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Comparative ohloropbTll and energy studies of Prairie, Savanna, Oakwood and maize field ecosystems. Ecology, 48 1 515 - 524. - - - - - - ' Dale Heitkamp and Donald, .B. Lawrence, 1963· Plant biomass Pnd productivity of Prairie, Savanna, ecosyste~~s Oakwood and maize field, l41nneB ote. Eo ol ogy, 44 1 52 - 63. in Centrel 16.~ Ovington, J .n. and w.H. Pearsall, 1956· Produotion EoolOQ II Estimates of average production qy treee. Oikoe, 7 : 202 - 205· Pandey, H.M. Phosphate statue end dr,y metter production 1970· of the a bovegrou.nd parts in the primary producers ot oroplend eooeystem.. Pandeye, S.c. 1950-51· Proo. Ind. Sci. Congr. IV. Notes on Jl.uteoo1ogy of Diohenthium annul.atum Stapf. and :Bothriochloa pertuee Willd. Bu.l.l· £ot. Soo. Univ. 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Clessifioetion of root eysteme of forbe of grassland and e consideration of their significance. Ecology, }9 ' } - }9}• - - - - - - and Darland, R.w. 1949· Soil root rel.ation- ehips of certain native grasses in various soU types. Eool. Monogr., 19 ' '0} - - - - - - - and F.c. Clements. 19}8. :na. Pl.E>nt Ecology, 2nd McGraw-Hill Publ. Co. Ltd., London, XXII + ed. 601 PP• --------- end N.w. Rowland. 1952· Effects of excessive na.turel mulch on development yield and structure of a native grassland· - - - - - - and Zink, E. 1946. Bot. Gaz., 1114' l - 19· Jnnual increase Of under- ground materials in three range grasses. 27 West~1ake, $ D.F. Ecology, 115 - 127. 196}. Caaparieons of plant productivity. Biol. Rev., }8 ' }85 - 425· ---------· 1966. The biomass and productivity of G1:ycerh mexillla• Seasonal changes in biomass. J, Ecol., 54 ' 745 - 75}• Whittaker, R.H. 1962. Net prOduction relatione of ehrube in the great smokT mountains. 43 ' 357 - n. Eool. Monogr., 1?2 Whittaker, R.H. 1966. Forest dimensions end production in great smoll;y Mountains. -------· 1970· Ecology, 47 : 103 - 121. Communities and ecosystems. The Macmillan Co. Collier. Macmillan Ltd., London Whyte, R.O. The Grassland and Fodder Resources ot 1964· India• -----· ICAR, New Delhi, 553 PP• 1968. India• Lend, Livestock and Human nutrition in Frederick .A. Preeger Publishers, New York, 309 PP• Wiegert, R·G· 1964· Population energetics of meadow spittle bugs (Philaenue spurm.anius L.) as affected b.V migrations Bnd habitat. Ecol. Monogr., 34 : 217 - 241. ------· 1965· Energy dynalllics ot the grasshopper populEtions in old field and ftlfalfa field ecosystems. - - - - - - and Evans, Oikos, 16 : 161 - 176. F.c. 1964· Primary production and the disappearance of dead vegetation on an Old field in South Eastern Miohigian. 49 - 6,. Ecology, 45 : 178 Wiegert, R.G. and Evans, F·C· 1967. Investige:tions of secondary productivity in grassland•• In J Secondary productivity of terreetrial ecoeystems •• Ed. K. Petrusewiez• warszaw Krakow, P'P• 499 - 518. •williams, A•W· 1966. Range improvement as related to net productivity, energy and foliage configuration. J. Range Management, 17 • J References not seen in original. 29 - 34· Appendix I retio F. s ~ Level o:r significPnoe Table I Vflricnoe anelysis for total aboveground biomass at Site l (Protected during study period only) i 1l.S .S. 2.49 s .s.. 214·4 ll-1.6 ..... 1286.3 961·9 n.~ 6 10581 86.2 Source of verietion ll 5692 1·31 s :83 Quadrf1ts Months 66 II ane lysis for t ots1 aboveground bi Qllass at Site 2 (Protected for Table Brror Vari~nce two yea:re) 391·9 7-29 - 5~ Levd of Pignifi canoe S:' D.F. 2387.1 2215·35 P. Source ot variation 6 24368-9 303·8 ratio Quadrate l.l 20052·' r"!.ii .s. Months 66 s .s. Brror - Not significant Significant -·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-· NS S .... ~~ Appendix I '!a bl.e Oontd. III Verience snelyaie for totsl aboveground bloma.ss at Site 3 (Protected for mabf yesrs, anDRelly harvested) r~tio It> Level of significenoe F. o.a& s !·t.s .e. 814·' 3ol} s . s. }258-~ 2985·9 D·.F• 4 32844.6 :_; ou.rce ot var1et1on l.l. 943·0 M.s.s. 44·35 s s \.luadreta Months 41495·3 - 44 IV Error Table s .s. 93451·} l0-67 ratio ~ ~ Variance enal.ysis for aboveground green bicm&Se at Sites 4 (::: ites 1., 2, 3 and 4) 28035}.8 22490·0 - Level of significance 3 247492·4 2107·2 F. ::>itea 11. 69536.} :o •.F. Mont he :n Source of ver1et1on Error Not significant -·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·- s - Significant NS ~ ~ L auroe or Tt~r1et1on Appendix I v Oontd. Te bl.e or V:'lribnce analy~:>ie for tote~ a.boveground bi.ome.es at 4 Sites (Sites 1. 2. 3 and 4) F. s M.S .s. 115.06 s s.s. 131855.97 ll8.8l n.?l .. Lev~ 395567·9 ~36J.49-70 D·~'. ll9023·U s .s. 2ll94·24 39674·4 M.S.S. - 2-02 3·19 F. ratio Nf m; Level ot signi.fieP.noe 5~ ~ signifiol'noe 3 l.49'l646-3 1145·90 reti o J.l 38817.:~ Sites ~onths 33 - Error Table VI Varinnoe analyE'is for underground pr.rte at 4 lilites (Sites l, 2, 3 233l;S0...67 10469·90 and 4) Sites ll 3455U9·63 3 Mont he 33 Swroe of variation Error - f."l..t ~or.Q>.C...,. .... .....,..,. Not significant ~ a-.1 ·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·---·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·---.-.-.-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-·-· NS APPENDII .AUTHORITIES OJ' - THE II PLJ.N! BAMm (.Loeal 2lnnts) 1 Aqanthosptl'J!IUIII hispidUIII DO. 2 AgeratUIII copno1dt! Linn· ' AlJ.oteropsis q&!d.oina (Linn.) Stapf. 4 Aln1oarpus monil.1:fer DC· 5 A• nd.nalis DC· 6 Aristida aumin.d.f!Jla Tr1n· 7 At:vl.osia soarabaeo1des Benth. 8 Bor;reria hispida (Linn.) SohUIII• 9 j. str1gte (Linn.) Bohum. 10 Bothr1oghl,oa pertuea ('iilld·) A. Cemus. 11 Braohiaria disbch,ya (Linn•) Stapf• 12 Cassia pumila Le.mk. n Q.. 14 Ohrysopogon aoiqulatut Trill• 15 Q.• !UJ.vu.s (Spreng•) Chiov. ~Linn. 16 Oissampelos pareira Linn. 17 aonyoJ. YUlus 18 Crotal.arie medioaginea Lemk· 19 Q• p:rostrata Roxb. 20 Cvnodon daotylon (L.) Pere. 21 Cyperus oompnaeue Linn· s P• .Linn. ( Contd.) 178 (Appendix !I continued) 22 .Q.• leugocephal.ua Retz. 2~ .Q.• !J:!A Linn. 24 .Q.• ungine.tus Poir. 25 Daotylootenium aegrptium Beauv. 26 Desmo4ium tri!lorum DO. 27 Digita.rie longiflora (Retz•) Pere. 28 12.• marginate. Stapf. 29 12.• rwleap.a Prain. ,a Dioswroa m!l.ap.ox:vlon Roxb. 31 Eob1noo.bJ.oa oOlonum. Link· 32 Eleph§ntopua scaber Linn. 33 Eleusine indiga Gsertn. 34 Elllilia sonchitolie. De. 35 Ere.grostis coarctate. Stapf. 36 !• nutans (Retz.) Neee ex Steud. 37 !• unioloides (Retz.) Neee ex Steud• 38 !• visaosa Trin. 39 Euphorbia hirta Linn• 40 !· 41 Evolyul.ue e1&1noidee Linn. 42 Fim brietylla podocarpe Neee. 43 Glortoea superbe. Linn. 44 Gloaeogyne I?innetifide DO. thvmii'olie Linn. ( contd.) 179 (Appendix n continued) 45 Haok!locb1oa. grapulerit (L.) 46 o. Ktz•• Heliotropium ep. Linn. 47 hemidesmus indigus Br• 48 Heteropogon contortug (Linn•) Roem et Schult. 49 kyllinga triceps Rottb. 50 Lindernia giliete. (Oolem.) Pennell• 51 !!• 52 Ha.lnstrwa triguspidatum A. Gray. 53 f.lurdannia xae:inatUIIl (I.. ) Bruck. 54 Oldelllandia qoqabosa Linn. 55 PaniOUIIl austroe.sieticum Ohwi· 56 PanicUJil ep. Linn. 57 !• trzpheron SchUlt. 58 Paspa1idiWII AevidUIIl Ao CelllUSo 59 Paepalum sorobioulatum .Linn. 60 Pb,yllsnthus niruri Linn. 61 ~ungia 62 Setaria &Lauoa Beauv. 63 Shoree robuste Geertn. 64 Side aouta 65 Sporobolus diander Beeuv. 66 2.• elongatus R· Cru,eta.cea (Linn•) F.v. l'iueller• repeJl! llees. ~. Br. 67 Strige denei!l.oro Benth. ( Contd.) lEO (Appendix II oont1nued) 68 Jernon1s oinerea Leea. 69 Xe.nthi'Wll atmru1:ua Linn. 70 Zephyranthes sp. Herb. 71 4ornia diphllla Pers. Plete 1 s Site 1 Showing sporadioall1' groldng Botb£1oqhloe R•rtusa ...... -- ,t • a.~. 2 • Site 2 Showiq tblok gOW'\h J. PHD•• ot Plate ' a Site 3 Shoving luurtant growth ot J• Rertuea llate 4 a Site 4 BhOVi.Dc bare groa4 at1ll be1DC eoreppe4. Plate 5 • 25 X 25 X A 3() a oil oa. aonol1 th Plate 6 1 BhowlDI 1 aetre teet plt. Bor.laoatal liae a-.ru tu est•' et a.•• 1111•· tt o "U?.tricR §Cf~ fq~cmmmtt *T 1009* T 1009 v;v:r CfiT~ snfco l)fiqi'fi f~ ~Ri CflrY<Ii . . .1.. ~~ ~,,~ . ~. 'l. ~~~Tt r} ~ oft ' * l. :"' ~ 0 0'
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