1. No category

‫‪ -V‬ﺃﻫﻢ ﻭﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﻧﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻴﲑ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﱐ ﻟﻠﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ‪:‬‬
‫ﻧﺘﻌﺮﺽ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺘﻴﺤﻬﺎ ﺣﻠﻮﻝ ﻭﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﻧﻈﻢ ‪ ،GED‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺑﻠﻐﺖ ﻫﺬﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﻢ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻣﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻀﺞ ﻣﻜﻨﺘﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻣﺞ ﻋﺪﺓ ﻭﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﰲ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﲡﻌﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻧﻈﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﻋﺪﺓ ﻣﻬﺎﻡ ﰲ ﺃﺭﺿﻴﺔ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ﺃﻫﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -1‬ﻣﺎ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‪:‬‬
‫‪Les Métadonnées‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺸﻴﻒ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﶈﻮﺭﻳﺔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ‪ ،GED‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺗﺘﻤﺜﻞ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻡ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﰲ ﺭﺑﻂ‬
‫ﻛﻞ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﲟﺎ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒﻄﺔ ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﳐﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺘﺨﺰﻳﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﺴﻴﲑﻫﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺭﺷﻔﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻋﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﻘﻮﻡ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺒﺪﺃﻳﻦ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻴﲔ‪:‬‬
‫ ﺍﳌﺒﺪﺃ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‪ :‬ﻛﻞ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﳝﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﻭﺻﻔﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﲨﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﳝﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ‬‫ﺗﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺑﻘﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﺸﺮ ﺗﺘﺤﺪﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻣﺎ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒﻄﺔ ‪‬ﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ ﺍﳌﺒﺪﺃ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‪ :‬ﻛﻞ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺮﻓﻘﺔ ﲟﺎ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ‪‬ﺎ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﳝﻜﻦ ﰲ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ ﺭﺑﻂ‬‫ﺃﻭ ﺗﻜﺸﻴﻒ ﻋﺪﺓ ﻣﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﲜﻤﻠﺔ ﻣﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﻭﻣﺸﺘﺮﻛﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺗﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺑﺘﺴﺠﻴﻠﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ‪‬ﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺗﻀﻢ ﳎﻤﻮﻉ ﻣﺎ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒﻄﺔ ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﱵ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺇﺩﺧﺎﳍﺎ ﻭﻛﺘﺎﺑﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﺇﺩﺧﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ )‬
‫‪Bordereau ou Formulaire de‬‬
‫‪ .(Saisie‬ﺗﻌﻜﺲ ﺗﺴﺠﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻭﻣﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺸﻴﻒ ﺍﳌﻌﺘﻤﺪﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺘﺤﺪﺩ ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺸﻴﻒ ﺍﳌﻌﺘﻤﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﻑ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ‪ GED‬ﺍﳌﻄﺒﻖ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺘﺤﺪﺩ ﻫﻴﻜﻠﺔ ﺗﺴﺠﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻧﻄﻼﻗﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﺪﺩ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻭﳏﺘﻮﻯ ﻛﻞ ﺣﻘﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﻜﻮﻧﺔ ﳍﺎ‪ .‬ﻧﺬﻛﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺓ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺘﻜﺮﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺓ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﻨﻴﺔ ﻛﻞ ﺣﻘﻞ ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﻀﻤﻬﺎ )ﺗﻮﺍﺭﻳﺦ‪ ،‬ﺃﺭﻗﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺭﻣﻮﺯ ﺑﻠﺪﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺭﻣﻮﺯ‬‫ﻋﻤﻼﺕ‪.(...‬‬
‫ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺓ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒﻄﺔ ﺑﺄﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﳌﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺮﻓﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﱪﻳﺪ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﱐ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ‬‫ﻭﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﻳﺔ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﻘﻀﻴﺔ ﻗﻀﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﲡﺪﺭ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺸﻴﻒ ﺗﺘﻢ ﻭﻓﻖ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺘﲔ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻴﺘﲔ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﳘﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﺃ ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺸﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﻴﺪﻭﻱ‪:‬‬
‫ﻟﺘﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺸﻴﻒ ﺃﻭ ﺭﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﲟﺎ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒﻄﺔ ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﺃﻏﻠﺐ ﻧﻈﻢ‬
‫‪GED‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﺟﻬﺎﺕ ﺇﺩﺧﺎﻝ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﺪﻋﻤﺔ ﲜﻤﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ‪ ،‬ﺗﺴﻬﻞ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﳌﻜﺸﻒ ﻭﺗﻀﻤﻦ ﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻧﺬﻛﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ "ﻧﺴﺦ‪/‬ﻟﺼﻖ" ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒﻄﺔ ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ ﳝﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺗﻔﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﻉ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺧﻄﺎﺀ ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺇﺩﺧﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﻭﻗﺖ ﻭﺟﻬﺪ ﺃﻛﱪ ﻟﻠﻤﻜﺸﻒ‪.‬‬
‫ ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺇﺭﻓﺎﻕ ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺇﺩﺧﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ‪:‬‬‫• ﻗﻮﺍﺋﻢ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ ﲤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺪﺧﻠﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺗﻌﻠﻖ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻜﺸﻴﻒ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺆﺩﻱ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﺔ ﻣﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﺳﻨﺎﺩ )‪ (Fichiers d’Autorité‬ﺍﳌﻌﻤﻮﻝ ‪‬ﺎ ﰲ ﺑﻴﺌﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺸﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻱ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺗﻘﺪﱘ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻝ ﰲ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺧﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﻗﻮﺍﺋﻢ ﺇﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺇﺗﺎﺣﺔ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﳏﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﲤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﺍﳌﻜﺸﻒ ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ ﻗﻴﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺸﻴﻒ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﻣﻌﻈﻢ ﻧﻈﻢ ‪ GED‬ﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺑﺎﳉﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﺍﳌﺮﺟﻌﻴﺔ )‪ ،(Table de Reference‬ﻭﺍﻟﱵ ‪‬ﺪﻑ ﺇﱃ‬
‫ﺇﻗﺘﺮﺍﺡ ﻗﻮﺍﺋﻢ ﲤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﳌﻜﺸﻒ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺇﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﻷﲰﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻟﻔﲔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺳﺒﻖ‬
‫ﺇﺩﺧﺎﳍﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻝ ﺗﻔﺎﺩﻳﺎ ﻟﻠﺘﻜﺮﺍﺭ‪.‬‬
‫ﺏ ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺸﻴﻒ ﺍﻵﱄ‪:‬‬
‫ﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺸﻴﻒ ﺍﻵﱄ ﰲ ﺃﻏﻠﺐ ﻧﻈﻢ ‪ GED‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺘﲔ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻴﺘﲔ ﻭﳘﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﺏ‪ -1-‬ﺇﻗﺘﻄﺎﻉ ﻣﺎ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻨﺎﺕ‪:‬‬
‫‪Extraction de métadonnées‬‬
‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻋﺪﺓ ﻃﺮﻕ ﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺏ‪ -1-1-‬ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻉ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‪:‬‬
‫‪Récupération d’Informations‬‬
‫ﻛﻞ ﻣﻠﻒ ﺣﺎﺳﻮﰊ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺰﻭﺩﺍ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺁﱄ ﲟﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﻑ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺗﺴﻴﲑ ﺍﳌﻠﻔﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﱵ ﳝﻜﻦ‬
‫ﺇﺩﻣﺎﺟﻬﺎ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺎ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒﻄﺔ ﺑﺎﳌﻠﻒ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ‪ :‬ﺇﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻒ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻞ‪ ،‬ﺍﳊﺠﻢ‪ ،‬ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ‪ ،....‬ﻭﺗﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻧﻈﻢ ‪ GED‬ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻉ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻗﺪ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻣﻔﻴﺪﺓ ﻟﺘﺴﻴﲑ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻋﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺇﺫ ﳝﻜﻦ ﺇﺩﺭﺍﺝ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺁﱄ ﻭﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮ ﺿﻤﻦ ﻣﺎ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ )‪ (Métadonnées internes‬ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺏ‪ -2-1-‬ﺇﻗﺘﻄﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻬﻴﻜﻠﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪Extraction de Données Structurées‬‬
‫ﲤﻜﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻠﻔﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﻮﺣﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻗﺘﻄﺎﻉ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻔﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺁﻟﻴﺔ ﻭﺇﺩﺭﺍﺟﻬﺎ ﰲ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ‪ GED‬ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺁﱄ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻮﻓﺮﻩ ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻔﺘﻮﺡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻝ‪.‬‬
‫‪ODF‬‬
‫ﺏ‪ -2-‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﻣﺎ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺺ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪Induction de Métadonnées‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻧﻈﻢ ‪ GED‬ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﻭﺗﻌﻴﲔ ﻣﺎ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻔﻴﻠﺔ ﺑﺘﻜﺸﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺼﻬﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻋﺪﺓ ﻃﺮﻕ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﲤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﰲ ﻧﺺ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻮﺯ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﰲ ﻟﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺸﻴﻒ ﺍﳌﻌﺘﻤﺪﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﺿﺎﻓﺘﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺗﺴﺠﻴﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺗﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺎﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻲ‬
‫ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﰲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺸﻴﻒ ﺍﳌﻘﻴﺪ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻗﺐ‪.‬‬
‫ ﺇﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺇﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﲤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﲢﻠﻴﻞ ﻧﺺ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﱵ ﻗﺪ‬‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﺗﻌﺒﲑﺍ ﻋﻦ ﳏﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﰲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺸﻴﻒ ﺍﳊﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﻻﱄ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﺗﻌﱪﺍ ﻋﻦ‬‫ﳏﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺁﱄ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﱵ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻗﺎﺩﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ‪ :‬ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺣﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺍﺭﻳﺦ‪ ،‬ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ‪...‬‬
‫ﻫﺬﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﲤﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻈﻢ ‪ GED‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺸﺎﺭ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﻋﻼﻩ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﻖ ﻭ ﻣﻨﺴﺠﻢ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -2‬ﺗﺴﻴﲑ ﺇﺻﺪﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪Gestion des Versions‬‬
‫ﻳﻘﺼﺪ ﺑﺘﺴﻴﲑ ﺇﺻﺪﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﳐﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻷﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﻭﺍﶈﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻟﻠﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﲡﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﲑ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺍﳌﺘﻜﺮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲣﻀﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ‪ .‬ﺇﺫ ﳝﻜﻦ ﻟﻠﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﳍﺎ‬
‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺇﺻﺪﺍﺭ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲣﻀﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺗﻌﺘﱪ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﺔ ﺗﺴﻴﲑ ﺇﺻﺪﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﻔﻴﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺘﻴﺤﻬﺎ ﻧﻈﻢ ‪ ،GED‬ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬
‫ﰲ ﺳﻴﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﺴﻴﻖ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻤﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻳﺼﺒﺢ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻌﺐ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻹﺻﺪﺍﺭ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﻷﺧﲑ ﻟﻠﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﻛﺜﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺧﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ‬
‫ﺗﺆﺩﻱ ﺇﱃ ﻛﺜﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﲑﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻼﺕ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﲤﻜﻦ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﺔ ﺗﺴﻴﲑ ﺇﺻﺪﺍﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻣﻦ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻣﺮﺕ ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﱃ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﻫﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺧﻠﲔ ﻭﻃﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺃﺟﺮﻭﻫﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﺘﻢ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ ﺇﳊﺎﻕ‬
‫ﺭﻗﻢ ﺗﺴﻠﺴﻠﻲ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺇﺻﺪﺍﺭ ﺃﻭ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻟﻠﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺁﱄ‪ ،‬ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺮﻓﻘﺎ ﺑﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺻﺪﺍﺭ ﻭﻫﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺧﻞ‪ .‬ﻭﲤﻜﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻮﻉ ﺇﱃ ﺇﺻﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﻌﲔ ﻟﻠﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﻃﻼﻉ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﳏﺘﻮﻳﺎﺗﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳊﺎﺟﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -3‬ﻗﻮﺍﺋﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﺍﳌﺮﺟﻌﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪Référentiels de Classement‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﺘﱪ ﻗﻮﺍﺋﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﺍﳌﺮﺟﻌﻴﺔ ﲟﺜﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﻐﺔ ﺗﻜﺸﻴﻒ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ‪ ،GED‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻬﻴﻜﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﰲ ﳎﺎﻝ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻲ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻬﲏ ﻣﻌﲔ ﺣﺴﺐ ﳎﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﺋﻢ ﻣﻬﻴﻜﻠﺔ ﺑﻄﺮﻕ ﳐﺘﻠﻔﺔ )ﻫﻴﻜﻠﺔ ﻫﺮﻣﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺩﻻﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،(...‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺘﺨﺬ ﻋﺪﺓ‬
‫ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﻧﺬﻛﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -1-3‬ﻗﻮﺍﺋﻢ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ‪:‬‬
‫ﻭﻫﻲ ﻗﻮﺍﺋﻢ ﺑﺎﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻘﻴﺪﺓ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒﺔ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺒﺎ ﺃﻟﻔﺒﺎﺋﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﺪﻋﻢ ﰲ ﺃﻏﻠﺐ ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ ﺑﺘﻌﺎﺭﻳﻒ ﻭﺷﺮﻭﺣﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﻴﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -2-3‬ﻧﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻒ‪:‬‬
‫ﻭﻫﻲ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻬﻴﻜﻠﺔ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻫﺮﻣﻲ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺭﺗﺐ ﻭﻓﺌﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﺇﱃ‬
‫ﺍﳋﺎﺹ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﲤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﳌﺎﺩﻱ ﻟﻠﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﲝﺴﺐ ﻣﻮﺍﺿﻴﻌﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﻠﺤﻖ ﺑﻜﻞ ﺗﺒﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻓﺌﺔ ﺭﻣﺰﺍ ﳝﻜﻦ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻒ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﳝﻜﻦ ﰲ ﺑﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ ﺿﻤﻦ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ‪ GED‬ﺇﳊﺎﻕ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﲑ ﻋﻦ ﳏﺘﻮﻯ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ ﳝﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﻓﲑ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺇﺗﺎﺣﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻻﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻋﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -3-3‬ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻧﺰ‪:‬‬
‫ﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺑﲔ ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﻗﻮﺍﺋﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﺍﳌﺮﺟﻌﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﺘﻤﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﻑ ﻧﻈﻢ ‪ GED‬ﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﺗﻄﻮﺭﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻀﻢ ﲨﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﻳﻄﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ "ﻭﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ" )‪ (Descripteurs‬ﺗﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻻﻟﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﰲ ﳎﺎﻝ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻲ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻬﲏ ﻣﻌﲔ‪ .‬ﻭﲢﺪﺩ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺣﺴﺐ ﻋﻼﻗﺎ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﻻﻟﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻜﻨﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‪:‬‬
‫‪Terme Générique‬‬
‫ﻫﻮ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﳛﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﻻﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻄﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ "ﺍﻷﺏ" )‪.(Père‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺍﳋﺎﺹ‪:‬‬
‫‪Terme Spécifique‬‬
‫ﻫﻮ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﳛﻤﻞ ﺩﻻﻟﺔ ﺃﺩﻕ ﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺟﺰﺀﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﻄﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ‬
‫"ﺍﻹﺑﻦ" )‪.(Fils‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻷﺟﻞ‪:‬‬
‫‪Employé Pour‬‬
‫ﻫﻲ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺮﺍﺩﻓﺔ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﻌﺘﻤﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﻑ ﻟﻐﺔ ﺗﻜﺸﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻹﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺇﱃ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻌﺘﻤﺪﺓ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ "ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻷﺟﻞ" )‪.(Employé Pour‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻳﺐ "ﺃﻧﻈﺮ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ"‬
‫‪Voir Aussi‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﳛﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺎﺭﺑﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﺗﻘﺎﺭﺏ ﺩﻻﻻ‪‬ﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ " ﺃﻧﻈﺮ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ"‬
‫)‪ (Voir Aussi‬ﻟﻺﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺍﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﻌﺘﻤﺪﺓ ﺇﱃ ﻭﺍﺻﻔﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻣﻌﺘﻤﺪﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -4-3‬ﺟﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻴﲑ‪:‬‬
‫‪Tableau de Gestion‬‬
‫ﳝﻜﻦ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻴﲑ ﻣﻦ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﳊﻔﻆ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﳌﺪﳎﺔ ﰲ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ‪ ،GED‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ‬
‫ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﻭﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﻜﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﺘﻢ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻴﲑ ﰲ ﺃﻏﻠﺐ ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ ﺇﻧﻄﻼﻗﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﺍﳌﻌﺘﻤﺪ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻀﻢ ﲨﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺘﺴﻴﲑ ﻭﺣﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﻧﺬﻛﺮ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ ﻣﺪﺓ ﺍﳊﻔﻆ‪ :‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻢ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﳌﺪﺓ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﻜﻞ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﲤﺮ ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﺪﺀﺍ ﲟﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻏﻠﻰ‬‫ﻏﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺃﺭﺷﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ "ﺍﳌﺼﲑ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ" ﻟﻜﻞ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﺀ ﻣﺪﺓ ﺍﳊﻔﻆ‪.‬‬‫ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹ ﺍﳌﺮﺟﻌﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﺪﺩ ﻣﺪﺓ ﺍﳊﻔﻆ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﱃ ﳐﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ‬‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ‪‬ﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -5-3‬ﺍﻷﻧﻄﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎﺕ‪:‬‬
‫‪Les Ontologies‬‬
‫ﺗﻘﻮﻡ ﺍﻷﻧﻄﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺒﺎﺩﺉ ﺫﺍ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻘﻮﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻧﺰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﺑﲔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﺪﻻﻻ‪‬ﺎ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﲡﺪﺭ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺓ ﺗﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﺑﻘﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﻴﲑ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﺳﻴﻊ ﺣﺴﺐ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻐﲑﺍﺕ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ‪ .GED‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺒﻘﻰ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔ ﺑﺎﻷﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ‪،‬‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺇﺩﻣﺎﺟﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﰲ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﻣﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ ﳝﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﻓﲑ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﻗﻮﻳﺔ ﻭﻓﻌﺎﻟﺔ ﻟﺘﻜﺸﻴﻒ‬
‫ﳏﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬
‫‪GED‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎﺕ ﻭﻣﻼﻣﺢ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﲔ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﲤﻜﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﺩﺍﺓ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﲢﻘﻴﻖ ﺃﻛﱪ ﻗﺪﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺪﳎﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫ ﲤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﲣﻄﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺒﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻀﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﰲ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻋﺎﻡ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -4‬ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪:‬‬
‫‪Moteur de Recherche‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﺘﱪ ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺍﳌﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ‪ ،GED‬ﺇﺫ ﲤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﳏﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺗﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﲤﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ ﺗﻜﺸﻴﻒ ﺗﺴﺠﻴﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﲟﻌﲎ ﺗﻜﺸﻴﻒ ﻛﻞ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﺎ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﻀﻤﻬﺎ ﺗﺴﺠﻴﻠﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻜﺸﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﻨﺺ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻟﻠﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ )‪.(Indexation en texte integral‬‬
‫ ﻛﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻟﻠﻮﻇﻴﻔﻴﺘﲔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺘﲔ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﻓﲑ ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﻧﺺ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﰲ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ‬‫ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﺎ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﰲ ﺍ‪‬ﺎﻟﲔ ﻣﻌﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ ﺗﻮﻓﲑ ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﺑﺎﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻟﻴﲏ )ﻭ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻋﺪﺍ(‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ‪.‬‬
‫ ﺗﻮﻓﲑ ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﺴﺠﻴﻞ ﻭﺣﻔﻆ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺩﺓ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪.‬‬‫‪ -‬ﺗﻮﻓﲑ ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﻭﺗﻐﻴﲑ ﻭﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭﻓﻖ ﺍﳌﻼﻣﺢ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻏﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ‪.‬‬
‫ ﺗﺴﻴﲑ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺎﺫ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﳌﺘﺎﺣﺔ ﰲ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﻜﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﳏﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻧﺬﻛﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﻮﺳﻴﻊ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺮﺍﺩﻓﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ‬‫ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻝ‪ .‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻜﺲ‪ ،‬ﺇﻱ ﺗﻀﻴﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﻣﻌﺎﱐ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﺔ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺐ ﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﻣﻠﻒ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺑﺎﻷﻧﻄﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﰎ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﺽ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ ﺗﻮﻓﲑ ﺇﻗﺘﺮﺍﺣﺎﺕ ﻟﺘﺤﺴﲔ ﻭﺗﻔﻌﻴﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﺟﺬﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬‫)‪...(Lemmatisation‬‬
‫ ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻞ )‪ ،(Recherche Fédérée‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﳝﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﰲ ﻋﺪﺓ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ‬‫ﻭﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﻣﺴﺎﺀﻟﺔ ﲝﺚ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﺴﺠﻴﻞ ﻭﺣﻔﻆ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﺔ ﺑﻐﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﻭﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﳍﺎ‪.‬‬‫‪ -5‬ﺍﻻﻧﺪﻣﺎﺝ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪Intégration bureautique‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻈﻢ ‪ GED‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻧﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﻮﻓﺮﺓ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳊﺎﺳﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ ﳝﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﻧﺪﻣﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻲ ﻣﻊ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﰲ ﺑﻴﺌﺔ ﻋﻤﻞ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺣﺪﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻋﺪﺓ ﻃﺮﻕ ﻟﻼﻧﺪﻣﺎﺝ ﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﻴﺔ ﻧﺬﻛﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -1-5‬ﺗﻮﻓﲑ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ‪:‬‬
‫ﳝﻜﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ‪ GED‬ﲟﺜﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻳﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻷﻗﺮﺍﺹ ﺍﳌﻀﻐﻮﻃﺔ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﺔ ﰲ‬
‫ﺇﻃﺎﺭ ﺗﺸﺎﺑﻜﻲ‪ :‬ﺇﺫ ﳝﻜﻦ ﺗﺴﻴﲑ ﺍﳌﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻹﲝﺎﺭ ﻋﱪ ﳐﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﻭﺣﱴ ﺗﻐﻴﲑ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺗﺘﻤﺜﻞ ﺍﳌﻴﺰﺓ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﳍﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﰲ ﺗﻔﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﲑﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ ﻭﺍﳌﻔﺎﺟﺌﺔ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﲔ‪ ،‬ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻮﺩﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﰲ ﺑﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﺣﺎﺳﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﳛﻔﺰ ﻭﻳﺴﻬﻞ ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬
‫‪GED‬‬
‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺃﺳﻬﻞ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﻑ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﲔ‪ .‬ﻏﲑ ﺃﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺸﻴﻒ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﲟﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﱵ‬
‫ﺗﺘﻄﻠﺐ ﻭﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ‪‬ﺎ ﲣﺘﻠﻒ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﺘﺎﺩ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﻑ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -2-5‬ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺎﺫ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﻧﻄﻼﻗﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﳍﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﻮ‪‬ﺎ ﲤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺎﺫ ﺇﱃ ﺃﻱ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺇﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﺪﳎﺔ ﰲ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬
‫‪GED‬‬
‫ﺍﻧﻄﻼﻗﺎ ﻣﻦ ﳐﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﳊﺎﺟﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﺮﻭﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﻟﻠﻘﻴﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺑﺬﻟﻚ‪ .‬ﻭﳝﻜﻦ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﱯ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ )ﻣﻌﺎﳉﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻝ( ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ‬
‫ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﳊﺎﺟﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻮﻉ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﻭﺍﳊﺬﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﺦ‪...‬ﺇﱁ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -6‬ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻨﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺗﺘﻤﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﺔ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﺎ ﰲ ﲢﻮﻳﻞ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﻋﺎﺀ ﻣﺎﺩﻱ ﺇﱃ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺇﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﲢﻮﻳﻞ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﺇﱃ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺇﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺒﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﺃﻭ ﲢﻮﻳﻞ ﻣﻠﻒ ﺻﻮﰐ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﻣﻠﻒ ﻓﻴﺪﻳﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﻋﺎﺀ ﺗﻨﺎﻇﺮﻱ ﺇﱃ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺇﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻂ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ‪ GED‬ﺑﺘﺴﻴﲑ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﺪﺀﺍ ﻣﻦ ﲢﻮﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺷﻜﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻲ ﺇﱃ ﻏﺎﻳﺔ ﺇﺩﻣﺎﺟﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺗﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺑﻌﺪ‬
‫ﺇﺧﻀﺎﻋﻬﺎ ﳌﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﳉﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺪﺧﻞ ﺿﻤﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﳌﻬﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -1-6‬ﺗﺴﻴﲑ ﺍﳌﺎﺳﺢ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ ﻭ ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺸﻴﻒ ﺍﻷﻭﱄ‪:‬‬
‫ﻭﻫﻲ ﺗﺘﻤﺜﻞ ﰲ ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﰲ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﳌﺎﺳﺢ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ )‪ ،(Scanner‬ﻣﻊ‬
‫ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﺗﻜﺸﻴﻒ ﺃﻭﱄ ﻟﻠﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺇﺩﺧﺎﻝ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ‪ :‬ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺎﺝ‪ ،‬ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ‪ ،‬ﺷﻜﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ‪...‬ﺇﱁ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﰲ ﳎﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﳉﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻼﺣﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ‬
‫ﺳﺘﺨﻀﻊ ﳍﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﳌﺮﻗﻤﻨﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -2-6‬ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ‪:‬‬
‫ﺇﺫ ﳝﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻮﻓﺮ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬
‫‪GED‬‬
‫ﻋﺪﺓ ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ‪ ،‬ﲤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ‬
‫ﺗﻀﻤﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺁﱄ‪ .‬ﻧﺬﻛﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -1-2-6‬ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻮﺯ‪.(OCR) Optical Character Recognition :‬‬
‫‪ -2-2-6‬ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﻣﻮﺯ‪:‬‬
‫‪(ICR) Intelligent Character Recognition‬‬
‫ﻭﻫﻲ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﳌﺨﻄﻮﻃﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻄﺒﻖ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻭﺍﺳﻊ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﻑ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﺮﻗﻤﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻜﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻜﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -3-2-6‬ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﺍﻵﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ‪:‬‬
‫‪(LAD) Lecture Automatique des Documents‬‬
‫ﻫﻲ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻟﺘﻜﺸﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﳌﻬﻴﻜﻠﺔ ﻭﻓﻖ ﺣﻘﻮﻝ ﳏﺪﺩﺓ ﻣﺴﺒﻘﺎ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺁﱄ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻃﺮﻑ ﳌﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺼﺮﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﺘﻜﺸﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﺼﻜﻮﻙ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻜﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺮﻗﻤﻨﺔ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺁﱄ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -4-2-6‬ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﺍﻵﱄ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ‪:‬‬
‫)‪(RAD‬‬
‫‪Reconnaissance Automatique des Documents‬‬
‫ﻫﻲ ﲤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﳌﺮﻗﻤﻨﺔ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺁﱄ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺇﳊﺎﻕ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺑﺮﺗﺒﺘﻬﺎ ﺃﻭ ﻓﺌﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‬
‫ﺿﻤﻦ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﺍﳌﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻃﺮﻑ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ‪ .GED‬ﻭﻳﺘﻢ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﳏﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺁﱄ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -7‬ﺗﺴﻴﲑ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ‪:‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﺘﱪ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﺴﻴﲑ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒﻄﺔ ﺑﻜﻞ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﻣﺪﳎﺔ ﰲ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ‪ GED‬ﻣﻦ ﺑﲔ ﺃﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ‬
‫‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺴﻴﲑ ﻛﻞ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻼﺣﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﺘﻤﺘﻊ ‪‬ﺎ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺣﺴﺐ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻼﻣﺢ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻳﺘﻢ ﲢﺪﻳﺪﻫﺎ ﻣﺴﺒﻘﺎ‪ .‬ﻭﻫﻲ ﲢﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﳝﻜﻦ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺜﻞ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻞ‪ ،‬ﺍﳊﺬﻑ‪...‬ﺇﱁ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﳝﻜﻦ ﺗﺴﻴﲑ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳊﻘﻮﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻼﺣﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻓﺮﺩﻱ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﲨﺎﻋﻲ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻓﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﲔ ﻭﻃﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﻧﺸﺎﻃﻬﻢ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﳌﻨﻈﻤﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -8‬ﺗﺪﻓﻖ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ‪Workflow :‬‬
‫ﺗﻨﺪﺭﺝ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﺔ ﺿﻤﻦ ﻓﺌﺘﲔ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻴﺘﲔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -1-8‬ﺗﺪﻓﻖ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻘﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪Docflow‬‬
‫‪‬ﺪﻑ ﺇﱃ ﺇﺧﻀﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﺇﱃ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﺿﻤﻦ ﻣﺴﺎﺭ ﳏﺪﺩ ﻣﺴﺒﻘﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻞ ﺗﻨﺴﻴﻖ‬
‫ﻭﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﳌﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺧﻠﲔ ﰲ ﺇﻧﺘﺎﺝ ﻭﲢﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺭ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻬﺎﻡ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺘﺪﺧﻞ ﻭﺍﻵﺟﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﲢﺪﺩ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﻭ‪‬ﺎﻳﺔ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺘﺪﺧﻞ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -2-8‬ﺗﺪﻓﻖ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﳌﻬﲏ‪(BPM) Business Process Management :‬‬
‫‪‬ﺪﻑ ﺇﱃ ﺣﻮﺳﺒﺔ ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺃﻭ ﻏﲑ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ‪‬ﺎ‪ .‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ‬
‫ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺭ ﻭﻣﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﺗﺪﺧﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﳌﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﻷﺩﺍﺀ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﺔ ﻣﻬﻨﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -9‬ﺗﺴﻴﲑ ﺩﻭﺭﺓ ﺣﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻭﻫﻲ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﺔ ﲤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺴﻴﲑ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﻋﱪ ﳐﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ ﻋﻤﺮﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﺪﺀﺍ ﲟﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﺮ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﺇﱃ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺭﺷﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺃﺻﺒﺤﺖ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﲝﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﺭﺷﻔﺘﻬﺎ ﲡﻠﺐ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﻨﻈﻤﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺘﺠﺔ ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﺔ ﳍﺎ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﺇﺩﺭﺍﻛﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﺘﺰﺍﻳﺪ ﺑﺄﳘﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺍﶈﺘﻮﻯ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﻳﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ ﺃﻏﻠﺐ ﻧﻈﻢ ‪ GED‬ﺗﺆﺩﻱ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ‪:‬‬
‫ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﳊﻔﻆ ﻭﺍﻷﺭﺷﻔﺔ‪.‬‬‫ ﺗﺴﻴﲑ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻬﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﻔﻆ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﺟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﻏﲑ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻐﻴﲑ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻞ‪،‬‬‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﶈﺘﻮﻯ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺸﻔﲑ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻲ‪.‬‬
‫ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﺇﺩﺭﺍﺝ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺷﻔﺔ ﺿﻤﻦ ﻣﺴﺎﺭ ﺗﺪﻓﻖ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ )‪ .(Workflow‬ﻣﻊ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﳌﺘﺪﺧﻠﲔ‬‫ﺍﳌﺎﻟﻜﲔ ﻟﺼﻼﺣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ ‪‬ﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ ﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻬﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﻔﻆ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺗﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﲣﺰﻳﻨﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻂ‬‫ﻣﺎﺩﻳﺔ )‪ (CD Worm‬ﳊﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -10‬ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﺮ‪/‬ﺍﻹﺳﺘﲑﺍﺩ‪Import/Export :‬‬
‫ﻫﻲ ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻳﺔ ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ‪ ،GED‬ﺇﺫ ﲤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺇﺩﺧﺎﻝ ﻭﺇﺧﺮﺍﺝ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺪﳎﺔ ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻓﺮﺩﻱ )ﻛﻞ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺪﺍ( ﺃﻭ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﳎﻤﻌﺔ‪ .‬ﺇﺫ ﳝﻜﻦ ﺇﺩﺧﺎﻝ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻛﺒﲑﺓ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﺮﻓﻘﺔ ﲟﺎ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒﻄﺔ ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﳊﺎﺟﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺗﻜﺸﻴﻔﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ‬
‫ﳝﻜﻦ ﺇﺩﺧﺎﻝ ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻛﺒﲑﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺗﻜﺸﻴﻔﻬﺎ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻣﻮﺣﺪﺓ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺇﺩﺧﺎﻝ ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺭﺍﺀ ﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺗﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺩﻓﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﲤﻜﻦ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﲑﺍﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺇﺧﺮﺍﺝ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺃﻭ ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﳌﺪﳎﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﻗﺼﺪ ﺇﺩﺧﺎﳍﺎ ﰲ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺁﺧﺮ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﲤﻜﻦ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ‪‬ﺠﲑ ﳎﻤﻞ ﳏﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ‪) GED‬ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ‪ +‬ﻣﺎ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ‪ +‬ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﳊﻘﻮﻕ( ﰲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﻗﺪﱘ ﺇﱃ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﲤﻜﻦ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﲢﻮﻳﻠﻬﺎ ﺇﱃ ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻂ ﻣﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺄﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺼﺪﻳﺮ ‪‬ﺪﻑ ﺍﻷﺭﺷﻔﺔ ﻣﺜﻠﻤﺎ ﺭﺃﻳﻨﺎ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎ‪ .‬ﲝﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻢ ﲢﻮﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﻣﺮﻓﻘﺔ ﲟﺎ ﻭﺭﺍﺀ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺮﺗﺒﻄﺔ ‪‬ﺎ ﺇﱃ ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻂ ﻣﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﻗﺼﺪ ﺣﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﻭﺃﺭﺷﻔﺘﻬﺎ‪.‬‬