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Structures of Texts
Unpopular: A Love Story
by J. Robbins
CHARACTERS:
Mandy, the most popular girl in school
Alice, Mandy's friend
Roberta, the most unpopular girl in school
Paul, a popular boy
Max, Roberta's friend
Mrs. Carter, a teacher
Stage Set: The cafeteria of a school. There are posters all around the room saying, "Mandy for Class President!" Students are
gathered around the cafeteria in groups, and they all seem to be talking and pointing to one girl. She is seated by herself at a table
eating her lunch. She doesn't seem to notice the students all around her.
(Students are chattering all around the stage.)
Mandy: Can you believe that Roberta? (points to the girl sitting alone) She doesn't even try to fit in with the rest of us. Have
you seen her clothes?
Alice: I know! It's almost like she is from another planet.
Paul: I don't know, Mandy. I think Roberta is nice. She's really smart, too! I asked her a question in math class, and she
knew the answer right away. I'll see you guys after school! (exits)
Mandy: Can you believe that? Paul was actually sticking up for Roberta. We can't let this go on. Everybody in school likes
Paul. If he and Roberta are friends, soon everybody else will start to like her, too.
Alice: What can we do?
Mandy: I have a plan, Alice. We are going to make sure that Paul and Roberta stay far away from each other from now on. . . .
1. What does it mean when the drama states, "(Students are chattering all around the stage)"?
A. The people in the audience are supposed to talk to the actors.
B. The actors are supposed to do a dance to distract the audience.
C. The people playing the students are supposed to talk together.
D. The actors are supposed to start speaking their lines and singing.
2. It is obvious that the passage is a drama because
A. it has a conflict.
B. it has a list of characters.
C. it has line breaks.
D. it has fictional characters.
The Meaning of Magic
A Play by J. Robbins
Characters:
Esmeralda, the Fairy Queen
Luka, the Forest Lord
Tom-Tom, the Troll Prince
Smash, the Ogre
The Dragon
The Fairies, no spoken lines
The Elves, no spoken lines
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Setting: The action takes place deep in the heart of the forest. There are trees all around, and the ground is covered with a thick layer
of leaves. The characters are gathered around in a circle, with the Queen, Prince, and Lord sitting together on tree stumps.
Scene I
Esmeralda:
Luka:
Tom-Tom:
Esmeralda:
Luka:
Tom-Tom:
Esmeralda:
(claps her hands loudly) Attention! Can I have your attention, please?
(grumbles under his breath) Why is she always in charge of these meetings?
(holding his stomach, which is growling loudly) Hey! I'm starving over here. I thought you said there would be food at
this meeting. Or did you expect me to snack on those little bugs over there? (He points to the Fairies, who shake their
wings at him.)
Please come to order, everyone. (It finally gets quiet.) We are gathered here today to discuss whether or not we
should invite an ogre to join our Magic Alliance. I know that many of you are upset about this, and I want to make
sure that everyone gets a chance to share their opinion with the whole group.
Of course we're upset! What did you expect? I don't know how you can even think about letting a loud, smelly ogre
into our group. We formed this Alliance to protect ourselves from dangerous creatures like that.
Besides, if we let anyone else into our group, there will be less food for the rest of us.
(rolls her eyes) Tom-Tom, this is not the time to be worried about our stomachs. The ogre wants to join the Alliance to
protect himself against the Dragon. The Dragon has burned his home and chased him into the forest. Can we really
turn him away? Can we really ignore someone who needs help so badly?
(All the creatures are quiet as they consider her words.)
End Scene I.
3. This play is divided into
A. paragraphs.
B. chapters.
C. scenes.
D. acts.
4. What do the stage directions tell you about Tom-Tom?
A. He is crying.
B. He is angry.
C. He is whispering.
D. He is hungry.
5. In this selection, what is the purpose of the information in parentheses?
A. to tell the audience what to do
B. to show who is speaking
C. to summarize the plot of the play
D. to tell the character what to do
6. What information do we know about the Elves?
A. They are not afraid of the Dragon.
B. They do not say anything in the play.
C. They do not want to be at the meeting.
D. They always agree with the Fairies.
7. There are 7 characters listed for this play. If a class of 15 students wanted to perform this play, which role could
most likely use the extra actors?
A. the Fairy Queen
B. the Ogre
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C. the Fairies
D. the Dragon
8. How many characters speak in Scene I?
A. 7
B. 3
C. 2
D. 4
9. Read these lines from the play.
Esmeralda: (claps her hands loudly) Attention! Can I have your attention, please?
Luka: (grumbles under his breath) Why is she always in charge of these meetings?
What do the stage directions and dialogue tell us about Luka?
A. Luka wishes he was in charge.
B. Luka plays jokes on Esmeralda.
C. Luka is afraid of the Fairies.
D. Luka is angry at Smash.
10. Where does this play take place?
A. in the castle
B. in the ocean
C. in the forest
D. in a movie theater
11. Based on the stage directions, the set of The Meaning of Magic would most likely look
A. like a forest.
B. like a castle.
C. like a dungeon.
D. like a school.
The New House
by J. Robbins
Characters:
JADEN, the older brother
ELI, the younger brother
TALIA, the older sister
SAMARA, the younger sister
FATHER, a very busy scientist
MOTHER, a very busy teacher
Setting:
The inside of the Daveed family's new house. The house is very big and has many empty rooms. One rainy day, the kids decide to
explore the upstairs rooms. Each room they enter is dark and full of old furniture and paintings.
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Act I
Scene I
(Three of the kids enter an empty room. They look around curiously. Samara hides on the other side of the door.)
SAMARA:
(speaking from behind the door) I don't like this room, you guys. It is too dark. Maybe we should go back downstairs
and watch a movie.
JADEN:
Don't worry, little sis. I brought a flashlight. (He turns on the flashlight and shines it around the room. Samara slowly
walks into the room, still afraid.)
ELI:
JADEN:
Cool! I wish I had brought my flashlight. Let me hold that one, Jaden. (He grabs Jaden's arm.)
(pushes Eli away) No! Quit grabbing my arm, Eli.
(The boys wrestle for the flashlight.)
TALIA:
SAMARA:
ELI:
JADEN:
Hey, cut it out, you guys. We don't want to bother Father.
(sadly) What is Father doing, anyway? I hardly ever see him anymore.
You know Father. He is downstairs in his laboratory, doing experiments.
(excited) Hey, look at this!
(The kids gather around Jaden, who is holding up a book that is covered in dust and spider webs.)
SAMARA:
JADEN:
It looks like an old diary. Who do you think it belonged to?
Let's open it and find out!
(The kids gather around to read by the light of the flashlight.)
12. How many characters speak onstage during this scene?
A. 4
B. 6
C. 5
D. 3
13. Based on the dialogue and stage directions, how does Samara feel toward Father?
A. She is angry that he is in the basement.
B. She misses spending time with him.
C. She wants to be a scientist like him.
D. She is afraid to go upstairs without him.
14. How many acts are in The New House?
A. 5
B. 3
C. 2
D. 1
15. What information do we know about the kids' father?
A. what he looks like
B. where he was born
C. what his age is
D. what his job is
16. How many characters are there in this play?
A. 7
B. 6
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C. 10
D. 4
17. Read this line from the play.
Jaden: (excited) Hey, look at this!
What part of this line will the actor say in the play?
A. Hey, look at this!
B. Jaden
C. excited
D. Jaden: Hey, look at this!
Against the Tide:
A Play in Five Acts
by J. Robbins
Characters:
Amy, School Improvement Club president
José, School Improvement Club vice-president
Mary, a fifth-grade student
Vicki, a fifth-grade student
Mrs. Sunni, a fifth-grade teacher
Mrs. Allen, the school principal
Act 1
Setting: The curtains open on a fifth-grade classroom at Allen Elementary School during a student meeting. The students are sitting
around in a circle, with their teacher sitting at the back of the classroom. Mary and Vicki are sitting away from the other kids; they are
not friends with Amy and José, who are very popular at school.
Amy:
José:
(speaks loudly) Okay, I want to call this meeting to order. The School Improvement Club is now in session. José, what
should we do first?
Well, I want to talk about something very serious. (Everyone leans forward to listen.) I think we should throw a party!
(Mary and Vicki look at each other, upset.)
Amy:
That is a great idea! We can sell cookies to raise a bunch of money, and we can have balloons and music and cake.
Of course, not everybody will be able to come. (Amy looks over at Mary and Vicki.)
Mary:
Wait a minute. I thought this was supposed to be the School Improvement Club. How does a party improve our
school?
(Amy and José roll their eyes.)
Vicki:
Mary and I came here today to talk about an idea we have to really improve our school.
José:
(annoyed) Oh, yeah? What idea is that?
Mary:
We want to start a recycling program at our school.
(Mrs. Sunni looks interested and moves closer to the kids.)
Amy:
What? That sounds like a lot of work. Who needs to recycle, anyway?
Vicki:
Recycling is easy, Amy. You've seen how many kids bring soda cans to drink at lunch. Instead of throwing those cans
away, we could set up bins to recycle them.
Amy:
Mrs. Sunni:
This is a dumb idea. I vote with José that we should throw a party. All in favor—
Wait a minute, Amy. I think Mary and Vicki are on to something. Let's talk more about this recycling program.
(Mary and Vicki give each other high-fives. Amy and José look at each other angrily.)
18. Read this line from the play.
José: (annoyed) Oh, yeah? What idea is that?
What part of this line will the actor say in the play?
A. José: Oh, yeah?
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B. José: (annoyed)
C. Oh, yeah? What idea is that?
D. What idea is that?
19. Where does Act I take place?
A. in a factory
B. in a kitchen
C. in a school
D. in a cafeteria
20. What do the stage directions tell us about the kids?
A. The kids do not all speak in the play.
B. The kids are painting the gym.
C. The kids do not all get along.
D. The kids are cleaning up the cafeteria.
21. How many characters speak on stage in Act I?
A. 4
B. 3
C. 6
D. 5
22. How many acts are in Against the Tide?
A. 6
B. 5
C. 1
D. 3
The Meaning of Magic
A Play by J. Robbins
Characters:
Esmeralda, the Fairy Queen
Luka, the Forest Lord
Tom-Tom, the Troll Prince
Smash, the Ogre
The Dragon
The Fairies, no spoken lines
The Elves, no spoken lines
Setting: The action takes place deep in the heart of the forest. There are trees all around, and the ground is covered with a thick layer
of leaves. The characters are gathered around in a circle, with the Queen, Prince, and Lord sitting together on tree stumps.
Scene I
Esmeralda:
Luka:
Tom-Tom:
(claps her hands loudly) Attention! Can I have your attention, please?
(grumbles under his breath) Why is she always in charge of these meetings?
(holding his stomach, which is growling loudly) Hey! I'm starving over here. I thought you said there would be food at
this meeting. Or did you expect me to snack on those little bugs over there? (He points to the Fairies, who shake their
wings at him.)
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Esmeralda:
Luka:
Tom-Tom:
Esmeralda:
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Please come to order, everyone. (It finally gets quiet.) We are gathered here today to discuss whether or not we
should invite an ogre to join our Magic Alliance. I know that many of you are upset about this, and I want to make
sure that everyone gets a chance to share their opinion with the whole group.
Of course we're upset! What did you expect? I don't know how you can even think about letting a loud, smelly ogre
into our group. We formed this Alliance to protect ourselves from dangerous creatures like that.
Besides, if we let anyone else into our group, there will be less food for the rest of us.
(rolls her eyes) Tom-Tom, this is not the time to be worried about our stomachs. The ogre wants to join the Alliance to
protect himself against the Dragon. The Dragon has burned his home and chased him into the forest. Can we really
turn him away? Can we really ignore someone who needs help so badly?
(All the creatures are quiet as they consider her words.)
End Scene I.
23. This play is divided into
A. scenes.
B. paragraphs.
C. acts.
D. chapters.
Above the Dock
Above the quiet dock at midnight,
tangled in the tall mast's corded height,
hangs the moon. What seemed so far away
is but a child's balloon, forgotten after play.
24. In this poem, what does the author compare the moon to?
A. a child's balloon
B. a ship's tall mast
C. a golden ball
D. a quiet dock
The Crazy PLencil
by J. Robbins
My pencil broke—I needed one
to take my spelling test.
I looked into my desk
and found one different from the rest.
This pencil was not yellow,
but a special shade of red.
I read the word upon the side:
"PLencil" is what it said.
I got a piece of paper out
to write a spelling word;
Instead of writing what I meant,
I wrote something absurd!
I tried to write down "scientist,"
but it came out "skyientist";
And on and on the pLencil wrote
a crazy spelling list.
I know you won't believe me,
but a rotten joke's been played,
and, Teacher, you just ought to give
the pLencil this bad grade.
25. What characteristic from this passage proves it is a poem?
A. the use of metaphor
B. the characters
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C. the use of simile
D. the line breaks
The Sailor
by J. Robbins
I am a sailor who dreams of the sea,
but I can't even see her waves.
I only see the land and trees
surrounding me night and day.
My dreams are full of ships and boats
that sail the deep blue sea.
I hear the ocean calling me home,
and I'll go back there soon.
26. What characteristic from this passage proves that it is a poem?
A. the metaphor
B. the line breaks
C. the use of simile
D. the rhyme scheme
Two Brothers
by J. Robbins
My brother, we are one in heart
and one in soul and mind;
We share our time, our secrets, and
the treasures that we find.
We live our lives like twins,
and though we don't share a last name;
To me, you are my brother, and
I know you feel the same.
27. What type of writing is this?
A. a biography
B. poetry
C. a myth
D. drama
The Sun and the Fog Contested
by Emily Dickinson
The Sun and Fog contested
The Government of Day—
The Sun took down his Yellow Whip
_______
28. Which line would complete this poem with a rhyme?
A. To teach the Fog a lesson—
B. But the Fog would not be beaten—
C. And drove the Fog away—
D. And used it against the Fog—
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I woke
To find the sun
Brilliantly dressed in a
golden cape, inviting me to
get up.
29. How many syllables are in line 3 of this cinquain?
A. 6
B. 5
C. 4
D. 2
This Is the Key
This is the Key of the Kingdom;
In that Kingdom is a city;
In that city is a town;
In that town there is a street;
In that street there winds a lane;
In that lane there is a yard;
In that yard there is a house;
In that house there waits a room;
In that room an empty bed;
And on that bed a basket—
A Basket of Sweet Flowers:
Of Flowers, of Flowers;
A Basket of Sweet Flowers.
30. What is the best clue that this is a poem?
A. It is written in lines rather than sentences.
B. It is hard to understand what it is about.
C. It tells a story about a basket of flowers.
D. It has a rhyme at the end of every line.
For Rosa Parks
by J. Robbins
They said, "Stand," but Rosa sat;
She knew it wasn't right
to treat her as if she was wrong
because she wasn't white.
She knew that freedom is a fight
that only brave souls win;
She also knew our value lies
in what's beneath our skin.
Rosa fought for what is right;
Her courage paved the way
for kids like you and me to ride
the freedom train today.
31. What genre does this piece belong in?
A. a biography
B. drama
C. a legend
D. poetry
The princess sits and eats a cake;
She never lifts a hand to bake.
32. When you read this poem out loud, which words or syllables are stressed in the second line? (Hint: Stressed words
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or syllables sound louder or stronger than the others.)
A. -er, she, hand, bake
B. nev-, she, hand, to
C. -er, lifts, to, bake
D. nev-, lifts, hand, bake
33. Both lines of this poem have the same pattern, or meter. How many beats are in each line? (Hint: Each time a
syllable sounds stronger than the others, that's called a beat.)
A. seven
B. six
C. five
D. four
Piggy Bank
by J. Robbins
I love to feed my piggy;
I feed him all the time—
Sometimes a shiny nickel,
a quarter, or a dime;
No matter what I feed him,
he never gets enough—
'cause I always empty him
to go and buy more stuff.
34. Read this poem out loud. How many beats are there in the fourth line? (Hint: Each time a syllable sounds stronger
than the others, that's called a beat.)
A. two
B. three
C. five
D. four
35. Read this poem out loud. How many beats are there in the first line? (Hint: Each time a syllable sounds stronger
than the others, that's called a beat.)
A. five
B. four
C. three
D. two
The Black Box
by J. Robbins
The night was lonely and full of shadows as Sarah and Abe drove up to a deserted park. They looked nervously out the window as
they pulled through the open gates. No one had come by this park for years.
“Are you sure about this, Sarah?” Abe asked, his voice sounding loud in the silence all around them. Sarah jumped at his words
and looked around one more time. She knew that she and Abe had no choice but to carry out their plan, but she was still nervous.
“I know we have to do this, Abe. If we don’t bury this secret tonight, it will haunt us and our family forever,” she said, her voice
barely above a whisper. Both of them turned slowly and looked at the black box in the back seat. The box was covered by a dark
blanket, and it was almost invisible in the dark night. I only wish it were invisible, Sarah thought. If it were invisible, our lives would
never have been ruined by the ghost that haunts this box.
36. What type of writing is this?
A. fiction
B. biography
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C. nonfiction
D. poetry
37. What action from the passage proves that it is a work of fiction?
A. A character refers to a murder.
B. A character refers to a ghost.
C. A character is hiding in a park.
D. A character's car breaks down.
Kim and Louis were walking home from school together when they saw two bullies being mean to their friend Julio. The bullies
were bigger than Julio, and they were laughing at him and chasing him around. Julio was trying to get away from the two boys, but he
was too small to get very far.
"What should we do?" Kim asked Louis. She felt so bad for Julio that tears started to fill her eyes. Louis felt bad for Julio, too, but
he knew that they could not stop the bullies on their own. Their father had always taught them to solve problems with their brains and
not their fists.
"We have to run home and get help!" Louis told Kim. They grabbed their backpacks and started running toward their house.
"Do you think Dad is home from work yet?" Kim asked as they raced toward their house.
"I don't know," Louis replied, "but if he's not home yet, we will call the police to help Julio!" Louis' stomach was hurting with fear
and anger as he ran. Why did some kids pick on other kids?
38. The reader can tell that this is a story because
A. it describes the life of a person.
B. it gives information about bullies.
C. it is written in lines and stanzas.
D. it has characters and a setting.
39. The reader can tell that this is a story because
A. it has characters and a setting.
B. it gives information about bullies.
C. it is written in lines and stanzas.
D. it describes the life of a person.
Unpopular: A Love Story
by J. Robbins
CHARACTERS:
Mandy, the most popular girl in school
Alice, Mandy's friend
Roberta, the most unpopular girl in school
Paul, a popular boy
Max, Roberta's friend
Mrs. Carter, a teacher
Stage Set: The cafeteria of a school. There are posters all around the room saying, "Mandy for Class President!" Students are
gathered around the cafeteria in groups, and they all seem to be talking and pointing to one girl. She is seated by herself at a table
eating her lunch. She doesn't seem to notice the students all around her.
(Students are chattering all around the stage.)
Mandy: Can you believe that Roberta? (points to the girl sitting alone) She doesn't even try to fit in with the rest of us. Have
you seen her clothes?
Alice: I know! It's almost like she is from another planet.
Paul: I don't know, Mandy. I think Roberta is nice. She's really smart, too! I asked her a question in math class, and she
knew the answer right away. I'll see you guys after school! (exits)
Mandy: Can you believe that? Paul was actually sticking up for Roberta. We can't let this go on. Everybody in school likes
Paul. If he and Roberta are friends, soon everybody else will start to like her, too.
Alice: What can we do?
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Mandy: I have a plan, Alice. We are going to make sure that Paul and Roberta stay far away from each other from now on. . . .
40. What does it mean when the drama states, "(Students are chattering all around the stage)"?
A. The people in the audience are supposed to talk to the actors.
B. The actors are supposed to do a dance to distract the audience.
C. The people playing the students are supposed to talk together.
D. The actors are supposed to start speaking their lines and singing.
41. It is obvious that the passage is a drama because
A. it has a conflict.
B. it has a list of characters.
C. it has line breaks.
D. it has fictional characters.
The Meaning of Magic
A Play by J. Robbins
Characters:
Esmeralda, the Fairy Queen
Luka, the Forest Lord
Tom-Tom, the Troll Prince
Smash, the Ogre
The Dragon
The Fairies, no spoken lines
The Elves, no spoken lines
Setting: The action takes place deep in the heart of the forest. There are trees all around, and the ground is covered with a thick layer
of leaves. The characters are gathered around in a circle, with the Queen, Prince, and Lord sitting together on tree stumps.
Scene I
Esmeralda:
Luka:
Tom-Tom:
Esmeralda:
Luka:
Tom-Tom:
Esmeralda:
(claps her hands loudly) Attention! Can I have your attention, please?
(grumbles under his breath) Why is she always in charge of these meetings?
(holding his stomach, which is growling loudly) Hey! I'm starving over here. I thought you said there would be food at
this meeting. Or did you expect me to snack on those little bugs over there? (He points to the Fairies, who shake their
wings at him.)
Please come to order, everyone. (It finally gets quiet.) We are gathered here today to discuss whether or not we
should invite an ogre to join our Magic Alliance. I know that many of you are upset about this, and I want to make
sure that everyone gets a chance to share their opinion with the whole group.
Of course we're upset! What did you expect? I don't know how you can even think about letting a loud, smelly ogre
into our group. We formed this Alliance to protect ourselves from dangerous creatures like that.
Besides, if we let anyone else into our group, there will be less food for the rest of us.
(rolls her eyes) Tom-Tom, this is not the time to be worried about our stomachs. The ogre wants to join the Alliance to
protect himself against the Dragon. The Dragon has burned his home and chased him into the forest. Can we really
turn him away? Can we really ignore someone who needs help so badly?
(All the creatures are quiet as they consider her words.)
End Scene I.
42. This play is divided into
A. paragraphs.
B. chapters.
C. scenes.
D. acts.
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43. What do the stage directions tell you about Tom-Tom?
A. He is crying.
B. He is angry.
C. He is whispering.
D. He is hungry.
Answers
1. C
2. B
3. C
4. D
5. D
6. B
7. C
8. B
9. A
10. C
11. A
12. A
13. B
14. D
15. D
16. B
17. A
18. C
19. C
20. C
21. D
22. B
23. A
24. A
25. D
26. B
27. B
28. C
29. A
30. A
31. D
32. D
33. D
34. B
35. C
36. A
37. B
38. D
39. A
40. C
41. B
42. C
43. D
Explanations
1. Anytime you read a play or drama, you will run across several entries similar to this. They are directions to the
actors playing the parts in the play. The actors are supposed to do whatever the words in the parentheses say.
2. Dramas and plays are meant to be performed with actors for a live audience. The character list before the play
begins is the biggest clue that you are reading a drama. Conflict and fictional characters are not limited to just
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dramas—they appear in fiction and poetry too.
3. This part of the play is called Scene I. This information tells the reader that the play is divided into separate scenes.
4. The stage directions tell us that Tom-Tom is holding his stomach, which is growling loudly. He also mentions food
several times. These are clues that let the audience or the reader of the play know that Tom-Tom is hungry.
5. The information in parentheses is called stage direction. It is only read by the actors in the play. The audience
never hears it. The information tells the actor what to do or how to say the lines. In the first line, the stage direction
says, "claps her hands loudly." This tells the actor playing Esmeralda what she needs to do.
6. In the list of characters, it says, "The Elves, no spoken lines." That phrase means that the Elves do not speak in
the play. The actors just have to act like Elves, but they don't have to memorize any lines.
7. The list of characters just says "the Fairies." It does not give a specific number of Fairies needed in the play. There
could be 2 Fairies or 15 Fairies. The number of Fairies in the play will be different each time the play is performed.
8. The only characters who speak in Scene I are Esmeralda, Tom-Tom, and Luka.
9. The stage directions tell us that Luka is grumbling at Esmeralda. Luka's dialogue shows that he is upset that
Esmeralda is in charge. These clues let the reader and the audience know that Luka wishes he was in charge of the
meeting.
10. The setting is where the action takes place. In a script for a play, look for the heading "Stage Set" or "Setting" for
information about the setting. This play takes place in the forest.
11. The setting is where the action takes place. In a script for a play, look for the heading "Stage Set" or "Setting" for
information about how the stage should look. The audience will see the way the stage looks and understand that the
setting is a forest.
12. Jaden, Eli, Talia, and Samara are all onstage. Each of these four characters speak onstage during this scene.
13. Samara asks her brother what Father is doing, and she says that she hardly ever sees him anymore. The stage
directions say that she speaks "sadly." These clues show the audience or the person reading the play that Samara
misses spending time with Father.
14. There is only one act in this play. "Act I" is printed between the setting information and "Scene I."
15. The description of the characters tells us that the kids' father is a scientist. Therefore, we know what his job is.
16. Characters are the people in the drama. A list of characters usually appears at the top of the script. Jaden, Eli,
Talia, Samara, Father, and Mother are the six characters in this play.
17. The name of the character is on the left side of the page. That just shows who is supposed to speak. The
information in parentheses shows the actor how to say the lines. The part that is spoken is "Hey, look at this!"
18. The name of the character is on the left side of the page. That just shows who is supposed to speak. The
information in parentheses shows the actor how to say the lines. The part that is spoken is "Oh, yeah? What idea is
that?"
19. In a script for a play, look for the heading "Stage Set" or "Setting" for information about how the stage should
look. The stage directions for this play state that Act I takes place in a school.
20. Look carefully at the stage directions. They state that some of the kids are sitting apart from the others because
they do not get along. The stage directions give important clues about what is happening in a play.
21. There are 6 characters listed at the beginning of the play, but there are only 5 that speak in the first act. Mary,
Vicki, Amy, José, and Mrs. Sunni are the five characters that speak in Act I.
22. According to the subtitle, "A Play in Five Acts," there are 5 acts in this play.
23. This part of the play is called Scene I. This information tells the reader that the play is divided into separate
scenes.
24. The first two and a half lines show that the author is talking about the moon. Then, the poem says, "What
seemed so far away / is but a child's balloon, forgotten after play." These lines contain a metaphor, which is a
comparison between two unlike things without using "like" or "as." The author says that the moon "is but a child's
balloon." He or she is comparing the moon and the child's balloon.
25. Line breaks are important in poetry because they show that a poem does not have to be read just sentence by
sentence but line by line as well. Think of each line's end as a pause, and sometimes, you can read more into what is
being written.
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26. Line breaks are important in poetry because they show that a poem does not have to be read just sentence by
sentence but line by line as well. Think of each line's end as a pause, and sometimes, you can read more into what is
being written.
27. Poetry can be distinguished by its line breaks, meter, and sometimes, rhyme scheme. These are characteristics
used primarily in poetry and are rarely seen in fiction, nonfiction, or plays.
28. When two words have the same end sound, they rhyme. Two lines in a poem rhyme when the last word in each
line rhymes. To find the correct answer, look at the last word in each answer option. Then, look at the last word in
each line of the poem. Find two words that rhyme. "Day" in line 2 rhymes with "away," so "And drove the Fog
away—" is the best choice to complete the rhyme in this poem.
29. A cinquain is a type of poem that has five lines. Usually the first line has two syllables, the next line four, the next
line six, then eight, and then two again. The third line of a cinquain always has six syllables.
30. This poem does not rhyme, but poems do not have to rhyme. Notice how the selection is not written in sentences
or paragraphs. It uses lines and stanzas instead. This poem has 13 lines and 1 stanza. Also, the beginning word of
every line is capitalized. This shows that this selection is a poem.
31. Poems have lines and stanzas instead of sentences and paragraphs. This poem has 12 lines and one stanza.
Poems may also use rhythm and rhyme. In this poem, notice how every second and fourth line rhyme.
32. In poetry, some syllables sound louder or stronger than the others. That's what gives a poem its meter. Meter is
the pattern of which syllables sound strong and which ones do not. When you read the second line out loud, it
sounds like "Ta-DUH-da-DUH-da-DUH-da-DUH" ("She NEV-er LIFTS a HAND to BAKE"). In the second line of this
poem, the syllable "nev-" and the words "lifts," "hand," and "bake" are stressed.
33. In poetry, some syllables sound louder or stronger than the others. That's what gives a poem its meter. Meter is
the pattern of which syllables sound strong and which ones do not. When you read the first line out loud, it sounds
like "Ta-DUH-da-DUH-da-DUH-da-DUH" ("The PRIN-cess SITS and EATS a CAKE"). Both lines in this poem have four
beats each!
34. In poetry, some syllables sound louder or stronger than the others. That's what gives a poem its meter. Meter is
the pattern of which syllables sound strong and which ones do not. When you read the fourth line out loud, it sounds
like "Ta-DUH-da-DUH-da-DUH" ("A QUAR-ter, OR a DIME"). The fourth line has three beats in it!
35. In poetry, some syllables sound louder or stronger than the others. That's what gives a poem its meter. Meter is
the pattern of which syllables sound strong and which ones do not. When you read the first line out loud, it sounds
like "Ta-DUH-da-DUH-da-DUH-da" ("I LOVE to FEED my PIG-gy"). The first line has three beats in it!
36. Fiction is a literary work in which the story is produced by the imagination and is not necessarily based on fact.
Some examples of fictional works are mystery stories and fairy tales.
37. The biggest clue that the work is a piece of fiction is Sarah's mention of a ghost haunting a box. Ghosts are most
often used in fictional writing such as mystery or horror stories.
38. Stories are writings that tell a tale. They have characters (people or animals), a setting (when and where the
story takes place), and a plot (a chain of events that happen). The characters in this story are Kim, Louis, Julio, and
the two bullies. The setting of the story is a neighborhood by a school.
39. Stories are writings that tell a tale. They have characters (people or animals), a setting (when and where the
story takes place), and a plot (a chain of events that happen). The characters in this story are Kim, Louis, Julio, and
the two bullies. The setting of the story is a neighborhood by a school.
40. Anytime you read a play or drama, you will run across several entries similar to this. They are directions to the
actors playing the parts in the play. The actors are supposed to do whatever the words in the parentheses say.
41. Dramas and plays are meant to be performed with actors for a live audience. The character list before the play
begins is the biggest clue that you are reading a drama. Conflict and fictional characters are not limited to just
dramas—they appear in fiction and poetry too.
42. This part of the play is called Scene I. This information tells the reader that the play is divided into separate
scenes.
43. The stage directions tell us that Tom-Tom is holding his stomach, which is growling loudly. He also mentions food
several times. These are clues that let the audience or the reader of the play know that Tom-Tom is hungry.
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