity
Excellent Gap Filling
Die cut to size and shape
High adhesion
Acrylic double-sided tapes,
Die cut to size and shape
0.5 mm and thinner
Excellent wet-out
Ultra-thin bond line
Epoxy adhesives
Higher thermal conductivity than tape
Higher shear, peel strength than tape
Thin bond line offers low impedance
Non-silicone greases
Screen-printable version available
Ultra-high performance
* For applications using a thermal pad, the 3M Acrylic Thermal Pads are slightly tacky on one side for generally acceptable
assembly adhesion in many applications. If higher adhesion is desired, 3M suggests the testing of the
3M Acrylic Adhesive Transfer Tape 9461.
The tack adhesion strength of the 3M Thermal Pads is sufficient for holding the product in place for assembly and use, etc. in
many applications. The end use design of the “LED Structure/Thermal Pad/Heat Sink” does require an added mechanical
means of assembly to ensure long term mechanical integrity and thermal performance.
3M also offers a line of silicone based thermal pads ranging in thermal conductivity from 1.0 W/mK to 4.1 W/mK. Please contact
3M for additional product information and inquire about 3M Thermally Conductive Pads 5591s, 5592, 5595, 5516 and 5519.
™
Cooler,
more reliable
™
devices
7
3M Battery Materials
™
Today’s
Answers – Tomorrow’s
Breakthroughs
3M manufactures over 50,000 products, derived from 40+ core technologies,
ranging from microreplication and nanotechnology to precision coatings.
These technologies can be combined in an almost unlimited number of ways,
to create unique solutions to your most difficult business challenges. Whether
your need is to improve system reliability, speed assembly, reduce per-unit
cost or improve performance, we invite you to put 3M science to work for you!
3M Battery Materials are
part of 3M’s broad portfolio of
technologies for electronics
manufacturing, which includes
specialty adhesives, tapes,
separator membranes, gaskets,
heat transfer fluids, cleaning
and deposition solvents,
semiconductor materials and
more. All are engineered to
help improve productivity and
throughput, while enhancing the
reliability and performance of
your finished products.
Rf
Reclosable
Fasteners
™
Ab
Am
Abrasives
Ac
Dd
Acoustics
Drug
Delivery
Ad As
Adhesives
Pc
Application
Software
Advanced
Materials
Cp
Chemical
Power
Source
Dm
Fs
Display
Materials
Filtration,
Separation,
Purification
Precision
Coating
Nt
Pe
Rp
Predictive
Engineering
& Modeling
Radiation
Processing
Pm
Sm
Polymer Melt
Processing
Nanotech
Specialty
Materials
Ir
Md
Mi
Nm
Po
Su
Immune Response
Modifiers
Medical Data
Management
Microbial
Detection &
Control
Nonwoven
Materials
Porous
Materials &
Membranes
Surface
Modification
Bi
Do
Fc
Im
Is
Me
Mo
Pd
Pr
Wo
Biotech
Dental &
Orthodontic
Materials
Flexible Converting
& Packaging
Imaging
Integrated Systems
Design
Metal Matrix
Composites
Molding
Particle &
Dispersion
Processing
Process Design
& Control
Wound
Management
Fo
Ip
Lm
Ce
Ceramics
Ep
Fiber
Optics
Inks &
Pigments
Electronic
Packaging
Light Management
Fl
Fluorinated
Materials
Pp
Tt
Vp
Precision
Processing
Track
& Trace
Vacuum
Processing
Fi
Mr
Films
Microreplication
For more information, visit us at www.3M.com/batterymaterials
United States
3M Electronics Markets
Materials Division
800 810 8513
Canada
3M Canada Company
Specialty Materials
800 364 3577
China
3M China Ltd.
86 21 6275 3535
Europe
3M Belgium N.V.
32 3 250 7521
Japan
Sumitomo 3M Limited
813 3709 8250
Korea
3M Korea Limited
82 2 3771 4114
Taiwan
3M Taiwan Limited
886 2 2704 9011
Technical Information and Data: Technical information and data, recommendations, and other statements provided by 3M are based on information, tests, or experience which
3M believes to be reliable, but the accuracy or completeness of such information is not guaranteed. Such technical information and data are intended for persons with knowledge
and technical skills sufficient to assess and apply their own informed judgment to the information.
Important Notice: This 3M material is a developmental material that has not been introduced or commercialized for general sale, and its formulation, performance
characteristics and other properties, and availability are not guaranteed and are subject to change without notice. User is responsible for evaluating and determining whether a
3M material is suitable and appropriate for a particular use and intended application.
Disclaimer of Warranty: This 3M material is made available as “AS IS”. 3M MAKES NO WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, ANY IMPLIED
WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY ARISING OUT OF A COURSE OF DEALING, CUSTOM, OR USAGE OF
TRADE.
Limitation of Liability: Except where prohibited by law, 3M SHALL NOT UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES BE LIABLE TO BUYER FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL,
INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, DOWNTIME, LOSS OF PROFITS, REVENUE, BUSINESS, OPPORTUNITY, OR GOODWILL)
RESULTING FROM OR IN ANY WAY RELATED TO THIS 3M DEVELOPMENTAL MATERIAL. This limitation of liability applies regardless of the legal or equitable theory under
which such losses or damages are sought including breach of contract, breach of warranty, negligence, strict liability, or any other legal or equitable theory.
Electronics Markets
Materials Division
3M Center, Building 224-3N-11
St. Paul, MN 55144-1000
1-800-810-8513
www.3M.com/batterymaterials
Please recycle. Printed in USA.
© 3M 2011. All rights reserved.
Issued: 9/11. 7043HB
60-5002-0540-0
3M, Fluorad, Novec and Scotch-Weld
are trademarks of 3M company.
Used under license by 3M
subsidiaries and affiliates.