1. No category

Macro Update
Tuesday, November 11, 2014
Analyst Contacts:
Contacts:
Holly Stewart (713) 393393-4512
[email protected]
Alonso GuerraGuerra-Garcia (713) 393393-4511
[email protected]
•Howard Weil is a division of Scotia Capital (USA) Inc., a member of the Scotiabank group, and represents Scotiabank’s energy equities business in the United States.
•For all relevant disclosures and certifications see Appendix A Important Disclosures of this report.
Conclusions…
Weekly taketake-aways
Production – Total U.S. coal production for the week ending November 1 rose ~3% y/y to 19 mm tons. YTD supply is now down 3.6 mm tons.
Pricing –
Regional Pricing – CAPP and PRB pricing rose ~1.5% and 2.5% to $57.95/st and $12.15/st, respectively. All other tracked pricing regions remained
essentially unchanged during the week.
International Pricing – The Newcastle thermal price fell ~2% to $61.85/mt, the lowest level since April 2009 and down 27% from year-end 2013.
Coal Carloads – Compared to the same week last year, average weekly Eastern carloads were down ~1% and Western carloads increased 3%.
Eastern carloads fell ~4.5% from the previous week, while Western volumes were down ~1.5% w/w.
CoalCoal-fired vs. GasGas-fired Economics – CAPP coal is out of the money for the fifth consecutive week as the eastern natural gas price trades
around $3.65/mcf. The coal-fired fleet burning PRB coal remains economic at current gas prices.
Steel Utilization – Domestic steel plant utilization for the week ending November 10 rose ~1.5% to 76.5%.
Monthly updates
Australian Coal Exports – Total Australian export volumes for the month of September increased ~8% vs. last year to 32.9 mt, though
declined ~3% m/m. 2014 YTD volumes are ~9.5% higher than 2013.
Met Coal Exports – Australian met coal exports for September rose ~5.5% y/y to 16.2 mt. Additionally, exports increased ~2% from August levels.
Thermal Coal Exports – September thermal exports increased to 16.7 mt, up ~11% y/y, but declining ~8% m/m.
Page 2
Weekly Updates…
Page 3
Domestic Coal Supply
Weekly production
W ee k ly Pro duction by Re gion ( m m to ns)
W ee k 4 4
Regio n
Appalachian
Interio r
1 -N o v-1 4
4.9
2 -N ov-1 3
4.7
% change
5 -yr avg
5.7
Y /Y
3.0%
5 -yr avg
-14.2%
10.6%
3.5
3.4
3.1
3.9%
W estern
10.6
10.4
11.1
2.4%
-4.3%
To tal
1 9 .0
1 8.5
1 9 .9
2 .8 %
-4 .8 %
YearYear-toto-date production
YTD Pro duction by Region (m m to ns)
Regio n
2014
To-Date
2013
5 -yr avg
Total U.S. coal production for the week ending
November 1 rose ~3% y/y to 19 mm tons when
compared to the same week last year.
% change
Y /Y
5 -yr avg
Appalachian
227.9
231.0
266.2
-1.4%
-14.4%
Interio r
W estern
156.4
154.8
140.1
1.1%
11.6%
442.6
444.7
472.5
-0.5%
-6.3%
To tal
8 2 6 .9
8 3 0 .5
8 78 .8
-0 .4 %
-5 .9 %
2014 production is 3.6 mm tons below that of
2013.
2013 ended the year with 984 mm tons produced,
32.5 mm tons below that of 2012.
Page 4
Coal Pricing…futures picture
C APP F utures Pricing - W eek ly C hanges
C urrent W eek Previous W eek % C hange
1 Q1 5
$56.15
$55.40
1 .4 %
2 Q1 5
$56.55
$56.15
0 .7 %
3 Q1 5
$56.85
$56.75
0 .2 %
4 Q1 5
$57.45
$57.50
-0 .1 %
Average
$ 5 6 .7 5
$ 5 6 .4 5
0 .5 %
$56.52
PRB F utures Pricing - W eek ly C hanges
C urrent W eek Previous W eek % C hange
1 Q1 5
$12.10
$11.70
3 .4 %
2 Q1 5
$12.40
$12.00
3 .3 %
3 Q1 5
$12.90
$12.35
4 .5 %
4 Q1 5
$13.20
$12.95
1 .9 %
Average
$ 1 2 .6 5
$ 1 2 .2 5
3 .3 %
Page 5
Coal Pricing…domestic spot market
C APP
PRB
W estern Bit
N APP
Illinois Basin
W eek ly C om parisons
11/8/2014
11/1/2014
Weekly Change
11/8/2013
Annual Change
12 Month High
12 Month Low
$57.95
$57.15
1.4%
$61.95
-6.5%
$67.75
$55.40
$12.15
$11.85
2.5%
$11.00
10.5%
$13.60
$11.00
$32.25
$32.25
0.0%
$41.00
-21.3%
$41.00
$32.25
$60.50
$60.50
0.0%
$62.35
-3.0%
$62.40
$59.50
$40.85
$40.85
0.0%
$39.00
4.7%
$46.50
$39.00
Quarterly C om parisons (Avg.)
1Q09
2Q09
3Q09
4Q09
1Q10
2Q10
3Q10
4Q10
1Q11
2Q11
3Q11
4Q11
1Q12
2Q12
$69.35
$57.10
$52.45
$55.30
$58.70
$63.38
$68.45
$71.28
$77.55
$78.83
$80.20
$78.79
$67.53
$63.65
$13.00
$8.77
$8.79
$8.90
$11.28
$12.20
$14.43
$13.59
$13.83
$12.73
$14.42
$13.53
$9.58
$8.30
$73.00
$42.23
$43.62
$39.31
$40.00
$40.00
$40.08
$41.00
$41.00
$41.00
$41.00
$41.00
$41.00
$41.00
$67.13
$45.04
$46.62
$50.97
$59.29
$60.98
$66.44
$69.54
$73.98
$77.70
$77.05
$62.95
$67.13
$60.33
$55.50
$39.46
$38.22
$38.65
$38.63
$39.38
$42.27
$44.54
$45.00
$45.00
$45.00
$48.29
$53.78
$47.53
3Q12
$63.05
$8.99
$41.00
$60.28
$43.58
4Q12
$66.21
$10.09
$41.00
$60.58
$38.57
1Q13
$65.70
$10.37
$41.00
$60.96
$38.85
2Q13
$66.84
$10.67
$41.00
$62.30
$40.06
3Q13
$60.96
$10.87
$41.00
$63.37
$39.22
4Q13
$61.56
$11.01
$40.92
$62.29
$39.20
1Q14
$63.10
$11.61
$40.00
$62.20
$40.98
2Q14
$65.20
$13.22
$37.29
$61.49
$41.70
3Q14
$58.00
$11.68
$32.92
$60.21
$42.05
4Q14
$57.26
$12.01
$32.25
$60.33
$40.75
Q/Q Change (4Q14 vs. 3Q14)
-1.3%
2.8%
-2.0%
0.2%
-3.1%
Y/Y Change ('14 vs. '13)
-4.5%
13.1%
-13.1%
-1.9%
5.2%
Weekly pricing
CAPP and PRB pricing rose ~1.5% and 2.5%
to $57.95/st and $12.15/st, respectively.
All other tracked pricing regions remained
essentially unchanged during the week.
Quarterly pricing
For the first time in eight consecutive Qs,
the PRB saw negative pricing activity in 3Q,
down ~12% q/q, while the CAPP and
Western Bit moved 11% and ~12% lower,
respectively. ILB was the lone gainer at
~1%.
Source: Platts Coal Trader
Page 6
Spot Pricing…international markets
Australia Coal Pricing*
$ /m etric tonne
$200
Australian spot pricing
$150
For the week ending November 1,
Newcastle pricing fell ~2% to $61.85/mt.
Pricing has continued its downward spiral,
with prices averaging their lowest level since
April 2009.
$100
$50
$0
Source: Bloomberg
* Newcastle 6700 kc GAD fob steam coal spot price
2 0 09
$71.12
$66.01
$71.84
$78.55
$ 71 .8 8
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Y ear
2 01 0
$95.05
$99.69
$93.82
$108.26
$9 9 .2 1
20 1 1
$127.72
$119.97
$120.50
$113.93
$1 2 0.5 3
2 0 12
$112.29
$94.49
$86.15
$84.25
$ 94 .2 9
2 01 3
$91.33
$85.38
$77.06
$82.02
$8 3 .9 5
20 1 4
$77.43
$72.73
$67.96
$63.40
% C hange
-15.2%
-14.8%
-11.8%
-22.7%
We ek End
11/1/2013
11/7/2014
10/31/2014
% Change
$80.60
$61.85
$63.00
-2 3 .3 %
-1.8%
NW Europe Coal Pricing*
$ /m etric tonne
$225
$175
European spot pricing
$125
Spot pricing in NWE declined 2.5% w/w to
$72.23/mt. The drop in the European
thermal market has been a persistent
theme since late 2012.
$75
$25
Source: Bloomberg
* North West Europe steam coal marker
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Ye ar
2009
$69.85
$65.22
$69.27
$77.24
$ 7 0 .3 9
2010
$78.17
$88.47
$92.66
$109.38
$ 9 2 .1 7
2011
$123.27
$124.33
$124.04
$114.51
$ 1 2 1 .5 4
2012
$100.57
$89.47
$90.93
$88.77
$ 9 2 .4 3
2013
$86.39
$79.87
$76.27
$84.28
$ 8 1 .7 0
2014
$79.00
$74.51
$75.51
$72.77
% C hange
-8.5%
-6.7%
-1.0%
-13.7%
W ee k End
11/1/2013
11/7/2014
10/31/2014
% C hange
$85.66
$72.23
$74.11
-1 5 .7 %
-2 .5 %
Page 7
Coal vs. Gas Economics
Coal vs. Gas Economics
Assum ptio ns
Power price ($/Mwh)
Fuel costs ($/ton)
C oal price
Transportation cost
Total fuel cost
Emissions costs
SO2 cost
NOx cost
Total emissions costs
Total coal cost (per ton)
To tal fue l co st (pe r m m btu)
Heat rate of plant (mmbtu/MWh)
Total coal cost ($/MWh)
Gro ss m argin ($/M W h)
Dark Spread C alculatio n
PRB
C entral App
$39.85
$37.10
Spark Spread C alculation
PRB
C e ntral App
$39.85
$37.10
$1 1 .8 5
$25.00
$36.85
$ 5 7.1 5
$12.00
$69.15
$0.01
$0.00
$0.01
$36.86
$ 2 .0 9
10.0
$20.94
$0.01
$0.00
$0.01
$69.16
$2 .8 8
10.0
$28.82
$ 3 .5 7
7.5
$26.78
$ 3 .6 4
7.5
$27.30
$1 8 .9 1
$8 .2 8
$ 1 3 .08
$ 9 .8 0
Source: Platts Coal Trader & Megawatt Daily, Howard Weil, Inc.
CAPP coal is out of the money for the fifth consecutive week as the eastern natural gas
price trades around $3.65/mcf. The coal-fired fleet burning PRB coal remains
economic at current gas prices.
Page 8
Coal Carloads
(in carloads)
W eek ly C o m pariso ns
Week 44 - 2014
Week 43 - 2013
Weekly Change
Week 44 - 2013
Annual Change
12 Month High
12 Month Low
UN P
C SX
N SC
BN I
34,792
34,926
-0.4%
32,731
6.3%
36,369
29,615
21,928
23,772
-7.8%
20,683
6.0%
27,234
14,540
21,047
21,285
-1.1%
22,795
-7.7%
28,234
17,908
44,877
46,008
-2.5%
44,604
0.6%
48,077
36,099
Quarte rly C om parisons (Avg.)
1Q10
2Q10
3Q10
4Q10
1Q11
2Q11
3Q11
4Q11
1Q12
2Q12
3Q12
4Q12
1Q13
2Q13
3Q13
4Q13
1Q14
2Q14
3Q14
4Q14
Q/Q Change (4Q14 vs. 3Q14)
Y/Y Change (4Q14 vs. 4Q13)
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Y/Y Change ('13 vs. '12)
39,542
36,376
39,994
38,932
41,245
37,204
43,064
41,723
37,359
31,084
37,576
34,541
30,752
31,203
35,063
30,868
33,016
31,456
34,606
31,456
-9.1%
1.9%
38,155
38,711
40,809
35,140
31,971
-9.0%
28,009
28,714
28,361
27,305
28,315
27,976
27,754
26,772
23,694
23,321
22,990
21,348
21,127
21,885
21,014
20,117
20,999
23,518
22,192
23,518
6.0%
16.9%
28,538
28,098
27,704
22,838
21,036
-7.9%
27,500
28,750
28,856
28,535
30,565
29,288
29,343
29,580
26,309
25,961
25,598
25,839
25,857
25,399
24,982
23,631
22,266
25,952
24,093
25,952
7.7%
9.8%
26,392
28,410
29,694
25,927
24,967
-3.7%
44,532
45,820
47,132
48,313
45,645
41,515
42,273
48,140
43,231
37,676
43,922
42,030
42,276
39,942
46,093
43,080
43,706
42,352
43,121
42,352
-1.8%
-1.7%
45,940
46,449
44,393
41,715
42,848
2.7%
Eastern Rail Cars (CSX & NSC)
Avg. Eastern coal carloads were down ~1%
this week compared to the same week last
year.
Eastern coal carloads fell ~4.5% from last
week.
Western Rail Cars (BNI & UNP)
Compared to the year ago week, avg.
Western coal carloads gained 3%.
Western coal carloads decreased ~1.5%
w/w.
Source: Companies & Howard Weil, Inc.
Page 9
Steel Plant Utilization
Steel Plant Capacity Utilization
100%
Domestic Weekly
For the week ending November
10, steel plant utilization fell
~1.5% to 76.5%.
75%
Avg U.S. Utilization ~78%
50%
25%
U.S. Utilization (weekly)
Global Utilization (monthly)
Source: Bloomberg
Dom estic Utilization
20 09
2 010
1Q
42.5%
67.6%
2Q
44.6%
73.2%
3Q
54.2%
71.1%
4Q
62.8%
68.6%
201 1
73.7%
74.7%
76.2%
74.3%
20 12
77.6%
78.7%
75.0%
71.7%
201 3
75.6%
77.9%
77.9%
76.1%
Y ea r
7 0.1 %
74 .7%
7 5.7 %
76 .9%
2 010
78.8%
81.7%
74.3%
75.7%
7 7.6 %
201 1
81.1%
82.5%
78.8%
74.0%
79 .1%
20 12
78.5%
80.4%
77.5%
75.5%
7 8.0 %
201 3
79.0%
79.6%
77.2%
75.7%
77 .9%
51 .0%
Global Utilization
20 09
1Q
65.0%
2Q
68.0%
3Q
74.7%
4Q
75.4%
Y ea r
70 .8%
2 01 4
76.5%
76.4%
78.8%
75.8%
2 01 4
77.2%
78.5%
75.3%
% C hange
1.2%
-1.8%
1.1%
-0.4%
% C hange
-2.3%
-1.4%
-2.4%
W eek Begin
11/25/2013
11/10/2014
11/3/2014
M onth End
9/30/2013
9/30/2014
8/31/2014
% C hange
77.2%
76.5%
75.5%
-0.9%
1 .3%
% C hange
79.3%
76.1%
74.2%
Global Monthly
For the month of September,
global utilization increased
~2.5% m/m to a rate of 76.1%.
-4.0%
2 .6%
Page 10
Freight Rates
Today’s freight rates remain relatively low
compared to historical levels
North American vessels to Europe – For the
week ending October 31, the average coal
freight rate for three North American ports to
Rotterdam was $14.17/ton. The average rate
fell ~1.5% w/w and is now ~27% lower
compared to last year.
Australian shipments – Shipping rates for coal
out of Queensland to Rotterdam increased
~0.5% from last week to $13.65/ton. Rates
are down ~2% y/y. Coal movement out of
Queensland to Japan was $17.25/ton, a gain of
~2% w/w and ~9% lower compared to the
previous year.
Page 11
Monthly Updates…
Page 12
Coal Stockpiles
August stockpile drawdown
Coal stocks for the month decreased 4.3 mm
tons vs. the 5-year average draw of 6.2 mm
tons. Inventories of 121 mm tons are now
~26% below an elevated 5-year average.
The latest coal consumption and inventory
estimates suggest a forward demand cover of 46
days. This is below April 2012’s peak estimate of
119 days of inventory.
Page 13
Coal Demand
Total U.S. consumption
Total coal demand for the month of July
decreased ~2% to 86.8 mm tons compared to
last year. July consumption was ~7.5% lower
compared to the 5-year average for the month.
2014 YTD consumption of 548.2 mm tons is
2.7%, or 14.4 mm tons, higher than the same
period in 2013.
2013 total coal consumption ended the year up
3.9% at 925.1 mm tons compared to the same
period in 2012.
Electric Sector demand
August coal consumption at the electric sector
declined ~1% y/y to 80.8 mm tons.
August demand was 6.5 mm tons or 7.5% below
the 5-year average of 87.3 mm tons for the
month.
2014 YTD demand of 589.2 mm tons is ~2.5%
higher than the 576.1 mm tons in 2013.
Total 2013 demand at the electric sector rose
nearly 37 mm tons or 4.5% to 856.9 mm tons
from 2012 levels.
Page 14
Coal Imports & Exports
U.S. Coal Exports
14
August U.S. coal exports decreased ~24% y/y to
7.6 mst, and rose 6.5% m/m. YTD exports of 66.8
mst are ~16% lower than the 79.9 mst shipped
last year.
12
(m m short tons)
U.S. coal imports and exports
10
8
6
Met coal volumes for August declined ~3% y/y to
5.1 mst. Additionally, exports increased ~5%
versus July levels.
4
2
0
Thermal volumes fell ~46% y/y to 2.5 mst, and
were up ~9.5% m/m.
Met
Source: McCloskey
Steam
Full year 2013 exports of 116.7 mm tons were
~6.5% below 2012 volumes.
Chinese imports
For the month of September, Chinese coal imports
declined ~27% y/y to 16.3 mt, though rose ~7.5%
from August levels.
Coking coal imports decreased ~38% compared to
September 2013 to 4.5 mt, though rising ~17.5%
m/m.
Thermal coal imports moved ~21% lower y/y to
11.8 mt, while gaining 4.5% from August levels.
2014 YTD Chinese coal imports are ~11.5% lower
than 2013.
Page 15
Exports Continued….Australia
Australian Coal Exports
35
million metric tonnes
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Thermal exports
Met exports
Source: Bloomberg
Total Australian exports – Total Australian export volumes for the month of September increased ~8% vs. last
year to 32.9 mt, though declined ~3% m/m. 2014 YTD volumes are ~9.5% higher than 2013.
Metallurgical coal – Australian met coal exports for September rose ~5.5% y/y to 16.2 mt. Additionally, exports
increased ~2% from August levels.
Thermal coal – September thermal exports increased to 16.7 mt, up ~11% y/y, but declining ~8% m/m.
Page 16
International Steel Production
Chinese steel production continues to rise
Chinese steel supply for the month of September increased ~3% y/y to 67.5 mt, though down 2% m/m.
International steel production (excluding China) declined ~0.5% y/y to 66.9 mt and rose ~1% from
August.
Page 17
Appendix A: Important Disclosures
Important Disclosures
We, Alonso Guerra-Garcia and Holly Stewart, certify that the views expressed in this research report accurately reflect our personal views about the subject securities or issuers; and I,
Alonso Guerra-Garcia and Holly Stewart, certify that no part of our compensation was, is, or will be directly or indirectly related to the specific recommendation or views contained in this
research report
Important Disclosures
This report was prepared by a Howard Weil Research analyst. Howard Weil is a Division of Scotia Capital (USA) Inc., a US Registered broker-dealer and a member of the New York Stock
Exchange and FINRA. Howard Weil Research analysts focus primarily on the US Energy Sector. Scotia Capital (USA) Inc. is a wholly owned subsidiary of Scotia Capital Inc., a Canadian
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