1. science
2. ecology
3. pollution

EIA/EMP REPORT
River Sand/Bajri Mine (ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District - Pali
Rajasthan
JANUARY 2015
Project Proponent:
M/s Shekhawat Associates
R/o 226, Jaswant Nagar,
Khatipura Road, Jaipur Rajasthan.
EIA Consultant:
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD. INDIA
304-305, 3rd Floor, Plot No. 16, Rishabh Corporate Tower,
Community Centre, Karkardooma, Delhi – 110092
Phone: 011-30003200, 30003219; Fax: 011-22374775
Website: www.eqmsindia.com ; E-mail – [email protected]
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
Table of Contents
Executive Summary .......................................................................................................................I - X
Chapter 1.
Introduction ............................................................................................................... 10
1.1.
Preamble .......................................................................................................................... 10
1.2.
Purpose of the Report ...................................................................................................... 11
1.3.
Identification of Project & Project Proponent ..................................................................... 11
1.4.
Brief description of nature, size and location of the project ............................................... 12
1.5.
Salient Features of the Project ......................................................................................... 13
1.6.
Need for the project and its importance to the country or region ....................................... 17
1.7.
Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework .................................................................... 17
1.8.
Scoping Of the Project...................................................................................................... 19
1.9.
Environmental Framework of the State ............................................................................. 19
1.10. Rajasthan State Forest Policy .......................................................................................... 21
1.11. Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board (RSPCB) ........................................................... 21
1.12. Public Hearing .................................................................................................................. 22
1.13. Compliance of ToR ........................................................................................................... 22
Chapter 2.
: Project Description.................................................................................................. 29
2.1.
General ............................................................................................................................ 29
2.2.
Type of Project ................................................................................................................. 29
2.3.
Need for the Project ......................................................................................................... 30
2.4.
Location, Project Boundary and Project Site Layout ......................................................... 31
2.5.
Size or magnitude of Operation ........................................................................................ 31
2.6.
Proposed Schedule for Implementation ............................................................................ 31
2.7.
Technology and Process Description ............................................................................... 31
2.8.
Project Description ........................................................................................................... 34
2.9.
Site Elevation, Working Depth and Groundwater Table .................................................... 41
2.10. Terms and conditions imposed by Director of Mines and Geology, Rajasthan. ................. 43
2.11. Statutory / Necessary Approvals. ..................................................................................... 45
Chapter 3.
: Description of the Environment ............................................................................... 47
3.1.
Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 47
3.2.
Physiography, Topography and Drainage......................................................................... 50
3.3.
Geology and Hydrogeology .............................................................................................. 63
3.4.
Meteorology ..................................................................................................................... 72
3.5.
Air Quality......................................................................................................................... 82
3.6.
Water Quality ................................................................................................................... 87
3.7.
Soil
92
3.8.
Noise Environment ........................................................................................................... 99
3.9.
Biological Environment ................................................................................................... 101
3.10. Socio-Economic Environment......................................................................................... 117
Chapter 4.
: Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures................................ 136
4.1.
Introduction .................................................................................................................... 136
4.2.
Impacts on Topography and Drainage............................................................................ 136
4.3.
Land Environment .......................................................................................................... 137
4.4.
Impacts on Climate ......................................................................................................... 137
4.5.
Water Environment ......................................................................................................... 138
4.6.
Noise and Vibration ........................................................................................................ 142
4.7.
Impacts on Air Environment............................................................................................ 146
4.8.
Biological Environment ................................................................................................... 153
4.9.
Impact on Socio-Economic Environment ........................................................................ 156
4.10. Impact due to Transportation of Mined out material on environment............................... 157
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
4.11. Impact on the carrying capacity of SH and NH due to proposed transport activities ....... 157
4.12. Impact Due To Vehicular Emission ................................................................................. 164
Chapter 5.
: Analysis of Alternatives ......................................................................................... 167
5.1.
General .......................................................................................................................... 167
5.2.
Alternative Sites ............................................................................................................. 167
5.3.
Alternative Technology ................................................................................................... 169
Chapter 6.
: Environmental Monitoring Programme .................................................................. 171
6.1.
General .......................................................................................................................... 171
6.2.
Areas of concern ............................................................................................................ 171
6.3.
Environmental Monitoring ............................................................................................... 171
6.4.
Environmental Monitoring Programme ........................................................................... 171
6.5.
Environment Management Group ................................................................................... 176
6.6.
Environment Policy/Violations of Environment Norms/ Hierarchal System...................... 176
6.7.
Cost of Environment Monitoring Plan ............................................................................. 177
Chapter 7.
: Additional Studies ................................................................................................. 179
7.1.
General .......................................................................................................................... 179
7.2.
Replenishment Studies................................................................................................... 179
7.3.
Risk Assessment ............................................................................................................ 195
7.4.
Inundation ...................................................................................................................... 196
7.5.
Disaster Due to Failure of Pit Slope ................................................................................ 197
7.6.
Disaster Due to Failure of Mine Waste Dump ................................................................. 198
7.7.
Disaster Due to Surface Fire .......................................................................................... 198
7.8.
Disaster Management Plan ............................................................................................ 199
7.9.
Occupational Health and Safety ..................................................................................... 201
7.10. R & R Plan ..................................................................................................................... 201
7.11. Social Impact Assessment ............................................................................................. 201
Chapter 8.
: Project benefits ..................................................................................................... 202
8.1.
General .......................................................................................................................... 202
8.2.
Accelerated Development of Infrastructure and Housing Sector ..................................... 202
8.3.
Employment Potential..................................................................................................... 202
8.4.
State Exchequer ............................................................................................................. 202
8.5.
Betterment of Trade and Commerce .............................................................................. 202
8.6.
Tangible social benefits .................................................................................................. 203
Chapter 9.
: Environmental Management Plan ......................................................................... 204
9.1.
General .......................................................................................................................... 204
9.2.
Pollution Control Measures ............................................................................................ 204
9.3.
Green Belt development plan ......................................................................................... 218
9.4.
Solid Waste Management .............................................................................................. 221
9.5.
Occupational Health Management Plan ......................................................................... 222
9.6.
Soil conservation works .................................................................................................. 225
9.7.
Capital Cost of Project .................................................................................................... 226
9.8.
Summary of cost of environment management plan ....................................................... 226
Chapter 10. : Environmental Management Plan ......................................................................... 228
10.1. Purpose of the Report .................................................................................................... 228
10.2. Identification of Project & Project Proponent ................................................................... 228
10.3. Project Description ......................................................................................................... 228
10.4. Description of Environment............................................................................................. 231
10.5. Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures ......................................... 232
10.6. Environmental Monitoring Programme ........................................................................... 235
10.7. Additional Studies........................................................................................................... 236
10.8. Project benefits............................................................................................................... 237
10.9. Environmental Management Plan ................................................................................... 237
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
10.10. Conclusion ..................................................................................................................... 237
Chapter 11. : Disclosure of Consultants ..................................................................................... 239
List of Tables
Table 1.1 : Salient Features of the Project ....................................................................................... 13
Table 1.2 : Key Environmental Legislations ..................................................................................... 17
Table 1.3 : Environmental Framework of State Government ............................................................ 19
Table 1.4 : Compliance of ToR ........................................................................................................ 22
Table 2.1 : Annual Production Schedule (Million Metric Tonne) ....................................................... 31
Table 2.2 : Daily Water Requirement ............................................................................................... 32
Table 2.3 : Block – wise yearly mining area for five years (ha) ......................................................... 38
Table 2.4 Block – wise yearly production for five years (million metric tonne) .................................. 39
Table 2.5 : Year-wise Production of Solid waste (Cubic Meter) ........................................................ 40
Table 2.6 : Conditions imposed by Director of Mines and Geology .................................................. 44
Table 3.1 : Description of Rivers Flowing through Pali District in Luni Catchment ............................ 53
Table 3.2 : Details of Catchment, Sub-Catchment and Watershed.................................................. 55
Table 3.3 : Computation of River Bed Slope .................................................................................... 57
Table 3.4 : Tehsil wise landuse and land cover of the district ........................................................... 58
Table 3.5 : Details of Landuse Class 2km/10km on either side of rivers of ML area ......................... 62
Table 3.6 : Land Use Details ............................................................................................................ 63
Table 3.7 : Geological Sequence ..................................................................................................... 64
Table 3.8 : Earthquake Events of Magnitude more than 3.3 (Richter Scale) .................................... 70
Table 3.9 : Ground Water Trend ...................................................................................................... 70
Table 3.10 : Distance of Tehsil Headquarters from Nearest IMD Station ......................................... 73
Table 3.11 : Climatological Data Station: IMD, Jodhpur (1960-1990) ............................................... 74
Table 3.12 : Monthly Rainfall Data Observed at Tehsil (2012) ........................................................ 76
Table 3.13 : Monthly Rainfall (mm) data observed at Sojat Tehsil (2004-2013) ............................... 77
Table 3.14 : Computation of Standard Deviation .............................................................................. 78
Table 3.15 : Site Specific Meteorological Data ................................................................................. 79
Table 3.16 : Details of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations ..................................................... 83
Table 3.17 : Ambient Air Quality results (µg/m3) .............................................................................. 85
Table 3.18 : Water Sampling Locations ........................................................................................... 88
Table 3.19 : Physico chemical and Biological Characteristics of Surface Water ............................... 90
Table 3.20 : Physico chemical and Biological Characteristics of Ground Water ............................... 91
Table 3.21 : Details of Soil Sampling Locations ............................................................................... 96
Table 3.22 : Physicochemical Characteristics of Soil ....................................................................... 96
Table 3.23 Details of Noise Monitoring Locations .......................................................................... 100
Table 3.24 : Noise Levels [dB(A)] in the Study Area ...................................................................... 100
Table 3.25 : Forest Types in the Pali Forest Division .................................................................... 101
Table 3.26 : Sampling Location of Floristic Survey......................................................................... 103
Table 3.27 : Phyto-sociological Characters of Different species recorded in proposed mining area105
Table 3.28 : Phyto-sociological Characters of Different species recorded around mining areas ..... 106
Table 3.29 : Mammalian Fauna Sighted during the primary survey ................................................ 112
Table 3.30 : Avifauna Sighted during the primary survey ............................................................... 113
Table 3.31 : Herpetofauna recorded from the project area ............................................................. 114
Table 3.32 : Fish species reported from the project area ............................................................... 115
Table 3.33 : Distict – wise apportionment of the area under WLS .................................................. 116
Table 3.34 : Pali District at a Glance .............................................................................................. 118
Table 3.35 : Village-wise details of population ............................................................................... 120
Table 3.36 : Educational Network In The District............................................................................ 127
Table 3.37 Network of Medical And Public health Centres In The District ...................................... 128
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
Table 3.38 : Comprehensive List of Infrastructures present in the Study Area ............................... 129
Table 3.39 : Area irrigated and un-irrigated under Kharif and Rabi Crops ...................................... 133
Table 3.40 : Productivity of Principal Crops.................................................................................... 134
Table 3.41 : Group-wise Details of SSI and MSME Registered Units ............................................. 134
Table 4.1 : Reduction in Surface Flow Due to Mining in Tehsil Sojat upto 6th Year ....................... 138
Table 4.2 : Reduction in Surface Flow Due to Mining in Tehsil Sojat upto 5th Year close of mining
............................................................................................................................................... 139
Table 4.3 : Year-wise Computation of Ground Water Recharge as per GEC-97 ............................ 140
Table 4.4 : Standard Values of Noise Levels ................................................................................. 144
Table 4.5 : Modeling Output ........................................................................................................... 144
Table 4.6 : Details of Production Parameters, Transportation, Moisture, Silt Contents ................... 147
Table 4.7 : Predicted Ground Level Concentration due to Open-pit excavation ............................. 148
Table 4.8 : Details of Production Parameters, Transportation, Moisture, Silt Contents ................... 150
Table 4.9 : Receptors Location And Model Results........................................................................ 151
Table 4.10 : Cumulative levels of existing and predicted levels of PM10 ......................................... 153
: 159
Table 4.11 Traffic volume counts near Bagawas on NH-14 ........................................................... 159
Table 4.12 : Traffic volume counts at Siyat on SH-62 .................................................................... 159
Table 4.13 : Traffic volume counts on Sojat causeway on SH-58 ................................................... 159
Table 4.14 : Incremental rise in existing average daily traffic at NH-14 due to proposed transport
activity .................................................................................................................................... 160
Table 4.15 : Incremental rise in existing average daily traffic at SH-62 due to proposed transport
activity .................................................................................................................................... 161
Table 4.16 : Incremental rise in existing average daily traffic at SH-58 due to proposed transport
activity .................................................................................................................................... 162
Table 4.17 : Determination of Traffic Noise Levels at Bagawas (NH-14) ........................................ 162
Table 4.18 : Determination of Traffic Noise Levels at Siyat (SH-62) ............................................... 163
Table 4.19 : Determination of Traffic Noise Levels at Sojat Causeway (SH-58) ............................. 163
Table 4.20 : Emission factors by vehicle type (gm/km/vehicle) ....................................................... 164
Table 4.21 : Receptor Locations And Model Results (Worst Case Wind Angle) ............................. 165
Table 5.1 : Particulate Emission Factors for Stone-Processing Operations .................................... 168
Table 6.1 : Air Quality Monitoring and Management ...................................................................... 172
Table 6.2 : Noise Level Monitoring and management .................................................................... 173
Table 6.3 : Physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters will be monitored............................. 175
Table 6.4 : Summary of Environmental Monitoring Programme ..................................................... 177
Table 7.1 : Annual Sediment Yield in Indian Arid Zones................................................................. 182
Table 7.2 : Sediment Yield as a function of Effective rainfall .......................................................... 182
Table 7.3 : Annual Sediment Rates by Various Methods ............................................................... 187
Table 7.4 : Tanks under the jurisdiction of Water Resources Department ...................................... 190
Table 7.5 : Year wise Maximum gauge Water Received, Water Utilized from Jawai Dam .............. 194
Table 7.6 : Monthly Average and Maximum Rainfall (mm) in a day during non-monsoon season .. 196
Table 9.1 : Cost under Conservation Plan...................................................................................... 215
Table 9.2 Cost under CSR initiative ............................................................................................... 217
Table 9.3 : Species suggested for plantation under Greenbelt Development Progaramme ............ 219
Table 9.4 : Phase-wise programme of plantation ........................................................................... 220
Table 9.5 : Annual cost for green belt development plan (Rs. in lakhs) .......................................... 220
Table 9.6 : Year-wise Production of Solid waste ............................................................................ 221
Table 9.7 : Schedule of Medical Checkup ...................................................................................... 223
Table 9.8 : Cost Estimate ............................................................................................................... 225
Table 9.9 : Cost estimate of soil conservation works (engineering) ................................................ 225
Table 9.10 : Total cost of environmental management plan ........................................................... 226
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
List of Figures
Figure 2.1 : Water Balance .............................................................................................................. 33
Figure 2.2 : Index Map of Luni River Basin Showing the Litholog from Dug Well and Tube Well
Sections .................................................................................................................................... 36
Figure 2.3 :Schematic Diagram of Mine Working in Sukri River ....................................................... 42
Figure 2.4 :Schematic Diagram of Mine Working in Lilri River .......................................................... 42
Figure 2.5 :Schematic Diagram of Mine Working in Guhiya River .................................................... 43
Figure 2.6 :Schematic Diagram of Mine Working in Rediya River .................................................... 43
Figure 3.1 : Project Location Map on Toposheets ............................................................................ 48
Figure 3.2 : Satellite view of the Project Site .................................................................................... 48
Figure 3.3 : Pictorial View of Sukri River near Ramasanibala and Lilri near Dhaneri ........................ 49
Figure 3.4 : Administrative Map of District Pali ................................................................................. 51
Figure 3.5 : Physiographic Map of Rajasthan................................................................................... 52
Figure 3.6 : Catchment Area Map of Luni Basin in Rajasthan and Drainage Map of Study Area ...... 56
Figure 3.7 : Graphical Presentation of Landuse of District Pali......................................................... 59
Figure 3.8 : Graphical Presentation of Landuse of Tehsil Sojat ........................................................ 59
Figure 3.9 : Landuse Map of 10km Study Area and 2km on either side of rivers of ML area in Tehsil
Sojat ......................................................................................................................................... 62
: Regional geology map of Rajasthan ............................................................................................. 65
Figure 3.10 ...................................................................................................................................... 65
Figure 3.11 : Hydrogeological Map of Pali district ............................................................................ 67
Figure 3.12 : Map of Seismic Zones of India .................................................................................... 68
Figure 3.13 : Map of Seismic Zones of Rajasthan ............................................................................ 69
Figure 3.14 : Site Specific Windrose Diagram .................................................................................. 81
Figure 3.15 : Frequency Distribution of Wind Class ......................................................................... 82
Figure 3.16 : Location of Montoring and Sampling Stations ............................................................. 84
Figure 3.17 : Soil Map of the Study Area ......................................................................................... 95
Figure 3.18 : Number of families and species in different life forms in the study area .................... 104
Figure 3.19 : Shannon diversity, species Richness and Evenness index in proposed mining area 109
Figure 3.20 : Shannon diversity, species Richness and Evenness index in surrounding area ........ 110
Figure 3.21 : Location of the Todgarh Raoli Wildlife Sanctuary vis-à-vis mine lease area .............. 117
Figure 3.22 : Sex wise SC, ST and General Population in Study Area ........................................... 124
Figure 3.23 : Percentage wise break up of SC, ST and General Population in Study Area ............ 124
Figure 3.24 : Gender-wise Distribution of Literate and Illiterate in Study Area ............................... 125
Figure 3.25 : Workers Scenario of the Area ................................................................................... 126
Figure 3.26 : Distribution of Main Workers ..................................................................................... 126
Figure 3.27 : Distribution of Marginal Workers ............................................................................... 127
Figure 4.1 : Noise Graphical Results.............................................................................................. 145
Figure 4.2 : Isopleth of Average Hourly Highest 1st Value Predicted Average Ground – Level
Concentrations (Open Pit Source Modelling) .......................................................................... 149
Figure 4.3 : Isopleth of Maximum Predicted 24 hourly averaged Ground – Level Concentrations (Line
Source Modelling) ................................................................................................................... 152
Figure 4.4 : Transport Route Map .................................................................................................. 158
Figure 7.1 : Hydrological Zones of Arid Region of India ................................................................. 181
Figure 7.2 : Sediment Yield as a function of effective rainfall ......................................................... 182
Figure 7.3 : Iso-Erodent Map of India after Kothyari ...................................................................... 185
Figure 7.4 : Pictorial View of Sardar Samand Dam in Tehsil Sojat ................................................. 189
Figure 7.5 : Pictorial view of pits on river coarse of Rediya ............................................................ 198
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
List of Annexure
Annexure I: Letter of Intent ............................................................................................................ 242
Annexure II: Approval Letter for mining plan from Department of Mines & Geology Rajasthan ...... 243
Annexure III: Public Hearing Notice, Attendence Sheets, Proceedings and Replies ...................... 244
Annexure IV: NOC issued by the competent authority in respect to Aravali Notification ................. 260
Annexure V: Laboratory Result Sheets of monitoring of Ambient Air Quality .................................. 261
Annexure VI: Laboratory Result Sheets of Physico – Chemical Analysis of Water ......................... 273
Annexure VII: Laboratory Result Sheets of Physico – Chemical Analysis of Soil ........................... 275
Annexure VIII (A): Environmental Policy ........................................................................................ 276
Annexure VIII (B): Non-Compliance Reporting System .................................................................. 277
Annexure VIII (C): Organization Structure ...................................................................................... 278
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
9
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
CHAPTER 1.
1.1.
Introduction
Preamble
The Aravali Range, running in about 692 km diagonally across Rajasthan from Khetri in N-E
to Khed Brahma in S-W, constitutes the pre-dominant hill tract of the State. It thus, acts as a
barrier for S-W monsoon and topographically exhibit a water divide bifurcating the State into
the eastern plains and western sandy plains. The area to the east of Aravalli, is well drained
by several integrated drainage system including the perennial Chambal, which originates from
Madhya Pradesh, while the area to the west of Aravali has only one drainage system that is
Luni system. With the exception of Chambal, all other rivers are ephemeral in nature and
remain dry about 90% time of year except monsoon period, when run-off occurs as direct
response to the rainfall.
The Physiography of the state is the outcome of the erosional and depositional process. The
present landform and the drainage system have been greatly influenced and determined by
the geological formation and structures. Torrential and episodic rainfall coupled with intense
physical weathering, wafer thin and scanty vegetal cover over large tract of landmass and
aeolian surface deposits has enriched the area with abundance of transportable sediments of
different gradation and size. As a direct response to heavily rainfall, the consequent run-off
causes flash flood and enormous quantities of sediment loads are transported down the valley
and into the ephemeral rivers. The bed load sediment transport by the ephemeral river exceeds
several order of magnitude in contrast to a perennial river in the mountains or in the humid
zones. The suspended sediments specially transported during flash flood events is both of high
concentration and larger in quantity as compared to bed load. Besides, in case of Ephemeral
River the sediment available for supplies/transportation is not fully evacuated in arid/semi –
arid land owing to infrequent and short spell of storm events (Reid & Laroone, 1995). This
leads to thick deposition of sediments in the riverbed section and more often than not result in
raising the bed levels and eventually creates the flooding situation in areas of lesser river bank
heights
The composition and structure of the alluvium differ substantially based on the hydraulic regime
of flow, the discharge, the relief, the drainage system and the rock composition of riverbed and
banks. In ephemeral rivers the alluvium predominantly comprises coarse and fine sand along
with silt and clay and is more often than not deposited on the inside bends (convex banks),
where the water flows more slowly and has less power to transport the bed/sedimentary load.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
Rivers and streams by far have been the most lucrative and attractive source for extracting
large volume of different grades of sand / bajri for a variety of construction activities. Following
are some advantages of using river sediments as compared to the crushing of rock-mass from
rock-in-situ quarries.

Due to attrition, the material is already granulated and rounded, well sorted and generally
clean

Sediments can easily be collected / extracted by digging less deep pits in active channel
or dry river beds of upper terraces

Invariably free from weak materials and interstitial loose / fine material.

Not far from cities or market as the civilization has developed near the bank of rivers

Require comparatively less processing.

Natural replenishment takes place periodically due to transportation of sediments from
upper course/reaches during high stage of river, which is achieved during events of flash
floods during monsoon.
1.2.
Purpose of the Report
Mining activities invariably affect the existing environmental equilibrium of the site with both
adverse and beneficial effects. Exploitation of mineral deposits, occurring in specific sites, does
not leave any choice but to adoption of eco-friendly mining methods compatible with project
economics. For sustainable maintenance of environmental commensuration with the mining
and related operation, it is imperative to conduct studies on the baseline status of existing
environmental attributes and assess the impact on these due to proposed activities, which
would assist in formulating well-addressed management plans for sustainable mineral
extraction within life of mine.
The main purpose of the report is to establish the baseline environmental attributes in terms of
scoping clearance issued by the EAC, Ministry of Environment and Forest, vide meeting held
on 26.9.2013, and predict identify the impacts for preparing environment management plan.
1.3.
Identification of Project & Project Proponent
The project has been conceived for an annual production of 1 MCM (1.4 MMT) of Sand (Bajri)
by open cast semi-mechanized extraction method in riverbed of Sukri, Lilri, Guhiya and Rediya
river draining within tehsil Sojat. The lease area is revenue wasteland in river body (Gair
mumkin Nadi Nala).
M/s Shekhawat Associates are the project proponent (LoI holder) is a firm with registered office
at the following address:
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
R/o 226, Jaswant Nagar,
Khatipura Road,
Jaipur (Rajasthan)
1.4.
Brief description of nature, size and location of the project
1.4.1.
Brief description nature and size of the project
The letter of intent was granted vide Rajasthan State Government order no P.8(4) Khan/Gr. –
2/2013, Jaipur dated 13th Feb 2013 in favour of M/s Shekhawat Associates for river-bed mining
of minor mineral Sand (Bajri) over an area of 4316.0 ha covered under river stretches within
bounds of 113 different revenue villages in Tehsil Sojat, District Pali. The project has been
proposed for an annual production of 1 MCM (1.4MMT) of sand/bajri by open cast semi
mechanized method of extraction in riverbed. The lease area is revenue waste land in river
body (Gair mumkin Nadi Nala).
The estimated net geological reserves have been assessed as 129.48 MCM (181.27 MMT) of
sand/bajri, out of which 104.97 MCM (146.96 MMT) are mineable. The project has no other
interlinked project. The mining plan as warranted under Rule 37-B, Chapter IVA of RMMCR,
1986 amended upto 2012, has been prepared by the qualified person as defined under Rules
37-C and registered under Rule 37-D with the Department of Mines & Geology, Rajasthan has
been approved by the competent Authority, authorised for approval of mining plans under Rule
37-E of RMMCR, 1986 amended upto 2012.
The project activity falls under category ‘A’ (Activity 1 A – Mining of Minerals) because the
lease area is more than 50 ha and General Condition of the Environmental Clearance
notification 2006, as amended from time to time.
1.4.2.
Location and Approach to the project
The mine lease area is linearly stretched under 113 revenue villages in tehsil Sojat, district
Pali, mentioned ibid. The geographical location is covered under SOI Toposheet no. 45 F/8,
45 G/5, 45G/9, 45G/13, 45 F/12 and 45 F/16. Lease area can be approached from NH-14 as
well as from Sojat road junction through SH and ODRs’ and also by Western Railway B/G line
at Sojat road.
1.4.3.
Status of Litigation against project
There are no litigations/court cases pending against the project as informed by the project
proponent.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
1.5.
Salient Features of the Project
The salient features of the project are given in Table 1.1,
Table 1.1 : Salient Features of the Project
1
Project Name
River Sand (Bajri) Mining of M/s Shekhawat Associates
2
Mine Lease Area
Tehsil
4316.0 ha.
Akbai Ki Dhani, Ajeetpura, Atbara, Bagri-I, Bagri-II, Bagawas,
Bariyala, Basna, Basni surayta, Bhaniya, Bhanwarbhata,
Bhaisana,
Bijiliyawas,
Bilawas,
Butelav,
Chandlai,
Chandansani, Chandwas, Chandawal, Chamdiyak, Choupra,
Dadi, Devli Hulla, Devnagar, Dhagdwas, Dhakri, Dhanderi,
Dhinawas, Dhurasani, Dornadi, Dhudhalambodi, Gaguda,
Gajnai, Godelav, Gudhabachhraj, Gudhabhdawata, Gudhabija,
Gudhacatura, Gudhakalan, Gudharamsingh, Gudhashyama,
Hapat, Haripura, Hariyamali, Heerawas, Higawas, Jhupelav,
Kanawas, Karmawas, Kharnikhera, Kelwad, Kerkhera, Khakhra,
Khamal, Khariyaniv, Khariyasoda, Khariyaswamin, Kheranavra,
Khekhdikawala, Khokhra, Lanera, Ladpura, Lakhakakhet,
Lundawas, Malpuriyakalan, Malpuriyakhurd, Mamawas,
Mandala, Mev, Modawas, Murdava, Naidhani, Napawas,
Nayalkudi,
Nayagaon,
Pachvakhurd,
Pachundakalan,
Pachundakhurd, Pachvakalan, Bariyala, Piplad, Potliya,
Pokariyanadi,
Ramasani
Sandwan,
Ramasaniwala,
Rairakalankhurd, Rendri, Repdawas, Roopnagar, Roopawas,
Rundiya, Salarmal, Sandmagara, Sandiya, Sarangwas,
Sardarsamand, Sadarpura, Shivnagar, Shivpura, Singpura,
Sisarwada, Siyat, Sibdawas, Sohannagar, Sojat-I, Sojat-II,
Sojatroad, Sandarada, Surayata, Tharasani, Udvesikuan,
Veerawas.
Sojat
District
Pali
State
Rajasthan
25°43’00.00”N to 26°14’00.00”N
Near
Villages
3
4
5
Location of
Mine
Coordinates
Khasra details
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
Latitude
Longitude
73°12’00.00”E to 74°05’00.00” E
S.No.
Village Name
River Area
(ha)
Nala Area
(ha)
1
Akbai Ki Dhani
0
35.01
2
Ajeetpura
11.33
0
3
Atbara
0
33.78
4
Bagri-I
54.96
0.77
5
Bagri-II
143.6
10.91
6
0
4.9
7
Bagawas
Baidhnath
Mahadev Nagar
0
14.42
8
Bariyala
0
144.64
9
Basna
13.77
11.87
10
Basni surayta
44.57
0
11
Bhaniya
44.64
0
13
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
12
Bhanwarbhata
0
0.04
13
Bhaisana
0
20.01
14
Bijiliyawas
0
24.03
15
Bilawas
97.65
0
16
Butelav
0
37.28
17
Chandlai
38.34
34.65
18
Chandansani
0
0.87
19
Chandwas
0
24.73
20
Chandawal
50.69
0.5
21
Chamdiyak
0
3.73
22
Choupra
0
236.07
23
Dadi
24.54
26.97
24
Devli Hulla
15.26
14.3
25
Devnagar
0
4.99
26
Dhagdwas
0
18.26
27
Dhakri
0
0.35
28
Dhanderi
63.83
6.11
29
Dhinawas
36.67
1.63
30
Dhurasani
0
73.03
31
Dornadi
40.34
0
32
Dhudhalambodi
45.57
0
33
Gaguda
57.02
0.66
34
Gajnai
51.65
0
35
Godelav
0
33.92
36
Gudhabachhraj
3.27
0
37
Gudhabhdawata
9.06
0
38
Gudhabija
10.19
63.6
39
Gudhacatura
41.64
16.73
40
Gudhakalan
23.28
27.88
41
Gudharamsingh
6.68
0
42
Gudhashyama
0
15.22
43
Hapat
0
19.88
44
Haripura
0
0
45
Hariyamali
119.02
1.03
46
Heerawas
20.28
0
47
Higawas
0
0
48
Jhupelav
0
39.6
49
Kanawas
0
7.52
50
Karmawas
25.48
36.35
51
Kharnikhera
0
3.26
52
Kelwad
44.13
15.16
53
Kerkhera
24.66
3.3
14
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
54
Khakhra
0
15.66
55
Khamal
0
0
56
Khariyaniv
0
91.74
57
Khariyasoda
0
6.92
58
Khariyaswamin
0
31.5
59
Kheranavra
0
29.22
60
Khekhdikawala
0
28.35
61
Khokhra
17.23
2.86
62
Lanera
52.07
0
63
Ladpura
14.32
0
64
Lakhakakhet
16.55
0
65
Lundawas
0
0
66
Malpuriyakalan
0
3.13
67
Malpuriyakhurd
0
148.23
68
Mamawas
0
0
69
Mandala
0
48.42
70
Mev
0
142.81
71
Modawas
72.77
0
72
Murdava
6.25
4.7
73
Naidhani
0
0
74
Napawas
0
40.49
75
Nayalkudi
0
0
76
Nayagaon
0
0
77
Pachvakhurd
0
0
78
Pachundakalan
47.38
0.16
79
Pachundakhurd
40.36
0
80
Pachvakalan
0
15.9
81
Bariyala
0
144.64
82
Piplad
0
39.46
83
Potliya
0
19.31
84
4.09
9.34
85
Pokariyanadi
Ramasani
Sandwan
0
19.54
86
Ramasaniwala
0
55.83
87
Rairakalankhurd
3.25
180.13
88
Rendri
0
14.61
89
Repdawas
3.24
1.66
90
Roopnagar
0
8.5
91
Roopawas
0
21.3
92
Rundiya
0
8.38
93
Salarmal
0
0
94
Sandmagara
21.29
0
95
Sandiya
53.75
0.11
15
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
96
Sarangwas
26.49
0
97
Sardarsamand
33.79
0
98
Sadarpura
27.49
1.03
99
Shivnagar
0
13.35
100
Shivpura
29.08
0
101
Singpura
4.98
58.34
102
Sisarwada
0
0.38
103
Siyat
0
0
104
Sibdawas
0
0
105
Sohannagar
0
18.52
106
Sojat-I
151.8
5.06
107
Sojat-II
26.22
0.1
108
Sojatroad
0
0
109
Sandarada
18.62
0
110
Surayata
0
50.46
111
Tharasani
0
42.2
112
Udvesikuan
47.1
37.78
113
Veerawas
4.28
0
Total Area
1887.77
2428.15
Toposheet
Total Area
4315.92
45 G/5, 45G/9, 45G/13, 45 F/8, 45 F/12, 45 F/16
Landuse
Revenue waste land in river body (Gair mumkin Nadi Nala)
7
Name of River
Sukri, Lilri, Guhiya and Rediya river
8
Mineral
River Sand (Bajri)
9
Geological Reserves
129.48MCM (181.27 MMT)
Mineable Reserve
104.97 MCM (146.96 MMT)
Targeted Production
Proposed Annual
Production
Validity of Lease
5 MCM (7 MMT)
Life of mine
Continuous, being replenished yearly
12
Ultimate Pit Limit
3 meter from river bed level
13
Method of Mining
Opencast Semi-Mechanized
14
No. of Working Days
280
15
Water Demand/Source
25 KLD from ground water resource (4 KLD for
Drinking/Domestic, 21 KLD for Dust Suppression & Plantation)
16
Manpower requirement
102
17
Nearest Railway Station
Sojat Road (8 km)
18
Nearest State Highway/
National Highway
NH-14 (2 km)
19
Nearest Airport
Jodhpur Airport (105 km)
6
10
11
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
1 MCM (1.4 MMT)
5 Year
16
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
1.6.
Need for the project and its importance to the country or region
For meeting the huge demand of construction material like coarse and fine sand/Bajri required
in building construction and infrastructure works, road material for construction and
maintenance of roads / highway material in Jodhpur Division of Rajasthan. The natural
available materials in riverbed is suitable from techno-economic consideration. The mining
project shall provide direct employment besides creation of additional jobs by way of
transportation. Apart from this, it will fetch huge revenue to state exchequer.
1.7.
Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework
The emerging environmental scenario calls for requisite attention on conservation and proper
use of natural resources and development without destruction. The environmental
consideration in any development process has become a necessity for achieving sustainable
developmental. To achieve these goals, the Ministry of Environment & Forests, Govt. of India,
has enacted various acts, legislations, guidelines and standards from time to time. The
principal environmental regulatory agency in India is the Ministry of Environment & Forests,
New Delhi. MoEF formulates environmental policies and accords environmental clearances for
different projects. The important environmental legislations in India are given in Table 1.2.
Table 1.2 : Key Environmental Legislations
Name
Scope and Objective
Key Areas
Water (Prevention
and Control of
Pollution) Act, 1974,
1988
To provide for the
prevention and control of
water
pollution
and
enhancing the quality of
water
To provide for the
prevention and control of
air pollution
Control
sewage
and
industrial
effluent
discharges
Controls emission of air
pollutants
Central and State
Pollution
Control
Board
Noise Pollution
(Regulation &
Control) Rule 2000
Noise pollution control
Control of noise pollution in
residential,
commercial,
industrial and silent zones
Central and State
Pollution
Control
Board
Forest
(Conservation) Act,
1980, 1988
To
consolidate
acquisition of common
property such as forest,
halt
India’s
rapid
deforestation
and
resulting environmental
degradation
Regulates
access
to
natural resources, state
has a monopoly right over
land, categories forests,
restriction
on
dereservation and using
forest
for
non-forest
purpose
State
Government
and
Central
Government
Air (Prevention and
Control of Pollution)
Act, 1981, 1987
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
Operational
Agencies/Key
Player
Central and State
Pollution
Control
Boards
17
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
Name
Scope and Objective
Key Areas
Operational
Agencies/Key
Player
Wildlife
Advisory
Boards, Central Zoo
Authorities
Wildlife (Protection)
Act, 1972, 1993
To protect wildlife
Creates protected areas
(national
parks
/
sanctuaries) categories of
wildlife which are protected
Ancient Monuments
and Archaeological
sites & Remains Act,
1958
To
protect
ancient
monuments of national
heritage / importance
Conservation of cultural
and historical remains
found in India
Archaeological
Survey of India
Hazardous Wastes
(Management and
Handling)
Rules,
1989
Biological Diversity
Act, 2002
Health and safety
Assessment of hazardous
materials
and
management
Central and State
Pollution
Control
Board
Biodiversity conservation
MoEF, New Delhi and
State
Forest
Departments
International
Environmental
(regulation in which
India is a signatory)
Control and reduction of
greenhouse gases
Disclosure
of
species
survey
or
collection
activities to the National
Biodiversity Authority
International
environmental issues such
as emission of greenhouse
gases
Environment
(Protection)
1986
To provide
protection
improvement
environment
the
and
of
An umbrella legislation,
supplements pollution laws
The new legislation will
guide
all
land
acquisitions of central
and state governments,
bringing in stricter norms
and
increasing
landowners’
compensation
significantly.
Environment
Impact
Assessment
Fair compensation to the
assets
acquired
and
proper rehabilitation and
resettlement of PAFs with
improvement
in
postacquisition social and
economic status
Central government
nodal agency, MoEF
can delegate to state
departments
of
environment
Central and State
Government
Act,
Right
to
Fair
Compensation and
Transparency
in
Land
Acquisition,
Rehabilitation and
Resettlement
Act,
2013
EIA Notification 14th
Sep 2006 and
amendment 1st Dec
2009
for
Environmental Protection
Govt. of India
Project Development,
State and Central
Government
As per MoEF notification, dated 14th September 2006 and its amendment dated 1st December
2009, construction of a new project or activities or the expansion or modernization of existing
projects or activities listed in the schedule to the notification shall be undertaken in any part of
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
18
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
India only after the prior environmental clearance from the Central Government in the Ministry
of Environment and Forests, New Delhi for matters falling under Category ‘A’ in the schedule
and at state level the State Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA) for matters
falling under Category ‘B’ in the said schedule, the later duly constituted by the Central
Government under sub-section (3) of section 3 of the said act.
In the present case, the riverbed mining of Sand/Bajri in lease area of 4316.00 ha relates to
mining of minerals (non-coal) project falling under project category with threshold limit “A”, and
as such, the scoping clearance was sought from the Ministry of Environment & Forest.
1.8.
Scoping Of the Project
In consonance with the provision, under section-6 of the MoEF notification, dated 14th
September 2006, the project proponent has moved an application, to the Ministry of
Environment and Forest in the prescribed Form-I duly filled along a copy of the PFR of the
project. The first step, required in the environment clearance process is ‘Scoping’ by which the
SEAC determines detailed and comprehensive Terms of Reference (TOR) addressing all
relevant environment concerns for the preparation of an Environmental Impact Assessment
(EIA) Report in respect of the project for which prior environment clearance is being sought.
After going through the various aspects of the river bed mining at the proposed site and the
related documents like Form – I and the PFR, the EAC, MoEF in its 11th meeting held on 25th
to 27th September 2013 set out the scoping clearance and issued ToR proposed for
environmental impact assessment studies and preparation of environmental management plan
for River bed mining and for submission of report after Public Hearing.
1.9.
Environmental Framework of the State
The specific laws and policies that are formulated by the state government for achieving certain
level of sustainability in the human actions are mentioned in Table 1.3.
Table 1.3 : Environmental Framework of State Government
S.
No.
1.
2.
3.
Legislation / Policy
Objective
Rajasthan Minor Mineral Concession
Rules, 1986 (amended up to 19
June, 2012)
Rajasthan State Environment Policy,
2010.
Rajasthan State Water Policy, 2010
Relating application for mining lease,
its
procedures
authorities
and
application forms
Sustainable development of the state
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
To protect
resources
and
conserve
water
19
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
4.
1.9.1.
Rajasthan State Forest Policy, 2010
Protection and prevention of forest and
increasing vegetal cover, reduce soil
erosion.
The Rajasthan minor minerals (concession) revised rules, 1986 (amended upto 19th
June 2012)
The rules inter alia provide for procedure for application for quarrying of minor minerals, grant
of mining lease, restriction on grant of mining lease, various mandatory registers of mining
lease, royalties in respect of mining leases, besides conditions applicable on mining lease, the
rights of lessee and the rights and power of the government. The amended rules 2012, under
newly introduced chapter IVA contains provision for systematic, scientific and environment
friendly mining plan. The new rules also allow the lessees/licensees/Short term public holder
having an area more than 1 ha and less than 5 ha individually to form an association of cluster
and submit environment management plans (EMPs), prepared by a recognized person under
the rules, to the district level environment committee for approval.
1.9.2.
Rajasthan State Environment Policy 2010
The objectives and principles of the State Environment Policy are the same as enshrine in the
National Environment Policy, 2006. It inter alia includes the environment mission and climate
change agenda for this state for 2010-2014 in keeping with the fourth assessment report of the
inter-governmental panel on Climate Change (IPCC). This policy document is based on an
analysis of the state-specific issues, the natural resource constraints from which these emerge,
and their overall implications for the environment. The document identifies the key
environmental challenges and outlines strategies and actions to address them. Above all, it is
intended to be a guide to action, and accordingly provides inputs for a State Environment
Mission, supported by Task Forces with specific agenda and action plan, and institutional
arrangements for implementation of the proposed measures. The set of strategies and actions
to redress the key environmental problems of the State have been covered under three broad
areas:
1.9.3.

conserving and enhancing environmental resources;

assuring sustainability of key economic sectors; and

improving environmental governance and building capacity
State Water Policy
The spiral growth of imbalance between demand and supply of water and continued depletion
of ground water resources along with deteriorating water quality has led the state to formulate
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
20
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
a well-addressed water policy of its own by adopting a radical shift from engineering based
solution to local community based water management solution under Integrated Water
Resource Management (IWRM). This new water policy presents the framework for sustainable
development and management of water resources in the state. It focuses towards communitylevel empowerment and responsibility for water management. The objective of the state water
policy is to adopt an integrated and multi sectorial approach to the water resources planning,
development and management on a sustainable basis by considering river basin/sub basin as
unit. .
1.10.
Rajasthan State Forest Policy
In 2010, the State Government has enunciated its own Forest Policy within the framework of
National Forest Policy. This was to meet the peculiar forest situation in the State. The policy
guidelines cover almost all aspects of forestry in the State. Since forest and related issues are
one of the few most important issues of the project, implementation Forest policy is directly
relevant. Protection of existing forests from any kind of anthrogenic pressures and
maintenance of forest on sustainable basis. The principal aim of this forest policy is
environmental stability and ecological security through increased vegetal cover and reduction
in soil erosion.
1.11.
Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board (RSPCB)
The Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board (RSPCB), established in 1975 under the provision
of water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act 1974 is a statutory authority entrusted to
implement and enforce environmental laws and rules with in the territorial jurisdiction of the
state. It ensures enforcement of statues, judicial and legislative pronouncements in context to
environmental protection within the state. The board is totally or partially responsible for
implementation of central acts related to water, air, noise and Environmental Protection Act,
1986. Agency is also acting as a facilitator for Central and State environmental clearance
process. The main functions are to:
Plan and execute state-level air and water initiatives;

Advise State Government on air, water and industry issues;

Establish emission standards based on National minimum standards;

Issue consent orders (permits) for industrial air and water discharges;

Issue “No Objection Certificates” for "industrial development".

Publish statistics and disseminate information; and

Take legal action against defaulters.

Conducting of public hearing as per Paragraph -7, Stage-3 of MoEF Notification 2006.
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
21
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
1.12.
Public Hearing
In consonance with the EIA notification 14th September 2006, vide Para 7 (III) and Annexure
- IV related to public consultation, the Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board conducted the
public hearing on 16.09.2014 at the Office of Sub-divisional Officer, Sojat, District Pali in the
presence of the ADM Pali and representatives of the State Pollution Control Board, Rajasthan.
The minutes of the meeting, both in Hindi and its gist in English version alongwith the replies
and action plan has been enclosed as Annexure – III.
1.13.
Compliance of ToR
The compliance of the ToR set out as Annexure – I and additional ToR as per scoping
clearance given by the MoEF consequent to the 11th Meeting held on 25th to 27th September
2013 is given Table 1.4.
Table 1.4 : Compliance of ToR
S. No.
1.
Terms of Reference (TORs)
Year-wise production details since 1994 should be given,
clearly stating the highest production achieved in any one
year prior to 1994. It may also be categorically informed
whether there had been any increase in production after the
EIA Notification, 1994 came into force w.r.t. the highest
production achieved prior to 1994
2.
A copy of the document in support of the fact that the
Proponent is the rightful lessee of the mine should be given
All documents including approved mine plan, EIA and
public hearing should be compatible with one another in
terms of the mine lease area, production levels, waste
generation and its management and mining technology and
should be in the name of the lessee
3.
4.
5.
All corner coordinates of the mine lease area,
superimposed on a High Resolution Imagery/Toposheets
should be provided. Such an Imagery of the proposed area
should clearly show the land use and other ecological
features of the study area (core and buffer zone)
Does the company have a well laid down Environment
Policy approved by its Board of Directors? If so, it may be
spelt out in the EIA report with description of the prescribed
operating process/procedures to bring into focus any
infringement/deviation/violation of the environmental or
forest norms/ conditions? The hierarchical system or
administrative order of the Company to deal with the
environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
Cross Ref. in EIA Report
Neither the project proponent had
carried out any mining in ML Area
before 1994 nor was he entitled to
carry out such operation in the
period anterior to the date of issue
of letter of intent. In the light of the
interim relief by the Hon’ble Apex
Court, the LoI has executed the
mining operation and during period
December
2013
and
upto
November 2014, has won 286264
metric tonne. (Section 2.8.5)
Letter of Intent (Annexure-I)
Yes chapter 1 and 2 provide
project details from which it is
manifest that data regarding mine
lease area , production levels and
waste
generation
and
its
management etc are in line with
approved mine plan (Volume-II).
The mine lease area, with all
corner coordinates, has been
marked in mosaic of toposheets in
Figure 3.1 and satellite view is
shown in Figure 3.2
The project proponent has
environment policy of its own
(Annexure-VIII). The PP shall
comply with the environmental
norms and conditions set forth in
the main Environmental Clearance
of the project and shall submit
compliance
to
the
MoEF
22
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
EC conditions may also be given. The system of reporting
of non-compliances / violations of environmental norms to
the Board of Directors of the Company and/or shareholders
or stakeholders at large may also be detailed in the EIA
report.
6.
Issues relating to Mine Safety, including subsidence study
in case of underground mining and slope study in case of
open cast mining, blasting study etc. should be detailed.
The proposed safeguard measures in each case should
also be provided.
7.
The study area will comprise of 10 km zone around the
mine lease from lease periphery and the data contained in
the EIA such as waste generation etc., should be for the life
of the mine / lease period.
8.
Land use of the study area delineating forest area,
agricultural land, grazing land, wildlife sanctuary, national
park, migratory routes of fauna, water bodies, human
settlements and other ecological features should be
indicated. Land use plan of the mine lease area should be
prepared to encompass preoperational, operational and
post operational phases and submitted. Impact, if any, of
change of land use should be given.
Details of the land for any Over Burden Dumps outside the
mine lease, such as extent of land area, distance from mine
lease, its land use, R&R issues, if any, should be given
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
A Certificate from the Competent Authority in the State
Forest Department should be provided, confirming the
involvement of forestland, if any, in the project area. In the
event of any contrary claim by the Project Proponent
regarding the status of forests, the site may be inspected
by the State Forest Department along with the Regional
Office of the Ministry to ascertain the status of forests,
based on which, the Certificate in this regard as mentioned
above be issued. In all such cases, it would be desirable for
representative of the State Forest Department to assist the
Expert Appraisal Committees
Status of forestry clearance for the broken up area and
virgin forestland involved in the Project including deposition
of net present value (NPV) and compensatory afforestation
(CA) should be indicated. A copy of the forestry clearance
should also be furnished.
Implementation status of recognition of forest rights under
the Scheduled Tribes and other Traditional Forest Dwellers
(Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 should be
indicated
The vegetation in the RF / PF areas in the study area, with
necessary details, should be given
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
periodically as warranted under
the EC letter. The hierarchical
system of the company and the
system
for
reporting
noncompliances has been covered
under Section 6.6 and its subsection.
The issues related to safety of
opencast riverbed mining and
safety of river and nearby
structures have been eloquently
made out in Section 2.1 and the
slope study for failure of pit slope
shows that the safety factor is
more than 1.5 (Section 7.5)
The study area falling within the
domain of the tehsil is shown in
Figure 3.1 and the waste
generation for the entire lease
period has been worked out.
(Section 2.8.10 and Table 2.5)
Landuse map of study area
comprising 10 km and 2 km zone
around Mine Lease and Lease
Periphery is shown in Figure 3.9
and Tabulated in Table 3.5 and the
Landuse pattern of the ML Area at
present and at the end of 3rd and
5th year is shown in Table 3.6.
There will be no development of
overburden dumps and thus no
land shall be required for it.
(Section 2.8.8) besides no R&R
issues is involved (Section 7.10)
No such certificate is warranted as
the mine lease area is revenue
waste land and no forest land is
involved in mining operation.
Not applicable as no diversion of
forest land for non-forestry
purpose is envisaged.
Not applicable in view of serial no.
11
The taxonomic diversity and the
phyto-sociological characteristics
of the plant species in core and
23
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
A study shall be got done to ascertain the impact of the
Mining Project on wildlife of the study area and details
furnished. Impact of the project on the wildlife in the
surrounding and any other protected area and accordingly
detailed mitigative measures required, should be worked
out with cost implications and submitted.
Location of National Parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere
Reserves,
Wildlife
Corridors,
Tiger/Elephant
Reserves/(existing as well as proposed), if any, within 10
km of the mine lease should be clearly indicated, supported
by a location map duly authenticated by Chief Wildlife
Warden. Necessary clearance, as may be applicable to
such projects due to proximity of the ecologically sensitive
areas as mentioned above, should be obtained from the
State Wildlife Department/Chief Wildlife Warden under the
Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 and copy furnished
A detailed biological study of the study area [core zone and
buffer zone (10 km radius of the periphery of the mine
lease)] shall be carried out. Details of flora and fauna, duly
authenticated, separately for core and buffer zone should
be furnished based on such primary field survey, clearly
indicating the Schedule of the fauna present. In case of any
scheduled I fauna found in the study area, the necessary
plan for their conservation should be prepared in
consultation with State Forest and Wildlife Department and
details furnished. Necessary allocation of funds for
implementing the same should be made as part of the
project cost.
Proximity to Areas declared as ‘Critically Polluted’ or the
Project areas likely to come under the ‘Aravali Range’,
(attracting court restrictions for mining operations), should
also be indicated and where so required, clearance
certifications from the prescribed Authorities, such as the
SPCB or State Mining Dept. Should be secured and
furnished to the effect that the proposed mining activities
could be considered
Similarly, for coastal Projects, A CRZ map duly
authenticated by one of the authorized agencies
demarcating LTL. HTL, CRZ area, location of the mine
lease w.r.t CRZ, coastal features such as mangroves, if
any, should be furnished.
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
buffer zone covering forested area
has been provided in detailed
(Section 3.9.1)
The impact of mining on fauna in
the study area has been dealt with
in detailed under Section 4.8.2.
and measure for minimizing impact
on fauna has been discussed
under Sub-Section 4.8.2.1.
Todgarh Raoli WLS exists within
10km of the mine lease area. The
location of the WLS vis-à-vis the
revenue villages along river(s) in
the mine lease area within 10 km
have been marked on Toposheet
45 G/13 (Figure 3.21)
Detailed biological study for flora of
core and buffer zone has been
conducted and shown in Section
3.9.1 and for terrestrial and aquatic
fauna under Section 3.9.2.
Conservation Plan for specific
species covered under Schedule I
& II has been provided under
Section 9.2.5.
The proposed mine lease area
falling in tehsil Sojat of district Pali
is not identified as critically
polluted area. Therefore, at
present there is no moratorium on
consideration of projects for EC in
respect of Tehsil Sojat in District
Pali, Rajasthan. The mining plans
for tehsil Sojat has been approved
by the Department of Geology and
Mines Rajasthan. Therefore no
clearance certificate from the
SPCB is warranted. The mine
lease area does not fall under
Aravalli
Range
Notification
(Certificate of Competent Authority
enclosed as Annexure IV). The
mine plan has been approved by
the State Mining Department.
Mining project is in Western
Rajasthan and does not fall under
CRZ.
24
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
(Note: The Mining Projects falling under CRZ would also
need to obtain approval of the concerned Coastal Zone
Management Authority)
R&R Plan/compensation details for the Project Affected
People (PAP) should be furnished. While preparing the
R&R Plan, the relevant State/National Rehabilitation &
Resettlement Policy should be kept in view. In respect of
SCs /STs and other weaker sections of the society in the
study area, a need based sample survey, family wise,
should be undertaken to assess their requirements, and
action programmes prepared and submitted accordingly,
integrating the sectoral programmes of line departments of
the State Government. It may be clearly brought out
whether the village located in the mine lease area will be
shifted or not. The issues relating to shifting of Village
including their R&R and socio-economic aspects should be
discussed in the report.
One season (non-monsoon) primary baseline data on
ambient air quality (PM10, SO2 and NOx), water quality,
noise level, soil and flora and fauna shall be collected and
the AAQ and other data so compiled presented date wise
in the EIA and EMP Report. Site specific meteorological
data should also be collected. The location of the
monitoring stations should be such as to represent whole
of the study area and justified keeping in view the pre
dominant downwind direction and location of sensitive
receptors. There should be at least one monitoring station
within 500 m of the mine lease in the pre dominant
downwind direction.
The mineralogical composition of PM10, particularly for free
silica, should be given.
Air quality modelling should be carried out for prediction of
impact of the project on the air quality of the area. It should
also take into account the impact of movement of vehicles
for transportation of mineral.
The details of the model used and input parameters used
for modelling should be provided. The air quality contours
may be shown on a location map clearly indicating the
location of the site, location of sensitive receptors, if any,
and the habitation. The wind roses showing pre-dominant
wind direction may also be indicated on the map
The water requirement for the Project, its availability and
source should be furnished. A detailed water balance
should also be provided. Fresh water requirement for the
Project should be indicated
Necessary clearance from the Competent Authority for
drawl of requisite quantity of water for the Project should be
provided
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
In the wake of the fact that no
private land or asset acquisition is
involved in the mine lease area
which totally falls in revenue waste
land classified as Gair Mumkin
Nadi/Nala in the revenue records,
no R&R plan is warranted (Section
7.10 and Section 7.11)
The baseline data for winter
season (October - December
2013) has been collected in
respect of air quality (Section 3.5);
Water Quality (Section 3.6); Noise
(Section 3.8); Soil (Section 3.7);
Flora & Fauna (Section 3.9); Site
specific
meteorological
data
(Section 3.4). One or more than
one monitoring stations in the predominant wind direction have been
fixed within 500 m of the area.
In order to predict the particulate
emissions, Lakes Environmental
Aermod View ver. 6.2 (Air
Dispersion Modelling Software) an
interface based on ISCST3 - was
used to predict changes in air
quality i.e., maximum ground level
concentration
(GLC’s)
of
Particulate Matter. (Section 4.7)
Water requirement for human
consumption, plantation and dust
suppression shall be met from
ground water resource from
nearby tube wells on payment
basis (Section 2.7.4) Water
Balance is shown in Figure 2.1.
Sojat block does not fall under
notified area as per latest list of
notified blocks for control and
regulation of ground water. No
NOC from the CGWA shall have to
be obtained for abstraction of
ground water in terms of CGWA
No. 21-4/Guidelines/CGWA/2009832 dated 14.10.2009, as the
25
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
24.
Description of water conservation measures proposed to be
adopted in the Project should be given. Details of rainwater
harvesting proposed in the Project, if any, should be
provided.
25.
Impact of the project on the water quality, both surface and
groundwater should be assessed and necessary safeguard
measures, if any required, should be provided.
26.
Based on actual monitored data, it may clearly be shown
whether working will intersect groundwater. Necessary
data and documentation in this regard may be provided. In
case the working will intersect groundwater table, a detailed
Hydro-Geological Study should be undertaken and Report
furnished. Necessary permission from Central Ground
Water Authority for working below ground water and for
pumping of ground water should also be obtained and copy
furnished
27.
Details of any stream, seasonal or otherwise, passing
through the lease area and modification / diversion
proposed, if any, and the impact of the same on the
hydrology should be brought out.
Information on site elevation, working depth, groundwater
table etc. Should be provided both in AMSL and bgl. A
schematic diagram may also be provided for the same
28.
29.
30.
A time bound Progressive Greenbelt Development Plan
shall be prepared in a tabular form (indicating the linear and
quantitative coverage, plant species and time frame) and
submitted, keeping in mind, the same will have to be
executed up front on commencement of the project.
Impact on local transport infrastructure due to the Project
should be indicated. Projected increase in truck traffic as a
result of the Project in the present road network (including
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
water requirement from ground
water source does not exceed 25
Kld the limit prescribed in the
notification dated 14.10.2009 in
case of overexploited block like
Sojat (Section 2.11.2)
The mining pits can be construed
as the recharge structure having
adequate capacity for impounding
surface run-off. These pits cause
quick recharging of the ground
water through percolation (Section
4.5),
besides
this
water
conservation provision has been
made under CSR (Section 9.2.6)
Neither there will be any impact on
surface water quality in so far as
there shall be no synergic realtion
between water and soil during eh
period of mining nor there shall be
impact on ground water quality as
the mining activity does not
intersect the ground water table
(Section 4.5.2 and Section 4.5.3)
The longitudinal profile of the
rivers, showing river bed elevation
at different RD, the elevation of the
mining floor (pit) corresponding to
3m depth of mining and the depth
to the ground water table based on
nearby
wells
and
past
measurement of ground water
depth carried out by the ground
water department ,separately for
each river have been prepared.
The groundwater table shall not
intersect with the bottom of mining
pits (Section 2.9). No pumping of
ground water or dewatering is
envisaged under the mine plan
No
temporary
diversion
of
discharge of main rivers or any of
their interlacing is warranted for
facilitating mining (Section 4.2.2)
Combined
Schematic
View
showing average natural surface
level, pit bottom level and GWT for
each of the river involved is shown
in Figure 2.2 and 2.3.
Progressive
greenbelt
development plan mentioning the
plant species and time frame has
been submitted in Tabular form
under Sub-Section 9.3.4
Detailed transportation study has
been carried out under Section
4.10
26
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
those outside the Project area) should be worked out,
indicating whether it is capable of handling the incremental
load. Arrangement for improving the infrastructure, if
contemplated (including action to be taken by other
agencies such as State Government) should be covered.
Details of the onsite shelter and facilities to be provided to
the mine workers should be included in the EIA report
Conceptual post mining land use and Reclamation and
Restoration of mined out areas (with plans and with
adequate number of sections) should be given in the EIA
report
A time bound Progressive Greenbelt Development Plan
shall be prepared in a tabular form (indicating the linear and
quantitative coverage, plant species and time frame) and
submitted, keeping in mind, the same will have to be
executed up front on commencement of the project. Phase
wise plan of plantation and compensatory afforestation
should be charted clearly indicating the area to be covered
under plantation and the species to be planted. The details
of plantation already done should be given.
Occupational Health impacts of the Project should be
anticipated and the proposed preventive measures spelt
out in detail. Details of pre placement medical examination
and periodical medical examination schedules should be
incorporated in the EMP.
Public health implications of the Project and related
activities for the population in the impact zone should be
systematically evaluated and the proposed remedial
measures should be detailed along with budgetary
allocations.
Measures of socio economic significance and influence to
the local community proposed to be provided by the Project
Proponent should be indicated. As far as possible,
quantitative dimensions may be given with time frames for
implementation
Detailed environmental management plan to mitigate the
environmental impacts which, should inter alia include the
impacts of change of land use, loss of agricultural and
grazing land, if any, occupational health impacts besides
other impacts specific to the proposed Project
Public hearing points raised and commitment of the project
proponent on the same along with time bound action plan
to implement the same should be provided and also
incorporated in the final EIA/EMP Report of the Project.
Details of litigation pending against the project, if any, with
direction /order passed by any Court of Law against the
project should be given.
The cost of the project (capital cost and recurring cost) as
well as the cost towards implementation of EMP should
clearly be spelt out.
Proper site services such as First
Aid, Rest Shelter, and Drinking
Water will be provided to the mine
workers (Section 2.8.13)
Section 2.8.9
Detailed greenbelt development
plan mentioning the plant species
and time frame has been has been
dealt with under Section 9.3. No
plantation has been carried out
yet.
Impacts have been anticipated and
measures spelt out (Section 7.9),
and detailed occupation health
management
plan
provided
(Section 9.5)
Discussed under Section 4.9
The positive and adverse impact
on socio-economic impact to the
local
community has
been
discussed under Section 4.9
The environmental plan to mitigate
environmental impact have been
formulated (Section 9.2 through
Section 9.6)
Incorporated after conducting
Public and receiving of minutes
(Annexure-III)
There are no litigations/court
cases pending against the project
as informed by the project
proponent. (Section 1.4.3)
Capital Cost and Recurring cost for
implementation of EMP have been
provided under Section 9.7,
Section 9.8 and Table 9.7
Additional
ToR
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
27
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
41.
Details of Replenishment studies
42.
Details of transportation of mined out materials as per the
Indian road Congress for both the ways (loaded as well as
unloaded trucks) load and its impact on Environment
43.
Proper species specific conservation plan for Schedule-I
and II species
44.
Impact of mining on plankton
45.
46.
Details of mining activity to be provided w.r.t block wise/
calendar wise / Zonal wise, as the mine lease area is having
a long stretch
Details of Gradient of river bed to be provided
47.
Details of excavation schedule & sequential mining plan
48.
Mining Plan shall be prepared carefully dividing lease area
into manageable blocks to ensure scientific and systematic
mining of minor minerals
The baseline data shall be collected so as to represent the
whole mine lease area
As the area falls in the critically polluted area, the
comments from Rajasthan SPCB shall be obtained.
49.
50.
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
Detailed computation of silt rate on
the basis of various methods has
been assessed. (Table 7.2 and
Section 7.2)
Study has been conducted for the
impact due to transportation on
carrying capacity of the Highway
(Section 4.10.1); due to increase in
vehicular emissions due to mineral
transportation. (Section 4.10.2)
and noise due to increased traffic
(Section 4.11)
Conservation Plan for specific
species has been formulated
(Section 9.2.5)
The impact on plankton is totally
ruled out as there shall be no water
column during period of mining
(Section 4.8.4)
Section 2.8.6
Details of gradient of riverbed has
been provided (Section 3.2.3.4
and Table 3.3)
Details covered under Section
2.8.7 and Table 2.3 and 2.4
Approved mine plan in separate
Volume
Section 3.5 through 3.9
The mine area does not fall under
critically polluted industrial cluster /
area area identified by CPCB.
Thus
no
comments
from
Rajasthan SPCB is warranted.
28
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
CHAPTER 2.
2.1.
: Project Description
General
The project envisages open cast semi-mechanized extraction of Sand/Bajri to an annual
maximum of 1.4 MMT for five years from riverbed of Sukri, Lilri, Guhiya and Rediya river
constituting a combined mine lease area 4316.0 ha for five years. There is no national park /
wildlife sanctuary, elephant / tiger reserve, eco-sensitive area within 10km radius of the project.
Neither any forest land, nor any private land is involved in the mine lease area which totally
falls in revenue waste land classified as Gair Mumkin Nadi/Nala in the revenue records. The
lease area is a linear area along different ephemeral river(s) like Sukri, Lilri, Guhiya and Rediya
which cover a longitudinal profile of 91 km, 45.5 km, 40 km and 28 km respectively in the Tehsil.
Sukri river and its tributaries Lilri, Modiya Nala and Kantaliya Nala originate from the Aravali
ranges and flow from East to West in Tehsil Sojat. The upper most extremity of the lease area
along these rivers begins after these have debouched from the Aravali range to the plain land
of the Tehsil and is close to the Todgarh Raoli Wildlife Sanctuary, located in the Aravali range
constituting the eastern boundaries of tehsil Raipur, Sojat, Kharchi (Marwar Jn.) and Desuri
and shares boundary with district Ajmer, Rajsamand (Erstwhile Udaipur). The nearest revenue
village Gajini, Khakara, Ladpura and Raira Kalan which lie in the lease area along Sukri river,
Modiya Nadi, Lilri Nadi and Guriya Nadi are 1 km, 1 km, 4 km and 6.5 km away from the
western boundary of Todgarh Raowli Wildlife Sanctuary. It is thus evident that some stretches
of the mine lease area along the rivers fall within 10 km from the periphery of the western
boundary of Todgarh Raoli Wildlife Sanctuary. The mining is not proposed within the core-zone
of the sanctuary. As of now no ESZ has been notified in respect of the sanctuary.
2.2.
Type of Project
The project has been proposed for an annual production of 1 MCM (1.4 MMT) of Sand (Bajri)
by open cast Semi-Mechanized extraction method in river bed. The project has no other
interlinked project. The proposed planning details are:
Mining method
-
Open Cast Semi-Mechanized mining method
Project cost
-
Rs. 75 lac
Production
-
Sand/Bajri –1.4 MMT per annum (maximum)
No solid waste other than small quantity of silt/silty clay, which invariably gets deposited as
crust material on the bed profile, after the recession of flood/flash floods, shall be scrapped
and carefully stored for depositing in the upper terraces earmarked for plantation purpose. Due
to deployment of excavators, the silt and clay which have deposited in different sediment layers
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
29
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
with time in the inter beds shall be excavated along with the sand and loaded into the transport
vehicles.
During monsoon season and especially during flash flood regime the rivers with significant free
draining catchment reach high stage and transport suspended sediment of high concentration
and larger amount than the bed load material. The bed load material/sediments which get
accredited at such stretch which has wider river width and has concave banks during the
passing of the floods while the suspended particles settle on the receding of floods. The mined
out area in river bed thus gets replenished only in the eventuality of frequent storm events
which cause heavy run-off to pass through the river which may or not have anicut or dam
across it to facilitate the sediment deposition. Thus no backfilling is required in the case of river
bed mining. The rehabilitation/reclamation of such lease area that has been secluded for
mining being close to the bank in the form of upper terraces will be done by way of tree
plantation along lease boundary. Green barriers will be created by plantation as per CPCB
Guidelines.
2.3.
Need for the Project
A fast developing country like India, with its abnormally high population, has to keep pace with
the development worldwide and thus it requires development of large infrastructure projects in
the sector of surface transport, power, building industries etc. Huge quantities of raw
construction materials like Sand and Bajri mine are required in erecting vast civil engineering
structures of infrastructure works. The riverbed mining for obtaining raw construction material
is an important source besides rock-in-situ quarries. Hence, considering the demand of Sand
and Bajri & sufficient availability in the area, it is very much necessary to have Sand and Bajri
projects to sustain Infrastructure project as well as household requirement in the area and to
provide employment opportunities to the locals. The scientific extraction of sand / bajri from
river sections incidentally helps in lowering the high flood levels and at the same time reduce
the flooding situations of low lying areas near the river banks.
For meeting the huge demand of construction material like coarse and fine aggregate required
in building construction and infrastructure works, road material for construction and
maintenance of roads / highway material in Jodhpur and Ajmer Division of Rajasthan. The
natural available materials in riverbed have found suitable from techno-economic
consideration. The mining project shall provide direct employment besides creation of
additional jobs by way of transportation. Apart from this, it will fetch huge revenue to state
exchequer.
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
30
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
2.4.
Location, Project Boundary and Project Site Layout
The mine lease area is linearly stretched under 113 revenue villages of tehsil Sojat, district
Pali, mentioned ibid. The geographical location is covered under SOI Toposheet no. 45 G/5,
45G/9, 45G/13, 45 F/8, 45 F/12 and 45 F/16. The site is approachable from through NH-14
and SH-62 and DRS’.
2.5.
Size or magnitude of Operation
The project envisages open cast Semi-Mechanized extraction of Sand/Bajri to an annual
maximum of 1.4 MMT, thereby implying that the daily production has been contemplated as
5000 metric tonne. The mining shall be carried out for 5 years, from stretches of wider river
course. The total area of mine lease is 4316.0 ha. The proponent were granted mining lease
for mining of sand and bajri for a period of five years.
2.6.
Proposed Schedule for Implementation
The target production of Sand/Bajri mining during 5 year lease period from the mine is 5 MCM
(7 MMT). The mine will be worked on during the day shift only. The average number of working
days in the year would be 280. The annual production scheduled, as per approved mining plan,
is given in Table 2.1. It is revealed that the maximum proposed production in any block is 0.35
million metric tonne.
Table 2.1 : Annual Production Schedule (Million Metric Tonne)
S.No
1
2
3
4
5
Year
Block –A
Block –B
0.21
0.35
0.28
0.35
0.21
1.4
0.28
0.21
0.21
0.28
0.21
1.19
I
II
III
IV
V
Total
Block –
C
0.21
0.28
0.21
0.21
0.35
1.26
2.7.
Technology and Process Description
2.7.1.
Method of Mining
Block –D
Block –E
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.21
0.28
1.54
0.35
0.21
0.35
0.35
0.35
1.61
Total
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
7.0
River bed mining is for extracting sand from riverbed of Sukri, Lilri, Guhiya and Rediya river.
As per RMMC Rules 1986, extraction is limited to 3.0 m depth only from the surface area. River
bed remains dry for most period of the year except for few days in rainy season during which
the mining activity is stalled. The collective stretch of the lease area for each river has been
sub-divided in to five blocks for ease of operation, supervision, management and safety. Dry
riverbed mining will be carried out as per the approved production schedule. Light weight
excavators will be deployed for extraction in 3.0 m layer only forming one bench. This is as per
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
31
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
the digging depth of the equipment. Mineral will be loaded in tippers/trucks (20 tonne). The
mining machinery and equipment and transportation vehicles will be on hire/rental basis. Every
block will be considered as a unit and will be provided with all facilities like rest shelter, first aid
facilities, drinking water arrangement. 3m high bench will advance parallel to the bank of the
river in available varying width after secluding 10m wide bank offsets. Mine working will be
restricted within the lease area. However, movement of trucks after mineral loading will be
towards both sides through approach roads connecting to metaled link road either to NH-14 or
SH-67 for destination. Every block will have its own approach roads from riverbed connecting
to the nearest DR/ SH/NH.
2.7.2.
Blasting
No blasting is proposed to be done.
2.7.3.
Raw Material Required
No raw material is required for extraction of minerals.
2.7.4.
Water Requirement and source
Water requirement for human consumption, plantation and dust suppression is 25 KLD, which
shall be met from ground water resource from nearby tube wells on payment basis. Sojat block
does not fall under notified area as per latest list of notified blocks for control and regulation of
ground water (http://www.cgwb.gov.in/CGWA/Notified_areas.html). The project thus lies in
Non-Notified Area and is neither covered under industrial/infrastructure projects nor the mining
activities shall intersect the ground water table and no dewatering of mining pit is envisaged.
No NOC from the CGWA shall have to be obtained for abstraction of ground water in terms of
CGWA No. 21-4/Guidelines/CGWA/2009-832 dated 14.10.2009, as the water requirement (25
Kld) from ground water source does not exceed 25 Kld, the limit prescribed in the notification
dated 14.10.2009 in case of overexploited block like Sojat. As the water requirement is merely
25 Kld the project proponent can take supply from the authorized agencies. The daily water
requirement is shown in Table 2.2 and the water balance is shown in Figure 2.1.
Table 2.2 : Daily Water Requirement
S. No.
1.
2.
3.
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
Activities
Dust suppression
Drinking / Domestic water need at mine site
Green Belt
Total
Demand (kld)
15.0
4.0
6.0
25.0
32
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
04
Residual Qty (3.2)
Discharge to Soak
Pit
Domestic
Use
Dust
25
15
Suppression
Source:
Privately
06
Green Belt
Owned wells
Figure 2.1 : Water Balance
2.7.5.
Electric Power / Fuel
As the mining activities shall be carried out in broad day light upto 6pm everyday, there shall
be no need for lightening in the mining area. No electrical power shall be required for operations
of mining machinery which are diesel based prime movers. About 1.0 KLD of HSD oil shall be
needed as primary energy source for running of mining machinery. It will be arranged from the
nearby diesel outlet/depot.
2.7.6.
Man Power Requirement
About 102 workforce including one Ist and IInd class mine manager under Rule 37N(1)(i)
RMMCR 1986, foreman, mine mates, supervisors, skilled operators and helpers, semi-skilled
and un-skilled workers shall be engaged for extraction of Sand/Bajri and loading and handling
of mineral in mining area, besides, watch and ward and plantation activity with proper
maintenance.
2.7.7.
Extent Of Mechanization
The project is contemplated to win the mineral (Sand / Bajri) by Semi-Mechanized open cast
method of mining without blasting. For an optimum daily production of 5000 metric tonne
following inventory of excavators, loaders, transport and other light vehicles and the water
sprinklers shall be deployed.
S. No.
Name of machinery
Capacity
Nos.
Remark
1
Excavators
0.9 to 1.2 m
20
On hire
2
Tippers\ Trucks
20 tones
28
On hire
3
Water tanker
4000 liters
6
On hire
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
33
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
4
Pay loader JCB
-
2
On hire
5
Light vehicles
-
4
On hire
2.8.
Project Description
2.8.1.
Geological Reserve
The geological reserve of the lease area are assessed by multiplying the lease area with the
permitted depth of extraction i.e. three meter at each point. In the present case, the volume
shall be 129.48 million cubic meter. The conversion factor for sand as provided in RMMCR,
1986 has been adopted as 1.40 metric tonne/per cubic meter for working out the total tonnage
of material. Thus, geological reserves are 181.27 million metric tonne up to three meters depth
from the natural surface bed / level at any point, without taking into account the replenishment
factor.
2.8.2.
Mineable Reserves and Targeted Production During Lease Period
The mineable reserves have been worked out by excluding from the geological reserves the
stipulated area to be left out from the mining, for the purpose of the safety and stability of the
structures (bridges) in the river section, controlling the immediate depletion of ground water
around the wells in the river sections and also from the ecological point of view, under the
following mandatory provisions of the RMMCR 1986 and standing orders of the Director of
Geology and Mines:

Under Rule 18 of Rules, 2012 of RMMCR, 1986 clause 32, the lessee shall abstain
from mining in riverbed beyond depth of 3.0 m from the surface and below the water in
such a manner that natural path of river/nallah is not altered”.

As per notification no F-14(1) Mins/Gr11/2012 dated 21 June 2012 from Dy. Secretary
to Government of Rajasthan clause 3, no person shall excavate Sand / Bajri beyond
the depth of 3.0 m from the surface below the water level of river / nallah and within 45
m of any rail/ road bridge.

10 m offset will also be left against the banks to protect side collapse/scouring and
riparian vegetation

A safety zone of 45.0 m radius shall be earmarked for the wells located in the river bed
section.
On the consideration of above, the block reserves have been assessed as:
a. Safety zone for bridge
=
5.94 MCM (8.32 MMT)
b. Roads
=
10.94 MCM (15.31 MMT)
c. Wells
=
1.91 MCM (2.67 MMT)
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
34
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
d. Offset from bank of river
Total blocked reserves
=
5.72 MCM (8.00 MMT)
=
24.51 MCM (34.30 MMT)
Thus the mineable reserves are = 129.48 MCM – 24.51 MCM = 104.97 MCM or 146.96 MMT.
Targeted Production @ 1.4 MMT/year for 5 years = 5.0 MCM (7.0 MMT)
Daily Production= Annual Production/no. of mining days= 14,00,000/280 = 5000 metric tonne
Balance Reserve = 104.97 MCM – 5 MCM = 99.97 MCM (139.96 MMT)
Thus, it is evident that out of the mineable reserve of 146.96 MMT only 7 MMT, which is 4.8 %
of the former, shall be extracted with in the 5 year lease period. This implies that more than
95% of mineable reserve shall remain as repository which may be replenished in future during
flash floods resulting into high run-off in the catchment area and overflow from the intercepted
catchment of medium and minor dams/tanks.
2.8.3.
Composition of River Bed material (Matrix)
Field survey and investigation of geological material excavated out of several dug wells and
tube wells from east to west of Pali district in Luni basin has revealed that mixed material of all
size and grades, rounded to angular, alternating with fluvial clay, concurrence sand and aeolin
fine sand predominate (Gupta et al, 1980, Pareek 1981, 1984:G.S.I. 1982; Wadhawan et al
(1999) and Sareen 2002). The index map of Luni river basin showing the litholog from dug well
and tube well sections is shown in Figure 2.2. The alluvium thickness increases from east to
west and varies between 60m to 120m deep in Pali district whereas in some area of Jalore
district Alluvium thick of 300 m has been reported. The deposition over the basement rock has
started with clay and ended with multi-grained sand and gravel sequences fining upwards. The
percentage of these constituents is likely to vary from year to year depending upon intensity,
duration and frequency of rainfall and the volume of consequent run-off.
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
35
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
72°
74°
73°
N
MERTA CITY
AJMER
JODHPUR
2
40
R.
ni
Lu
2
8
1
+ 5
61
26°
BALOTRA
BARMER
SINDARI
3.5
5.5
6.5
7.5
11.5
i R.
Sukr
25°
BHAWATRA
B
RANN
OF
KUCHCH
ni
Lu
SANCHOR
35
So
gi
R.
24.4
61
.
Luni R
1
2
5
8
9
18
25
JALOR
+ +
+
+ +
3
5
12
PALI
16
3
16
18
21
80
150
2
5
10.5
12.5
6
6.5
9
16
26°
LEGEND
Clay
Calcrete
2.5
3.7
1
25
22
SOJAT
5
5
x
20
2
35
18
61
75
85
18
x
x
Fine Sand
Medium Sand
DESURI
3
3
5
1.5
4.6
2
7.6
19
1.5
3.0 m
DEPTH (m)
NOT TO SCALE
225
0
80
40km
Scale
315
Coarse Sand
Gravel
Pebbly Cobbly
Conglomerate
25°
Sand Stone
1.5
3.0
+ Rhyolite
+
Granite
Quartzite
x x Pegmatite
Phyllite
Schist
Gneiss
267
72°
73°
74°
Figure 2.2 : Index Map of Luni River Basin Showing the Litholog from Dug Well and Tube Well
Sections
2.8.4.
Anticipated life of Mine
Since the deposition of bed material and its transportation by the tractive force created during
high floods resulting from severe storms is a natural and frequent phenomenon, the mined out
area periodically gets deposited when the high discharge passes over it. In the present case 3
m deep excavated pit due to mining shall act as a depressed basin in the river bed and function
as settling tank for the sediments during the passage of flood and also for settling of silt and
clay which remain in suspension. In view of the fact that the linear river bed mining is not carried
out in the whole river length but at some selected places where the good quality material has
aggraded, the abrupt change in the riverbed slope at the place of mining induces sediment
towards the mining pits through its sloping sides. The life of mine can be considered as
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
36
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
continuous/ perpetual as long as the rate of sediment aggradations within the mined out area
is either equal to or in excess of the rate of extraction of the river bed material. In the present
case the area mined out in any year in any block shall not be considered for mining during the
lease period of five years.
2.8.5.
Year-wise production since 1994
Consequent upon the e-auction conducted by the state government under the provisions of
RMMC 1986 revised upto 2012, the letter of intent was granted vide Rajasthan State
Government order no P.8(4) Khan/Gr. – 2/2013, Jaipur dated 13th Feb 2013 in favour of M/s
Shekhawat Associates for river-bed mining of minor mineral Sand (Bajri) over an area of
4316.0 ha covered under river stretches within bounds of 113 different revenue villages in
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali. The project proponent was not entitled to carry out mining operation
in the period anterior to the date of issue of letter of intent. However, the Honorable Apex Court
of India in its order dated 25.11.2013, in SLP 34134, has granted interim relief for carrying out
mining operation till the end of February 2014 to such holder of letter of intent who have
submitted their application to the MoEF for clearance. The Honorable Supreme Court in its
order dated 27-03-2014 has directed that the interim relief for carrying mining operation is
extended till further hearing and passing of order. In the light of the interim relief by the Hon’ble
Apex Court, the LoI has executed the mining operation and during period December 2013 and
upto November 2014, has won 286264 metric tonne, the monthly production details are given
below:
S.NO
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
MONTH
Dec-13
Jan-14
Feb-14
Mar-14
Apr-14
May-14
Jun-14
Jul-14
Aug-14
Sep-14
Oct-14
Nov-14
Total
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
QUANTITY
9243
64049
45814
23266
19468
20766
26012
23360
13633
12785
8842
19026
286264
37
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
2.8.6.
Details of Mining Activities with Respect to Block – wise, Calendar – wise / Zonal wise
The mining lease area has been conceived by considering the Tehsil, drained by various
ephemeral rivers / nallas / bala of varying length, as one unit. Thus the mining project is unlike
a compact polygonal shaped mining area with normal dimensions, having smaller ratio of
length and breadth/width, where the mining activities can be implemented with easy control.
The current project has vast linear length along river(s) as compared to the width of mining and
it extends over several rivers separated by kilometres. The project is thus necessarily a linear
project and so the principle of working from piecemeal to the whole has been adopted in
context of its planning and implementation.
For facilitating easy operation, supervision and safety, the lease area along river(s) in the
concerned Tehsil has been sub divided into four to five blocks depending upon the length of
the river(s). In each block the mining shall be carried out from u/s to d/s by deploying light
weight excavators for digging upto 3m bench height with 20m width, the benches will advance
parallel to the bank of the river(s) by maintaining stipulated offsets from both banks. The blocks
will be worked systematically as the width is limited. The mine developmental plan is shown as
Plate No. 4 attached with the approved mining plan.
2.8.7.
Details of Excavation Schedule and Sequential Mining Plan
The year-wise and block wise excavation mining scheduled for 5 years lease period, as per
approved mining plan, is presented in Table 2.3 and the corresponding production in tonnage
is shown in Table 2.4. It is evident from Table 2.3 that the annually 33.33 ha area shall be
mined out from the total lease area (4316.00 ha) which is merely 0.77 % of the lease area.
Maximum area proposed to be mined out in any block in any year is 8.33 and the maximum
area proposed to be mined is 38.33 ha in Block-E. The sequential mining plan is shown as
Plate No. 4A attached with the approved mining plan.
Table 2.3 : Block – wise yearly mining area for five years (ha)
Block –A
Block –B
Block –C
Block –D
Block –E
I
5.00
6.67
5.00
8.33
8.33
33.33
2
II
8.33
5.00
6.67
8.33
5.00
33.33
3
III
6.67
5.00
5.00
8.33
8.33
33.33
4
IV
8.33
6.67
5.00
5.00
8.33
33.33
5
V
5.00
5.00
8.33
6.67
8.33
33.33
33.33
28.33
30.00
36.67
38.33
166.67
S.No.
Year
1
Total
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
Total
38
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Table 2.4 Block – wise yearly production for five years (million metric tonne)
S.No
1
2
3
4
5
2.8.8.
Year
Block –A
Block –B
0.21
0.35
0.28
0.35
0.21
1.4
0.28
0.21
0.21
0.28
0.21
1.19
I
II
III
IV
V
Total
Block –
C
0.21
0.28
0.21
0.21
0.35
1.26
Block –D
Block –E
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.21
0.28
1.54
0.35
0.21
0.35
0.35
0.35
1.61
Total
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
7
Overburden dumps
There will be no development of overburden dumps in the present case, as the riverbed
material is not overlain with waste material warranting its disposal in the form of internal or
external dumps.
No solid waste other than small quantity of silt/silty clay, which invariably gets deposited as
crust material on the bed profile, after the recession of flood/flash floods, shall be scrapped
and carefully stored for depositing in the upper terraces earmarked for plantation purpose. Due
to deployment of excavators, the silt and clay which have deposited in different sediment layers
with time in the inter beds shall be excavated along with the sand and loaded into the transport
vehicles.
2.8.9.
Plan of backfilling of mine pit
In case of stream/river bed mining the mining pits created due to extraction of the riverbed
material are left as such for being aggraded in following monsoon season. The replenishment
process is natural as the discharge flowing in the rivers / stream invariably carries sediment
load / bed load (15% of sediment load) while passing over the river bed depression (basin)
cause due to mining, gets deposited as in the gentle bed slope segment of river section the
flow velocity is very low. Thus, backfilling plan of the riverbed pit is neither required nor it is
envisaged under the management plan. However, the quantity of scrapped crust material (clay)
which is in excess of the quantity required for plantation purpose in upper terraces shall be
deposited in the riverbed pit.
2.8.10.
Solid Waste Generation & its Disposal
No solid waste other than silt/clay, which deposits as crust material on the bed profile, shall be
scrapped and deposited into the mine pits or in the upper terraces earmarked for plantation.
Considering 1cm thickness of silt/mud on the existing river bed surface for annual mining area
of 33.33 ha approximately 3333 cum (4666.2 metric tonne) of silt and clay shall be scrapped.
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
39
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
The year-wise estimation of quantity of solid waste is shown in Table 2.5. Thus in the entire
lease period 16665 cubic meter of silt and clay (23331 metric tonne) shall be produced.
Table 2.5 : Year-wise Production of Solid waste (Cubic Meter)
Year
I
II
III
IV
V
Total
2.8.11.
Block –A
500
833
667
833
500
3333
Block –B
667
500
500
667
500
2834
Block –C
500
667
500
500
833
3000
Block –D
833
833
833
500
667
3666
Block –E
833
500
833
833
833
3832
Total
3333
3333
3333
3333
3333
16665
Liquid Effluent
There will be no wastewater generation from mining activities per se. However, the liquid
effluent to the tune of 3.2 KLD shall be generated, due to domestic water use, which shall be
processed in septic tanks/soak pits built integrally with the flush compost toilet.
2.8.12.
Mineral Transportation
Mined out material will be directly loaded into the trucks/tippers (20 MT) by deploying JCB/Pay
loaders which will be used on hired. The loaded material shall be hauled by covered/hooded
trucks which shall ply approximately 1.5 km within the Katcha path in the riverbed before
reaching the metal link roads/district roads. The movement of trucks after mineral loading will
be towards both sides through approach roads connecting to metal link road. The site is
approachable from Beawar through NH – 14 and also from Jodhpur through SH-62. Every
block, which is well connected to main highway, will have its own approach roads. For
transporting mineral to the nearby villages tractor / trolleys (6 MT) shall also be deployed.
Loaded truck will be directly dispatched to the sale points / markets and no trucks will be
allowed to park idly with in the riverbed section especially after 6 pm. For transportation of
maximum daily production of 5000 MT, about 125 trucks shall be deployed considering that
each tipper/ truck shall make two trips per day. Considering the existing road network, the
surface transport by road is the cheapest and economically viable proposition. The maximum
production shall be from Rediya river near village Chaupra which is well connected to SH-62
and is about 2 km from it.
2.8.13.
Site Services
Proper site services such as First Aid, Rest Shelter, and Drinking Water will be provided to the
mine workers. Rest shelter along with first-aid station complying with all the provisions of Mines
Rules shall be provided by the project proponent. Water will be supplied for human
consumption, dust suppression and for plantation. The mine will work in day time only, so no
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
40
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
lighting arrangement will be required. Employee will report to the duty on their own means.
Mobile phones shall be used for communication. Appropriate security arrangement shall be
made.
2.8.14.
Proposed Infrastructure
As the project will be enlisting local workers for the mining as well as for transportation of
minerals no infrastructure for their residential purposes is needed. The drinking water supply
to the worker will be provided by arranging from nearby tube wells. The latrine / urinal with the
mine rest shelter will have its own septic tank. No mining/industrial/solid waste requiring special
management would be generated.
2.9.
Site Elevation, Working Depth and Groundwater Table
The semi-mechanized river bed mining in 3m depth (maximum) shall be carried out in the
riverbed section of numerous river draining the Tehsil. The lease area is a linear area along
different river(s) like Sukri, Lilri, Guhiya and Rediya which cover a longitudinal profile of 91 km,
45.5 km 40 km and 28 km respectively in the Tehsil. All these rivers are ephemeral rivers and
influenced by nature due to good alluvium material constituting their river bed matrix. The trend
of the ground water table follows the trend of the natural drainage. The longitudinal profile of
the rivers, showing river bed elevation at different RD, the elevation of the mining floor (pit)
corresponding to 3m depth of mining and the depth to the ground water table based on nearby
wells and past measurement of ground water depth carried out by the ground water department
, separately for each river have been prepared. The groundwater table shall not intersect with
the bottom of mining pits. The schematic view showing average natural surface level, bottom
pit level and GWT for each river is shown in Figure 2.3 through 2.6.
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
41
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
400
380
360
340
El mmasl
320
300
280
260
240
220
200
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
R.D. (km)
River Bed Elevation (masl)
EL of Mining Pit
EL of GWT (Post Monsoon-13)
Figure 2.3 :Schematic Diagram of Mine Working in Sukri River
400
380
360
El mmasl
340
320
300
280
260
240
220
200
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
R.D. (km)
River Bed Elevation (masl)
EL of Mining Pit
EL of GWT (Post Monsoon-13)
Figure 2.4 :Schematic Diagram of Mine Working in Lilri River
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
42
100
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
290
280
270
El mmasl
260
250
240
230
220
210
200
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
R.D. (km)
River Bed Elevation (masl)
EL of Mining Pit
EL of GWT (Post Monsoon-13)
Figure 2.5 :Schematic Diagram of Mine Working in Guhiya River
240
235
El mmasl
230
225
220
215
210
205
200
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
R.D. (m)
River Bed Elevation (masl)
EL of Mining Pit
EL of GWT (Post Monsoon-13)
Figure 2.6 :Schematic Diagram of Mine Working in Rediya River
2.10.
Terms and conditions imposed by Director of Mines and Geology,
Rajasthan.
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
43
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
The terms and condition as set out in Form V of mine lease deed specifically related to the
mining operation and the precautionary measures inherently covered under the mining plan
have been brought out in Table 2.6.
Table 2.6 : Conditions imposed by Director of Mines and Geology
S. No. of General Conditions
Form V i.e.
of
Mine
lease
Deed
3a
The mining operations within 45 m of the public
works etc. The Lessee/Lessees shall not work
or carry on or allowed to be worked or carried
on any mining operations at or to any point
within a distance of 45 m from any Railway line
except with the previous written permission of
the railway Administration concerned, or from
any reservoir, canal or other public works or
buildings or inhabited site except with the
previous permission of the Collector or any
other officer authorized by the Government in
this behalf and other wise than in accordance
with such instructions, restrictions, and
conditions either general or special as may be
attached to such permissions. The said
distance of 45 m shall be measured in the case
of Railway, reservoir or canal horizontally from
the outer toe of the bank or the outer edge of
the cutting as the case may be and in case of
a building horizontally from the plinth thereof
4 (8)
The Lessee/Lessees shall not erect any
building or carry or any surface operations on
any public pleasure grounds, places of
worship, scared graves burial grounds or
village sites for houses, public roads or other
places which the competent authority may
determine as public grounds to bring within this
restriction.
4 (14)
Precautionary
measures
inherently covered under mining
plan
Within the mine lease area, the
prohibited area/no mining zone have
been delineated in approved mine
plan. The project proponent shall
ensure that such areas are precluded
from mining activities.
The lease area is revenue waste
land. The Lessee shall only erect
temporary rest shelter, on upper
terraces of river bank which has been
left as offset, for mine workers.
However, the lessee will ensure that
such temporary structure is not
erected in the graveyard/ cremation
ground.
The Lessee/Lessees may erect on the area The Lessee shall only erect
granted to him/them any building , required for temporary rest shelter, on upper
bonafide mining purposes and such building terraces of river bank which has been
left as offset, for mine workers.
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
44
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
shall be the property of the government after However, these structures shall be
expiry of the lease
dismantled at the expiry of the lease
6 (2)
The Lessee/Lessees shall keep throughout the
terms of his /their lease all mines, building,
engines, machinery and other mining plants in
good repair and working order.
The lessee shall ensure proper
maintenance of rest shelters / toilets.
The
mining
and
transport
equipment’s shall be procured on hire
/ rental basis and the onus of their
regular maintenance lies with the
owners. However the lessee will
ensure that only useful and well
maintained equipments are used in
mining activities.
6 (8)
The lessee / lessees shall keep open and in no The approved mine plan has been
way obstruct any road path or way by any prepared considering that no mining
means whatsoever.
operations is carried out within the
distance of 45m from any public road.
6 (11)
The lessee / lessees shall not cultivate or use The lease area lies in gair mumkin
the land save for the purposes of the lease.
nadi/nala and its designated use as
per mine plan is only for the purpose
of mining.
6 (13)
The lessee / lessees shall not injure or cause
to deteriorate any sources of water power or
water supply and shall not in any other way
render any spring of streams of water supply
and shall not in any other way render any
spring of stream of water unfit to be used or do
anything to injure adjoining lands, villages or
houses.
The approved mine plan has been
prepared considering that no mining
operations is carried out within the
distance of 45m from any source of
water supply or stream/spring, canal,
reservoir or well.
2.11.
Statutory / Necessary Approvals.
2.11.1.
Consent to Operate under Water Act and Air Act
Under Rule 37T of RMMC 1986 revised upto 2012, the consent to establish has to be obtained
from the RSPCB prior to the start of mining operation. The lessee has to seek permission from
the RSPCB, if not already obtained.
2.11.2.
NOC/Approval From CGWA For Abstraction Of Water
Sojat block does not fall under notified area as per latest list of notified blocks for control and
regulation of ground water. No NOC from the CGWA shall have to be obtained for abstraction
of ground water in terms of CGWA No. 21-4/Guidelines/CGWA/2009-832 dated 14.10.2009,
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
as the water requirement from ground water source does not exceed 25 Kld the limit prescribed
in the notification dated 14.10.2009 in case of overexploited block like Sojat.
2.11.3.
Restriction – Aravali Range Under Notification S.O. 319 (E) Dated 7-05-1992
In so far as for the state of Rajasthan is concerned, the provision under the said notification
were originally attracted in case of district Alwar only. As the proposed mining is contemplated
in Tehsil Sojat in non-forested area, which is other than the area notified under notification, the
restrictions do not apply. A certificate issued by the competent authority in the state
government, to the effect that the project area (ML Area) does not fall in the Aravali range and
is not covered by the order dated 8.04.2005 of the Hon’ble Apex Court in the contempt petition
(C) 412/2004 in writ petition 202/1995 in the matter of Godavarman v/s UoI, is enclosed as
Annexure - IV.
2.11.4.
Critically Polluted Industrial Cluster / Area Identified by CPCB
The MoEF vide O.M. No. J-11013/5/2010-IA.II (I) dated 13.1.2010 had imposed upto August
2010, a temporary moratorium in respect of 43 Critically Polluted Areas / Industrial Clusters
identified by CPCB on the basis of Critically Environmental Pollution Index (CEPI). The
identified critically polluted area inter-alia included existing industrial area Mandia Road,
Puniyata Road, Sumperpur and Pali town in district Pali (S.No. 31, CEPI 73.73). The MoEF
lifted the moratorium on consideration of projects for EC in respect of 26 industrial clusters /
area vide O.M.s of even no. dated 26th October , 2010, 15th February, 2011, 31st March
2011, 23rd May 2011 and 5tyh July 2011. In the remaining 17 identified industrial clusters, the
moratorium was extended upto 31st March, 2012 and thereafter it was extended till further
orders vide OM of even no. dated 30.03.2012. The CPCB during February – April 2013 reassessed the CEPI scores in respect of all 43 CPAs and inferred that the CEPI values were
either still above 80 or above 70 along with increasing trend. The MoEF vide O.M. No. J11013/5/2010-IA.II (I) dated 17.9.2013 had re-imposed moratorium in respect of 8 areas viz.,
Ghaziabad (U.P.), Indore (M.P.), Jharsuguda (Orissa), Ludhiana (Punjab), Panipat (Haryana),
Patancheru-Bollaram (A.P.), Singraulli (U.P. and M.P.) and Vapi (Gujarat). Therefore,
technically at present there is no moratorium on consideration of projects for EC in respect of
industrial cluster/area identified in 2010 in district Pali, Rajasthan. The mining plans for tehsil
Sojat has been approved by the Department of Geology and Mines Rajasthan. Therefore no
clearance certificate from the SPCB is warranted.
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
CHAPTER 3.
3.1.
: Description of the Environment
Introduction
For the description of baseline environmental scenario, the proposed mine lease area has
been considered as the core zone. The project has vast linear length along river(s) as
compared to the width of mining and it extends over several rivers separated by
kilometers. The project is thus necessarily a linear project extending over different rivers
in concerned Tehsil. Thus to arrive at a more reasonable study, the buffer area that falls
within 2 km radius from the extremities of the proposed mine lease area in each river has
been adopted for determination of baseline status.
The existing environmental setting is considered to assess and define the present baseline
environment, which are described with respect to climate, hydro-geological aspects,
atmospheric conditions, water quality, soil quality and ecology. It would help in assessing
the cumulative environmental impacts due to the proposed project.
As per prescribed ToR, collection of one season (Non-Monsoon) primary baseline data on
environmental parameters i.e. Ambient Air Quality (PM10, SO2 and NOx), water quality,
Noise level, Soil, flora and fauna and site specific meteorological data has to be done.
This report incorporates the baseline data generated through primary surveys during
October 2013 to December 2013 covering one season i.e. post monsoon to which the
committee agreed and allowed in the prescribed ToR. The study area, covered under SoI
Toposheets 45 G/5, 45G/9, 45G/13, 45 F/8, 45 F/12, and 45 F/16 on 1:50000 scale, is
shown in Figure 3.1. The satellite image of the study area is shown in Figure 3.2 and the
pictorial view of one of the mining site on river is shown in Figure 3.3.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Figure 3.1 : Project Location Map on Toposheets
Figure 3.2 : Satellite view of the Project Site
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Sukri River near Ramasanibala
Lilri River near Dhaneri
Figure 3.3 : Pictorial View of Sukri River near Ramasanibala and Lilri near Dhaneri
3.1.2.
Methodology
Standard methodologies have been followed in developing the base line report. The
methodology adopted for the study is outlined below:
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan

Conducting reconnaissance surveys for understanding the study area; and

Selecting sampling locations for conducting various environment baseline studies.
The sampling locations have been selected on the basis of the following:

Predominant wind directions recorded by the Indian Meteorological Department
(IMD) observatory nearest to the site.

Existing topography;

Drainage pattern and location of existing surface water bodies like lakes/ponds,
rivers and streams;

Locations of villages / towns / sensitive areas; and

Areas, which represent baseline conditions.
The field observations have been used to:

Assess the positive and negative impacts due to the proposed project;

Suggest appropriate mitigation measures for remediating the adverse environmental
impacts, if any; and

Suggesting post-project monitoring requirements and suitable mechanism for it.
3.2.
Physiography, Topography and Drainage
3.2.1.
Physiography
The proposed mine lease area falls under Tehsil Sojat, District Pali of Rajasthan. Physiographically the area is one of the four major divisions of Great Plain of Northern India and
constitutes its western extremity covering east and west Rajasthan. The area lies to the
west of Aravallies and is known as western sandy plain characterized by arid landscape,
barren hills, level rocky structural plains, rock cut pediments, gravel pavements, shallow
colluvium plains and other sandy plains with thick Alluvium underneath. The district having
arid climate is drained by ephemeral rivers like Lilri, Bandi, Sukri, Jawai, Khari and Rediya
which flow from east to west and south to west from the western aspect of Aravalli range.
All these rivers are left bank tributaries of the Luni River which is the only biggest system
in this region.
The district with spatial extent of 12387 sq.km which is 3.62% of the area of the state, has
geographic location as Latitude 24.750 to 26.4830 North and Longitude 72.7830 to 74.300
East. It shares its border with Nagaur and Jodhpur districts in the North, Udaipur and
Rajsamand in south – east, Ajmer in North – East, Sirohi and Jalore district in south-west
and west respectively. The administrative map of the district is shown in Figure 3.4.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
The boundary of mine lease area in Tehsil Sojat has Pali on its south and Rohat Tehsil on
its West, Tehsil Marwar Junction on its south, Jaitaran and Raipur Tehsil on East and
Jodhpur district on its North respectively. The physiographic map of Rajasthan is shown
in Figure 3.5.
Kekindara
Falka
Digarna
Nimbol
Kanwaliya
Kallan
Lambiya
Apkalu-I
Apkalu
Chak-II
Baloonda
Kanecha
Ranawatan
Banja Kuri
Ramawas'
Lototi Kalan
Bhoombaliya
Rabariyawas
Peepaliya Khurd
Banja Kuri Ghorawar
N
Kurki
Kekindara
Sewariya
Ras
Balara
Jaitaran
Birol
Peepaliya
Khurd
Toonkara
Boontiwas
Asarfai
Sumel
Babra
Jitarah Municipality
Sangawas
Deoriya
Patwa
Sangawas
Sanwalta
Kalan
Lalki
Atpara
Charwas
Roondiya
Shivpura
Mandla
Khamal
Bhakariwala
Sojat
Khutani
Chotila
Bagri
Dhabar
Dheenawas
Malpuriya
Malpuriya
Karlan
Kallan
Bhangesar
Rohat
Beethoo
Mandawas
Gelawas
Surdyata
Neembli
Uri
Kharda
Jadan
N.P. Pali 9
Garwara
Beenja
Beenja
Sinla
Baniyawas
Panchpadariya
Khardi
Roopawas
Beenja
Chenda
Khundawas
Vayad
Davalpura
Mandali
Denda
Denda
Kherwa
Kherwa
Bala
Bithora
Kalan
Hingola
Khurd
Soni Manji
Bader Ka Was
Manihari
Deeri
Hemawas
N.P.Pali 5
Pali
Diwandi
Dhamli
Gundoj - I &li
Koorna
Sakdara
Busl
Keerwa
Panchetiya
Itdara Mertiyan
Dhola
Chanchori
Gogra
Jawali
Koselao
Beerami
Balana
Sumarpur
Dhani
Sindroo
Bharoonda
Pomawa
Netra
Korta
Palri
Bansor
Magar Talab
Mandpur
Bagol
Sumer
Narlai
Desuri
Ana
Desuri
Panchalwara
Sindarli
Mada
Bheetwara Markha
Mada
Dudapura
Dudapura
Ghanerao
Kothaliyan Mundara
Bali (M)
Koliwara
Markha
Sumarpur(M)
Perwa
Boya
Beesalpur
Bamnera
Panota
Desuri
Dhalop
Parothija
Beral
Kerli
Daylan
Kalan
Kesuli
Barod
Khudala(N.P.)
Bankali
Gajnipura
Neepal
Panchalwara
Khiwandi
Malsa
Seeriyari
Baori
Gura
RanawasSoorsingh
Marwar Guru Soot Singh Phulad
Kotri
Kheemel
I & Ji
Dujana
Bamnera
Jeewand
kalan Neepal
Nadol
Beejowa
Balupura
Kantaliya-ii
Kot Solankiyan
Salriya Kishanpura
Itdara Charnan
Deotara
Kantaliya-i
Shekhawas
Siwas
Ghenri
Sanwalta
Rani
Rani Municipality (Khurd)
Rani Kalan Makhanpura Dadai
Kheemara
Takhbgarh
Nowi
Dhariva Deoli
Basant
Dhana
Gogra
Nadana Jodhan
Mandal
Pawa
Peelowani
Nadana
Bhatan
Metalled Road
Urban Area with Ward Boundary
Khiwara
Indarwara
Balrai
Lapod
Wandar
Bhadarlau
Anoppura
Major District Road
Railway Line
Gura Ramsingh
Banta
Sedariya
Khor
Kot Kirana
Januda Guru Keshar Singh Chaukariya
Chaukariya
Deoli
Isali
Bansor
Bhagora
Deoli
Anji Ki Dhani
Basni Jojawar
Jojawar
Dhanla Anji Ki Dhani
Bhimaliya
Itandra
Tewali
Gura Endla-II
Gura
Endla-I
Chanod
Gadana
Ranawas
Auwa
Karadi
Sodawas
Dingai
Block/Punchayat Samti Boundary
National Highway
VopariVopari
Borimada
Nimli
Saran
HemliyawasChirpatiya
Manda
Khurd
Barsa
Lambiya
Bhawri
Umkali
Akeli
Akeli
Rana
Beenja
Manda
Dudor
Chawadiya
Giradra
LEGEND
Kalaliya
Bagri
State Highway
Sehwaj
Guda Ramsingh
Hariyamali
Bhasisana Dhundhala
Guda Kalan
Musaliya
Khariya Soda
Guda Ramsingh
Sawrad Bornari
Sanpa
Sendra
Kanuja
Pachanpura
Khoriya
Kelwad
Siyat
Rendari
Dhakri
Deepawas
Amarpura
Sabalpura
Chandawal
Station
Guda
Beejai
Khokhara
Sojat(M)
Khamal
Dholeriya Jagri
Karmawas
Basna
Jhoontha
Pipliya
Kalan
Sandiya
Bilawas
Khandi
Chandawal
Hingawas
Jheetra
Kala Ki Chouki
Mohra Kalan
Rupawas
Khariya Neev
Sardar
Samand
Kalali
Rohat
Singari
Raipur
Roondiya
Naya
Gaon
Dhurasani
Chang
Birantiya
Khurd
Bar
Leelamba
Kushalpura
Rampura Kalan
Deoli Kalan
Nimbera Kalan
Meo
Reprawas
Chopra
Lanera
Sanwalta Kalan
Hajiwas
Nimaj-ii
Birantiya
Kalan
Chawandiya
Ratdiya
Nanana Relra
Mohrai
Nimaj-i
Rajola Kalan
Pratapgarh
Giri
Phoolmal
Sesli
Sena
Sari (M)
Mandigarh
Shivtalao
Latara
Sewari Barwa
Lunawa
Bakwana
Bakwana
Ranakpur
Padarla
BaliBeejapur
Doodhni
Bhatoono
Kothar
Bera
Kumtiya
Malnoo
Goriya
Bhandar
Chamunderi
Kakradi
Kooran
Koyalvao
Malnoo
Malnoo
BohatNana
Amliya
Bheemana
Figure 3.4 : Administrative Map of District Pali
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Figure 3.5 : Physiographic Map of Rajasthan
3.2.2.
Topography
The district has different landforms. Mountainous topography is presented in the form of
Aravalli Range, having altitude varying from 600 mamsl to 1000 mamsl, towering on the
east and south – east direction of the district and dividing the state into east and west. The
undulating and rolling topography is witnessed in the landmass below the hill extending
upto plain topography where the ground elevation varies from 170 to 350 mamsl. The
general ground slope follows the direction of the drainage and is from east to west as well
as from south to west. Isolated hillocks of elevation between 300 to 460 mamsl at many
places suddenly break the more or less plain topography.
The study area covered within Sojat Tehsil has more or less plain topography with ground
elevation varying from 210 mamsl to 490 mamsl near Khariya village. Aravali Range runs
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
in south east trend forming boundary between Ajmer and district Pali. Hillocks in Isolation
as well as in continuous chain near Halarmar. The study area has numerous shallow
depressions which have been converted as tanks and reservoirs by creating suitable civil
engineering structures like embankment and sluices. The general ground slope of the area
is 0.75 m/km in south – north direction and 2.07 m / km in east – west direction.
3.2.3.
Drainage
From the western aspect of the Aravalli range in this semi-arid zone numerous rivers
emanate. The prominent rivers are Guhiya, Radiya, Sukri, Bandi (Hemawas), Somesar,
Mithari, Khari (Hemawas) and Jawai. All these rivers are ephemeral rivers and flow during
monsoon and are part of Luni basin. Nearly half of the Luni basin is occupied by rugged
mountains where soils are shallow. Annual rainfall over the Luni basin varies between 300
mm to 600 mm and the mean annual rainfall is 320 mm of which about 97% falls during
four monsoon months. The average rainy days in a year around fourteen. The average
annual pan evaporation of the district is 2640 mm which is eight folds of the mean rainfall
making it an arid region. The general drainage pattern in the district is dendritic. Most of
the rivers are influent. The description of rivers flowing through Pali district in Luni
Catchment is presented in Table 3.1.
Table 3.1 : Description of Rivers Flowing through Pali District in Luni Catchment
S.
Name
No.
of
Origin
Lengt
Catchment Geographic
h (km)
Area
River
1
Luni
Tributaries
Location of Basin
(sq.km)
Western Slope of
495 (in
Aravalli
Rajast
Range
near Ajmer (EL.
37363
230 41’ to 270 05’ N Left
Bank
tributaries
:
710 04’ to 740 42’ E Sukri, Mitri, Bandi, Khari,
han)
Jawai, and Guhiya
550 mamsl)
2
Guhiya
Hillocks
near
3835
240 45’ to 260 14’ N Radia, Guria Lilri, Sukri and
720 58’ to 740 14’ E Phunpharia Bala
villages
Khariyaniv
and
Tharasani in Pali
district
3
Bandi
Confluence
of
(Hema
Khari and Mithari
was)
near
45
1685
250 15’ to 250 55’ N Khari and Mithari
720 56’ to 730 57’ E
Bombadra
Pickup weir
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
4
Mithari
South
Western
80
1644
250 00’ to 250 30’ N Many local Nalas
720 52’ to 730 29’ E
Slopes of Aravalli
range in District
Pali
5
Khari
Formed
by
(Hema
confluence
was)
Somesar
the
55
1232
250 18’ to 250 46’ N Somesar
and
Khari
730 20’ to 730 50’ E Kherwa
of
and
Khari Kherwa
6
Sukri
Confluence
several
Orignating
of
110
3036
250 00’ to 250 53’ N Ghanerav, Muthana, Ka
720 36’ to 730 42’ E Bala, Magai Nadi
nalas.
from
Aravalli in Pali and
Udaipur
7
Jawai
Western Slopes of
96
2976
Aravallis
240 43’ to 250 34’ N Sukari
720 31’ to 730 24’ E
The study area (Tehsil Sojat) is mainly drained by Sukri, Lilri, Guhiya and Rediya River.
All these rivers flow during monsoon only and their water is conserved through existing
sluices, bunds and tanks. Many minor irrigation/drinking water ponds/tanks/reservoir also
exists on many small streams / nalla / bala.
3.2.3.2
Rivers in study area
The tehsil is drained by different river(s) like Sukri, Lilri, Guhiya and Rediya river which cover a
longitudinal profile of 91 km, 45.5 km, 40 km and 28 km respectively in the Tehsil. Sardarsamand
dam is the main water resource project in Tehsil (storage capacity 88.17 MCM), which has been
formed at the tail end of Sukri and Guhiya river, provides irrigation and drinking water facilities in
the area. The drainage map of the study area which forms part of main drainage basin of Luni
Rivers is shown in Figure 3.6 alongwith the Basin map.
3.2.3.3
Drainage Basin
The rivers in Pali district are left bank tributaries of Luni river in Rajasthan. For delineation of the
drainage basin, the Watershed Atlas of India has been used as it provides uniform base for
watershed characterization in five stages viz., Water Resource Region, Basin, Catchment, SubCatchment and Watershed. The study area falls in Water Resource Region 6 i.e. Western
Rajasthan mostly ephemeral drainage. The distribution of Catchment, Sub-Catchment and
Watershed within Basin of the Water Resource Region in context of the rivers flowing through the
district has been presented in Table 3.2 and highlighted in Figure 3.6 which is the delineated map
of Western Rajasthan ephemeral drainage covering mainly Luni system.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Table 3.2 : Details of Catchment, Sub-Catchment and Watershed
Region
Basin
Catchment
6 (Western
Rajasthan)
6A (Luni
& Others
drainage)
6A2
(Mainly
Luni)
SubCatchment
6A2C (Middle
Luni around
Pali)
6A2B (Lower
Luni upto
confluence
with smaller
Sukri)
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
Watershed
Stream
Names
Bandi –
Chhaili
Area
(sq.km)
1600
6A2C2
Sukri –
Ungti
1700
6A2C3
1500
6A2C4
Bandi –
Somesar
Kharwa
6A2C5
Rediya
1100
6A2C6
1200
6A2C7
Guhiya –
Sukri
Bagri
6A2B7
Mithri
680
6A2C1
1340
1150
District
Covered
Pali,
Barmer
and Jalore
Pali, Jalore
and
Udaipur
Pali and
Udaipur
Pali and
Udaipur
Pali and
Jodhpur
Pali and
Jodhpur
Pali and
Udaipur
Pali and
Udaipur
55
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Figure 3.6 : Catchment Area Map of Luni Basin in Rajasthan and Drainage Map of Study
Area
3.2.3.4
Gradient of Riverbed
The rivers draining through the district mostly originate from the western aspect of Aravali range in
the district itself and also from neighboring district Udaipur and flow through different tehsils. Since
the mining lease area has been fixed along the rivers and small streams (Bala) in particular tehsil
of the district, the information / data regarding the length of the river in the district and the fall (head
loss) negotiated by it within the tehsil has been provided in Table 3.3 to arrive at the net riverbed
slope of the rivers. The longitudinal sections of the rivers for the length traverse by them in tehsil
has been depicted in Figure 2.3 through 2.6.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Table 3.3 : Computation of River Bed Slope
S.
Name of River
No.
Length
River bed elevation (mamsl)
2
3
4
Sukri
Lilri
Guhiya
Rediya
Average
traversed by
At the start
At the exit
(head loss) in
bed
the river in
point in tehsil
point in
river bed with
slope (m
tehsil
in tehsil (m)
/ km)
Tehsil (km)
1
Total fall
0-15
380
340
40
2.67
15-19
340
320
20
5.0
19-91
320
228
92
1.28
0-1
375
360
15
15
1-3
360
340
20
10
3-45.5
340
270
70
1.65
0-6
280
260
20
3.33
6-10
260
249
11
2.75
10-40
249
222
27
0.9
28
235
210
25
0.9
It is evident from the Table 3.3 that in the head and initial reaches the average bed slope
of the river Sukri, Lilri and Guhiya ranges between 2.67 m/km to 15 m / km where as
between middle end reaches of the rivers It varies between 0.9 m / km (Guhiya) to 1.65
m/km (Phunpheriya). The river bed slope near 1m/km in the alluvial stratum of the riverbed
is moderate to generate velocities of about 2m /sec to 3m/sec during the high stage of the
river caused by flash flood.
Coarser particles of riverine bed material such as bajri and coarse sand are eroded at
such velocities (3m/sec), which is called the line of critical velocity. When the velocity fall
below the critical velocity particles will be deposited or transported instead of being eroded
depending upon the rivers energy. As the velocity of flow of river further decrease, again
particles are not deposited but are transported d/s. Coarser particles are deposited quickly
with the decrease in velocity and after that as the size or the particles decreases the
longer, it is transported. Particles of size 1mm are deposited even at 0.1m / sec velocity.
Sand is relatively easily eroded and moves at velocities 0.2 m / sec, as these do not
coagulate. Clays and final silt stay afloat even when the velocity is near to zero.
3.2.4.
Competency of river:
Competency of a river is a measure of the maximum size of the river borne material a river
is capable of transporting and it is directly dependent upon the velocity of flow of the river.
The competence of a river increases as square of its velocity. The maximum load of solid
particles a river can transport is termed as its capacity. The greater the discharge in the
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Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
river, the greater shall be the capacity for hauling the sediments. The higher velocities are
developed when the rivers are in high stage. Even the slope of the order of 1m/km are
capable of generating such velocities which are capable of eroding the bed material and
its transportation. In the present case on an average the competency of rivers/stream in
the mine lease area varies between 5 mm to less than 0.002 mm (clay)
3.2.5.
Land Use/ Land Cover
The Tehsil wise landuse and land cover of the district as per revenue record is shown in
Table 3.4. The pre-dominant landuse in the district is agriculture land 607511 ha (49.27%),
followed by fallow land 204610 ha (16.59%), barren and unculturable land 143918
(11.67%), Permanent Pasture 90862 ha (7.37%), Forest land 82010 ha (6.65%), Land
under non-agricultural use 58281 ha (4.73%) and culturable waste land 45804 ha (3.71%).
The pre-dominant landuse in the Tehsil is agriculture land ha 91667 (55%), followed by
fallow land 28533 ha (17%), Permanent Pasture 11692 ha (7%), barren and unculturable
land ha 16991 (10%), culturable waste land 5554 ha (3%), Land under non-agricultural
use 8386 ha (5%) and Forest Land 4932 ha (3%) and the pie diagram of landuse of the
Pali District and Tehsil Marwar Junctionis given in Figure 3.7 and Figure 3.8 respectively.
Table 3.4 : Tehsil wise landuse and land cover of the district
Tehsil
1
Forest
2
Land
under NonAgriculture
Use
3
Pali
3369
8657
11461
12484
Rohat
198
5957
7946
9828
Bali
27814
5821
28802
11873
Sumerpur
556
5050
10422
5914
Barren &
unculturable
land
4
Permanent
Pasture
5
Land under
Miscellaneous
trees and
grooves
6
Culturable
waste
land
7
Total
fallow
land
8
Actual
sown
area
9
Total
Geographical
area
10
6
9329
35847
86868
168021
6894
16872
93080
140775
4091
21405
44145
143980
3862
19175
50994
95973
29
Desuri
18895
7745
12214
10100
1
3014
19976
58481
130426
Marwar
junction
14281
5050
8729
11439
53
7464
28213
65098
140307
Sojat
4932
8386
16991
11692
5554
28533
91667
167775
Jetaran
2282
6720
14759
10769
8
4557
22248
76277
137620
Raipur
9683
4895
32594
6763
6
1039
12341
40901
108222
Total
82010
58281
143918
90862
103
45804
204610
607511
1233099
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Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Forest
82010, 6.65%
58281, 4.73%
143918, 11.67%
607511, 49.27%
90862, 7.37%
45804, 3.71%
204610, 16.59%
Land under Non-Agriculture
Use
Barren & unculturable land
Permanent Paustre
Land under Miscellaneous
trees and grooves
Culturable waste land
Total fallow land
Actual sown area
Figure 3.7 : Graphical Presentation of Landuse of District Pali
Forest
4932, 3%
8386, 5%
16991, 10%
91667, 55%
11692, 7%
5554, 3%
28533, 17%
Land under Non-Agriculture
Use
Barren & unculturable land
Permanent Paustre
Land under Miscellaneous
trees and grooves
Culturable waste land
Total fallow land
Figure 3.8 : Graphical Presentation of Landuse of Tehsil Sojat
3.2.5.2
Land Use/ Land Cover of Mine Lease Area
The composite landuse map of study area comprising 10 km zone around mine lease and
lease periphery has been prepared. Treating the project as the linear one the mine lease
area which is spatially extended longitudinally into different rivers flowing in Tehsil, the
landuse on 2 km on either side of the rivers as well as the composite landuse map is
shown in Figure 3.9 and the aerial extents are given in Table 3.5. The pre-dominant
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Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
landuse pertains to the agricultural land followed by agriculture fallow land and open scrub
land and settlement.
Landuse Map of Study Area Comprising 10
km Zone Around Mine Lease Area Periphery
Landuse Map of Study Area Comprising 2 km Zone on Either Side of
River
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Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Landuse Map of Study Area Comprising 2 km Zone on Either Side of
River
Landuse Map of Study Area Comprising 2 km Zone
on Either Side of River
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Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Landuse Map of Study Area Comprising 2 km Zone on Either Side of River
Figure 3.9 : Landuse Map of 10km Study Area and 2km on either side of rivers of ML area
in Tehsil Sojat
Table 3.5 : Details of Landuse Class 2km/10km on either side of rivers of ML area
10 km Zone
around the mine
lease area
2 km Zone around the mine lease area
Landuse Class
Sukri - Lilri
Area(sq
km)
Guhiya
Area(sq
km)
Rediya
Area(sq
km)
Total
Area (sq
km)
%
Agricultural land
265.34
33.64
18.15
317.13
46.53
Agri fallow land
140.43
46.25
29.21
215.89
31.67
Open scrub land
82.87
6.00
3.41
92.28
13.54
Settlement
8.95
2.04
0.51
11.50
1.69
Water body
0.56
0.12
0.05
0.73
0.11
Dry river bed
20.63
2.94
3.49
27.06
3.97
Vegetation
16.36
0.20
0.44
17.00
2.49
Total
535.14
91.19
55.26
681.59
100.00
3.2.5.3
Total
Area
(sq km)
1449.07
%
56.49
438.71
17.10
501.73
19.56
32
1.25
7.25
0.28
42.5
1.66
93.75
3.65
2565.01
100
Land Use/ Land Cover
The mine lease area is in river bed and forms section of the river. The mine lease area is
river body classified as Gair mumkin nadi/nalla as per revenue record. The designated
mine area is revenue land so the ownership vests with the state of Rajasthan. The existing
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
land use of mine lease area belongs to landuse category “River body” and shall continue
to be so even after the current mining project is over. The landuse pattern existing as on
date and after 3rd and 5th year of mining have been shown in Table 3.6.
Table 3.6 : Land Use Details
S.N.
Particulars
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Pit area
Dump area
Safety
Bridge
zone
Permanent Roads
Wells
Infrastructure (office, temp,
shelter etc)
Mineral Storage
Plantation
Un worked
Total
Present land
use (ha)
0.0
0.0
198.00
364.5
63.5
-
At the end of 3rd
year (ha)
100
198
364.5
63.5
0.80
At the end of 5th
year (ha)
166.67
198.00
364.50
63.5
-
3690.00
4316.00
3589.2
4316.00
3523.33
4316.00
3.3.
Geology and Hydrogeology
3.3.1.
Geology
Geological configuration of Pali district is quite complex. It is comprised of heterogeneous
assemblage of different litho units of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic origin. The
oldest & prominent rock exposed along district belongs to Delhi supergroup comprising
southern, eastern and north eastern margine of the metamorphosed ferruginous and
massive clastics. With subordinate chemogenic sediments and associated intrusive and
extrusive phases. Rocks of this Super group have been further classified in Kumbhalgarh,
Sirohi & Punagarh Groups. The Delhi's are succeeded by a sequence of unmetamorphosed sedimentary rocks comprised of sandstone, limestone, siltstone, gypsum
beds, This Super group is further divided into Jodhpur Group, Bilara Group & Nagaur
Group. The Delhi's are intruded by granites and rhyolite. The predominant is the Erinpura
Granite. The geological Sequence Worked out by G.S.I. is given in Table 3.7. The regional
geological map of Rajasthan is shown in Figure 3.10.
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Table 3.7 : Geological Sequence
Super group/Age
Group
Quarternary
Lithology
Erinpura Granite
Alluvium & windblown sand
Sandstone, gypsum & siltstone
Limestone, chert & dolomite
Sandstone, shale, boulders,
chert.
Granite (Jolor type)
Rhyolite & pyroclastics with
dykes of granophyre
Granite and gneiss
Punagarh Group
Basic volcanic with pillow
Marwar Supergroup
Nagaur Group
Bilara Group
Jodhpur Group
Middle to U. Proterozoic
Malani Igneous Suite
Lava, meta tuff, quartzite,
shale, slate phyllite, bedded
chert
Delhi Supergroup
Sirohi Group
Lower to Middle Proterozoic
Phyllite, mica schist, biotite
schist, dolomitic marble,
migmatite & gneisses
epidiorite, Hornablende
Sendra-Ambaji Granite
Granite and gneiss
Phulad Ophiolite Suite
Hornblends schist, amphibolite,
pyroxene granulite, gabbro &
ultramafics.
Kumbhalgarh Group
Calc schist, marble, granite
Schist/amphibolite, biotite
schist, quartzite, mica schist
and migmatite
The geological formations in the study area covering Tehsil Sojat mainly consist of
Alluvium & Blown Sand and Eranpura Granite / Ultra Basic.
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Figure 3.10 : Regional geology map of Rajasthan
3.3.2.
Hydrogeology
The main hydrogeological formation encountered in the district are Quaternary Alluvium
(Younger and Older), Bilara limestone (Marwar Supergroup), Jodhpur Sandstone (Marwar
Supergroup), Malani Suite of Ignious rocks (Post Delhi and Delhi Super group),
Calcareous Schist, Slate, Phylite, and Granite Gneiss (Aravali Super group). The
hydrogeology map of the area is given in Figure 3.11

Younger Alluvium: It mainly comprises of stream laid deposits of sand, gravel, silt,
clay, pebbles and cobbles with varying thickness upto 50m but in the north east part
the thickness increases to about 100 m. These occur along drainage and flood plains
of Luni, Sukri, Lilri, Bandi and Jawai. Groundwater follows the surface drainage
pattern. Hydraulic gradient is gentle in north eastern and central area (1.3 m / km) and
more steep towards south indicating low permeability aquifer in the southern area
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Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan

Older Alluvium: It mainly comprises of semi-consolidated to consolidated sediment of
sand (medium to course graind), silt, clay and kankar/gravel (sub-angular to subrounded). Alluvium thickness varies considerably due to undulating bed rock
topography. It covers Jaitaran, Pali, Rohat block and part of Sojat and Sumerpur
Blocks. In Jataran and Sumerpur block alluvial aquifer covers extensive area.

Bilara Limestone: It is of dark grey colour, hard and compact dolomitic limestone. It
encompasses Sojat and Jaitaran block and covers nearly 2% area in the potential
zone.

Malani Suite of Ignious rocks (Post Delhi and Delhi Super group)

Calcareous Schist, Slate, Phylite, and Granite Gneiss (Aravali Super group) : Aravalli
Super Group comprises dark brown, grey and purple slates with thin bands of
quartzite, phyllite and schist. Pre Aravallies include gneisses and schists. It covers
extensive area in central part though in north and south western occupy smaller area.
The district has geo-hydrological formations, viz., unconsolidated, semi consolidated fully
consolidated, with varying groundwater potential. The unconsolidated formations include,
recent alluvium, brown sand, clay, silt and gravel, pebble, calcareous concretion, which
are fairly thick and regionally extensive, confined to semi-confined aquifers ; and older
alluvium, laterite, silt, sand , ferruginous concretion and cobbles, confined to semi confined
aquifers to a depth of 39-300 metre below the ground. They are porous formations. The
aquifer potential varies widely between (40-100 litres per second) for the very good ones,
to 10-40 litres per second for moderately good ones to less than 10 lps for low potential
ones. The semi-consolidated formations include: clay-stone, sandstone, grit, silt stone,
conglomerate, and limestone. They also form porous aquifers, and have groundwater
potential varying from less than 10 lps to 100 lps.
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Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Figure 3.11 : Hydrogeological Map of Pali district
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3.3.3.
Seismicity
As per seismic zoning map of India IS 1893 (Part-I):2002, Figure 3.12, the major part of
Rajasthan lies in Zone – II and Western parts of the districts of Barmer and Sirohi as well
as northern sections of Alwar district lie in Zone IV, where the maximum intensity could
reach VIII (MSK). The remaining areas of Barmer and Sirohi districts, as well as the
districts of Bikaner, Jaiselmer and Sirohi lie in Zone III. The north-eastern districts of
Jhunjhunu, Sikar, Bharatpur and the rest of Alwar also lie in Zone III. The rest of the state,
including the capital, Jaipur, lie in Zone II, where the maximum intensity expected would
be around MSK VI, as is evident from the Seismic Zone Map of Rajasthan (Figure 3.13)
that some portion of district Barmer, Jalore, Alwar and Bharatpur lie under Zone – IV. The
project area falling in Tonk District lies within Zone - II.
Figure 3.12 : Map of Seismic Zones of India
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Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Project Site
Figure 3.13 : Map of Seismic Zones of Rajasthan
Small to moderate earthquake have visited the state of Rajasthan which has not felt any
major earthquake in past as well as recent years. The Cambay Graben (3) terminates in
the south-western part of the state. The Konoi Fault near Jaiselmer trends in a north-south
direction and was associated with the 1991 Jaiselmer earthquake. Several active faults
criss-cross the Aravalli range and lie parallel to each other. The most prominent of them
is the north-south trending Sardar Shahr Fault and the Great Boundary Fault which runs
along the Chambal River and then continues in the same direction into Uttar Pradesh.
Largest Instrumented Earthquake event in Rajasthan was felt at 22:11 on 15 August 1906
– (Thar Desert, Rajasthan) with movement magnitude i.e. Mw 6.2. This event was located
along the India-Pakistan border, in the vicinity of Janpalia, Rajasthan which is located
north-northwest of Bakhasar. It was felt widely along the Indo-Pakistan border, Sindh, and
Gujarat. It was also felt for several seconds in Rajputana, Jodhpur, Ahmedabad and
around the Gulf of Khambat and at Mirpur in Pakistan.
Important recent earthquake events of magnitude more than 3.3 on Richter scale are
enumerated in Table 3.8.
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Table 3.8 : Earthquake Events of Magnitude more than 3.3 (Richter Scale)
DATE
TIME
08-11-1991
27-02-1996
02-05-2002
19-02-2003
10-08-2003
29-11-2006
24-12-2006
07-07-2008
09-04-2009
07-04-2010
09-11-2010
15-08-2010
20-12-2012
15:13
09:04
14:29
08:10
16:47
05:41
04:13
17:29
07:16
12:36
04:16
22:42
13:00
LAT.
(deg.
N)
26.38
26.816
27.696
25.3
27.216
27.348
26.881
25.8
27.13
27.8
25.23
26.4
26.726
3.3.4.
Ground Water Scenario
3.3.4.1
Water Level Trend
LONG. Depth Magnitude Region
(deg.E) (km)
70.66
5.4 Bersi-Tagrawa, Jaisalmer
72.010
33
3.5 Phalodi
75.810
33
4.1 Neem Ka Thana, Sikar
72.662
10
4.0 Jalore Region
75.739
10
4.5 Chomu, Jaipur Region
76.850
10
4.0 Govindgarh, Alwar Region
76.154
10
4.2 Bassi, Jhunjhunu Region
74.200
10
3.6 Bhilwara/Pali Region
70.769
43.3
5.1 Jaisalmer
76.700
22
3.3 Alwar Region
73.649
10
4.6 Sadri, Ajmer Region
74.300
10
4.0 Ajmer Region
76.303
10
4.0 Dausa
The normal annual rainfall of the district is 478 mm. However during 2003 to 2013 the
normal annual rainfall has exceeded only on three occasions i.e. 711 mm in 2006, 521
mm in 2011 and 618 mm in 2013. In the district about 129941 ha area is being irrigated
through groundwater resource i.e. wells and tube wells, besides 34810 ha through
canals/tanks. Due to continual and wanton use of ground water resource for irrigation and
other uses, there has been decline in the ground water table in seven blocks of the district
(Table 3.9). The average decline of ground water in the district works out to 1.46 m during
the assessment period 2001 – 2012 (Pre-Monsoon Period).
Table 3.9 : Ground Water Trend
S. No.
Block
Depletion in Water Levels (m)
1
Bali
2.82
2
Desuri
3.04
3
Jaitran
(-) 5.59
4
Marwar Junction
(-) 2.64
5
Pali
0.55
6
Raipur
(-) 3.00
7
Rani
(-) 0.31
8
Rohat
(-) 0.14
9
Sojat
(-) 3.90
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10
3.3.4.2
Sumerpur
(-)1.26
District Average
(-) 1.46
Ground Water Development
The ground water budget for the study area has been worked out by computing the annual
ground water recharge due to all sources and the annual ground water draft for all uses.
3.3.4.3
Annual Ground Water Recharge
To evaluate the monsoon ground water replenishing resource, the monsoon rainfall for
the area was adopted from Table 3.11. The area having slope between 0-50 has been
considered and all area above 50 slope has not been considered as in such area the
possibility run-off recharge is low. The infiltration area coefficient of 10% was considered
appropriate to evaluate recharge by infiltration method as below.
Total Study Area
=
167775 ha
Area Suitable for recharge
=
154457 ha
Monsoon Rainfall
=
460 mm
Infiltration Factor
=
10%
Monsoon rainfall recharge
=
7105 ha. m or 71.05 MCM
The ground water recharge due to water table fluctuation has been computed as under
Total Study area
=
167775 ha
Area Suitable for recharge
=
155457 ha
Seasonal Fluctuation
=
0.55 m
Specific yield
=
10 %
Monsoon G.W. Recharge
=
8495 ha. m or 84.95 MCM
Rainfall is the only source for ground water recharge. Only medium to minor surface
irrigation network exist in the area where irrigation is being practiced through small minors
which off takes from medium dam/surface ponds/sluices, during Rabi when the
dams/ponds get filled during monsoon months. The minors are lined and due to
application of small water depth for Rabi crops the recharge from field application is not
applicable. During the non-monsoon season the potential evaporation rate is much higher
than the rainfall, therefore, non-monsoon recharge is not expected. As per norms of GEC1997, the monsoon season recharge by Water Table Fluctuation (WTF) methodology
should be preferred to the estimation by rainfall infiltration method, provided it does not
exceed by 20% of the later. Thus, the annual ground water recharge for the study area
has been adopted as 8495 ha. m (84.95 MCM).
3.3.4.4
Annual Ground Water Draft
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In the study area, on the basis of statistical data the annual draft is being worked out as
below:
A. Drinking / Domestic Demand
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
Total population of study area as on 1.1.2011
Total population of study area as on 1.1.2014
(after incorporating 1.19% annual growth @ 11.9%
decadal growth)
Population utilizing ground water source as drinking
water
Per Capita Consumption
Annual Drinking /Domestic Demand
220854
228740
228740
70 LPD
585 ha.m.(5.85 MCM)
B. Irrigation Demand from Ground Water Resource
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
3.3.4.5
Area Irrigated
Gross Irrigation need/ha
Total demand
C. Industrial Demand
400 ha. m. (4 MCM)
D. Total Ground Water Draft
9463 ha. m.
Ground Water Development
Total Ground Water recharge
Net Ground Water Availability
Annual Ground Water Utilization
Stage of Ground Water Development
3.4.
28260 ha
0.3 m/ha
8478 ha m(84.78 MCM)
8495 ha. m.
8070 ha. m.
9463 ha. m.
117.3 % (Over Exploited)
Meteorology
The meteorological data recorded during the study period is very useful proper
interpretation of the baseline information, surrounding area for air dispersion. Historical
data on meteorological parameters will also play an important role in identifying the
general meteorological regime of the region.
The climate of the district is semi-arid. During peak of summer season in month of May
and June, the temperature shoots upto 460C - 470C. The onset of Monsoon starts from
the last week of June or early July and continues until the middle of September. The winter
starts from December and continues until the end of March. The winters are moderately
cool during December and January when the temperature falls to 40C to 50C. The average
rainfall during monsoon is 300 mm.
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3.4.1.
Methodology
The methodology adopted for monitoring surface observation is as per the standard norms
laid down by Bureau of Indian Standards (IS: 8829) and India Meteorological Department
(IMD). On-site monitoring was undertaken for various meteorological variables in order to
generate the site-specific data. Data was collected every hour continuously from 1st
October 2013 to 31st December 2013 covering one season as per approved ToR.
3.4.1.1
Methodology of Data Generation
The Monitoring Station equipped with continuous monitoring equipment was installed at a
height of 10 m above ground level to record wind speed, direction and temperature. The
meteorological monitoring station was located in such a way that it is free from any
obstructions and as per the guidelines specified under IS:8829. Cloud cover was recorded
by visual observation.
3.4.1.2
Sources of Information
Secondary information on meteorological conditions has been collected from the nearest
IMD station. In the present case the locations of some of the tehsil headquarters of Pali
district vis-à-vis the nearest IMD Jodhpur and Jalore are shown in Table 3.10.
Table 3.10 : Distance of Tehsil Headquarters from Nearest IMD Station
S.
No.
1
2
3
4
5
Project
Location
Tehsil
Rohat
Sojat
Pali
Marwar
Sumerpur
25⁰57'26'' 73⁰08'34''
25⁰55'32'' 73⁰40'00''
25⁰46'37'' 73⁰20'00''
25⁰43'32'' 73⁰36'47''
195
265
224
265
Aerial
Distance from
Nearest IMD
(in Km.)
41
77
63
89
25⁰09'03''
267
52
Elevation
Latitude
Longitude
masl
73⁰05'00''
3.4.2.
Presentation of Data
3.4.2.1
Meteorological Data Recorded at nearest IMD
Nearest IMD
Station
Name
IMD
Jodhpur
IMD
Jalore
Latitude Longitude
26⁰18'
25⁰21'
73⁰01'
72⁰37'
The meteorological data was collected from the IMD Jodhpur located at EL 217 MSL which
has more pronounced effect on the project site. The data collected from IMD includes wind
speed, temperature, relative humidity and rainfall. The monthly maximum, minimum and
average values were collected for all the parameters except wind speed. All these
parameters were recorded twice a day viz. at 08:30 and 17:30 hours. The collected data
is tabulated in Table 3.11.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Table 3.11 : Climatological Data Station: IMD, Jodhpur (1960-1990)
Temperature (OC)
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Mean
3.4.2.2
Relative Humidity
(%)
Mean
Mean
8:30
Max
Min
28.8
5.2
52
32.9
5.2
49
38.9
10.4
41
42.6
17.6
37
44.5
21.6
47
44.0
22.8
60
39.9
22.9
73
37.8
22.6
78
38.6
21.2
69
38.7
15.1
50
34.6
10.0
46
30.1
6.7
51
43.9
5.7
54
Total rainfall / Rainy days
17:30
28
26
21
19
20
33
51
57
44
28
30
30
32
Rainfall (mm)
Monthly
(mm)
1.7
3.8
6.0
8.8
16.6
34.1
126.7
121.1
54.2
6.0
3.1
1.5
383.6
Rainy
Days
0.2
0.5
0.5
0.4
1.1
2.0
5.9
6.2
2.8
0.6
0.2
0.1
20.5
Mean
Wind
Speed
(kmph)
7.1
7.5
8.3
9.9
13.0
15.4
13.2
11.3
8.6
6.0
5.5
6.2
9.3
Cloud Cover
(Oktas of sky)
8:30
17:30
1.8
2.2
2.3
1.8
1.1
3.2
5.8
5.8
3.1
1.0
1.1
1.7
2.6
2.0
2.6
2.8
2.5
1.7
3.1
5.6
5.6
3.5
1.8
1.3
2.0
2.9
Meteorological Data Generated at Site
The meteorological parameters have been recorded on hourly basis during the study
period from October, 2013 to December, 2013 and the parameters recorded at site include
wind speed, wind direction, temperature, relative humidity and rainfall. In view of the fact
that the arial distance of tehsil headquarter Sojat from district headquarter Pali is merely
38 km; and the lease area in tehsil boundary of Sojat is about 15 km from the district
headquarter; the meteorological data recorded at Pali has been adopted. This is logical in
the wake of the fact that the temperature, humidity and wind speed do not differ much if
the topography remains unaltered which is so in the present case as the topography of
the tehsils under question is same.
3.4.3.
Synthesis of Data on Climatic Conditions
3.4.3.1
Analysis of the Data Recorded at IMD-Jodhpur
Temperature
The winter season starts from Middle of November and continues till end of March.
December, January and February are the coolest months. Both the night and day
temperatures increase rapidly during the onset of pre-monsoon season from April to May.
The mean maximum and minimum temperature have been recorded as 44.50C in May &
5.20C in the month of January & February respectively. The extreme minimum and
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
74
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
maximum temperature was recorded as -0.70C (07/02/1974) and 46.30C (27/05/1973)
respectively.
Humidity
The air is generally humid during the monsoon season and the weather during other
seasons was observed to be dry. The relative humidity during August at 08:30 hr was
observed to be around 78% and at 17:30 hr the same was observed as 57%. The minimum
relative humidity was observed as 37% at 08:30 hr and 19% at 17:30 hr in the month of
April respectively.
Cloudiness
During the winter and the pre-monsoon seasons, it was observed that the skies were
generally very clear. In the post-monsoon season, generally light clouds were observed in
the evenings, with clear mornings. During the monsoon season, both in the morning and
evenings, the skies were found to be generally clouded.
Winds
Generally, light to moderate winds prevail throughout the year with speed ranging from
1.3 to 5.6 kmph. Winds were light to moderate particularly in the morning hours, while in
the afternoon hours the winds were observed stronger. The annaul wind pattern is as
follows;
At 08:30 -hr
A review of the past IMD record showed predominant winds occurring mostly from SW
and NE direction.
At 17:30-hr
A review of the past IMD record showed predominant winds occurring mostly from SW
and W direction.
3.4.3.2
Observations on Primary Data
The site-specific data for the study period in respect of temperature, humidity and rainfall
is presented in Table 3.15.
1. Temperature
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Maximum temperature of 36.6OC (October 2013) and minimum temperature of 6.2OC
(December 2013) was recorded during the study period.
2. Relative Humidity
Maximum and minimum relative humidity observed during December 2013 and October
2013, was 70.2% and 24.4% respectively.
3. Rainfall
The main rainy season is the southwest monsoon season, from about the last week of
June to September-mid. Some rainfall though less in amount occurs in the cold season
from December to February. The average monthly rainfall observed at various tehsil Pali,
Sojat, Marwar of district Pali from observations made during 1973 to 2008 are reproduced
under Table 3.12. During the study period there were no rainfall during October,
November and December 2013.
Table 3.12 : Monthly Rainfall Data Observed at Tehsil (2012)
Month
JAN
PALI- PALI
Average 3.19
monthl
y
rainfall
(mm)
Average 0.47
Rainy
days
SOJAT-PALI
Average 5.60
monthl
y
rainfall
(mm)
Average 0.60
Rainyda
ys
MARWAR- PALI
Averag 2.89
e
monthl
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
Tot
al
Ma
x.
In a
day
D
at
e
5.73
0.53
2.93
9.34
39.41
180.03
148.17
56.70
17.86
8.33
0.00
472. 220
21
.60
2
Jul
y,
19
94
0.53
0.07
0.20
0.80
2.67
6.53
7.93
2.93
1.13
0.60
0.00
24
5.71
0.27
3.31
8.23
31.86
208.55
150.73
68.11
17.11
6.15
0.00
505. 301
60
.80
0.60
0.07
0.27
1.00
2.67
7.07
8.27
3.47
0.80
0.40
0.00
25
3.83
1.00
3.15
8.79
47.75
244.19
177.30
73.37
20.99
8.78
1.07
593. 227
09
.00
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
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2
Jul
y,
19
94
11
A
ug
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
y
rainfall
(mm)
Averag
e Rainy
days
.,
19
92
0.33 0.47
0.13
0.13
0.80
2.40
7.67
8.07
3.60
1.00
0.53
0.07
25
Monthly Rainfall data observed at tehsil Sojat from 2004 to 2013 is presented in Table
3.13 which shows that during this period the maximum and the minimum annual rainfall
recorded are 640 mm in 2010 and 172 in 2009. The maximum monthly rainfall of 384 mm
has been recorded during July 2007. Average annual rainfall is 436.1 mm which is more
than the average of 301.8 mm for the period 1973 to 2008 and also more than the normal
rainfall of 370 mm (1978) for the Tehsil Sojat. The standard deviation (140.68) and the coefficient of skew (-0.30) have been worked out in Table 3.14.
Table 3.13 : Monthly Rainfall (mm) data observed at Sojat Tehsil (2004-2013)
Month
/Year
2004
0
2005
0
2006
0
2007
0
2008
0
2009
0
2010
0
2011
0
2012
0
2013
14
Monthly
Average
1.4
0
0
0
23
0
0
0
5
0
4
3.2
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.4
0
30
0
0
13
0
0
0
0
2
4.5
0
1.2
0
0
50.5
18
0
11
0
0
8.1
30
22.3
50
62
23
11
13
40
0
85
33.6
73
130.7
33
384
57
136
48
144
44
119
116.9
194
52
267
111
211
7
247
227
318
54
168.8
0
121
80
0
74
0
225
121
158
82
86.1
24
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.4
0
0
0
0
0
0
101
0
0
0
10.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
0
0
0
0.6
321.00 357.20 430.00 584.00 428.50 172.00 640.00 548.00 520.00
360.00
436.1
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Total
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Table 3.14 : Computation of Standard Deviation
Year
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Total
Annual rainfall
(X)
321.00
357.20
430.00
584.00
428.50
172.00
640.00
548.00
520.00
360.00
4360.70
Deviation from
mean
(ΔX= X-X1)
-115.07
-78.87
-6.07
147.93
-7.57
-264.07
203.93
111.93
83.93
-76.07
0.0
ΔX2
ΔX3
13241.10
6220.48
36.84
21883.28
57.30
69732.96
41587.44
12528.32
7044.24
5786.64
178118.64
-1523653.94
-490609.01
-223.65
3237194.34
-433.80
-18414384.04
8480927.64
1402295.41
591223.47
-440190.08
-7157853.67
Mean (X1) =∑X/n = 436.07
Standard Deviation(σ) = √ ∑X 2/n-1 = 140.68
Co-efficient of Skew = ∑X3/(n-1) σ3 = -0.30
4. Cloud Cover
During the study period, it was observed that the skies were generally very clear and had
a few cloudy days but with less than 2.0 oktas of sky.
5. Wind Speed / Direction
The wind rose diagram developed during each month of Post-monsoon season (October
2013 to December 2013) and the combined seasonal are shown in Figure 3.14. It reveals
that pre-dominant wind direction occurs mostly from East to West, North East to South
West, North – West, South to North, South West to East North respectively. The average
mean wind speed is 1.67 m/s (6.0 kmph) and the maximum speed observed was 20.4
kmph. For less than 1% duration of total time count Calm prevailed. The resultant vector
of wind direction has a frequency of 25% with an average wind direction of 690. The
frequency distribution of wind class for complete post-monsoon season depicted in Figure
3.15 shows that wind with velocity 0.5-1.5 m/s (1.8 kmph – 5.4 kmph) prevailed for 48%
of the total time count, wind velocity ranging between 1.5 – 2.5 m/s (5.4 kmph – 9.0 kmph)
has prevailed for 34.9%. The wind velocity between 3.5 to 4.5 m/s (12.6 kmph to 16.2
kmph) had a frequency of 2.4% only.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Table 3.15 : Site Specific Meteorological Data
Oct-13
Day
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
Temperature
(⁰C)
Max
Min
32.2
21.2
32.0
20.1
32.1
20.2
34.4
20.4
34.8
19.8
34.8
21.0
35.6
22.1
36.3
22.1
36.6
19.6
35.6
22.1
36.4
20.1
36.0
19.5
34.9
19.5
34.9
17.7
34.9
19.3
35.5
19.3
35.5
18.0
35.5
17.0
35.3
18.1
34.8
20.7
34.5
16.5
34.5
17.2
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
Wind
Humidity
Speed
(%)
(Km./hr.)
Max Min Max Min
65.5 33.4 12.0 2.0
59.1 31.7 10.0 3.0
54.1 28.6
9.0 3.0
54.8 28.3 13.0 4.0
54.6 29.4 14.8 4.0
53.6 34.9 11.0 3.0
57.5 32.5 14.8 4.0
65.8 39.7 11.1 3.0
63.0 30.9 11.1 3.0
54.6 28.3 11.1 4.0
61.0 30.3 13.0 4.0
53.5 27.3 13.0 3.0
51.0 26.3 12.0 4.0
54.0 26.4 13.0 3.0
54.2 27.3 13.0 3.0
50.6 29.5 10.0 2.0
51.3 28.9 13.0 3.0
55.8 30.9 11.1 3.0
65.3 31.8 14.0 2.0
61.3 30.3 13.0 2.0
54.1 26.3 12.0 3.0
61.0 32.1
9.0 4.0
Nov-13
Rain
Fall
(mm)
-
Wind
Temperature Humidity
Speed
(⁰C)
(%)
(Km./hr.)
Max Min Max Min Max Min
33.5 15.0 57.0 28.3 13.0 1.0
32.2 18.0 60.3 28.3 13.0 2.0
33.6 17.4 57.7 26.3 11.1 2.0
34.4 18.3 57.7 26.5 11.1 2.0
33.2 17.6 61.3 27.2 14.8 3.0
33.6 16.1 59.5 35.9 11.1 1.0
33.1 15.9 59.4 30.3 14.8 2.0
33.6 15.9 57.1 27.2
7.4 3.0
33.9 17.1 48.3 26.3 11.1 1.0
33.9 16.7 53.9 29.3
9.3 3.0
33.8 17.1 52.4 29.3 11.1 2.0
33.7 17.1 58.7 27.3
7.4 2.0
33.0 16.9 47.9 25.3 11.1 3.0
30.5 13.7 52.3 26.1
7.4 1.0
31.8 15.0 49.3 27.5
9.3 2.0
32.0 15.0 53.4 27.2
9.3 1.0
32.0 16.4 55.2 27.3
7.4 2.0
32.1 16.0 57.2 27.5
7.4 2.0
32.7 15.1 55.4 24.8
9.3 2.0
33.3 14.3 54.1 26.2 11.1 2.0
31.5 12.6 54.3 28.4 11.1 2.0
31.5 13.7 63.3 27.8
9.3 1.0
Dec-13
Rain
Fall
(mm)
-
Wind
Temperature Humidity
Speed
(⁰C)
(%)
(Km./hr.)
Max Min Max Min Max Min
25.2
9.5 58.4 28.1 11.1 3.0
27.2
9.5 57.0 29.4 13.0 1.0
28.7 10.6 62.0 32.0 10.0 2.0
28.7 13.4 60.5 33.1
9.0 1.0
29.3 13.6 61.9 33.3
8.0 2.0
29.5 13.9 64.8 31.3
8.0 4.0
29.6 11.8 61.4 28.9
7.0 3.0
29.3 11.0 62.0 30.4
9.0 2.0
29.2 11.0 65.0 30.7 13.0 3.0
29.3 11.0 62.9 30.9 13.0 3.0
27.8 13.7 59.9 27.2 13.0 2.0
27.7 10.9 61.1 27.2 11.1 2.0
27.2 10.2 55.5 29.3 14.8 3.0
27.2 13.6 66.7 34.5 11.1 3.0
28.4 13.6 67.3 39.6 11.1 4.0
27.0 13.6 68.3 41.7 13.0 3.0
26.5 13.4 66.3 37.2 13.0 3.0
27.2 13.4 65.3 34.3 18.5 2.0
27.1 13.4 64.0 39.3 13.0 3.0
26.2 13.4 66.3 36.4 11.1 3.0
26.2 10.3 65.0 31.3
9.0 3.0
27.9 10.3 60.9 27.4 11.1 3.0
Rain
Fall
(mm)
79
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Max
Min
34.5
33.2
33.1
33.6
33.6
33.6
33.3
32.7
33.3
36.6
17.8
17.1
16.0
16.0
14.0
14.8
14.8
14.9
14.9
14.0
Total
Rainfall
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
61.4
53.8
54.3
51.2
54.1
57.1
50.4
55.3
52.9
65.8
26.3
24.4
25.3
25.2
26.6
28.2
25.2
27.1
27.3
24.4
13.0
11.1
12.0
12.0
12.0
11.1
11.0
12.0
12.0
14.8
4.0
4.0
3.0
4.0
3.0
4.0
3.0
3.0
5.0
2.0
-
30.8
31.2
30.8
30.8
31.7
31.4
30.9
29.6
15.1
14.1
15.1
15.1
15.1
15.1
15.1
11.3
34.4
56.5
54.8
62.7
56.2
55.5
59.0
50.0
59.0
27.0
28.2
27.7
25.7
23.5
27.9
25.8
25.4
63.3
11.3
13.0
7.4
14.8
7.4
11.1
18.5
11.1
14.8
3.0
3.7
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
1.0
2.0
18.5
28.3
1.0
-
26.1
27.9
27.0
26.4
27.0
23.7
21.9
20.7
22.0
29.6
10.6
10.6
8.9
8.9
9.5
12.2
7.3
6.2
6.8
6.2
62.3
60.1
59.3
59.3
55.1
62.1
70.2
63.3
63.7
70.2
34.2
28.9
27.6
26.7
28.2
31.7
38.9
29.8
30.3
26.7
9.0
11.1
9.0
11.0
11.1
20.4
11.1
18.5
13.0
20.4
-
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
3.0
3.0
2.0
3.0
1.0
80
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
October 2013
November 2013
December 2013
October To December 2013
Figure 3.14 : Site Specific Windrose Diagram
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Figure 3.15 : Frequency Distribution of Wind Class
3.5.
Air Quality
The study area represents mostly rural environment in arid-zone of Western
Rajasthan. The ambient air quality with respect to the study area covered in Tehsil
including the linear mine lease area forms the baseline information. The various
sources of air pollution in the region are traffic, urban and rural activities. This will also
be useful for assessing the conformity to standards of the ambient air quality during
the mine operation.
This section describes the selection of sampling locations, methodology adopted for
sampling, analytical techniques and frequency of sampling.
3.5.1.
Methodology Adopted for Air Quality Survey
3.5.1.1
Selection of Sampling Locations
The baseline status of the ambient air quality has been assessed through a
scientifically designed ambient air quality-monitoring network. The design of
monitoring network in the air quality surveillance programme has been based on the
following considerations:

Meteorological conditions on synoptic basis;

Topography of the study area and linear nature of project;

Representatives of regional background air quality for obtaining baseline
status; and

Representatives of likely impact areas particularly covering the zone for
maximum annual mining, material handling and transportation interface
areas.
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Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan

Representative residential, rural and commercial area consideration
Ambient air quality monitoring stations were set up at five locations with due
consideration to the above mentioned points. The location of the selected stations
with reference to the project site and details of environmental setting around each
monitoring station are given in Table 3.16 and Figure 3.16.
Table 3.16 : Details of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations
Station
Code
Name of the Station
Distance (km) from the
river boundary (mining
area)
A-1
Sojat Town
Sukri river – 2
Direction
w.r.t. river
(mining
area)
S
A-2
Rediya nadi – 0.5
SW
Rural/Residential
Rediya river – 0.0
-
River bed
A-4
Chaupra Village
Rediya Riverbed at
Chaupra
Siyat
Sukri river – 1.0
S
Rural/Residential
A-5
Shoepura village
Sukri river - 0.4
S
Rural/Commercial
A-3
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
Environmental Setting
Commercial
83
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Figure 3.16 : Location of Montoring and Sampling Stations
3.5.1.2
Monitoring Plan
Monitoring is carried out for Particulate Matter (PM10), Sulphur dioxide (SO2), and
Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) as per TOR. Sampling was carried out on 24hourly twice a
week, for 12 week basis starting from 1st October 2013 to 30 December 2013 (Post
monsoon season).
Ambient air quality levels were assessed with respect to National ambient air quality
standards prescribed by Central pollution Control board (CPCB) 2009
3.5.2.
Presentation of Primary Data
The survey results for the three months study period (October 2013 to December
2013) are presented in detail in Table 3.17. Various statistical parameters like 98th
percentile, mean, maximum and minimum values have been computed from the
observed data for all the AAQ monitoring stations. The mineral composition of the
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
PM10 for silica content was carried out and it was found to range between 1.9 to 3.2
µg/m3.
Table 3.17 : Ambient Air Quality results (µg/m3)
Date
Sojat Town
(A-1)
PM10 SO2 NOx
Chaupra Village
(A-2)
PM10 SO2
NOx
Rediya Riverbed at
Chaupra (A-3)
PM10
SO2
NOx
Date
03-10-2013
89
6.4
23.1
60
5.2
20.2
04-10-2013
69
5.2
20
06-10-2013
84
6
22.9
63
6.4
21.3
07-10-2013
65
5
18.4
10-10-2013
77
5.2
21.3
65
5.5
19.5
11-10-2013
70
6.3
20.8
13-10-2013
81
6.5
24.5
68
5.8
23.2
14-10-2013
65
5.4
21.3
18-10-2013
85
5.4
25
70
6.4
25
19-10-2013
67
6.6
23.6
21-10-2013
79
5.5
21.7
63
6
24.8
22-10-2013
62
7.3
22.4
25-10-2013
73
5.7
22.4
59
5.2
23.1
26-10-2013
63
6.6
21
28-10-2013
85
6.1
23.2
65
5.8
21.6
29-10-2013
69
6.5
21.5
02-11-2013
106
8
25.5
78
7.9
25.2
03-11-2013
75
7.6
20.8
05-11-2013
96
6.2
23.9
67
6.3
22.8
06-11-2013
54
6.8
21.4
09-11-2013
86
5.9
22.5
63
6
21
10-11-2013
60
5.6
22
12-11-2013
82
6.3
23.8
60
6.3
22.2
13-11-2013
55
5.2
22.2
17-11-2013
85
6.6
22.3
76
5.5
21.6
18-11-2013
60
4.4
21.6
20-11-2013
78
6.1
21.7
65
5.2
22
21-11-2013
64
5
20.6
24-11-2013
80
6.3
22.9
66
5.6
21.2
25-11-2013
70
5.3
23.2
27-11-2013
82
6
23
70
5.2
22.5
28-11-2013
63
5.6
24.2
02-12-2013
89
6.4
22.6
66
6.5
20.5
03-12-2013
60
5.2
20.5
05-12-2013
84
6.6
23.1
61
6.4
19.7
06-12-2013
54
4.8
19.8
10-12-2013
79
6.3
22.4
69
6
20.8
11-12-2013
67
5.7
20.5
13-12-2013
76
6.7
25.2
67
5.6
23.2
14-12-2013
62
5.2
22.4
17-12-2013
80
5.8
21.7
65
5.8
21.5
18-12-2013
58
4.4
20.8
20-12-2013
75
5.5
20.8
60
4.8
23.2
21-12-2013
54
5.2
22
24-12-2013
78
5.1
21.2
71
5.5
21.3
25-12-2013
70
5.5
21
26-12-2013
83
5.3
23
68
5.6
22
28-12-2013
65
6
22.1
Max
106
8.0
25.5
78
7.9
25.2
Max
75
7.6
24.2
Min
73
5.1
20.8
59
4.8
19.5
Min
54
4.4
18.4
Mean
83
6.1
22.9
66
5.9
22.1
Mean
63
5.7
21.4
98 percentile
101
7.4
25.4
77
7.3
25.1
98 percentile
73
7.5
23.9
Standard (24 hr.)
100
80
80
100
80
80
Standard (24 hr.)
100
80.0
80.0
Date
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
Siyat (A-4)
PM10
SO2
Sheopura vill (A-5)
NOx
PM10
SO2
NOx
85
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
05-10-2013
08-10-2013
12-10-2013
15-10-2013
20-10-2013
23-10-2013
27-10-2013
30-10-2013
04-11-2013
07-11-2013
11-11-2013
14-11-2013
19-11-2013
22-11-2013
26-11-2013
29-11-2013
04-12-2013
07-12-2013
12-12-2013
15-12-2013
19-12-2013
22-12-2013
26-12-2013
29-12-2013
Max
Min
Mean
98 percentile
Standard (24 hr.)
63
67
72
66
72
69
66
67
78
62
62
5
5.8
5.3
5.2
5.2
4.8
5.8
6
7.4
5.2
6.4
19.8
20.5
22.5
21
22.9
24.3
23.4
24.3
25.6
24.3
25
65
69
66
70
65
68
71
67
77
65
61
5.5
5.2
5
5.8
6.2
6
6.6
6.3
7.7
7
5.8
22.4
26.2
23
21.4
20.8
21.6
20.6
20.8
25
22.5
23
66
5.2
24.3
65
5.6
23.2
63
68
60
58
54
56
71
65
70
60
5.5
6.2
6
5.6
5.2
5.8
5.4
5.5
6
5.2
25.2
23.4
24.3
19.8
24.1
23.4
19.8
23.1
22.9
23.4
66
70
73
67
58
72
66
69
64
63
4.8
4.7
5
5.3
6
6.5
5.2
4.8
5.2
6.4
21.1
20.7
20.5
22.4
23.1
21.8
20.6
19.3
20
22.3
63
6.4
22.7
67
6
22.5
60
78
54
65
5.3
7.4
4.8
5.6
22.5
25.6
19.8
23.0
68
77
58
67
5.3
7.7
4.7
5.7
21.6
26.2
19.3
21.9
75
6.9
25.4
75
7.4
25.6
100
80
80
100
80
80
Interpretation of theresults
The results are compared with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)
prescribed by MoEF, GoI Notification dated 16.11.2009.
Core Zone–Mine Area (A-3)
Particulate Matter (size less than 10 micron) or PM10, monitored in the Mine area
showed 98th percentile value of 73 µg/m3
98th percentile values of Sulphur di oxide and Oxides of Nitrogen in the mine area
from the monitored data were 7.5 µg/m3 and 23.9 µg/m3 respectively.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
86
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Buffer Zone (Stations A-1, A-2, A-4 and A-5)
PM10 values monitored at 5 locations showed 98th percentile values in the range of
7 5 – 1 0 1 µg/m3. Highest value was recorded at Sojat town and exceeds the limits
of NAAQS. Concentrations of PM10 is mainly contributed due to vehicular traffic and
local activities
98th percentile value of Sulphur di oxide in the study area from the monitored data
was in the range of 7 . 3 – 7 . 4 µg/m3. Maximum value was recorded near the
sampling station located at Sojat town. The values of SO2 monitored in the study
area are well with in the limits of NAAQS.
Ambient air quality status monitored for nitrogen oxides in the study area were in the
range with 98th percentile values between 25. 1– 25.6 µg/m3. A maximum value of
was prevailing at the time of sampling at Sheopura. The values of NOx monitored in
the study area are well within the limits of NAAQS.
3.6.
Water Quality
Selected water quality parameters of surface and ground water resources within 10km radius of the study area have been studied to assess the water environment and
evaluate anticipated impact of the project. Understanding the water quality is
essential in preparation of Environmental Impact Assessment and to identify critical
issues with a view to suggest appropriate mitigation measures for implementation.
The purpose of this study is to:
 Assess the water quality characteristics for critical parameters;
 Evaluate
the impacts on agricultural productivity, habitat conditions,
recreational resources and aesthetics in the vicinity; and
 Predict impact on water quality by this project and related activities.
The information required has been collected through primary surveys and secondary
sources.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
87
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
3.6.1.
Methodology
Reconnaissance survey was undertaken and monitoring locations were finalized
based on:
 Drainage pattern;
 Location of residential areas representing different activities /likely impact
areas; and
 Likely areas, which can represent baseline conditions.
Five ground water and two surface water sources water sources in the study area
were examined for physico-chemical, heavy metals and bacteriological parameters
in order to assess the effect of industrial and other activities on surface and ground
water. The samples were analyzed as per the procedures specified in “Standard
Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater” published by American
Public Health Association (APHA).
Samples for chemical analysis were collected in polyethylene carboys. Samples
collected for metal content were acidified with 1 ml HNO3. Samples for
bacteriological analysis were collected in sterilized glass bottles. Selected physicochemical and bacteriological parameters have been analyzed for projecting the
existing water quality status in the study area.
Parameters like temperature,
dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH were analyzed on spot at the time of sample
collection.
3.6.2.
Water Sampling Locations
Surface water samples were grabbed from two locations and ground water from five
locations which were analyzed for various parameters to compare with the standards
for drinking water as per IS: 10500 for drinking water as well as IS: 2296 (Class A)
for surface water sources. The water sampling locations are identified in Table 3.18
and depicted in Figure 3.16.
Table 3.18 : Water Sampling Locations
Code
Surface Water
SW1
SW2
Ground Water
GW1
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
Location
Sardar Samand
Chupra Raj Sagar
Sojat Vill.
88
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
3.6.3.
GW2
GW3
Chaupra Village
Jhupelav
GW4
Siyat
GW5
Shoepura Vill.
Presentation of Results
The results of the water quality monitored during the study period representing Post
monsoon season. Surface water and ground water samples are given in Table 3.19
to Table 3.20 respectively.
3.6.3.1
Interpretation of Surface Water Quality
The analysis results indicate neutral in nature as pH ranged between 7.28 – 7.42,
which is well within the range of 6.5 - 8.5 specified standard limits. The TDS was
recorded which is above the tolerance limit of 500 mg/l . Dissolved Oxygen was
observed to be in the range of 6.2 to 7.5 mg/l which indicate the surface water quality
is conducive for aquatic life. The Chlorides and Sulphates recorded were well within
the tolerance limits (Chlorides 250 mg/l and sulphates 400 mg/l). It is evident from the
above values that all the parameters are found to comply with the requirements of IS:
2296 specification of surface water. Bacteriological studies reveal the presence of
E.coli. The Heavy metal content is found below detectable limits. The surface water
quality is good for fish culture, irrigation purpose and outdoor bathing except drinking
water source with conventional treatment.
3.6.3.2
Ground Water Quality
Most of the village in the project area has tap water supply mostly off taking from
springs as well as local springs nearby the village and residents of these villages
make use of this water for drinking and other domestic uses.
The analysis results indicate that the pH ranged between 7.27 to 7.9, which are well
within the specified standard of 6.5 to 8.5 limits. Total hardness recorded was within
the desirable limit for one location and below permissible limits for other four locations.
The Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) concentration recorded were found to be above
deisirable limits for all location but within the permissible limits.
Chlorides at all the locations were within the permissible limit, ranging between 432 824 mg/l. Fluorides are found to be within desirable limit for two locations and below
permissible limit for the rest. Nitrates are found to be below detection limit.
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
89
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Bacteriological studies reveal that no coliform bacterial are present in the samples.
The heavy metal contents were observed to be in below detectable limits.
Table 3.19 : Physico chemical and Biological Characteristics of Surface
Water
Parameters
Tolerance limits for inland
surface water class A
(drinking water without
conventional treatment
but after disinfection) as
per IS:2296 - 1982
Sardar
Samand
(SW-1)
Chupra Raj
Sagar (near
Nayagaon)
(SW-2)
Colour (Hazen)
-
<5
<5
Conductivity (μmhos/cm)
-
Turbidity (NTU)
-
1297
0.9
7.28
658
10
785
0.8
7.42
521
28
6.5 - 8.5
pH
Total Dissolved Solids (mg/l)
Total Suspended Solids (mg/l)
500
-
Total Hardness (as CaCO3)
mg/liter
Chlorides (as Cl ) mg/l
300
256
104
250
Sulphate (as SO4) mg/l
400
Nitrate ( as NO3 ) mg/l
20
170
22
15
BDL
0.5
0.35
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
3
37
40
138
96
20
7.5
24
6
11
BDL
0.7
0.4
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
4
30
7
28
112
24
6.2
Phosphate (as PO4) mg/l
-
Fluoride (as F) mg/l
1.5
Iron (as Fe) mg/l
0.3
Lead (as Pb) mg/l
0.1
Copper (as Cu) mg/l
1.5
-
Nickel (as Ni) mg/l
15
Zinc (as Zn) mg/l
Total Chromium (as Cr) mg/l
0.05
Manganese ( as Mn ) mg/l
0.5
Oil & Grease (mg/l)
0.01
Calcium (as Ca) mg/l
200
Magnesium (as Mg) (mg/l)
100
Total Alkalinity (mg/l)
200
Chemical Oxygen demand mg/l
270C)
BOD (for 3 days at
(mg/l)
Dissolved Oxygen (mg/l)
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
3
6
90
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Table 3.20 : Physico chemical and Biological Characteristics of Ground Water
Location
PARAMETERS
Colour
(Hazen Units)
Conductivity
(μmhos/cm)
Turbidity
(NTU)
pH
Total
Dissolved
Solids
(mg/liter)
Total
Suspended
Solids
(mg/liter)
Total
Hardness ( as
CaCO3)
mg/liter
Chlorides ( as
Cl ) mg/liter
Sulphate ( as
SO4 ) mg/liter
Nitrate ( as
NO3 )
mg/liter
Phosphate
(as PO4)
mg/liter
Fluoride ( as F
)mg/liter
Iron ( as Fe )
mg/liter
Lead ( as Pb )
mg/liter
Copper ( as
Cu ) mg/liter
Nickel (as Ni)
mg/liter
Zinc ( as Zn )
mg/liter
Total
Chromium (
as Cr )
mg/liter
Sojat
Town
GW-1
<5
Chaupra
Village
GW-2
<5
Guriya
Village
GW-3
<5
Junplea
Village
GW-4
<5
Shoepura
Village.
GW-5
<5
2383
3971
1936
3971
2202
0.6
3.7
0.8
3.7
0.7
7.9
7.27
7.6
7.87
7.55
1194
1763
1162
1903
1102
25
180
13
432
10
336
13
432
DESIRABLE PERMISSIBLE
Test
LIMITS
LIMITS
Protocol
5
25
-
-
5
10
No
relaxation
IS:3025
Part-4
IS:3025
Part-14
IS:3025
Part-10
IS:3025
Part-11
500
2000
IS:3025
Part-16
-
-
IS:3025
Part-17
6.5 to 8.5
18
496
580
824
432
724
499
48
52
35
52
2.6
28
36
26
28
32
300
600
250
1000
200
400
IS:3025
Part-21
IS:3025
Part-32
IS:3025
Part-24
100
IS:3025
Part-34
45
4
3
4.5
3
BDL
0.8
1.1
0.9
1.3
1.2
0.36
2.3
0.4
2.3
0.18
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
-
-
1
1.5
0.3
0.05
1
No
relaxation
0.05
1.5
-
-
5
15
IS:3025
Part-31
IS:3025
Part-60
IS:3025
Part-53
IS:3025
Part-47
IS:3025
Part-42
IS:3025
Part-54
IS:3025
Part-49
0.05
No
relaxation
IS:3025
Part-52
91
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Manganese (
as Mn )
mg/liter
Oil & Grease
(mg/liter)
Calcium (as
Ca) mg/liter
Magnesium
(as Mg)
(mg/liter)
Total
Alkalinity
(mg/liter)
Total
Coliform
(MPN/100
ml)
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
6
9
6
9
8
27
66
57
66
84
27
65
47
65
69
154
NIL
140
NIL
3.7.
Soil
3.7.1.
Soil Classification
154
NIL
140
NIL
0.1
0.3
-
-
75
200
IS:3025
PartIS:3025
Part-39
IS:3025
Part-40
30
100
IS:3025
Part-46
200
600
IS:3025
Part-23
10
10
IS:5401
Part-2
90
NIL
The soil resource map of Rajasthan (NBSS Publication No-51) has been used in the
present study. The soil is predominantly sandy clay loam. The soil of the district belongs
to those of soils of Semi-Arid Transitional Plain with Landscape Map units as 102, 103,
105, 107, 115, 119, 120, 122, 125, 127, 130 & 141 representing the Soils of Aeofluvial
Luni Basin and soils of Central Highlands-Aravalli Landscape Map unit number as 171
representing the Soils of Hilly Terrain with Ridges and Furrows, Landscape Map unit
number 190 shows the Soils of Pediments and Soils of Pediments with thin Veneer of
Sand having Landscape Map Unit number 210. The characteristics of these soils are
described hereunder and the soil map of the district is presented in Figure 3.17.
Soils of Semi-Arid Transitional Plain

Soil Map Unit 102
These soils are moderately shallow, moderately well drained, calcareous, fine loamy soils
on very gently sloping plains with loamy surface, moderately eroded; associated with:
Deep, well drained, calcareous, coarse loamy soils, slightly eroded, moderately saline.
Taxonomically the soils are classified as Typic Calciorthids and Typic Camborthids.

Soil Map Unit 103
These soils are Moderately Shallow, well drained, loamy skeletal soils on gently sloping
plains with loamy surface, severely eroded; associated with deep, well drained, coarse
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
loamy soils, severely eroded. Taxonomically the soils are classified as Typic Calciorthids
and Typic Camborthids.

Soil Map Unit 105
These soils are very deep, well drained, sandy soils on gently sloping plains with sandy
surface, moderately eroded; associated with very deep, well drained, coarse loamy soils,
severely eroded, moderately saline. Taxonomically the soils are classified as Typic
Torripsamments and Typic Camborthids.

Soil Map Unit 107
These soils are deep, well drained, sandy soils on nearly level plains with sandy surface,
slightly eroded; associated with moderately shallow, well drained, coarse loamy soil,
moderately eroded. Taxonomically the soils are classified as Typic Torripsamments and
Typic Camborthids.

Soil Map Unit 115
These soils are moderately deep, well drained, fine loamy soils on gently sloping plains
with loamy surface, moderately eroded; associated with deep, well drained, calcareous,
fine loamy soils, slightly eroded. Taxonomically the soils are classified as Typic
Camborthids.

Soil Map Unit 119
These soils are moderately shallow, well drained, fine loamy soils on very gently sloping
plains with loamy surface, moderately eroded ; associated with: Moderately shallow, well
drained, calcareous, fine soils, moderately eroded. Taxonomically the soils are classified
as Typic Camborthids and Typic Paleorthids.

Soil Map Unit 120
These soils are very deep, moderately well drained, calcareous, fine loamy soils on very
gently sloping plains with loamy surface, moderately eroded, moderately saline;
associated with very deep, well drained, calcareous, coarse loamy soils, moderately
eroded. Taxonomically the soils are classified as Typic Camborthids.

Soil Map Unit 122
These soils are very deep, well drained, coarse loamy soils on very gently sloping plains
with sandy surface, moderately eroded; associated with: Shallow, well drained, fine loamy
soils, slightly eroded, slightly saline. Taxonomically the soils are classified as Typic
Camborthids.

Soil Map Unit 125
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
93
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
These soils are very deep, moderately well drained, coarse loamy soils on very gently
sloping aeofluvial plains with sandy surface, moderate erosion; associated with: Very
deep, well drained, coarse loamy soils on very gently sloping aeofluvial plains of luni basin
with slight erosion, slightly saline and sodic. Taxonomically the soils are classified as
Typic Camborthids.

Soil Map Unit 127
These soils are deep, well drained, calcareous, coarse loamy soils on very gently sloping
plains with sandy surface, moderately eroded; slightly saline; associated with: Moderately
deep, well drained, sandy soils, slightly eroded. Taxonomically the soils are classified as
Typic Calciorthids and Typic Torripsamments.

Soil Map Unit 130
These soils are deep, moderately well drained, coarse loamy soils on very gently sloping
plains with sandy surface, moderately eroded; associated with deep moderately well
drained fine loamy soils, slightly eroded, moderately saline. Taxonomically the soils are
classified as Typic Camborthids.

Soil Map Unit 141
These soils are deep, well drained, coarse loamy soils on very gently sloping plains with
sandy surface, moderately eroded; associated with moderately shallow, moderately well
drained, calcareous, fine loamy soils, slightly eroded. Taxonomically the soils are
classified as Typic Camborthids.
Soils of Central Highlands-Aravalli Landscape

Soil Map Unit 171
These soils are Rock-outcrops; associated with moderately shallow, well drained, sandy
soils on gently sloping foot-slops, very severely eroded. Taxonomically the soils are
classified as Rock-outcrops and Typic Torriorthents.
Soils of Pediments

Soil Map Unit 190
These soils are moderately shallow, well drained, coarse loamy soils on gently sloping
pediments with loamy surface, severely eroded ; associated with very shallow, well
drained, sandy skeletal soil, very severely eroded, moderately stony. Taxonomically the
soils are classified as Typic Ustochrepts and Lithic Ustochrepts.
Soils of Pediments with thin Veneer of Sand
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Soil Map Unit 210
These soils are Rock-outcrops; associated with shallow, well drained, loamy skeletal soils
on pediments, severely eroded, strongly stony. Taxonomically the soils are classified as
Rock-outcrops and Torriorthents.
Figure 3.17 : Soil Map of the Study Area
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3.7.2.
Soil Characteristics
Soil fertility is an important aspect of the soil-plant relationship. Fertility status of the soils
is primarily and importantly dependent upon both the macro and micronutrient reserve of
the soil. Continued removal of nutrients by crops, with little or no replacement will increase
the nutrient stress in plants and ultimately lowers the productivity. The fertility status of soil
mainly depends upon the nature of vegetation, climate & topography, texture &
decomposition rate of organic matter in the soil. Optimum productivity of any cropping
systems depends upon adequate supply of plant nutrients.
The fertility of soil depends on the concentration of N, P, K, organic and inorganic materials
and water. Nitrogen is required for growth of plant and is a constituent of chlorophyll, plant
protein, and nucleic acids. Phosphorus is most often limiting nutrients remains present in
plant cell nuclei and act as energy storage. It helps in transfer of energy. Potassium is
found in its mineral form and affect plant cell division, carbohydrate formation,
translocation of sugar, various enzyme actions and resistance to certain plant disease,
over 60 enzymes are known to require potassium for activation.
It is essential to determine the potential of soil in the area to identify the current impacts
of urbanization and industrialization on soil quality and predict impacts, which may arise
due to the project operations. Accordingly, a study of assessment of the baseline soil
quality has been carried out.
3.7.3.
Data Generation
For studying soil quality of the region, four sampling locations were selected to assess the
existing soil conditions in and around the Mining area representing various land use
conditions. The samples have been collected from the depth of 5 to 15cm and
representative samples prepared by thoroughly mixing. The homogenized samples were
analysed for physico chemical characteristics.
Table 3.21 and shown in Figure 3.16. The soil quality at all the locations during the study
period is tabulated in Table 3.22.
Table 3.21 : Details of Soil Sampling Locations
Location code
S1
Location
S3
Chaupra
Sheopura
Bagri
S4
Sojat
S2
Present Land Use
Riverbed Sand
Agriculture
Agriculture
Agriculture
Table 3.22 : Physicochemical Characteristics of Soil
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S.No.
Sampling Locations
Parameter
S-1
S-2
S-3
Chaupra
Sheopura
Bagri
S-4
Sojat
Yellowish
Dark Brown
Light Brown
Brown
Sandy
Sandy clay
Loam
Sandy clay
Sandy clay
Loam
1
Color
2
Texture
3
pH (20%Slurry)
7.1
7.9
7.7
7.6
4
EC (µmhos/cm)
102
128
180
108
5
Bulk Density (gm/cc)
1.37
1.35
1.45
1.37
6
Moisture (%)
1.0
2.5
1.5
2.6
7
Chloride ( mg/kg)
483
675
634
773
8
Organic Matter (%)
1.4
2.8
2.6
2.1
9
20.2
31.6
24.0
29.4
10
Water Holding
Capacity (%)
Potassium (mg/kg)
16
21
29
18
11
Phosphorus (mg/kg)
22
34
42
28
12
Nitrogen (mg/kg)
18
21
25
24
13
Carbonate(mg/kg)
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
14
Bi-Carbonate(mg/kg)
112
176
119
195
15
SAR
1.0
1.2
1.2
1.1
Source: Kamal Enviro & Food Lab. Pvt. Ltd. Gurgaon-Haryana
3.7.4.
Soil reaction classes and critical limits for Macro and Micro nutrients in soil
According to Soil Survey Manual (IARI, 1970), the soils are grouped under different soil
reaction classes viz extremely acidic (pH<4.5), very strongly acidic (pH 4.5 – 5.0 ), strongly
acidic (pH 5.1 – 5.5), moderately acidic (pH 5.6-6.0), slightly acidic (pH 6.1-6.5), neutral
(pH 6.6- 7.3), slightly alkaline (pH 7.4-7.8), moderately alkaline (pH 7.9-8.4), strongly
alkaline (pH 8.5-9.0).The soils are rated as low (below 0.50 %), medium (0.50-0.75 %)
and high (above 0.75 %) in case of organic carbon, low (<280 kg ha-1), medium (280 to
560 kg ha-1) and high (>560 kg ha-1) in case of available nitrogen, low (< 10 kg ha-1),
medium (10 to 25 kg ha-1) and high (> 25 kg ha-1) for available phosphorus, low (< 108
kg ha-1), medium (108 to 280 kg ha-1) and high (> 280 kg ha-1) for available potassium.
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3.7.5.
Interpretation of Soil Characteristics
Interpretation of Soil Characteristic has been dwelled in following sub-sections
3.7.5.1
Soil Texture
The soils of study area are Semi-Arid Transitional Plain and the most commonly observed
soil texture is Sandy, Sandy Clay and Sandy Clay Loam.
3.7.5.2
Soil Reaction
Soil pH is an important soil property, which affects the availability of several plant nutrients.
It is a measure of acidity and alkalinity and reflects the status of base saturation. The soil
pH ranges from 7.1 to 7.9, thereby indicating the soil is slightly to moderately alkaline in
nature.
3.7.5.3
Organic Matter
The effect of soil organic matter on soil properties is well recognized. Soil organic matter
plays a vital role in supplying plant nutrients, cation exchange capacity, improving soil
aggregation and hence water retention and soil biological activity. The organic matter
content of soil varied from 1.4 to 2.8% (0.84 to 1.64% as organic carbon), thereby implying
that soils are very high in organic content.
3.7.5.4
Macronutrients
Nutrients like nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) are considered as primary
nutrients and sulphur (S) as secondary nutrient. These nutrients help in proper growth,
development and yield differentiation of plants and are generally required by plants in large
quantity.

Available Nitrogen
Nitrogen is an integral component of many compounds including chlorophyll and enzyme
essential for plant growth. It is an essential constituent for amino acids which is building
blocks for plant tissue, cell nuclei and protoplasm. It encourages the aboveground
vegetative growth and deep green color to leaves. Deficiency of Nitrogen decreasing rate
and extent of protein-synthesis and result into stunted growth and develop chlorosis.
Available nitrogen content in the surface soils ranges between 18 and 25 mg/kg (37 and
54 kg/ha) thereby indicating that soils are very low in available nitrogen content.

Available Phosphorus
Phosphorus is important component of adenosine di-phosphate (ADP) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which involves in energy transformation in plant. It is essential
component of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the seat of genetic inheritance in plant and
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animal. Phosphorous take part in important functions like photosynthesis, nitrogen
fixation, crop maturation, root development, strengthening straw in cereal crops etc. The
availability of phosphorous is restricted under acidic and alkaline soil reaction mainly due
to P-fixation. In acidic condition it gets fixed with aluminum and iron and in alkaline
condition with calcium. Available phosphorus content ranges between 28 and 42-mg/kg
(57.0 and 91.0 kg/ha) thereby indicating that soils are high in available phosphorus.

Available Potassium
Potassium is an activator of various enzymes responsible for plant processes like energy
metabolism, starch synthesis, nitrate reduction and
sugar degradation. It is extremely
mobile in plant and help to regulate opening and closing of stomata in the leaves and
uptake of water by root cells. It is important in grain formation and tuber development and
encourages crop resistance for certain fungal and bacterial diseases. Available potassium
content in these soils ranges between 16.0 and 29.0-mg/kg (33.0 and 63.0 kg/ha), thereby
indicating low soils in potassium content in the area.
3.8.
Noise Environment
The environmental assessment of noise from the industrial activity, construction activity
and vehicular traffic can be undertaken by taking into consideration various factors like
potential damage to hearing, physiological responses, and annoyance and general
community responses.
The impact of noise sources on surrounding community depends on:

Characteristics of noise sources (instantaneous, intermittent or continuous in nature).
It can be observed that steady noise is not as annoying as one which is continuously
varying in loudness.

The time of day at which noise occurs, for example high noise levels at night in
residential areas are not acceptable because of sleep disturbance and

The location of the noise sources, with respect to noise sensitive landuse, which
determines the loudness and period of exposure.
The environmental impact of noise can have several effects varying from Noise Induced
Hearing Loss (NIHL) to annoyance depending on loudness of noise. The environmental
impact assessment of noise from the project operation, vehicular traffic can be undertaken
by taking into consideration various factors like potential damage to hearing, physiological
responses, and annoyance and general community responses.
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3.8.1.
Identification of Sampling Locations
A preliminary reconnaissance survey has been undertaken to identify the major noise
generating sources in the area. Noise at different generating sources has been identified
based on the activities in the village area and traffic.
The noise monitoring has been conducted for determination of ambient noise levels in the
study area. The noise level at each location were recorded for 24 hrs. The environment
setting of noise monitoring locations is given in Table 3.23 and shown in Figure 3.16.
Table 3.23 Details of Noise Monitoring Locations
Station
Code
N-1
N-2
N-3
N-4
N-5
3.8.2.
Name of the Station
Sojat Town
Chaupra Village
Chaupra Riverbed
Siyat
Shoepura village
Distance (km)
from the river
boundary
(mining area)
Sukri river – 2
Rediya nadi – 0.5
Rediya river – 0.0
Sukri river – 1.0
Sukri river - 0.4
Direction
w.r.t. river
(mining area)
S
SW
S
S
Environmental
Setting
Commercial
Rural/Residential
River bed
Rural/Residential
Rural/Commercial
Method of Monitoring
Sound Pressure Level (SPL) measurements were measured at all locations. The day
noise levels have been monitored during 6 am to 10 pm and night levels during 10 pm to
6 am at all the locations within study area. The Leq day time and night time noise levels
and Leq day and night time noise levels at each of the sampling location are presented in
Table 3.24.
Table 3.24 : Noise Levels [dB(A)] in the Study Area
Station Code
Location
Leq Day Time
Leq Night Time
Leq Day & Night
N-1
Sojat
62.8
53.9
61.3
N-2
Chaupra
52.5
44.7
51.1
Chaupra
Riverbed
Siyat
52.3
44.3
50.9
56.7
46.0
55.1
Seopura
Village
57.5
50.0
56.1
N-3
N-4
N-5
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3.8.3.
Interpretation of Results
The noise monitoring shows the day and night time noise level at mine site (Chaupra
village) the noise recorded at mine site 52.3 dB (A) Leq during day time and 44.3 dB (A)
Leq during night time. The highest level of noise marked at Sojat i.e. 62.8 dB (A) Leq
during daytime and 53.9 dB (A) Leq during nighttime, due to vehicle movement at nearest
mine road and exceed the prescribed limit. During daytime, the noise levels marginally
exceed the prescribed limit for all other sites. The major source of the noise in the study
area is vehicular movement. The ambient air quality standards in respect of noise are 75,
65, 55 and 50 dB (A) Leq in daytime and 70, 55, 45 and 40 dB (A) Leq during nighttime
for industrial, commercial, residential and silence zone respectively. The daytime noise
level measured during 6:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m. and nighttime measured from 10:00 p.m.
to 6:00 am.
3.9.
Biological Environment
3.9.1.
Flora
3.9.1.1
Forest and Forest Types
The extent of natural forests in Rajasthan is not only one of the lowest in the country but
also the lowest in terms of productivity of forest. On the contrary the state is endowed with
the largest chunk of wasteland which is about 20% of the total wastelands of the country.
Total forests area of Rajasthan is 32639 km2 forest, which is 9.54 % of the total state’s
geographical area. Reserve Forests constitute 38.16%, Protected Forests 53.36% and
Un-classed Forests 8.48% of the forest area. The present mine lease project falls in Tehsil
Pali, district Pali, Rajasthan, which accounts for a geographical area of 12,387 km2 having
662 km2 forest cover which is 5.34% of the district’s geographical area. A 268 km2 scrub
land is also reported from Pali district which supports a variety of flora and fauna together
with forest land. According to Champion and Seth (1968), the state has 20 forest types
which belong to two forest type groups viz. Sojat is India's largest henna production city.
Tropical Dry Deciduous and Tropical Thorn Forests. Forest land of Sojat Tehsil comes
under the Pali Forest Division which represents following forest types Table 3.25.
Table 3.25 : Forest Types in the Pali Forest Division
Group
1. Tropical
Dry
Deciduous
Forest
Sub-type
a. Anogeissus Pendula
Forest (5B/E1)
Dominant Species
Anogeissus pendula, Boswellia Serreta, Buteo
monosperma, Cassia fistula
b. Boswellia Forest (5B/E2)
Boswellia Serreta, Anogeissus pendula, Acacia
sp., Albezia lebbek
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c. Saline Alkaline Scrub
Savana (5B/E8)
d. Butea Forest (5B/E5)
Tropical Dry
Deciduous
Scrub
2. Tropical
Thorn Forest
Tropical
Thorn Scrub
e. Dry Bamboo Breaks
(5B/E9)
a. Dry Decideous Scrub
(E1/DS1)
Acacia nilotica, Prosopis cineraria, Ziziphus
xylopyrus, Prosopis juliflora
Butea monosperma, Holoptelea integrifolia,
Salvadora persica
Dendrocalamus sp.
Anogeissus pendula, Adhatoda Vasica,
Calotropis gigantean, Datura metel
b. Dry Savannah Forests
(E1/DS2)
Acacia nilotica, Prosopis cineraria, Ziziphus
xylopyrus,Calotropis sp.
c. Euphorbia Scrub (DS3)
Euphorbia sp., Ziziphus sp., Acacia sp.
d. Dry Grassland Forest
(DS4)
a. Desert Thorn Forest
(6B/C1)
Prosopis cineraria, Acacia sp.
a. Zizyphus Scrub (6B/DS1)
b. Tropical Euphorbia Scrub
(6B/DS2)
c. Acacia senegal Forest
(6B/E2
Acacia sp., Acacia nilotica, Prosopis cineraria,
Ziziphus sp., Apluda mutica
Ziziphua sp. Euphorbia hirta
Euphorbia neriifolia, Rhus mysurensis
Acacia senegal, Calotropis sp. Datura sp.
Floristic Objectives
3.9.1.2
Objectives of the present baseline floristic study are as follows:

To inventorize taxonomic diversity of plants in the study area

To assess the plant community structure in the study area

To Determine Importance Value Index and Shannon Wiener Diversity Index for tree,
shrub and herbs present in the study area.
Present study areas comprises of mine lease area along the rivers in Tehsil and area
within 10 km radius of mining zones as per the ToR. Five sampling locations; two in mining
areas (core zone) and three in outer area within the 10 km of core zone (Buffer zone) were
selected for carrying out phyto-sociological surveys of the vegetation and in addition an
inventory of various floristic elements was also prepared by walking different transects
around these sampling sites. In order to understand the composition of the vegetation,
most of the plant species were identified in the field itself whereas the species that could
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not be identified a herbarium specimen was collected along with their photographs for
identification later with the help of available published literature and floras of the region.
Methodology
To understand the community composition of vegetation of the study area, a stratified
random sampling method was used to obtain baseline data. The size and number of
quadrats needed were determined using the species-area curve method (Mishra, 1968).
The sampling consisted with randomly placed quadrats of 10 x 10 m2 for trees, 5 x 5 m2
for shrubs and 1 x 1 m2 for herbs. Quadrats were spatially distributed so as to minimize
the autocorrelation among the vegetation and trap maximum composition. The data on
vegetation were quantitatively analyzed for density, frequency and abundance as per
Curtis & McIntosh (1950). The Importance Value Index (IVI) for trees was determined as
the sum of relative density, relative frequency and relative dominance (Curtis, 1959). Tree
individuals with > 31.5 cm CBH (circumference at breast height i.e., 1.37 m from the
ground) were individually measured for CBH. Data was collected during winter season
(January 2014).
The index of diversity was computed by using Shannon Wiener Diversity Index (Shannon
Wiener, 1963) as: H = - Σ (ni/n) x ln (ni/n) Where, ni is individual density of a species
and n is total density of all the species.
The Evenness Index (E) was calculated by using Shannon's Evenness formula (Magurran,
2004). Evenness Index (E) = H / ln (S) Where, H is Shannon Wiener Diversity index; S
is number of species.
Species richness (SR) was calculated by using Margalef index. Margalef Species
Richness (SR) = S-1/ln(N) Where, S is total number of species and N is total number of
individuals.
Sampling Location
The vegetation sampling was carried out at five different sampling sites the locations which
area are given in Table 3.26.
Table 3.26 : Sampling Location of Floristic Survey
Site
Sampling Location
Zone
S-1
Sukri river
Mining area (core zone)
S-2
Lilri river
Mining area (core zone)
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S-3
Near Dhandheri Village
Surrounding area (buffer zone)
S-4
Near Mandla
Surrounding area (buffer zone)
S-5
Near Sojat Town
Surrounding area (buffer zone)
3.9.1.3
Taxonomic Diversity
Working Plan of Pali Forest Division reports a total of 104 trees, 74 shrubs/herbs, 28
climbers and 40 grasses species. Under present primary survey, a total of 19 trees, 19
shrubs and 21 herbs species was recorded in the study area zone. These plant species
belong to 13, 14 and 10 families of tree, shrub and herb respectively. Fabaceae were the
dominant family in tree, Caesalpiniodeae in shrub and Poaceae in herb flora. Mining zone
(Core zone) of study area represents 3 trees, 9 shrubs and 10 herb species. (Figure 3.18)
Figure 3.18 : Number of families and species in different life forms in the study area
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Community Structure
3.9.1.4
Due to harsh climatic conditions scattered patches of forests have been seen in
the study area and most of these forested areas belong to protected forests and Reserve
forests. Very few individuals of trees (Acacia nilotica Salvadora oleiodes, and Ricinus
communis) were recorded in the mining areas. Shrubs species like Opuntia dilenii, Cassia
tora, and Calotropis gigantea were found distributed in the mining areas whereas
Argemone mexicana and Cannabis sativa were the dominant herbs species recorded in
the core zones of study area.
Phyto-sociological Characters of Plant Species
3.9.1.5
Mining areas (Core zone)
Tree density was recorded as 20 trees ha-1 in sampling location I and 13.33 trees ha-1 in
Site-II. Acacia nilotica was found in both the sampling locations in core zone with highest
IVI (206.30 in Site-I and 160.76 in Site-II) values. Shrub density was recorded as 300
shrubs ha-1 at Site-I and 200 shrubs ha-1 at Site-II while Herb’s density was recorded as
6000 and 4800 herbs ha-1 at Site-I and Site-II respectively (Table 3). Among Shrub flora,
Acacia jacquemontii , Lantana camara, Opuntia dilenii
and Cassia auriulata were
dominant species whereas Cannabis sativa and Argemone mexicana were found in both
sites among herb flora (Table 3.27).
Table 3.27 : Phyto-sociological Characters of Different species recorded in
proposed mining area
S.
N.
Species
Tree
Site-I
1
Acacia nilotica
Den (per
ha)
13.33
2
Ricinus communis
6.67
3
Salvadora oleiodes
Total
Site-II
F (%)
Ab
IVI
13.33
1.00
206.30
6.67
1.00
93.70
20
300.00
Den
(per ha)
6.67
F (%)
Ab
IVI
6.67
1.00
160.76
6.67
6.67
1.00
139.24
13.33
300.00
Shrub
1
Acacia jacquemontii
2
Adhatoda Vasica
40.00
5.00
2.00
61.10
3
Calotropis gigantea
20.00
5.00
1.00
27.27
4
Cassia auriculata
60.00
10.00
1.50
97.19
5
Cassia tora
6
Datura stramonium
20.00
5.00
1.00
25.36
7
Ipomoea sp
60.00
10.00
1.50
89.08
8
Lantana camara
80.00
15.00
1.33
92.96
9
Opuntia dilenii
80.00
10.00
2.00
69.41
Total
300.00
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40.00
15.00
10.00
1.67
1.00
96.67
40.96
300.00
200.00
300.00
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Herb
1
Argemone mexicana
1600.00
8.00
2.00
91.60
400.00
4.00
1.00
19.88
2
Barleria cristata
800.00
4.00
2.00
34.08
3
Cannabis sativa
1600.00
8.00
2.00
91.60
800.00
8.00
1.00
68.06
4
Parthenium hysterophorus
800.00
4.00
2.00
31.11
5
Solanum sp
800.00
4.00
2.00
31.11
6
Solanum xanthocarpum
400.00
4.00
1.00
20.49
7
Apluda mutica
1600.00
12.00
1.33
69.53
8
Echinops echinatus
1200.00
8.00
1.50
100.8
9
Euphorbia granulata
400.00
4.00
1.00
19.88
Heteropogon contortus
400.00
4.00
1.00
21.82
10
Total
6000.00
300.00
4800.00
300.00
Surrounding areas (Buffer zone)
In surrounding area, tree density ranged from 60 to 80 trees ha-1, shrub species density
was recorded between 380 to 460 shrubs ha-1 whereas the herb density values were
found between 9200 to 14000 herbs ha-1. Acacia nilotica and Acacia Senegal were the
dominant species in tree flora having highest IVI value whereas the highest IVI in shrub
species were recorded for Acacia jacquemontii and Xanthium strumarium. In herb flora,
Achyranthes aspera and Barleria cristata achieved highest IVI values. (Table 3.28)
Table 3.28 : Phyto-sociological Characters of Different species recorded around
mining areas
S.
No.
Species
Trees
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Site-I
Site-II
Den
(per ha)
F (%)
Ab
IVI
13
7
2
71
20
13
2
105
Acacia
leucophloea
Acacia
nilotica
Acacia
senegal
Aegle
marmelos
Albezia
lebbek
Azadirachta
indica
Bahunia
variagata
Bombex
Ceiba
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7
7
1
32
7
7
1
29
Den
(per
ha)
F (%)
Site-III
Ab
IVI
27
20
1
110
13
13
1
57
7
7
1
29
7
7
1
42
Den
(per
ha)
F (%)
Ab
IVI
40
27
2
161
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9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Butea
monosperma
Emblica
officinais
Eucalyptus
sp
Moringa
oleifera
Phoenix
sylvestris
Ricinus
communis
Ficus
bengalensis
Prosopis
cineraria
Salvadora
oleiodes
Syzygium
cumini
Ziziphus
xylopyrus
Total
7
7
7
7
1
1
60
7
7
1
24
7
7
1
26
32
30
7
7
1
24
7
7
1
24
300
80
300
80
15
1
80
60
10
2
45
20
5
1
14
80
10
2
77
60
10
2
37
40
5
2
20
20
5
1
14
7
7
1
21
7
7
1
26
7
7
1
22
7
7
1
24
7
7
1
24
7
7
1
22
80
300
Shrubs
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Acacia
jacquemontii
Adhatoda
Vasica
Caesalpinia
bonduc
Calligonum
polygonoides
Calotropis
gigantea
Calotropis
procera
Capparis
decidua
Carissa
carandas
Cassia
auriculata
Crotalaria
burhia
Datura
stramonium
Euphorbia
nivulia
Ipomoea sp
80
5
4
61
60
10
2
46
Lantana
camara
Martynia
annua
Nyctanthes
arbor-tristis
60
10
2
41
20
5
1
12
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
40
10
1
29
80
15
1
52
60
10
2
35
20
5
1
13
80
10
2
47
80
10
2
50
100
10
3
57
60
10
2
43
40
5
2
30
107
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
17
18
Opuntia
dilenii
Xanthium
strumarium
Total
40
10
1
25
100
440
300
380
1600
300
15
2
460
72
300
Herbs
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
Abrus
precatorius
Achyranthes
aspera
Aerva
javanica
Apluda
mutica
Argemone
mexicana
Barleria
cristata
Cannabis
sativa
Cenchrus
ciliaris
Cynodon
dactylon
Echinops
echinatus
Euphorbia
chamaesyce
Euphorbia
granulata
Euphorbia
hirta
Heteropogon
contortus
Parthenium
hysterophoru
s
Saccharum
munja
Solanum sp
1600
4
4
53
1600
8
2
59
Solanum
xanthocarpu
m
Tephrosia
purpurea
Tribulus
terrestris
Vernonia
cinerea
Total
400
8
2
55
2000
12
2
51
1200
8
2
35
2000
16
1
57
1600
8
2
29
400
4
1
16
2800
12
2
77
800
4
2
12
1600
8
2
39
800
4
2
13
1200
8
2
23
1200
8
2
23
800
4
2
12
1200
8
2
20
1200
800
800
10000
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
8
4
4
4
2
2
2
1
1200
8
2
50
1600
4
4
53
1600
8
2
44
1200
4
3
36
1200
8
2
40
800
4
2
23
35
17
17
11
300
9200
300
14000
300
108
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
3.9.1.6
Species Diversity, Evenness and Richness
Mining Areas (Core Zone)
Tree diversity in this zone recorded very low which was as 0.64 and .73 for site-I and SiteII respectively whereas shrub density was found between1.34 to 1.50. Diversity Index for
herb species was recorded between1.63 to 1.69. Highest species richness was recorded
in Site-II for tree (1.44) and shrub (1.74) species whereas it was recorded highest (2.01)
for herb species at site-I. The comparative account of diversity, species richness and
evenness index is showed in Figure 3.19.
Figure 3.19 : Shannon diversity, species Richness and Evenness index in proposed
mining area
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Surrounding areas (Buffer zone)
Shannon diversity index values for tree species was recorded highest (2.08) at Site-II,
Shrub diversity was found highest (2.01) at Site-I whereas highest herb diversity (2.22)
was recorded at sampling Site III. Tree species richness was highest (2.82) at site II & III,
shrub (2.38) at Site-II and herb species richness were found highest (2.53) at site III.
(Figure 3.20)
Figure 3.20 : Shannon diversity, species Richness and Evenness index in surrounding
area
3.9.1.7
Micro Flora
The study area also inventorised for minor floral species. Although these plants area
under-utilized but ecologically equal important. During present study no micro floral
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
species has been recorded in the main rivers as there was no flowing discharge in them.
At some places, Blue-green algae were sighted floating on stagnant water in mining and
influenced area, mainly on d/s of anicuts/reservoir.
3.9.1.8
Economically Important Flora
During present study knowledgeable and elderly persons of study area villages were
interviewed and information on plants parts (wood, seed, bark, leaf & root) used and
indigenous knowledge was gathered. Although the dependency level of the nearby
habitation on forest was found very low but for some species like Prosopis cineraria,
Salvadora oleiodes, Azadirachta indica, Emblica officinais, Eucalyptus sp., Moringa
oleifera, Sapindus mukorossi, Adhatoda Vasica, Cassia tora and Datura. These plants are
utilized in day to day life of local inhabitants. People of study area are using these plant
species for timber, fuel, fodder, food, and making agricultural implements.
3.9.1.9
Rare and Endangered Flora
Commercial and developmental activities like construction of roads, expansion of agriculture
land and harsh climatic conditions for plant life have led to decline of many valuable plant
species and degradation of their habitats. Recorded floral species from the present study
area was assessed for their conservation status by cross-checking with Red Data book of
Indian plants (by Nayar and Sastry, 1987-90) and none of the plant taxa found under RET
category.
3.9.2.
Faunal Diversity
In order to study the wild mammals, avifauna, herpetofauna and insects of the project area
2-5 km transect trails were carried out in the different locations. The study area was divided
into different strata based on vegetation and topography. Sampling for habitat and animals
was done in different strata. As the normal systematic transects for mammals and birds
were not possible in this study area due to difficult terrain, therefore mostly trails were
used for faunal sampling. In addition to the field sampling secondary data and information
was also collected as follows:

Direct sighting and indirect evidences such as calls, signs and trophies of
mammals were recorded along the survey routes taking aid from Prater
(1980).

Interviews of local villagers for the presence and relative abundance of
various animal species within each locality.
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111
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan

The Forest Working Plan of the Forest Division falling in the project area was
referred to for secondary informations on the wildlife of the area.
3.9.2.1
Mammals
Around 2-5 km long transects and trails of different habitation were walked to study the
wild mammalian fauna of the study area. Direct sighting of animals as well as indirect
signs like scat, pellets, pugmarks, scraps, vocalizations, horns etc. were also recorded
during the survey walk. Secondary data as well as information elicited from the locals were
also noted for the presence or absence of the wild animals in the area. Forest Working
Plan of Pali Forest Division has reported 30 species of mammals in the study area and
out of these 8 species were directly and indirectly sighted during this survey. Rhesus
Monkey, Blue Bull, Indian Fox, and Indian Palm Squirrel were sighted frequently during
primary survey. (Table 3.29)
Table 3.29 : Mammalian Fauna Sighted during the primary survey
SN
Name
Rhesus
1 Monkey
2 Blue Bull
Common
3 House Rat
4 Indian Fox
5 Indian Hare
Indian Palm
6 Squirrel
7 Jungle Cat
8 Wild Boar
Scientific Name
Order
Family
Macaca mulatta
Boselaphus
tragocamelus
Primates
Cercopithecidae LC
II
Artiodactyla
Bovidae
LC
III
Rattus rattus
Vulpes
bengalensis
Lepus nigricollis
Funambulus
palmarum
Felis chaus
Sus scrofa
Rodentia
Muridae
LC
V
Carnivora
Canidae
Lagomorpha Leporidae
LC
LC
II
IV
Rodentia
Carnivora
Artiodactyla
LC
LC
LC
IV
II
III
Sciuridae
Felidae
Suidae
CS
Schedule
CS- Conservation Status (IUCN), LC-Least Concern, Schedule (As per WPA, 1972)
Threatened and Endangered Mammals
The animals listed in table above such as Rhesus macaque, Jungle cat, Jackal, Indian
fox, Wild boar, all rats and shrews are reported as least concern category of IUCN Red
Data Book (ver. 3.1). The Indian Wildlife Protection Act (1972) has also scheduled the
animals in various categories for given them varying degree of protection. Among
recorded mammal species, three species were in Schedule II category, two were in
Schedule III, two were in Schedule IV and one was in Schedule V category.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
3.9.2.2
Avifauna
As time constraint and accessibility factors play an important role in conducting the survey,
birds were also sampled on the same transect and trails marked for mammals. Sampling
was carried out on a fixed width trails of 2 km wherever the terrain permitted and point
counts were carried out at a fixed distances at more or less regular intervals. A prismatic
field binocular (10x50) was used for the bird watching during transect walk as well as
during the morning and evening hours nearby the habitation of study area. Birds were
identified with the help of field guide, Birds of Indian Subcontinent by Grimmett, Inskipp
and Inskipp.
By considering the migration large number of birds should have been present in the area
but due to limited surface water sources chances of sighting became rare. As per the
Forest Working Plan, 160 bird species have been reported in the territorial jurisdiction of
htee forest division, of which Peafowl is the only Schedule – I Bird species while the rest
belong to Schedule – IV. The avifauna of study area is comprised of Pigeon and Doves,
Myna, Drongos, Grey Heron etc., and a large portion of avifaunal species is comprised of
resident birds in the project study area which belong to Schedule – IV of WPA, 1972.
Some of them are local residents, while some exhibit widespread migration pattern. Many
bird species of these classes perform altitudinal and local migrations. During the study, 22
bird species has been recorded. Order Passeriformes (36%) and Charadriiformes (18%)
were the largest groups of the birds. The birds recorded from the study area are given in
Table 3.30.
Table 3.30 : Avifauna Sighted during the primary survey
S.
No.
Name
Scientific Name
Order
Habit
1
House Sparrow
Passer domesticus
Passeriformes
R
2
Bank Myna
Acridotheres ginginianus
Passeriformes
R
3
Black Drongo
Dicrurus macrocercus
Passeriformes
R
4
Black-winged Stilt
Himantopus himantopus
Charadriiformes
WV
5
Common Myna
Acridotheres tristis
Passeriformes
R
6
Common Peafowl
Pavo cristatus
Galliformes
R
7
Common Pigeon
Columba livia
Columbiformes
R
8
Eurasian Curlew
Numenius arquata
Charadriiformes
WV
9
Goose Greylag
Anser anser
Anseriformes
WV
10
Grey Heron
Ardea cinerea
Pelecaniformes
R
11
House Crow
Corvus splendens
Passeriformes
R
12
Indian Courser
Cursorius coromandelicus
Charadriiformes
R
13
Indian Pond Heron
Ardeola grayii
Pelecaniformes
R
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
14
Indian Robin
Saxicoloides fulicatus
Passeriformes
R
15
Indian Roller
Coracias benghalensis
Coraciiformes
R
16
Indian Silverbill
Euodice malabarica
Passeriformes
R
17
Little Egretta
Egretta garzetta
Ciconiiformes
R
18
Pintail Duck
Anas acuta
Anseriformes
WV
19
Red-vented Bulbul
Pycnonotus cafer
Passeriformes
R
20
River Tern
Sterna arantia
Charadriiformes
R
21
Spotted Dove
Stigmatopelia chinensis
Columbiformes
R
22
Weaver Bird
Ploceus philippinus
Passeriformes
R
R-Resident, WV-Winter Visitor
Migratory Pattern
Migration is the best studied of animal behaviors, yet few empirical studies have tested
hypotheses explaining the ultimate causes of these cyclical annual movements. Fretwell's
(1980) hypothesis predicts that if nest predation explains why many tropical birds migrate
uphill to breed, then predation risk must be negatively associated with elevation. The
proportion of nests depredated by different types of predators differed among elevations.
In present study, 18 bird species were local resident species while other 4 were recorded
as winter visitors. (Table 3.30)
3.9.2.3
Herpetofauna
The herpetofauna were also sampled on the same transect marked for mammals. The
sampling was also carried along river banks and the sampling was repeated during night
following the time constraint Visual Encounter Rates (VES) method was adopted. Four
species of lizard i.e. Common House Gecko (Hemidactylus brookii), Leopard gecko
(Eublepharis macularius), and Common garden lizard (Calotes versicolor) Indian
chameleon (Chamaeleo zeylanicus) were sighted from the study area during the survey.
However rat snake was reported by the villagers during consultation. As per Forest
Working Plan of Pali forest division 8 species of reptiles and 4 species of amphibian have
been reported. However during study period the following species of Herpetofauna were
noticed. (Table 3.31)
Table 3.31 : Herpetofauna recorded from the project area
S.
No. Name
Reptiles
Common House Gecko
1
2
Leopard gecko
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Scientific Name
Order
Family
Hemidactylus frenatus
Squamata
Gekkonidae
Eublepharis macularius
Squamata
Gekkonidae
114
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Common garden lizard
3
4
Indian chameleon
5
Oriental ratsnake
Amphibians
Comman Indian Toad
1
Marbled Toad
2
Indian Bull Frog
3
Calotes versicolor
Squamata
Agamidae
Chamaeleo zeylanicus
Ptyas mucosus
Squamata
Squamata
Chamaeleonidae
Colubridae
Bufo melanostictus
Bufo stomaticus
Rana tigerina
Anura
Anura
Anura
Bufonidae
Bufonidae
Dicrdglossidae
Fish and Fisheries
3.9.2.4
Fishes are the integral component of stream and rivers which are not only the best sources
of food and animal protein for the human population but provides a source of income for
the local inhabitants. The people use captured fishes for their consumption and in some
cases to sell in local markets as an alternative means for procurement of foods and other
requirement of daily needs. Although primary fisheries survey was not conducted during
the primary study in post monsoon when the river were dry as there was no discharge in
the river(s) which only flow during monsoon. Some secondary informations has been
gathered about fisheries are available in the exising ponds/reservoir. Forest Working Plan
reported six species listed below. (Table 3.32)
Table 3.32 : Fish species reported from the project area
S.
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
3.9.3.
Name
Catla
Rohu
Bata
Lanchi
Singhi
Singhara
Scientific Name
Catla catla
Labeo rohita
L. Bata
Wallago attu
Heteropneustes fossilis
M. Seenghala
Order
Cypriniformes
Cypriniformes
Cypriniformes
Siluriformes
Siluriformes
Siluriformes
Family
Cyprinidae
Cyprinidae
Cyprinidae
Siluridae
Heteropneustidae
Bagridae
CS
LC
LC
NE
NT
LC
NE
Protected Areas
The lease area is a linear area along different ephemeral river(s) like Sukri, Lilri, Guhiya
and Rediya which cover a longitudinal profile of 91 km, 45.5 km, 40 km and 28 km
respectively in the Tehsil. Sukri river and its tributaries Lilri and Modiya Nala originate from
the Aravali ranges and flow from East to West in Tehsil Sojat. The upper most extremity
of the lease area along these rivers begins after these have debouched from the Aravali
range to the plain land of the Tehsil and is close to the Todgarh Raoli Wildlife Sanctuary,
located in the Aravali range constituting the eastern boundaries of tehsil Raipur, Sojat,
Kharchi (Marwar Jn.) and Desuri and shares boundary with district Ajmer, Rajsamand
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
(Erstwhile Udaipur). The nearest revenue village Gajini, Khakara, Ladpura and Raira
Kalan which lie in the lease area along Sukri river, Modiya Nadi, Lilri Nadi and Guriya Nadi
are 1 km, 1 km, 4 km and 6.5 km away from the western boundary of Todgarh Raowli
Wildlife Sanctuary. It is thus evident that some stretches of the mine lease area along the
rivers fall within 10 km from the periphery of the western boundary of Todgarh Raoli
Wildlife Sanctuary.
Todgarh Raoli WLS has been established vide Rajasthan Government Gazette
Notification No. 11/56/Raj/Group-8/82 dated 28-9-1983. The sanctuary has a total aerial
extent of 495.27 ha and spatially covers the reserve forest of Aravali range stretch sharing
boundary with district Ajmer, Pali and Rajsamand (Erstwhile Udaipur). The distict – wise
apportionment of the area under WLS is given below:
Table 3.33 : Distict – wise apportionment of the area under WLS
S.
No.
1
District
Tehsil
Ajmer
Beawar
2
Pali
Raipur
Sojat
Kharchi
(Marwar Jn.)
Devgarh
Bhim
3
Rajsamand
Total
Area
(sq.km.)
91.52
230.25
173.50
SoI Toposheet
No.
45K/1, 45G/13
and 45 G/14
45G/13, 45G/14,
45G/15 and
45K/1
45G/13, 45G/14
and 45G/15
495.27
As of now no ESZ has been notified in respect of the sanctuary. Besides Todgarh Raoli
Sanctuary there are no Biosphere Reserves, Wildlife Corridors, Tiger/Elephant
Reserves/(existing as well as proposed), within 10 km of the mine lease. Location of the
Todgarh Raoli Wildlife Sanctuary vis-à-vis the revenue villages covered within 10 km
distance from the boundary of WLS is marked in SoI Toposheet No. 45 G/13. (Figure
3.21)
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Figure 3.21 : Location of the Todgarh Raoli Wildlife Sanctuary vis-à-vis mine lease area
3.10.
Socio-Economic Environment
3.10.1.
District Profile
Pali district, situated in north eastern part of Rajasthan under Jodhpur division, has
geographical area of 12330 km2. It ranks 9th in comparison to the other districts of the
Rajasthan in terms of the area. The district is divided in ten subdivisions namely Pali,
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Rohat, Bali, Sojat, Marwar Junction, Jaitaran, Rani, Raipur, Sumerpur and Desuri. There
are 10 tehsils, 10 Panchayat samities & 357 patwar circles 1052 revenue villages and 320
gram Panchayats for better decentralization of the power. In the district there are 06
assembly seats and 01 parliament seat. The demographic, administrative and other
statistical data of the district is given in Table 3.34.
Table 3.34 : Pali District at a Glance
S.No
Particular
1.
Geographical features
(A)
Geographical Data
i) Latitude
Year
Unit
24.750 to 26.4830(N)
72.7830 to 74.300(E)
ii) Longitude
(B)
2.
(A)
(B)
3.
iii) Geographical Area
Administrative Units
i) Sub divisions
ii) Tehsils
iii) Sub-Tehsil
iv) Patwar Circle
v) Panchayat Simitis
vi) Nagar nigam
vii) Nagar Palika
viii) Gram Panchayats
xi) Revenue villages
x) Assembly Area
Population
Sex-wise
i) Male
ii) Female
Rural Population
Agriculture
Land utilization
i) Total Area
ii) Forest cover
iii) Non Agriculture Land
2011
Sq. KM.
Nos.
5.
A.
B.
Forest
Forest
Livestock & Poultry
Cattle
i) Cows
ii) Buffaloes
Other livestock
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
12387
10
10
8
357
10
1
7
320
1052
6 MLAs & 1MP
2011
Nos.
1025895
1012638
1578682
2010-11
ha
iv) cultivable Barren land
4.
Statistics
ha
1233079
86536
58485
43760
2010-11
2007
ha
86536
Nos.
354698
315125
118
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
i) Goats
ii) Pigs
iii) Dogs & Bitches
6.
A.
B.
7.
8.
9.
10.
700183
6505
41372
Transport
Railways
Length of rail line
Roads
(a) National Highway
(b) State Highway
(c) Main District Highway
(d) Other district & Rural
Roads
(e) Rural road/ Agriculture
Marketing Board Roads
(f) Kacha Road
Communication
(a) Telephone connection
(b) Post offices
(c) Telephone center
(d )Density of Telephone
(e) Density of Telephone
(f) PCO Rural
(g) PCO STD
(h) Mobile
Public Health
(a) Allopathic Hospital
(b) Beds in Allopathic hospitals
(c) Ayurvedic Hospital
(d) Beds in Ayurvedic
hospitals
(e) Unani hospitals
(f) Community health centers
(g) Primary health centers
(h) Dispensaries
(i) Sub Health Centers
(j) Private hospitals
Banking Commercial 2010-11
(a) Commercial Bank
(b) Rural Bank
(c) Co-Operative bank
(d) PLDB Branches
Education 2010-11
(a) Primary school
(b) Middle schools
(c) Secondary & senior
secondary schools
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
2010-11
Km
1232
2010-11
2010-11
2010-11
2010-11
Km
Km
Km
Km
258.70
608.00
300.00
3102.02
2010-11
Km
408.55
2010-11
Km
--
2010-11
2010-11
2010-11
2010-11
Nos.
Nos.
Nos.
Nos./1000 person
89495
374
146
43.90
2010-11
2010-11
2010-11
2010-11
2010-11
No. per KM.
No.
No.
No.
7.22
1167
1374
--
No.
No.
No.
No.
5
600
6
127
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
7
13
71
6
8
3
Nos.
Nos.
Nos.
Nos.
63
77
41
04
Nos.
Nos.
Nos.
1164
1408
507
119
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
(d) Colleges
(e) Technical University
(f) Professional Educational
Institute
3.10.2.
Nos.
Nos.
Nos.
17
-11
Socio-economic assessment in the Study area
The development projects are invariably planned based on the availability of exploitable
natural resources. These projects attract flow of finances, investments, jobs and other
livelihood opportunities, which brings in people from different cultural and social
background. Such planned activities not only provide impetus to the local economy but
also bring about a multi-dimensional economic, social and cultural change. Most often it
has been observed that such development projects are commissioned in economically
and socially backward areas, which are inhabited by some of the indigenous populations.
Review of secondary data, such as District Census Statistical Handbooks-2011 and the
records of National Informatics Center data, for the parameters of demography,
occupational structure of people within the study area which mainly comprises of the
villages, where the mine lease area is located along the river(s) of Tehsil as per revenue
records. The information in this context was gathered on the following socio-economic
parameters viz.
• Demographic profile
• Educational levels
• Occupational Profile
• Cropping pattern
• Other socio-economic parameters
3.10.3.
Demographic Profile of Study Area
Population
There are 109 rural villages and 1 Urban Town (Sojat) in study area falling in tehsil Sojat
of district Pali. Total Population of the Study area as per Census of India, 2011, is 195930
.The total number of Households are 41652. The total Male and Female population of the
Study area is 98128 and 97802 respectively. The Village-wise demographic details are
given in Table 3.35.
Table 3.35 : Village-wise details of population
Tehsi
l
Sojat
Village
Abkai Ki Dhani
Ajeetpura
Atpara
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
No. of Household
149
106
1340
Total
Population
782
420
5938
Male
Population
399
190
2899
Female
Population
383
230
3039
120
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Bagri
Bagawas
Vaidhnath
Mahadev Nagar
Bariyala
Basna
Basni Surayta
Bhaniya
Bhanwar Bhata
Bhaisana
Bijliyawas
Bilawas
Butelao
Chundlai
Chandasani
Charwas
Chandawal
Chamdiyak
Chopra
Dadi
Deoli Hulla
Deo Nagar
Dhangarwas
Dhakri
Dhandheri
Dheenawas
Dhurasani
Dornari
Dhoondha Lambodi
Gagura
Gajnai
Godelao
Gurha Bachhraj
Guda Bhadawatan
Guda Beeja
Guda Chatura
Guda Kalan
Guda Ramsingh
Guda Shyama
Hapat
Haripur
Hariya Mali
Heerawas
Hingawas
Jhupelao
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
2374
356
10509
1828
5115
872
5394
956
110
78
494
27
292
53
400
117
861
330
222
133
371
1460
160
405
165
342
135
320
617
316
432
273
362
118
349
202
120
137
109
386
182
492
323
208
283
71
531
131
171
288
419
427
2115
136
1547
253
1685
577
3667
1436
1217
665
1806
7019
907
2161
788
1567
626
1558
2685
1429
1897
1466
1554
552
1354
994
627
653
490
1708
799
2476
1362
946
1334
353
2481
583
647
1481
212
207
1032
76
823
131
804
302
1777
716
621
359
911
3442
473
1107
386
748
302
815
1316
720
915
732
714
269
669
508
338
329
237
868
405
1245
668
448
663
180
1243
277
290
745
207
220
1083
60
724
122
881
275
1890
720
596
306
895
3577
434
1054
402
819
324
743
1369
709
982
734
840
283
685
486
289
324
253
840
394
1231
694
498
671
173
1238
306
357
736
121
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Kanawas
Karmawas
Kharnikhera
Kelwad
Ker Khera
Khakhra
Khamal
Khariya Neev
Khariya Soda
Khariya Swami
Khera Nabra
Khejari Ka Bala
Khokhara
Lanera
Ladpura
Lakhan Ka Khet
Lundawas
Malpuriya Kalan
Malpuriya Khurd
Mamawas
Mandla
Meo
Morawas
Murdawa
Nai Dhani
Napawas
Nathal Kundi
Naya Gaon
Pachchwa Khurd
Pachunda Kalan
Pachunda Khurd
Panchwa Kalan
Peeplad
Potaliya
Pokariya Nadi
Ramasani Sandwan
Ramasanibala
Rayara Kalan &
Khurd
Rendari
Reprawas
Roopnagar
Rupawas
Roondiya
Salarmal
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
132
481
149
378
72
54
329
653
234
123
89
61
543
341
159
141
190
125
106
143
480
248
189
201
135
78
85
321
182
367
216
194
376
167
112
246
365
596
1938
732
1644
328
239
1706
2943
1105
558
479
333
2561
1882
737
664
910
596
481
575
2134
1089
920
883
492
371
356
1441
960
1719
909
1102
1686
688
605
1368
1559
297
921
364
786
148
115
911
1445
562
287
263
159
1249
949
368
364
458
286
222
276
1081
588
446
448
229
189
154
728
491
855
422
554
785
352
312
722
777
299
1017
368
858
180
124
795
1498
543
271
216
174
1312
933
369
300
452
310
259
299
1053
501
474
435
263
182
202
713
469
864
487
548
901
336
293
646
782
698
323
397
102
469
271
114
3167
1451
1973
449
2170
1358
696
1554
719
1031
210
1041
697
349
1613
732
942
239
1129
661
347
122
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Sand Magra
Sandiya
Sarangwas
Sardar Samand
Sardarpura
Shiv Nagar
Shivpura
Singpura
Sisarwada
Siyat
Sobrawas
Sohan Nagar
Sojat (Rural)
Sandarda
Surayta
Tharasani
Udeshi Kua
Birawas
Sojat (M)
Total
96
905
254
277
154
72
410
146
348
784
85
64
310
127
606
307
280
89
8598
41652
484
4136
1114
1269
819
390
1944
722
1498
3239
412
364
1432
642
2833
1516
1233
383
43023
195930
249
1993
524
657
407
209
1005
358
734
1578
209
197
729
310
1441
824
595
179
22268
98128
235
2143
590
612
412
181
939
364
764
1661
203
167
703
332
1392
692
638
204
20755
97802
Sex Ratio
The Sex Ratio of the Study area is 997 Female / 1000 Male which is more than 987, the
consolidated figure for the district.
SC / ST Population
As far as the social fabric is concerned, the cast-wise distribution in the study area is
constituted by SC/ST and General Category of which the scheduled caste population
constitutes 22.5 % and the scheduled tribe 0.4% of the total population of the study area.
A graphical presentation of SC/ST Population in study area with sex wise break-up is given
in Figure 3.22 and Figure 3.23 respectively
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
123
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Male
Female
80000
70000
60000
50000
40000
30000
20000
10000
0
150991
44164
775
General
SC
ST
Figure 3.22 : Sex wise SC, ST and General Population in Study Area
SC/ST/General Population
SC Population
23%
ST Population
0%
General
Population
77%
Figure 3.23 : Percentage wise break up of SC, ST and General Population in Study Area
Literacy Rate
Literacy level is quantifiable indicator to assess the development status of any area or
region. The Literacy Rate of the study area is 54.5% of which male and female literate are
67.3% and 41.6% of respective male female population. The illiterates are 45.5% of the
total population of which female illiterates are 58.4%. The graphical presentation of both
sexes of literates and illiterates in study area is given in Figure 3.24
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
124
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Literates Population
Illiterates Population
120000
100000
80000
60000
40000
20000
0
Total
Male
Female
Figure 3.24 : Gender-wise Distribution of Literate and Illiterate in Study Area
3.10.4.
Economic Profile
The majority of people in rural sector are cultivators & agricultural labours which indicates
dominant agricultural economy. A small section of people are engaged as workers in
household industries. But in urban sector the existing scenario is completely reversed as
most of the people there are engaged in non-agricultural activity especially in industrial
sector, local hotels/restaurants and as drivers some people also operates their
vans/jeeps/cars as tourist vehicle.
3.10.5.
Occupation Pattern
Occupational pattern of the concerned study area are recorded to assess skills of people.
Occupational pattern also helps in identifying dominating economic activity in the area. In
the study area the main and marginal workers are 32% and 12% respectively of the total
population while the remaining 56% constitutes non-workers. (Figure 3.25)
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
125
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Workers Scenario
Main Workers
32%
Non Workers
56%
Marginal
Workers
12%
Figure 3.25 : Workers Scenario of the Area
Main Workers:
The main workers composition is made up of Casual Labours (37%), Agricultural Workers
(27%), Household workers (3%) and other workers 33% respectively (Figure 3.26).
Main Workers
Other Workers
33%
Casual Workers
37%
Agricultural
Workers
27%
Household
Workers
3%
Figure 3.26 : Distribution of Main Workers
Marginal Workers:
The marginal workers which constitute 12% of the total population, comprise of Casual
Labour (19%), Agricultural Labour (64%), Households (2%) and other workers (15%) of
the total Marginal Worker respectively. (Table 3.27)
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
126
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Marginal Workers
Other Workers
15%
Household
Workers
2%
Casual Workers
19%
Agricultural
Workers
64%
Figure 3.27 : Distribution of Marginal Workers
3.10.6.
Infrastructure
Education facilities
Education acts as the building block for a society. It determines the social behavior of the
person or the society as a whole. Proper education leads to the upliftment of society by
creating awareness towards the changes and their impacts on their lives. It also
determines the living standard and the thought of a society. Educational standard and the
occupation / occupational efficiency are positively correlated. This also corresponds to the
economic status of the person or the community as a whole.
The education levels among the villages varied from being illiterate to being
postgraduates. As all villages have at least a primary school, the literacy levels are high
among the younger generation. Most of the elderly people were either illiterate or had not
studied beyond Class X. Most of the younger people had however, studied till Class X at
least. There were a few graduates.
Infrastructure is an important indicator of level of development and the potential for future
growth in particular area. The quality of school largely depends upon the type of
infrastructure available. The education network in the district as on 2012-13 is shown in
Table 3.36.
Table 3.36 : Educational Network In The District
S. No.
PARTICULARS
GOVT.
PRIVATE
TOTAL
1.
Primary Schools
994
149
1143
2.
Middle Schools
868
582
1450
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
127
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
3.
Secondary Schools
298
136
434
4.
Sr. Sec. Schools
153
63
216
5.
CBSC
-
10
10
6.
Colleges (prof. edu. Inst.,
7
Polytech. Coll. & degree colleges.)
40
47
There are 122 Primary School, 52 Middle School, 15 Secondary Schools and 4 Senior
Secondary Schools in 103 villages in study area. Higher education facilities are available
in district headquarters Pali.
Health facilities
The network of medical facilities in the district as on March 2013 is given in Table 3.37.
Table 3.37 Network of Medical And Public health Centres In The District
S. No.
Particulars
Nos.
1
District Hospital (Pali)
1
2
Sub District Hospital (Sojat)
1
3
Community Health Centers
17
4
Aid Post
-
5
Upgraded Sub Centers
-
6
Sub Centers
488
7
Primary Health Centers
73
8
Urban Family Planning Centers
-
Besides district hospital at pali, there are 1 allopathic and 1 ayurvedic hospital, 1
allopathic, 6 ayurvedic and 1 homeopathic dispensary, 32 Primary Health Centre and 40
Primary Health Sub-centres in the study Area. However, several private medical
practitioner and community health workers are also available.
Drinking Water facilities
Villagers mostly depend on groundwater resource fordrinking/domestic water by various
means such as hand pumps (64 villages), well water (76 villages) and tank Water (61
villages). Tap water facilities by the state department has been provided in 68 villages.
Communication Facilities
As on 31st March 2013, the network of communication facilities in the district comprises of
2 Head Post Office, 54 Sub- Post Office and 318 branch offices. There are 105 telephone
exchanges besides 39527 basic telephone connections and 988 PCOs in the district. In
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
128
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
the study area there are 37 post offices. As regards basic telecommunication 1636
Telephone connections exist.
Banking Facilities
Commercial banking facilities are available in the district. As on 31st March 2013 there
were 206 branches of different banks. The State Bank of Bikaner and Jaipur is the Lead
Bank of the district. 18 Banks and 53 Credit Societies operate in the study area.
Electricity
The district does not have any power generating station. It gets power from Bhilwara,
Bilara and Beawar through 132 KV transmission lines. There two of 220 KV GSS and 9
Nos. Numbers of Grid Sub-Station of 132 KV and 123 Nos. of 33 KV sub-station and
20896 Nos. of 11 KV sub- station in the district. The total length of transmission lines of
33 KV single and double circuit is about 1444 km while 11 KV single circuit line is 9456
km. All villages in the study area are electrified. Comprehensive List of Infrastructures
present in the Study Area as per Census records 2001 is given inTable 3.38.
Table 3.38 : Comprehensive List of Infrastructures present in the Study Area
Villag
e:
Aaichi
ya
Akraw
as
Purohi
tan
Akeli
Bader
Ka
Was
Bagari
ya
Bala
Balela
o
Balrai
Baniy
awas
Pri
m
ar
y
Sc
ho
ol
M
id
dl
e
Sc
h
o
ol
Sec
on
dar
y
Sch
ool
Hig
her
Sec
on
dar
y
Sch
ool
Co
lle
ge
Ho
spi
tal
Dis
pen
sar
y
P
H
C
P
H
S
C
Dri
nk
in
g
w
at
er
fac
ilit
ies
P
o
st
O
ff
ic
e
Tel
eph
one
Con
nec
tio
n
Com
muni
catio
n
facilit
ies
Bu
s
se
rvi
ce
s
B
a
n
k
Cr
ed
it
So
ci
et
y
Ap
pr
oa
ch
Pa
ve
d
Ro
ad
Po
w
er
su
pp
ly
fa
cili
tie
s
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
A
0
1
N
NI
0
0
NA
A
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
A
0
0
4
0
N
Y
NI
Y
0
0
0
0
NA
A
A
A
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
A
0
4
Y
Y
0
0
A
A
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
A
A
0
0
9
1
Y
Y
Y
Y
0
0
0
0
A
A
A
A
1
2
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
AY
0
0
0
1
A
A
0
1
1
1
Y
Y
Y
Y
0
1
1
1
A
A
A
A
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
0
Y
Y
0
0
A
A
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
129
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Bham
bolai
Bhalel
ao
Bhang
esar
Bhan
wri
Bhaw
nagar
Boma
dara
Budh
wara
Busi
Chanc
hori
Chang
wa
Chaw
arda
Dayal
pura
Denda
Dingai
Deeri
Giradr
a
Jageer
Giradr
a
Khalsa
Girwa
r
Goda
was
Gura
Endla
Gura
Bichch
hu
Guragi
rdhari
Gura
Khuni
Gura
Narkh
an
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
1
Y
Y
0
0
NA
A
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
1
Y
Y
0
0
NA
A
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
A
1
0
Y
Y
1
1
A
A
2
1
1
0
0
0
AY
0
1
A
1
50
Y
Y
1
0
A
A
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
1
Y
Y
0
0
NA
A
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
A
1
1
Y
Y
0
0
A
A
1
5
0
2
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
AY
0
2
0
1
A
A
0
1
N
Y
NI
Y
0
2
0
1
NA
A
A
A
3
2
1
0
0
0
AY
0
1
A
1
1
41
11
9
Y
Y
1
7
A
A
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
A
0
5
Y
Y
0
0
NA
A
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
6
Y
Y
0
0
A
A
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
AY
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
A
A
A
A
1
1
1
1
2
1
23
1
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
A
0
10
Y
Y
0
0
A
A
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
A
1
20
Y
Y
1
1
A
A
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
1
Y
Y
0
0
NA
A
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
A
0
1
Y
Y
0
0
NA
A
2
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
1
15
Y
Y
1
1
A
A
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
5
Y
Y
0
0
NA
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
0
N
NI
0
0
NA
A
N
A
1
0
0
0
0
0
AY
0
0
A
0
0
N
NI
0
0
NA
A
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
6
Y
Y
0
0
A
A
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
130
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Gura
Pratap
singh
Gura
Soniga
ra
Gulab
pura
Gund
oj
Gurda
i
Hema
was
Hirank
huri
Indra
Nagar
Jaitpu
ra
Jawari
ya
Kanda
ra
Kanla
o
Keerw
a
Kenpu
ra
Kerla
Kherw
a
Khati
Khera
Khor
Lambi
ya
Mand
al
Madri
Manih
ari
Mulia
was
Nadan
a
Bhata
n
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
0
Y
Y
0
0
NA
A
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
1
Y
Y
0
0
NA
A
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
A
0
Y
Y
0
1
A
A
3
1
1
0
0
1
AY
1
0
A
1
10
25
0
Y
Y
2
1
A
A
1
1
0
0
0
0
AY
0
0
A
0
1
Y
Y
0
0
A
A
3
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
A
1
17
Y
Y
1
1
A
A
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
1
N
NI
0
0
A
A
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
0
Y
Y
0
0
A
A
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
3
Y
Y
0
0
A
A
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
1
Y
Y
0
0
A
A
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
1
Y
Y
0
0
A
A
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
A
0
6
N
NI
0
0
A
A
1
1
1
0
0
0
AY
0
1
A
1
35
Y
Y
0
1
A
A
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
A
0
1
8
8
N
Y
NI
Y
0
0
0
0
NA
A
A
A
3
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
A
1
60
Y
Y
2
2
A
A
0
3
0
2
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
AY
0
0
0
1
A
A
0
1
1
42
N
Y
NI
Y
0
1
0
1
A
A
A
A
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
A
1
1
Y
Y
0
1
A
A
2
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
A
A
1
0
52
1
Y
Y
Y
Y
1
0
1
0
A
A
A
A
2
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
1
23
Y
Y
1
1
A
A
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
1
Y
Y
0
0
A
A
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
1
14
Y
Y
0
1
NA
A
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
131
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Nawa
gura
Nimba
ra
Neem
bli
Urra
Neem
bala
Khera
Padarl
a
Padarl
i
Turka
n
Parasl
a
Kalan
Parasl
a
Khurd
Pena
wa
Ramp
ura
Rawal
was
Rauna
gar
Roopa
was
Sedari
ya
Sakda
ra
Sankr
awas
Saali
Siyat
Sapoo
ni
Ramas
iya
Total
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
5
Y
Y
0
0
NA
A
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
5
Y
Y
0
0
A
A
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
A
1
10
Y
Y
0
1
A
A
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
0
Y
Y
0
0
A
A
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
1
Y
Y
0
0
A
A
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
7
N
NI
0
0
NA
A
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
2
Y
Y
0
1
A
A
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
1
Y
Y
0
0
NA
A
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
1
Y
Y
0
0
NA
A
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
3
Y
Y
0
1
A
A
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
1
N
NI
0
0
A
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
1
N
NI
0
0
NA
A
N
A
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
A
1
23
Y
Y
0
1
A
A
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
5
Y
Y
0
0
A
A
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
A
0
1
Y
Y
0
0
A
A
1
2
2
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
A
A
A
0
0
1
0
1
35
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
0
0
0
0
0
1
NA
NA
A
A
A
A
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
A
1
6
Y
Y
0
0
NA
A
1
10
4
0
3
7
0
0
0
0
0
-
0
3
2
A
-
0
1
8
A
1
3
98
0
Y
0
0
2
6
Y
2
0
2
8
A
13
0
10
AY
-
-
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
7
-
132
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
3.10.7.
Crop Rotation
As per Agro-Climate Zone (NARP), the district has been categorized as transitional plain
of Luni Basin Zone (RJ-4) and is covered under western dry region IV as per agro-climate
zone (Planning Commission). The district has arid to semi-arid climate. It is drained by
integrated drainage system of Luni basin. The rivers draining through the district are
ephemeral in nature and flows during monsoon. The run-off of the river(s) is intercepted
at many places through storage dam, medium earthen dams, small tanks for the drinking
as well as irrigation purposes. Small anicuts across the rivers have been erected for
impounding water for multipurpose use besides ground water harvesting. Sandy soil with
severe erosion, salinity and shallow skeletal soils are major limiting factors affecting crop
choice in the region. The major Kharif crops grownare maize, millets while during Rabi
wheat, barley and oil seeds are grown. The area both irrigated and un-irrigated during
Kharif and Rabi Crops (2010-11) in the district is shown in Table 3.39 and the productivity
of principal crops is shown in Table 3.40.
Table 3.39 : Area irrigated and un-irrigated under Kharif and Rabi Crops
Major Field
S.No. Crops cultivated
(2010-11)
1
Pearl millet
2
Cluster bean
3
Moth bean
4
Green gram
5
Sorghum
6
Sesame
7
Cow pea
8
Groundnut
9
Castor
10
Cotton
11
Mustard
12
Wheat
13
Cumin
14
Barley
15
Gram
16
Taramira
Fenu greek
17
(Methi)
18
Fennel
Total area (ha)
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
Kharif Area (ha)
Irrigated
Rainfed
Total
13295
93131
106426
5290
10190
15480
220
6700
6920
1600
10300
11900
2000
4515
6515
150
8900
9050
120
7200
7320
50
250
300
1200
920
2120
1395
1015
2410
25320
143121
168441
Rabi Area (ha)
Irrigated Rainfed Total
9175
275
9450
10972
120
11092
7300
90
7390
8500
1500
10000
6095
1710
7805
595
1276
1871
3200
1720
47557
150
350
5471
3350
2070
53028
133
Total
106426
15480
6920
11900
6515
9050
7320
300
2120
2410
9450
11092
7390
10000
7805
1871
3350
2070
221469
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Table 3.40 : Productivity of Principal Crops
S.No.
Kharif-2011
Name of crop
Production
(Qtl)
Rabi -2011 - 12
Productiv
Production
ity
(Qtl)
(kg/ha)
Pearl millet
Green gram
Moth bean
Cluster bean
467610
303530
14170
358740
Productivity
(kg/ha)
540
310
201
166
Groundnut
252011
1740
6
Castor
30312
635
7
Sesame
458820
280
8
Cotton
26410
2100
9
Sorghum
546660
510
10
Chillies
271115
620
11
Cowpea
282110
199
12
Mustard
915990
1390
13
Wheat
1382710
1789
14
Isabgol
2011
421
15
Cumin
25630
642
16
Taramira
275920
1120
17
Gram
293690
862
18
Barley
73110
1799
19
Onion
104520
1520
20
Garlic
92150
1621
21
Funnel
17900
1820
22
Fenugreek
16110
1615
3.10.8.
Industries
1
2
3
4
5
The break-up of exiting SSI and MSME registered with the district industries given in Table
3.41.
Table 3.41 : Group-wise Details of SSI and MSME Registered Units
Sr.
Industrial Category
Number
of Units
Employment
in No.
1369
4157
01
12
1.
Agro based Industries
2.
Beverages & Tobacco based Industry
3.
Textile Industries
1453
11178
4.
Handloom
236
473
5.
Leather Based
3481
7881
6.
Wooden based
970
2733
7.
Paper based
07
46
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
134
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
8.
Rubber Plastic Petroleum & Chemical
238
928
Based
9.
Mineral Based
1550
7333
10.
Basic Metal and Non-ferrous Metal based &
Fabricated Metal Products
945
3901
11.
Machinery and Machine Tools Based
13
84
12.
Electrical Industry/Machinery Appliances
09
49
13.
Transport & Equipment and Part
-
-
14.
Misc. Mfg. Industries
2513
8157
15
Service & Repairing & Alls. Type
1952
5663
14737
52595
Total
Source: - DIC – Pali
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
135
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
CHAPTER 4.
4.1.
: Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation
Measures
Introduction
With the commissioning of the mining activities of the proposed project, it is expected that
there shall be certain changes in the overall environmental matrix of the area. The base line
data of the existing environment, in the absence of proposed project activities, provides the
status of natural environment and when this is evaluated in conjunction with the proposed
activities it further provides a mechanism for prediction of changes likely to happen. In
present study likely impact and its extent on various environmental parameters viz.
topography and drainage, land, water, hydrology, noise, air, ecological and socio-economics
were undertaken by assessing the baseline environmental status of the area and estimation
were made as how this will change with commencement of project activity. The mitigation
measures have been developed with a view to bring down the levels of impacts within limits.
In each of the areas of impact, measures have to be taken to mitigate adverse impacts and
where these are beneficial in nature such impacts are to be enhanced/augmented so that the
overall adverse impacts are reduced to substantial extent.
4.2.
Impacts on Topography and Drainage
4.2.1.
Topography
The core zone i.e. the proposed mine lease area is confined within the flow section of various
stream/river/bala. The riverbed is consolidated matrix of sand/silt/clay/bajri lying in main
stream sections and low terraces of flood plain of the river. The mining activity in the riverbed
by creating pits per se shall not lead to any change in the local topography of the area as the
pits dug in pervious year shall be fully or partially replenished during flood in following years.
There will be no formation of overburden dumps. Thus there will be no change in topography
of either core or buffer zone.
4.2.2.
Drainage
Ephemeral stream/river network flow in their defined flow section during monsoon through
mine lease area within tehsil. Besides main streams there are other very small streams,
locally known as Bala, flow in the mine lease area. The mining activities in Main River shall
not cut any lower order stream as these are non-existents and there shall be no impact in the
flow course of main streams, because these flow within their channel storage. Since the
mining activity shall not be carried out during monsoon and in the wake of the fact that 90%
of the time of the year the rivers are dry. No temporary diversion of discharge of main rivers
or any of their interlacing is warranted for facilitating mining. Otherwise also the mining of dry
riverbed has been contemplated. The drainage pattern of the rivers flowing in tehsil shall not
alter due to dry bed mining.
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
136
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
4.3.
Land Environment
4.3.1.
Change in land use
The landuse of the core zone is river body flowing and as per revenue record it has been
categorized as Gair Mumkin Nadi Nala. The mining activity in the river bed per se shall not
lead to any change in the landuse in the core zone as well as buffer zone where no mining
activities is proposed.
4.3.2.
Change in river course
There will be no change in the river course due to mining as the river course is mainly guided
by the hydraulic gradient of surface water and the geological conditions of the bank and bed
of the river. In the mine lease area the river section is well defined and is confined between
both the flanks.
4.3.3.
Impact on soil
The mining plan envisages open cast manual method of mining in excavating the riverbed
deposits and proposed to remove top soil crust (silt/clay) and stacking for future back filling
programme/spreading on upper terraces.
The mine waste in the form of silt/clay in mine lease area are very fine but due to semimechanized mining, very little dust would be generated. These dust particles are usually
blown away along the wind direction and get deposited on the canopy of surrounding
vegetation on the river bank and agricultural crops thereby interfering with photosynthesis
and other physiological activities of the green cover. Finally, this may result in reduced
ecological functions of the forest ecosystems as well as economic productivity of the agroecosystems.
4.3.3.1
Mitigation measures
In accordance with the Rule 37U in Chapter IVA of RMMCR, 1986 amended upto 2012, the
top soil shall be removed and stacked systematically and separately for spreading on upper
terraces for being used under plantation.
Immediately after back filling, the refilled top soil shall be planted with fast growing
leguminous cover of crops and other indigenous herbs, shrubs of pioneer species, apart from
planting of tree species.
Sprinkling of water, at regular intervals, on exposed surface of silt/clay in upper terraces or
stacks for back filling will further reduce the dust emission due to air. Also, creation of green
belt well before the mining operation starts would also reduce the dust emission.
4.4.
Impacts on Climate
Wind Speed
The wind speed in any area is dependent upon local topography and is intimately connected
with the development as high and low pressure zones. The controlling factors for the pressure
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
137
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
changes lie much beyond the mining operation. Thus, no adverse impact on the regional
wind speed is anticipated due to the mining operations.
Temperature
The temperature pattern is a regional behavior and is not likely to be affected by the mining
activity in the riverbed.
Rainfall
The trend of rainfall follows a regional pattern and is mainly governed by the south west
monsoon and disturbances in the Arabian Sea. The mining operation, therefore, is not likely
to have any adverse impacts on rainfall pattern.
Humidity
The pattern of relative humidity depends mainly on the rainfall, wind, temperature and other
weather phenomenon that are regional in behavior. The mining operation is not likely to have
any impact on the relative humidity in the surrounding.
4.5.
Water Environment
4.5.1.
Impact on Water Resources
Surface Water
The requirement of water for drinking/domestic use, dust suppression and green belt shall
be met from the ground water resources (nearby tube well), thus there shall be no negative
impact on surface water resource. Otherwise also the mining shall be carried out during the
period when the rivers are dry. During monsoon the mining activity is stalled till the end of
monsoon and thus there is no requirement of water for consumptive use in project purpose.
However, the surface water potential shall be reduced to the quantum of water which shall
be held up / stored in inundation of the mining pit basin (3 m deep) to the extent of annual
mining area. In the present case the surface flow yield shall be impacted to the tune of 11.87
MCM upto one year after closing of mine i.e. 6th year as evident from Table 4.1 and the
impact shall be of the order of 15.32 MCM till the total replenishment of the mined out area
as is evident from Table 4.2.
Table 4.1 : Reduction in Surface Flow Due to Mining in Tehsil Sojat upto 6th Year
Year
of
mining
1
2
3
4
5
Annual
Mining
Pit
Area
(ha)
Annual
Deposi
tion
Depth
(m)
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
Total
depth of
water upto
6th Year
(m)
33.33
33.33
33.33
33.33
33.33
1.71
1.71
1.71
1.71
1.71
3.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.29
3.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.44
2.15
3.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.58
2.43
3.00
0.00
0.00
1.15
2.00
2.57
3.00
0.00
0.72
1.58
2.15
2.57
4.73
8.59
9.01
7.72
5.57
Total
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
Depth of water in mined out pits (after year) in meter
Total Volume
of Water held
in Pit upto 6th
year(MCM)
1.57
2.86
3.00
2.57
1.86
11.87
138
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
Table 4.2 : Reduction in Surface Flow Due to Mining in Tehsil Sojat upto 5th Year
close of mining
Depth of water in mined out pits (after year) in meter
Year
of
mining
1
2
3
4
5
Annual
Mining
Pit
Area
(ha)
33.33
33.33
33.33
33.33
33.33
Annual
Deposition
Depth (m)
1.71
1.71
1.71
1.71
1.71
1st
3.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2nd
1.29
3.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3rd
0.44
2.15
3.00
0.00
0.00
4th
0.00
1.58
2.43
3.00
0.00
5th
0.00
1.15
2.00
2.57
3.00
Total
6th
0.00
0.72
1.58
2.15
2.57
7th
0.00
0.29
1.15
1.72
2.15
8th
0.00
0.00
0.58
1.15
1.58
9th
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.58
1.01
10th
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.15
Total
depth
of
water
(m)
4.73
8.88
10.74
11.16
10.45
Total
Volume
of
Water
held in
Pit
(MCM)
1.57
2.96
3.58
3.72
3.48
15.32
Ground Water
As the requirement of water for drinking/domestic use, dust suppression and green belt shall
be met from the ground water resources (nearby tube well), thus there shall be impact on
ground water resource to the extent the water is abstracted from the ground i.e. 0.011 MCM
annually.
The district has geo-hydrological formations, viz., unconsolidated, semi consolidated fully
consolidated, with varying groundwater potential. The unconsolidated formations include,
recent alluvium, brown sand, clay, silt and gravel, pebble, which are fairly thick and regionally
extensive, confined to semi-confined aquifers. They are porous formations. The aquifer
potential varies widely between (40-100 litres per second) for the very good ones, to 10-40
litres per second for moderately good ones. The removal of river sand in 3 m depth shall
result into the loss of aquifer material to the extent of the volume of mined out mineral which
will reduce the infiltration into the ground in conditions when the river bed is not saturated
completely. The sand in the river section, acts like a sponge and consequently help in
recharging the water table and thus its continuous removal shall lead to progressive depletion
in infiltration and recharging capacity, but the impact shall be temporary and insignificant.
The response of river flow during monsoon on the replenishment of the wells located alongthe
bank of the river and also in riverbed is immediate and more pronounced. However, the
megre recharge during run-off period of the ephemeral rivers is not sustained for a
significantly long period.
The lowering of bed of influent rivers result in decline of ground water table in nearby area
as the water gradient towards the bank increases owing to pit caused due to the mining. On
the contrary during flood and after flood the subsurface basin in the form of 3m deep mine
pits shall act as reservoir to trigger a good recharge of the ground water due to the increase
head for percolation.
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
139
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan

Recharge to Ground Water
The mining pits can be construed as the recharge structure having adequate capacity for
impounding surface run-off. These pits cause quick recharging of the ground water through
percolation. These pits conserve water to a greater extent since these get filled during
monsoon when the evaporation rate is about half of the potential rate (PET) in summer, as a
result of which pond may contain water for long duration.
As per GEC Methodology 1997, 50% of gross storage, considering the number of fillings,
with half of this recharge occurring in the monsoon season, and the balance in the nonmonsoon season. On a conservative consideration that the riverbed mined out pit gets filled
only once during the monsoon, the ground water recharge has been worked out year wise
(Table 4.3). It is evident from the table that the total quantity at the end of 6 th year i.e. 5.93
MCM against which 0.035 MCM water shall be abstracted from ground water resource to
meet the water requirement of the project. It is thus eloquent that the mining may result in
recharge of ground water.
Table 4.3 : Year-wise Computation of Ground Water Recharge as per GEC-97
After Year
Total Depth of Water in
Mined out pit (m)
Volume of water in Pit
(MCM)
Recharge @ 50% of the
volume in Pond as per GEC97 (MCM)
4.5.2.
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
Total
3.00 4.29
5.58
7.01
8.72
7.01
35.61
1.00 1.43
1.86
2.33
2.91
2.34
11.87
0.50 0.71
0.93
1.17
1.45
1.17
5.93
Impact on Surface Water Quality
Though the mining activities shall be carried out during the period when the rivers run dry
and thus there will be no synergic relation between water and soil during the period of mining.
However, during heavy rains the loose soil spread on upper terraces can find way into the
river section due to run-off from upper banks and also due to formation of rills. This will
increase the silt rate to smaller extent as the river flow during flash floods carry
considerably high sediment and suspended load as compared to the former. Besides
this the other probable water pollutants like Biodegradable organic matters, Pathogens and
vectors, Dissolved inorganic solids which may cause pollution during monsoon.
Mitigation Measures

The mining in the flooded pits shall be allowed only after the water level has receded.

Sufficient time should be allowed for settling of sediment in the pits
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
4.5.3.
Impact on Ground Water Quality
In view of the facts that the mining activities does not intersect the ground water table. No
impact on the quality of ground water is anticipated. Beside this the sand and bajri are nontoxic in nature and therefore percolated water from the pits shall not impair the ground water
quality.
4.5.4.
Impact on River Morphological features
The extraction of sand and bajri from flood plains of low terrace of rivers / streams shall lead
to change in its cross-sectional profile and cause incision of u/s channel bed thereby
increasing the bed slope / gradient. The extraction of riverine material from such segment of
river which are eroding may cause decrease in bed load and consequent d/s incision. During
flooding the stream creates a new channel path through the pit where it will deposit all bed
sediments. In effluent rivers the alluvial ground water table is lower due to mining as the
ground water from upper gradient flow towards the pit. In the present case the mining pits
shall not be created continuously all along the river but will be punctuated by such reaches
where the mineral deposits are not of good quality. Such reaches act as hump during the
flow of the river through the mining pits and thus lower the flow velocity and specific energy
of flow.
4.5.5.
Impact on Stream – Ground water exchange Zone
In between the porous sand / gravel river bed and the ground water table the hyporheic is
sandwiched this zone allows both way movement of infiltrated as well as capillary water
through it and is responsible for hyporheic processes due to interstitial bacterial and
invertebrates biota. The intervention in river by way of hydraulic structures regulating the river
flow and more often than not leaving no flow d/s, mining activities in which the bed material,
filter material through which the water percolate to ground water, effluent from industrial
activities, insecticides used in agriculture are all potent to impair the biota in hyporheic. In the
present case due to dry riverbed for most period of the year except monsoon, this impact will
not be there. However, after the withdrawal of monsoon if the river bed mining, in dry riverbed
near u/s and d/s of water retaining structures such as anicut, the loss of hyporheic zone will
be there as the riverbed stretches both u/s and d/s of the structure are hydraulically
connected with the stored water and the stratum below the river bed has moisture content in
it to support the interstitial bacteria. Therefore during post monsoon the mining in river bed
shall not be carried out in about 500 m u/s and d/s of water retaining structures. These
reaches in river bed can be taken up for mining in March and April.
4.5.6.
Impact on Irrigation/Water supply schemes
The monsoon flow in the rivers has been harnessed by creating minor /medium dams and
sluices at few places in the river. The stored water is used for drinking and irrigation purposes
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during winter. Besides these hydraulic structures small height weir known as anicut have
been constructed across rivers at many places for the purpose of storing water and recharge
of the ground water. There will be no impact on the surface water resource as no river water
is to be consumed for meeting water requirement, however, the surface water potential shall
be reduced to the quantum of water which shall be held up / stored in inundation of the mining
pit basin (3 m deep) to the extent of annual mining area due to and thus there will be impact
on irrigation / water supply schemes on this count. However, during heavy rains the loose
soil spread on upper terraces can find way into the river section due to run-off from upper
banks and also due to formation of rills, which will increase the silt rate to some extent. The
increased silt/sediment will finally get deposited into the ponds/reservoir and impact its
capacity for designated use.
4.6.
Noise and Vibration
The main noise generating source during semi-mechanized riverbed mining operation and
related activities are the mining is from operation of machinery like excavators, loaders, and
back-hoe and FE loaders besides transport vehicles movement to and fro from riverbed site
to outside lease boundary or to the sale point. The mine lease area is generally away from
the settlements except in case of rivers which flow adjacent to the town. The noise monitoring
shows that day and night time noise levels are highest at such places where the commercial
activity takes place and the noise levels are within the limits in rural setup which are more
than a couple of km away from mine site. The riverbed locations in the rural areas have noise
levels within the prescribed limits as no anthropogenic activities were witnessed during the
study period except at such places where the bridges were under construction over the river.
4.6.1.
Impact on Noise Level
In order to predict ambient noise levels due to the mining the noise modeling has been done.
For computing the noise levels at various distances with respect to the place in the mine
lease area where maximum daily production is envisaged. Noise levels are predicted by a
user friendly model the details of which are elaborated below.
4.6.2.
Model for sound wave propagation during mining
For an approximate estimation of dispersion of noise in the ambient air from the point source,
a standard mathematical model for sound wave propagation is used. The noise generated
by equipment decreases with increased distance from the source due to wave divergence.
An additional decrease in sound pressure level with distance from the source is expected
due to atmospheric effect or its interaction with objects in the transmission path.
For hemispherical sound wave propagation through homogenous loss free medium, one can
estimate noise levels at various locations, due to different source using model based on first
principles, as per the following equation:
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LP2=LP1 – 20Log (r2 / r1) - AE …………………………….
(1)
Where,
LP2 And L
P1
are the Sound Pressure Levels (SPL) at points located at a distances of r 2 and r1 from
the source. AE is attenuations due to Environmental conditions (E). The combined effect of the entire
source can be determined at various locations by the following equation.
LP (total) = 10Log (10 (Lpa)/10 + 10 Lpb)/10 + 10 Lpc)/10 + ………)
(2)
Where Lpa, LPb, LPc are noise pressure levels at a point due to different sources.
Environment Correction (AE)
The equivalent sound pressure level can be calculated from the measured sound pressure level (L eq
measured)
averaged over the measurement surface area ‘S’ and from corrections K1 and K2 and is given
by;
(Leq measured) = (Leq measured) – K1 – K2
(3)
Where,
K1 = Factor for the background noise correction. The correction was not applied in this modeling
exercise, as it was not possible to measure the background noise levels by putting off machines hence
it was considered as zero.
K2 = Environmental correction
In the present study dhwani PRO Version 3.6, a noise propagation modelling software developed to
undertake construction, industrial and traffic noise propagation studies. A variety of scenarios can be
created quickly in dhwani PRO, allowing the user to determine the impact of changing the source,
layout and adding /removing the effects of shielding due to noise mitigation devices such as barriers.
4.6.3.
Input for the model
4.6.3.1
Base Map, Point Source and Receptors
Base maps identifying the location of the site, noise sources, receptors and other important
characteristics of the surrounding area is the foremost requirement. In this study jpeg raster
maps created in Google map showing the locations of the mining site where the maximum
daily production is to be achieved has been captured and imported for registering the map
and setting up of the scale. The point source is the location where the mining equipment i.e.
the point source of noise is to be operated. The receptors are the nearby settlements where
the impact of propagation of noise is to be evaluated.
4.6.3.2
Hourly noise level
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Hourly nose levels observed for 24 hours at the point source have been observed and
adopted in studies. The noise levels to be generated intermittently due to running of mining
equipments for different hours have also been incorporated. Besides this, the background
level at the receptors have been entered into the corresponding windows.
4.6.3.3
Standard Values of Noise Levels of Mining Equipments
At the point source noise shall be generated intermittently due to operation and movement
of truck/tripper, service vans, crushing, truck movement. Intermittent noise would generated
due to operation of mining machinery and transport vehicles in respect of which the standard
value of noise levels are given in Table 4.4.
Table 4.4 : Standard Values of Noise Levels
S.No.
Machinery/ Activity
1.
2.
3.
Excavator
Front end loader
Dump Truck/ Tippers
Noise Produced in dB(A)
at 50 ft from source*
85
85
84
*50 feet from source = 15.24 meters
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Transportation (Federal Highway Administration) – Construction Noise
Handbook.
4.6.4.
Model outputs
After running the model the graphical results in the form of noise level contours (Figure 4.1)
0has been produced which has been captured and exported. Besides this the output in the
tabular form showing the estimated noise levels at different receptors owing to the impact of
running of mining machinery has been generated. (Table 4.5)
Table 4.5 : Modeling Output
4.6.5.
Inference
It is evident from the graphical results that the noise level of 85 dB(A) gets highly attenuated
to 36 dB(A), 31 dB(A) and 26 dB(A) about 500m, 1000m and 1700 m respectively from the
point source. The estimated noise levels at the receptor (Chopra Village) due to running of
mining machinery shall be 27 dB(A) which is less than the existing background noise levels
of 50.9 dB(A). Thus there will be no impact of running of mining machinery at the receptors
location.
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Figure 4.1 : Noise Graphical Results
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Mitigation Measures to Reduce Ambient Noise Levels
4.6.5.2
The following control measures will be adopted to keep the ambient noise levels below
permissible limits 75 dB (A).
(i)
Provision and maintenance of thick tree belts to screen noise.
(ii)
Avenue plantation within the project area to dampen the noise.
(iii)
Proper maintenance of noise generating transport vehicles.
(iv)
Regular noise level monitoring shall be carried out periodically for taking corrective
action
To protect the workers from exposures to higher noise levels the following measures will
be adopted.
(i)
Provision of protective devices like ear muffs/ear plugs to those workers who cannot
be isolated from the source of noise
(ii)
4.6.6.
Reducing the exposure time of workers to the higher noise levels by rotation.
Impacts due to ground vibration (due to blasting)
No ground vibration due to mining activity shall be imparted as no blasting is proposed for
the mining.
4.7.
Impacts on Air Environment
Basically, dust sources in mines can be categorized as primary sources that generate the
dust and secondary sources, which disperse the dust and carry it from place to place
called as fugitive dust.
Impacts of mining on air quality are cause for concern mainly due to fugitive emissions of
particulate matter. The major operations producing dust in river bed mining are pit
excavation, segregation and screening of material, loading and transporting. Exhaust
emissions from vehicles deployed are also likely to result in inconsequential increase in the
levels of SO2, NOx, and CO.
The collection/extraction of river borne material and its handling, loading & unloading will
cause momentary rise in the PM10. The dust liberated in mining and other related
operations is injurious to health if inhaled in sufficient quantity regularly as it may lead to
lung disease.
4.7.1.
Dust Dispersion Modelling for Excavation Operation
In this present study, United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA–42 series)
approved mathematical equations have been used to predict concentrations for different
operations in mining including the mineral transportation. In order to predict the particulate
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emissions, Lakes Environmental Aermod View ver. 6.2 (Air Dispersion Modelling
Software) an interface based on ISCST3 - was used to predict changes in air quality i.e.,
maximum ground level concentration (GLC’s) of Particulate Matter. The AERMOD open
pit source algorithm which uses an effective area for modelling pit emissions, based on
meteorological conditions and then utilizes the numerical integration area source
algorithm to model the impact of emissions from the effective area sources, was used to
predict the ground level concentration (Average hourly highest 1st value) resulting due to
open pit excavation. Short term model options was opted for uniform emissions rates. Line
source inputs were adopted for modelling of dust dispersion resulting from movement of
vehicles on haul road starting from pit to the nearest metaled road. The concentration of
other gaseous pollutants i.e. SO2 and NOx was found to be much lower than the threshold
limit (80 µg/m3), the air modelling was restricted to determination of particulate matter i.e.
PM10 in the present case. Since the mining project is a linear project where the mining will
be done at different locations in different rivers the modelling has been carried out for the
place where the maximum mining activities for obtaining the maximum production per day
is envisaged.
Open Pit Emission Rate
Open pit emission rate depends upon soil properties, climatic conditions and area of pit.
Empirical equation for calculation of open pit emission rate is given as follows:
The details of production parameters, transportation, moisture, silt content and the velocity
adopted for working out the emission rate at the mine pit pertaining to the location of
maximum production per day is provided in Table 4.6.
Table 4.6 : Details of Production Parameters, Transportation, Moisture, Silt
Contents
S.
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
Particular
Value
Production in T/day
Transported material in t/day
Quantity of ore in each trip
No. of trips/day
No. of trips/hr (8 working hours /day)
Road width in m
Area of pit in sq km (a)
Moisture content of road dust in % (m)
220
220
20
11
2
6
0.000625
5
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9
10
Silt content of road dust in % (s)
Wind speed in m/sec (u)
10
1.39
The dust emission rate calculated as above for Riverbed at Chopra Village at the place of
maximum daily production has been worked out as 0.000000078 gm/sec/sqm. The results
of dust dispersion modelling showing the first highest value of concentration at Uniform
Cartesian Receptors and also one Non-Uniform Receptor i.e. NCART1 (A-2 air monitoring
site) is shown in Table 4.7. The maximum predicted ground level concentration as
obtained for open pit source inputs with meteorological data of the study period at the
mine pit center 2.83 µg/m3 whereas at the air monitoring station A-2, located within 500m
from the mine pit, it has drastically reduced to 0.22 µg/m3. Isopleth developed is shown on
part of SOI toposheet no. 45F/8 (Figure 4.2).
Table 4.7 : Predicted Ground Level Concentration due to Open-pit excavation
Cartesian Coordinates
X
Y
341605.3
341705.3
341705.3
341782.8
341805.3
341805.3
341805.3
341805.3
341905.3
341905.3
341905.3
341905.3
341905.3
342005.3
342005.3
342005.3
342005.3
342005.3
342105.3
342105.3
2887083
2887183
2886983
2887052
2886983
2887283
2887083
2887183
2886983
2887383
2887083
2887283
2887183
2887083
2887283
2886983
2887383
2887183
2886983
2887183
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
Average hourly highest 1st
Concentration (µg/m3)
Z-Elevation
Net ID
DATE
(Concentration)
0.16243
0.10517
0.10606
0.21940
0.16653
0.25721
0.32338
2.83200
0.14806
0.28989
0.31924
0.66970
0.67182
0.11502
0.13213
0.13466
0.19957
0.24145
0.11133
0.12824
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
NCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
131130
131118
131203
131120
131104
131106
131104
131130
131211
131122
131117
131202
131109
131101
131121
131208
131202
131109
131101
131109
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Figure 4.2 : Isopleth of Average Hourly Highest 1st Value Predicted Average Ground –
Level Concentrations (Open Pit Source Modelling)
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4.7.2.
Impact Due To Vehicular Movement on Haul Roads In Riverbed
The transport vehicle after being loaded with the mineral shall have to ply in the initial
reach in the riverbed through the haul road made for the purpose. The movement of loaded
vehicle is directly responsible for air born dust emission which trails behind the vehicle.
The tractive force of the wheels exhibited from movement on un-paved road causes
pulverization of the surface material which mainly constitutes of river born material i.e.
sand and silt in the present case. The finer soil particles are lifted from the ground as these
are entrapped in the small groves of the tyres and are finally tangentially thrown from the
rolling wheels. The road surface also experiences strong air currents in turbulent shear
with the surface. After a vehicle has passed, the turbulence continues to act on the road
surface. The quantity of dust emission for a particular segment of the un-paved road
linearly varies with the character of the traffic and its volume. Thus it is evidently clear that
the movement of transport vehicle on haul road may result in increase in ground level
concentration of particulate matter.
Haul Road Emission Rate
The emission rate is dependent on several factors which includes soil properties, climatic
conditions, vehicular traffic, wind forces and machinery operation. The Empirical equation
for calculation of emission rate is as under.
E= [{(100-m) / m}0.7 {us/(100-s)}0.1 {(41.6+0.03 f c +108v)}10-5]
The details of production parameters, transportation, moisture, silt content and the velocity
of wind, average speed of vehicle and its capacity adopted for working out the emission
rate at the haul roads pertaining to the location of maximum production per day is provided
in Table 4.8.
Table 4.8 : Details of Production Parameters, Transportation, Moisture, Silt
Contents
S. No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
Particular
Production in T/day
Transported material in t/day
Quantity of ore in each trip
No. of trips/day
No. of trips/hr (8 working hours /day
Road width in m
Moisture content of road dust in % (m)
Silt content of road dust in % (s)
Wind speed in m/sec (u)
Average Vehicle Speed in m/s (v)
Value
220
220
20
11
2
6
10
10
1.39
2.7
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11 Frequency of vehicle movement / hour (f)
12 Capacity of dumpers in tonne (c )
2
20
The dust emission rate calculated as above for Riverbed haul road at Chopra Village, at
the place of maximum daily production, has been worked out as 0.01291 gram/sec/m. The
results of dust dispersion modelling showing the first highest value of concentration at
Uniform Cartesian Receptors and also at one Non-Uniform Receptor i.e. NCART1 (A-2 air
monitoring site) is shown in Table 4.9. The maximum monthly average predicted ground
level concentration as obtained for line source inputs with meteorological data of the study
period at the mine pit center is 5.05 µg/m3 whereas at the air monitoring station A-2,
located within 500m from the mine pit, it has reduced to 2.31 µg/m3. Isopleth developed is
shown on part of SOI toposheet no. 45F/8 (Figure 4.3).
Table 4.9 : Receptors Location And Model Results
Cartesian Coordinates
X
341055.3
341305.3
341305.3
341555.3
341555.3
341555.3
341555.3
341555.3
341782.8
341805.3
341805.3
341805.3
341805.3
341805.3
341805.3
342055.3
342055.3
342055.3
342055.3
342055.3
342305.3
342305.3
342305.3
342305.3
342305.3
342555.3
342555.3
Y
2886683
2886683
2886933
2887433
2886433
2887183
2886683
2886933
2887052
2887683
2886433
2886683
2887433
2886933
2887183
2886683
2887683
2886933
2887183
2887433
2887933
2887433
2886933
2887683
2887183
2888183
2886933
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
Average hourly highest 1st
Concentration (µg/m3)
ZElevation
NET ID
DATE
(Concentration)
0.34847
0.21729
0.58800
0.20662
0.25674
0.40436
0.51423
3.04371
2.30541
0.20940
0.21119
0.30880
0.39299
0.76323
5.05046
0.24314
0.24905
0.38466
0.54306
0.69181
0.23840
0.24207
0.27457
0.29685
0.31253
0.20635
0.21163
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
NCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
UCART1
131130
131116
131208
131106
131116
131218
131116
131125
131125
131106
131116
131116
131218
131125
131202
131101
131202
131126
131121
131202
131202
131130
131126
131202
131129
131204
131126
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342555.3
2887183
0.21380
0
UCART1
131129
Figure 4.3 : Isopleth of Maximum Predicted 24 hourly averaged Ground – Level
Concentrations (Line Source Modelling)
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4.7.3.
Cumulative Impact
The cumulative impact due to proposed mining operation on the Ambient air quality for
PM10 at the mine site and nearest air monitoring station A-2, located within 500m, is
presented in Table 4.10 which shows that, the resultant concentration level at each of the
location shall be 82.88 µg/m3 and 80.53 µg/m3 which are within the NAAQS.
Table 4.10 : Cumulative levels of existing and predicted levels of PM10
Fugitive Dust (µg/m3)
Location
Net ID
NAAQS
Sampling
Maximum
Incremental concentration contribution due to
Resultant
Station
Background
proposed mining and haul road transportation
concentration
Concentration
Open pit
Line
(µg/m3)
Total
source
source
Incremental
modelling
modelling
concentration
UCART1
A-3
75
2.83
5.05
7.88
82.88
100
NCART1
A-2
78
0.22
2.31
2.53
80.53
100
4.7.4.
Mitigation Measures
Following mitigation measures shall be adopted during mining activities to control air
pollution load below the prescribed limits:

Water spraying on haul roads by mobile and fixed sprinklers at regular interval.

Designing and laying haul roads in gentle grade and in hard stratum as far as
possible. The road surface along the riverbank shall be properly laid with grid and
small pebbles to eliminate air borne dust. Proper maintenance of un-tarred and
Katcha road shall be periodically carried out as and when required.

Avenue plantation on roadsides besides plantation around the mine lease area will
help in reducing the emission.

It shall be ensured that the laborers working at or near high dust prone area use
dust filters / mask.

Covered or hooded trucks shall be used for transportation. Care shall be taken to
prevent spillage of material.
4.8.
Biological Environment
4.8.1.
Impact on Flora
The proposed mine lease area is ‘Gair Mumkun Nadi Nala’, which bears negligible density
and species composition of forest vegetation. There are some economically important
plants species has been found in the buffer zone of the project which have very remote
chance of getting disturbed due to mining activities. Since there will be no felling of trees
or deforestation, there will be no impact on flora of the core zone. The mining activity per
se shall not lead to any impact on the terrestrial flora of the buffer zone either.
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The dust is the only major pollutant, which will be generated from different activities of
mining. The effect of particulate matter on vegetation is in the form of incrustation, plugging
of stomata, and loss of chlorophyll and reduction of photosynthesis process. Disturbance
in plant metabolism due to deposition of dust particles on foliar surfaces leads to reduction
in plant growth. The atmospheric concentrations normally do not reach a level sufficient
to induce acute injury.
The annual plantation, within the mine lease area, proposed for five years of mining period
shall greatly help in developing a good vegetal cover on the upper terrace near the bank
of the river and eventually attract micro fauna, birds etc in the area. Thus, there will be
positive impact on terrestrial environment around the mine lease area.
4.8.1.1
Measures for Minimizing Impact on Flora

It shall be ensured that no mining shall be carried out inside the land prohibited
from mining activities.

Green Belt shall be properly designed in consultation with the forest department.
Plantation shall be carried out as per periodical plantation programme.

Fast growing native plant species, medicinal value plant species, dust tolerant and
sound receptor plant species and fruit species to enhance the food availability for
wildlife and those which would maintain the regional ecological balance, soil and
hydrological conditions shall be favoured.
4.8.2.
Impact on Fauna
Intervention in the riverbed will impact butterflies and birds which are quite sensitive to
noise and human presence. No endangered species of fauna is found in and around lease
area. As such, there will be temporary and insignificant effect on fauna around the mining
lease area. Based on the field observations and interaction with local people and forest
officials it was noted that the project area does not constitute part of any wildlife migratory
routes and mining activities won’t affect animal movement at all. Terrestrial biodiversity
will be affected only by the operation of mining machinery and vehicular movements in the
mining areas and from increased human population (laborers etc.) during mining activities.
No Schedule-I & II species, under WPA 1972, have been sighted in the project area i.e.
core zone. However, a few mammals and avi-fauna included in Schedule I & II of WPA
Act, 1972 are stated to be present in the buffer zone and these wild animals sometimes
also frequent the area nearby the river banks. Thus, for conservation of these a
management plan has been formulated.
4.8.2.1
Measures for Minimizing Impact on Fauna
Following measures will be adopted to minimize the impact of mining on faunal
environment of the area
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
Progressive afforestation will create favorable conditions and good habitat for
fauna in the area.

Measures shall be adopted to curb pollution due to air, water, land and noise
environment.

Creating and developing awareness for nature and wildlife in the adjoining
villages.
4.8.3.
Impact on Aquatic Ecology
The dry riverbed mining in ephemeral river system which flow only in monsoon alone, in
which period the mining activities are not envisaged, apparently there will be no impact on
aquatic life as there will be no surface water available for aquatic life to survive due to dry
river bed condition. Occasionally some aquatic life can be witnessed at such places where
the monsoon run-off has filled the stilling basin provided d/s of some of the anicuts and
road bridges to diffuse the d/s flow energy of streams. But water in such basins may
remain stored only during November and December before its infiltration into the ground
as well as loss in evaporation. However, such stilling basin cannot be considered as
habitat for aquatic life. During heavy rains the loose soil spread on upper terraces can find
way into the river section due to run-off from upper banks and also due to formation of
rills. This will increase the silt rate to smaller extent as compared to the considerably high
sediment and suspended load in run-off resulting from direct response to heavy rains.
4.8.4.
Impact on Plankton
Sand mining from the riverbed which has a flowing water column i.e. in-stream mining may
cause release of fine silt and sediment which result in a temporary increase in the silt
consultation of the flowing water. This leads to reduction in the transparency of the water
and decreases the light intensity of the water column. Phytoplankton forms the basis of
aquatic food chain and needs a certain degree of light intensity for net primary production.
The phytoplankton concentration is a function of net primary production which itself is
dependent on the sunlight intensity. Due to reduction of the light intensity in the water
column with the increase of silt concentration the algal bloom is delayed or stopped
depending upon the sediment concentration in water.
In the present case where the mining is proposed from the dry riverbed any silt or finer
particles which may drop during the excavation and loading process shall continue to
remain on the dry riverbed surface. In such a scenario when there is no flow in the river,
there is no case for any increase in siltation rate. Thus the impact on plankton is totally
ruled out at such stretches where there is no water column. However, in case the mining
is done in the stretch of the river which is covered under the receded pond level of the
water structure like anicut across the river section, there is always a probability of the fine
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silt particles from the riverbed being swept away during the monsoon period. But during
the monsoon period the silt concentration of the flowing water is always high and the little
amount of silt thus swept away will not appreciable increase the already high sediment
rate during the flow period in monsoon. In that case also there shall be no impact on the
phytoplankton present in the bed of the river with in the stretch of the pond / reservoir
formed due to anicut.
4.9.
Impact on Socio-Economic Environment
The entire mine lease area lies within the revenue waste land in river bed, the project does
not involve any loss of agriculture land. Some of the impacts would be directly beneficial
to the socio-economic environment due to proposed employment potential. The beneficial
impacts due to the activities in the region would be:

Employment Potential for 109 persons in the various categories as skilled/semiskilled/un-skilled for carrying out mining activities.

Indirect employment in transport sector.

Amelioration of the general living standards of local persons employed in mining
activities.

The higher earnings will result in more purchase power.

Improvement in the economic growth in the region by way of additional mineral
availability.

Various activities, such as livelihood and entrepreneurship through providing
training in self-employment and empowering women through education and
training and promoting their SHG (Self Helping Group), taken under corporate
social responsibility initiative will have a positive impact on socio economic fabric
of the area.

Benefit to the State and the Central governments through financial revenues by
way of royalty, tax, duties, etc from this project directly and indirectly.
Adverse Impacts
The adverse impacts on socio-economic environment due to mining activities in the region
will be:

Dust will affect to the local air environment and this dust will settle down on nearby
agricultural fields and will affect the productivity of the land and increase in
respiratory problems.

Soil erosion and loss of fertility etc.
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
There may be some conflict of utilization of local resources between project
proponent and local communities. For avoidance of which the project proponent
should maintain a good liaison and ensure cordial relation between staff and
locals.

4.10.
Contamination of water, soil and air due to mining.
Impact due to Transportation of Mined out material on environment
The mining in a tehsil shall be carried out along different rivers which for the have been
divided into different blocks The collective stretch of the lease area for each river has been
sub-divided in to five blocks for ease of operation, supervision, management and safety.
The daily production has been envisaged as 5000 metric tonne. The quantity of daily
production of mine shall significantly vary reach-wise and block-wise. The maximum
production in Tehsil Sojat has been envisaged at Chopra. At this place about 220 MT daily
production is stipulated for the transportation of which 11 tripper/trucks (20 T) shall be
required. The increased traffic load due to transportation of mineral shall not be
concentrated in a particular segment of the road as the material shall be dispatched to
different destination and in different directions. The impact due to transportation shall be
on carrying capacity of the State Highway/ National Highway and also due to increase in
vehicular emissions due to mineral transportation.
4.11.
Impact on the carrying capacity of SH and NH due to proposed transport
activities
The bulk of mineral mined out from river Sukri and Lilri before their confluence shall be
transported through NH-14 (Beawar - Pali – Sirohi - Radhanpur). The mined out material
from Rediya Nadi and Sukri river d/s of Sojat shall be transported through SH-58 (Jodhpur
- Bheem) and the material mined out from Kantaliya Nadi and some stretch of Sukri river
shall be transported through SH-62 (Bilara in Jodhpur – Pindwara in Sirohi district). About
0.95 million tonne material / annum (68%) shall be transported through NH-14; 0.34 million
tonne / annum (24%) shall be transported through SH-64 and 0.11 million tonne / annuam
(8%) shall be transported through SH-62. The transport plan for movement of trucks is
shown in Figure 4.4. The study for carrying capacity has been carried out for these roads
by undertaking traffic volume counts at the prominent inter-junction of these roads as per
guideline of IRC:9-1972 and IRC:SP 19-2001 and the PCU factors adopted for analysis
has been taken as per IRC:64-1990.
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Figure 4.4 : Transport Route Map

Classified Volume Count Traffic Survey
The traffic survey is essential to realistically and accurately assess the prevailing traffic
volumes and travel characteristics by undertaking classified volume count. The objective
of traffic volume count survey is to assess the traffic intensity on the most vulnerable
section of the road under question. Two – days, 24 hrs., continuous volume counts were
manually undertaken during November 2013 at Bagawas on NH-14 and at Siyat on SH62 and on SH-58 on causeway at Sojat for capturing the realistic picture of the current
volume and composition of traffic motorized i.e. passenger vehicles (two-wheeler, threewheeler, bicycle, passenger car); utility vehicles (Jeep, Van, Mini Bus, Standard Bus);
Goods vehicles – LCV (Freight), MCV (2 axle rigid chasis), MCV (3 axle rigid chasis), MAV
and tractor trailer and non-motorized like animal driven cart. The survey work was
conducted by engaging educated people familiar with traffic characteristics. Before the
start of survey the enumerated engaged were briefed and trained by an expert supervisor
about the task.
The analysis of traffic counts provides an estimate of average daily traffic (ADT). In order
to convert recorded vehicles into a common scale, the passenger car units (PCU)
equivalent factor as per IRC:64 -1990 has been adopted. The Table 4.11 reveals that the
total ADT near Bagawas on NH-14 were 6246 in terms of number which translates into
14374 in terms of PCU. The Table 4.12 reveals that the total ADT at Siyat on SH-62 were
2934 in terms of number which translates into 4343 in terms of PCU. The Table 4.13
reveals that the total ADT at Sojat causeway on SH-58 were 2465 in terms of number
which translates into 4248 in terms of PCU. It is thus evident that the number of PCU /
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hour at these places of count were 600, 180 and 176 on NH – 14, SH-62 and SH-58
respectively.
Table 4.11 : Traffic volume counts near Bagawas on NH-14
S. No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Nomenclature of Vehicle
Car / Jeep / Van
Two-Wheelers
Three - Wheelers
Mini- Bus
Bus
Tempo / LCV
Two Axle Truck
Three Axle Truck
More than three Axle Truck
Tractor
Cycle
Total
PCU factor
1.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
3.0
1.5
3.0
3.0
4.5
1.5
0.5
No. of Vehicles / day No. of PCU / day
1435
1435
483
242
38
38
26
39
66
197
45
67
1404
4212
1609
4828
668
3004
76
114
397
198
6246
14374
Table 4.12 : Traffic volume counts at Siyat on SH-62
S. No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Nomenclature of Vehicle
Car / Jeep / Van
Two-Wheelers
Three - Wheelers
Mini- Bus
Bus
Tempo / LCV
Two Axle Truck
Three Axle Truck
More than three Axle
Truck
Tractor
Cycle
Total
PCU factor
1.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
3.0
1.5
3.0
3.0
4.5
1.5
0.5
No. of Vehicles / day No. of PCU / day
885
885
847
424
87
87
53
79
136
408
86
128
474
1423
165
494
54
96
51
2934
245
144
26
4343
Table 4.13 : Traffic volume counts on Sojat causeway on SH-58
S. No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Nomenclature of Vehicle
Car / Jeep / Van
Two-Wheelers
Three - Wheelers
Mini- Bus
Bus
Tempo / LCV
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PCU factor
1.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
3.0
1.5
No. of Vehicles / day No. of PCU / day
832
832
280
140
22
22
15
23
88
264
86
129
159
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine, (With ML Area of 4316.00 ha)
Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
7
8
Two Axle Truck
Three Axle Truck
More than three Axle
Truck
Tractor
Cycle
Total
9
10
11

3.0
3.0
514
332
1542
996
4.5
1.5
0.5
22
44
230
2465
99
66
115
4228
Impact on Carrying capacity of NH-14, SH-62 and SH-58
About 0.95 million metric tonne of material / annum shall be transported through NH-14,
this tantamount to 3393 metric tonne / day for transportation of which 170 trucks (20 tonne
capacity) shall be deployed. The trucks shall make one loaded and unloaded journey
every day. It is thus apparent that the additional traffic load due to mining shall be 1020
PCU/day or 43 PCU/hour. As per IRC: 64-1990, the design service volume for a four lane
divided (two way) road in plain terrain for low curvature is 3600 PCU / hour. The
incremental rise in daily traffic at NH-14 due to transportation of minerals is evaluated and
shown in Table 4.14 which manifests that there shall be an incremental rise of 1.2 % of
PCU due to envisaged traffic movement owing to mining activities and that 17.9 % of
design service volume shall be tentatively utilized in post project scenario. Thus the
marginal incremental rise in the total PCU shall not be appreciable and adequate
apportionment of total design service volume capacity shall be still available in post project
scenario.
Table 4.14 : Incremental rise in existing average daily traffic at NH-14 due to
proposed transport activity
Envisaged Traffic
Movement Due to
Mining Activities
Cumulative Traffic
Movement at NH-14 Post Project Scenario
Design
Existing Daily Traffic
Service
Design
Data at NH-14
Volume
Service
tentatively
Volume
to be
for NHutilized in
14
Post
PCU /
PCU /
PCU /
PCU /
PCU /
PCU /
PCU /
Project
hour
Day
Hour
Day
Hour
Day
Hour
Scenario
3600
14374
600
1020
43
15394
643
17.9 %
Incremental
rise in PCU
due to
envisaged
traffic
movement
owing to
mining
activities
1.2 %
About 0.11 million metric tonne of material / annum shall be transported through SH-62,
this tantamount to 393 metric tonne / day for transportation of which 20 trucks (20 tonne
capacity) shall be deployed. The trucks shall make one loaded and unloaded journey
every day. It is thus apparent that the additional traffic load due to mining shall be 120
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PCU/day or 5 PCU/hour. As per IRC: 64-1990, the design service volume for a two lane
rural road in plain terrain for low curvature is 15000 PCU / day or 625 PCU / hour. The
incremental rise in daily traffic at SH-62, a two lane rural area, due to transportation of
minerals is evaluated and shown in Table-4.15 which manifests that there shall be an
incremental rise of 0.8% of PCU due to envisaged traffic movement owing to mining
activities and that 29.8% of design service volume shall be tentatively utilized in post
project scenario. Thus the marginal incremental rise in the total PCU shall not be
appreciable and adequate apportionment of total design service volume capacity shall be
still available in post project scenario.
Table 4.15 : Incremental rise in existing average daily traffic at SH-62 due to
proposed transport activity
Existing Daily Traffic
Data at SH-62
Envisaged Traffic
Movement Due to
Mining Activities
Design
Service
Volume
for SH62
PCU /
PCU /
PCU /
PCU /
PCU /
Day
Day
Hour
Day
Hour
15000
4343
180
120
Cumulative Traffic
Movement at SH-62 Post Project Scenario
Design
Service
Volume
tentatively
to be
utilized in
Post
PCU /
PCU /
Project
Day
Hour
Scenario
5
4463
185
29.8 %
Incremental
rise in PCU
due to
envisaged
traffic
movement
owing to
mining
activities
0.8 %
About 0.34 million metric tonne of material / annum shall be transported through SH-58,
this tantamount to 1214 metric tonne / day for transportation of which 61 trucks (20 tonne
capacity) shall be deployed. The trucks shall make one loaded and unloaded journey
every day. It is thus apparent that the additional traffic load due to mining shall be 366
PCU/day or 16 PCU/hour. As per IRC: 64-1990, the design service volume for a two lane
rural road in plain terrain for low curvature is 15000 PCU / day or 625 PCU / hour. The
incremental rise in daily traffic at SH-58, a two lane rural area, due to transportation of
minerals is evaluated and shown in Table 4.16 which manifests that there shall be an
incremental rise of 2.4% of PCU due to envisaged traffic movement owing to mining
activities and that 30.6% of design service volume shall be tentatively utilized in post
project scenario. Thus the marginal incremental rise in the total PCU shall not be
appreciable and adequate apportionment of total design service volume capacity shall be
still available in post project scenario.
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Table 4.16 : Incremental rise in existing average daily traffic at SH-58 due to
proposed transport activity
Design
Service
Design
Volume
Service
tentatively
Volume
to be
for SHutilized in
58
Post
PCU /
PCU /
PCU /
PCU /
PCU /
PCU /
PCU /
Project
Day
Day
Hour
Day
Hour
Day
Hour
Scenario
15000
4228
176
366
16
4594
192
30.6 %
Existing Daily Traffic
Data at SH-58
4.11.2.
Envisaged Traffic
Movement Due to
Mining Activities
Cumulative Traffic
Movement at SH-58 Post Project Scenario
Incremental
rise in PCU
due to
envisaged
traffic
movement
owing to
mining
activities
2.4 %
Impact Due to Traffic Noise
On the basis of the prevailing traffic, increased traffic due to mineral transportation and
the cumulative traffic in post project scenario the values of L10 has been worked out and
has been found as 81.4 dB(A) , 74.4 dB(A) and 82.0 dB(A) respectively at Bagawas (NH14). dhwani PRO Version 3.6, a noise propagation modelling software developed to
undertake construction, industrial and traffic noise propagation studies has been adopted
for calculation of noise due to traffic. The input data and the other information adopted for
calculating the noise as per in all three cases is shown in Table 4.17. It is thus evident
that the existing noise levels shall slightly increase by 0.6 dB (A) due to increased traffic
Table 4.17 : Determination of Traffic Noise Levels at Bagawas (NH-14)
S.
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Input
Total Vehicle Flow/10hr.
Speed km/hr
Percentage of Heavy
Vehicle
Gradient Percentage
Road Surface
Noise level in dB(A)
Prevailing
Traffic
2602
50
Increased Traffic
due to Mining
340
50
Cumulative Traffic
Post Project Scenario
2942
50
60
1
Impervious
81.4
100
1
Impervious
74.4
62.05
1
Impervious
82
On the basis of the prevailing traffic, increased traffic due to mineral transportation and
the cumulative traffic in post project scenario the values of L10 has been worked out and
has been found as 75.4 dB(A) , 66.9 dB(A) and 75.8 dB(A) respectively at Siyat (SH-62).
dhwani PRO Version 3.6, a noise propagation modelling software developed to undertake
construction, industrial and traffic noise propagation studies has been adopted for
calculation of noise due to traffic. The input data and the other information adopted for
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calculating the noise as per in all three cases is shown in Table 4.18. It is thus evident
that the existing noise levels shall slightly increase by 0.4 dB (A) due to increased traffic.
Table 4.18 : Determination of Traffic Noise Levels at Siyat (SH-62)
S.
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Input
Total Vehicle Flow/10hr.
Speed km/hr
Percentage of Heavy
Vehicle
Gradient Percentage
Road Surface
Noise level in dB(A)
Prevailing
Traffic
1223
50
Increased Traffic
due to Mining
40
50
Cumulative Traffic
Post Project Scenario
1263
50
28.3
1
Impervious
75.4
100
1
Impervious
66.9
30.6
1
Impervious
75.8
On the basis of the prevailing traffic, increased traffic due to mineral transportation and
the cumulative traffic in post- project scenario the noise levels have been worked out and
found as 74.9 dB(A) , 70.0 dB(A) and 76.4 dB(A) respectively at Sojat Causeway (SH-58).
dhwani PRO Version 3.6, a noise propagation modelling software developed to undertake
construction, industrial and traffic noise propagation studies has been adopted for
calculation of noise due to traffic. The input data and the other information adopted for
calculating the noise as per all three cases is shown in Table 4.19. It is thus evident that
the existing noise levels shall slightly increase by 1.5 dB (A) due to increased traffic
Table 4.19 : Determination of Traffic Noise Levels at Sojat Causeway (SH-58)
S.
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Input
Total Vehicle Flow/10hr.
Speed km/hr
Percentage of Heavy
Vehicle
Gradient Percentage
Road Surface
Noise level in dB(A)
Prevailing
Traffic
1027
50
Increased Traffic
due to Mining
122
50
Cumulative Traffic
Post Project Scenario
1149
50
30.6
1
Impervious
74.9
100
1
Impervious
70.0
41.7
1
Impervious
76.4
The state highways have been upgraded into 2 lane with carriageway width of 7-8m and
1.5m wide hard earthen material shoulder on either side while the NH are four lane and
are complete in most of the reaches, except for a few places where the fly over/ bridges
are under construction. The work of four laning /two laning and widening of the highways
has been going on for the last 4 to 5 years and the completed segment of the roads are
in fine fettle. Based on elastic values (empirical relationship between transport demand
and economic growth) socio – economic parameters and recent trends of growth of
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different vehicles (PCUs), yearly traffic projections have been analyzed upto year 2035
and the roads have been designed accordingly keeping in view the futuristic requirement.
4.12.
Impact Due To Vehicular Emission
The increased traffic load in any particular segment of the road will result into direct
increase in pollutants released from the vehicles. The rate of emissions of various types
of vehicles is presented in Table 4.20. However, the extent of these impacts, at any given
time will depend upon the rate of vehicular emission within a given stretch of the road; and
the prevailing meteorological conditions. The impacts will have strong temporal
dependence as both of these factors vary with time. The temporal dependence would
have diurnal, seasonal as well as long-term components
Table 4.20 : Emission factors by vehicle type (gm/km/vehicle)
CPCB/ ARAI (Automotive Research Association of India) - Emission Factor
development for Indian Vehicles – 2008
Type of
vehicle
Make
considered
Emission
norms
Emission Factors
g/km
CO
NO2
PM10
SO2*
Trucks
(HCV
Post 2000
BS-II
6.00
9.30
1.24
0.03
Diesel
driven)
Passenger
Cars (Diesel Post 2005
BS-II
0.06
0.28
0.015
0.004
driven)
Buses
(HCV
Post 2005
BS-II
3.92
6.53
0.30
0.026
Diesel
driven)
* Note: Emission Factor of SO2 is calculated based on Sulphur content calculations
considering Bharat Stage IV fuel norms
California Line Source dispersion Model (Caline 4) was used for particulate matter
dispersion due to increased transportation on NH-14. The model was run for one hour
considering worst case angle. The receptors location and model results for worst case
wind angle are shown in Table 4.21. The results show that at 25 m predicted
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concentration is only 0.2 µg/m3 which reduces to 0.1 µg/m3 at 750m. Thus the impact
on the pollutant level (PM10) due to increased traffic due to transportation of mineral
shall be inconsequential.
Table 4.21 : Receptor Locations And Model Results (Worst Case Wind
Angle)
Coordinates
RECEPTOR
Recpt 1
Recpt 2
Recpt 3
Recpt 4
Recpt 5
Recpt 6
Recpt 7
Recpt 8
Recpt 9
Recpt 10
Recpt 11
Recpt 12
Recpt 13
Recpt 14
4.12.2.
X
25
50
100
150
200
300
400
500
750
1000
1250
1500
1750
2000
Y
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Z
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
BRG
(DEG)
269
269
269
270
270
270
271
271
271
270
270
270
270
270
Predicted
Concentration
(PPM)
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0
0
0
0
0
Control Measures for Impact Due to Traffic
Following control measures have been suggested to prevent air pollution due to the
transportation activities:

Transport trucks/tippers shall be properly maintained.

Avoiding of overloading of trucks beyond stipulated capacity by installing
weighbridges at the check posts or near to it.

Strict compliance of tracffic rules and regulations
The Hon’ble High Court of Judicature for Rajasthan at Jaipur Bench, vide its interim
order dated 14-08-2014, in S.B.Civil Miscellaneous Stay Application 8034/2014 in
S.B.CWP No. 2372/2014 in the matter of overloading and illegal mining, had
passed certain directions as interim measures, fixing responsibilities on LOI
holders directed them to install weighing machines at the check post or close to the
check post now existing. However, machine would remain under the supervision
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Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
of Mining Department as well as Transport Department who will be responsible for
proper upkeep of records and data for regulating the loading capacity of trucks. It
has also directed Transport department to keep the records of trucks carrying bajri
to avoid overloading and if found otherwise to take action as per Motor Vehicle Act
and Rules made thereunder. It should not only take pecuniary action but take
stringent action like seizure of the truck. Taking strong note in the matter of illegal
mining the Hon’ble High Court had directed the Police Department specifically the
concerned SHO where illegal mining is reported to register the case and cause
seizure of the mining machine.
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Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
CHAPTER 5.
5.1.
: Analysis of Alternatives
General
Sand of various gradation (Fineness Modulus) is required as one of the ingredients for
preparation of plain as well as re-enforced concrete works besides in preparation of
cement-sand, mortar for masonry as well as plastering works in various civil structures.
Fine sand is also required for cement grouting purposes. Another use of fine sand is in
surface preparation by sand blast. The huge demand of these materials could be either
met through extraction from the natural available materials in shoal deposits of riverbed
quarry site or from crushing of stone aggregate obtained from quarrying operations
involving blasting at Rock in-situ quarries. The latter option involves considerable land
degradation as compared to the former. In case the river bed sand conforms to various
specification requirements of IS 383:1970 for use as fine aggregate in concrete, its
designated use in coarse aggregate for non-wearing and wearing surface in concrete
works, and the riverbed mining presents good options. The study for alternative analysis
involves in-depth examination of site and technology.
5.2.
Alternative Sites
5.2.1.
Natural River bed
In arid to semi-arid zones of Rajasthan, the rivers flowing in the alluvium (young and old)
predominantly comprises of sand and bajri and are well drained soil consisting of mud, silt
and sand invariably are deposited on the inside bends (convex banks), where the water
flows more slowly and has less power to transport the bed/sedimentary load. Thus, a river
can present numerous sites where the aggradation of sediments takes place and large
shoal deposits are formed. These sites can be used from techno-economic considerations
depending upon the distance (lead) from mine site to the sale point or end point of use.
The mining is thus site specific. In the present case the river/streams/bala which originate
from the Aravali ranges, characterized by arid landscape, barren hills, level rocky
structural plains, rock cut pediments, gravel pavements, shallow colluvium plains and
other sandy plains with thick Alluvium underneath, flow with high sediment and suspended
loads during run-off in response to flash floods. The sinuous path of these rivers is
characterized by presence of shoal deposits at inner curves where the river energy is
reduced. At such river stretches the deposition of river born material takes place. During
high stage the rivers flowing in high gradient upper reaches generally developed, velocities
exceeding 2m / second. In such reaches of the river the competency of the river is very
high and increase with the square of its velocity. The ephemeral rivers which flow through
soils of Semi-Arid Transitional Plain, transport enormous quantities of sediments and act
as a good repository of sand. The riverbed mining is thus a site specific project incumbent
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Tehsil – Sojat, District – Pali, Rajasthan
upon the quantum of availability vis-à-vis its demand. It is mainly governed by nearness
to the point of sale or end point of use and also the surface transport facilities available in
the area besides the conditions of the road network.
5.2.2.
Rock-In-Situ Quarry
Crushed Sand can also be obtained from crushing of stones obtained either from stone
quarries or from rock-in-situ quarries located on hillocks / uplands by resorting to drilling
and blasting of the rock mass. The mining operation at the quarry site shall involve such
activities which cause emission of PM10. The major activities are drilling, overburden
removal and loading, blasting, mineral loading, transporatation through haul roads and
transport roads and unloading of minerals at aggregate crushing units, besides dust
emissions from exposed quarry surface and dump surfaces. Chakrabarty et al (2002) has
assessed that the overall emission rate from the mine is governed by the following
empirical relation
Where, E= emission rate (gram / sec)
u= wind speed (m/sec)
a= area (sqkm)
p= mineral production (metric tonne/year)
b= OB handling (mm3/year)
The quarried stone material from stone quarries/rock-in-situ sites is transported to stone
processing units which involve operation like crushing (primary/secondary/tertiary);
screening and conveying and metal handling which are potential process or fugitive dust
sources of particulate emission. Fugutive dust sources generally involve the reentrainment or settled dust by wind or machine movement.
The typical particulate emission factors for various stone processing operations as per the
USEPA study given in the table below reveal that the uncontrolled emission factors could
be 5.5 kg/tonne of the mineral processed.
Table 5.1 : Particulate Emission Factors for Stone-Processing Operations
Process operation
Primary crushing
Secondary crushing and screening
Tertiary crushing and screening
Recrushing and screening
Conveying and material handling
Total
Uncontrolled Emission Factor, Kg/ton
0.25
% Contribution
4.5
0.75
3.0
2.545.5
1.0
5.5
13.6
54.5
45.5
18.2
100
Source: http://www.cpcb.nic.in
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The cumulative impact of dust emission at the stone quarry site / rock – In-situ locations
and the stone crushing unit is logically considerably higher as compared to rivebed sand
mining sites. For this reason the latter alternative is the best choice being environmental
friendly.
5.3.
Alternative Technology
The open cast mining in riverbed could be manual/semi-mechanized/mechanized
depending upon the geological and topographical setup of the mineral (ROM) to be won
and the daily/annual targeted production. The project involves open cast mining, in a
maximum depth of 3m from natural surface level of riverbed or ground water table
whichever is met earlier that is less, without blasting.
5.3.1.
Manual Method of Mining
The opencast mining process for extraction of sand and bajri primarily involves scooping
the mineral through use of implements like spade, pickaxe, shovel and crowbar etc. The
sand shall be separated from bajri by sieve screening at mine site. The loading of mineral
is also done manually at the river bed site and transported by truck/ tipper (9.0 to 10.2
metric tonnes), tractor trolley small (3 metric tonnes), tractor trolley big (6 metric tonnes)
to the point of sale or end use. The method is mainly labour oriented and is suitable where
the mining depth is stipulated within 1 to 1.5m depth from the natural surface from pit slope
stability point of view. The method can be resorted to where the targeted production is not
substantial and can be adopted where the daily production is of the order of a few hundred
cubic meter say 200 cum to 300 cum/day. Due to high manual component for excavation
as well as loading / unloading, the method can be advantageously adopted where the
labour is readily available. Due to intervention of large number of work force in the
riverbed, there shall be foreseeable impact on environment like pollution of surface water
quality, development of unhygienic conditions, biotic pressure on nearby protected forest,
besides conflict with the local community. This method of mining is most suited in states
where the provision under Minor Mineral (Concession) Rules put an embargo on
mechanical mining through excavator and other earth moving machineries in river or
stream bed by the lease holder or permit holder or contractor as the case may be. The
method is tailor-made for small leases held by lessees / licensees / permit holders and
cluster of small leases after formation of association. In such case the implementation of
common issues of environmental management plans in cluster shall be manageable as
the responsibility for the implementation of the EMP vests with the Association.
5.3.2.
Semi-Mechanized Method of Mining
In contrast to the conventional manual method, the mining by deploying mechanical
excavator including any other earth moving machines like J.C.B, Bulldozer, Pocklain,
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Loaders etc. in river or stream bed by the lease holder or permit holder or contractor as
the case may be, is highly efficient and continuous process to win exorbitantly high daily /
annual targeted production in a scientific and safe manner in accordance with the
approved mining plan. The approved mining plan also permits the use of earthmovers and
loaders in riverbeds. The Rules 37L (3) of Chapter IV A of RMMCR, 1986 amended upto
2012 also states that in order to ensure optimum production with minimum waste
generation, every lease / license / short–term permit holder shall endeavour to deploy
machinery and equipment as per mining plan. Thus use of mining machinery is not
prohibited under the RMMCR. Besides this the approved mine plan also entails semi –
mechanized method of mining and speaks about the extent of mechanization to be
followed for mining.
The targeted annual production as per approved mining plan is 1.4 million metric tonne
which corresponds to 5000 metric tonne / day by mining in 3m deep and 20m wide
benches. If this daily production is to be achieved by manually then 1110 labours shall be
needed for excavation @ 3 cum/day/labour which is equivalent to 4.2 tonne/day/labour.
Besides this approximately 930 labours will be required at mine site for loading the mineral
into the trucks.
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CHAPTER 6.
6.1.
: Environmental Monitoring Programme
General
The monitoring and evaluation of environmental parameters indicates potential changes
occurring in the environment, which paves way for implementation of rectifying measures
wherever required to maintain the status of the natural environment. Evaluation is also a
very effective tool to judge the effectiveness or deficiency of the measures adopted and
provides insight for future corrections.
The main objective of environmental monitoring is to ensure that the obtaining results in
respect of environmental attributes and prevailing conditions during construction and
operation stage are in conformity with the prediction during the planning stage. In case of
substantial deviation from the earlier prediction of results to identify the cause and suggest
remedial measures. Environmental monitoring is also mandatory to meet compliance of
statutory provisions under the Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986, relevant conditions
regarding monitoring covered under EC orders issued by the MoEF as well as the
conditions set forth under the order issued by Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board
while granting CTE/CTO.
6.2.
Areas of concern
In case of river bed mining projects, the changes relating to water, aquatic biota, air, noise,
biodiversity of the area, stability of river bank slopes, river hydraulics and plantation
programme need special attention, from monitoring point of view, during the conceptual
mine plan period to judge the efficiency of measures implemented for conservation of
environment.
6.3.
Environmental Monitoring
The overall impact assessment of the proposed project was carried out and monitoring
plans have been framed based on the severity of impacts in different areas. During the
EIA study, it has been observed that the Ambient Air Quality and Noise, Water Quality are
going to be affected marginally though temporary. The preventive/ curative measures to
reduce the ill effects of construction activities on these parameters have been suggested
under various plans. A holistic approach has been adapted for monitoring of air, noise and
water related factors under different heads with suitable financial provisions for their
implementation.
6.4.
Environmental Monitoring Programme
All the environmental parameters viz. air, water, noise, soil will be monitored regularly in
order to detect any changes from the baseline status. Environmental Monitoring program
will be followed till the mining operations ceases.
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6.4.1.
Air Quality Monitoring and Management:
Three locations one each in core zone (where the maximum mining is envisaged) and two
each in buffer zone preferably at such intersection of the roads through which the
increased vehicular traffic due to transportation of mined out material is stipulated to pass
en-route in the tehsil will be monitored for four weeks in every season except monsoon.
The 24 hr. monitoring shall be done in respect of PM10, SO2 and NOx. It will be mandatory
on the part of the project proponent (lessee) that they use the required equipment for
monitoring gaseous pollutants in and around the project and periodically put into their
website, accessible for public domain the results of Ambient Air Quality monitored besides
providing the static information regarding mine lease area , production, lease duration.
The information will also be made available on display board affixed at a conspicuous
place in their site office. In addition the lessee will submit a detailed report every fortnight
to the statutory bodies / authorities for evaluation and monitoring purposes. Any abnormal
rise will be investigated to identify the causes and appropriate action will be initiated. The
air quality in and around the project area can be improved by adopting following practices/
methods. (Table 6.1)
Table 6.1 : Air Quality Monitoring and Management
Potential
Impact
Air
Emissions
Parameters for
Monitoring
Timing
Random checks of log
book of equipment and
follow-up action as per
manufactures manual.
At
the
commissionin
g of mining
operations.
Vehicle logs are to be
maintained
regularly.
The overloading of
vehicles
to
be
prevented by properly
adjusting the weighing
machine to display the
true weight (tare and
loaded).
The top soil mainly consisting silt / clay Absence of heaps /
as crust material in the riverbed must stockpiles of top soil
be removed 2 to 3 days before the pit
mining in the area earmarked is taken
up. The top soil shall be scrapped,
collected and stacked systematically
on the upper terraces where plantation
is to be carried out as per approved
mine plan.
During
site
clearing,
transportatio
n of minerals
Action
All
mining
and
transportation
equipment are operated as per
specified design parameters of the
manufacturers. To keep gas emissions
from the vehicles within the prescribed
limit, proper tuning of engine should be
ensured and periodically checked.
Vehicle trips to be controlled as per
mining plan. Either hooded trucks or
covered with tarpaulin or polyethylene
sheet
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During
site
clearing
as
per
progressive
mine plan
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Potential
Impact
Action
Periodical grading and maintenance of
haul roads so as to facilitate smooth
movement of vehicles and minimizing
the incidence of spillage of sand bajri.
Regular water spraying shall be done
on haul roads through moving
sprinklers, besides water spray on top
surface of the area to be mined on daily
basis subject to site requirements.
Ambient air quality within mine lease
area and other locations of the proposed unit to be monitored.
6.4.2.
Parameters for
Monitoring
Timing
Depressions
and
furrows created on the
surface profile of the
road due to continuous
movement
of
the
vehicles.
Quantity
of
water
requirement shall be
monitored from daily
water utilization register
as well as from water
consumption statement.
The ambient air quality
will conform to the
standards for PM10, SO2
and NOx
During entire
operation
period
of
mine
During entire
operation
period
of
mine
As
per
RSPCB
requirement.
Ambient Noise Levels Monitoring and Management:
Noise levels in the working area will be monitored once in every season till the continuation
of mining operations. Ambient noise levels will also be monitored once in a season at one
site in the core area zone (where the maximum mining is envisaged) and two each in
buffer zone preferably at such intersection of the roads through which the increased
vehicular traffic due to transportation of mined out material is stipulated to pass en-route
in the tehsil will be monitored for four weeks in every season except monsoon to evaluate
the noise status and its effects on the surrounding community. Due to use of excavators
and loaders the level of noise will definitely rise above threshold level at the place in the
riverbed where the machines are in operation. But this increase in noise level will not be
continuous and shall be governed by the breakup of cycle of operation of the machine
which includes idle time also. Therefore, it would be most appropriate if following
measures are rigorously applied during construction phase of the project. (Table 6.2)
Table 6.2 : Noise Level Monitoring and management
Potenti
al
Impact
Noise
Action
Parameters for
Monitoring
Inventory of all noise generating mining Equipment
machinery onsite along with the reading
information of the running hours
corresponding to useful life of
machinery to be prepared. All
equipment under deployment must be
maintained in good condition.
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logs,
Timing
noise During
entire
mining
operation.
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Potenti
al
Impact
Action
Parameters for
Monitoring
Timing
Generation of noise due to transport Maintenance
vehicles
vehicles
records of During
transportation.
Site working practices During
records,
entire
mining
operation.
Implement good working practices
(equipment selection and siting) to
minimize noise and also reduce its
impacts on human health (ear muffs, safe
distances and enclosures).
The Noise level should not exceed the Noise level monitoring
permissible limit both during day and
night times.
All mining and transportation equipment
are operated as per specified design
parameters of the manufacturers. Proper
maintenance of vehicles and their
silencers to minimize noise levels
Vehicle trips to be controlled as per
mining plan. Either hooded trucks or
covered with tarpaulin or polyethylene
sheet. Minimum use of horns in the
village area. Phasing out of old trucks
who have outlived their useful life.
Random checks of log At
the
book of equipment and commissioni
follow-up action as per ng of mining
manufactures manual.
operations.
Vehicle logs are to be
maintained regularly. The
overloading of vehicles to
be prevented by properly
adjusting the weighing
machine to display the true
weight (tare and loaded).
Plantation of trees on the upper terrace of Green
development
the delineated reach of the river where programme
in
the
the mining activity have to be carried out approved mining plan
including the avenue plantation along
haul roads to attenuate the noise level.
6.4.3.
As
per
RSPCB requirement or
quarterly
whichever is
lesser.
During site
clearing,
transportatio
n of minerals
During
entire period
of the mining
operation.
Water Quality Monitoring and Management:
Water is one of most precious natural resources. Human beings are highly dependent on
water for various purposes such as domestic needs, sanitation irrigation, industry, and
disposal of wastes etc. The terrestrial and aquatic fauna also depend upon the water. The
mining activity in riverbed will lead to increase in siltation though to a lesser degree.
Further, due to congregation of laborers during the operation phase, open air defecating
in the river bed section cannot be ruled out completely, if proper sanitation facilities are
not provided to them. The rivers flowing in the area are ephemeral and flow during
monsoon only, thus the probable water pollutants which may cause pollution during are:


Suspended solids
Biodegradable organic matters
Pathogens and vectors
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
Dissolved inorganic solids
The riverbed mining in 3m depth will have an impact on ground water level for monitoring
of which the quality of the ground water shall have to be monitored in each quarter of the
year besides observation of ground water levels during pre-monsoon (May) and post
monsoon (November) every year at selected wells site. Besides this the surface water
quality shall be monitored by taking samples from core area (where the maximum mining
is envisaged) u/s of the lease area and also from two places at buffer zone preferably from
medium dam on main rivers to ascertain the surface water quality. The Bureau of Indian
Standards has prescribed clear cut guidelines for the maintenance of surface water quality
standards (IS:2296-1982). The physico-chemical characteristics of the ground water
should be compared with the drinking water specification as per IS:10500. The water
quality parameters to be monitored quarterly are shown in Table 6.3.
Table 6.3 : Physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters will be monitored
S. No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
6.4.4.
Parameter
pH
Electrical Conductivity
Turbidity
Water Temperature
TSS
TDS
Total hardness
Magnesium
Calcium
Nitrates
Sulphates
S. No.
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
Parameter
Fluorides
Iron
DO
Phosphates
BOD
COD
Alkalinity
Chlorides
Oil and Grease
Total Coliform
E-Coli
Soil Quality Assessment:
Soil samples will be collected from one site each at core and buffer zone and quality will
be checked once every except monsoon in order to see any positive or negative impacts
of the operations. Soil samples will be collected from the plantation areas within the ML
area in order to observe the improvement or deficiencies in the soil fertility and to take
corrective actions.
The soil analysis shall be carried out for the physico chemical
characteristics like pH, electrical conductivity, organic carbon and status of macro –
nutrients like Nitrogen, Phosphate, Potassium and micro – nutrients like zinc, iron, boron,
etc.
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6.4.5.
Plantation
Plantation before the onset of monsoon season will be done progressively until the final
closure of the mine. An environment management group will carry out the monitoring as
per schedule durations and parameters mentioned in Table 6.4.
6.4.6.
Monitoring of erosion and stability of river bank
The project proponent shall closely monitor the condition of the bank of the river/khad with
in the mine lease area, one time each before monsoon and post monsoon. Based on the
observation, the corrective measures in the form of retaining wall / gabion structure shall
be provided at the affected banks at the toe, to control the land slips/bank erosion.
6.5.
Environment Management Group
For implementation of Environment Management Plan, a small unit called Environment
Management Group will be formed under the control of the Environment Engineer. The
job of this cell will be:

Implementation of pollution control measure.

Monitoring programme implementation.

Post-plantation care.

To estimate the efficiency of pollution control measures taken.

To bring out any other unforeseen effect on environment not covered under report.

Seeking expert’s advice when needed.
The task of monitoring of various environmental parameters could be assigned to State
Pollution Control Board or any other agency approved by MoEF / SPCB. However, the
project proponent shall procure a few field instruments like RDS, Noise level meter, Water
testing kit.
6.6.
Environment Policy/Violations of Environment Norms/ Hierarchal
System
6.6.1.
Environment Policy
The project proponent (LOI Holder) is a firm which has a laid down environmental policy
of its own and in furtherance of their business philosophy are committed to maintaining a
clean and sustainable environment with concerted efforts towards improvement of
environment performance in routine business. The firm shall strictly adhere to the central
and the state rules and acts in context to the environment protection. The project
proponent (would be lessee) shall comply with the environmental norms and conditions
set forth in the main Environmental Clearance of the project and shall submit compliance
to the MoEF periodically as warranted under the EC letter. The environment policy is
enclosed as Annexure-V (A).
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6.6.2.
Infringement / deviation of the environment or forest norms/conditions
The project proponent shall comply with the environmental norms set out by the Centre /
State Government, which are being closely monitored by the MoEF, New Delhi and the
State Pollution Control Board, Rajasthan, Forest Department. IPHD and Department of
Mines and Geology, Rajasthan. Any infringement / deviation / violation of the rules
contained in various environment and other rules and acts such as Rajasthan State
Environmental Policy, 2010, Rajasthan State Water Policy, 2010, Rajasthan State Forest
Policy, 2010, Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act,
1981, 1987, Noise Pollution (Regulation & Control) Rule 2000 and the Rajasthan Minor
Mineral Concession Rules, 1986 (amended up to 19 June, 2012), if and whenever brought
to the notice of the lessee, the same shall be addressed by him in the light of the expressed
non-compliance reporting system, Annexure V (B). As a safeguard a well-documented
Environment monitoring plan has been formulated.
6.6.3.
Hierarchical System of the Company
The organizational structure of the firm belonging to the project proponent is annexed as
Annexure- V (C). The firm is headed by the Project Proponent (would be lessee) duly
assisted by the Manager Mines & Environment shall act as project head. The mines
manager is responsible for execution of works and enforcement of environmental
laws/norms in respect of the project and is supported a Foreman who are responsible for
direct execution of work and planning through Supervisors and Assistant Supervisors
working at different locations. The environmental issues and compliance of the EC
conditions shall be looked into by the Manager (Mines & Environment).
6.7.
Cost of Environment Monitoring Plan
The cost in respect of monitoring of environmental attributes, parameter to be monitored,
sampling/monitoring locations with frequency and cost provision against each is shown in
Table 6.4. The total cost of environmental plan works out to Rs. 15.0 lac.
Table 6.4 : Summary of Environmental Monitoring Programme
S.
No.
Aspect
1 Air Quality
monitoring
Parameters to
be monitored
SO2, NOX, CO,
PM10
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Frequency
Location
Four weeks in
3 locations as
one season
already
except monsoon specified
Cost
Estimates
(Rs. lac)
10.0
Implementing and
Pursuing Agency
Rajasthan State
Pollution Control
Board or any approved
agency of MOEF
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2 Noise Quality
Monitoring
Noise level
3 Water quality
Monitoring
All parameters Once quarterly 3 locations as
given in water except monsoon already
quality
specified
4 Soil
5. Plantation
6. Erosion and
Bank Stability
Once quarterly 3 locations as
except monsoon already
specified
Parameters
Once yearly
3 locations as
given under soil except monsoon already
monitoring
specified
Plants and
At the time of
Green belt
shrubs in the
plantation before area within
green belt area monsoon and
the mine
and there
quarterly
lease area,
mortality status thereafter
haul roads
Conditions of
Before monsoon
vulnerable banks
and post
Lease area
and of check
monsoon every
dam /spurs
year
7. Celebration of
Environment
Day
Yearly
At Tehsil
1.5
2.5
Rajasthan State
Pollution Control
Board or any approved
agency of MOEF
Rajasthan State
Pollution Control
Board or any approved
agency of MOEF
0.5
Rajasthan State
Pollution Control
Board or any approved
agency of MOEF
-
Project Proponent as
routine inspection
-
Project Proponent as
routine inspection
0.5
Project Proponent
15.00
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CHAPTER 7.
7.1.
: Additional Studies
General
After having gone through the various aspects of the river bed mining at the proposed
site and the related documents like Form–I and PFR, the MoEF in its 22nd meeting,
held on 26.9.2013, set out the scoping clearance and issued ToR with additional ToR
proposed for environmental impact assessment studies and preparation of
environmental management plan for river bed mining and for submission of report after
Public Hearing. The Terms of Reference issued by the MoEF is very comprehensive
and subjective covering every aspects of mining activities and the related
environmental issues to be addressed.
7.2.
Replenishment Studies
7.2.1.
Sediment Yield From Watershed
The rate of gross or absolute silt production (erosion) in the watershed and the ability
of the stream system to transport the eroded material in a river and then to a reservoir
has the direct relation with the quantity of sediment delivered into a reservoir. The rate
of gross erosion is dependent upon many physical factors live climatic conditions,
nature of soil, slope of the area, topography and the land use. Hydro-physical
conditions of the watershed govern the capability of transporting the eroded material.
It has been observed that the average rate of sediment production decreases as the
size of drainage area increase and the larger watershed the lesser is the variation
between the rates. The larger watershed presents more opportunity for deposition of
silt during its traverse from the point of production. The watershed with maximum land
use class of forest generate very low rate of production unless the forest are degraded
or open forest. The cultivated watersheds with unscientific farming produce very high
rate of silt production. The total amount of eroded material, which reaches a particular
hydraulic control point, is termed as sediment yield. The sediment control of inflow is
governed by Character of run-off; Susceptibility of soils; The extent and density of
vegetative cover in the area; and The hydraulic efficiency of the drainage system.
The sediment load comprises of bed load as well as suspended load, the former being
the eroded material kept in motion in the bottom layers of the flow due to rolling, sliding
and hopping, while the latter being the smaller size particles in saltation being thrown
in suspension by the upward component of the turbulent velocity of flow. When the
tractive force exceeds the frictional resistance between sand particles the latter are set
in motion. The resistance to sediment to motion is directly proportional to the diameter
of sediments ‘d’ and the specific weight of sediments in water (G-1), where ‘G’ is the
specific gravity of sediments. The equation of critical tractive forces is:-
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
c = 0.078d
where, ‘d’ is in mm and c is in kg/sqm
7.2.2.
Estimation of Sedimentation Rate
The scientific survey for determination of soil erosion rate from catchment and
deposition rate in reservoirs have been frequently and widely conducted in past in India
and in other countries. Sedimentation rate on the basis of actual measurement have
been arrived for different perennial rivers by stream sampling of sediment load
including bed load. Surveys of some of the existing reservoirs was carried out to assess
the actual silting experienced by them over long period after impoundment. Thus the
fundamental method for estimation of sediment is on the basis of actual measurements
carried out in the basin.
7.2.2.1
Sedimentation rate on the basis of actual measurement
Sediment sampling over a substantially long period is a suitable and logical method of
obtaining information of sediment load being carried out by a stream. No sediment load
observation have been made in the case of any of the rivers flowing the district/Tehsil
as the rivers are seasonal and flow during monsoon alone and that the study period
was post monsoon and thus there was no flow in the river. The study of soil erosion
and sediment yield in the Indian Arid Zone was conducted by Central Arid Zone
Research Institute, Jodhpur (CARZI).
The arid zone of India has been subdivided into three zones. The Zone – I (42900
sq.km) is a humid region and has more dependable irrigation system through perennial
rivers. It comprises of part of Punjab and Haryana and is irrigated by Abohar and
Bhatinda branch system. Zone-II (148600 sq.km) comprises of sandy plain, interdune
plains, sand dunes and isolated hillocks. It covers Ganganagar, Bikaner, Jodhpur,
Jaisalmer, Barmer, Churu, Jhunjunu, Sikar and Nagor district in Rajasthan. Zone – III
represents the sloping region with intergrated drainage network of ephemeral river
channel. In Rajasthan it extends over Pali, Jalore and Sirohi districts. The hydrological
zones of arid region of India is shown in Figure 7.1.
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
68°
72°
70°
74°
30°
76°
N
30°
Ko Br
tla .
Br
.
.
ar Br
Aboh
PUNJABa.
Sangrur
nd
ati
Bh Bhatinda.
Ganganagar I
E Sirsa HARYANA
Jind
N
28°
Hisar
Ca
na
l
O
i
dh
an Bikaner
a G
dir RAJASTHAN
Jaisalmer In
Nagaur
ZONE II
Z
26°
Churu
28°
Bhiwani
Jhunjhunu
Sikar
26°
Jodhpur
Barmer
Lu
ni
Ri
ve
r
ZONE III
Jalore
Bikaner
24°
Great Rann of Kuchh
GUJARAT
Bhuj
ZONE III
24°
ZONE II
Scale
50
Surenaranagar ZONE -I
22°
ARABIAN
SEA
68°
100
Region with Major Inputs
from more Humid Regions
ZONE -II
ZONE III
ZONE -III
70°
0
200 kms
Little
Rann of Kuchh
72°
74°
22°
Plainlands with primitive/ no
stream network
Sloping Region with integrated
stream network
76°
Figure 7.1 : Hydrological Zones of Arid Region of India
The approach of the study was to collect information on the spatial variation of stream
discharges and the sediment yield for 34 Gauge and Discharge site (G& D) in the zone
on various tributaries of the Luni River. The discharge rate for run-off and the sediment
concentration for 16 years was analyzed for computation of sediment yield. Wide
variation in the magnitude of annual sediment yield was observed for different
physiographic reasons. The results plotted in figure shows skewed frequency
distribution. The annual sediment yield results thus obtained are shown in Table 7.1
and the relationship developed between sediment yield and effective rainfall is depicted
in Figure 7.2. The relationship developed is Es=3.68ER0.99, where ER is effective
rainfall (mm) and Es is sediment yield. The annual sediment yields from the other
physiographic reasons are in agreement with mean rates reported from the arid regions
of Australia, Tanzania and USA (Jones, 1981) under similar rainfall conditions.
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
181
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
Table 7.1 : Annual Sediment Yield in Indian Arid Zones
Physiographic Region
Average sediment yield
3
No. of
m /ha/year
Ham/sq.km/year
Observations
Sandy Plain
3.4
0.034
36
Dune Complex
4.8
0.048
18
Younger Alluvial Plain
2.7
0.027
30
Older Alluvial Plain
18.4
0.184
5
Rocky/Gravelly
14.3
0.143
11
Piedmont
Source: IAHS Publication No. 236, 1996
10000
ES =3.68 ER 0.99 (R2 = 0.84,P: 0.01)
SEDIMENT YIELD,Es (T/Sq km)
Abohar
1000
100
10
1
0
1
10
1000
100
EFFECTIVE RAINFALL, ER (mm)
Figure 7.2 : Sediment Yield as a function of effective rainfall
The effective rainfall has been worked out on the basis of monthly evapotranspiration
coefficient and average recent rainfall data for 10 years (2004-13). The computation of
sediment yield of Pali tehsil based on the relationship derived for sediment yield as
function of the effective rainfall is shown in Table 7.2.
Table 7.2 : Sediment Yield as a function of Effective rainfall
Month
Monthly Average
Rainfall (mm)
Period 2004-13
January
February
March
1.4
3.2
0.4
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
Coefficient of
evapotranspiration
as per Penman
method
0.6
0.6
0.7
Effective
Rainfall ER
(mm)
0.84
1.92
0.28
Sediment
Yield in
tonne /
sq.km
3.10
7.02
1.04
Sediment
Yield in cubic
meter / ha
0.012
0.028
0.004
182
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Total
4.5
8.07
33.63
116.87
168.8
86.1
2.4
10.1
0.6
436.1
0.7
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.7
0.7
0.6
0.6
8.4
3.15
6.456
26.904
93.496
135.04
60.27
1.68
6.06
0.36
336.456
11.46
23.32
95.80
328.80
473.16
212.89
6.15
21.90
1.34
1185.98
0.046
0.093
0.383
1.315
1.893
0.852
0.025
0.088
0.005
4.74
Empirical Relation
7.2.2.2
Sediment load remains ungauged for majority of streams for want of setup of GDS
sites (Gauge, Discharge and Sediment) in non-classified river basins. Many empirical
relations have been evolved for determination of offsite deposition of eroded soil and
sediment yield on the basis of analysis of data from different catchments of varying
catchment area. The sediment yield has been worked out on the basis of some of such
equations as applicable for Indian conditions and
a) Dr. A.N. Khosla’s Findings :
y = 0.036 million cubic meter / 100 sq.km of catchment
= 3.60 cubic meter/ha
Recent studies carried out in some of the Indian reservoirs suggest that actual silting
observed in them is higher than what was postulated in Dr. Khosla’s Findings. The
enveloping curve developed by Dr. Khosla had only five points pertaining to data of
Indian reservoir while the remaining 33 points related to the reservoirs of other
countries. The sediment rate of 3.60 cubic meter / ha is 24% less than 4.74 cubic meter
/ ha as actually assessed on the basis of relationship developed between sediment
yield effective rainfall by CARZI Jodhpur on the basis of actual observation of stream
discharges and sediment yield in the zone of various tributaries of Luni river.
b)
Dr. D.V. Joglekar Enveloping Curve
y=0.597/A0.24 where
y= annual silting rate in million cubic meter per 100 sq. km.
A= Catchment area in sq. km.
For 1sq km catchment area the value of y
y = 0.597/10.24 = 0.597 million cubic meter / 100 sq km
= 5.97 cubic meter/ ha
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
183
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
The sediment rate of 5.97 cubic meter / ha is 25.95 % more than 4.74 cubic meter
/ ha as actually assessed by CARZI Jodhpur on the basis of actual observation of
stream discharges and sediment yield in the zone of various tributaries of Luni river.
c) Dr. R.S. Varshney’s Regional Enveloping Curves for Northern Indian River
For plain rivers with catchment upto 1000 sq.km.
y=0.392/A0.202
where,
y= annual silting rate in million cubic meter per 100 sq. km.
A= Catchment area in sq. km.
For 1sq km catchment area the value of y
y = 0.392/10.202 = 0.392 million cubic meter / 100 sq. km
= 3.92 cubic meter/ ha
The sediment rate of 3.92 cubic meter / ha is 17.3% less than 4.74 cubic meter /
ha as actually assessed by CARZI Jodhpur on the basis of actual observation of
stream discharges and sediment yield in the zone of various tributaries of Luni river.
d) Garde and Kothyari
The author have analysed data from 50 catchment with an area ranging from 43
sq. km to 81880 sq. km and evolved the following equation for meet annual
sediment yield.
Sam = CP0.6 Fe1.7 S0.25 Dd0.1 (P max/P)0.19
Where,
Sam = mean annual sediment yield in cum
C = A co-efficient depending on the geographical location of the catchment
P = Average annual rainfall in cm
S = Land slope
Dd = Drainage density in km/ sq.km.
P max = Average maximum monthly rainfall
A = Catchment Area in sq.km.
Fe = Erosion Factor defined as under
Fe = (0.8 FA + 0.6 FG +0.3 FF + 0.1 Fw) /A
Where,
FA = area of available land in catchment
FG = area occupied by grass and scrub
FF = area of forest land
FW = area of waste land
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
184
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
On the basis of analysis of 154 catchment in India Garde and Kothyari produced
an ISO-Erosion Rate Map of India (Figure 7.1). In the absence of any other
information the erosion rates in tonne / sq. km / yr, for planning purposes, can be
obtained by using the map. As per the map the study area lies between contours
of 350 tonne / sq.km / yr and 1000 tonne / sq. km. / yr erosion rate but it is close to
the latter. In any case the average value of 675 tonne / sq.km. or 4.82 cubic meter
/ ha can be conservatively adopted.
Figure 7.3 : Iso-Erodent Map of India after Kothyari
e) Dandy Bolten Study
Dandy and Bolton studied sedimentation data from about 1500 reservoirs, ponds,
and sediment detention basins with drainage areas between 1 to 30,000 sq.mile
and found that the annual sediment yield per unit area was inversely related to the
0.16 power of the drainage area:
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
185
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
Where,
S = Sediment yield in tons per square mile per year;
SR = Reference sediment yield of 1645 tonne/year corresponding to a 1 sq. mile
drainage
area,
A = Drainage area in square miles
AR = Reference drainage area in square mile
Dandy and Bolton also analysed sedimentation and mean annual runoff data from
505 reservoirs and inferred that annual sediment yield per unit area was increases
sharply as mean annual runoff Q increases from 0 to 2 inches and thereafter, it
decreased exponentially. This led to the following equations.
For Q<2 inches
- - - - - Eq. 1
For Q >2
inches
- - - - - Eq. 2
Where,
QR = reference mean annual runoff QR = 2 inches
Dandy and Bolton combined Eqs. 1 and 2 into a set of equations to express
sediment yield in terms of drainage area and mean annual runoff.
For Q <2 in.:
- - - - - Eq. 3
For Q > 2 in.:
- - - - - Eq. 4
Putting values of SR = 1645 tons/mi2/y, QR = 2 inches, and AR = 1 sq.mile, Eq. 3 and
4 reduces to the followings set of equations:
For Q <2 in.:
S = 1280 Q0.46(1.43 – 0.26 log A)
For Q >2 in.:
S = 1965e-0.055Q(1.43 – 0.26 log A)
- - - - - Eq. 5
- - - - - Eq. 6
In several cases, local factors such as soils, geology, topography, land use, and
vegetation may have greater bearing on sediment yield than either mean annual
runoff or drainage area. Nevertheless, these equations provide a first
approximation to be regional assessment of sediment yield for watershed planning
purposes. Equations 5 and 6 are based on average values of grouped data;
therefore, they should be used with caution. Besides Dandy & Bolton themselves
has category stated that use of the equation to predict sediment yield for a specific
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
186
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
location would be unwise because of the wide variability caused by local factors
not considered in the equation development. Actual sediment yield form individual
drainage basins may vary 10-fold or even 100-fold from computed yields.
In the present case for effective catchment of 675 sq.km and the mean annual
runoff corresponding to monthly average of 436 mm for the observed data from
1973 to 2012 has been computed as under.
Estimation of mean annual runoff on the basis of empirical relation as applicable to
the study area falling in Rajasthan.
R = (P-175)/2500 X P = 37.4 mm
Since the mean annual runoff is less than 2 inches, Eq. 5 shall be adopted for
working the sediment yield.
S = 1280 Q0.46(1.43 – 0.26 log A)
= 429.7 metric tonne/km2/yr or 4.30 metric tonne / ha or 3.07 cubic meter / ha.
The annual sediment rate on the basis of Dandy Bolten equation are lower than the
rates arrived on the basis of actually assessed by CARZI Jodhpur on the basis of
actual observation of stream discharges and sediment yield in the zone of various
tributaries of Luni river
7.2.2.3
Conclusion - Annual Sediment Rates to be Adopted
The summary of silt rate on the basis of various methods described is presented in
Table 7.3.
Table 7.3 : Annual Sediment Rates by Various Methods
S.
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Method
Actual Observation of tributaries by
CARZI Jodhpur
Dr. A.N. Khsola’s Findings
Dr . D.V. Joglekar Enveloping Curve
Dr. R.S. Varshney’s Enveloping Curve
Garde and Kothyari
Dandy Bolten
Annual Sediment Rate
Cubic meter / ha
Tonne / ha
4.74
6.64
3.6
5.97
3.92
4.82
3.07
5.04
8.36
5.49
6.75
4.30
The siltation rate of 4.74 cum/ha is also comparable with the siltation rate of 4.82
cum/ha as deduced from the ISO – Erodent Map of India (Garde and Kothyari).
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
187
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
7.2.3.
Computation of annual Sedimentation load:
The major drainage flowing through Tehsil Pali are Khardi, Mithri, Bandi, Somesar,
Ugti, Sukri and Khari. These drainages form part of sub-watershed 6A2C3 and 6A2C4
as per Watershed Atlas of India and marked in catchment area map (Figure 3.6).
Sediment production occurs in the drainage basin and sediment delivery is limited to
major flood flows. When run-off occurs from severe storms or torrential rainfall flash
floods of high magnitude flow in the drainage system along with large quantities of
sediments which are transported through the rivers and get deposited at depositional
or convex banks due to slower velocity of flow. Thus it is apparent that any sediment
particle detached from its original configuration shall take time to reach the streams for
onwards journey. The lower order streams (1st and 2nd order) generate more sediments
due to their higher bed gradient but it is the higher order streams flowing with large
discharge responsible for creating high tractive force needed for transportation of bed
load and suspended sediments.
With rivers flowing through different tehsils / district it is not feasible to confine the
watershed into one tehsil. Depending upon the topography, the area in anyone tehsil
could be the catchment for nearby drain/stream flowing in contiguous tehsil/district.
Besides this the drainage basin in tehsil/district has been harnessed in the form of
reservoir and tanks created across the main rivers and their tributaries the details of
which are provided in Table 7.4. During flood the silt ladden discharge is intercepted
by the structures and is entrapped in thse reservoirs except for the period of outflow
from the dam which is possible only when the inflow into the dam exceeds the reservoir
capacity. In case of smaller weirs/sluice/dams the condition of outflow is invariably
achieved during good monsoon season. But by contrast this situation is none-to-happy
in context of larger dams as in the case of Jawai Dam which has been filled to its FRL
only in 9 years out of 56 years as is evident from Table 7.5. For transportation of the
sediment it is necessary that the rivers flow during monsoon which is possible only in
case of smaller tanks and reservoirs. The pictorial view of prominent dam in tehsil is
shown in Figure 7.4
Considering the geographical area of the tehsil as the catchment for the river system
draining through it and 50% of it as the intercepted catchment by different reservoirs,
tanks, weir, anicuts, dams, and the effective catchment area is 675 sq.km. The
sediment yield from this portion of catchment @ 1185.98 tonne/sq.km works out to 0.8
million tonne/year. The project envisages annual production of 1.4 million tonne or 7.0
million tonne in 5 years lease period. Thus the annual extraction exceeds the annual
deposition by 0.6 million tonne which implies that the deposition rate is about 42.85%
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
188
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
lower than the annual extraction rate and can be considered equivalent to the annual
extraction rate. The mine pits will get replenished provided there are two to three events
of floods in every monsoon. The replenishment takes place faster during the first flood
and thereafter the rate of replenishment decreases. For safe replenishment of river bed
mine pits it is necessary that the mining activities are carried out in such reaches which
are susceptible to deposition like the convex banks. Since the mineable reserves are
146.96 MMT against which 7 MMT can be safely extracted during the lease period
without taking into account the annual replenishment. The area mined out every year
will get replenished after every consecutive good monsoon seasons, reckoned from
the end of pre-monsoon season of the year of extraction, provided the free reach of
the river receive run-off from three to four events of flood every monsoon. It is therefore
assessed that the mined out area within 5 years shall be completely replenished after
5 years reckoned from the cessation of the mining provided every year average annual
rainfall during rainy season (436 mm) occurs in the catchment. The schedule of annual
production and deposition is shown below.
Particular / Year
Annual Production
(MMT)
Annual Deposition
(MMT)
1st
2nd 3rd
1.40
0.00
0.80
4th
5th
6th
7th
8th
1.40 1.40 1.40 1.40
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.80 0.80 0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
9th
10th Total
0.00 0.00
0.80 0.80
7.00
7.20
Figure 7.4 : Pictorial View of Sardar Samand Dam in Tehsil Sojat
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
189
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
Table 7.4 : Tanks under the jurisdiction of Water Resources Department
S.
No
Name of
Dam
River/
Nallah
Nearest
City
Ht.above
lowest
foundation
(M)
Length
of Dam
(M)
Catchment
Area in
Sqkm
Yield
in
Mcft
Gross
storage
capacity
(Mcum)
Live
storage
Capacity
Mcum
Length
of Canal
system in
k.m.
Type
of Dam
Design
purpose (
Irrigation ,
Water
supply ,
power
generation
etc.)
Command Area in
hectares
GCA
CCA
ICA
1
Sardar
Samand
Sukri
pali
35.00
9000
2064
2848
88.17
88.17
64.7
13245
10325
8562
Earthen
Irrigation +
Water supply
2
Hemawas
sumer
pali
12.00
7924.88
1120
1900
62.55
62.55
33.59
9115
8704
6093
Earthen
Irrigation +
Water supply
3
Kharda
Kharda
feeder &
local
catchment
pali
7.00
3000
180
240.95
18.8
18.8
17.82
3006
2451
2220
Earthen
Irrigation +
Water supply
4
Baniawas
Khari
pali
6.20
6082
600
1273
8.49
7.84
8.4
1535
1462
899
Earthen
Irrigation +
Water supply
5
Giroliya
Bandi
Nalla
pali
3.65
3960
691
545
4.95
4.2
15.69
2540
2429
1215
Earthen
Irrigation +
Water supply
6
Endla
Local
Nalla
pali
4.70
5400
46
98.71
6.37
6.03
3.60
810
688
607
Earthen
Irrigation +
Water supply
7
Vayad
Local
Nalla
pali
4.80
3350
800
96.18
1.44
1.44
3.36
368
350
263
Earthen
Irrigation +
Water supply
8
Sali ki
Dhani
Local
Nalla
pali
4.70
3075
98.7
58.57
1.55
1.33
5.13
384
369
259
Earthen
Irrigation +
Water supply
Lordiya
Lordiya
feeder &
local
catchment
pali
-
3350
25.8
-
1.23
1.23
0.15
159
138
121
Earthen
Irrigation +
Water supply
9
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
190
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
10
Bandi
Nehra
Bandi
Nadi
pali
8.75
7200
2693
11
Bomadara
pick up
weir
Khari &
Sukri
pali
1.92
5029
1254
12
Juna
malari
Local
Sadri
10. 50
1915.00
13
Sadri
Sadri
28.44
14
Kana dam
Desuri
15
Muthana
Local
16
Rajpura
17
7.36
6.52
17.65
1500
1.27
1.27
18
61.89
1.750
1.680
3750
450.00
319.00
349.50
54
22.5
5. 80
5. 23
19529
1382.38
12.63
1143.00
53
113.5
3. 05
3.040
10710
Desuri
12. 00
1079.00
35
99.55
2.718
2.464
Local
Desuri
12. 50
558.00
23
81.6
2. 54
Seli ki nal
Local
Desuri
13. 80
1708.00
94
414
18
47.28
Local
Desuri
16.11
1630.00
14
19
Godadhara
Local
Desuri
10.62
1348.20
20
Kesuli
Local
Bali
10. 70
21
Dantiwara
Local
Bali
22
Latara
Local
23
Kot Dam
24
1456
1452
1162
Earthen
Irrigation
Earthen
Diversion
scheme
240.00
Eathen
dam
Irrigation
1274.12
930.00
Masonary
dam
Irrigation &
Water supply
812.49
667.34
507.00
Eathen
dam
Irrigation
8700
608.38
455.89
367.00
Eathen
dam
Irrigation
2.220
4290
720.00
648.00
350.00
Eathen
dam
Irrigation
2.265
1.926
5540
511.11
414.32
343.01
Eathen
dam
Irrigation &
Water supply
47.28
1.338
1.333
4730
315.88
315.88
260.00
Eathen
dam
Irrigation
31
107
2.378
2.209
2946
492.60
492.60
379.00
Eathen
dam
Irrigation &
Water supply
137.10
77
129
2.420
2.170
2580
587.00
440.00
308.00
Eathen
dam
Irrigation
10. 00
542.50
31
98
2.770
2.630
6270
797.00
784.00
494.00
Eathen
dam
Irrigation
Bali
21.00
76. 00
20
70.8
1.410
1.301
2490
422.208
419.948
294.00
Masonary
dam
Irrigation
Local
Bali
8.10
3930.00
72
116.87
2.860
2.730
9090
283.00
521.00
469.00
Eathen
dam With
Face wall
Irrigation
Dhani
Local
Falna
8.00
2610.00
14
0.940
0.930
3340
299.00
220.00
135.00
Eathen
dam
Irrigation
25
Mithri
Mithri
River
Bali
15.70
1545.00
77
292.6
8.710
8.310
4570
1996.00
1930.00
1129.0
0
Eathen
dam
Irrigation
26
Sewari
Local
Bali
8.60
111.00
2
6.01
0.203
0.186
450
44.00
44.00
26.00
Eathen
dam
Supplimentally
Tank of Mithri
Magai
River
Ghanerao
River
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
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Diversion scheme
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
27
Pipla
Local
Bali
7.10
159.00
3
10.35
0.364
0.326
240m
130.00
79.00
48.00
Eathen
dam
28
Shivnath
Sagar
Local
Bali
20.10
82.30
4
50
1.410
1.410
900
522.00
421.00
240.00
Eathen
dam With
Face wall
Irrigation
29
Phutia
Local
Bali
5. 50
4903.
00
2
55.23
1.540
1.370
3480
380.00
348.00
233.00
Eathen
dam
Irrigation
30
Raipur
Luni Dam
Raipur
Luni
River
Raipur
18.90
341.50
373
50.97
9.22
7.63
22.81
4168.24
2605.15
1563.0
9
Eathen
dam
Irrigation
31
Giri
Nanda
Dam
Lilari
River
Irrigation
32
Babra
Dam
33
Rajsagar
Chopra
34
Malpuria
Kanawas
35
Gajnai
36
Borinada
Raipur
10.67
350.50
102
304
5.66
5.59
11.74
1839.31
1432.60
860.00
Eathen
dam &
Masonary
Face wall
Raipur
11.00
350.00
372
247.17
3.77
3.56
8.49
598.48
537.02
482.87
Eathen
dam
Irrigation
Sojat
4.60
7680.00
113
176.61
8.16
8.04
9.90
2397.00
1670.00
1320.0
0
Eathen
dam
Irrigation
Sojat
2.15
1048.00
129
146.35
5.53
5.08
2.72
892.00
877.00
621.00
Eathen
dam
Irrigation
Sukri
River
Raipur
10.00
210.00
86
178.14
6.37
6.27
15.62
1418
1255.00
897.00
Eathen
dam
Irrigation/Water
Supply
Local
Nallah
Sojat
2.25
4026
70
79
1.72
1.72
2.1
336
242
Eathen
dam
Irrigation
Lilari
River
Tributory
Luni
River
Local
Nallah
842
37
Siriyari
Local
Nallah
Marwar
Jn.
7.93
250
39
132.63
4.48
4.13
7.44
805
763
591
Eathen
dam
Irrigation/Water
Supply
38
Kantaliya
Local
Nallah
Marwar
Jn.
7
572
81
166.2
5.34
5.18
8.19
838
759
611
Eathen
dam
Irrigation/Water
Supply
39
Phulad
Local
Nallah
Marwar
Jn.
8.23
735
49
131.04
3.72
3.49
5.19
879
810
498
Eathen
dam
Irrigation/Water
Supply
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
40
Jograwas I
& II
Local
Nallah
Marwar
Jn.
2.28
1213
77
120
3.36
3.32
3.66
931
842
486
Eathen
dam
Irrigation
41
Chirpatia
Local
Nallah
Marwar
Jn.
2.7
4710
47
91.8
2.13
2.05
0
1828
1502
405
Eathen
dam
Irrigation
42
Saran
Local
Nallah
Marwar
Jn.
3.5
330
18
66.8
1.87
1.7
3.6
524
509
263
Eathen
dam
Irrigation
43
Dhani
Local
Nallah
Bali
5.5
27.3
0.94
0.93
3.3
481
347
274
Eathen
dam
Irrigation
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
Table 7.5 : Year wise Maximum gauge Water Received, Water Utilized from Jawai
Dam
Year
1956-57
1957-58
1958-59
1959-60
1960-61
1961-62
1962-63
1963-64
1964-65
1965-66
1966-67
1967-68
1968-69
1969-70
1970-71
1971-72
1972-73
1973-74
1974-75
1975-76
1976-77
1977-78
1978-79
1979-80
1980-81
1981-82
1982-83
1983-84
1984-85
1985-86
1986-87
1987-88
1988-89
1989-90
1990-91
1991-92
1992-93
1993-94
1994-95
1995-96
Max.
gauge
in ft.
48.45
34.4
40.05
51.42
45.7
48.9
37.5
31.86
36
32
29.3
57.57
48.35
16.95
48.32
32.02
19.4
61.05
39
55.87
53.4
41
54.45
53.8
40.8
18.6
21.4
61
41.5
38.75
44
9.9
46.7
29.7
61.25
49
61.25
60.9
61.25
52.75
Gross
Capacity
in mcft.
4496
2431
3141.5
5057.7
4066
4577
2827.5
2176.96
2638
2180
1949.2
6364.6
4478
1107.25
4496.6
2189.25
1232
7273.5
3008
6019.36
5627
3265
5679
5519
3239
1190
1337
7260
3229.05
2977.25
3706
793.5
4182.5
1999.6
7327.5
4595
7327.5
7221.5
7327.5
5288
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
Water reserved in
mcft
Irrigation
PHED
-
1000
660
600
830
461
390
520
660
4650
470
1900
2000
4350
1710
3550
3500
4500
2800
Water utilized in
mcft.
Irrigation
PHED
1746.82
2249.12
2361.7
2368.63
2904.17
1660.87
740.89
1765.3
1213.56
898.28
3849.21
2545.13
1000
1107.25
1000
3464.2
900
805.66
1200
780
3770.66
2200
156.48
100
2892.06
1000
4087.7
800
1992.5
2300
2500.15
1250
3625.8
2000
660
Full water reserved
Full water reserved
2000
4610
2200
670
2829
1605
1772
Full water reserved
2174
1997
1989.06
3021
4312.4
2367
1608
4200
3476
3700
3462
3150
3490
2500
2800
Area of Irrigation in
acres
Proposed
Actual
3454
18815
23294
24818
638.85
22669
614.24
24868
595.95
16629
863.5
8895
457.28
16502
338.4
12560
264.67
11816
327.54
32082
638.87
22700
27432
604
1488
1000
22407
32421
766.67
11000
9982
1321
Nil
388.18
43400
46618
1800
6402
418
43400
36112
1308.8
40000
39552
800
23124
1691
29590
24562
804
43400
46999
1959
19756
20062
1463
6106
1546
962
943.5
43500
57032
2495.52
28800
19235
2390.7
325
1792.34
21400
28018
978
Nil
1515
21990.41
41287
2072
265
1958
43500
63679
3260
18801.64
35445
1745
35550
58700
3232
60160
2552
59935
2583
42000
24009
194
No. of
Watering
4
1
3
4
3
4
4
2
5
1
3
3
4
3
4
4
4
3
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
1996-97
1997-98
1998-99
1999-00
00-2001
2001-02
42.2
57
26.6
5.8
42.3
45.3
3418.2
6278
1726
657.26
3230.3
3880
2002-03
11.65
838
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
40.1
27.5
43.4
61.25
60.75
24
25
50.15
2765.07
1800
3591.4
7327.5
7195
1505
7.3.
5907.63
6082
650
4200
Nil
Nil
800
2050
2652
635
2142
3500
Full water reserved
Full water reserved
2727.95
709.5
1830
2125
838
900
1800
5200
5112.5
3425
3500
2250
2255
1761
664.04
2728
1755
800
1976
825
Full reserved for PHED
2263
1800
2263
2363
4621
932.35
2050
4783
2182.54
Full reserved for PHED
Full reserved for PHED
2482.63
3255.03
2352.6
2250
30000
50500
58246
1
4
32000
18252.27
24600
55714
Full reserved for
PHED
14447
15410
1
3
21600
43500
42420
34471
66076
66493
3
4
4
41100
42000
59431
4
4
2
Risk Assessment
The mining activities involve certain types of hazards, during operation and close, which
can disrupt normal activities abruptly and lead to disaster like fires, inundation, failure of
machinery, explosion, to name a few. The impending dangers or risks, which need be
investigated addressed, disaster management plan formulated with an aim to taking
precautionary steps to avert disaster and to take such action after the disaster, which limits
the damage to the minimum.
Nevertheless, the following natural/industrial problem may be encountered during the
open cast manual riverbed mining operation at the mine site.

Inundation in mine pits.

Failure of Slope of riverbanks.

Surface fire (Oil).
In order to take care of above hazards/disasters, the following will be strictly followed:
 Working of mines as per approved plans.
 All safety precautions and preventions of CMR 1957 shall be strictly followed
during all mining operations.
 Regular maintenance of transport vehicles.
 Entry of unauthorized persons will be prohibited.
 Periodic checking of worthiness of firefighting and first aid provision in the mining
area.
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 Training and refresher courses for all the employees.
 As a part of disaster management plan, a rescue team will be formed by imparting
specialized training to select mining staff.
7.4.
Inundation
The area experiences worst storms causing rainfall during monsoon season Though no
mining activities is envisaged during monsoon season (June to September), yet in the
context of the present mine the inundation cannot be ruled out due to flash flood in the
catchment during non-monsoon season as is evident from Table 7.6. It is inferred from
the Table that during non-monsoon season the monthly rainfall during November month
is maximum and infact out of 10 years it was only in November 2010 that good precipitation
ranging from 27-55 mm in a day occurred to generate run-off corresponding to maximum
one day rainfall in different tehsils of Pali. (2.68 mm – 6.65 mm)
Table 7.6 : Monthly Average and Maximum Rainfall (mm) in a day during nonmonsoon season
Monthly Average Rainfall (mm) during nonmonsoon season (2004-2013)
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Oct Nov
Dec
Tehsil
Rohat
Pali
Marwar Jn.
Sumerpur
Sojat
2.8
0.7
0.8
0
1.4
3.7
2.6
3.4
1.6
3.2
2.4
3.2
1.5
13.3
0.4
7.9
6.6
5.3
1.5
4.5
17
10.8
9.9
10.8
8.1
1.4
1.7
5.9
8.6
2.4
11.4
8.7
18.7
12.1
10.1
0.6
0.6
0.3
0
0.6
Maximum
Rainfall (mm)
in any day
55 (14-11-2010)
27 (23-11-2010)
54 (17-11-2010)
50 (23-11-2010)
35 (14-11-2010)
Run-off from
Maximum Rainfall
mm
MCM
5.86
8.25
2.68
5.95
6.65
3.66
4.50
8.35
6.38
6.14
Following precautionary measures shall be undertaken in respect of mining operation
during non- monsoon season and before the onset of monsoon

The local nalas will not be obstracted/dirverted along the boundary of lease area.

A careful assessment of the danger of inundation from surface water shall be made
before onset of monsoon season every year and adequate precautions against such
dangers shall be implemented.

Effectiveness of precautions, obstruction in normal drainage system etc. shall be
checked regularly.

During May no mining pit excavation shall be carried out adjacent to the bank offset
line

Standing orders for withdrawal of persons and mining equipment from mine in case
of apprehended danger shall be framed and enforced.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
7.5.
Disaster Due to Failure of Pit Slope
The excavation of a pit in a river bed can be construed as disturbing the continuity of the
earth mass at the surface of excavation. The failure in an earth mass may be looked upon
as loss of continuity caused by shearing stresses brought into play by the act of removing
earth mass. The riverbed material in question comprises of gravel, bajri, sand, silt and clay
and can be treated as cohesive – frictional (c - ᴓ) type of soil.
The mining involves mechanized excavation in pits of 3 m depth from the natural surface
level in the riverbed by deploying excavators. The riverbed material is a consolidated
matrix comprising of gravel / bajri / sand and sand/silt/clay and thus has an angle of repose
of 400 - 450. Since the depth of the pit is 3m and the slope material has a good angle of
internal friction, probability of any planer failure, or wedge failure of pit are not there. If the
depth of cut is too high, there is possibility of slope collapse, which releases a sediment
cloud. This will further move outside the suction radius of dredged head. In order to avoid
this typical situation, the depth of cut may be restricted to:
 H/C < 5.5, where,
 - Unit weight of the soil
H - Depth of soil
C - Cohesive strength of soil
In the present case  = 1850 kg/m3
H =3m
C = 750 kg/m2
Therefore  H/C = 7.4 which is more than 5.5. Hence the pit mining in 3 m depth is safe
from stability consideration of slope. Otherwise also the safety factor against slope failure
has been worked out as under by adopting Taylor’stability curve for stability number
N=0.035 for angle of slope of 400.
F=C/NH = 750/0.035 x 1850 x 3 = 3.8 which is more than 1.5 (SF)
The riverbed in most of the rivers has become a consolidated matrix comprising of gravel,
bajri, sand, silt ansd clay and thus the soil is classified as c - ᴓ i.e. it has both cohesion as
well as internal friction. This is manifest from the almost vertical side slopes of the pit
excavated for the footing of column of a bridge under construction on Rediya River (Figure
7.5).
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Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
Figure 7.5 : Pictorial view of pits on river coarse of Rediya
7.6.
Disaster Due to Failure of Mine Waste Dump
Sliding of surface waste dump is an equally severe risk compared to quarry slope failure.
Hence, it is imperative that the degree of hazard against potential failure of waste dump
slopes should be identified and that precautionary measures are adopted, if required. The
overall waste dump slope, considering the angle of repose, should not be more than 35º37º.
In the present case of riverbed mining, the mine waste material is silt and clay which have
been proposed to be disposed in the area designated for plantation and shall be properly
dressed and levelled for creation of the green belt / plantation. Thus, no surface dumps
have been proposed under the plan. The natural heap surface of about 0.5m - 1m high
have an angle of repose of about 250 are quite safe.
7.7.
Disaster Due to Surface Fire
The chances of surface fire resulting per se from the riverbed mining activities are wellnigh impossible except for the mining machinery and transport vehicles catching and
engulfed in fire due to electrical fault like short circuiting and other reasons. In winters the
labour some time use fuel wood to warm themselves. The fire can result from the
negligence of the labour, but it will be localized and shall not spread as the core zone area
of the mine has no appreciable woody material, which can easily catch fire. As a safety,
measure against fire hazard a couple of fire extinguishers will be installed at rest shelter
and refilled periodically.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
7.8.
Disaster Management Plan
In order to handle disaster/emergency situations, an organizational chart entrusting
responsibility to various project personnel will be prepared with their specific roles during
emergency.
7.8.1.
Planning
7.8.1.1
Identification and Prevention of Possible Emergency Situations
Possible emergency situations can broadly be classified into vehicle collision, and
inundation. Some of the ways of preventing emergencies are as follows:

Preparation of a Preventive Maintenance Schedule Programme and also covering
maintenance schedules for all mining machinery/equipment and instruments as well
as transport vehicles as per recommendations of the manufacturers user manuals,

Ensuring the compliance of traffic rules strictly along Katcha roads (haul roads) within
the mine lease area as well as outside the mine lease area.

Emergent situation arise due to happening of some incident culminating into an
abnormal situation. It implies that sufficient time space running from a few seconds to
few minutes are always invariably available to arrest an incident of abnormal situation
from turning in to an emergency.
7.8.2.
Implementation
Following key personnel, identified for carrying out specific and assigned duties in case of
any kind of emergency, shall be available on call on holidays and off duty also.

Mine Manager

Personnel Officer

Foreman

Senior Mining Mate

Essential workers
Responsibilities of Mine Manager
7.8.2.1

To take overall charge at the place of incident and activate the Emergency
Preparedness Plan according to severity of situation.

Inform Doctor to be ready for treatment of affected employees and intimate their
relatives.

To depute staff carry out following functions -
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Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
 To liaison with District Administration and other Departments and guide their
personnel
 To supervise Assembly and Evacuation at all points
 To look after Patients who are bed ridden and any Casualties and give
psychological support

Inform and liaise with project proponent, Police department and District Emergency
Authority.

Arrange for chronological records of emergency to be maintained.

Issue authorized statements to News Media.
Responsibilities of Mines Foreman
7.8.2.2

To take immediate charge at the site of incident and ensure that immediate steps as
per Emergency Preparedness Plan are taken and immediately inform Mines manager.

Shall disseminate the information regarding emergency by blowing of Siren / Hooter.

Supervise assembly and evacuation as per plan, if required and ensure that casualties
are receiving proper medical care.

Ensure accounting for personnel and rescue of missing persons.

Control traffic movement in Quarry premises.
Responsibilities of Trained Workers
7.8.2.3
A task force comprising of specially trained staff to act and deliver in the emergency
situation shall carry out the following work.

Fire fighting and spill control till fire brigade takes the charge and thereafter assist the
fire brigade

Ensuring safety and Isolating equipment, materials, urgent repairing or replacement,
electrical work etc.

Controlling movement of equipment, transport vehicles, special vehicle at the mine
site.

Extending First - Aid and medical help.

Assistance at casualty’s reception areas to record details of casualties.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
7.9.
Occupational Health and Safety
The effects of air pollution on human health are well documented. There are controversies
in many respects, but there is sample evidence to show that air pollution is definitely a
contributing factor to chronic bronchitis, asthma and emphysema.
Health and Safety Measures to control dust inhalation; precautions would be adopted to
prevent dust generation at site and dispersing in the environment. For the safety of
workers at site, engaged at strategic dust generation points like loading and unloading
points, screening plant etc., dust masks would be provided. Dust masks would prevent
inhalation of RSPM (PM10) thereby reducing the risk of lung diseases and other respiratory
disorders. Regular health monitoring of workers will be carried out at the time of
appointment as per Mine Rules 1955 and also yearly. Lung function test and audiometry
test will be the essential part of health checkups as mine workers are prone to these. First
aid facility should be available at the rest shelter. Training will be imparted to all the
workers for health safety measures so that they can use the protective equipments
essentially and effectively. Qualified Vocational Training Officer will be employed to impart
the training to all the employees on regular basis. The personal protection equipments
(PPE) such as Industrial Safety Helmet, goggles, Ear muffs / earplug, Dust mask, hand
gloves and Industrial safety shoes with steel toe will be provided to the workers. The
details of pre-placement medical examination and periodical check-up schedule with cost
have been provided in Chapter 9.
7.10.
R & R Plan
In the wake of the fact that no private land or asset acquisition is involved in the mine
lease area which totally falls in revenue waste land classified as Gair Mumkin Nadi/Nala
in the revenue records, no R&R plan is warranted.
7.11.
Social Impact Assessment
The project does not involve acquisition of any private land or asset and thus there shall
be no project affected persons. No social impact assessment is thus warranted under
Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and
Resettlement Act, 2013.
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Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
CHAPTER 8.
8.1.
: PROJECT BENEFITS
General
The forthcoming project shall open new vista for employment in the area in many spheres.
With the commencement of proposed mining activities, a new horizon shall emerge to the
local populace for their social upliftment. The mine lease area neither entails any
acquisition of any private land or property nor any displacement of persons. Therefore, it
will it will not have any adverse impact on these counts but it will herald all positive benefits
to the society and improve socio economic fabric of the region.
8.2.
Accelerated Development of Infrastructure and Housing Sector
The implementation of the project shall help in meeting the huge demand of construction
material like coarse and fine sand/Bajri required for building construction and infrastructure
works in Jodhpur Division of Rajasthan.
8.3.
Employment Potential
8.3.1.
Mining Activities
About 102 labours shall be engaged for extraction of Sand/Bajri and loading and handling
of mineral in mining area, besides, watch and ward and plantation activity with proper
maintenance. The majority of manpower belonging to skilled/semi-skilled/unskilled shall
be indigenously available. Therefore, it is estimated that approximately102 persons shall
be benefited by direct employment.
8.3.2.
Implementation of Management Plans
Various management plans, suggested as mitigation measures, viz. Green Belt
Development and maintenance of haul road are highly labour oriented forestry/civil work
with lesser material component. The forestry works involved under these plans do not
involve any state-of-the-art for which especial labour is warranted. In fact, these routine
works can be executed to perfection by the skilled/semi-skilled/unskilled labour locally
available.
8.4.
State Exchequer
Commencement of mining activities shall result in direct revenue to the State Exchequer
in the form of royalty, trade/sales tax, cess etc. besides creating environmental
management fund for carrying out environment protection works.
8.5.
Betterment of Trade and Commerce
With the commencement of mining operations, the need for housing of the mine
workers/personnel shall arise which will be mostly provided by the local persons of nearby
villages/ markets by giving the accommodation on rental basis. This will fetch income to
the house owners. Besides this there shall be an increase in demand of all commodities
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to meet out the needs of mined workers/personnel and the transport personnel. Thus,
there shall be a general boost to business and commerce in the area.
8.6. Tangible social benefits
There will be a positive impact in socio-economic area due to increased economic
activities, creation of new employment opportunities, infrastructural development and
better educational and health facilities.

The project proponent (Lessee) will undertake awareness program and community
activities like health, camps, medical aids, family welfare camps, AIDS awareness
programme etc.

Periodic medical check-ups as per Mines Act/ Rules and other social development
and promotional activities will be undertaken. All this will assist to lift the general
health status of the residents of the area around mines.

A massive plantation has been done in the mine area so far and lot many are
proposed to mitigate the ill-effects of mining and to improve the vicinity and
environment of mine and it surrounding area. The project proponent will give
emphasis on plantation and will also motivate local persons for plantation during
rainy season. This will also increase the consciousness in workers and near-by
villagers for greenery. Fruit trees can contribute towards their financial gains.
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CHAPTER 9.
9.1.
: Environmental Management Plan
General
Based on the evaluation of baseline data and predicted impacts, suitable and plausible
management plans are to be formulated for implementation, to minimize the negative impacts
in the environmental attributes of land, water, air, noise, ecological and socio-economics. The
implementation of all the management plans should commence pari passu with the
commencement of mining activities so that the environmental ambiguities going to crop up
may be resolved before the completion of conceptual plan of the mine i.e. towards the end of
life of mine. Various environmental management plans, designed within the framework of
statutory and regulatory requirements on environmental and socio-economic aspects to attain
sustainable development are described in the proceeding sections.
9.2.
Pollution Control Measures
9.2.1.
Air Pollution Control
In riverbed manual mining, dust emissions are generated during various mining activities,
material handling and due to plying of transportation trucks in the mine lease area and also on
haul roads. However, the EIA study has shown that ground level concentration of pollutants
like PM10, SO2 and NOX are within the NAAQS are well and when become airborne lead to
increase in particulates level in the ambient air. The detailed mitigation measures as contained
in Section 4.7. The project proponent shall ensure that these are strictly followed. Besides this
the ambient air quality monitoring shall be periodically carried out at locations and frequencies
mentioned under Section Chapter 6.4.1. Apart from these mitigation measures, the idle
running of transport vehicles at the mine site shall be totally avoided. The sprinkling of water
on surface of haul roads and over the silt/clay disposed in the plantation area shall involve
major cost component of the works towards air pollution control. For meeting out the cost of
purchase of ground water (15 kld for dust suppression) from tube wells and its transportation
cost to the site @ Rs. 625/day for 280 days annually, a sum of Rs. 1.75 lac has to be
earmarked as recurring expenditure under air pollution control measures.
9.2.2.
Noise Pollution Control
The noise monitoring shows that day and night time baseline noise levels at mine site in river
bed are within the prescribed limit. The other source of noise at the site is due to operation of
transport vehicle. Due to use of excavators and loaders the level of noise will definitely rise
above threshold level at the place in the riverbed where the machines are in operation. But
this increase in noise level will not be continuous and shall be governed by the breakup of
cycle of operation of the machine which includes idle time also. The impact study shows that
the noise levels due to noise source from mining machinery and truck movement are
attenuated after 100 m distance from the mine site. The resultant noise levels are very high at
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mine site. The detailed mitigation measures are contained in Section 4.6. The project
proponent shall ensure that these are strictly followed. Besides this the ambient air noise level
monitoring shall be periodically carried out at locations and frequencies mentioned under
Section Chapter 6.4.2. The environmental surroundings near the mine site like vegetal cover
greatly attenuate the noise level. On this account the green belt shall be developed along the
haul road as well as in the area earmarked for plantation within the lease, the cost of
development of greenbelt has been separately assessed. The cost of other equipments like
ear plug/muff and noise level monitoring during the course of mining have been included under
occupational health and safety plan and environmental monitoring plan.
9.2.3.
Water Pollution Control
9.2.3.1
Surface Water
The major impact due to riverbed surface mining is the increase siltation owing to sediment
particles coming under the influence of the current and also due to toe erosion of bank in the
mine lease area. In the impact studies, it has been held that the mining activities shall be
carried out during the period when the rivers run dry and thus there will be no synergic relation
between water and soil during the period of mining. However, during heavy rains the loose soil
spread on upper terraces can find way into the river section due to run-off from upper banks
and also due to formation of rills. This will increase the silt rate to smaller extent as the river
flow during flash floods carry considerably high sediment and suspended load as compared
to the former. Apart from the mitigation measures suggested in Section 4.5.2, spillage of sand
and bajri into the river bed should be avoided during transportation. The plantation under the
green belt programme shall also help in checking the erosion of the bank. Besides this the
water quality monitoring shall be periodically carried out at locations and frequencies
mentioned under Section Chapter 6.4.3. Thus, there is no cost implication of this plan as all
work activities are covered under other plans.
9.2.3.2
Ground Water
The base level study have revealed that there will be neither any impact on groundwater as
the ground water table is not intersected nor the mineral formation has any toxic elements.
However as the requirement of water for drinking/domestic use, dust suppression and green
belt shall be met from the ground water resources (nearby tube well), thus there shall be an
impact on ground water resource to the extent the water is abstracted from the ground. This
impact shall not be substantial as merely 0.011 MCM shall be abstracted from ground water
resource annually. This meagre use of ground water resource shall be compensated many
fold during flood and after flood when the subsurface basin in the form of 3m deep mine pits
shall act as reservoir to trigger a good recharge of the ground water due to the increase head
for percolation. Besides this the project proponent shall construct a few conventional water
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harvesting structure under the CSR initiatives. Thus no further mitigation measures are
warranted.
9.2.4.
Land Environment
Any mining activity may alter the land use pattern in the lease area. In order to minimise the
adverse effects, the following suggestions have been made. Degradation of land is not a very
significant adverse impact of river terrace mining due to creation of access roads, mining
operations and transportation of mined material. In order to prevent the environmental
degradation of lease area and its surroundings, the following measures shall be taken;

Minimal damage to the flora standing around the lease area.

Foreign material should neither be allowed to remain/spill in lease area, nor the
pits/pockets will be allowed to be filled with such material,

9.2.5.
No stockpiling of extracted sand and bajri shall be done outside the lease area.
Biological Environment
The dust is the only major pollutant, which will be generated from different activities of mining.
The effect of particulate matter on vegetation is in the form of incrustation, plugging of stomata,
and loss of chlorophyll and reduction of photosynthesis process. The annual plantation
proposed for five years of mining period shall greatly help in developing a good vegetal cover
on the upper terrace near the bank of the river and eventually attract micro fauna, birds etc. in
the area. Thus, there will be positive impact on terrestrial environment around the mine lease
area. The increase in siltation due to mining shall be controlled by creating greenbelt and soil
conservation works.
Though no Schedule-I & II species, under WPA 1972, have been sighted in the project area
i.e. core zone. However, in the buffer zone of the study area a good wildlife which inter-alia
include a few mammals (Jungle Cat, Indian Fox and Rhesus Monkey - Schedule - II) and avifauna (Common Peafowl – Schedule - I) included in Schedule I & II of WPA Act, 1972 are
stated to be present as per Forest Working Plan of Pali Forest Division. These wild animals
sometimes also frequent the area nearby the river banks and villages. Thus, for conservation
of these wildlife in non-forest area a management plan has been formulated in the light of
measures enunciated in the working plan of Pali Forest Division.
9.2.5.1
Conservation Plan for Peafowl
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Galliformes
Family: Phasianidae
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Genus: Pavo
Species: Pavo cristatus
Introduction
The Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatus), is also known as the Common Peafowl or the Blue
Peafowl, The peacock is the national bird of India. It is a resident breeder in the Indian
subcontinent and has been introduced into many parts of the world and feral populations exist
in many introduced regions. It is the largest of the pheasants.
It has a crest atop the head. Most attractive part of its body is its magnificent `tail`(train) with
its colourful feathers with a black eye at the end. The peafowls loose these feathers at the end
of summer and new ones grow during summer.
Geographical Distribution:
The Indian sub-continent is the natural range of the Indian Peafowl. It is found in good numbers
in Indian Territory ranging from Outer Himalayas through vast stretch of the country including
the Peninsula. It is also found in Pakistan, Nepal and Sri Lanka. The arid deserts of
Rajasthan, the riverbanks of Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh, the foothills of the Himalayas
in Uttar Pradesh and the forests of Haryana – these are considered to be the major and
commonly-known habitats of peacocks in India.
Habitat and Behaviour:
The scrub jungles and forest edges are the natural habitat of this bird which has affinity towards
a moist and dry deciduous and semiarid biomes. It is also found along streams with good
vegetation and in agricultural fields and in close proximity with the human settlements. Habitat
mosaic of scrub and open areas with ample sites for “dust bathing” and “lekking”. Dust bathing
is critical as this bird has to condition its feathers and remove feather-degrading bacteria and
other external parasites. The peafowl are forest birds that nest on the ground. The peafowl
are terrestrial feeders but roost in trees. It has got a loud scream that can scary many enemies.
The life expectancy is about 10-15 years.
Food:
Peafowls are omnivores, eating plant parts, flower petals, seed heads, insects and other
arthropods, reptiles and amphibians. In the study area at some places, dense tree canopy
cover supports good insect diversity which is very common food for peafowls.
Conservation Status:
The Indian Peafowl is listed as least concern species in the Red List of International Union for
Conservation of Nature. However, in India it has been attributed the utmost protection by
inclusion in Schedule-I of Indian Wildlife Act, 1972.
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Threat:
These birds are under continuous threat from human beings for variety of reasons like demand
for feather and wild meat, direct encounter with the farmers during harvesting seasons,
adverse impact due to increase use of pesticides and habitat reduction due to conversion of
their habitat to agricultural land, industrial growth etc. The incidence of killing of peafowls by
the local populace for host of reasons have been reported and recorded at many places in
Rajasthan.
Conservation Plan:
The people living in the surrounding area and employee of the company would be motivated
towards the protection of the animal. Motivation will lead to timely information to the concerned
authorities about any threat to wild life or any cases of pouching/hunting. Though peafowl is
well adapted to the existing rural setting of the study area yet the following strategies may be
adopted:

Habitat improvement programme will include plantation of various plant species
mentioned in green belt development plan (Table 9.2) and other species reported from
the study area should be taken in to priority. In order to improve vegetation cover, it is
suggested to carry out extensive afforestation program in different phases. Peafowl is
seen at times in this area. It is well known that this bird requires insects, snakes and
grass seeds etc. as its food and sufficient water to drink. By planting tree and sowing
grass seeds, vegetational status of the area will improve. This will provide more food
and by strengthening water bodies more water will be available which shall help
improve the population status of Peafowl in this area.

Under habitat improvement programme the seeds of grasses and saplings will be
distributed in the various villages of the study area. Compost packets will be also
provided at the intervals of the every six months by the proponent (in consultation of
forest department).

Water will be filled in the existing (selected by forest department) water bodies near
the river banks and in the scrub area by water tankers.

School level awareness programmes will be conducted for conservation of peacocks
by organizing competitions during “Wildlife Week” and “Van Mahotsav” celebrations

The prolific use of insecticides / pesticides should be checked as these harmful
chemicals are detrimental and instrumental for killing of insects / butterflies which are
natural prey for the birds.

Conservation of “lekking sites” and dust bathing sites for Peafowl.
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9.2.5.2
Conservation Plan for Jungle Cat
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Suborder: Feliformia
Family: Felidae
Subfamily: Felinae
Genus: Felis
Species: Felis chaus
Introduction
The jungle cat (Felis chaus), also called the swamp lynx (although not closely related to the
lynxes), is a medium-small cat, but is now considered the largest remaining species of the wild
cat genus Felis. Due to the pointed ears and the long legs this cat resembles a small lynx
(hence the name "swamp lynx").
Geographical Distribution:
Felis chaus inhabits Asia and North Africa, including Indochina, Thailand, Burma, India, Sri
Lanka, Mesopotamia, and North Egypt. Afghanistan and Transcapia define the northern
border of its range It inhabits various habitats, for instance savannas, tropical dry forests and
the reedbeds along rivers and lakes, but it is not found in rainforests. In some areas the jungle
cat comes close to villages and may even live in deserted houses. The jungle cat lives in
heights up to 2500 m, but is more common in the lowlands.
Habitat:
Felis chaus is found in a wide variety of habitats, most often in wet grasslands and reed
thickets near stagnant or slowly flowing water. Although some populations reside in dry areas,
F. chaus is never far from a pool of water. Jungle cats live at elevations between sea level and
2400 meters above MSL.
Food:
The cat feeds on rodents, frogs, hares and other small mammals snakes, lizards and birds.
Those cats living close to bodies of water are able to swim and dive in order to catch fish. Felis
chaus preys on, ground birds, and frogs.
Behaviour:
Like most felids, Felis chaus are solitary animals. They are active both day and night and den
in thick vegetation or in the abandoned burrows of badgers, foxes, or porcupines. When resting
they twist the forefeet at the wrist joint and tuck them under the body.
Conservation Status:
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The Jungle Cat is listed as least concern species in the Red List of International Union for
Conservation of Nature. However, in India it has been attributed the utmost protection by
inclusion in Schedule-II of Indian Wildlife Act, 1972
Threat:
Competitors are the main threat to the wild cat. Competitors of the wild cat include leopards,
wolves, red dogs, and hyenas’
Conservation Plan:
The people living in the surrounding area and employee of the company would be motivated
towards the protection of the animal. Motivation will lead to timely information to the concerned
authorities about any threat to wild life or any cases of poaching/hunting. Proper incentive shall
be given to such locals who pass on information about the illegal poaching. Water holes should
be made away from such places where the local people bring their animals for grazing.
Parapets of adequate height should be constructed above the top of the open wells so that
incidence of wildlife / animals drowning in the well are checked. The area around the well
should be cleared of the shrubs so that the animals don’t dare to come near to it. The ban on
use of plastic bags should be strictly followed. The dangerous chemicals should not be
indiscriminately disposed near to the water holes otherwise the water quality shall be impaired
to dangerous proportion. The database of natural habitat of wild animals should be prepared
and the information disseminated to the gram Panchayat. A great deal of wildlife also inhabit
the area outside of the forests which do not fall under jurisdiction of the Forest Department. In
context of such areas the revenue department and the NGOs may take joint and concerted
efforts for protection of animals. The following conservation measures are proposed.







Conservation of Soil and Improvement of Water Regime
Habitat Improvement
Creation of Conservation awareness
Provision of Salt Lakes
Incentives to Informers of Illegal hunting /poaching of animals
Fencing of natural habitat to check the encroachment of shrinking habitat
Strengthening of translocation centres of the district by one time financial aid
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9.2.5.3
Conservation Plan for Indian Fox
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Family: Canidae
Genus: Vulpes
Taxon: Vulpes bengalensis
Introduction
The foxes are the smallest amongst the canids characterized by their solitary nature (the only
social unit being a pair during the breeding season) and versatility in strategies for effective
survival.
Geographical Distribution:
The Indian fox (Vulpes bengalensis) is endemic to the Indian subcontinent. The species has
a relatively wide distribution varying from the foothills of the Himalayas in Nepal to the southern
tip of the Indian subcontinent.
However, nowhere in its range is the Indian fox abundant.
Habitat:
The species largely occupies semi arid, flat to undulating terrain, scrub and grassland habitats,
which are suitable for foraging and denning activities. The Biogeographic Zones 3 (Desert), 4
(Semiarid) and 6 (Deccan Peninsula) are believed to hold relatively high numbers. It avoids
dense forests, steep terrain, tall grasslands and true deserts. In the Indian peninsula, the
species is restricted to the plains and open scrub forest.
Food:
The order Carnivora is well known for its wide dietetic characteristics. Indian fox has been
reported as an omnivorous opportunistic canid. Their diet has been known to comprise of
insects (grasshoppers, termites, beetles, scorpions, ants, and spiders), crustaceans, rodents
including gerbils, field rats and mice, hares (Lepus nigricollis), birds and their eggs, fishes,
ground lizards and rat snakes (Ptyas mucosus). Fruits consumed by the foxes included ber
(Zizyphus spp.), neem (Azadirachta indica), mango (Mangifera indica), jamun (Syzigium
cumini), banyan (Ficus bengalensis) and pods of Cicer arietum and Cassia fistula. Etc., They
have also been reported to feed on carcasses, and urban waste.
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Behaviour:
They are mostly crepuscular and nocturnal in habits, foraging usually in the dark hours.
Denning in the Indian fox is restricted to the pup rearing period. The Indian fox breeds from
December to January (in Kutch), average litter size being two.
Life Span:
6-8 years in captivity, 10-12 years also reported.
Conservation Status:
The Indian Fox is listed as least concern species in the Red List of International Union for
Conservation of Nature. However, in India it has been attributed the utmost protection by
inclusion in Schedule-II of Indian Wildlife Act, 1972.
Threat:
Wolves and feral dogs are major predators. Bengal foxes are susceptible to habitat loss and
degradation, persecution, roadkills, and changes in native species dynamics due to pathogens
or parasites. Bengal fox is hunted for sport and for its fur. Its body parts are used in traditional
medicines. Although the Indian Fox is widespread, it occurs at low densities throughout its
range, and populations can undergo major fluctuations due to prey availability. It is also quite
sensitive to human modifications of its habitat. There are no known commercial uses for the
Indian Fox, although there is limited localized trade for skin, tail, teeth and claws (for medicinal
and charm purposes). There is no trade or potential for trade of the Indian Fox.
Conservation Plan:
The people living in the surrounding area and employee of the company would be motivated
towards the protection of the animal. Motivation will lead to timely information to the concerned
authorities about any threat to wild life or any cases of poaching/hunting. Proper incentive shall
be given to such locals who pass on information about the illegal poaching. Water holes should
be made away from such places where the local people bring their animals for grazing.
Parapets of adequate height should be constructed above the top of the open wells so that
incidence of wildlife / animals drowning in the well are checked. The area around the well
should be cleared of the shrubs so that the animals don’t dare to come near to it. The ban on
use of plastic bags should be strictly followed. The dangerous chemicals should not be
indiscriminately disposed near to the water holes otherwise the water quality shall be impaired
to dangerous proportion. The database of natural habitat of wild animals should be prepared
and the information disseminated to the gram Panchayat. A great deal of wildlife also inhabit
the area outside of the forests which do not fall under jurisdiction of the Forest Department. In
context of such areas the revenue department and the NGOs may take joint and concerted
efforts for protection of animals. The following conservation measures are proposed.
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






9.2.5.4
Conservation of Soil and Improvement of Water Regime
Habitat Improvement
Creation of Conservation awareness
Provision of Salt Lakes
Incentives to Informers of Illegal hunting /poaching of animals
Fencing of natural habitat to check the encroachment of shrinking habitat
Strengthening of translocation centres of the district by one time financial aid.
Conservation Plan for Rhesus Monkey
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Cercopithecidae
Genus: Macaca
Introduction
The Rhesus Macaque is also known as the Rhesus Monkey. It belongs to the Old World
category and is among the best known. These are small Monkeys with pink faces that don’t
have any fur on them. They may be brown or gray in color. They have a long tail that helps
them to stay balanced and for leaping.
Geographical Distribution:
The Northern portions of India are where you will find the Rhesus Macaque. Thailand,
Vietnam, and South China are just a few of the places where they are found. They have the
largest geographical location of any primate in the world other than humans. They enjoy open
areas that are arid. However, they also live in the mountains at high elevations. They can also
live in wooded regions as they have a diverse ability to live in many habitats.
Habitat:
This species is diurnal and omnivorous, and alternatively arboreal and terrestrial. It resides in
a range of habitats, including temperate coniferous, moist and dry deciduous, bamboo, and
mixed forests, mangroves, scrub, rainforest, and around human habitations and
developments, including cultivated areas, temples, and roadsides (Choudhury 2001;
Srivastava and Mohnot 2001).
Food:
Pine needles are part of their food supply. Roots, small insects, and leaves also make up their
daily dietary intake. They are able to store food in the pouches of their cheeks. In many areas
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they have been known to go to humans for food that has been left out for them. They remember
where to go for it though so now it has become a huge problem. Now villagers are trapping
them and killing them to get them to stop coming around.
Behaviour:
Swimming is a common event for the Rhesus Macaque. They do it to help them cross between
the islands. The young can swim when they are just a few days old. They are often found to
have drown though in areas where the waters was moving just too fast for them to swim. They
are active both during the day and at night. They will live mainly in the trees but also on the
land.
The groups can have as many as 40 members, with there being about 4 times as many
females. There is a complex hierarch that is through the females. Her young will have their
lineage in the group based on hers
Reproduction:
There isn’t a specific time of year for mating to occur with the Rhesus Macaque. As long as
they have enough food and shelter it will be taking place. The females are mature around 3
years of age. It is about a year later for the males. After mating it takes about 164 days for the
young to arrive.
They are well cared for by their mothers. They are taught how to be important members of the
group. They are encouraged when they find food and when they call out to warn other
members of dangers. The life span of a rhesus monkey in captivity is approximately 15 – 20
years for males and 20 – 25 years for females. These monkeys rarely live beyond 15 years of
age in the wild.
Conservation Status:
The Rhesus Monkey is listed as least concern species in the Red List of International Union
for Conservation of Nature. However, in India it has been attributed the utmost protection by
inclusion in Schedule-II of Indian Wildlife Act, 1972.
Threat:
This species is generally unthreatened, though its original habitat is increasingly being lost to
development. While M. mulatta exists easily around humans, the increasing level of
cohabitation has been associated with waning levels of human tolerance for the animals (Molur
et al. 2003). Confiscation for laboratory testing is a mostly localized threat, but it is
considerable in certain areas (A. Kumar pers. Comm.). Capture and release of laboratory and
“problem monkeys” from rural and urban areas into natural forests is a major threat to wild
macaques.
Conservation Plan:
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The people living in the surrounding area and employee of the company would be motivated
towards the protection of the animal. Motivation will lead to timely information to the concerned
authorities about any threat to wild life or any cases of pouching/hunting.
The root cause of this conflict between humans and rhesus macaques is the eradication of
natural habitat, forcing monkeys into proximity with humans. Though they excel in humandisturbed environments, rhesus macaques living in forested areas are usually healthier, eating
a better diet, and in overall better condition than urban macaques (Lindburg 1971).
Restoration of their natural habitat in densely populated areas may decrease conflict, but given
that they will likely move into areas where humans make food readily available, this may not
be a permanent solution. In the long term, management will be necessary to conserve healthy
populations of rhesus macaques and prevent persecution by humans from being a threat to
their survival (Muroyama & Eudey 2004).
Translocation of large numbers of monkeys may be one management option to remove rhesus
macaques dependent on human sources of food. In one area of significant human-rhesus
macaque conflict, about 600 macaques were captured and successfully relocated to forested
areas nearby (Imam et al. 2002).
9.2.5.5
Financial Projection of Conservation Plan
To implement the conservation plan following works are proposed within the core zone, buffer
zone and adjoining forest and revenue area. More emphasis will be given to soil and water
conservation structures and creation of water holes along with the habitat development works.
To improve the habitat and conserve the flora and fauna following items of works are proposed
and tentative financial allocation for the same is given in front of them (Table 9.1).
Table 9.1 : Cost under Conservation Plan
S. No.
ITEM
Amount
(Rs. Lac)
1. Conservation of Soil and Water
1.1
Improvement of existing water sources (Small Ponds)
1.2
Development of new water sources (Water Holes)
1.3
Construction of Anicut / Check Dams on small Nalas / Balas
2. Habitat Improvement
2.1
Plantation / Pasture Development
2.2
Burning regime, seeding and grass cutting
2.3
Improvement of Escape cover
2.4
Improvement of Reproductive cover
3. Creation of Conservation Awareness
4. Provision of Salt Licks
5. Incentives to informers of illegal game / poaching
6. Fencing of Natural Habitat to check the encroachment
7. Strengthing of trans location centers in the district by one time
financial aid
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
1.00
1.00
2.00
2.00
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.25
0.25
0.50
0.75
0.75
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
Total for five years
10.00
.
9.2.6.
Social Environment
With the commencement of the project, there shall be direct employment opportunity for 109
workers, besides this the project will open vista for employment in transportation sector,
besides generation opportunity for deployment in activities related to stone crushing plant.
Since no private land is to be acquired for mining, thus the ticklish issues touching and arising
due to R&R issues are not involved. Therefore, impact of riverbed mining of sand and bajri on
the social economics of the area shall be a very positive one. It will also provide stimulus to
the business and commerce of local market. The small-time shopkeepers running hotel/Dhaba
shall also be benefitted.
Corporate Social Responsibility
9.2.6.1
The project proponent is a non – corporate entity and is well aware of his duty and
responsibility towards the socio-economic development of the local community where the
project activities will be carried. The proponent is also bound by the national policies and is
vigorously passionate to carry out some initiative towards the society by improving their quality
of life and fostering sustainable and integrated development in the communities in the vicinity
of the lease area.
This objective of social responsibility is equally well-entrenched in the minds of the project
proponent which is manifest from some of the CSR activities included in the mine plan. The
project proponent wish to play an active part in providing financial support and empowering
rural communities to chart their own development.
The activities to be carried out under Corporate Social Responsibility initiatives will have a
positive impact on socio economic fabric of the region. The Project Proponent may promote
local NGO, ask the communities to prepare their micro level plans based on genuine needs.
It is, therefore, proposed to have CSR plan focusing on following broad areas of activities that
addresses the problems and needs of the community in the project area in a holistic manner:

Livelihood and Entrepreneurship:
Helping rural communities in the project vicinity to become self-sufficient and sustainable by
providing training in self-employment and supporting entrepreneurship

Women Empowerment:
A driving social change in rural areas by empowering women through education and training
and promoting their Self Help Groups (SHG) and micro finance for group, individual and
community income generation activities such as tailoring/embroidery classes for women; and
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Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
Orientation programs for self-employment in collaboration with District Industries Centre and
District Rural Development Agencies.

Education:
Empowering children and adults by bringing quality education to remote rural areas

Infrastructure:
Invest in rural infrastructure to make basic amenities available to the villages such as
traditional water harvesting structures.

Environment:
Promoting environmental awareness and responsibility amongst rural, socially backward and
poor communities.

Health:
Provide affordable, quality healthcare to villages by giving community level health care training
through village workers especially women.

Agricultural Improvement:
With the help of Agricultural Department, organize training programs such as animal
husbandry, dairy development, modern cultivation, scientific storage of grain, water
conservation etc; Assist district livestock officer (DLO) to organize veterinary camps; Help in
arranging in association with nearby agricultural department for soil testing and technical
inputs for increasing yield.

Employment:
Preference in employment should be given to local population for skilled, semi-skilled and
unskilled categories. Necessary training may be imparted to locals to improve their skill.
The broad activities proposed under CSR initiative along with financial implications is shown
in Table 9.2.
Table 9.2 Cost under CSR initiative
S.No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Description
Health checkup camps
Assistance to local schools, scholarship to students
Sanitations and drinking water facilities
Vocational training to persons for income generation
Assistance to self-help groups
Creation of traditional water harvesting structures
Gender support / women empowerment
Organizing veterinary camps
Plantation in the village panchayat
Total
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
Amount
(Rs. lac)
3.5
5.0
2.5
1.0
1.0
2.0
2.0
1.0
2.0
20.0
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
9.3.
Green Belt development plan
In order to mitigate and minimize the environmental impacts, arising due to riverbed mining
project especially from air pollution, noise pollution, soil erosion etc. the Greenbelt
development in the area delineated can provide the best mitigation option. The green canopy
not only absorbs some of these pollutants as carbon sink but also improves the aesthetic
environment, besides attenuating the noise levels. Therefore, a “Green Belt Development
Plan” has been proposed around the mine lease area and along the haul roads. Though the
mine lease area 4316 ha has vast linear length along river(s) as compared to the width of
mining and it extends over several rivers separated by kilometres, yet the annual mining shall
be limited to 33.33 ha for each year of lease period of 5 years beyond which the lease is not
extendable. Thus keeping in view the guideline for plantation in respect of mining lease area
more than 50 ha, the plantation within the lease area has to be carried out during lease period
(5 years) in such manner that the total area under plantation is equivalent to 33% of the factual
mining area. In the present case the annual area for plantation works out to 11 ha.
9.3.1.
Development of Greenbelt
The green belt is proposed to be developed in the area of upper terraces and areas prohibited
for mining and along the network of haul roads. The strategy worked out for development of
green belt consists of following:

The species selected should be capable of growing fast,

The species should be wind firm and long lived.

Broad leaf trees growing above 10 m in height should be planted along the roads,
offices and infrastructure facilities.

The species should form a dense crown cover.

The species should form a litter in abundance on the plantation flow.

Generally local/indigenous fast growing trees shrubs should be planted.

The trees should be protected by plantation of non-palatable shrub species to avoid
browsing by animals.

Placement of tree guards (metal tree guard, pre-feb RCC tree guard, Fiber tree guard
etc.), should be provided to save avenue plantation.

For protection against biotic interference thorn fencing around the plantation, circular
trench around the planting pit and sown with fast growing thorny shrubs on the ridge
should be followed.
To mitigating the impact of dust and noise, which likely to rise during mining, plantation would
be done around the mining areas. The species selected under this plantation will be
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Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
moderately high, good foliage bearing and are able to trap dust and noise. The following
species have been proposed for plantation under green belt. (Table 9.3).
Table 9.3 : Species suggested for plantation under Greenbelt Development
Progaramme
Sl. No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
9.3.2.
Name
Bordi
Churel
Farash
Israeli Babool
Kala Siris
Khejdi
Kumat
Kunali
Neem
Shishum
Siris
Vilayathi Babool
Scientific Name
Zizyphus nummularia
Holoptelia integrifolia
Tamarix articulata
Acacia tortilis
Cassia Siamea
Prosopis cineraria
Acacia senegal
Dichrostachys glomerata
Azadirachta indica
Dalbergia sissoo
Albizzia lebbek
Prosopis juliflora
Guidelines and Techniques for Green Belt Development
Based on environmental conditions suitable indigenous plants species shall be planted under
green belt development plan. The requirement of plants sapling for development of green belt
shall be made from the nearby forest nursery. The soil characteristics shall also be kept in
mind. As advance work the area to be planted shall be demarcated and pit locations marked.
For site having sandy and sandy loam soil planting pits of 45cm x 45cm or 60cm x 60cm x
60cm shall be dug out and semi-filled with good and loose weathered soil before planting with
the commencement of good monsoon rains sometime in month of July. For avenue plantation
on haul roads as well as village roads circular pit of 60 cm diameter and 90 cm depth with a
circular ditch of 2m diameter and 60 cm depth shall be dug for planting the soil from the circular
dig shall be pitted on the berm. The digging operation of the pit should be completed before
the end of June so as to allow thoroughly weathering of the dugout soil. Prior to the
commencement of the rains, pits shall be refilled with the dugout soil and FYM added. Planting
shall be done when heavy showers causing run-off occurs sometime between July and
August. The saplings should be 9 to 12 months old. Immediately after planting the pits shall
be watered with 20 litres / pit and in case of failure of rainfall it should be watered @ 20 litres
/ pit at the interval of the fortnight. The mortality of plants has been considered as @ 10% and
re-digging of pit should be carried out before replacement of the individual plant.
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
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Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
9.3.3.
Precautions During Plantation
Some important precautions should be taken during the plantation, which are as under:

Open grazing is practiced in general in the area; therefore, protection should be
provided in advance.

Polyculture should be practiced. Mixture by group should be preferred over intimate
mixture.

Indigenous species recommended should be planted in sufficient numbers to increase
their population size in the area.

9.3.4.
Multipurpose species should be planted in large numbers.
Phase-wise Programme for Plantation under green belt
In the present case the annual area proposed for plantation works out to 11 ha. The plantation
shall be carried out @ 500 plants/ha. The plants shall be protected by thorny brushwood
protection and shall be maintained one year after the closure of mine. Considering the mortality
@ 10% the no. of plants / year have been worked out as per Table 9.4.
Table 9.4 : Phase-wise programme of plantation
S.
No.
1
2
3
4
Activity
Demarcation of
Area for
plantation
Excavation of
Pits including
re-digging
Plantation
including
mortality
Thorny
brushwood
protection
9.3.5.
1st Year
Area
(ha) Number
2nd Year
Area
(ha)
Number
3rd Year
Area
(ha) Number
4th Year
Area
(ha) Number
5th Year
Area
(ha) Number
Total
Area
(ha)
Number
11
-
11
-
11
-
11
-
11
-
55
-
-
5500
-
6050
-
6655
-
7320.5
-
8053
-
33578
-
5500
-
6050
-
6655
-
7320.5
-
8053
-
33578
-
5500
-
6050
-
6655
-
7320.5
-
8053
-
33578
Annual Programme for Plantation under green belt
The greenbelt shall be developed annually in approximately 11 ha area. The area designated
for each year shall be planted with trees and shrubs @ 500 plants/ha. The annual cost for
development of greenbelt has been assessed in Table 9.5.
Table 9.5 : Annual cost for green belt development plan (Rs. in lakhs)
S. No.
Component
1
Cost of plantation including maintenance for 5 years and
establishment charges @ Rs 0.5 lac/ ha for 11 ha
Thorny brushwood protection guard for 5550 sapling @
Rs 10/No.
2
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
Cost (Rs.
Lac)
5.5
0.55
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
3
4
5
Cost of FYM and Bio-fertilizer
Cost of watering / irrigation in green belt
Contingency
Total
9.4.
Solid Waste Management
9.4.1.
General
0.30
0.70
0.10
7.15
The following types of solid wastes are likely to generate from the mining activities during the
mining period.

Waste from mining in the form of silt/clay

Solid waste from Septic tank/Soak pit
The above-mentioned solid wastes can play havoc and have severe impacts on the ecosystem
if not properly addressed through well designed management plans in their respect.
9.4.2.
Management of Waste from Mine
No solid waste other than silt/clay, which deposits as crust material on the bed profile, shall
be scrapped and deposited in the upper terraces earmarked for plantation. Approximately
16665 cum (about 23331 MT) of silt/clay shall be produced during 5 years. The year-wise
estimation of quantity of solid waste is shown in Table 9.6, the quantity of scrapped crust
material (clay) which is in excess of the quantity required for plantation purpose in upper
terraces shall be deposited in the riverbed pits.
Table 9.6 : Year-wise Production of Solid waste
Year
I
II
III
IV
V
Total
Block –A
500
833
667
833
500
3333
Block –B
667
500
500
667
500
2834
Block –C
500
667
500
500
833
3000
Block –D
833
833
833
500
667
3666
Block –E
833
500
833
833
833
3832
Total
3333
3333
3333
3333
3333
16665
It is evident from the soil characteristics of the core zone that it has low contents of
macronutrients Nitrogen and in Organic carbons. The soil shall be mixed with urea and
farmyard manure (FYM) so as to increase its fertility. Apart from this, the bio-fertilizers shall
be added to the soil.
9.4.3.
Cost for management of mine waste
The cost of management of mine waste (Silt/Clay) by manual carriage and disposal / spreading
into the areas earmarked for plantation @ Rs. 50/cum for 3333 cum has been assessed as
Rs. 1.67 lac.
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Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
9.5.
Occupational Health Management Plan
9.5.1.
Potential Risk of Sand Mining Activities
The open-cast semi-mechanized riverbed sand mining project by the nature of the activities
involved is accompanied with risk of lowest degree as compared to underground mining or the
open-cast mining involving blasting. The risks associated with the project are not hazardous,
but if any, they are only accidents and incidents, associated with mining machinery or
transportation activity, if adequate controls or safety systems are not adopted. The sand
excavation by deploying excavators / JCB and loading on to the trucks by Backhoe can have
risks of accidents if human failure or errors are not taken care of. The Accidents, if any, may
not be fatal, but are potential to cause temporary or permanent disabilities. Thus, the need for
adequate safety at work places is needed. On the other hand, the manual activity of sand
mining and sand loading is not associated with accidents, however, some minor incidents like
exhaustion, sun-strokes, or other health related incidents may take place, which can be
avoided with adequate safety regulations and measures. Transportation of mined sand to the
stowing sites is the activity associated with accidents on road and at the project site. However,
with effective safety measures the accidents can be avoided and prevented.
9.5.2.
Safety of Machine Use at Mining Site
The major mining machinery to be deployed at site shall be excavators/JCB, Backhoe and
loaders which can excavate sand and load on to vehicles. The area where mining machinery
shall be operated will be under supervision of trained operators and helpers besides
technically qualified foreman to ensure that the machinery are operated as per specified
design parameters of the manufacturer. Before the work is initiated every day, the routine
check-up especially with regard to its hydraulic systems, mechanical conditions, and other
operating systems shall be performed. The movement of trucks/trippers/tractors for loading
/transportation of sand within the mine area and haul road area shall be regulated by a trained
supervisor who shall be responsible for the safety of vehicle movement and prevention of
accidents or incidents associated with the vehicular movement. All staff working with the
mining machinery shall be trained in first-aid and other safety measures, accident or incident
prevention and reporting and communication mechanisms.
9.5.3.
Occupational Health & Safety (OHS)
Sand/Bajri mining does not contain any toxic element. Therefore, the likelihood of any health
hazard does not arise due to the mined product per se. However, the process of excavation /
quarrying leads to some health hazards. The dust generated due to excavation loading and
movement on Katcha/riverbed haul road creates air borne dust which has silica contents. The
dust is the main pollutant of concern for the workers engaged in the mining activities. The most
significant occupational health impacts are Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) and
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
Occupational Lung Disease (OLD) like allergic rhinitis and asthma due to inhalation of dust.
Working in open during summer can expose workers to the direct sun rays causing heat
strokes, cramps and burns besides leading to exhaustion. In extreme windy conditions the
dust particles forcing way into the eyes can create itching as well as allergic conjunctivitis of
eye. As per Mines Rules, 1955, Chapter – IV-A, Section 29B, medical examination of
employees at the initial stage and periodically, shall be done by a team of qualified medical
officers provided by the project proponent.
The initial medical examination of every person employed in the mine within a period of five
years of the date so notified and the said examination shall be so arranged over a period of
five years that one fifth of the persons employed at the mine undergo the examination every
year. The periodical medical examination thereafter of every person employed in the mine
shall be conducted at intervals of not more than five years. In the present case since the lease
is only for five year. It is suggested that the initial medical examination for all workers must be
arranged during the first year of appointment and the periodical check-up during fourth and
fifth year subsequent to the appointment.
Regular medical check-up camps shall also be arranged for detection of occupational diseases
and minor disease in the nearby rural population. Free check-up and medicine for treatment
for their acute and chronic illness shall be provided. The medical examination schedule is
provided in Table 9.7.
Table 9.7 : Schedule of Medical Checkup
S.
No.
1
2
9.5.4.
1st 2nd 3rd 4th
Particular
Year Year Year Year
Initial medical checkup of
employees for lung function,
audiometric test, tuberclausis
and pulmonary disease at the
time of appointment
80
22
Periodical Medical Checkup of
the employees (Audiometic Tes,
Eye – Check-up, Lung function
and respiratory test)
40
5th
Year
6th
Year
Total
-
-
102
40
22
102
Occupational Health & Safety Measures to Control Dust Inhalation

Providing a working environment that is conducive to safety and health.

The management of occupational safety and health is the prime responsibility of mine
management.

Employee involvement and commitment in the implementation of health and safety
guidelines.
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
Periodical health checkups

Implementing safety and health management system and assessing the effectiveness
through periodic audits.

Monitoring the effects of mining activities on safety and health and conducting regular
performance reviews.

Provision of necessary personal protective equipments.

Establishing and maintaining a system of medical surveillance for employees

Ensuring employees at all levels receive appropriate training and are competent to carry
out their duties and responsibilities.
All the above precautions would be adopted to prevent dust generation at site and to be
dispersed in the outside environment. However, for the safety of workers at site, engaged at
strategic locations / dust generation points like loading and unloading points, screening sieve,
dust masks would be provided. Dust masks would prevent inhalation of RPM thereby reducing
the risk of lung diseases and other respiratory disorders. Regular health monitoring of workers
will be carried out.
9.5.5.
Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL)
Hearing conservation programmes exists at all operations. Baseline audiogram forms the
basis for future assessment of employees in terms of hearing loss.
Using engineering initiatives to reduce noise at source is the priority management tool. The
hearing conservation programme includes the provision of Hearing Protection Devises (HPDs)
and annual audiometry examination of all employees. Apart from provision of HPDs emphasis
is also laid on training the employees’ responsibility to protect his / her hearing.
9.5.6.
Occupational Lung Diseases (OLD)
There will be regular health camps for all the workers and nearby rural people. Lung function
tests, chest X-rays etc. shall be carried out and any health disorders will be evaluated. The
budget shall be earmarked for the necessary protective devices and training needs by the
project proponent.
9.5.7.
Incidence of Silicosis
Continuous exposure to sand dust can lead to Silicosis, silica tuberculosis and pulmonary
disease. Prolong contact with wet sand can cause fungal infection of hands and legs.
9.5.8.
Cost Estimate
For initial and periodical medical check-up of employee of the mines, who are engaged at the
active mine site, budgetary provision of Rs. 600/employee/year shall be made. The provision
at this stage is being made for 102 skilled/semi-skilled / unskilled workers. The cost estimate
is provided in Table 9.8.
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Table 9.8 : Cost Estimate
S.
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Particular
Quantity
Unit
Rate
Initial medical check-up for all workers
for 1/5th of the workers i.e. 21
workers/year
Periodical check-up for all workers for
1/5th of the workers i.e. 21
workers/year
Provision for free medicines for all
workers @ Rs. 200/year
Provision for personal protection
equipment like ear plug, dust mask,
shoes, goggles and etc., for 102
workers
Provision for First Aid facilities
21
Man
600
Amount
(Rs. lacs)
0.13
21
Man
600
0.13
102
Man
200
0.21
102
No.
2000
2.04
1
Job
L.S.
0.20
Provision for fire extinguisher and its
regular refilling
1
Job
L.S.
0.10
Total
2.81
The overall estimated cost is made up of the components of capital cost of PPE i.e. Rs. 2.04
lac and Rs. 0.77 lac as annual recurring cost.
9.6.
Soil conservation works
Hard measures (Engineering structures) shall be constructed to control the toe erosion and
land slips from falling into the river course. This can be accomplished by erecting stone
masonry retaining structure / Gabion structures at stretch of bank showing sign of slope failure
or imminent soil mass movement. Besides this, sometimes the river current is directed towards
the bank, which are susceptible to toe erosion. In that scenario, it becomes necessary to repel
the current from the bank, for which purpose-repelling spurs are to be implemented. The
advantage with the repelling spurs is that while diverting the current they create a quiet pocket
d/s of these and are filled with river borne material. The provision for such structures have
been incorporated in the management plan. The cost of which is assessed as Rs. 3.0 lac
which amounts to Rs. 0.6 lac / year (Table 9.9).
Table 9.9 : Cost estimate of soil conservation works (engineering)
Sl.
No.
1.
a.
Item
RR Dry stone masonry (10 no.)
Average dimension = 10 m long, 2m high
and side slope 1:4
Excavation in foundation
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
Quantity
33
Unit
Cum
Rate
150.00
225
Amount
4950.00
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
b.
2.
(a)
(b)
(c )
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
3
10 x 10 x 1.10 x 0.3 = 1.65
RR stone masonry dry
10 x 10 x (1.10 + 0.60 / 2) x 2.0 = 8.5 cum
Wire crate boulder Spurs for stream bank
Protection (5no.)
Excavation in foundation
5 x 3.5mx 2.5 x 0.5
Filling of boulder and hand packing in
Wire crates 2.25mx 1.25mx1.25 in three tiers
i.e. 3 in first tier2 each in second and third tier.
5 x 7 (2.25 x1.25x 1.25)
Collection of boulder
Carriage of boulder average lead 1 km
manually
CostofG.1 wire crates
5 x 7 x 15.10 sq mx 2.23 = 1178.55 kg or say
11.8Qtl
Carriage of G.1.wire crate to an average
lead of1 km
Weaving of GI wire crate
170
Cum
300.00
51000.00
21.88
Cum
150
3282.00
123.05
Cum
130.00
15966.00
123.05
123.05
Cum
Cum
160.00
400.00
19688.00
49220.00
11.8
Qtl
7000
82600.00
11.8
Qtl
150.00
1770.00
528.5
20.00
Total
Add 3% Contingencies
10570.00
239046.00
7171.00
Grand Total
246217.00
Or say
2.5 lac
Say
0.5 lac
3.0 lac
Annual care of river
9.7.
Capital Cost of Project
The capital cost of the project Rs. 75 lac involves construction of temporary non-residential
building like main mine office at one place where the maximum mining is envisaged and small
units at other blocks of the mine lease area. It also includes the construction cost of rest
shelters, first-aid posts, establishing of workshops, stores, water supply and sanitary
arrangements, establishing of barriers and Weigh Bridge. The mining and transport
equipment’s shall be procured on hire / rental basis.
9.8.
Summary of cost of environment management plan
Table 9.10 : Total cost of environmental management plan
S. No.
Name of Plan
1.
Environment Monitoring Plan for Air, Noise, Water, Soil, etc.
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
Capital Cost
Rs in Lac
Recurring annual
Cost
Rs in Lac
3.00
226
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Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
2.
Air
Pollution
ControlManagement of Haulage Roads including
Sprinkling.
3.
Plantation / Green belt development plan
4.
Disposal and spreading
Silt/clay as per Mining Plan
5.
1.75
7.15
-
1.67
Occupational Health Measures
Provision of PPE and other
Miscellaneous expenditure
2.04
0.77
6.
Soil Conservation works (Engineering)
-
0.60
7.
Cost under Corporate Social Responsibility
Initiatives for five years is Rs. 20 lac. Thus cost per
year is Rs. 4.0 lac
4.00
8.
Conservation Plan for Wildlife (Schedule I & II,
WPA, 1972)
-
2.00
Total
2.04
20.94
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
of
-
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Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
CHAPTER 10.
10.1.
: Environmental Management Plan
Purpose of the Report
For sustainable maintenance of environmental commensuration with the mining and related
operation, it is imperative to conduct studies on the baseline status of existing environmental
attributes and assess the impact on these due to proposed activities, which would assist in
formulating well-addressed management plans for sustainable mineral extraction within mine.
The main purpose of the report is to establish the baseline environmental attributes in terms
of scoping clearance issued by the EAC, Ministry of Environment and Forest, vide meeting
held on 26.9.2013 and predict/identify the impacts for preparing environment management
plan.
10.2.
Identification of Project & Project Proponent
The project envisages open cast semi-mechanized extraction of Sand/Bajri to an annual
maximum of 1.4 MMT for five years from riverbed of Sukri, Lilri, Guhiya and Rediya rivers
constituting a combined mine lease area 4316.0 ha for five years. The project proponent (LoI
holder) is firm named as M/s Shekhawat Associates, Jaipur, Rajasthan.
10.3.
Project Description
10.3.1.
Type and category of project
The riverbed mining project in 4316.0 ha, classified under category ‘A’ of EIA notification 1996,
has been proposed for an annual production of 1.0 MCM (1.4 MMT) of Sand (Bajri) by open
cast Semi-Mechanized extraction method. The project, with capital cost Rs. 75 lac has no
other interlinked project.
10.3.2.
Location
The mine lease area, covered under SOI Toposheet no. 45 F/8, 45 G/5, 45G/9, 45G/13, 45
F/12 and 45 F/16 is linearly stretched under 113 revenue villages of tehsil Sojat, district Pali.
The site is approachable from through NH-14 as well as from Sojat road junction through SH
and ODRs’ and also by Western Railway B/G line at Sojat road.
10.3.3.
Need for the project
For meeting the huge demand of construction material like coarse and fine sand/Bajri required
in building construction and infrastructure works, road material for construction and
maintenance of roads / highway material in Jodhpur Division of Rajasthan. Apart from this, it
will fetch huge revenue to state exchequer.
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Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
10.3.4.
Annual Production Schedule (Million Metric Tonne)
S.No Year
1
I
2
II
3
III
4
IV
5
V
Total
10.3.5.
Block –A
0.21
0.35
0.28
0.35
0.21
1.4
Block –B
0.28
0.21
0.21
0.28
0.21
1.19
Block –C
0.21
0.28
0.21
0.21
0.35
1.26
Block –D
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.21
0.28
1.54
Block –E
0.35
0.21
0.35
0.35
0.35
1.61
Total
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
7.0
Technology and Process Description
The collective stretch of the lease area for each river has been sub-divided in to five blocks for
ease of operation, supervision, management and safety. Dry riverbed mining will be carried
out as per the approved production schedule. Light weight excavators will be deployed for
extraction in 3.0 m layer only forming one bench. This is as per the digging depth of the
equipment. Mineral will be loaded in tippers/trucks (20 tonne). The mining machinery and
equipment and transportation vehicles will be on hire/rental basis.
10.3.6.
Water Requirement and source
Water requirement for human consumption (drinking / domestic), plantation and dust
suppression is 4 KLD, 6 KLD, 15 KLD respectively which shall be met from ground water
resource from nearby tube wells on payment basis.
10.3.7.
Man Power Requirement
About 102 workforce including Ist and IInd class mine manager under Rule 37N (1)(i) RMMCR
1986, foreman, mine mates, supervisors, skilled operators and helpers, semi-skilled and unskilled workers shall be engaged.
10.3.8.
Extent Of Mechanization
For an optimum daily production of 4000 metric tonne excavators, loaders, transport and other
light vehicles and the water sprinklers shall be deployed.
10.3.9.
Geological Reserve, Mineable Reserves and Targeted Production
1
Total Proved Geological reserves with 3 m depth of
mining.
129.48 MCM
(181.27 MMT)
2
Reserve blocked due to bank offsets, wells, road and
bridges as per Rule 18(26) of RMMC Rules,1986
24.51 MCM
(34.31 MMT)
3
Mineable Reserve (A-B)
104.97 MCM
(146.96 MMT)
4
Targeted Production @ 1.4 MMT/year for 5 years
5 MCM (7 MMT)
Balance Reserve (C-D)
99.97 MCM
(139.96 MMT)
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.
10.3.10.
Anticipated life of Mine
The life of mine can be considered as continuous/ perpetual as long as the rate of sediment
aggradations within the mined out area is either equal to or in excess of the rate of extraction
of the river bed material. In the present case the area mined out in any year in any block shall
not be considered for mining during the lease period of five years.
10.3.11.
Year-wise production since 1994
There was no production by the project proponent who was not entitled to carry out mining
operation in the period anterior to the date of issue of letter of intent.
10.3.12.
Details of Mining Activities with Respect to Block wise, Calendar wise, Zonal wise
The current project has vast linear length along river(s) as compared to the width of mining
and it extends over several rivers separated by kilometres. For facilitating easy operation,
supervision and safety, the lease area along river(s) in the concerned Tehsil has been sub
divided into four to five blocks depending upon the length of the river(s).
10.3.13.
Overburden dumps
There will be no development of overburden dumps in the present case, as the riverbed
material is not overlain with waste material warranting its disposal in the form of internal or
external dumps.
10.3.14.
Plan of backfilling of mine pit
The backfilling plan of the riverbed pit is neither required nor it is envisaged under the
management plan
10.3.15.
Details of Excavation Schedule and Sequential Mining Plan
Year
Block –A
I
II
III
IV
V
3.33
10.3.16.
Block –B
5.00
8.33
6.67
8.33
5.00
33.33
6.67
5.00
5.00
6.67
5.00
28.33
Block –C
5.00
6.67
5.00
5.00
8.33
30.00
Block –D
8.33
8.33
8.33
5.00
6.67
36.67
Block –E
8.33
5.00
8.33
8.33
8.33
38.33
Total
33.33
33.33
33.33
33.33
33.33
166.67
Solid Waste Generation & its Disposal
In the entire lease period 16665 cubic meter of silt and clay (23331 metric tonne) shall be
produced, which shall be scrapped and deposited into the mine pits or in the upper terraces
earmarked for plantation.
10.3.17.
Mineral Transportation
Mined out material will be directly loaded into the trucks/tippers (20 MT) by deploying JCB/Pay
loaders which will be used on hired.
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Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
10.3.18.
Site Services
Proper site services such as mine office, site office, First Aid post, Rest Shelter, and Drinking
Water and sanitary facilities will be provided to the mine workers.
10.3.19.
Site Elevation, Working Depth and Groundwater Table
The longitudinal profile of the rivers, showing river bed elevation at different RD, the elevation
of the mining floor (pit) corresponding to 3m depth of mining and the depth to the ground water
reveals that the ground water shall not intersect the bottom of the mining pit.
10.4.
Description of Environment
The description of baseline status of various environmental attributes as assessed during EIA
study is enumerated in Table.
Baseline status
Landuse
Geology and subsurface geology of
the Area
Ambient Air Quality
and Noise
Surface Water
Quality
Ground Water
Quality
Soil Quality
Biological
Environment
Socio-economy
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
The pre-dominant landuse in the Tehsil is agriculture land ha 91667 (55%),
followed by fallow land 28533 ha (17%), Permanent Pasture 11692 ha (7%),
barren and unculturable land ha 16991 (10%), culturable waste land 5554 ha
(3%), Land under non-agricultural use 8386 ha (5%) and Forest Land 4932
ha (3%).
Geological configuration of Pali district is comprised of litho units of igneous,
sedimentary and metamorphic origin. The oldest & prominent rock exposed
along district belongs to Delhi supergroup. The geological formations in the
study area covering Tehsil Sojat mainly consist of Alluvium & Blown Sand and
Eranpura Granite / Ultra Basic
The pollutant concentration in the air is well below the NAAQS, as set out by
CPCB. The noise monitoring shows that Leq day and night time noise levels
in mine lease area are within the standards.
The results of surface water indicate that pH ranged is within specified
standard limits of 6.5 - 8.5. The TDS exceeds the tolerance limit of 500 mg/l
at both locations. Dissolved Oxygen was observed to be above 5 mg/l is
conducive for aquatic life. The Chlorides and Sulphates are within the
tolerance limits (Chlorides 250 mg/l and sulphates 400 mg/l). The surface
water quality is good for fish culture, irrigation purpose and outdoor bathing
except drinking water source with conventional treatment
The analysis results indicates that the pH ranged between 7.27 to 7.9, which
is well with in the specified standard of 6.5 - 8.5 limit. Total hardness was
recorded within the desirable limits of 300 mg/l for one location and for four
locations it was below the permissible limit (600 mg/l). The Total Dissolved
Solids (TDS) concentration exceeded the desirable limit (500 mg/l) for all
locations but below the permissible limit (2000 mg/l)
The results of the soil analysis show that the soil is slightly to moderately
alkaline and its texture varies from sandy to sandy clay loam sand. The
macronutrients (N, P, K) have been found in all the soil samples though it is
low in available Nitrogen and Potassium. The soils are low in organic content.
During this study a total of 19 trees, 19 shrubs and 21 herbs species was
recorded in the study area zone. These plant species belong to 13, 14 and 10
families of tree, shrub and herb respectively.
During study 9 mammalian species, 22 bird species (18 resident and 4 winter
visitors) and 4 species of herpetofauna were reported.
Todgarh Raoli WLS exists within 10km of the mine lease area. No mining is
proposed within core-zone of the sanctuary.
There are 109 rural villages and 1 urban Town (Sojat) in study area with a
population of 195930 (Census 2011) comprising of 41652 households. The
sex ratio is 997 Female / 1000 Male. SC and ST constitutes 22.5 % and 0.4%
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of the total population respectively. The Literacy Rate of the study area is
54.5% of which male and female literate are 67.3% and 41.6% of respective
male female population. The main and marginal workers are 32% and 12%
respectively of the total population while the remaining 56% constitutes nonworkers. The majority of people in rural sector are cultivators & agricultural
labours which indicates dominant agricultural economy.
10.5.
Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures
10.5.1.
IMPACTS ON TOPOGRAPHY AND DRAINAGE
10.5.1.1
Topography
The mining activity in the riverbed by creating pits per se shall not lead to any change in the
local topography of the area. There will be no formation of overburden dumps. Thus there will
be no change in topography of either core or buffer zone.
Drainage
10.5.1.2
No temporary diversion of discharge of main rivers or any of their interlacing is proposed for
facilitating mining. The drainage pattern of the rivers flowing in tehsil shall not alter due to dry
bed mining.
10.5.2.
LAND ENVIRONMENT
10.5.2.1
Change in land use
The mining activity in the river bed per se shall not lead to any change in the landuse in the
core zone as well as buffer zone where no mining activities is proposed.
Change in river course
10.5.2.2
There will be no change in the river course due to mining as the river course is mainly guided
by the hydraulic gradient of surface water and the geological conditions of the bank and bed
of the river. In the mine lease area the river section is well defined and is confined between
both the flanks.
Impact on soil
10.5.2.3
The mine waste in the form of silt/clay in mine lease area are very fine but due to semimechanized mining, very little dust would be generated. These dust particles are usually blown
away along the wind direction and get deposited on the canopy of surrounding vegetation on
the river bank and agricultural crops thereby interfering with photosynthesis and other
physiological activities of the green cover. Following mitigation measures will be adopted:

The top soil shall be removed and stacked systematically.

Top soil shall be planted with fast growing indigenous herbs, shrubs of pioneer species,
apart from planting of tree species.

10.5.3.
Sprinkling of water, at regular intervals, on exposed surface of silt/clay in upper terraces.
IMPACTS ON CLIMATE
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
232
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Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
Wind Speed
10.5.3.1
The wind speed in any area is dependent upon local topography and is intimately connected
with the development as high and low pressure zones. The controlling factors for the pressure
changes lie much beyond the mining operation. Thus, no adverse impact on the regional wind
speed is anticipated due to the mining operations.
10.5.3.2
Temperature Humidity & Rainfall
The temperature pattern is a regional behaviour and is not likely to be affected by the mining
activity in the riverbed. The trend of rainfall follows a regional pattern and is mainly governed
by the south west monsoon and disturbances in the Arabian Sea. The mining operation,
therefore, is not likely to have any adverse impacts on rainfall pattern. The pattern of relative
humidity depends mainly on the rainfall, wind, temperature and other weather phenomenon
that are regional in behaviour. The mining operation is not likely to have any impact on the
relative humidity in the surrounding.
10.5.4.
WATER ENVIRONMENT
10.5.4.1
Impact on Surface Water Resources
The requirement of water for drinking/domestic use, dust suppression and green belt shall be
met from the ground water resources (nearby tube well), thus there shall be no negative impact
on surface water resource. However, the surface water resource shall be affected to the tune
of 15.32 MCM which shall be stored in the mining pits (3 m deep) to the extent of annual mining
area.
10.5.4.2
Impact on Ground Water Resource
There shall be impact on ground water resource to the extent the water is abstracted from the
ground for use in drinking/domestic use, dust suppression and green belt. i.e. by 0.035 MCM
which is inconsequential in comparision to ground water recharge of 5.93 MCM
10.5.4.3
Impact on Surface and Ground Water Quality
During heavy rains the loose soil spread on upper terraces can find way into the river section
due to run-off from upper banks and also due to formation of rills. This will increase the silt
rate to smaller extent as the river flow during flash floods carry considerably high sediment
and suspended load as compared to the former.
In view of the facts that the mining activities does not intersect the ground water table. No
impact on the quality of ground water is anticipated. Beside this the sand and bajri are nontoxic in nature and therefore percolated water from the pits shall not impair the ground water
quality.
10.5.5.
NOISE AND VIBRATION
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Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
The mine lease area is generally away from the settlements except in case of rivers which flow
adjacent to the town. The noise monitoring shows that day and night time noise levels are
highest at such places where the commercial activity takes place and the noise levels are
within the limits in rural setup which are more than a couple of km away from mine site. It is
evident from the graphical results that the noise level of 85 dB(A) gets highly attenuated to 36
dB(A), 31 dB(A) and 26 dB(A) about 500m, 1000m and 1700 m respectively from the point
source. The estimated noise levels at the receptor (Chopra Village) due to running of mining
machinery shall be 27 dB(A) which is less than the existing background noise levels of 50.9
dB(A). Thus there will be no impact of running of mining machinery at the receptors location.
Following mitigation measures shall be adopted:
(i)
Provision and maintenance of thick tree belts to screen noise.
(ii)
Avenue plantation within the project area to dampen the noise.
(iii)
Proper maintenance of noise generating transport vehicles.
(iv)
Provision of protective devices like ear muffs/ear plugs to those workers who cannot be
isolated from the source of noise.
10.5.6.
IMPACTS ON AIR ENVIRONMENT
The baseline results of the ambient air quality at all monitoring locations in respect of
pollutants, PM10, SO2 and NOx were found to be well within the limits of National Ambient Air
Quality Standards (NAAQS) except for pollutants PM10 in respect of monitoring site at Sojat.
The resultant value of PM10 at the mine site after superimposing the maximum incremental
ground level concentrations of PM10 from the different mining activities at river bed mine pit
area are still within the prescribed limits under NAAQS. Nevertheless, the following mitigation
measures will be adopted:

Copious and regular water sprinkling on haul roads by obile sprinklers.

Laying haul roads in gentle grade and in hard stratum.

Avenue plantation on roadsides for creating carbon sink.

Ensuring that laborers working near to high dust prone area use mask.

Covered trucks shall be used for transportation.
10.5.7.
Biological Environment
10.5.7.1
Impact on Flora
Since there will be no felling of trees or deforestation, there will be no impact on flora of the
core zone. The mining activity per se shall not lead to any impact on the terrestrial flora of the
buffer zone either. The effect of particulate matter on vegetation is in the form of incrustation,
plugging of stomata, and loss of chlorophyll and reduction of photosynthesis process . The
nearest revenue village Gajini, Khakara, Ladpura and Raira Kalan which lie in the lease area
along Sukri river, Modiya Nadi, Lilri Nadi and Guriya Nadi are 1 km, 1 km, 4 km and 6.5 km
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away from the western boundary of Todgarh Raowli Wildlife Sanctuary. The mining activity
has not been proposed with the core – zone of the WLS. The mining at the nearest lease area,
1 km away from its boundary,shall not impact the trees of the WLS as the dust dispersion
modelling has revealed that the increased in GLC of PM10 drastically reduce to 0.25 µg/m3 at a
distance of about 500 meter even at the place of maximum production.
10.5.7.2
Impact on Fauna
Intervention in the riverbed will impact butterflies and birds which are quite sensitive to noise
and human presence. No endangered species of fauna is found in and around lease area. As
such, there will be temporary and insignificant effect on fauna around the mining lease area.
Following mitigation measures shall be adopted:

Progressive afforestation through green belt development will improve the vegetal
cover and create good habitat for fauna in the area.
10.5.7.3

Measures shall be adopted to curb pollution due to air, water and land.

Developing awareness for nature and wildlife in the adjoining villages.
Impact on Aquatic Ecology
The dry riverbed mining in ephemeral river system which flow only in 90% of the year during
monsoon alone, in which period the mining activities are not envisaged, apparently there will
be no impact on aquatic life as there will be no surface water available for aquatic life to survive
due to dry river bed condition.
10.5.8.
IMPACT ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
The beneficial and adverse impacts due to the activities in the region would be:









10.6.
Direct Employment Potential in various categories as skilled/semi-skilled/un-skilled
work force for carrying out mining activities besides indirect employment in transport
sector.
Amelioration of the general living standards of local persons employed in mining
activities and improving their purchase power.
Improvement in the economic growth in the region by way of additional mineral
availability.
Corporate social responsibility initiative will have a positive impact on socio economic
fabric of the area.
Benefit to the State and the Central governments through financial revenues by way
of royalty, tax, duties, etc from this project directly and indirectly.
Dust will affect the land productivity and increase in respiratory problems.
Conflict of utilization of local resources between lessee and locals.
Contamination of water, soil and air due to mining.
Increased use of existing roads may cause congestion on roads.
Environmental Monitoring Programme
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All the environmental parameters viz. air, water, noise, soil will be monitored regularly in order
to detect any changes from the baseline status. Environmental Monitoring program will be
followed till the mining operations ceases. The sites for monitoring, parameters to be
monitored and the frequency of monitoring have been elucidated in the concerned monitoring
programme with frequency of monitoring and the locations of the monitoring stations. A
recurring annual cost of Rs. 3 lac has been earmarked.
10.7.
Additional Studies
10.7.1.
Replenishment Studies
The computation of sediment yield of 1.39 MMT/year is based on the relationship derived for
sediment yield as function of the effective rainfall. The annual extraction (1.4 MMT) exceeds
the annual deposition by 0.6 million tonne which implies that the deposition rate is about
42.85% lower than the annual extraction rate. The area mined out every year will get
replenished after a number of consecutive good monsoon seasons, reckoned from the end of
pre-monsoon season of the year of extraction, provided the free reach of the river receive runoff from three to four events of flood every monsoon. It is therefore assessed that the mined
out area within 5 years shall be completely replenished after 5 years reckoned from the
cessation of the mining provided every year average annual rainfall during rainy season (436
mm) occurs in the catchment. .
10.7.2.
Risk Assessment
The mining activities involve certain types of hazards, during operation and close, which can
disrupt normal activities abruptly and lead to disaster like fires, inundation, failure of machinery,
explosion, to name a few. The impending dangers or risks, which need be investigated
addressed, disaster management plan formulated with an aim to taking precautionary steps
to avert disaster and to take such action after the disaster, which limits the damage to the
minimum.
10.7.3.
Inundation Studies
The area experiences worst storms causing rainfall during monsoon season Though no mining
activities is envisaged during monsoon season (June to September), yet in the context of the
present mine the inundation cannot be ruled out due to flash flood in the catchment during
non-monsoon season.
10.7.4.
Pit Slope Stability
On the basis of empirical formula considering the depth of cut, unit weight and cohesive
strength, the pit mining in 3 m depth is safe from stability consideration of slope. Otherwise
also the safety factor against slope failure has been worked out more than 1.5 by adopting
Taylor stability curve for stability number N=0.035 for angle of slope of 400
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10.7.5.
Occupational Health and Safety
The most significant occupational health impacts are Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) and
Occupational Lung Disease (OLD) due to inhalation of dust. As per Mines Rules, 1955,
medical examination of employees at the initial stage and periodically, shall be done by a team
of qualified medical officers provided by the project proponent.
10.7.6.
R & R Plan
As no private land or asset acquisition is involved, no R&R plan is warranted
10.7.7.
Social Impact Assessment
No social impact assessment is warranted under Right to Fair Compensation and
Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013.
10.8.
Project benefits
As no R&R issue is involved, the project will not have any adverse impact but it will herald all
positive benefits to the society and improve socio economic fabric of the region. The local
population shall be definitely benefited due to implementation of CSR initiatives. The following
are the positive benefits:
10.9.

Direct employment to local population.

Indirect employment for execution of various management plans, viz. Green Belt
Development, soil conservation works and maintenance of haul road.

Direct revenue to the state Exchequer in the form of royalty, trade/sales tax, cess etc.
Environmental Management Plan
S. No. Name of Plan
Capital Cost Recurring annual
Cost Rs in Lac
Rs in Lac
1.
2.
Environment Monitoring Plan for Air, Noise, Water, Soil, etc.
-
3.00
Air
Pollution
Control- Management o f H a u l a g e
R o a d s including Sprinkling.
-
1.75
3.
Plantation / Green belt development plan
4.
Disposal and spreading of
Silt/clay as per Health
Mining Plan
Occupational
Measures
5.
7.15
-
1.67
2.04
0.77
6.
7.
Provision of PPE and other
Soil
Conservation
works (Engineering)
Miscellaneous
expenditure
Cost under Corporate Social Responsibility Initiatives for five years is Rs. 20 lac. Thus cost per year is Rs. 4.0 lac
0.60
4.00
8.
Conservation Plan for Wildlife (Schedule I & II, WPA, 1972)
-
2.00
Total
2.04
20.94
10.10.
Conclusion
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Within the ambit of the Tor issued by the EAC, MoEF, the EIA studies have been conducted
and impacts predicted. It has been ensured that all possible environmental aspects are
touched and assessed both quality wise and quantity wise. Necessary control and mitigative
measures in context to adverse impacts have been proposed to meet the statutory
environmental requirements. The environmental management plan have been formulated and
the financial implications worked out. The implementation of the project shall not lead to any
significant negative impact on the environment.
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
CHAPTER 11.
: Disclosure of Consultants
Declaration by Experts Contributing to the EIA: Sand/Bajri Mining (ML Area of 4316.0 ha) in
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan [Category – ‘A’]
I, hereby, certify that I was a part of the EIA team in the following capacity that developed the above EIA.
EIA Coordinator:
Name:
Signature & Date:
Yamesh Sharma
Period of Involvement:
Contact Information:
September 2013 to December 2014
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
Functional Area Experts:
Functional Areas
Name of the
Expert (s)
Air Pollution Monitoring
& Control (AP)
S K Jain
Water Pollution (WP)
S K Jain
Solid and Hazardous
Waste Management
(SHW)
S K Jain
Socio-Economics (SE)
T.G. Ekande
Ecology and Bio-diversity
Conservation (EB)
Hydrogeology and Water
Conservation (HG)
Dr. Sunil
Prasad
Yamesh
Sharma
Manoj Kumar
Sharma
Dr. Sudhanshu
Kumar
Sanjeev
Sharma
Yamesh
Sharma / Anil
Kumar
Soil Conservation (SC)
Air Quality Modeling and
Prediction (AQ)
Noise and Vibration (NV)
Land use (LU)
Risk and Hazard
management (RH)
Involvement
(Period and
Task**)
Oct.13 – Jan.14
Signature
Oct.13 – Jan.14
Oct.13 – Jan.14
S K Jain
Oct.13 – Jan.14
Oct.13 – Jan.14
Oct.13 – Feb.14
Oct.13 – Jan.14
Jan.14 - Feb.14
Oct.13 – Jan.14
Oct.13 – Jan.14
Oct.13 – Jan.14
**Please attach additional sheet if required
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
Declaration by the Head of the Accredited Consultant Organization/authorized person
I, S.K.Jain hereby, confirm that the above mentioned experts prepared the EIA: Sand/Bajri Mining (ML
Area of 4316.0 ha) in Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan I also confirm that the consultant organization
shall be fully accountable for any mis-leading information mentioned in this statement.
Signature:
Name:
Designation:
S.K.Jain
Director, Technical
Name of the EIA Consultant organization
NABET Certificate No.
Issue Date:
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
NABET/EIA/RA11/007
19th May, 2014
UNDERTAKING BY THE CONSULTANT ORGANIZATION
I, S. K. Jain, hereby solemnly do undertake that the prescribed ToR by the MoEF, in respect of the EIA/EMP
report of Sand/Bajri Mining (ML Area of 4316.0 ha) in Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan, have been
complied with and that the data submitted is factually correct to the best of my knowledge and belief. I
further undertake that the organization owns the contents (Information & Data) of the EIA report.
S.K. Jain
Director, Technical
EQMS India Pvt. Ltd.
NABET/EIA/RA11/007
19th May, 2014
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
Annexure
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
Annexure I: Letter of Intent
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
Annexure II: Approval Letter for mining plan from
Department of Mines & Geology Rajasthan
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
Annexure III: Public Hearing Notice, Attendence Sheets,
Proceedings and Replies
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Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
Rajasthan Patrika Dated 14-8-2014
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Hindustan Times Dated 14-8-2014
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Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
Summary/details of public hearing in tabular form
Issues raised by Response/Commitme Suggestions made Action Plan Reference
the Public
nt
of
Project by
the
Public in EIA Doc
Proponents
Hearing Panel
Shri Madha Ram The rates of royalty for
Gujjar,
R/o minor minerals are
Modawas
determined by the state
government and the
The rate of royalty project proponent /
of bajri is very lessee has no locus
high.
standii
over
this
exclusive policy matter.
It is the policy matter
of the state and the
view of the public shall
be
communicated
Shree
Ram,
Shivpura
-
Pema R/o
Expressed
no
objection
in
respect of the
Sand
Mining
Project
Omkar Singh, R/o The mining shall be Ajitpura
carried out upto 3m
depth as per approved
Suggested
that mining plan
the mining should
not be carried out
in excess of 3m
depth
Section
2.8.2
and
Approved Mining Plan
Shri Mishri Nath
The plantation shall be
carried out as per green
Inquired about the belt development plan
proposed location contained in the EMP
for plantation
The PP shall
responsible for
maintenance of
plantation during
project period.
Bhanupratap
As per approved mine
Singh,
R/o, plan, the transportation
Bhaisana
of minerals shall be
carried through covered
Suggested
that trucks and overloading
the incidence of avoided beyond the
overloading
of stipulated capacity. It is
the responsibility of the
Approved
mining Section 4.10.2
plan shall be strictly
complied
with.
Periodical checking
of loaded trucks at
proper “Naka” shall
be carried out by
mining as well as
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
be Section 9.3
the
Belt
the (Green
the Development Plan – Rs.
7.15 lac per annum)
256
EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
tractors should be state mine department transport
controlled
and
the
transport department.
department to ensure
no
overloading
of
trucks.
Satya Singh R/o Sandara
-
-
Has no object in
respect of the
sand
mining
project
Shri Kishore, R/o The deployment of JCB
Sojat
is permitted as per
RMMCR Rules 1986
The deployment and is as per approved
of the JCB should mining plan. The EIA
be prohibited and document vouches for
advocated
for deployment
of
manual method manpower indigenously
so
that
more available during the
employment
lease period.
opportunities are
available
The local people Section 4.9 and 8.3.1
shall
get
the
employment
for
executing
mining
activities as well as
labour
oriented
works under the
management plans.
Shri Asharam, R/o The garbage should be
Sojat
disposed
at
the
designated landfill sites
Sojat Municipality
is involved in
indiscriminate in
throwing
the
garbage into the
river without any
consideration for
protecting
the
environment
The
ADM
has informed
about
passing instructions
to EO Municipality
Sojat for looking into
the matter.
Shri Hari
R/o Sojat
Ram, The mining is being carried out as per
approved mine plan in
Suggested
that the designated Khasra
the mining should number. Under Rule 18
be restricted to of
RMMCR,
1986
the
designated ammended upto 2012
area by deploying and notification from the
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
Approved mining plan
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
JCB
and
no
mining should be
carried out near
wells in the river.
The practice of
throwing garbage
into the river by
the Municipality
should
be
checked
Shri
Bhawani
Singh
R/o
Suggested proper
and
extensive
advertisement of
the
Public
Hearing.
The
mining should be
carried
out
considering
the
safety
of
the
villages and also
in keeping with
the views of the
villagers.
The
erosion of the
river bank should
be avoided and
plantation should
be done along
river bank
State
Mining
Department, a safety
zone of 45m radius has
been contemplated and
the mining plan has
been
formulated
accordingly. The PP is
bound to ensure its
compliance.
For control of incidence
of bank erosion, a
safety zone of 10m on
either bank has been
provided
in
the
approved mining plan.
Besides provision for
erecting stone masonry
retaining structure has
been made in the EMP
Shri Omparashar, The
State
Mining
Correspondent
Department and the
district Administration
For enabling to are
responsible
express
their department
of
the
views
timely government who shall
notice
of
the oversee
the
works
public
hearing under EMP
should have been
ensured. What is
the mechanism to
ensure
proper
implementation of
the EMP. The
machinery can be
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
The notice for public
hearing has been
published in two
papers and in the
light
of
the
concerned
Notification of the
MoEF
Section
9.6
Conservation
Rs. 3 lac).
(Soil
Works
Annexure-III
The notice for public Annexure-III
hearing has been
published in two
papers and in the
light
of
the
concerned
Notification of the
MoEF
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
deployed
mining.
for
Shri Narayan Lal, R/o Bhilawas
No royalty should
be imposed on
excavated earth
Royalty is applicable for
all
minerals
including
earth
obtained from the
river.
Shri Puran Singh The PP shall display the Solanki, R/o Sojat names of the persons
engaged at the check
The information points.
about
the
personal engaged
at check points
should be made
public
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
-
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
Annexure IV: NOC issued by the competent authority in
respect to Aravali Notification
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD.
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
Annexure V: Laboratory Result Sheets of monitoring of
Ambient Air Quality
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Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
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Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
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Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
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Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
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Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
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Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
Annexure VI: Laboratory Result Sheets of Physico –
Chemical Analysis of Water
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Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
Annexure VII: Laboratory Result Sheets of Physico –
Chemical Analysis of Soil
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
Annexure VIII (A): Environmental Policy
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
Annexure VIII (B): Non-Compliance Reporting System
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EIA/EMP report of Sand/Bajri Mine (With ML Area of 4316.0 ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali, Rajasthan
Annexure VIII (C): Organization Structure
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278
QUESTIONNAIRE FOR
ENVIRONMENTAL
APPRAISAL OF MINING
SECTOR PROJECTS
River Sand/Bajri Mine (ML Area:4316.00-ha)
Tehsil Sojat, District Pali,
Rajasthan
JANUARY, 2015
Submitted by:
M/s Shekhawat Associates
R/o 226, Jaswant Nagar,
Khatipura Road, Jaipur-Rajasthan.
EIA Consultant:
EQMS INDIA PVT. LTD. INDIA
304-305, 3rd Floor, Plot No. 16, Rishabh Corporate Tower,
Community Centre, Karkardooma, Delhi – 110092
Phone: 011-30003200, 30003219; Fax: 011-22374775
Website: www.eqmsindia.com ; E-mail – [email protected]
[Sl. No. 60 of QCI list of accredited consultants, December 5, 2014]
PROFORMA FOR ENVIRONMENTAL APPRAISAL OF MINING PROJECTS
(MINING SECTOR PROJECTS)
Note 1:
All information to be given in the form of Annex/s should be properly numbered and
form part of reply to this proforma.
Note 2:
Please enter √ in appropriate box where answer is Yes / No
Note 3:
No abbreviation to be used-Not available or Not applicable should be clearly
mentioned.
Note 4:
Core zone is the mining lease area.
Buffer zone in case of ML area up to 25-ha is to be considered as 5-km all around
the periphery of the core zone and for ML area above 25 ha an area 10-km all
around the periphery of the core zone.
Note 5:
Note 6:
1.
Adopt Scoping process in carrying out EIA study.
Please indicate source of data.
General Information
(a)
(i)
Name of the project: River Sand /Bajri Mine (ML Area 4316-ha) of
M/s. Shekhawat Associates, Tehsil Sojat, District Pali,
Rajasthan
Name of the proponent
: M/s. Shekhawat Associates
Mailing Address
: R/o 226, Jaswant Nagar,
Khatipura, Jaipur-Rajasthan, Pin Code-302021
E-mail
: [email protected]
Telephone
: 09783771175
(b)
Objective of the project
: For meeting the huge demand of construction
material like coarse and fine sand/Bajri required in
building construction and infrastructure works, road
material for construction and maintenance of roads /
highway material.
(c)
Location of mine
Villages
Akbai Ki Dhani, Ajeetpura, Atbara, Bagri-I, Bagri-II,
Bagawas, Bariyala, Basna, Basni surayta, Bhaniya,
Bhanwarbhata, Bhaisana, Bijiliyawas, Bilawas, Butelav,
Chandlai,
Chandansani,
Chandwas,
Chandawal,
Chamdiyak, Choupra, Dadi, Devli Hulla, Devnagar,
Dhagdwas, Dhakri, Dhanderi, Dhinawas, Dhurasani,
Dornadi, Dhudhalambodi, Gaguda, Gajnai, Godelav,
Gudhabachhraj,
Gudhabhdawata,
Gudhabija,
Gudhacatura,
Gudhakalan,
Gudharamsingh,
Gudhashyama, Hapat, Haripura, Hariyamali, Heerawas,
Higawas, Jhupelav, Kanawas, Karmawas, Kharnikhera,
Tehsil
Sojat
District
Pali
State
Rajasthan
Q-1
Kelwad, Kerkhera, Khakhra, Khamal, Khariyaniv,
Khariyasoda,
Khariyaswamin,
Kheranavra,
Khekhdikawala, Khokhra, Lanera, Ladpura, Lakhakakhet,
Lundawas, Malpuriyakalan, Malpuriyakhurd, Mamawas,
Mandala, Mev, Modawas, Murdava, Naidhani, Napawas,
Nayalkudi, Nayagaon, Pachvakhurd, Pachundakalan,
Pachundakhurd, Pachvakalan, Bariyala, Piplad, Potliya,
Pokariyanadi, Ramasani Sandwan, Ramasaniwala,
Rairakalankhurd,
Rendri,
Repdawas,
Roopnagar,
Roopawas, Rundiya, Salarmal, Sandmagara, Sandiya,
Sarangwas, Sardarsamand, Sadarpura, Shivnagar,
Shivpura, Singpura, Sisarwada, Siyat, Sibdawas,
Sohannagar, Sojat-I, Sojat-II, Sojatroad, Sandarada,
Surayata, Tharasani, Udvesikuan, Veerawas.
(d)
Does the proposal relate to :
(i)
New mine
Yes
(ii)
Expansion
Yes
No
√

Increase in ML area
Yes
No
√

Increase in annual
production
Yes
No
√
Yes
No
√
(iii)
Renewal of ML
(iv)
Modernization
(e)
Site Information
(i)
(ii)
2.
√
Yes
No
No
√
Geographical Location

Latitude
25°43’00.00”N to 26°14’00.00”N

Longitude
73°12’00.00”E to 74°05’00.00” E

Survey of India Topo sheet number
45 G/5, 45G/9, 45G/13, 45 F/8,
45 F/12, 45 F/16

Elevation above Mean Sea Level
210 to 380

Total mining lease area (in ha.)
4316-ha
Dominant nature of terrain

Flat
Yes
√
No

Undulated
Yes
√
No

Hilly
Yes
No
√
Land usage of the mining lease area (in ha.)
Q-2
(a)
Agricultural
0.00
(b)
Forest
0.00
(c)
Waste land
4316.0
(d)
Grazing
0.000
(e)
Surface water bodies
0.000
(f)
Others (Specify)
0.000
Total
3.
4316.0
Indicate the seismic zone in which ML area falls. In case of zone-IV & V,
details of earth quakes in last 10 years.
(a) Severity (Richter scale): The ML Area falls in Zone II in Rajasthan State where the
largest instrumented earthquake event was felt at 22:11 on 15th August 1906
with Mw. 6.2. Details of recent earthquake events during past 20 years in the
study area and nearby districts of the state enclosed as Annexure-I
(b)
Impact i.e. Damage to

Life
Yes
√
No

Property
Yes
√
No

Existing mine
Yes
No
√
Q-3
4.
Break-up of Mining Lease Area (in ha.) as per Approved Conceptual Plan:
Purpose
Mining Lease Area
Government
Private
Forest Others
Agri.
Others
Total
Area acquired
Government
Private
Forest Others
Agri.
Others
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
166.67
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
166.67
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Area to be acquired
Government
Private
Fore
Others
Agri.
Others
st
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.000
0.000
55.00
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.000
0.000
55.00
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
12. Township area
13.Other (Specify) :
(a) Area under safety
zones and offset from
either banks
0.00
0.00
0.000
626.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.000
626.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
(b) Un-worked area
0.00
0.00
3468.33
4316.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3468.33
4316.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1. Area to be excavated
2. Storage for top soil
3. Overburden / Dumps
4. Mineral storage
5. Infrastructure (Workshop,
Administrative Building)
6. Roads
7. Railways
8. Green Belt
9.Tailings pond
10.Effluent treatment plant
11.Coal handling plant /
mineral separation plant
TOTAL
Q-4
5.
Township (outside mining lease):
(a)
Total area (in ha)
0.00
(b)
No. of dwelling units
0.00
(c)
Distance from mine site
0.00
6.
Distance of water bodies (in km):
Distance
from
Not Applicable
The mine lease area is itself in the
Sukri, Lilri, Guhiya and Rediya
River Section
River Bank *
Mining lease boundary
Ancillary facilities
5m to 10m
Nil
Other Water bodies *
Sea / creek / lake / nalla etc.
(specify)
Sardar Samand (7 km)
Chupra Raj Sagar (6 km)
Nil
[* From highest flood line / high tide line]
7.
For projects falling within the
Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ)
: Not applicable as the mine lease area
lies in Rajasthan (non-coastal zone)
Whether the mineral to be mined is of rare
Nature and not available outside CRZ ?
Yes
No
if yes, annex a scaled location map showing low tide line (LTL), high tide line (HTL)
duly demarcated by one of the authorized agencies* [ *Director, Space Application
Centre, Ahmedabad: Centre for Earth Sciences Studies, Thiruvananthapuram:
Institute of Remote Sensing, Anna University, Chennai: Institute of Wetland
Management & Ecological Designs, KolKata: Naval Hydrographers’s Office,
Dehradun: National Institute of Oceanography, Panjim, Goa: and National Institute
of Ocean Technology, Chennai], boundary of mining lease area, distance of ML area
from LTL and HTL CRZ boundary and CRZ classification of the project area as per the
approved Coastal Zone Management Plan, and settlements, sand dunes, mangroves,
forest land/patches, turtles breeding and nesting sites etc., if any, in the project
area.
8.
S.
No.
Indicate aerial distance from the periphery of core zone / area from the
periphery of the buffer zone to the boundary of following (up to 10-km):
Areas
Name
1.
National Park / Sanctuary
Todgarh Raoli
2.
Biosphere Reserve / Tiger
Reserve / Elephant
None (up to 10-km)
Aerial distance from
(In km.)
Core *
Buffer*
Zone
Zone
Varies
>11km
between 1km
to 11km
Q-5
Reserve / any other
Reserve
3.
Forest (RF / PF /
unclassified)
Jod Butlev RF
Roondiya PF
Atpada PF
Devdungri RF
Jod Murdawara RF
4.
Habitat for migratory birds
None
-
5.
Corridor for animals of None
schedule I & II of the
Wildlife (Protection) Act,
1972
-
6.
Archaeological sites
* Notified
-
* Others
None
6 (SE)
15 (E)
5 (E)
6 (SE)
4 (S)
None
7.
Defence Installation
None
-
8.
Industries / Thermal Power
Plants
None
-
9.
Other Mines
Sand/Bajri Project in
Bandi, Khari, Somesar,
Sukri, Ungti, Mithri
and Jawai river in
other tehsils of district
Pali
10.
Airport
11.
Railway Lines
12.
National / State Highways
Jodhpur Airport
105-km
Sojat Road
08-km
NH-14
NH-14 (2-km)
[* Buffer zone in case of ML area up to 25 ha. is to be considered as 5 km all around the periphery
of the core zone and for ML area above 25 ha. an area 10 km all around the periphery of the core
zone].
9.
Description of flora & fauna separately in the core and buffer zones.*
[* Consult the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 as amended subsequently and list species with (1)
Common name (2) Scientific name and (3) under which schedule of the Wildlife (Protection) Act the
identified species fall. Get the list authenticated by an Expert in the field / credible scientific institute /
University / Chief Wildlife Warden Office. Information to be based on field survey. ]
A.
Flora
Core Zone
Buffer Zone
Common Name
Botanical Name
Q-6
1.Agricultural
crops
2.Commercial
crops
3. Plantation
-
-
-
Maize
Zea mays L.
Pulse (Urad)
Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper
Kala Chana
Cicer Arietinum
Wheat
Triticum aestivum L.
Barley
Hordeum vulgare
Sesamum
Sesamum indicum
Mustard
Brassica nigra
Sorghum
Sorghum bicolor
Millet, Bajra
Pennisetum americanum
Cumin
Cuminum cyminum
Cluster Bean
Cyamopsis tetragonoloba
Fenugreek
Trigonella foenum-graecum
Tomato
Lycopersicon esculentum
Onion
Allium cepa
Brinjal
Solanum melongina
Tinda
Praecitrullus fistulosus
Pea
Pisum sativum
-
-
Q-7
4.Natural
Vegetation/
forest type
Tree
Tree
Shrub
Herb
Acacia nilotica
Acacia leucophloea
Abrus precatorius
Ricinus communis
Acacia nilotica
Acacia
jacquemontii
Salvadora oleiodes
Acacia senegal
Shrub
Aegle marmelos
Acacia jacquemontii
Albezia lebbek
Adhatoda vasica
Azadirachta indica
Calotropis gigantean
Bahunia variagata
Cassia auriculata
Bombex Ceiba
Cassia tora
Butea monosperma
Datura stramonium
Emblica officinais
Ipomoea sp
Eucalyptus sp
Lantana camara
Moringa oleifera
Opuntia dilenii
Phoenix sylvastris
Herb
Ricinus communis
Argemone mexicana
Ficus bengalensis
Barleria cristata
Prosopis cineraria
Cannabis sativa
Salvadora oleiodes
Parthenium hysterophorus
Syzygium cumini
Solanum sp.
Ziziphus xylopyrus
Solanum xanthocarpum
Apluda mutica
Echinops echinatus
Euphorbia granulata
Adhatoda
Vasica
Aerva javanica
Caesalpinia
bonduc
Apluda mutica
Calligonum
polygonoides
Argemone
mexicana
Calotropis
gigantea
Barleria cristata
Calotropis
procera
Cenchrus ciliaris
Capparis
decidua
Carissa
carandas
Cassia
auriculata
Cannabis sativa
Cynodon dactylon
Echinops
echinatus
Euphorbia
chamaesyce
Euphorbia
granulate
Crotalaria
burhia
Euphorbia hirta
Datura
stramonium
Heteropogon
contortus
Euphorbia
nivulia
Parthenium
hysterophorus
Ipomoea sp
Saccharum munja
Lantana
camara
Solanum sp
Martynia
annua
Heteropogon contortus
Achyranthes
aspera
Nyctanthes
arbortristis
Opuntia dilenii
Solanum
xanthocarpum
Tephrosia
purpurea
Tribulus terrestris
Vernonia cinerea
Xanthium
strumarium
5.
lands
Grass
6.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Endang
ered species
7.
Endemi
c species
8.
Others
(Specify)
B.
Fauna
Q-8
1. Total listing of
faunal elements
Mammalians
Avifauna
1.
Rhesus Monkey
(Macaca mulatta)
1.
House Sparrow(Passer
domesticus)
2.
Blue Bull (Boselaphus
tragocamelus)
2.
Bank Myna(Acridotheres
ginginianus)
3.
Common House Rat
(Rattus rattus)
3.
Black Drongo (Dicrurus
macrocercus)
4.
Vulpes vulpes
4.
Black-winged Stilt(Himantopus
5.
Indian Fox (Vulpes
bengalensis)
6.
Indian Hare (Lepus
nigricollis)
5.
7.
Indian Palm Squirrel
(Funambulus palmarum)
6.
8.
Jungle Cat (Felis chaus)
9.
Wild Boar (Sus scrofa)
Herpetofauna
1.
Common House
Gecko (Hemidactylus
frenatus)
2.
Leopard gecko
(Eublepharis
macularius)
3.
Common garden
lizard (Calotes
versicolor)
4.
Indian chameleon
(Chamaeleo
zeylanicus)
Common Peafowl (Pavo
cristatus)
5.
Oriental rat snake
(Ptyas mucosus)
7.
Common Pigeon (Columba livia
)
6.
Common Indian
Toad(Bufo
melanostictus)
8.
Eurasian Curlew (Numenius
7.
Marlbled Toad(Bufo
stomaticus)
8.
Indian Bull Frog (
Rana Tigerina)
himantopus
)
Common Myna(Acridotheres
tristis
)
arquata)
9.
Goose Greylag(Anser anser)
10. Grey Heron(Ardea cinerea)
11. House Crow(Corvus splendens)
12. Indian Courser (Cursorius
coromandelicus)
13. Indian Pond Heron (Ardeola
grayii)
14. Indian Robin (Saxicoloides
fulicatus)
15. Indian Roller (Coracias
benghalensis)
16. Indian Silverbill (Euodice
malabarica)
17. Little Egretta (Egretta garzetta)
18. Pintail Duck(Anas acuta)
19. Red-vented Bulbul
(Pycnonotus cafer)
20. River Tern (Sterna arantia)
21. Spotted Dove (Stigmatopelia
chinensis)
22. Weaver Bird (Ploceus
philippinus )
2.Endangered
species
Schedule-I : Peafowl
Schedule-II : Jungle Cat, Rhesus Monkey, Indian Fox and
Mangoose
Q-9
3.
Endemic
species
-
-
4.Migratory
species
-
Winter Visitors
5.
Details
of
aquatic fauna, if
applicable
10.
11.
1.
Black-winged Stilt(Himantopus himantopus
2.
Eurasian Curlew (Numenius arquata)
3.
Goose Greylag (Anser anser)
4.
Pintail Duck(Anas acuta)
)
Not Applicable in view of ephemeral river which runs only for a few days in rainy season.
Details of mineral reserves (as per approved Mining Plan)
Quantity (in million tonnes)
(a)
Proved (up to 3-m depth)
(b)
Indicated
Nil
(c)
Inferred
Nil
(d)
Mineable reserves
181.27
146.96
Major geological formation / disturbances in the mining lease area
(a)
√
(b)
Geological maps submitted
Yes
(Approved Surface Geological Plan)
Geological sections submitted
Yes
(c)
Contour map submitted (Fig.3.1)
√
(d)
Whether the presence, if any,
noted of
[
(e)
Yes
No
No
√
No
(i)
Faults
Yes
No
√
(ii)
Dykes
Yes
No
√
(iii)
Shear Zone
Yes
No
√
(iv)
Folds
Yes
No
√
(v)
Other weak zones
Yes
No
√
Source of data (Indicate)
Approved Mine Plan and PFR
Q-10
12.
Production of mineral(s) and life of mine
(a)
Rated capacity of mine mineral wise (Tonnes / annum)
Year-wise and Block-wise proposed production capacity in Million Metric Tonne /
Annum is shown in Table below.
S.
No
1
2
3
4
5
Year
Block –A
Block –B
0.21
0.35
0.28
0.35
0.21
1.4
0.28
0.21
0.21
0.28
0.21
1.19
I
II
III
IV
V
Total
Block –
C
0.21
0.28
0.21
0.21
0.35
1.26
Block –D
Block –E
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.21
0.28
1.54
0.35
0.21
0.35
0.35
0.35
1.61
(b)
Life of mine at proposed capacity (Years)
(c)
Lease period (Years)
(d)
Date of expiry of lease (D/M /Y)
Total
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
7.0
Continuous / Perpetual
being partly replenished
on annual basis
5
-
Five years reckoned from the date of execution of lease deed.
(e)
Indicate in case of existing mines : Not applicable as it is case of New Mine
(i)
Date of opening of mine
(ii)
Production in the last 5 years
from year……… to year ………
in million tonnes.
(iii)
(iv)
Not applicable as mine is
yet to be opened
1st year
5th year
-
-
Projected production for the next
5 years from year ……… to year
………..in million tonnes.
6th to 10th year
-
Whether mining was suspended after
opening of the mine?
Yes
If yes, details thereof including last production
figure and reason for the same.
(f)
13.
Whether plans & sections provided?
Yes
No
√
Not applicable
No
√
Type and method of mining operations
TYPE
Opencast
Underground
METHOD
√
Manual
Semi-mechanised
√
Q-11
Both
14.
15.
Mechanised
Details of ancillary operations for mineral processing
(a)
Existing
None
(b)
Additional
None
Mine details
(a)
Opencast mine
(i)
Stripping ratio (mineral in tonnes to over burden in m3)
(ii)
Ultimate working depth (in m bgl)
(iii)
Indicate present working depth in case of
Existing mine (in m bgl)
(iv)
Thickness of top soil (in m.)
(v)
(vi)
Not applicable
3.0- m
Not applicable

Minimum
0.05

Maximum
0.015

Average
0.01
Thickness of overburden (in m.)

Minimum
0.00

Maximum
0.00

Average
0.00
Mining Plan

Height and width of the bench in
overburden / waste.
Not Applicable

Height & width of the bench in ore body /
coal seam.
3 m deep in riverbed

Proposed inclination / slope of the sides of the
Opencast mine (separately for overburden, coal /
Ore and overall slope of the pit sides) both while
Operating the mine as well as at the time of
Closure of the mine.
400 to 450 side
inclination in river bed
pits in 3m depth below
river bed level
Q-12

Whether transverse sections across the
Opencast mine at the end of fifth year
and at the end of the life of the mine
have been submitted?
Yes
No
√
No blasting is involved
(vii)
(b)
Type of blasting, if any, to be adopted.
Underground mine
(i)
: Not Applicable as the present mine is
Open-cast
Seam / Ore body Min.Depth (m) Max. Depth (m) Avg. thickness (m)
Rate of dip
in degree
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
Direction of dip
Mode of entry into the mine

Shaft

Adit

Incline
Details of machinery

On surface

At Face

For transportation

Others
Method of stopping (metalliferrous mines)

Open

Filled

Shrinkage

Caving

Combination of above
Q-13

(v)
Others (Specify)
Extraction method
[
(vi)

Caving

Stowing

Partial extraction
Subsidence

Predicted max. subsidence (in m)

Max. value of tensile strain (in mm/m)

Max. slope change (in mm/m)

Whether identified possible subsidence
area(s) superimposed on Surface
Plan has been submitted?

Major impacts on surface features
like natural drainage pattern, houses,
buildings, water bodies, roads, forest,
etc.

Salient features of subsidence management (monitoring and control).
Yes
16.
Surface drainage pattern at mine site
(a)
Whether the pre-mining surface drainage plan
submitted? (Figure 3.6)
(b)
Do you propose any modification / diversion
Yes
in the existing natural drainage pattern at any
stage? If yes, when. Provide location map
indicating contours, dimensions of water body to be
diverted, direction of flow of water and proposed
route / changes, if any i.e. realignment of river / nallah /
any other water body falling within core zone and
its impact.
17.
Embankment and / or weir construction
(a)
Do you propose, at any stage, construction of
(i)
Embankment for protection against flood?
Yes
Yes
√
No
No
No
No
√
√
Q-14
(ii)
Weir for water storage for the mine?
Yes
No
(b)
If so, provide details thereof.
: Not applicable
(c)
: Not applicable
(d)
Impact of embankment on HFL and settlement
around.
Impact of weir on down stream users of water.
18.
Vehicular traffic density (outside the ML area)
: Not applicable
Type of vehicles
(a)
No. of vehicles per day
Existing
NH-14
Two-wheelers
Car/Van
Tractor
Truck/Bus
(b)
√
After the proposed activity
Two-wheelers
Car/Van
Tractor
Truck/Bus
521
SH62
934
SH58
302
1506
1024
933
76
96
44
3747
829
946
NH14
521
SH-62
SH-58
934
302
1506
1024
933
76
96
44
4087
849
1068
[
(c)
19.
Whether the existing road
Yes
No
√
Network is adequate?
If no, provide details of alternative
Proposal ?
Loading, transportation and unloading of mineral and waste rocks on
surface:
√
(a)
Manual
Yes
(b)
Tubs, mine cars, etc.
Yes
(c)
]
(d)
Scraper, shovels, dumpers / trucks.
Yes
Conveyors (belt, chain, etc.)
Yes
(e)
Others (specify).
20.
Mineral(s) transportation outside the ML area
(b)
Road
Rail
No
√
No
√
No
√
No
Qty. (in TPD)
(a)
No
5000
Percentage (%) Length (in km)
100
50
0.00
0.00
0.0
Q-15
(c)
Conveyors
(d)
Rope way
0.00
0.0
(e)
Water ways
0.00
0.0
(f)
Pipeline
0.00
0.0
(g)
Others (Specify)
0.00
0.0
Total
5000
100
0.0
0.0
0.0
Q-16
21.
Baseline Meteorological and Air Quality data
(a)
Micro-meteorological data
[Continuous monitoring through autographic instrument for one full season other than monsoon]
(i)
(ii)
Month
Oct 13
Nov 13
Dec 13
Wind rose pattern for one full season (16 points of compass i.e. N, NNE, NE, ---) based on 24-hourly data. For coastal
area also furnish day-time and night time data.

Day time
: Not applicable due to non-coastal area

Night time
: Not applicable due to non-coastal area

24 – hours period
: Annexure II
Site specific monitored data
Wind Speed (kmph)
Mean
Max.
1.94
1.41
1.65
14.8
18.5
20.4
% of
calm
0.0
1.39
0.27
Temperature (oC)
Mean
(Dry Bulb)
25.9
23.0
18.4
Relative Humidity (%)
Rain Fall * (mm)
Highest
Lowest
Mean
Highest
Lowest
Total
36.6
34.4
29.6
14.0
11.3
6.2
42.6
41.7
47.2
65.8
63.3
70.2
24.4
28.3
26.7
0
0
0
24-hours
Highest
0
0
0
No. of
rainy days
0
0
0
Cloud
Cover**
(Octas of
sky)
Mean
1.8
1.4
2.0
*
24-hour’s rainfall should be reported from 08:30 hrs. IST of previous day to 08:30 hrs. IST of the day.
*
Rainy day is considered when 24 hrs. Rainfall is  2.5 mm.
** Visual observations of cloud cover should be recorded four times a day at regular intervals.
(iii)
Indicate name and distance of the nearest IMD meteorological
: IMD, Jodhpur (77 km)
station from which climatologically data have been obtained
for reporting in the EIA report, if any.
Q-12
(b)
Ambient air quality data* (RPM, SPM, SO2, and NOx)
[*Monitoring should be carried out covering one full season except monsoon – same season as in 21 (a) (i)]
[*Frequency of sampling: Sampling to be done twice a week for the entire season 24 hourly for SPM & RPM. For gaseous pollutants 24- hourly data
be given irrespective of the sampling period. ]
(i) Season and period for which monitoring has been carried out. : Post Monsoon (October 2013 to December 2013)
(ii) No. of samples collected at each monitoring station: 24
PM10
3
(μg/m )
Envirotech
APM-460 BL
APM-151
SO2
gm/m3)
Envirotech
APM-460 BL
Annual
Average
60
40
50
40
0.5
24 hours
100
60
80
80
1.0
Annual
Average
60
40
20
30
0.5
24 hours
100
60
80
80
1.0
Name of monitoring equipment used
Equipment sensitivity
Industrial,
Permissible
Residential
NAAQS
, Rural and
CPCB
Other
Notification
Areas
Dated 18th
November,
Ecologicall
2009.
y Sensitive
Areas
notified by
Central
Govt.
Monitoring
No. of
Location
Samples
Drawn
24
Core zone
CA1
Rediya
Riverbed at
Chaupra (A2)
(μ
PM2.5
gm/m3)
(μ
NOx
gm/m3)
Envirotech
APM-460 BL
Pb**
gm/m3)
Envirotech
APM-460 BL
(μ
(μ
Category*
(R, I, S)
Min.
Max.
98%
tile
Min.
Max.
98%
tile
Min.
Max.
98%
tile
Min.
Max.
98%
tile
Min.
Max.
98%
tile
R
54
75
73
-
-
-
4.4
7.6
7.5
18.4
24.2
23.9
-
-
-
Q-13
Buffer zone
BA1
Sojat Town
(A-1)
Buffer zone
BA2
Chaupra
Village(A-3)
BA3
Siyat (A-4)
BA4
Sheopura
village(A-5)
24
73
106
101
-
-
-
5.1
R
7.4
20.8
25.5
25.4
-
-
-
8.0
24
R
59
78
77
-
-
-
4.8
7.9
7.3
19.5
25.2
25.1
-
-
-
24
R
54
78
75
-
-
-
4.8
7.4
6.9
19.8
25.6
25.4
-
-
-
24
R
58
77
75
-
-
-
4.7
7.7
7.4
19.3
26.2
25.6
-
-
-
Note: As per ToR collection of primary baseline data on ambient air quality has to be made in respect of pollutants PM 10, SO2 and NOx
*R = Residential; I = Industrial; S = Sensitive
**Pb for mineral specific sites only.
# Annex a location map indicating location of AAQ stations, their direction and distance with respect to project site.
: Annexure - III
Q-14
22.
Sl.
No.
Stack and emission details, if any*
Process / unit of
operation (e.g.
DG Set, Boiler)
Height of
stack (m)
Internal
top dia.
(m)
Flue gas
exit
velocity
(m/sec)
: Not Applicable in case of opencast riverbed mining by semiMechanized method as neither stack emission nor captive power
generation is involved.
Emission rate (kg/hr)
SPM
SO2
NOx
CO
Heat
emission
rate from
top of
stack
(K.cal/hr)
Exhaust / Flue gas
Temp
O
C
Density
Specific
Heat
Volumetric
flow rate
(m3/hr.)
23.
Details of fugitive emissions during mining operations*
:
24.
Air Quality Impact Prediction (AQIP)*
:
(a)
Details of model(s) used for AQIP including grid
Size, terrain features, and input meteorological data
: Aermod Cloud an interface based on ISCST-3, FDM Model was used
Grid size 400-m X 400-m,
Terrain Features
(b)
Maximum incremental GLC values of pollutants based on
Prediction Exercise
(in μg/m3)
S. No.
1.
Pollutants
SPM
2**.
3**.
SO2
NOX
Incremental Value
2.83 (Open Pit) + 5.05 (Line
Source) = 7.88
-
Ambient Air Quality
75
Resultant Air Quality
82.88
-
-
[* Question Number 22, 23 & 24 need not be filled-in for mines having ML area of 25 ha. or less.]
[**Information on item no. 2 & 3 to be provided in cases with captive power generation of 500 KVA and above]
Q-15
25.
Water requirement (m3/day)
Purpose
Avg. Demand
Peak Demand
0.0
0.0
2. Land reclamation
0.0
0.0
3. Dust suppression
15.0
15.0
4. Drinking
4.0
4.0
5. Green Belt
6.0
6.0
6. Beneficiation
0.0
0.0
7. Washeries
0.0
0.0
8. Fire Service
0.0
0.0
9. Others (specify)
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
25
25
A. Mine site
1.
Mine operation
B. Township
1. Green Belt
2. Domestic
3. Other (specify)
Total
23. Source of water supply*
Sojat block does not fall under notified area as per latest list of notified blocks for control and
regulation of ground water (http://www.cgwb.gov.in/CGWA/Notified_areas.html). The project
thus lies in Non-Notified Area and is neither covered under industrial/infrastructure projects
nor the mining activities shall intersect the ground water table and no dewatering of mining
pit is envisaged. No NOC is required as the water requirement from ground water source
does not exceed 25 Kld, the limit prescribed in the notification dated 14.10.2009 for overexploited block like Sojat.
S. No.
1
2
3
4
Source
River (name)
Ground water (Private Tube well)
Mine water (sump / pit)
Other surface water bodies (specify) :
m3/day
0.00
25.0
0.00
0.00
[*Annex a copy of sanction letter / permission from the concerned authority (Central Ground
Water Authority in case of ground water abstraction is from notified area / State Ground
Water Board in case of non-notified area / State Irrigation Department for surface water
pumping) for drawing water.]
27.
Lean season flow in case of pumping
No pumping of river water is
envisaged as the river is ephemeral.
Q-16
from river / nalla (cumecs)
28.
Ground water potential of the study area
28.1. Ground water availability
(a)
Range of water table (m bgl)
(i)
Pre-monsoon (April/May)
(ii)
(b)

Core Zone
7-13

Buffer zone
12-20
Post-monsoon (November)

Core Zone
5-10

Buffer zone
9-15
Total annual replenishable recharge (million m3/ year)

By ground water table fluctuation method

By rainfall infiltration factor method
84.95
71.05
(c)
Annual draft excluding estimated draft through
mine discharge (million m3/ year)
(d)
Estimated draft through mine discharge (million m3/ year)
(e)
Net annual ground water availability (million m / year)
(f)
Stage of ground water development in %
94.63
-
3
117.3
28.2. Water demand - Competing users of the water source
S.
No.
Usage
Present
Consumption
(m3/day)
Additional proposed
as per local plan
(m3/day)
Total
(m3/day)
Surface
Ground
Surface
Ground
Surface
Ground
1
Domestic
0.00
16027
0.00
25
0.00
16052
2
Irrigation
104050
2322274
0.00
0.00
104050
2322274
3
Industry
0.00
10959
0.00
0.00
0.00
10959
4
Mining
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
5
Others
(specify)
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Total
29.
104050
2349260
0.00
25
104050
2349285
Water quality*
Q-17
(a)
(b)
Annex physico -chemical analysis of water at intake point **: Annexure-IV
In case of existing mine, annex report on : Not Applicable as the mine is a new mine
quality of water discharge i.e. complete
physico – chemical analysis**
[*For non-discharging mines at least four ground water samples to be taken preferably from
downstream direction of the mine in pre-monsoon and post-monsoon periods and analysed.
For discharging mines six samples are to be analysed]
**All parameters as per BIS 10500. Indicate name of Methodology, Equipment used for
analysis, and Detection Level (DL) for each parameter.
*** Wherever any analytical parameter is below detection level, “BDL” (Below Detection
Level) should be written instead of ‘NIL’.
30.
Impact on ground water regime / stream:
/ lake / springs due to mine dewatering *
(a)
Not Applicable as no dewatering
from mine is involved and the
mining activities shall not intersect
the ground water table
Radius of influence (in m)
Not Applicable
[To be estimated based on analysis of pumping
Test data and application of empirical formula]
(b)
Whether saline water ingress will take place?
(Applicable to coastal areas)
(c)
Impact on stream / lake / springs
Yes
No
√
: No Impact on stream/lake as neither
there shall be no abstraction from
surface water, nor mine dewatering is
involved
[* Provide a comprehensive hydro-geological assessment report if the average mine
dewatering is more than 100 m3/day and or going below water table in non-monsoon period.
The report should be based on preferably latest one year pre-monsoon and post-monsoon
baseline data covering information on ground water situation, aquifer characteristics, water
level conditions (April – May and November), estimate of ground water resources, predicted
impact of the project on ground water regime and detailed remedial / conservation measures
such as artificial recharge of ground water etc. The report should be based on actual field
inventory out of existing wells, at least 30 observation wells in the buffer zone with
supplementary information from secondary sources (mention name). For estimation** of
ground water resource (refer question no. 28 above) be designated study area of the buffer
zone may be sub-divided into command and non-command areas, watershed-wise (in case of
hard rock / consolidated formations) / block-wise / mandal-wise in case of alluvial /
unconsolidated formations)]
[**For estimating ground water resources in the area follow the Ground Water Estimation
Committee recommendations of 1997]
31.
Waste Water Management
: Not Applicable, as no waste water
shall be generated from mine
Mine
(a)
Daily average discharge (m3/day) from different sources
(i)
Mine water discharge during
Q-18
(b)
(c)
(d)

Lean period
Nil

Monsoon period
Nil
(ii)
Workshop
Nil
(iii)
Domestic (mine site)
Nil
(iv)
Beneficiation / Washeries
Nil
(v)
Coal Handling Plant
Nil
(vi)
Tailings pond
Nil
(vii)
Others (Specify)
Nil
Total
Nil
Waste water treatment plant; flow
sheet for treatment process attached.
Yes
No
√
Quantity of water recycled / reused /
to be recycled in
(i)
Percentage
: Nil
(ii)
m3 /day
: Nil
Point of final discharge
Final Point
1.
: Not Applicable
Quantity discharged (in m3/day)
Surface
(i)
Agricultural land
(ii) Waste land
(iii) Forest land
(iv) Greenbelt
2. River / nallah
3. Lake
4. Sea
5. Others (specify)
Total
Q-19
(e)
(f)
Users of discharge water
√
(i)
Human
Yes
No
(ii)
Livestock
Yes
No
√
(iii)
Irrigation
Yes
No
√
(iv)
Industry
Yes
No
√
(v)
Others (specify)
None
Details of the river / nalla, if final effluent is
/ will be discharged (cumecs)
: Not Applicable
(i)
Average flow rate
(ii)
Lean season flow rate
(iii)
Aquatic life
(iv)
Analysis of river water 100-meters
Up-stream and 100-meters downstream
of discharge point submitted.
Township:
Yes
No
Not Applicable as there is no proposal
for developing any township
(a)
Waste water generation from
township (m3/day)
(b)
Are you planning to provide sewage
treatment plant?
(c)
Usage of treated water
32.
Attach water balance statement in the form of a flow diagram
indicating source (s), consumption (Section-wise) and output.
0.00
Yes
No
√
Water Balance Statement enclosed as Annexure-V
Q-20
33.
Ambient noise level Leq dB(A)
Location of Sampling
Station
A. Core Zone
CN1 (Chaupra Riverbed)
B. Buffer Zone
BN1 (Sojat)
BN2 (Chaupra)
BN3 (Siyat)
BN4 (Seopura Village)
Noise Levels
Day Time
Night Time
52.3
44.3
62.8
52.5
56.7
57.5
53.9
44.7
46.0
50.0
34.
Solid Waste
(a)
Top soil and Solid waste quantity and quality
Name
(Lump/fines/slurry/
Sludge/others)
Composition
Quantity
(m3/month)
Method of disposal
278.0
To be deposited in upper
terraces earmarked for
plantation. No dumps either
internal or external shall be
created.
Mining activity*
a. Top Soil
b. Over burden
c. Others (specify)
Effluent Treatment Plant
(sludge)
Silt / Clay
None
Nil
None
Nil
None
Nil
Total
278.0
[* Annex layout plan indicating the dump sites.]
(b)
(i)
Does waste (s) contain any
hazardous/toxic substance/
radioactive materials or
heavy metals?
Yes
No
√
activi
activi
ty*
ty*
(ii)
If yes, whether details and
Yes
No a.
a.
activi
activi
Top
Top
precautionary measures
ty*
ty*
Soil
Soil
provided?
a.
a.
b.
b.
Recovery and recycling possibilities.
Top
Top
Over
Over
Soil
Soil
burd
burd
Possible user(s) of the solid waste. : The quantity en
of
top
soil
shall
be
deposited
in
en
b.
b.
upper terraces
earmarked
for
plantation
and
Over
Over
c.
c.
excess quantity
shall
be
used
for
backfilling.
burd
burd
Othe
Othe
en
en
rs
rs
(spec
(spec
(i)
Is the solid waste suitable for
c.
c.
ify)
ify)
Othe
Othe
√
Q-21
rs
rs
activi
activi
(spec
(spec
ty*
ty*
ify)
ify)
a.
a.
Top
Top
Soil
Soil
b.
b.
[
[
(c)
(d)
(e)
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
backfilling?
(ii)
Yes
If yes, when do you propose
to start backfilling.
No
Before monsoon every year,
if required.
a. Top Soil
(in million m3)
b. Over burden
To be generated
% of A & B to be
(B) c. Others (specify)backfilled
[
[
Solid waste (s)
Over burden
Already
accumulated
(A)
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
Others (specify)
[
A
B
Land reclamation Plan
(f)
No mineral waste other than top soil shall
be generated which shall be deposited in
upper terraces earmarked for plantation and
excess quantity shall be used for backfilling
In case waste is to be dumped on :
the ground, indicate
(i)
Associated environmental problems
(ii)
Number & type of waste dumps

No. of external dumps
None

Max. projected height of dumps (in m)
-

No. of terraces and height of each stage
-

Overall slope of the dump (degree)
-

Proposed reclamation measures : To be deposited in terraces earmarked
for plantation.
(iii)
Section of the waste dump in relation
to the adjacent ground profile attached.
Yes
35.
Fuel / Energy requirements*
:
(a)
Total power requirement (in MW)
: Not Applicable
√
No
[*To be furnished for mines having ML area more than 25 ha. or captive power generation of 500KVA and
above]
S. No.
1
2
Mine Site
Present
Proposed /
additional
Nil
Nil
Township
Nil
Nil
Others (specify)
Nil
Nil
Total
Nil
Nil
Q-22
Total
(b)
Nil
Nil
Source of power (in MW)
Nil
Nil
: Not Applicable
S. No.
SEB/Grid*
Captive power plant
DG Sets
1
Present
None
None
None
2
Proposed
None
None
None
Total
None
None
[* Annex a copy of the sanction letter from the concerned authority]
(c)
36.
Details of fuels
: Not Applicable
S. No.
Fuel
1
HSD
2
LSHS
Nil
Nil
3
Other
(specify)
Nil
Nil
Daily Consumption
(TPD)
Existing Proposed
0.843 TPD
Calorific
value
(Kcals/kg)
% Ash
% Sulphur
10366
0.01
1.0
Storage of inflammable / explosive materials: Use of explosive as
blasting is not proposed in
riverbed mining
S. No.
37.
None
Name
Number of
Storages
Consumption
(in TPD)
Maximum Quantity
at any point of time
1
Fuels
1
0.843
1.686
2
Explosives
None
Nil
Nil
Human Settlement
Particular
Core Zone
Buffer Zone
Population*
Nil
195930
No. of villages/town
Nil
109-Rural Villages and 1-Urban
Town (Sojat)
41652
Number of households
village-wise
[* As per 2011 census record]
Nil
: Number of household’s village wise is
attached as Annexure-VI
Q-23
38.
Rehabilitation & Resettlement (R&R) Plan*: In the wake of the fact that no
[*Provide a comprehensive rehabilitation plan, if
more than 1000 people are likely to be displaced,
other-wise a summary plan]
(a)
private land or asset acquisition is
involved in the mine lease area
which totally falls in revenue waste
land classified as Gair Mumkin
Nadi/Nala in the revenue records, no
R&R plan is warranted.
Villages falling within the study area: Not Applicable
Study Zone
Villages
Number
Name
Core zone
Nil
None
500 m from the blasting site (s)
Nil
Buffer zone
109-Rural Villages and 1Urban Town (Sojat)
Township site
(b)
-
Details of village(s) in the core zone
S.
No.
Village name
None
None, as no blasting is
involved
As per Annexure-VI
-
: No displacement of any person from
any village in core/buffer zone
Population*
Tribal
Others
None
None
Average Annual
Income
Not Applicable
[*As per 2011 census / actual survey]
(c)
Population to be displaced and / or Land oustees: No displacement of any person
Name of village(s) falling within
Mining Lease : None
Township Site : None
(d)
Land
(only)
None
None
Number of Oustees
Homestead
Land and
(only)
Homestead (both)
None
None
None
None
Whether R&R package has been finalized? : No R& R Package is warranted as there
shall be no oustees.
If yes, salient features of R&R plan for oustees.
(i)
Site details where the people are proposed to
be resettled & facilities existing / to be created.
(ii)
Funds earmarked for compensation package.
(iii)
Agency /Authority responsible for their
resettlement.
Q-24
(iv)
Time of commencement of resettlement
of Project Affected People (PAP).
(v)
Period by which resettlement of PAP will
be over.
39.
Lease -wise plantation details
(a)
Lease area (in ha.)
Existing mine
(i)
Area broken up
Nil
(ii)
To be broken up
166.67
(iii)
Area not to be broken-up
4149.33
Nil
(b)
Township area (in ha.)
(c)
Area afforested and proposed (in ha.)
Peripheral
(i)
(ii)
(d)
New mine
Dumps
Roads
Township
Others
Existing
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Proposed
55.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
No. and type of trees planted and proposed
(i)
Existing: Not applicable due to new mine

When plantation was started?
Month / Year
No.of plant species planted
Number saplings (per ha.)
Survival rate %
(ii)
●
Avg. height
Proposed (Pl. refer Section-9.3.4 & Table-9.4 of EIA Report)
No. of plant species to be planted
Number of saplings (per ha.)
5500/year
500
40. Environmental health and safety
(a)
What major health and safety:
hazards are anticipated?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Allergic rhinitis and asthma
Noise Induce Hearing Loss
Skin diseases
Allergic conjunctivitis of eyes
Q-25
(b)
What provisions have been made /
proposed to be made to conform to
health and safety requirements?
(c)
In case of an existing mine : Not Applicable
As per Mines Rules, 1955, medical
examination of employees at the initial
stage and periodically, shall be done by a
team of qualified medical officers provided
by the project proponent. The provisions
regarding health and safety requirements
are enclosed as Annexure VII
(i)
Comprehensive report on health status
of the workers as under the Mines Act annexed.
(ii)
Mineralogical composition of RPM (dust)

Free silica : 1.9 to 3.2 μg/m3

Chromium* (Total as well as Hexavalent)

Lead**
Yes
No
[* Only for Chromite mines]
[**Only for Base Metal mines]
(d)
Information on radiation protection measures, if applicable. : Not Applicable
41.
Environmental Management Plan
Salient features of environmental protection measures
S. No.
Environmental
issues*
1
Air pollution
2
Water pollution
3.
Water conservation
Already practiced,
if applicable
Proposed
1. Copious sprinkling of water on
surface of haul roads and silt and
clay deposited on upper terraces
2. Avoiding idle running of transport
vehicle and ensuring their regular
maintenance.
3. Covered or hooded trucks shall
be used for transportation.
4. Avenue plantation on roadsides
besides plantation around the
mine lease area.
1. The mining in the flooded pits
shall be allowed only after the
water level has receded.
2. Sufficient time should be allowed
for settling of sediment in the pits
3. No mining activity during
monsoon period.
Traditional
rainwater
harvesting
Q-26
structures are proposed to be
constructed under CSR activities.
1. Provision of protective devices
like ear muffs/ear plugs to those
workers who cannot be isolated
from the source of noise
2. Reducing the exposure time of
workers to the higher noise levels
by rotation.
3. Provision and maintenance of
thick tree belts to screen noise.
4. Thick plantation within the
project area to dampen the
noise.
Deposition of top soil in upper
terraces for plantation purposes after
adding FYM and Bio-fertilizer
4.
Noise pollution
5.
Solid waste / Tailings
6.
Land degradation
The land degradation due to
vulnerable bank shall be protected
by providing retaining structure /
gabion structure.
7.
Erosion & Sediment
8.
Top soil
9.
Ground vibration
Erosion of banks / toe-erosion and
land slips shall be remedied by
erecting stone masonry structure /
gabion structures.
Deposition of top soil in upper
terraces for plantation purposes after
adding FYM and Bio-fertilizer before
taking up plantation activities.
Not Applicable
10.
Wildlife conservation
Not Applicable
11.
Forest protection
12.
Others (specify)
Not Applicable
None
[* As applicable]
42.
Compliance with environmental safeguards (For existing units): Not Applicable.
(a)
Status of the compliance of conditions of
Environmental clearance issued by MoEF,
Yes
No
if any, enclosed.
Q-27
(b)
(c)
Status of the compliance of ‘Consent to
Operate’ issued by SPCB, if any, enclosed.
Yes
No
Latest 'environmental statement' enclosed.
Yes
No
Yes
No
43. Scoping of EIA
Whether environmental impact assessment
of the project has been carried out by
following scoping process?
If yes, a copy of scoping of EIA
annexed. (Table 1.4 of EIA)
Yes
√
No
44.
Mine closure
(a)
Have you planned mine closure?
Yes
√
No
(b)
Submitted a conceptual mine
closure plan.
Yes
√
No
(c)
If yes, indicate estimated amount for
implementing the same (in Rs. lakhs)
6.0
45.
Capital cost of the project (in Rs. Lakh)
(Based on latest estimate)
75
46.
Cost of Environmental Protection Measures
S.
No.
1
2
3
(in Rs. Lakh)
Annual recurring cost
Capital cost
Existing
Proposed
Existing
Pollution Control
(Separately provide break-up)
1. Air Pollution
-
-
-
Pollution Monitoring
(Separately provide break-up)
1. Air
2. Water
3. Noise
4. Soil
5. Other Miscellaneous
Occupational Health
-
Proposed
1.75
-
2.04
2.0
0.5
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.77
Q-28
4
Green Belt
 Mine

-
-
-
7.15
-
Township)
5
Reclamation / Rehabilitation of
mined out area
-
-
-
6
Others
1.
2.
3.
4.
-
-
-
(specify) :
Soil conservation works
Management of top soil
CSR Initiatives
Conservation Plan for
Wildlife (Schedule I&II)
Total
0.60
1.67
4.00
2.00
2.04
-
20.94
47.
Amount earmarked for socio-economic:
welfare measures for the nearby villages
other than R&R plans.
48.
Public Hearing
(a)
Date of Advertisement
(b)
Newspapers in which the advertisement appeared
1. Hindustan Times
2. Rajasthan Patrika
(c)
Date of public hearing (DD/MM/YYYY)
16-09-14 at 11:00 AM
(d)
Public Hearing Panel chaired by
& members present:
(e)
No. of people attended the public hearing meeting
and number of people from the lease area.
(f)
Rs. 20 Lac under CSR initiative.
(Annexure-VIII of Questionnaire)
14-8-14 / 14-8-14
Chaired by ADM Pali and representatives of
the State Pollution Control Board, Rajasthan.
80
72
List enclosed as Annexure-IX
Summary/details of public hearing in tabular form:
Q-29
Issues raised by
the Public
Response/Commitment
of Project Proponents
Shri Madha Ram
Gujjar,
R/o
Modawas
The rate of royalty
of bajri is very high.
The rates of royalty for
minor
minerals
are
determined by the state
government
and
the
project proponent / lessee
has no locus standii over
this
exclusive
policy
matter.
Shree Pema Ram,
R/o Shivpura
Expressed
no
objection in respect
of the Sand Mining
Project
Omkar Singh, R/o
Ajitpura
Suggested that the
mining should not
be carried out in
excess of 3m depth
Shri Mishri Nath
Inquired about the
proposed location
for plantation
-
-
The mining shall be
carried out upto 3m depth
as per approved mining
plan
-
Section
2.8.2
and
Approved Mining Plan
The plantation shall be
carried out as per green
belt development plan
contained in the EMP
Section 9.3
(Green Belt Development
Plan – Rs. 7.15 lac per
annum)
Bhanupratap Singh,
R/o, Bhaisana
Suggested that the
incidence
of
overloading
of
tractors should be
controlled
As per approved mine
plan, the transportation of
minerals shall be carried
through covered trucks
and overloading avoided
beyond the stipulated
capacity.
It
is
the
responsibility of the state
mine department and the
transport department to
ensure no overloading of
trucks.
-
The PP shall be
responsible for the
maintenance of the
plantation during the
project period.
Approved mining plan
shall
be
strictly
complied
with.
Periodical checking of
loaded trucks at proper
“Naka” shall be carried
out by mining as well
as
transport
department.
-
-
The deployment of JCB is
permitted as per RMMCR
Rules 1986 and is as per
approved mining plan.
The
EIA
document
vouches for deployment
of manpower indigenously
available during the lease
period.
The local people shall
get the employment for
executing
mining
activities as well as
labour oriented works
under
the
management plans.
Section 4.9 and 8.3.1
The garbage should be
disposed
at
the
designated landfill sites
The
ADM
has
informed
about
passing instructions to
Satya Singh R/o
Sandara
Has no object in
respect of the sand
mining project
Shri Kishore, R/o
Sojat
The deployment of
the JCB should be
prohibited
and
advocated
for
manual method so
that
more
employment
opportunities
are
available
Shri Asharam, R/o
Sojat
Sojat Municipality is
Suggestions made
by the Public Hearing
Panel
It is the policy matter
of the state and the
view of the public shall
be
communicated
Action Plan Reference
in EIA Doc
-
Section 4.10.2
Q-30
involved
in
indiscriminate
in
throwing
the
garbage into the
river without any
consideration
for
protecting
the
environment
Shri Hari Ram, R/o
Sojat
Suggested that the
mining should be
restricted to the
designated area by
deploying JCB and
no mining should
be carried out near
wells in the river.
The practice of
throwing garbage
into the river by the
Municipality should
be checked
Shri Bhawani Singh
R/o
Suggested
proper
and
extensive
advertisement
of
the Public Hearing.
The mining should
be
carried
out
considering
the
safety
of
the
villages and also in
keeping with the
views
of
the
villagers.
The
erosion of the river
bank should be
avoided
and
plantation
should
be done along river
bank
Shri Omparashar,
Correspondent
For enabling to
express their views
timely notice of the
public
hearing
should have been
ensured. What is
the mechanism to
ensure
proper
implementation of
the
EMP.
The
machinery can be
deployed
for
mining.
EO Municipality Sojat
for looking into the
matter.
The mining is being
carried
out
as
per
approved mine plan in the
designated
Khasra
number. Under Rule 18 of
RMMCR,
1986
ammended upto 2012
and notification from the
State Mining Department,
a safety zone of 45m
radius
has
been
contemplated and the
mining plan has been
formulated
accordingly.
The PP is bound to
ensure its compliance.
For control of incidence of
bank erosion, a safety
zone of 10m on either
bank has been provided
in the approved mining
plan. Besides provision
for
erecting
stone
masonry
retaining
structure has been made
in the EMP
-
Approved mining plan
The notice for public
hearing
has
been
published
in
two
papers and in the light
of
the
concerned
Notification
of
the
MoEF
Section
9.6
(Soil
Conservation Works Rs. 3
lac).
Annexure-III
The
State
Mining
Department
and
the
district Administration are
responsible department of
the government who shall
oversee the works under
EMP
The notice for public
hearing
has
been
published
in
two
papers and in the light
of
the
concerned
Notification
of
the
MoEF
Annexure-III
Q-31
Shri Narayan Lal,
R/o Bhilawas
No royalty should
be imposed on
excavated earth
Shri Puran Singh
Solanki, R/o Sojat
The
information
about the personal
engaged at check
points should be
made public
49.
Royalty is applicable
for
all
minerals
including
earth
obtained
from
the
river.
The PP shall display the
names of the persons
engaged at the check
points.
-
-
Whether the following approvals* (wherever applicable) have been
obtained?
(i)
(ii)
Site clearance from MoEF/SEIAA
Yes
(Minutes of 11th Meeting of EAC, MoEF,
New Delhi, 25-27th September 2013)
√
No
‘Consent for Establishment’ from the
State Pollution Control Board
Yes
No
(iii)
NOC from Atomic Mineral Division
Yes
No
(iv)
Mining plan approval from IBM /
Ministry of Coal
Yes
(Not Applicable)
√
√
No
The mining plan has been approved by Department of Mines & Geology Rajasthan
under Rule 37-E of RMMCR, 1986 amended upto 2012. (Annexure – II of EIA)
(v)
(vi)
(vii)
(viii)
(ix)
In case of existing mines, mining
scheme approval from IBM
(Not Applicable)
Forestry clearance under FCA, 1980
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
(Not Applicable)
NOC from Chief Controller of
Explosives
(Not Applicable as blasting is not envisaged.)
Commitment regarding availability /
pumping of water from the concerned
Authorities
Not Applicable as water demand is less than
50 Kld, the maximum limit for critical block.
In case of ML area falling in notified areas
of the Central Ground Water Authority,
NOC from them.
Yes
No
(Not Applicable as the lease area falls in non-notified areas of CGWA)
[* Annex copies of approvals and number them]
50.
Was / is there any court case relating:
to the project or related activities?
There is no litigation/court case
pending against the project
Q-32
If so, provide details present status.
Verification: The data and information given in this Performa are true to the best of my
knowledge and belief.
M/s Shekhawat Associates,
226, Jaswant Nagar, Khatipura Rooad,
Jaipur, Rajasthan
Q-33
Annexure- I
List of Earthquake Events of Magnitude more than >3.3 on Richter scale
DATE
TIME
08-11-1991
27-02-1996
02-05-2002
19-02-2003
10-08-2003
29-11-2006
24-12-2006
07-07-2008
09-04-2009
07-04-2010
09-11-2010
15-08-2010
20-12-2012
15:13
09:04
14:29
08:10
16:47
05:41
04:13
17:29
07:16
12:36
04:16
22:42
13:00
LAT
(deg.
N)
26.38
26.816
27.696
25.3
27.216
27.348
26.881
25.8
27.13
27.8
25.23
26.4
26.726
LONG
(deg.E)
70.66
72.010
75.810
72.662
75.739
76.850
76.154
74.200
70.769
76.700
73.649
74.300
76.303
Depth
(km)
Magnitude
Region
-
5.4
3.5
4.1
4.0
4.5
4.0
4.2
3.6
5.1
3.3
4.6
4.0
4.0
Bersi-Tagrawa, Jaisalmer
Phalodi
Neem-Ka-Thana, Sikar
Jalore Region
Chomu, Jaipur Region
Govindgarh, Alwar Region
Bassi, Jhunjhunu Region
Bhilwara/Pali Region
Jaisalmer
Alwar Region
Sadri, Ajmer Region
Ajmer Region
Dausa
33
33
10
10
10
10
10
43.3
22
10
10
10
A
Q-34
Annexure - II
Seasonal Wind Rose Diagram
October 2013
November 2013
December 2013
October To December 2013
Q-35
Annexure – III
Location of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations
Q-16
Details of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations
Station
Code
Name of the
Station
A-1
A-2
Sojat Town
Chaupra Village
Rediya
Riverbed at
Chaupra
Siyat
Shoepura
village
A-3
A-4
A-5
Distance (km)
from the river
boundary
(mining area)
Sukri River-2.0
Rediya Nadi-0.5
Direction w.r.t. river
(mining area)
Environmental
Setting
S
SW
Commercial
Rural/Residential
Rediya River-0.0
-
River bed
Sukri River-1.0
S
Rural/Residential
Sukri River -0.4
S
Rural/Commercial
Q-16
Annexure-IV
Physicochemical and Biological Characteristics of Surface Water
Parameters
Tolerance limits for
inland surface water
class A (drinking
water without
conventional
treatment but after
disinfection) as per
IS:2296 - 1982
-
Sardar Samand
(SW-1)
Chaupra Raj Sagar
(near Nayagaon)
(SW-2)
<5
<5
Conductivity (μmhos/cm)
-
1297
785
Turbidity (NTU)
-
0.9
0.8
6.5 - 8.5
7.28
7.42
500
658
521
-
10
28
256
104
24
Colour (Hazen)
pH
Total Dissolved Solids (mg/l)
Total Suspended Solids (mg/l)
Total Hardness (as CaCO3)
mg/liter
Chlorides (as Cl ) mg/l
300
250
170
Sulphate (as SO4) mg/l
400
22
6
Nitrate ( as NO3 ) mg/l
20
15
11
-
BDL
BDL
Fluoride (as F) mg/l
1.5
0.5
0.7
Iron (as Fe) mg/l
0.3
0.35
0.4
Lead (as Pb) mg/l
0.1
BDL
BDL
Copper (as Cu) mg/l
1.5
BDL
BDL
-
BDL
BDL
15
BDL
BDL
Total Chromium (as Cr) mg/l
0.05
BDL
BDL
Manganese ( as Mn ) mg/l
0.5
BDL
BDL
Oil & Grease (mg/l)
0.01
3
4
Calcium (as Ca) mg/l
200
37
30
Magnesium (as Mg) (mg/l)
100
40
7
Total Alkalinity (mg/l)
200
138
28
96
112
20
24
7.5
6.2
Phosphate (as PO4) mg/l
Nickel (as Ni) mg/l
Zinc (as Zn) mg/l
Chemical Oxygen demand
mg/l
BOD (for 3 days at 270C)
(mg/l)
Dissolved Oxygen (mg/l)
3
6
Q-17
Physicochemical and Biological Characteristics of Ground water
Location
PARAMETERS
Colour (Hazen
Units)
Conductivity
(μmhos/cm)
Turbidity (NTU)
pH
Total Dissolved
Solids (mg/liter)
Total
Suspended
Solids (mg/liter)
Total Hardness (
as CaCO3)
mg/liter
Chlorides ( as Cl
) mg/liter
Sulphate ( as
SO4 ) mg/liter
Nitrate ( as NO3
) mg/liter
Phosphate (as
PO4) mg/liter
Fluoride ( as F
)mg/liter
Iron ( as Fe )
mg/liter
Lead ( as Pb )
mg/liter
Copper ( as Cu )
mg/liter
Nickel (as Ni)
mg/liter
Zinc ( as Zn )
mg/liter
Total Chromium
( as Cr ) mg/liter
Manganese ( as
Mn ) mg/liter
Oil & Grease
(mg/liter)
Calcium (as Ca)
mg/liter
Magnesium (as
Mg) (mg/liter)
Total Alkalinity
(mg/liter)
Total Coliform
(MPN/100 ml)
Sojat
Town
Chaupra
Village
Guriya
Village
Junplea
Village
Shoepura
Village.
GW-1
<5
GW-2
<5
GW-3
<5
GW-4
<5
GW-5
<5
2383
3971
1936
3971
2202
0.6
3.7
0.8
3.7
0.7
7.9
7.27
7.6
7.87
7.55
1194
1763
1162
1903
1102
25
13
10
13
18
180
432
336
432
DESIRABLE
LIMITS
PERMISSIBLE
LIMITS
5
25
-
-
5
10
6.5 to 8.5
No relaxation
500
2000
IS:3025
Part-4
IS:3025
Part-14
IS:3025
Part-10
IS:3025
Part-11
IS:3025
Part-16
-
-
IS:3025
Part-17
300
600
250
1000
200
400
45
100
-
-
1
1.5
0.3
1
0.05
No relaxation
0.05
1.5
-
-
5
15
0.05
No relaxation
0.1
0.3
-
-
75
200
30
100
200
600
10
10
496
580
824
432
724
499
48
52
35
52
2.6
28
36
26
28
32
4
3
4.5
3
BDL
0.8
1.1
0.9
1.3
1.2
0.36
2.3
0.4
2.3
0.18
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
6
9
6
9
8
27
66
57
66
84
27
65
47
65
69
154
140
154
140
90
NIL
NIL
NIL
NIL
NIL
Q-18
Test
Protocol
IS:3025
Part-21
IS:3025
Part-32
IS:3025
Part-24
IS:3025
Part-34
IS:3025
Part-31
IS:3025
Part-60
IS:3025
Part-53
IS:3025
Part-47
IS:3025
Part-42
IS:3025
Part-54
IS:3025
Part-49
IS:3025
Part-52
IS:3025
PartIS:3025
Part-39
IS:3025
Part-40
IS:3025
Part-46
IS:3025
Part-23
IS:5401
Part-2
Annexure-V
Water Balance (KLD)
Q-19
Annexure-VI
Tehsil
Sojat
Village
Abkai Ki Dhani
Ajeetpura
Atpara
Bagri
Bagawas
Vaidhnath
Mahadev Nagar
Bariyala
Basna
Basni Surayta
Bhaniya
Bhanwar Bhata
Bhaisana
Bijliyawas
Bilawas
Butelao
Chundlai
Chandasani
Charwas
Chandawal
Chamdiyak
Chopra
Dadi
Deoli Hulla
Deo Nagar
Dhangarwas
Dhakri
Dhandheri
Dheenawas
Dhurasani
Dornari
Dhoondha
Lambodi
Gagura
Gajnai
Godelao
Gurha Bachhraj
Guda
Bhadawatan
Guda Beeja
Guda Chatura
Details of Human Settlement
No. of
Total
Male
Household
Population
Population
149
782
399
106
420
190
1340
5938
2899
2374
10509
5115
356
1828
872
Female
Population
383
230
3039
5394
956
110
78
494
27
292
53
400
117
861
330
222
133
371
1460
160
405
165
342
135
320
617
316
432
273
362
419
427
2115
136
1547
253
1685
577
3667
1436
1217
665
1806
7019
907
2161
788
1567
626
1558
2685
1429
1897
1466
1554
212
207
1032
76
823
131
804
302
1777
716
621
359
911
3442
473
1107
386
748
302
815
1316
720
915
732
714
207
220
1083
60
724
122
881
275
1890
720
596
306
895
3577
434
1054
402
819
324
743
1369
709
982
734
840
118
349
202
120
137
552
1354
994
627
653
269
669
508
338
329
283
685
486
289
324
109
386
182
490
1708
799
237
868
405
253
840
394
Q-20
Guda Kalan
Guda Ramsingh
Guda Shyama
Hapat
Haripur
Hariya Mali
Heerawas
Hingawas
Jhupelao
Kanawas
Karmawas
Kharnikhera
Kelwad
Ker Khera
Khakhra
Khamal
Khariya Neev
Khariya Soda
Khariya Swami
Khera Nabra
Khejari Ka
Bala
Khokhara
Lanera
Ladpura
Lakhan Ka
Khet
Lundawas
Malpuriya
Kalan
Malpuriya
Khurd
Mamawas
Mandla
Meo
Morawas
Murdawa
Nai Dhani
Napawas
Nathal Kundi
Naya Gaon
Pachchwa
Khurd
Pachunda
Kalan
492
323
208
283
71
531
131
171
288
132
481
149
378
72
54
329
653
234
123
89
2476
1362
946
1334
353
2481
583
647
1481
596
1938
732
1644
328
239
1706
2943
1105
558
479
1245
668
448
663
180
1243
277
290
745
297
921
364
786
148
115
911
1445
562
287
263
1231
694
498
671
173
1238
306
357
736
299
1017
368
858
180
124
795
1498
543
271
216
61
543
341
159
333
2561
1882
737
159
1249
949
368
174
1312
933
369
141
190
664
910
364
458
300
452
125
596
286
310
106
143
480
248
189
201
135
78
85
321
481
575
2134
1089
920
883
492
371
356
1441
222
276
1081
588
446
448
229
189
154
728
259
299
1053
501
474
435
263
182
202
713
182
960
491
469
367
1719
855
864
Q-21
Pachunda
Khurd
Panchwa Kalan
Peeplad
Potaliya
Pokariya Nadi
Ramasani
Sandwan
Ramasanibala
Rayara Kalan
& Khurd
Rendari
Reprawas
Roopnagar
Rupawas
Roondiya
Salarmal
Sand Magra
Sandiya
Sarangwas
Sardar Samand
Sardarpura
Shiv Nagar
Shivpura
Singpura
Sisarwada
Siyat
Sobrawas
Sohan Nagar
Sojat (Rural)
Sandarda
Surayta
Tharasani
Udeshi Kua
Birawas
Sojat (M)
Total
216
194
376
167
112
909
1102
1686
688
605
422
554
785
352
312
487
548
901
336
293
246
365
1368
1559
722
777
646
782
698
323
397
102
469
271
114
96
905
254
277
154
72
410
146
348
784
85
64
310
127
606
307
280
89
8598
41652
3167
1451
1973
449
2170
1358
696
484
4136
1114
1269
819
390
1944
722
1498
3239
412
364
1432
642
2833
1516
1233
383
43023
195930
1554
719
1031
210
1041
697
349
249
1993
524
657
407
209
1005
358
734
1578
209
197
729
310
1441
824
595
179
22268
98128
1613
732
942
239
1129
661
347
235
2143
590
612
412
181
939
364
764
1661
203
167
703
332
1392
692
638
204
20755
97802
Q-22
Annexure-VII
Cost Estimate under Occupational Health Management Plan
S.
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Total
Particulars
Quantity
Unit
Rate
Initial medical check-up for all
workers for 1/5th of the workers i.e.
21 workers/year
Periodical check-up for all workers
for 1/5th of the workers i.e. 21
workers/year
Provision for free medicines for all
workers @ Rs. 200/year
Provision for personal protection
equipment like ear plug, dusk
mask, shoes, goggles and etc., for
102 workers
Provision for First Aid facilities
21
Man
600
Amount
(Rs. lacs)
0.13
21
Man
600
0.13
102
Man
200
0.21
102
No.
2000
2.04
1
Job
L.S.
0.20
1
Job
L.S.
0.10
Provision for fire extinguisher and
its regular refilling
2.81
Q-23
Annexure-VIII
Cost under CSR Activities
S. No.
Description
Amount
(Rs. lacs)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Health check-up camps
Assistance to local schools, scholarship to
students
Sanitations and drinking water facilities
Vocational training to persons for income
generation
Assistance to self-help groups
Creation of traditional water harvesting structures
Gender support / women empowerment
Organizing veterinary camps
Plantation in the village Panchayat
Total
3.5
5.0
2.5
1.0
1.0
2.0
2.0
1.0
2.0
20.0
Q-24
Annexure- IX
Public Hearing Notice and Proceedings
Q-25
Rajasthan Patrika Dated 14-8-2014
Q-26
Hindustan Times Dated 14-8-2014
Q-27
Q-28
Q-29
Q-30
Q-31
Q-32
Q-33
Q-34
Q-35
Q-36
Q-37