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Flora
of
China
Illustrations
Acoraceae through Cyperaceae
23
Editorial Committee
Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, Bruce Bartholomew,
David E. Boufford, Anthony R. Brach,
Chen Shilong (陈世龙), Michael G. Gilbert,
Hong Deyuan (洪德元), Hu Qiming (胡启明),
Joël Jérémie, W. John Kress, Li Dezhu (李德铢),
William A. McNamara (associate member),
Ching-I Peng (彭镜毅), Peter H. Raven,
David A. Simpson, Nicholas J. Turland,
Mark F. Watson, Wu Zhengyi (吴征镒),
Xia Bing (夏冰), Yang Qiner (杨亲二),
Zhang Libing (张丽兵), Zhang Xianchun (张宪春)
Project Co-directors
Yang Qiner (杨亲二), Nicholas J. Turland
Committee Secretary
Gong Xiaolin (宫晓林)
Editorial Assistant
Lisa J. Pepper
Editor
Zhang Libing (张丽兵)
Illustrators of Volume 23
Liu Chunrong (刘春荣)
Zhang Ronghou (张荣厚)
Chen Baolian (陈宝联)
Zhu Yunxi (朱运喜)
Xiao Rong (肖溶)
Liu Si (刘柶)
Chen Chien-Chu (陈建铸)
Sun Yingbao (孙英宝)
Li Aili (李爱莉)
Zhang Taili (张泰利)
Ji Chaozhen (冀朝祯)
Wang Ling (王凌)
Wang Jinfeng (王金凤)
Wu Zhanghua (吴彰桦)
Wu Xilin (吴锡麟)
Cai Shuqin (蔡淑琴)
Tian Hong (田虹)
H. M. Fukuda
Wang Jenn-Che (王震哲)
Zeng Xiaolian (曾孝濂)
Liu Yitao (刘怡涛)
Ning Rulian (宁汝莲)
Wang Ying (王颖)
Liu Ninghou (刘宁侯)
C. C. Clare
Li Xichou (李锡畴)
Yu Feng (余峰)
Ma Ping (马平)
Zhang Libing (张丽兵)
Tan Lixia (谭丽霞)
Xu Zhiyuan (许芝源)
Chen Shixiang (陈莳香)
M. Benson
Deng Yingfeng (邓盈丰)
Y. C. Hsu
Huang Wen (黄文)
Jin Xiaofeng (金孝锋)
Tetsuo Koyama
Liu Yuheng (刘育衡)
V. D. Lueckoff
Rosemary J. Nicholls
Tang Zhenzi (唐振缁)
Family Authors of Volume 23
Acoraceae:
Li Heng (李恒 Li Hen), Zhu Guanghua (朱光华); Josef Bogner
Araceae:
Li Heng (李恒 Li Hen), Zhu Guanghua (朱光华); Peter C. Boyce,
Jin Murata, Wilbert L. A. Hetterscheid, Josef Bogner, Niels Jacobsen
Lemnaceae:
Li Heng (李恒 Li Hen); Elias Landolt
Alismataceae:
Wang Qingfeng (王青锋); Robert R. Haynes, C. Barre Hellquist
Butomaceae:
Wang Qingfeng (王青锋); Robert R. Haynes, C. Barre Hellquist
Hydrocharitaceae: Wang Qingfeng (王青锋), Guo Youhao (郭友好); Robert R. Haynes, C. Barre
Hellquist
Scheuchzeriaceae: Guo Youhao (郭友好); Robert R. Haynes, C. Barre Hellquist
Aponogetonaceae: Guo Youhao (郭友好); Robert R. Haynes, C. Barre Hellquist
Juncaginaceae:
Guo Youhao (郭友好); Robert R. Haynes, C. Barre Hellquist
Zosteraceae:
Guo Youhao (郭友好); Robert R. Haynes, C. Barre Hellquist
Potamogetonaceae: Guo Youhao (郭友好); Robert R. Haynes, C. Barre Hellquist, Zdenek Kaplan
Zannichelliaceae:
Guo Youhao (郭友好); Robert R. Haynes, C. Barre Hellquist
Posidoniaceae:
Guo Youhao (郭友好); Robert R. Haynes, C. Barre Hellquist
Ruppiaceae:
Guo Youhao (郭友好); Robert R. Haynes, C. Barre Hellquist
Cymodoceaceae:
Guo Youhao (郭友好); Robert R. Haynes, C. Barre Hellquist
Burmanniaceae:
Wu Delin (吴德邻 Wu Te-lin), Zhang Dianxiang (张奠湘); Richard M. K. Saunders
Triuridaceae:
Guo Youhao (郭友好); Martin Cheek
Pandanaceae:
Sun Kun (孙坤); Robert A. DeFilipps
Corsiaceae:
Zhang Dianxiang (张奠湘); Richard M. K. Saunders
Arecaceae:
Pei Shengji (裴盛基), Chen Sanyang (陈三阳), Guo Lixiu (郭丽秀); Andrew
Henderson
Typhaceae:
Sun Kun (孙坤); David A. Simpson
Cyperaceae:
Dai Lunkai (戴伦凯), Liang Songyun (梁松筠 Liang Song-jun),
Zhang Shuren (张树仁), Tang Yancheng (汤彦承 Tang Yen-cheng);
Tetsuo Koyama, Gordon C. Tucker, David A. Simpson, Henry J. Noltie,
Mark T. Strong, Jeremy J. Bruhl, Karen L. Wilson, A. Muthama Muasya
Flora
of
China
Illustrations
Acoraceae through Cyperaceae
Wu Zhengyi (吴征镒) and Peter H. Raven
Co-chairs of the editorial committee
Hong Deyuan (洪德元)
Vice co-chair of the editorial committee
Science Press (Beijing)
23
Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis)
I
t is with great pleasure that we acknowledge the continued
and generous financial support of the following:
Chinese Academy of Sciences
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Stanley Smith Horticultural Trust
Starr Foundation
U.S. National Science Foundation
Alice C. Tyler Perpetual Trust
Arnold Arboretum
California Academy of Sciences
Dula Foundation
Edward K. Love Conservation Foundation
Harvard University Herbaria
Henry Luce Foundation
Hillsborough Garden Club
Lyle S. Woodcock Endowment
McDonnell Foundation
Merck and Company
Ministry of Science and Technology of China
Missouri Botanical Garden
Monsanto Company
Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris
Natural History Museum, London
Quarryhill Botanical Garden
Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Smithsonian Institution
Souer Charitable Trust
Spoehrer Fund
The Taylor Family
William Tao
Contents
Preface ..............................................................................................................................
xi
Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................
xii
Acoraceae 菖蒲科 chang pu ke .......................................................................................
1
Araceae 天南星科 tian nan xing ke .................................................................................
1
Lemnaceae 浮萍科 fu ping ke .........................................................................................
91
Alismataceae 泽泻科 ze xie ke .......................................................................................
92
Butomaceae 花蔺科 hua lin ke ........................................................................................
99
Hydrocharitaceae 水鳖科 shui bie ke .............................................................................. 100
Scheuchzeriaceae 冰沼草科 bing zhao cao ke ................................................................ 127
Aponogetonaceae 水蕹科 shui weng ke ......................................................................... 128
Juncaginaceae 水麦冬科 shui mai dong ke ..................................................................... 129
Zosteraceae 大叶藻科 da ye zao ke ................................................................................ 131
Potamogetonaceae 眼子菜科 yan zi cai ke ..................................................................... 136
Zannichelliaceae 角果藻科 jiao guo zao ke .................................................................... 157
Ruppiaceae 川蔓藻科 chuan man zao ke ........................................................................ 159
Cymodoceaceae 丝粉藻科 si fen zao ke ......................................................................... 160
Burmanniaceae 水玉簪科 shui yu zan ke ........................................................................ 164
Triuridaceae 霉草科 mei cao ke ...................................................................................... 166
Pandanaceae 露兜树科 lu dou shu ke ............................................................................. 167
Corsiaceae 白玉簪科 bai yu zan ke ................................................................................. 173
Arecaceae 棕榈科 zong lü ke .......................................................................................... 174
Typhaceae 香蒲科 xiang pu ke ....................................................................................... 213
Cyperaceae 莎草科 suo cao ke ........................................................................................ 216
Index to Chinese Names ................................................................................................... 618
Index to Pinyin Names ...................................................................................................... 624
Index to Scientific Names ................................................................................................. 630
Index to Families in the Flora of China and the Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae ... 638
Published Volumes of the Flora of China and the Flora of China Illustrations .............. 642
PREFACE
The first volume of the English language Flora of China appeared in 1994. In order to increase the
usefulness of these text volumes, and to make available the beautiful drawings used for the previously
published Chinese language Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (FRPS), the Flora of China Illustrations
series was started in 1998. The illustrations series follows the taxonomy of the text series, but some
modifications in presentation have been made so that FRPS figures can fit into the present scheme.
Additional illustrations are also included for taxa not or insufficiently illustrated in FRPS.
This publication is the 19th in a series of 24 volumes of the Flora of China Illustrations. It accompanies the Flora of China (FOC) Volume 23, which was published in 2010 and treated 122 genera with
1,277 species in 22 families. This volume of illustrations includes 617 plates representing a total of 915
species in 119 genera and 21 families.
The illustrations are generally arranged according to the sequence of tribes, genera, and species in
FOC Volume 23, except when a figure includes more than one taxon, in which case the sequence is determined by the first species listed in the compound figure. Some highly variable species are illustrated on
more than one plate to show morphological variations. Scale bars are given for some of the plates.
Names of recognized taxa are in boldface, and author names follow FOC. Each recognized taxon is
followed by its Chinese name and the pinyin transliteration of that name. Important synonyms and misapplied names are cited before the pinyin names. Page numbers for the descriptions in FOC and for the
figure number, volume number, and year of publication of the FRPS volume, as well as names of artists
and sources of illustrations in the case of redrawings or reproductions, are listed in parentheses at the end of
each caption.
Indexes to figure numbers are given for the Chinese names, their pinyin transliterations, and the
scientific names.
Wu Zhengyi (吴征镒)
Peter H. Raven
Hong Deyuan (洪德元)
xi
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We would like to thank the editorial committees, authors, editors, and publishers of the following
books and journals for granting permission to use in this publication some of the plates in their works:
Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (FRPS), A Revised Handbook of the Flora of Ceylon, Aroideana,
Annales Botanici Fennici, Botanical Studies (formerly Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica), Bulletin of
Botanical Research (Harbin) (formerly Bulletin of the Botanical Laboratory of North-Eastern Forestry
Institute, Harbin), Feddes Repertorium, Flora of Fujian, Flora of Hainan, Flora Intramongolica, Flora of
Jiangsu, Flora Plantarum Herbacearum Chinae Boreali-Orientalis, Flora Qinghaiica, Flora of Taiwan,
Flora Tsinlingensis, Flora Xinjiangensis, Flora Xizangica, Flora of Yunnan, Guihaia, Higher Plants of
China, Iconoes Plantarum Formosanarum nec non et Contributiones ad Floram Formosanam, Iconographia Cormophytorum Sinicorum, Journal of Systematics and Evolution (formerly Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica), Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research, Kew Bulletin, Nordic Journal of Botany, Novon,
Plant Diversity and Resources (formerly Acta Botanica Yunnanica), Systematic Botany, and Willdenowia.
The following individuals are appreciated for giving copyright permission: Hsu Tsai-Wen (许再文), Kuoh
Chang-Sheng (郭长生), Li Heng (李恒), Tetsuo Koyama, Peng Ching-I (彭镜毅), Richard M. K. Saunders,
and Yang Yuen-Po (杨远波).
Josef Bogner, Guo Lixiu (郭立秀), C. Barre Hellquist, Li Heng (李恒), Liang Songyun (梁松筠), Jin
Murata, Zdenek Kaplan, Richard M. K. Saunders, Gordon Tucker, and Zhang Shuren (张树仁) reviewed
portions of the plates and suggested additional non-FRPS plates.
We also thank the illustrators for their wonderful artwork; their names are listed on a previous page
in sequence of the number of illustrations made and then alphabetically by pinyin or English name.
Special thanks are due to Liang Songyun (梁松筠), Tetsuo Koyama, and Zhang Shuren (张树仁) for
reviewing most of the plates of Cyperaceae, for suggestions for additional plates, and for proofreading the
plates of Cyperaceae.
Gong Xiaolin (宫晓林) compiled the original illustrations from FRPS and coordinated the redrawing.
Rosemary Tanaka helped with the captions.
Allison M. Brock coordinated the publishing process. Cassandra Howard helped with proofreading
the plates and captions. Several other individuals at Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden are
appreciated for their professional assistance to the project, namely, Han Xuezhe (韩学哲), Zeng Jianfei (曾
建飞), Xing Xiaochen (邢晓晨), Huo Chunyan (霍春雁), Wang Chunxiang (王春香), Victoria Hollowell, and
Robert Magill.
xii