1. No category

Nutrition and ergogenic aids to improve performance
Morten Hostrup, University of Copenhagen
Assistant Professor, PhD, mail: [email protected]
How we investigate limitations in exercise performance and
mechanisms of fatigue
Enhedens navn
Exercise performance & fatigue
Energy supply
SaO2
H+
Muscle excitability
Ca2+ availability/Pi
Mg2+
ROS/RNS
Temp
Sensory feedback
Inhibition of motor cortex
Muscle Contractile dysfunction
Institut for Idræt
Institut for Idræt
Exercise performance & fatigue
Energy supply
SaO2
Ca2+ availability/Pi
H+
Mg2+
Muscle excitability
ROS/RNS
Temp
Sensory feedback
Inhibition of motor cortex
Muscle Contractile dysfunction
Caffeine (motivation & sensory)
”Beta-alanine” (ion handling – transmission)
Caffeine (ion handling & glycolysis)
Creatine (energy production)
Beta-alanine (buffering capacity – pH & ion
handling)
Sodiumbicarbonate (buffering capacity – pH)
Institut for Idræt
ERGOGENIC AIDS TO OPTIMIZE PERFORMANCE OF THE TOP-ATHLETE
(Nader 2006)
Performance & fatigue are complex...
- Exercise dependent
- Individual and gender specific
- Several sites interact with each other
Effects of nutrition & supplements depend on
the sport and athlete
Fatigue/activity profile
Individual response
Test interactions
From Science to practice
1. Identification
2. Specific testing & optimisation
3. Implementation
INDIVIDUAL
ORGANISATION
COACH/PRACTIONER
FEDERATION/HOSPITAL
ERGOGENIC AIDS TO OPTIMIZE PERFORMANCE OF THE TOP-ATHLETE
SPRINT-POWER
(<60 s)
CREATINE
INTERMITTENT
INTENSE ENDURANCE
(1-10 MIN)
ENDURANCE
(>10 MIN)
CAFFEINE
CAFFEINE
CREATINE
BICARBONATE
CAFFEINE
BETA-ALANINE
BICARBONATE
BETA-ALANINE
--------------- BEETROOT, ANTIOXIDANTS, THERAPEUTIC DRUGS….? -------------
NUTRITION AND ERGOGENIC AIDS TO OPTIMIZE PERFORMANCE IN FOOTBALL
Activity profile in football
Identification
McKenna et al. 2008 – J Physiol
Effect of caffeine on football specific performance (Yo-Yo IR2 test)
Caffeine (3 mg/kg b.w.) Placebo -
Distance covered: 607 m
Distance covered: 523 m
Mohr at al. 2010 J.Appl.Physiol
Mohr at al. 2010 J.Appl.Physiol
From Science to practice
1. Identification (Caffeine in football – K+)
2. Specific testing & optimisation (It works!)
- Individual
- Interactions
3. Implementation
Co-administration of ergogenic substances
BICARBONATE & BETA ALANINE
IN INTENSE ENDURANCE SPORTS (1-10 MIN)
4 min MAX cycling
Beta Alanine
Bicarbonate
-
v
-
v
-
v
v
(Bellinger et al. 2012)
0,63
0,04
0,01
0,21
0,20
0,18
0,57
0,40
CAFFEINE & BICARBONATE
OLYMPIC ROWERS
6 min max rowing
CAF (3 mg/kg), SB (0.3 g/kg)
(Christensen et al. 2014)
OPTIMIZING THE USE OF ERGOGENIC AIDS
CREATINE & CAFFEINE
Caffeine may abolish the ergogenic effect of creatine in some (Vandenberghe et
al. 1998) but not all (Lee et al. 2011) studies using intermittent exercise
Caffeine is ergogenic during intense running (4 min) relative to placebo after 6
days of creatine supplementation (Doherty et al. 2002)
Role of glycogen in performance, training & recovery
Influence of glycogen depletion on performance
(SR-glycogen complex)
A role for glycogen in Ca2+ handling of cross-country skiers?
Enhedens navn
Optimisation of glycogen re-synthesis
Atkinson et al. 2003
Athletes & calorie intake
Train low – compete high?
Training with low glycogen in cyclists
Hulston et al. 2010 – MSSE
Training with low glycogen in cyclists
Hulston et al. 2010 – MSSE
From Science to practice
1. Identification
2. Specific testing & optimisation
3. Implementation
INDIVIDUAL
ORGANISATION
COACH/PRACTIONER
FEDERATION/HOSPITAL
Key questions
What are the interactions (side-effects) between different supplementations?
Are the effects sport-specific in real-life situations?
What is the optimal supplementation strategy? (sport, gender, individual,
training, diet and co-administration)
How can we use ergogenic aids to optimise recovery and performance during
consecutive days of training and competition?
Nutrition and ergogenic aids to improve performance
Morten Hostrup, University of Copenhagen
Assistant Professor, PhD, mail: [email protected]