1. No category

‫ أﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ اﻟﻜﺘﻞ اﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ‬-:ً‫ﺧﺎﻣﺴﺎ‬
Rock Mass Classification Systems
:‫ﻣﻤﻴﺰات ﻫﺬا اﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻒ‬
Intact Rock and Discontinuity ‫ ﻫﻮ ﻧﻈﺎم ﺧﻠﻴﻂ وﻫﺠﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺨﻮاص اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‬-١
.‫ ﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪ اﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﻋﻠﻰ أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﻴﺎر ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻲ و ﺟﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻲ‬-٢
.‫ ﺗﻜﻮن ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻬﻨﺪس و اﻟﺠﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺪ ﺳﻮاء‬-٣
‫ ﺗﻢ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﻫﺬه اﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻔﺎت ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺸﺎرﻳﻊ ﻋﺪﻳﺪة ﺑﻨﺠﺎح ﺣﻴﺚ ﻛﺎن ﻣﻦ أﻫﻢ ﻫﺬه اﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎت ﻋﻠﻰ‬-٤
.‫اﻷﻧﻔﺎق واﻟﻤﻨﺤﺪرات اﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ و اﻷﺳﺎﺳﺎت‬
.ً‫ اﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﻣﺘﻔﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﺎﻟﻤﻴﺎ‬-٥
Rock Mass Classification Systems
‫)ﺃ( ﻃﺮﻕ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺮﻳﺔ‬
1- Rock Mass Rating System (RMR - System)
By Bieniawski, (1974 – 1989)
Using Table
Depend on 5 parameters:
- Strength
- Rock Quality Designation (RQD, %)
- Spacing of joint
- Condition of Discontinuity
- Ground water
2- Quality Index System (Q - System)
By Barton, Lien and Lunde, (1974)
Using Equation.
Depend on 6 parameters:
- Rock Quality Designation
- Joint set number
- Joint roughness number
- Joint alteration number
- Joint water reduction number
- Stress reduction factor
(RQD, %)
(J n)
(J r)
(J a)
(Jw)
(SRF)
.‫ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻟﻤﻠﻚ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ‬-‫ ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻮم اﻷرض‬-‫ ﻋﺒﺎس ﺑﻦ ﻋﻴﻔﺎن اﻟﺤﺎرﺛﻲ – ﻗﺴﻢ اﻟﺠﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ و اﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ‬/‫د‬
.9 ‫ ﻣﻦ‬١ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺮر ﻣﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﺎ اﻟﺼﺨﻮر‬
‫‪1- RMR-System‬‬
‫)‪Rock Mass Rating System By Bieniawski (1974 – 1989‬‬
‫ﻴﻌﺘﻤﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺨﻤﺱ ﻋﻭﺍﻤل‪:‬‬
‫‪1- Strength‬‬
‫)‪2- Rock Quality Designation, (RQD‬‬
‫‪3- Spacing of Joint‬‬
‫‪4- Condition of Discontinuity‬‬
‫‪5- Ground Water‬‬
‫د‪ /‬ﻋﺒﺎس ﺑﻦ ﻋﻴﻔﺎن اﻟﺤﺎرﺛﻲ – ﻗﺴﻢ اﻟﺠﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ و اﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ‪ -‬ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻮم اﻷرض‪ -‬ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻟﻤﻠﻚ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ‪.‬‬
‫ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ‪ ٢‬ﻣﻦ ‪.9‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺮر ﻣﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﺎ اﻟﺼﺨﻮر‬
‫ ﻟﻬﺎ اﻟﺨﻮاص اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬Granite ‫ ﻛﺘﻠﺔ ﺻﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﺮاﻧﻴﺖ‬-:‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬
Parameter
Values
UCS
120 MPa
RQD
90%
Spacing of Joints
Condition of
Discontinuities
Ground Water
1.5 m
Very Rough, No separation,
Hard wall
Wet
RMR value
Rating
12
20 + 17
=18.5
2
15
30
7
82.5 %
:‫اﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻒ و اﻟﻮﺻﻒ‬
The rock mass of Granite is classified as a very good quality of class (I)
according to RMR classification system by Bieniawiski, (1989).
.‫ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻟﻤﻠﻚ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ‬-‫ ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻮم اﻷرض‬-‫ ﻋﺒﺎس ﺑﻦ ﻋﻴﻔﺎن اﻟﺤﺎرﺛﻲ – ﻗﺴﻢ اﻟﺠﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ و اﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ‬/‫د‬
.9 ‫ ﻣﻦ‬٣ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺮر ﻣﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﺎ اﻟﺼﺨﻮر‬
2- Q-System
Quality Index System By: Barton and others 1974
: ‫ﻳﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺖ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ‬
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
RQD%,
Joint Set No., Jn
Joint Roughness, Jr
Joint Alteration, Ja
Joint Water, Jw
Stress Reduction Factor, SRF
Q=
RQD Jr
.
Jn
Ja
.
Jw
SRF
Classification of Rock Masses according to Q-Values
.‫ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻟﻤﻠﻚ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ‬-‫ ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻮم اﻷرض‬-‫ ﻋﺒﺎس ﺑﻦ ﻋﻴﻔﺎن اﻟﺤﺎرﺛﻲ – ﻗﺴﻢ اﻟﺠﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ و اﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ‬/‫د‬
.9 ‫ ﻣﻦ‬٤ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺮر ﻣﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﺎ اﻟﺼﺨﻮر‬
‫د‪ /‬ﻋﺒﺎس ﺑﻦ ﻋﻴﻔﺎن اﻟﺤﺎرﺛﻲ – ﻗﺴﻢ اﻟﺠﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ و اﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ‪ -‬ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻮم اﻷرض‪ -‬ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻟﻤﻠﻚ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ‪.‬‬
‫ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ‪ ٥‬ﻣﻦ ‪.9‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺮر ﻣﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﺎ اﻟﺼﺨﻮر‬
‫د‪ /‬ﻋﺒﺎس ﺑﻦ ﻋﻴﻔﺎن اﻟﺤﺎرﺛﻲ – ﻗﺴﻢ اﻟﺠﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ و اﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ‪ -‬ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻮم اﻷرض‪ -‬ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻟﻤﻠﻚ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ‪.‬‬
‫ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ‪ ٦‬ﻣﻦ ‪.9‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺮر ﻣﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﺎ اﻟﺼﺨﻮر‬
‫د‪ /‬ﻋﺒﺎس ﺑﻦ ﻋﻴﻔﺎن اﻟﺤﺎرﺛﻲ – ﻗﺴﻢ اﻟﺠﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ و اﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ‪ -‬ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻮم اﻷرض‪ -‬ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻟﻤﻠﻚ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ‪.‬‬
‫ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ‪ ٧‬ﻣﻦ ‪.9‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺮر ﻣﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﺎ اﻟﺼﺨﻮر‬
‫ ﻟﻬﺎ اﻟﺨﻮاص اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬Shale ‫ ﻛﺘﻠﺔ ﺻﺨﺮﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﻔﻞ‬-:‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬
RQD = 88%, SRF = Near Surface, 3 Sets of Joints, Rough surface
Filled with Sand, Wet Joints.
/‫اﻟﺤﻞ‬
Q = RQD . Jr . Jw
Jn
Q=
( 88 )
90
*
(1)
4
*
( 0.5 )
2.5
Ja
SRF
= 0.48
:‫اﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻒ و اﻟﻮﺻﻒ‬
The rock mass of Shale is classified as a very poor quality according to
Q-System by Barton and others, (1974).
.‫ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻟﻤﻠﻚ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ‬-‫ ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻮم اﻷرض‬-‫ ﻋﺒﺎس ﺑﻦ ﻋﻴﻔﺎن اﻟﺤﺎرﺛﻲ – ﻗﺴﻢ اﻟﺠﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ و اﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ‬/‫د‬
.9 ‫ ﻣﻦ‬٨ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺮر ﻣﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﺎ اﻟﺼﺨﻮر‬
‫)ﺏ( ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﻨﻅﺎﻡ ‪ RMR‬ﻭ ‪Q‬‬
‫ﺘﻡ ﺍﻴﺠﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻅﺎﻤﻴﻥ ﺒﺎﻟﻘﺎﻨﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‪-:‬‬
‫‪RMR= 9 * Ln Q+44‬‬
‫ﻭ ﺫﻟـﻙ ﻤـﻥ ﺨـﻼل ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﻁﻴﺔ )ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺭﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺭﻓﻕ( ﻤﻥ ﺩﺭﺍﺴﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻁﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﻟﻜﺘل‬
‫ﺼـﺨﺭﻴﺔ ﻤﺨـﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺍﻷﻨـﻭﺍﻉ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺭﻜﻴـﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻴﻭﻟﻭﺠﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺠﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻭﻴﺔ ﻭ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻭﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﻬﻨﺩﺴﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻑ ﻤﻨﺎﻁﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻡ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻟﻬﺎ ﻗﻴﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﺎ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻨﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‪-:‬‬
‫‪RMR= 9 * Ln Q+62‬‬
‫ﻭﻗﻴﻡ ﺴﻔﻠﻰ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻨﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‪-:‬‬
‫‪RMR= 9 * Ln Q+26‬‬
‫ﻭ ﻟﻬـﺫﺍ ﻴﻤﻜـﻥ ﺤﺴﺎﺏ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺘﺼﻨﻴﻑ ﺍﻟﻜﺘل ﺍﻟﺼﺨﺭﻴﺔ ﺒﺈﺤﺩﻯ ﺍﻟﻁﺭﻴﻘﺘﻴﻥ ﻭ ﻤﻥ ﺜﻡ ﺍﻴﺠﺎﺩ‬
‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻨﻴﻑ ﺍﻷﺨﺭ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻭﺍﻨﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺒﻘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫د‪ /‬ﻋﺒﺎس ﺑﻦ ﻋﻴﻔﺎن اﻟﺤﺎرﺛﻲ – ﻗﺴﻢ اﻟﺠﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ و اﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ‪ -‬ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻮم اﻷرض‪ -‬ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻟﻤﻠﻚ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ‪.‬‬
‫ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ‪ ٩‬ﻣﻦ ‪.9‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺮر ﻣﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﺎ اﻟﺼﺨﻮر‬