Think of this category as the following: In the cartoon, the skinny bird (reactant) and the worm (reactant) combine to make one product, a fat bird. 1. What is another name for this category (Fill it in beside the name already given below) 2. Define this category in your own words 3. Write a generalized equation for this category. 4. Use the example in ( ) to write a balance equation for each “subcategory” shown below. a. Metal and oxygen gas reacting (iron bar rusting making ferric oxide) b. Metal and a nonmetal other than oxygen reacting (silver spoon tarnishes, sulfur is the nonmetal) c. Nonmetal and oxygen gas reacting (nitrogen gas and oxygen gas reacting in your car engine making nitrogen dioxide) d. Nonmetals(no O2) (xenon gas and fluorine gas heated in the presence of Pt/Ni alloy catalyst making xenon tetrafluoride) e. Metal oxide and water (lime, calcium oxide and water) f. Nonmetal oxide and water (sulfur trioxide in the air with water vapor) 5. In the above reactions what subatomic particle is moving? What is the general name for this reaction type? Synthesis ( ) Think of this category as the following: In this cartoon the egg (the reactant), which contained the turtle at one time, now has opened and the turtle (product) and egg shell (product) are now two separate substances. 1. What is another name for this category (Fill it in beside the name already given below) 2. Define this category in your own words 3. Write a generalized equation for this category. What is usually shown above the arrow that makes these reactions “go”? 4. Use an example to write a balance equation for each “subcategory of decomposition” shown below. a. Metallic oxides (silver oxide decompose when heated to about 300oC) b. Metallic carbonates (magnesium carbonate decompose when heated to about 400oC) c. Metallic chlorates (lithium chlorate decompose when heated ) d. Ammonium carbonate decomposes spontaneously at room temperature e. Hydrogen peroxide bubbles when placed onto an open wound f. Electrolysis (molten potassium chloride can be broken down into its elements with electric current) 6. In the above reactions what subatomic particle is moving? What is the general name for this reaction type? Decomposition ( ) Think of this category as the following: Notice, the guy in the dark shirt steals the date of the other guy. So, a part of one of the reactants trades places and is in a different place among the products 1. Define this category in your own words 2. Write two generalized equations for this category. What is needed to determine if a reaction will occur? 3. Use an example to write a balance equation for each “subcategory” shown below. a. Metal and an acid (zinc metal reacts quickly with hydrobromic acid) b. Metal and water (lithium metal reacts vigorously with distilled water) c. Metal and an ionic compound (copper metal reacts with silver nitrate) d. Halogen and an metallic halide (chlorine gas when bubbled into a solution of sodium bromide) 4. In the above reactions what subatomic particle is moving? What is the general name for this reaction type? 5. Underneath the balanced equations in #3 write a net ionic equation for each. Single Replacement Think of this category as the following: Notice, the two guys are exchanging hats and think to yourself that one of the guys after the exchange can not lose his hat. 1. Define this category in your own words. (Why is this category referred to as a de-ionizing reaction.) 2. Write a generalized equation for this category. 3. For a reaction to take place one of three things must happen, what are they and give an example of each case by writing a balanced equation for the demos shown in class. (For letter (d) show a combination when two of these occur at the same time) a. (Aqueous solutions of sodium chloride and silver nitrate form a precipitate when mixed) b. (Aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide neutralizes hydroiodic acid) c. (Aqueous solutions of sodium sulfide and acetic acid produce a rotten egg smell) d. (Limestone is used to neutralize a spill of sulfuric acid) 4. What can help me determine the solubility of the ionic compounds that are made? 5. Underneath the balanced equations in #3 write a net ionic equation for each. Double Replacement 1. Define this category in your own words 2. Write a generalized equation for this category. 3. What will always be one of the reactants “to cause” the burning of the carbon compound, and how does the amount of this influence the products that are made. Give two examples below of this when methane (natural gas) is burned in your Bunsen burner? a. b. 4. Which of the two reactions above is preferred and why? 5. Write a balanced chemical equation for the burning of propane in a gas grill that will produce the most heat? Combustion GENERAL KNOWLEDGE FOR “EQUATION WRITING” 1. What does “descriptive” chemistry mean? 2. Explain why a mixing of two substances doesn’t always results in a chemical reaction? a. What two categories tend to show a possibility of a “No Rxn”? b. How can I predict if there is a reaction or not? And if there is how can I predict products? 3. How can states of matter be shown in an equation? 4. What is used to separate reactants? and products? reactants from products? 5. What are substances on the left side of an arrow in a chemical equation called? 6. What are substances on the right side of an arrow in a chemical equation called? 7. How can I show in the equation if heat or a catalyst is needed to make the reaction “go”? 8. What does the term “balanced” mean in reference to a chemical equation? (In the balancing process what can and CANNOT be changed?) 9. Define each of the following and give an example of each by using the demonstration show in class a. word equation b. skeleton equation c. balanced equation d. net ionic equation Descriptive Chemistry Flip Book (Formulas show chemistry at a standstill. Equations show chemistry in action.) For the thinking chemistry student, are the following chemical reactions? (Want the correct answer go to: http://www.chemtutor.com/react.htm#what) o Table salt dissolves in water? o A hydrated crystal, such as blue vitriol, is dried with heat? o Lightning makes ozone (O3) from oxygen (O2). The ozone then reverts to oxygen? o Carbon dioxide dissolves in water? o Ammonia gas dissolves in water? o With pressure and heat graphite becomes diamond? o An egg is cooked? o A tree dies? NAME: ___________________________PERIOD: __________