ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﮔﺎﻥ ﻧﺎﻡ ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻲ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺍﺭﺗﺶ ﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻱ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ 4 ﺳﺎﻝ ﻫﺸﺘﻢ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ 277ﺗﺎ 282 ﺯﻣﺴﺘﺎﻥ 1389 ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺗﺴﺖ ﻓﺎﻳﺮ ) (Fairﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﮔﺎﺳﺘﺮﻭﻛﻨﻤﻴﻮﺱ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺒﺘﻼﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﻭﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪﻱ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﺷﺮﻳﻒ ﻧﺠﻔﻰ ،1ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﻛﺎﻣﺮﺍﻥ ﺁﺯﻣﺎ ،2ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﺳﻴﺮﻭﺱ ﻋﺰﻳﺰﻯ* ،3ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﻋﻠﻴﺮﺿﺎ ﻋﻤﺎﺩﻯ ،4ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﺍﺣﻤﺪ ﻣﺤﻤﻮﺩ ﺁﺑﺎﺩﻯ ،5ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﺳﻴﻤﻴﻦ ﺳﺠﺎﺩﻯ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﻭﺻﻮﻝ89/5/13 : 6 ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﻗﺒﻮﻟﻰ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ89/9/20 : ﭼﻜﻴﺪﻩ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﻭﻫﺪﻑ :ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻠﻞ ﺩﺭﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﻴﺎﺗﻴﻚ )ﺳﻴﺎﺗﻴﻜﺎ( ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺐ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﻭﻳﺎ ﻓﺎﺷﻴﺎﻱ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻋﺼﺐ ﺳﻴﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﻳﺎ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﺼﺐ ﺳﻴﺎﺗﻴﻚ ،ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﻋﺼﺐ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﺎﺭ ﺳﻴﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻟﮕﻦ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ .ﻋﻠﻴﺮﻏﻢ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻟﻬﺎ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ،ﻭﻟﻲ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺣﺘﻲ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪﺍﻱ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ MRI، CT-scanﻭ ﺗﺴﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮژﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻗﻄﻌﻲ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ .ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻳﻚ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺗﻬﺎﺟﻤﻲ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﺩﻳﺎﮔﻨﻮﺳﺘﻴﻚ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎ :ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ Case -Controlﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ 15ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ )ﺍﺯ 14 ﻧﻔﺮ( ﺑﺎ 19ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ )ﺍﺯ 16ﻧﻔﺮ( ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ 7 .ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ،ﭘﺎﻱ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﺑﻮﺩ .ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺩﻭﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺳﻦ ﻭﺟﻨﺲ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻥ ﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ .ﺍﺯ ﻫﺮ ﺩﻭﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﺑﻪ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ )ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ (Proneﻭﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ (Flexion – adduction – internal rotation) FAIRﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺮﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ SPSSﻭﻳﺮﺍﻳﺶ 16ﺗﺤﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻱ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ :ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ LATENCYﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻭ FAIRﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻣﻌﻨﻲﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺑﻴﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺷﺪ ﻭﻟﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻪ ) (Amplitudeﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻣﻌﻨﻲﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺩﻭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻧﺸﺪ .ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺗﺎﺧﻴﺮ ﺩﺭ LATENCYﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ 2/346 ms Hﺑﻮﺩ. ﺑﺤﺚ ﻭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪﮔﻴﺮﻱ :ﺗﺴﺖ ﻓﺎﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻭﺗﺎﺧﻴﺮ ﺩﺭ LATENCYﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ. ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻱ :ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ،ﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ ،Hﺗﺴﺖ ﻓﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﻓﻮﻗﺎﻧﻲ – ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﺗﺮﻭﻛﺎﻧﺘﺮ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻥ ﻓﻤﻮﺭ ﻣﻲﭼﺴﺒﺪ )ﺷﻜﻞ.(1 ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﻳﻚ ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﭘﻬﻦ ﻭﻫﺮﻣﻲ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻭﺍﺭﻳﺎﺳﻴﻮﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻴﻚ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﻱ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻋﺼﺐ ﺳﻴﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﻭﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﻭﻧﺘﺮﻭﻟﺘﺮﺍﻝ ﻣﻬﺮﻩﻫﺎﻱ S2-S4ﻣﻬﺮﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﺎﻛﺮﻭﻡ ﻧﺸﺄﺕ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭﺳﭙﺲ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ) .(1ﺩﺭ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒ ًﺎ %20ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ،ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﺎﺭ ﺳﻴﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻭﺧﻠﻒ ﻋﺼﺐ ﺳﻴﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭﺑﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻋﺼﺐ ﺳﻴﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﻭﻳﺎ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ 1ـ 2ـ 3ـ 4ـ 5ـ 6ـ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺩﻳﺎﺭ ،ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ،ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ،ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻰ ﺁﺟﺎ ،ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻃﺐ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥﺑﺨﺸﻰ ،ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﻣﺎﻡ ﺭﺿﺎ)ﻉ( ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺩﻳﺎﺭ ،ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ،ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ،ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻰ ﺁﺟﺎ ،ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻃﺐ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥﺑﺨﺸﻰ ،ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﻣﺎﻡ ﺭﺿﺎ)ﻉ( ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺩﻳﺎﺭ ،ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ،ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ،ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻰ ﺁﺟﺎ ،ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻃﺐ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥﺑﺨﺸﻰ ،ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﻣﺎﻡ ﺭﺿﺎ)ﻉ( ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺮ ،ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﻃﺐ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥﺑﺨﺸﻰ ،ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ،ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ،ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻰ ﺁﺟﺎ ،ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻃﺐ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥﺑﺨﺸﻰ ،ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﻣﺎﻡ ﺭﺿﺎ)ﻉ( )*ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﺴﻮﻭﻝ( ﺁﺩﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻚ[email protected] : ﺗﻠﻔﻦ021-85953476 : ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺮ ،ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﻃﺐ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥﺑﺨﺸﻰ ،ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ،ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ،ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻰ ﺁﺟﺎ ،ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻃﺐ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥﺑﺨﺸﻰ ،ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﻣﺎﻡ ﺭﺿﺎ)ﻉ( ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﮕﺮ ،ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﻃﺐ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥﺑﺨﺸﻰ ،ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ،ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ ،ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻰ ﺁﺟﺎ ،ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻃﺐ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥﺑﺨﺸﻰ ،ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﻣﺎﻡ ﺭﺿﺎ)ﻉ( 278 ﺳﺎﻝ ﻫﺸﺘﻢ ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻲ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺍﺭﺗﺶ ﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻱ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ 4 ﺯﻣﺴﺘﺎﻥ 1389ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ﻣﺴﻠﺴﻞ 32 ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﺥ ﺧﻠﻔﻲ ﻧﺨﺎﻉ ﺑﺎ ﻓﻴﺒﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﺮﻛﺘﻲ ﺁﻟﻔﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﻋﺼﺐ ﺩﻫﻲ ﻣﻴﻜﻨﻨﺪ ﺳﻴﻨﺎﭘﺲ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻨﺪ ) .(22 ،21ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ (Onset ) Latencyﻭ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺝ ﻭﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻪ ) (amplitudeﺁﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺷﺪﺕ ﻭﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﺍﺳﺖ ).(23 ﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﮔﺎﺳﺘﺮﻭﻛﻨﻤﻴﻮﺱ – ﺳﻮﻟﺌﻮﺱ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭﺩﺭ ﻃﻲ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﺁﻭﺭﺍﻥ – ﻭﺍﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﻭﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ .ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎﺋﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﻳﻚ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ ﻭ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮﺩﻱ (physical and functional ) impingementﺍﺳﺖ ،ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻓﺎﻳﺮ ) (FAIR: flexion, adduction, internal rotationﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺗﺸﺪﻳﺪ ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ) (25 ،24ﻭ ﺗﺸﺪﻳﺪ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﺑﺮ ﺷﻜﻞ -1ﻧﻤﺎﻱ ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺧﻠﻒ ﻟﮕﻦ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻋﺼﺐ ﺳﻴﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﻳﺎ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺩﻭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺗﺎﻧﺪﻭﻧﻲ ﻳﺎ ﻋﻀﻼﻧﻲ ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﻭﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻲ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﮔﺮﺩﺩ(27-25) . ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﻭﻋﺼﺐ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﺬﺭﺩ ،ﻭ ﺩﺭ % 10ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺍﻋﺼﺎﺏ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺗﺴﺖ ﻓﺎﻳﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﺸﻜﻮﻙ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻴﺒﻴﺎﻝ ﻭﭘﺮﻭﻧﺌﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﻏﻼﻑ ﻭﺩﺭ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﻜﻲ ﻫﻢ ﻧﻴﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻭﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً ﺩﺭ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﻭﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻌﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺭﻭﺷﻲ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺍﻛﺜﺮﺍ ً ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﭘﺮﻭﻧﺌﺎﻝ ﻭﺑﻨﺪﺭﺕ ﺗﻴﺒﻴﺎﻝ ﺧﻠﻔﻲ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺩﻗﻴﻖﺗﺮ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺗﻬﺎﺟﻤﻲ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ. ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ ).(8-1 ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﻭﻳﺎ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻋﺼﺐ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎ ﺳﻴﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﻳﺎ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻴﻦ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻟﮕﻦ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ-ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ) (case – controlﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﺑﺪﻭ ﺍﻣﺮ ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﺳﻴﺎﺗﻴﻜﺎ ﻭﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ .ﺍﺯ %0/25ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﻗﺒﻠﻲ ﻭ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻱ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ 15ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ %36ﻋﻠﻞ ﺳﻴﺎﺗﻴﻜﺎ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﻣﻲﺩﺍﻧﻨﺪ ).(13-9 ﺁﻣﺪ )ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 1ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭﮔﻴﺮﻱ 2ﭘﺎ ﻭ 13ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺩﺭﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻳﻚ ﭘﺎ(. ﻭﻟﻲ ﻫﻴﭽﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﺭﺟﺤﻴﺖ ﻭﺍﺿﺢ ﺳﻨﻲ ﻭﺟﻨﺴﻲ ﺑﺎﺭﺯ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻜﺎﻳﺖ ﺩﺭﺩ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﮔﻠﻮﺗﺌﺎﻝ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ).(14 ،10 ﺩﺭ ﻃﻲ ﺳﺎﻝ 1388ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻃﺐ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻲ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻣﺘﺎﺳﻔﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻟﮕﻦ ﻭﻋﺪﻡ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ ﺍﻣﺎﻡ ﺭﺿﺎ )ﻉ( ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ .ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻭﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﻪ ﻭﻫﻢ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ﻳﻚ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ ﺗﻨﺪﺭﻧﺲ ﻋﻤﻘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﺷﻴﺎﺭ ﺳﻴﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﺑﺰﺭگ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭﺳﭙﺲ ﻛﻠﻴﻨﻴﻜﻲ ﻳﺎ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻛﻠﻴﻨﻴﻜﻲ ﻗﻄﻌﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺁﻥ ،ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺷﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺴﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻠﻴﻨﻴﻜﻲ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ ﻧﺎﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺩ ﺑﻘﻴﻪ PACEﻭ Freibergﻭﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺗﺴﺖ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻛﻠﻴﻨﻴﻜﻲ Nerve conduction ﻋﻠﻞ ﺩﺭﺩ ﺳﻴﺎﺗﻴﻚ ،ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﻣﻴﮕﺮﺩﺩ ) .(19-15ﻳﻜﻰ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ) studying (NCSﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻭ ﺭﺩ ﻋﻠﻞ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻜﻮﻟﻮﭘﺎﺗﻲ ،ﻧﻮﺭﻭﭘﺎﺗﻲ، ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﻲ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩ ﺷﺪﻩ ،ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ H ﻣﻴﻮﭘﺎﺗﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ .ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﺩ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﻛﻤﺮ ،ﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻫﺎﻓﻤﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ 1918ﻣﻴﻼﺩﻱ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪ ) .(20ﺍﻣﺎ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﺳﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺎﻩ ﺍﺧﻴﺮ ،ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺩﻳﺴﻚ ﻛﻤﺮ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﺁﻥ ﺗﺎ ﺳﺎﻝ 1956ﻭ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﻣﺎﮔﻼﻭﺭﻱ ﻭ ﻣﻜﺪﻭﮔﺎﻝ EMGﻏﻴﺮ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ .ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ Ia ﭘﺎﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ )7ﭘﺎﻱ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ( ﻭﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﺮﺍﺟﻌﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﻨﺸﺎ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺪﺕ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﮔﺰﻳﻤﻢ )(Sub Maximal ﻋﻠﻞ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺸﻜﻼﺕ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﻲ ﻭﻛﻤﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺨﺶ NCSﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ .ﺑﻘﻴﻪ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻧﺒﻮﺩ ) .(21ﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﻓﻴﺒﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﺴﻲ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﺷﺮﻳﻒ ﻧﺠﻔﻲ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺗﺴﺖ ﻓﺎﻳﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ 279 ﭘﺎﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﻠﻲ ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﺭﺍﺩﻳﻜﻮﻟﻮﭘﺎﺗﻲ ،ﺗﺮﻭﻣﺎ ﻭﺗﺰﺭﻳﻖ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻤﺎﺕ :ﺩﻳﻮﺭﻳﺸﻦ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ،1msﻓﺮﻛﺎﻧﺲ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ، sensivity: ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﻧﮕﺮﺩﻳﺪﻧﺪ. 0/2 mv/dsweep: 10 ms/d، 0/5hzﻭ ﻓﻴﻠﺘﺮ low freq: 20 hzﻭ high freq: ﺍﺯ ﻫﺮ ﺩﻭﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ،ﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻴﻚ ) Proneﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ 10 Khzﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﻓﺖ .ﺟﻬﺖ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻭﺩﻗﺖ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ،ﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ 2 Hﺑﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻫﺎﻓﻤﻦ( ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ ) (28ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ .ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻪ ﻭﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﺟﺰﺋﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ ﻭﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ PICK UPﻭ ﮔﺮﺍﻧﺪ ،ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ latencyﺩﺭﻃﻲ ﺗﺴﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ).(35-28 ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻟﺘﺮﺍﻝ ﺩﻛﻮﺑﻴﺘﻮﺱ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻃﻮﺭﻳﻜﻪ ﭘﺎﻱ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻭﭘﺎﻱ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺩﺭ latencyﻭ ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻪ ﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻭﻓﺎﻳﺮ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻖ )(flexion ﺗﻔﺮﻳﻖ ﺟﺒﺮﻱ )ﻣﺜ ّ ﻼ latencyﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻓﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻨﻬﺎﻱ latency ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭﺗﺎ ﺣﺪ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ adductionﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻴﻚ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ( ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻭﺳﭙﺲ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ 45ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﻳﺎ ﺣﺪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺎﻝ ﺭﻭﺗﻴﺸﻦ ﺑﺮﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻧﺮﻡ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﺭ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻱ SPSSﻭﻳﺮﺍﻳﺶ 16ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﻭ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺎﻝ ﺭﻭﺗﻴﺸﻦ ﭘﺎﺳﻴﻮ ﺭﺍﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ )ﭘﻮﺯﻳﺸﻦ (Fair ﺑﻪﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﻭ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ. ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﺩ ،ﻭﺳﭙﺲ ﻫﻴﭗ ﻭﺯﺍﻧﻮ ﺗﺎ 90ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺧﻢ ﻭ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﺩﻭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ .ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻓﺎﻳﺮﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻً ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﺭﺩﻧﺎﻙ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺩﺭﺩ ﻧﻤﻲﺷﻮﺩ ).(24 ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ )ﺷﻜﻞ (2 ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 15ﭘﺎ ﺍﺯ 14ﻧﻔﺮ ) 9ﺯﻥ ) (%64ﻭ 5ﻣﺮﺩ ) (%36ﺑﺎ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺳﻨﻲ 43/7ﺳﺎﻝ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 16ﻧﻔﺮ 8ﺯﻥ )(%50 ﻭ 8ﻣﺮﺩ ) (%50ﺑﺎ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺳﻨﻲ 41/8ﺳﺎﻝ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ. %47ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﺗﺮﻭﻣﺎﻱ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻟﮕﻦ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺷﻐﻠﻲ ،ﻭﺭﺯﺷﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺫﻛﺮ ﻣﻲﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ ﻭﻟﻲ %53ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺮﻭﻣﺎ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ﺗﺴﺖ ﺷﻜﻞ -2ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻓﺎﻳﺮ PACE ﺩﺭ %78/6ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺷﺪ ﻭﻟﻲ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ FREIBERGﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻓﻘﻂ %50ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ %28/5ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺴﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﺩﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻫﺮ ﺩﻭ ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ. ﻣﻲﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻋﻠﻲﺭﻏﻢ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺣﺘﻲ ﺩﻣﺎﻱ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﻭ ﺳﺮﻣﺎ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ latencyﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ،2/346 ms ﺍﺛﺮ ﻭﺍﺿﺤﻲ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ) ،(29ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺩﻣﺎﻱ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ 0/368 msﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﻣﻌﻨﻲﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺩ )ﺟﺪﻭﻝ (1 ﻣﻌﺎﻳﻨﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﻣﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﺩﻳﺠﻴﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻪ ﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﺩﺭ ﺩﻭﺣﺎﻟﺖ Base to Peak ﺍﺯ 30ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻴﮕﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﻮﺩ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻻﻣﭗ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﻱ 30ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﻭ Peak to Peakﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭﺩﻭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻣﻌﻨﻲﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﻣﻲﺷﺪ. ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻛﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ ﻧﺸﺪ )) .(P>0/5ﺟﺪﻭﻝ (2 ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ ﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻳﻚ ﻓﺮﺩ ﻣﺘﺒﺤﺮ ،ﻭﺑﺎ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ Medtronicﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ latencyﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﺩﺭ 7ﭘﺎﻱ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ – 1ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪﻱ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ latencyﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﻗﺒﻞ ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺴﺖ Fairﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ t »ÉY{ÊÀ ÃÁ³ »¬|ÃZ»M Y ]µfÀ¯ Á Z¼Ì 7/485 <0/001 ]ÊeZa·°Ë{Y Á Z¼Ì 7/570 <0/001 1/930 ¯ÊeZa·°Ë{Y Á µfÀ -0/168 0/868 -0/048 P-value »ZÅcÁZ¨e ¾Ì´¿ZÌ ZÅcÁZ¨e {Y|¿ZfY ¥Yv¿Y §ZÅcÁZ¨e |{ 95 ½ZÀ̼Y ĸZ ÓZ] |u ¾ÌËZa |u 1/978 0/264 2/516 1/439 0/254 2/455 1/404 0/287 0/539 -0/635 280 ﺳﺎﻝ ﻫﺸﺘﻢ ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻲ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺍﺭﺗﺶ ﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻱ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ 4 ﺯﻣﺴﺘﺎﻥ 1389ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ﻣﺴﻠﺴﻞ 32 ﺟﺪﻭﻝ - 2ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪﻱ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻪ ﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﻗﺒﻞ ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺴﺖ ﻓﺎﻳﺮ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ÃÁ³ Amplitude ]µfÀ¯Á Z¼Ì ]Á Z¼Ì ÊeZa·°Ë{Y ¯µfÀ ÊeZa·°Ë{YÁ »¬|ÃZ»M Y »ÉY{ÊÀ t P-value »ZÅcÁZ¨e ¾Ì´¿ZÌ {Y|¿ZfY ¥Yv¿Y ZÅcÁZ¨e §|{ 95 ½ZÀ̼Y ĸZ ZÅcÁZ¨e ÓZ] |u ¾ÌËZa |u amplitude-BP 0/438 0/664 0/032 0/073 0/182 -0/117 amplitude-PP 0/347 0/731 0/06 0/173 0/412 -0/292 amplitude-BP 1/724 0/097 0/139 0/0807 0/305 -0/027 amplitude-PP 0/932 0/360 0/155 0/167 0/500 -0/188 amplitude-BP 1/265 0/216 0/107 0/084 0/280 -0/066 amplitude-PP 0/498 0/622 0/095 0/192 0/489 -0/298 )ﻋﻀﻮ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ( ﺑﺎ ﺑﻘﻴﻪ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ )12ﭘﺎ( ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻣﻌﻨﻲﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺑﺤﺚ ﻭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ).(p-value > 0/05 ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﺎﺧﻴﺮ latencyﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺗﺴﺖ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ 2/346 msﺑﻪﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﺿﺤﻲ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻲﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻌﻨﻲﺩﺍﺭ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ) .(p-value > 0/05ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻣﻌﻨﻲﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭﻧﺸﺎﻧﺪﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺗﺴﺖ ﻓﺎﻳﺮ ﺑﺮ latencyﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻣﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﭘﺎﻱ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺑﺎ ﭘﺎﻱ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ. ﺍﻳﻦ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ Fishmanﻭ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﺍﻥ ) (25ﻛﻪ 2/66 msﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﻪ 0-6ﻣﺎﻩ6-12 ، ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ .ﻭﻟﻲ ﻫﻴﭻﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺗﺴﺖ ﻓﺎﻳﺮ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺎﻩ ﻭﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ 12ﻣﺎﻩ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻣﻌﻨﻲﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻪ ﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﺑﻪﺩﺳﺖ ﻧﻴﺎﻣﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ latencyﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﻗﺒﻞ ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺴﺖ ﻓﺎﻳﺮ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻧﺸﺪ ﻭﻟﺬﺍ ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻪ ﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﺑﻪ ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻭﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. H Fishmanﻭ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﺍﻧﺶ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻪ ﻫﻴﭻ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻧﻜﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻭﮔﺰﺍﺭﺷﻲ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮﻱ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ latencyﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺖ ).(P>0/5 ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ .ﺑﻪﻋﻼﻭﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪﻱ ﻣﺎ ،ﻫﻴﭻ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪﺍﻱ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺟﻨﺴﻴﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ latencyﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ H ﺍﺛﺮ ﺗﺴﺖ ﻓﺎﻳﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﮔﺎﺳﺘﺮﻭﻛﻨﻤﻴﻮﺱ – ﺳﻮﻟﺌﻮﺱ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺴﺖ ﻓﺎﻳﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﻣﻌﻨﻲﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺩﻳﺪﻩ ﻧﺸﺪ ).(P>0/5 ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺳﻦ ،ﺟﻨﺲ ﻭﻃﻮﻝ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﻧﻴﺎﻣﺪ .ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺬﻛﻮﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ - 3ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪﻱ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ latencyﻗﺒﻞ ﻭ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻓﺎﻳﺮ ﺑﻴﻦ ﭘﺎﻱ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻭﺑﻘﻴﻪ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻧﺸﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ. ﻫﻴﭻ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪﺍﻱ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺗﺴﺖ ﻓﺎﻳﺮ ﺑﺮ latency ﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ H ﻋﻀﻠﻪ {Y| e »¾Ì´¿ZÌ {Y|¿ZfY ¥Yv¿Y ﮔﺎﺳﺘﺮﻭﻛﻨﻤﻴﻮﺱ – ﺳﻮﻟﺌﻮﺱ ﺩﺭ 7ﭘﺎﻱ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ )ﻋﻀﻮ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ( Z¼Ì] {Y§Y º·Z ÉZa 7 0/0714 0/546 ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻘﻴﻪ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ )12ﭘﺎﻱ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ( º·Z ÃÁ³ 12 0/541 0/951 ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﺪﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻭ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮ ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻲ )ﺍﻛﺴﺘﺮﻧﺴﻴﻚ( ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ )ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺴﻴﻚ( ﺟﺪﻭﻝ - 4ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪﻱ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ latencyﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﭘﺎﻱ ﺳﺎﻟﻢ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻘﻴﻪ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ »¬|Y t ÃZ»M »ÉY{ÊÀ »¾Ì´¿ZÌ ZÅcÁZ¨e -0/229 0/821 -0/113 §½ZÀ̼Y ĸZ ¥Yv¿Y {Y|¿ZfY ÓZ] |u ¾ÌËZa |u 0/492 0/926 -0/153 ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﻓﻮﻕ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺗﺮﻭﻣﺎﻱ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻳﺎ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻟﮕﻦ %47 ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪ.ﺩﺭ ﺑﻌﻀﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ %50ﺫﻛﺮ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺮﻭﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﺩﻛﺘﺮ ﺷﺮﻳﻒ ﻧﺠﻔﻲ ﻭ ﻫﻤﻜﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺗﺴﺖ ﻓﺎﻳﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ 281 ﻗﺎﻳﻞ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ،ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭﺻﺪ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺳﻴﺮ ﺁﻫﺴﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻳﺪ ﭼﺸﻤﻲ ﻭﻧﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺭﻩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻭﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺩﻳﺮﺭﺱ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻏﻠﺐ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻓﺮﺍﻣﻮﺵ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﺯﻭﺍﻳﺎﻱ ﻓﻠﻜﺸﻦ ،ﺍﺩﺍﻛﺸﻦ ﻭﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺎﻝ ﺭﻭﺗﻴﺸﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻳﻢ (37 ،36) Freibergﻭ (38) Sunderlandﻭ ﺑﻌﻀﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺤﻘﻘﻴﻦ )(10 ،4 ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ،ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﺩﻧﺎﻛﻲ ﺗﺴﺖ ﻭﻋﺪﻡ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩ ﻛﺮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﭘﺮﻭﻧﺌﺎﻝ ﻋﺼﺐ ﺳﻴﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺯﻭﺍﻳﺎﻱ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻱ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻭﺩﺭ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺗﻴﺒﻴﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺪﺗﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ (3) Yeoman ،(2) Pecinaﻭ Gotlin ﺑﻴﻦ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻭﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ. ) (8ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﭘﺮﻭﻧﺌﺎﻝ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺍﺯﺑﻴﻦ ﺗﺎﻧﺪﻭﻥ ﺩﻭ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﻮﻉ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻥ ﺩﺭﺩ ﺳﻴﺎﺗﻴﻚ ﻭﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻭﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﻣﻲﮔﺬﺭﺩ ﻭﺗﺤﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﺩ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﺭﺩﻩ ﺑﺮ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻭﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺷﻴﻮﻉﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺍﺟﺴﺎﺩ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭﻫﻴﭻ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪﺍﻱ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﻛﻠﻴﻨﻴﻜﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﺍﺭﻳﺎﺳﻴﻮﻧﻬﺎﻱ ﺁﻧﺎﺗﻮﻣﻴﻜﻲ ﻋﺼﺐ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺳﻴﺎﺗﻴﻜﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻛﻤﺮ ﻭﻟﮕﻦ ﻭﺩﺭ ﺣﻴﻦ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ EDX ﻭﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ) .(24ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ H ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﺗﻴﻚ latency ،ﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﺑﻪ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻓﺎﻳﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻀﻠﻪ ﮔﺎﺳﺘﺮﻭﻛﻨﻤﻴﻮﺱ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻭﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﺑﺮ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺒﺘﻼﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﺍﻏﻠﺐ ﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﭘﺮﻭﻧﺌﺎﻝ ﺑﺎ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ. ﻭﻳﺎ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺗﺴﺖ ﻓﺎﻳﺮ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﻧﻤﻲﺁﻳﺪ ،ﺣﺘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻲ ﻳﻚ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ، ﻋﻼﻳﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻴﻨﻲ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﺮ ﻋﺼﺐ ﭘﺮﻭﻧﺌﺎﻝ ﻧﻴﺰ latencyﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﻃﻮﻻﻧﻲ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺴﺖ ﻓﺎﻳﺮ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪﺍﻱ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ ).(24 ﺑﻴﻦ ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ) (45-39ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺘﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ: ﺷﻮﺩ. ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﺩﺭ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻣﺴﻦ ﻛﻪ ﮔﺎﻫﻲ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻧﺮﻣﺎﻝ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻃﺮﻓﻪ ﺭﻓﻠﻜﺲ Hﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ. ﺗﺸﻜﺮ ﻭ ﻗﺪﺭﺩﺍﻧﻰ ﻣﺒﺘﻼﻳﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﺮﺩﺭﺩ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺪﻳﻦﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳﺎﺗﻴﺪ ﻣﺤﺘﺮﻡ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻃﺐ ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻜﻰ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥﺑﺨﺸﻰ ﺗﺸﻜﺮ ﺳﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ ) (BIASﺍﺯ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻱ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ. ﻭ ﻗﺪﺭﺩﺍﻧﻰ ﻣﻰﮔﺮﺩﺩ. ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻓﺎﻳﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻡ ﭘﻴﺮﻳﻔﻮﺭﻣﻴﺲ ﺩﺭﺩﻧﺎﻙ References infiltration of the perisciatic nerve. Preliminary results. Eur Jankiewicz JJ, Hennrikus WL, Houkom JA. The appearance Radiol. 2008;18 (3): 616-20. Colmegna I, Justiniano M, Espinoza LR, Gimenez CR. of the piriformis muscle syndrome in computed tomography 7- and magnetic resonance imaging. A case report and review Piriformis pyomyositis with sciatica: an unrecognized of the literature. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1991 ; (262): 205-9. complication of “unsafe” abortions. J Clin Rheumatol. Pecina M. Contribution to the etiological explanation of the 2007;13 (2): 87-8. Gotlin RS. Piriformis muscle syndrome. New York Academy 2- piriformis syndrome. Acta Anat (Basel). 1979;105 (2): 181-7. 8- of MedicineSection on Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Yeoman W. The relation of arthritis of the sacroiliac joint to 3- sciatica with analysis of 100 cases. Lancet. 1928;2: 1119-22. 1990 (Presented May 2). Bernard TN, Jr., Kirkaldy-Willis WH. Recognizing specific 1- Beaton LE Anson BJ. The sciatic nerve and the piriformis 9- characteristics of nonspecific low back pain. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1987 (217): 266-80. 10- Pace JB, Nagle D. Piriform syndrome. West J Med. 1976 Jn;124 (6): 435-9. 11- Foster MR. Piriformis syndrome. Orthopedics. 2002;25 (8): 821-5. 12- Hallin RP. Sciatic pain and the piriformis muscle. Postgrad 4- muscle: their interrelation a possible cause of coccygodynia. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1938;20: 686-8. Guvencer M, Akyer P, Iyem C, Tetik S, Naderi S. Anatomic 5- considerations and the relationship between the piriformis muscle and the sciatic nerve. Surg Radiol Anat. 2008 ;30 (6): 467-74. Reus M, de Dios Berna J, Vazquez V, Redondo MV, Alonso J. Piriformis syndrome: a simple technique for US-guided 6- 32 ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ﻣﺴﻠﺴﻞ1389 ﺯﻣﺴﺘﺎﻥ 4 ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ﺳﺎﻝ ﻫﺸﺘﻢ Med. 1983;74 (2): 69-72. 13- Fishman LM, Schaefer MP. The piriformis syndrome is underdiagnosed. Muscle Nerve. 2003;28 (5): 646-9. ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻲ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﺍﺭﺗﺶ ﺟﻤﻬﻮﺭﻱ ﺍﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ 282 29- Bell KR, Lehmann JF. Effect of cooling on H- and T-reflexes in normal subjects. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1987;68 (8): 490-3. 14- Durrani Z, Winnie AP. Piriformis muscle syndrome: an 30- Toth S, Solyom A, Vajda J. Frequency resonance underdiagnosed cause of sciatica. J Pain Symptom Manage. investigation of the H reflex. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1991;6 (6): 374-9. 15- Boyajian-O’Neill LA, McClain RL, Coleman MK, Thomas 1979;42 (4): 351-6. 31- Hagbarth KE. Post-tetanic potentiation of myotatic reflexes PP. Diagnosis and management of piriformis syndrome: an in man. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1962;25: 1-10. osteopathic approach. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2008;108 32- Robinson KL, McComas AJ, Belanger AY. Control of soleus (11): 657-64. 16- Kirschner JS, Foye PM, Cole JL. Piriformis syndrome, diagnosis and treatment. Muscle Nerve. 2009;40 (1): 10-8. 17- Russell JM, Kransdorf MJ, Bancroft LW, Peterson JJ, motoneuron excitability during muscle stretch in man. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1982;45 (8): 699-704. 33- Trontelj JV. A study of the H-reflex by single fibre EMG. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1973;36 (6): 951-9. Berquist TH, Bridges MD. Magnetic resonance imaging of 34- Bishop B, Machover S, Johnston R, Anderson M. A the sacral plexus and piriformis muscles. Skeletal Radiol. quantitative assessment of gamma-motoneuron contribution 2008;37 (8): 709-13. 18- Lewis AM, Layzer R, Engstrom JW, Barbaro NM, Chin CT. Magnetic resonance neurography in extraspinal sciatica. Arch Neurol. 2006;63 (10): 1469-72. 19- Chang CW, Shieh SF, Li CM, Wu WT, Chang KF. Measurement of motor nerve conduction velocity of the sciatic nerve in patients with piriformis syndrome: a magnetic stimulation study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2006;87 (10): 1371-5. 20- Hoffman P. Ober die Beziehungen der Sehnenreflexe zur will- kurlichen Bewengung und zum Tonus. Z Biol. 1918;68: 351-70. 21- Kimura J, editor. Electrodiagnosis in diseases of nerve and muscle: Principles and practice.1984. to the achilles tendon reflex in normal subjects. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1968;49 (3): 145-54. 35- Hagbarth KE, Wallen G, Lofstedt L. Muscle spindle activity in man during voluntary fast alternating movements. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1975;38 (7): 625-35. 36- Freiberg AH Vinke TH. Sciatica and the sacroiliac joint. J Bone and Joint Surg Am 1934;16: 126–36. 37- Freiburg A. Sciatic pain and its relief by operations on the muscle and facia. Arch Surg. 197;34: 337-50. 38- Sunderland S, editor. Nerves and nerve injuries. Baltimore Williams and wilkins; 1868. 39- Jeynes LC, Gauci CA. Evidence for the use of botulinum toxin in the chronic pain setting--a review of the literature. Pain Pract. 2008;8 (4): 269-76. 22- Koceja DM, Trimble MH, Earles DR. Inhibition of the soleus 40- Yang JX, Zhu XY. [Observation on therapeutic effect of three H-reflex in standing man. Brain Res. 1993 26;629 (1): 155-8. needling method on piriformis injury syndrome]. Zhongguo 23- Panizza M, Lelli S, Nilsson J, Hallett M. H-reflex recovery curve and reciprocal inhibition of H-reflex in different kinds of dystonia. Neurology. 1990;40 (5): 824-8. 24- Steiner C, Staubs C, Ganon M, Buhlinger C. Piriformis syndrome: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 1987;87 (4): 318-23. 25- Fishman LM, Zybert PA. Electrophysiologic evidence of piriformis syndrome. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1992;73 (4): 359-64. 26- Fishman LM, Konnoth C, Rozner B. Botulinum neurotoxin type B and physical therapy in the treatment of piriformis syndrome: a dose-finding study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2004;83 (1): 42-50; quiz 1-3. 27- Fishman LM, Anderson C, Rosner B. BOTOX and physical therapy in the treatment of piriformis syndrome. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2002;81 (12): 936-42. 28- Desmedi JE, editor. Methodology of the Hoffmann Reflex in man: Basel: Karger; 1973. Zhen Jiu. 2008;28 (3): 205-6. 41- Peng PW, Tumber PS. Ultrasound-guided interventional procedures for patients with chronic pelvic pain - a description of techniques and review of literature. Pain Physician. 2008;11 (2): 215-24. 42- Kobbe P, Zelle BA, Gruen GS. Case report: recurrent piriformis syndrome after surgical release. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2008;466 (7): 1745-8. 43- Spiller J. Acupuncture, ketamine and piriformis syndrome--a case report from palliative care. Acupunct Med. 2007;25 (3): 109-12. 44- Huerto AP, Yeo SN, Ho KY. Piriformis muscle injection using ultrasonography and motor stimulation--report of a technique. Pain Physician. 2007;10 (5): 687-90. 45- Yoon SJ, Ho J, Kang HY, Lee SH, Kim KI, Shin WG, et al. Low-dose botulinum toxin type A for the treatment of refractory piriformis syndrome. Pharmacotherapy. 2007;27 (5): 657-65. JAUMS Volume 8 Number 4 Winter 2011 41 How Could FAIR Test Modify the H Reflex in Gastrocnemius Muscle in Patients with Piriformis Syndrome? Najafi. Sh; MD1, Azma. K; MD2, Azizi S; MD3, *Emadi. AR; MD4, Mahmoudabadi. A; MD5, Sajadi S; MD6 Received: 4 Aug 2010 Accepted: 11 Dec 2010 Abstract Introduction: Piriformis syndrome (PS) is defined by a loose cluster of symptoms arising from entrapment of one or both divisions of the sciatic nerve as they pass the sciatic notch. This paper presents a method of using the H-reflex as an aid in the diagnosis of PS. Methods: Forcible pressure from the piriformis muscle on the sciatic nerve can be induced by internal rotation of an affected limb in an adducted and flexed position (FAIR). This pressure is reflected in a delay of the H-reflex. The length of delay seen in 15 legs of 14 patients who met the criteria for PS is compared with that seen in 7 unaffected contralateral limbs. Results: Mean delay of H-reflex was 2.346 msec for affected legs and 0.368 msec for the combined control groups (p<0.01). Conclusion: There were no Significant differences in delay latency between control group and amplitude between all groups (p>0.05). Keywords: Piriformis Syndrome, H Reflex, FAIR Test 1234- Assistant Professor, Army University of Medical Science, Medical Faculty, dept. of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tehran, Iran. Assistant professor, Army University of Medical Science, Medical Faculty, dept. of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tehran, Iran. Assistant professor, Army University of Medical Science, Medical Faculty, dept. of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tehran, Iran. (*Corresponding Author) Researcher, Physiatrist, Army University of Medical Science, Medical Faculty, dept. of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tehran, Iran. Tel: 021-85953476 E-mail: [email protected] 5. Researcher, Physiatrist, Army University of Medical Science, Medical Faculty, dept. of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tehran, Iran. 6. Researcher, Physiatrist, Army University of Medical Science, Medical Faculty, dept. of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tehran, Iran.
© Copyright 2025