In Grateful Remembrance Honouring the Men from Knox, Owen Sound, Who Paid the Supreme Sacrifice Janet Iles 2011 Janet Iles Consulting & Research Services © 2011 Janet Iles All Right Reserved ISBN 978-9-9782222-1-5 For ordering information, contact the author at [email protected] Preface: Why I Wrote This Book As the soldiers carried the flag-draped coffin and the lone bagpiper played a lament, tears streamed down my face. I was watching the brief repatriation ceremony on television. Although I did not know the soldier, my heart went out to the family, friends and comrades for the tragic loss of this young corporal. My mind wandered back about ninety years ago to the First World War. During my research about this war, I read newspapers of that era. My focus was Owen Sound and area with a particular interest of how the war affected Knox Presbyterian Church. Day after day the local newspapers reported the death or wounding of young men. Loved ones and friends learned of the casualties through letters, telegrams and newspaper announcements. Days, weeks and sometimes months went by before the deaths were confirmed. Now, in contrast, with modern communication, sometimes only hours have passed before the world knows. Knox Presbyterian, Owen Sound (now United Church of Canada) saw its share of losses in the First World War. Twenty-two men connected to Knox are remembered on a plaque in the sanctuary. One died in a hospital in England after the plaque was ordered, but his name was mentioned in the newspaper article about the dedication of the church organ. After the First World War, the congregation wanted a way to visibly honour the sacrifice paid by these young men. In 1919, the congregation decided to purchase a new pipe organ that would be dedicated to their memory. During a church service on 14 September 1919, they unveiled two bronze memorial tablets and dedicated the memorial organ. It was not until I was helping with the Church’s application to have the organ designated as a “military memorial” that I really looked at the plaques. All my life those plaques had hung there, but I had never paused to think about the names listed. Questions came to me. What could I find about these men? I was not only interested in their military history, but also their families. Who was left to mourn? What were the feelings of the family and the congregation at Knox as another death was reported? These questions prompted this project. My goal was to research and compile brief stories about each man. As you read about them, I hope you consider the feelings of the families and the congregation. This work also documents the story of the memorial organ at Knox and includes some church history to provide context to the project. In Grateful Remembrance Dedication This book is dedicated to the memory of the men affiliated with Knox Presbyterian/United who fought in both World Wars and especially to those who paid the supreme sacrifice. I also dedicate this book to the memory of my parents: Harold Ballantyne “Bob” Iles and Marion Love. Both were very involved in the life and work of Knox United Church. They led by example. They did not send us to church; they took us with them. My dad enjoyed preparing displays to showcase the Church and its history. This sparked my interest in sharing what I have learned about my Church. Table of Contents Introduction, 1 The Men Norman Richard Birge, 5 William Fawcett Campbell, 8 William Oswald Fraser, 11 William Ira Fulford, 15 John Gershon Galbraith, 20 Albert Edward Gaskell, 24 Gordon Brothers: Charles Haughton McKay and Thomas Seton Gordon, 27 Alexander McKay Gunn, 35 Victor J. Lennox, 38 Allen Beatty Malcom, 40 Joseph McDonald, 43 Robert Edward McDonald, 45 Roy Brown Mackenzie, 48 Charles Edgar Orford, 50 Clarence Porter, 54 Seth Enos Rawn, 58 James Dawson Sheffield, 61 Cyril Slade, 64 Arthur Frederick Thompson, 66 John A. Thompson, 69 James Dawson Watt, 71 Louis Zeiggel, 73 Appendices Chronology of Events, 79 Cemeteries/Memorials – List by Region, 81 Maps – Places Where the Men are Remembered in Europe, 82 IOOF Monument, Greenwood Cemetery, 83 Honour Roll at Knox, 84 World War Two (1939-1945), 85 Memorial Church Organ, 89 Historical Highlights, 96 Knox History Timeline, 102 Bibliography, 107 Index, 109 In Grateful Remembrance Acknowledgements No book can be written without the assistance of many people. I give my thanks to each one. To my brother, Ted, and my sister, Nancy Duffy, for reading my progress reports in my weekly e-mails. A special thank you goes to Nancy for acting as my editor. I am grateful for the time she has spent helping me getting this book ready for publication. To organists Eric Osborne and John Stuart-Vanderburg for explaining the intricacies of the Casavant organ, opus 794. It helped me appreciate this beautiful instrument. To the Owen Sound & North Grey Union Public Library for having a wonderful local history collection. The reference librarians are always willing to help me with my research. To the Grey County Archives and staff for your support during this project. A special thank you to Karin Noble for proofreading the manuscript. To the Billy Bishop Home and Museum for your assistance and for honouring those who have served our country. To those who contributed photographs and gave me permission to use them. They bring to life the story of the church organ and the men who paid the supreme sacrifice. To my Church family, thank you for the opportunity to share my passion for the history of our Church with you. The Author Janet Iles’ interest in Church history began when she helped her father organize historical displays for special events at Knox United, Owen Sound. She researched the church history, as well as its organs and organists for the 160th anniversary at Knox. In 2007, she published The Churches of Grey Presbytery of the United Church of Canada. Janet worked at the Owen Sound & North Grey Union Public Library for over 30 years. She performs genealogical and local history research as part of her business, Janet Iles Consulting & Research Services. She writes two personal blogs: Janet the Researcher and The Graveyard Rabbit of Grey County, Ontario. She is President of the Grey County Historical Society and the Markham Berczy Settlers Association. Introduction The Casavant organ, opus 794, is both a visible and auditory memorial dedicated “in grateful remembrance of the gallant men who gave their lives in the Great War 1914-1918 for liberty, truth and righteousness.” The following pages honour the memory of the men and their families and the congregation of Knox Presbyterian (now United), Owen Sound. I have tried to find out some information about each of the men and their families. This research was done over a period of five years. The information provided is only an introduction to each of the men. The amount of information for each varies. Some families need more research. Where possible, I have also included photographs. I did not obtain the complete military records for each of the men. These are available from Library and Archives Canada (LAC) in Ottawa. Their attestation papers are available digitally on the LAC website at http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca. In addition, the first page of these papers for each soldier is also on Ancestry.ca, a paid subscription site. Near the end of my research, Ancestry.ca added two wonderful resources that provide interesting details: “War Graves Registry: Circumstances of Death” and the “War Graves Registry: Commonwealth War Graves”. Both of these databases are linked to digital images of the records. The originals of these registers are at Library and Archives Canada. “The War Graves Registry: Circumstances of Death” database (Brown Binders) contains the initial burial location of the Canadian Expeditionary Force in Belgium, France and the United Kingdom. The burial registers for soldiers with last names Sims through Z did not survive. “The War Graves Registry: Commonwealth War Graves” database (Black Binders) contains records from the War Grave Registers for the Canadian Expeditionary Force who died during the First World War in Belgium, France and the United Kingdom. These registers “give the final resting place of the soldier, nurse or other individual, and to record the notification of the next of kin. If the body was never recovered, these records contain the official memorial on which the individual’s name would be found.”1 In the endnotes throughout the book, you will notice that a variety of records have been used, including the War Diaries that are on LAC website. I have gathered all the supporting information that I have used into binders. They are currently in my possession. If you have information, photographs or corrections that I could add, or need to make to the profiles of the men, or other information provided in the book, please let me know so that I can update the records and perhaps publish a revised edition. At Knox, the names of those affiliated with the church who served in the First and Second World Wars are inscribed on a large wooden plaque now mounted at the rear wall of the In Grateful Remembrance sanctuary. Stars mark the names of those who paid the ultimate sacrifice: twenty-two stars for the First World War and seven stars for the Second World War. For many years, the plaque hung in the 9th Street narthex and served as a constant reminder to all who entered. Even as a child, I would stop and look at the names listed. A photo of the plaque and the list of the men who died in the Second World War are included in pages 84 to 88. The book also contains information about the organ and some church history to place the story of these men in context. As the book goes to press, Knox United Church, Owen Sound is moving towards amalgamation with Division Street United Church, Owen Sound under a new name on 1 January 2012. This change has made the publication of this book more important to me. I wanted to ensure that this history is preserved in print. Janet Iles 1 Ancestry.ca explanation of the database. 2 In Grateful Remembrance The Men Norman Richard Birge Norman Richard Birge was born 15 April 1893 in Horning Mills, Dufferin County, to Charles and Mary Jane Birge.1 The family also lived for awhile in Mulmur Township, Simcoe County,2 but they returned to live in Melancthon Township.3 Sometime after the death of Norman’s father in 1912, Norman’s mother moved to Owen Sound.4 Norman was a sailor. A border crossing record for 24 July 1911 shows him entering the United States on possibly either the Pretorian or the Siberian, both Allen Line ships,5 with the destination as the “Soo” [Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan]. His most recent permanent residence was in Owen Sound. His father was listed as living in Horning Mills.6 Norman joined the Canadian Over-seas Expeditionary Force 7 July 1915 at the Niagara Camp. Before enlisting with the 58th Battalion, Norman had belonged to the active militia. Norman was five feet eight inches tall with a fair complexion, light blue eyes and light brown hair.7 Norman went to France with the Unit in 1916. He was with the Canadian Infantry (Eastern Ontario Regiment) 2nd Battalion at the time of his death. He died 25 April 1917.8 Norman was killed instantly by the explosion of a shell during an enemy bombardment of the unit when it was at Bois-de-la-Ville. He is buried at the Bois-Carré British Cemetery just southeast of Thélus, Pas de Calais, France. It is four miles south-southwest of Lens, France. (Grave 14, plot 1, Row D). Due to errors in the several comprehensive reports on the initials of his Christian name being H. R., the reports and his cross inscription had to be corrected.9 Norman is also remembered on the cenotaph in Dufferin County. Who was left to mourn his death? What is known about his family? Norman’s Parents Norman’s father was Charles Birge born 26 February 183910 in Pennsylvania, USA.11 Charles came to Canada in about 1845.12 Charles was a sawmiller and a carpenter. Charles’ parents were John and Margaret Birge. At the time of his marriage, Charles was living in Melancthon Township. 13 On his death registration, his mother’s maiden name looks like Petra. Charles [Irving?] Birge died 10 April 1912 in Horning Mills.14 Norman’s mother was Mary Jane Beckett. She was born 30 December 185415 in Hamilton to Richard Beckett and Esther Ann Knott. She married Charles Birge on 22 September 1886 in Owen Sound. She was living in Sarawak Township at the time of her marriage to Charles.16 After Charles’ death, Mary Jane re-married. She married John Mitchell, a 64-year-old widower and farmer from Horning Mills. The marriage took place in Owen Sound on 15 October 1913.17 In Norman’s obituary that was published in the (Owen Sound) Advertiser, Norman’s mother’s name was given as Mrs. Mitchell,18 whereas in the Owen Sound Sun her name was given as Mrs. M. Birge.19 It stated that Norman’s mother and grandmother lived together at 1576 Eighth Avenue East. Mary Birge died in Owen Sound 2 April 1953 at the age In Grateful Remembrance of 99. She was buried in Greenwood Cemetery, Owen Sound.20 It is not known what happened to John Mitchell. Norman’s Known Siblings Lena Maria Elizabeth was born 10 August 1887 in Horning Mills, Melancthon Township.21 Lena died from diphtheria on 12 February 1888.22 On 5 April 1889, Ethel Louisa was also born in Melancthon Township.23 On 3 July 1912, she married John Patterson, a candy maker, in York, York County.24 Norman’s youngest sister, Irene, was born 13 February 189625 and died 3 June 1896 in Horning Mills from scarlet fever.26 Norman’s Grandparents Norman’s paternal grandparents were John Birge and Margaret [Petra?]. Nothing more is known about them. Norman’s maternal grandparents were Richard Beckett and Esther Ann Knott. Both were born in England. Richard was a farmer. He married Esther 11 October 1853 in Whitby, County of Ontario, Home District. Rev. Gardner Wells conducted the ceremony.27 Richard died 27 February 1896.28 Esther Ann Beckett died 8 November 1921 in Owen Sound. 1 Norman Richard Birge, Ontario birth registration 06351 (27 October 1893); digital image, Ancestry.ca (http://www.ancestry.ca : accessed 20 March 2008), citing microfilm MS 929 reel 114, Archives of Ontario, Toronto. 2 1901 Census of Canada, Ontario, Simcoe County (district 115), Mulmur Township (sub-district F), division 3, p. 11, Charles Birge household; digital image, Ancestry.ca (http://www.ancestry.ca : accessed 21 March 2008), citing microfilm T-6497, Library & Archives Canada, Ottawa. 3 1911 census of Canada, Ontario, Dufferin County (district 62), Melancthon Township, (sub-district 12), p. 13, Charles Birge household; digital image, Ancestry.ca (http://www.ancestry.ca : accessed 21 March 2008), citing microfilm T-20368, Library & Archives Canada, Ottawa. 4 “Soldiers of the First World War,” [database on-line], Attestation papers for Norman Richard Birge, regimental no. 452378; digital image, Library and Archives Canada, (http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/databases/cef/index-e.html : accessed 20 March 2008), citing Canadian Expeditionary Force personnel files, RG 150, Accession 1992-93/166, box 748-54, Library and Archives Canada, Ottawa. 5 Ship manifest, June 24, 1911, sheet no. 14, stamped 135, line 26, Norman Birge; Ancestry.ca “Border Crossings: From Canada to U.S., 1895-1956” [database on-line] (http://www.ancestry.ca : accessed 25 May 2007). On the page on which Norman Birge’s name appears, image 150, there is no naming of the ship. On image 140 a sheet looks like it has been inserted that names the Pretorian. The Pretorian was used to bring emigrants to Canada. Between image 150 & 152, there is an added page with supplemental information about the Allen Line ship the Siberian (http://www.normwayheritage.com : accessed 22 March 2008). 6 Ship manifest. 7 “Soldiers of the First World War,” [database on-line], Attestation papers for Norman Richard Birge, regimental no. 452378. 8 “Pte. N. R. Birge Killed in Action” (Owen Sound Advertiser, 21 May 1917 and “Pte. N. Birge Killed in Action”, The Owen Sound Sun, 22 May 1917. 9 Canada, CEF Burial Registers, First World War, 1914-1919 [database on-line], entry for Norman Richard Birge; digital image, Ancestry.ca (http://www.ancestry.ca : accessed 19 April 2011), citing Library and Archives Canada (LAC). War Graves Registry: Circumstances of Death. RG 150, 1992-1993/314, Box 145238. Box: 154. 10 1901 Census of Canada, Ontario, Simcoe County (district 115), Mulmur Township (sub-district F), division 3, p. 11, Charles Birge household. 6 Norman Richard Birge 11 Charles Birge – Mary Jane Beckett, Ontario marriage registration 003850 (22 September 1886); digital image, Ancestry.ca (http://www.ancestry.ca : accessed 20 March 2008), citing microfilm MS 932 reel 53, Archives of Ontario, Toronto. 12 1901 Census of Canada, Ontario, Simcoe County (district 115), Mulmur Township (sub-district F) , division 3, p. 11, Charles Birge household. 13 Charles Birge, Ontario death registration 009616 (10 April 1912); digital image, Ancestry.ca (http://www.ancestry.ca : accessed 21 March 2008), citing MS 935 reel 174, Archives of Ontario, Toronto. 14 Charles Birge, Ontario death registration. 15 1901 Census of Canada, Ontario, Simcoe County (district 115), Mulmur Township (sub-district F) , division 3, p. 11, Charles Birge household. 16 Charles Birge - Mary Jane Beckett, Ontario marriage registration. 17 Mary Birge – John Mitchell, Ontario marriage registration 005936 (15 October 1913); digital image, Ancestry.ca (http://www.ancestry.ca : accessed 20 March 2008), citing microfilm MS 932 reel 254, Archives of Ontario, Toronto. 18 Obituary of Norman Richard Birge, (Owen Sound) The Advertiser. 19 Obituary of Norman Richard Birge, The Owen Sound Sun. 20 “Greenwood Cemetery Owen Sound Interments” [on-line database], City of Owen Sound, Ontario, Greenwood Cemetery (http://www.owensound.ca/cemetery/index.php : accessed 27 July 2008). 21 Lena Maria Elizabeth Birge, Ontario birth registration 003950 (8 September 1887); digital image, Ancestry.ca (http://www.ancestry.ca : accessed 20 March 2008), citing microfilm MS 929 reel 81, Archives of Ontario, Toronto. 22 Lena Maria Birge, Ontario death registration 003607 (28 February 1888); digital image, Ancestry.ca (http://www.ancestry.ca : accessed 20 March 2008), citing MS 935 reel 50, Archives of Ontario, Toronto. 23 Ethel Louise Birge, Ontario birth registration 006839 (28 June 1889); digital image, Ancestry.ca (http://www.ancestry.ca : accessed 21 March 2008), citing microfilm MS 929 reel 92, Archives of Ontario, Toronto. 24 Ethel Louise Birge – John Patterson, Ontario marriage registration 027416 (3 July 1912); digital image, Ancestry.ca (http://www.ancestry.ca : accessed 21 March 2008), citing microfilm MS 932 reel 241, Archives of Ontario, Toronto. 25 Irene Birge, Ontario birth registration 007204 (3 August 1896); digital image, Ancestry.ca (http://www.ancestry.ca : accessed 21 March 2008), citing microfilm MS 929 reel 131, Archives of Ontario, Toronto. 26 Irene Birge, Ontario death registration 006992 (3 August 1896); digital image, Ancestry.ca (http://www.ancestry.ca : accessed 20 March 2008), citing MS 935 reel 79, Archives of Ontario, Toronto. 27 Richard Beckett – Esther Knott, Ontario marriage registration (11 October 1853); digital image, Ancestry.ca (http://www.ancestry.ca ; accessed 22 April 2011), citing microfilm MS 248 reel 02, Archives of Ontario, Toronto. 28 Richard Beckett, Ontario death registration 9046 (4 March 1896); digital image, Ancestry.ca (http://www.ancestry.ca : accessed 20 March 2008), citing MS 935 reel 79, Archives of Ontario, Toronto. 7 William Fawcett “Willie” Campbell William Fawcett Campbell, often called Willie, was born on 8 September 1891 in Annan, Sydenham Township.1 The family lived in Sydenham Township before moving to Owen Sound. In 1911, the family was living at 450 Eighth Street East.2 Two years later, they were living at 1098 First Avenue West.3 Before the war, William worked at the local chair factory and had been a sailor on the Great Lakes.4 On 27 November 1915 in Owen Sound, William joined the 147th Grey Owen Sound Battalion of the Canadianover-Seas Expeditionary Force (CEF).5 Willie was of dark complexion, with blue eyes and dark hair.6 He was transferred to the 4th Canadian Mounted Rifles (2nd Central Ontario Regiment) in February 1917. While in France, he was “gassed” and admitted to the hospital on 6 September 1917.7 It was not long after his return to active duty that he was killed on 28 August 1918. William Fawcett Campbell Owen Sound Sun Times, 10 December 1918, p. 1. According to the CEF burial register, William’s circumstances of casualty are described as follows: "Killed in Action" During a successful attack south of Boiry and while advancing through an area which had been previously shelled with gas shells, private Campbell inhaled some of the gas and died within a few minutes.8 He was buried at Vis-en-Artois British Cemetery, Haucourt, France (eight miles southeast of Arras) (Grave Reference VI. C. 9).9 Who was left to mourn? What is known about his family? William’s Parents William’s father was Daniel Campbell who was born 13 September 183810 in Peel County.11 Daniel was the son of Duncan Campbell and Jane McTavish.12 Daniel was a shoemaker. He married Sarah Eliza Fawcett on 20 August 1879 in Annan.13 Daniel died 14 February 1910 in Owen Sound. William’s mother was Sara Eliza Fawcett who was born 15 February 1856 in Ontario.14 In 1917, she was living at 783 Third Avenue A West.15 William Fawcett Campbell William’s Known Siblings The first three children were stillborn males born 13 March 1880,16 28 March 188117 and 3 July 1882.18 A baby girl was born 19 May 1885 with no name given. She also died as indicated by a note on her birth registration.19 Mary Jane was born 3 March 1887 in Annan.20 Sarah, also known as Sadie, was born 6 May 1889, also in Sydenham Township.21 After William’s birth, his brother Daniel was born 2 June 1893 in Sydenham Township.22 Daniel married Ila Mary Elizabeth Griffin, daughter of Alexander Griffin and Martha Brawley, 3 October 1914.23 William’s Grandparents Norman’s paternal grandparents were Duncan Campbell and Jane McTavish. Both were born in Scotland. Norman’s maternal grandparents were William and Mary Fawcett. Nothing more is known about them. 1 William Fawcett Campbell, Ontario birth registration 015510 (7 October 1891); digital image, Ancestry.ca (http://www.ancestry.ca : accessed 24 March 2008), citing microfilm MS 929 reel 105, Archives of Ontario, Toronto. 2 1911 Ontario Census of Canada, Grey North (district 73) Owen Sound (sub-district 48), p. 11, family 114, Sarah Campbell household; digital image, Ancestry.ca (http://www.ancestry.ca : accessed 23 April 2008), citing microfilm T-20374, Library and Archives Canada, Ottawa. 3 Malone’s Street, Alphabetical, Business and Miscellaneous Directory of Owen Sound for the Year 1913, (Owen Sound, ON: W. P. Malone, 1913, p. 40. 4 “Pte. W. Campbell Reported Killed” Owen Sound Sun, 13 September 1918, p. 1. 5 “Soldiers of the First World War,” [database on-line], Attestation papers for William Fawcett Campbell, regimental no. 838031; digital image, Library and Archives Canada, (http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/databases/cef/index-e.html : accessed 24 March 2008), citing Canadian Expeditionary Force personnel files, RG 150, Accession 1992-93/166, Box 1460 – 16 , Library and Archives Canada, Ottawa. 6 “Soldiers of the First World War,” [database on-line], Attestation papers for William Fawcett Campbell, regimental no. 838031. 7 “Pte. W. F. Campbell “Gassed” Owen Sound Times, 14 September 1917, p. 1. 8 Canada, CEF Burial Registers, First World War, 1914-1919 [database on-line], entry for William Fawcett Campbell; digital image, Ancestry.ca (http://www.ancestry.ca : accessed 18 April 2011), citing Library and Archives Canada (LAC). War Graves Registry: Circumstances of Death. RG 150, 1992-1993/314, Box 145238, Box: 161. 9 Veterans Affairs Canada, “Canada Remembers” Canadian Virtual War Memorial (http://www.vacacc.gc.ca/remembers/ : accessed 24 March 2008) database entry for William Fawcett Campbell. 10 1901 Census of Canada, Ontario, Grey North (district 65) Sydenham (sub-district G), division 9, p. 4, family 34, Daniel Campbell household; digital image, Ancestry.ca (http://www.ancestry.ca : accessed 25 April 2008), citing microfilm T-6469, Library and Archives Canada, Ottawa. 11 Daniel Campbell, Ontario death registration 12966 (14 February 1910); digital image Ancestry.ca (http://www.ancestry.ca : accessed 26 May 2007), citing MS 935 reel 135, Archives of Ontario, Toronto. This gives his date of birth as 13 August 1834. Note: The 1901 Ontario Census Grey North Sydenham G-9 p. 4, his date of birth is given as 13 September 1838. 12 Daniel Campbell, Ontario death registration 12966 (14 February 1910). 13 Daniel Campbell - Sarah Faucet [Fawcett], Ontario marriage registration 53061 (20 August 1879); digital image, Ancestry.ca (http://www.ancestry.ca : accessed 7 May 2011), citing microfilm MS 932 reel 30, Archives of Ontario, Toronto 14 1901 Census of Canada, Ontario, Grey North (district 65) Sydenham (sub-district G), division 9, p. 4, family 34, Daniel Campbell household. 9
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