IJPRD, 2014; Vol 6(10):December-2014 (107 - 111) International Standard Serial Number 0974 – 9446 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------CYANOPHYCEAN ALGAL FLORA FROM THE SOIL OF PRAVARA LIFT IRRIGATED AREA OF SANGAMNER TAHASIL, AHMEDNAGAR. Dr. Sangita Dandwate*1, 1* Dept of Chemistry, SMBST College Sangamner, Ahmednagar.422605 ABSTRACT The importance of soil algae can be attributed to their meagre presence in considerable number , their possibility of survival in darkness of subsoil, retention of vitality for long drought periods and storage of energy. A floristic study was conducted in lift irrigated area of five selected villages from Sangamner Tahasil Dist. Ahmednagar during 2011. In all 25 soil sample were collected from five villages within lift irrigated area .The pH of soil from the different villages in these region were almost neutral to alkaline. A total number of 19 species belonging to 11 different genera (N2 fixing ) were isolated from these soil and identifying with the help of monograph Cyanophyta (Desikachari,1959.) The family Chrococcaceae and Oscillatoriaceae were encountered by maximum number of genera and speciecs. As many as 5 genera and 10 species were reported as belonging to Oscillatoriaceae . Similarly 3genera were also reported from the family Chrococcaceae.The blue green algal species as Oscillatoria, Nostoc, Lynbya and Phormidium were found in soils . Correspondence Author Dr. Sangita Dandwate Dept of Chemistry, SMBST College Sangamner, Ahmednagar.422605 Email: [email protected] Keywords- Cyanophyceae , flora ,soil etc. INTRODUCTION In India the studies on BGA biofertilizers have been initiated in national centre for conservation and utilization of blue green algae (NCCUBGA) at Indian agriculture research institute (IARI) New Delhi in India the pioneer works in this field was done by De (1939)Singh(1961) Venkatraman(1961) Venketraman (1967). Blue green algal biofertilzer plays a vital role in providing biologically fixed nitrogen, carbon and improving the physical and chemical properties of soil, there are several reports on use and recommendation of BGA biofertilizers in paddy crops, very few reports are related to other crops. Different soil samples in and around Sangmner region.viz Sangvi (S1 to S5),Nimgaon b.k.(S6 to S10) Available online on www.ijprd.com 107 International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Development Jorve (S11 to S15),Kolhewadi( S16 to S20)Rahimpur (S21 to S25) MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Sangamner tahasil is located in northern part of the Ahmednagar district of Maharashtra state .The tahasil lies between 18036’to 1901’N latitude and 7401’W to 74056’W longitude. The area drained by Pravara River, which originate in the hilly region of Western Ghats, Ratangarh .The soil of the area are mainly derived from the Deccan basalts. The soil along the bank of the Pravara river are deep alluvial soils .These soils generally black in colour, fine texture,highly fertile and good water holding capacity .Soil microorganisms play a very important role in maintaining soil fertility It is predominantly drought probe area with annual average rainfall 299 to 594 mm and maximum temperature 42 0C in April and May and minimum 10 0C in November and December. Total 25 randomised soil samples from study area were collected for each sample 100 gram soil from upper layer 1 cm layer was lifted, thoroughly mixed ,dried and sieved and were stored in polythene bags cultures were raised in BG-11 , Fogg’s media and Chu’s-10 media. A pure culture was made of each blue green algal species using dilution method These cultures were incubated at 28 -+ 20 0c temperature and 2500lux light intensity provided 19/8h.L/D cycle .the blue green algal forms appearing in the culture flask were isolated and identified with Desikachary T.V. The pH and EC of the soil sample were measured by using standard method. RESULT AND DISCUSSION: In all 25 soil sample were collected from lift irrigated area .The soil pH 7.99 and EC 0.44 dSm1 .Blue green algal species is 19 those belong to 11 genera from two orders embracing four families. Soil samples from Sangamner Tahasil all 19 species ISSN: 0974 – 9446 belong to two orders, viz Chroococcales, Nostocales. More families as compared to other two orders represented Nostocales. Among the Nostocales, more number of genera and species were observed from family Oscillatoriaceae. Order Chroococcaceae was represented by a single family Chroococcaceae and was represented by the 3 genera such as Aphanocapsa, Aphanothece, and Chroococcus . Four families Oscillatoriaceae, Nostocaceae, and Rivulariaceae represented from order Nostocales. The family Oscillatoriaceae was represented by 5 genera such as Arthrospira, Oscillatioria, Phormidium, Lyngbya, and Symploca. The family Nostocaceae was represented by one genera such as Nostoc . The Rivulariaceae belonging two genera like Catothrix and Rivularia. Family Chroococaceae was represented by Aphanocapsa banaresensis while species from Aphanotheceae were Aphanotheceae bullosa and Aphanotheceae prasina (Table 3). The percentage occurrence of various blue green algae was also calculated to known their representation from various soil samples. Similarly, other nitrogen fixing species such as Calothrix membranacea were formed from some soil. This indicated that wastewater encourages the growth blue green algae. Some of the other species and their percentages were from soil samples as below: Lyngbya polysiphonae (52% ) and Lyngbya mesotricha (32%), Oscillatoria obscura (40% ) Oscillateria subbrevis (32% ) Phormidium fragile (60% ), Chroococcus minor (32% ) and Chroococcus minutes (36%) Aphanothece prasina ( 12% ), Nostoc linkia (44 % ) and Aphanothece bullosa (28%). The blue green algal species as Nostoc linckia, Lynbya polysiphonae and Phormidium fragile were found in soils of twenty five different sites. Available online on www.ijprd.com 108 International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Development Table: 1 Number , BGA isolated from soils of Pravara lift irrigated area Sr.No Orders of Number of Families Genera Chrococcales 1 Chrococcaceae 3 Nostocales 2 Oscillatoriaceae 5 Nostocaceae 1 Rivulariaceae 2 Total 11 Table no 2 Distribution of BGA from study area Sr. Blue green algal species Soil samples in which No algal species occurred 1. 2. 3. 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Chroococcus minor (Kutz.) Nag. Chroococcus minutus Kutz.) Nag. Aphanocapsa banaresensis Bharadwaja Aphanothece bullosa (Menegh.) Rabenh. Aphanothece prasina A.Br. Arthrospira sp. Oscillatoria obscura Bruhl et Biswas. Oscillatoria subbrevis Schmidle Oscillatoria sp. Phormidium fragile (Meneghini) Gomont Phormidium sp. Lyngbya mesotricha Skuja Lyngbya polysiphonae Fremy Lyngbya sp. Symploca cartilaginea (Mont.) Gom. Nostoc linckia (Roth) Bornet ex Born et flah Nostoc sp. Calothrix membranacea Schmidle Rivularia sp. ISSN: 0974 – 9446 No. of Species 5 10 2 2 19 Total no. of soil in which species occurs 8 9 6 % of Blue green algal species 32 36 24 3,4,7,8,9,12,13 7 28 11,13,15 17,20 1,4,5,8,9,11,13,16, 17, 23 9,15,16,17,19,21,23,25 9,14,15,16,21,24 4,6,7,8,11,12,13,14, 16,17,19,20,23,24,25 7,10,14,19,21,24 1,5,8,9,16,17,22,23 2,5,8,10,12,15,16,17, 18,20,21,23,24,25 1,4,5,6,9 16 3 2 10 12 8 40 8 6 15 32 24 60 6 8 14 24 32 56 5 1 20 4 16 64 8 4 13 32 16 52 1,2,4,5,7,9,10,13 2,4,5,7,10,12,17,19, 23 5,6,10,21,24,25 1,2,4,5,7,8,9,11,13, 14,15,19,20,21,23,25 1,3,7,11,14,16,21,24 1,3,4,5 1,2,3,4,5,6,12,15,17, 18,19,21,22 Available online on www.ijprd.com 109 International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Development REFERENCES 1. Auti,.B.K.and Pingale S.D. 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